Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Archéologie – Syrie'
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Gillot, Laurence. "La mise en valeur des sites archéologiques: un rapprochement entre archéologie, tourisme et développement :le cas de la Syrie." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210429.
Full textThe thesis examines the complex relationships between Archaeology, Tourism and Development through the analysis of the stakes and modalities of the development of archeological sites in Syria. The Syrian context offers a ground of particularly rich observation because archeological sites were invested from the end of the XIXth century of cognitive, identical values and more recently economic and touristic values in the framework of development policies. Within the framework of policies of development and "national" land settlement. While the relations between Archaeology, Tourism and Development are stigmatized by the archaeologists, they tend to be conceived under the shape of a "natural" complementarity by the administrators and the heritage and tourist institutions. These last ones see in the (cultural) heritage a potential lever of socio-economic and socio-cultural development. The archaeological, managerial and institutional rethorics base themselves nevertheless on a restrictive conception of the archeological site and its valuation (valorisation), a connoted term which would send back exclusively to a commercial exploitation of the archaeological "resource". Now, it seems important to propose another approach and to adopt a "median voice" by underlining that the link between three dimensions. Consequently, this thesis proposes a renewed conception of archeological sites and their development.
Doctorat en Sciences
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Ismail, Randa. "Préservation et présentation du patrimoine archéologique dans les musées syriens au XXe siècle." Paris, EPHE, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008EPHE4015.
Full textThe syrian archaeology is developped during the 20th century, from the oldest periods to the medieval and modern ages. This book is at the same time an historiography of this research and a description of its contribution to the preservation and to the presentation as well as to the cultural policy of Syria and its partners. Firstly, this book realizes an analysis of the choice of the sites and their geographical distribution in the various regions of the country. Some of them were privileged, from the lime-stone northern syria to the basaltic country of Hauran in the south. The middle-Euphrates led to many missions for all the periods: Mari in the east, Ebla in central Syria. Palmyra and its steppes also led to many ancient and islamic researches. But, why other regions are neglected? For each case, starting from the map of the studied sites, this study analyse which period an which type of monuments each decade has studied but also which place was researched to a diachronic prospect from early pagan antiquity to Islam. In parallel, the used mode of search and strategies appears, from the excavation of an urban or rural complex, to regional prospections and the archaeology of planning and landscapes? How did we pass from collecting antiques to a true history of the "modes" of archaeology. The second part of the thesis studies the valorization of the heritage. Which policy of conservation and presentation did the study of the sites product? But also, which museographic policy did it contribute to this valorization of researchs and its results: from the Museum of Damascus to that of Palmyra, for exemple, an obvious evolution appears: its principles are analyzed. This book tries to give a clear idea of the evolution of research and of the patrimonial and museologic policy
Rigot, Jean-Baptiste. "Environnement naturel et occupation du sol dans le bassin-versant du lac Jabbûl (Syrie du nord) à l'Holocène." Lyon 2, 2003. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2003/rigot_jb.
Full textThe study, based among other things on a GIS, shows that in arid environment natural determinations are fundamental regarding agricultural exploitation. Indeed, in the region under study, the plateaux benefiting from water reserves and good pedogenesis conditions, as well as the north of the area getting extern water supplies, were the main places of human occupation, especially for sedentaries and semi-nomads. Other places that are not as favourable as those evoked, were occupied by nomads practising extensive breeding. Nevertheless, the space organisation varied along centuries. For instance, disadvantaged areas around plateaux were invested by sedentary practising extensive agriculture at Byzantine time. This evolution is partly due to climatic context, but the study underlines the major influence of the edaphic conditions and underscore the leading part of the political stability of the area too
Moussé, Clément. "Les sanctuaires des prophètes dans la Syrie médiévale." Thesis, Université Paris sciences et lettres, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPSLP045.
Full textIslam can appear as a strict monotheism religion, even intransigent, focus on the pilgrimage to Mecca. However, the Muslim religion has seen secondary worship develop, translated into Arabic by « ziyāra-s », or more commonly called the « worshipping saints ». If the area of the secondary devotions in Islam has been the subject of many studies, these never concern the more concrete part of the devotions, the sanctuaries in itselves. We propose to make this thesis work on this subject. These places of worship keep being visited nowadays and the sanctuaries are still a devotion object for the Muslim population; these places can be considered as objects of studies. By linking the archaeological data with the textual sources, a story of these sanctuaries and the phases of their development can be written. This research is limitated to one category of saints in particular: the one of the prophets quoted in the Koran. That is mostly the great figures of the Bible and the Gospels, since Adam to Jesus, recovered by Islam and mentioned in the Koran. This category of saints has the advantage to make the link between Islam and the previous Abrahamic religions. It enabled to check if these sanctuaries dedicated to these Muslim prophets were the rerun of the abrahamic tradition in a territory previously convert to Judaism and Christianity or if it was a Muslim creation. In that way, a corpus of 38 sites spread over the all Medieval Syria corresponding of the current political entities of Syria, Lebanon, Jordan, Israel and the West Bank has been established. The main goal was to understand the invention, establishment and legitimation process of these sanctuaries dedicated to the prophets using field data and comparing them with the information given by the Muslim, Christian and Jewish textual sources, by covering a wide period from the Antiquity to the Ottoman period. These sites, which some had a pre-islamic origin, reappeared at the heart of the Middle Ages and generated a literature which anchored them in the Muslim culture permanently. There was here a need, a necessity to rediscover all these places dedicated to the prophets. This prophets rediscovery reach its apogee in the XIIth-XIIIth century, during this famous period often said that it was rich in politics and religious upheavals, a period dominated by the « against-crusade » and the spririt of ğihād, the struggles between the Sunnis and the Shiites, the rivalries between the different law schools and the appearance of various religious command structures. However, a popular Islam co-existed and it comes to make the genesis of traces and materials frameworks of this popular religiosity
Alachkar, Sawssan. "La céramique au Bronze Ancien du Khabur à la vallée de l'Euphrate : la céramique métallique et les catégories apparentées." Thesis, Paris 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA010579.
Full textThis thesis is a study of the so-called "metallic ware" pottery of the Early Bronze Age in northern Mesopotamia (3rd millennium BC). After a detailed overview of research history and terminological problems, all these high-quality ceramics were grouped into three related categories: North Mesopotamian Metallic Ware, Red Euphrates Ware and Black Euphrates Ware. By applying a uniform descriptive system to a corpus of 446 complete vessels, it was possible to define the morphological and stylistic traits of these categories. Analysis of the geographical distribution (2 605 vessels) revealed some differences between the four main regions: the Khabur, Balikh, Syrian Euphrates and Turkish Euphrates. Examination of finds contexts (1 456 vessels) showed no particular relationships between vessel type or sub-type and domestic, public or burial contexts. The chronological study (1 231 vessels), based on 21 sites with reliable stratigraphic sequences, provided evidence for the appearance and duration of the three ceramic categories. These results rectify, confirm or complement earlier research on chronological questions. North Mesopotamian Metallic Ware could thus be seen as reflecting the appearance in the upper Euphrates of a new tradition of pottery manufacture, implying a new mastery of firing techniques that one is tempted to relate to the onset of bronze metallurgy in this same region
Léon, Sophie. "Les tombes ordinaires de l’âge du Bronze ancien et moyen à Chagar Bazar." Thesis, Lille 3, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LIL30049.
Full textA joint team of the General Direction of Antiquities of Syria and the University of Liege resumed since 1999 the excavations at Chagar Bazar located in the Syrian Jezireh. Between 1999 and 2010, 165 ordinary graves dating to the early and Middle Bronze Ages are excavated and they are studied in my PhD thesis. Thanks to the important number of excavated graves which were studied with relatively great care in the field, we have at our disposal an significant corpus of data which is relevant as far as the quantity and the quality of the informations are concerned. Indeed the graves are rarely excavated with comparable care and so richly documented in the other sites of the Syrian Jezireh. The excavations yielded many kind of informations, mainly on the funerary structures but also on the funerary deposits as well as on the human and animal bones ; some features are even original and not studied in detail until now elsewhere, as the animal offerings in the graves. The comparison, using all known details, between the rgaves excavated in Chagar Bazar and those discovered in the other sites of the Syrian Jezireh allows to highlight the points of convergence and divergence in the frame of funerary customs in the region. Thanks to the study of this new data, Chagar Bazar should be a reference site for a further investigation of graves and funerary customs in the Jezireh during the Early and Middle Bronze Ages
Suleiman, Fadi. "Étude archéologique des ğebels Barīšā et il-A‘la, complément d’inventaire et relevés des villages." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012VERS016S.
Full textThe purpose of the new archæological inventory of ğebels Barīšā and il-A‘la is to complete and systematize our knowledge of the archæological heritage and architectural romano-byzantine to limestone massif of Northern Syria. This heritage is made up of villages in excellent state of preservation, but also some of them in the process of disappearing, where only few vestiges remain. In the 27 villages, we were able to identify homes, churches, monasteries, presses, inns, andrôns, tombs, towers, tanks and careers. These elements fit into a framework that also must be studied. The identification of sites, their inventory, the classification of buildings that compose, then there compared of the architectural and archæological analysis, are the elements of archæological knowledge. Therefore, this inventory work is not limited only to the land and a quantification of the remains. It must go beyond. After an initial survey of land, a first work was to establish principal descriptions that could be applied to each site. In the data collection, photos, drawings and archæological surveys necessity for a scientific and statistical approach and was then used in a work of comparison and analysis
Alhorani, Faten. "Recherches topographiques et archéologiques au sud du Gebel Zawiyé dans l'antiquité à l'époque romaine et byzantine." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010VERS024S.
Full textThe Gebel Zawiye is one of seven members of the Limestone Massif located in the north-western Syria. This gebel is a collection of over 300 archaeological villages most of which date to the late Roman and Byzantine period between the second and the sixth century. My job is to make an inventory of archaeological gebel Zawiye and give an archaeological and historical comment. The satellite image, which provides a global view and learn about the geological properties of the regions concerned, aerial photos and topographic maps for descriptions on the scale of the vineyard areas and ground observation with occasional readings. My research takes place in two stages: 1) Firstly, the theoretical work based on a literature review with comparisons of data and historical and geographical informations,2) Secondly, the practical work will be done on the field with sketches, records and documentation of archaeological sites of the gebel Zawiye
Gaborit, Justine. "Géographie historique du Moyen-Euphrate de la conquête d'Alexandre à l'Islam." Paris 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA010551.
Full textSbeinati, Mohamed Reda. "Historical Seismology, Paleo-Archeoseismology and Seismic Hazard along the Dead Sea Fault in Syria." Strasbourg, 2010. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2010/SBEINATI_Mohamed_Reda_2010.pdf.
Full textThe seven chapters of this thesis present the instrumental and historical seismicity, paleoseismology and archeoseismology, and the seismic hazard assessment of NW Syria. The problem of long term seismic activity along the DSF is addressed from field investigations in archeoseismology, paleoseismology and the analysis of historical documents. This work benefited from the support of the EC funded APAME Project (BC contract ICA-CT-2002-10024), from March 2003 to September 2006. L also benefited from support of the project "Seismic Data for Siting and Site-Revalidation of Nuclear Facility" under the coordination of the International Atomic Energy Agency (Vienna) for the study of 181 historical seismic events. This work shows the importance of multidisciplinary approaches in the study of past earthquakes. The spatial and temporal distribution of large earthquakes observed from the historical catalogue is now constrained with physical observation of faulting episodes in excavations and trenching. Several past earthquakes described only in historical archives are now documented using archeoseismic and paleoseismic investigations and their seismic parameters listed in the parametric catalogue. The integration of different dataset with the seismic parameters of fault segments allows a better evaluation of the seismic hazard and risk in Syria. L present in the appendixes the published articles and reports prepared in the framework of my research during the thesis preparation
Bellemare, France. "Contribution à l'étude des objets en pierre en Mésopotamie au dynastique archaïque." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/29409.
Full textBoileau, Marie-Claude. "Étude multidisciplinaire de la céramique du Bronze ancien (2700-2300 Av. J.C.) de tell ʻAtij et tell Gudeda, Syrie." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/28581.
Full textRenel, François. "La céramique de Syrie du sud de la période hellénistique à la période byzantine (IIe s. Av. J. -C. - VIIe s. Ap. J. -C. ) : typologie, chronologie et implications culturelles." Paris 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA010586.
Full textChénier, Nadine. "Contribution à l'histoire de la métallurgie antique en Mésopotamie septentrionale au IIIe millénaire av. J.-C." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/28609.
Full textKanhoush, Yasmin. "L’habitat urbain de Syrie au Bronze moyen : analyses technique, fonctionnelle et sociologique." Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSE2122.
Full textWhilst houses are certainly a work of architecture, they are also Man’s lived environment that reflect their technical expertise, home comforts, customs, way of life and their relationship with death. However, this type of vestige is often overlooked in favour of large, prestigious buildings of greater interest. Furthermore, Syria's Middle Bronze Age habitat has not yet been the subject of any detailed study, despite the strategic importance of this region and the period from an urban development perspective. In fact, the end of the third millennium (or Early Bronze) saw the abandonment of many sites, or at least a very significant reduction in their size and complexity, whereas the Middle Bronze II (between 1800 and 1500 B.C.), the period which concerns us, appears to have been a flourishing time.Our thesis is divided into two distinct parts. The first focuses on a thorough and critical analysis of the available materials from 36 sites located in four separate regions, these being Northwest Syria, the Middle Orontes Valley, the Middle Euphrates Valley and Northeast Syria. This research has been enriched by unpublished data from previous German excavations on the site of Tell Halawa A on the Middle Euphrates valley, and archaeological work that we conducted on the site of Tell Mishrifeh / the ancient Qatna in Western Syria.All the available archaeological data has been used (architectural surveys, excavation photographs, field notes, articles already published, etc.), as well as certain pieces of textual data (notably those found in Area T at Qatna). These were interesting points of comparison that helped us to reconstruct more fully the history and the volumetry of the ancient houses.The second part of our work is based on the comparison and cross-referencing of the various results obtained, which enabled us to uncover the main technical, typological and functional characteristics of the houses of that period. We have highlighted regional differences and a possible evolution of the types of buildings and their uses. We have also sought, as far as is possible, to consider housing in its urban environment and to restore the social dimension of domestic architecture through the hierarchy and neighbourhood relations that it is likely to reveal
Hasan, Haytham. "La ville de Maṣyāf (Syrie) et son château aux XIIe-XIIIe siècles : étude historique et archéologique." Thesis, Paris 4, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA040069.
Full textThis thesis is a historical and archaeological study of the city of Masyaf (Syria) and its castle during the twelfth and thirteenth centuries, when it was under the authority of the Ismā'īlī.Nizari community. This city, which lies on the eastern slopes of the coastal mountains of Western Syria, is known as the seat and capital of this community. This research focuses on the development of a Syrian religious minority, known in the West during the Crusades as the Assassins (or Hachchachines in Arabic). The State she founded has played an important role in the political and military conflict between Crusaders and Muslims. The work provides for the first time a thorough archaeological survey of buildings and architectural complexes that form the fabric of the city of Masyaf and participate in its configuration; it analyzes the ramparts and gates, the main streets that draw the urban plan, important monuments, especially the great mosque, the bath, the suq, the mausoleums of several historical figures. Preliminary results of the study of the castle are also exposed in detail. They reveal two main phases of construction: the first between the tenth century and the mid-twelfth century, the second between the mid-twelfth century and the late thirteenth century, which is the period of Nizari Isma'ilis. Thanks to the contribution of ceramics, numismatics and epigraphy, archeology helps to reveal, for the first time, the building activity of Rasid al-Din Sinan, the "Old Man of the Mountain", between 1162-1192
Kharobi, Arwa. "Approche archéo-anthropologique des tombes de Tell Hamoukar et Tell Mozan (Syrie de 3700 à 1600 av. J.-C.) : taphonomie et diversité des pratiques funéraires." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015BORD0165/document.
Full textThis disseration deals with two Syrian-American excavation projects in the north of Syria: the one at TellMozan / Urkesh (G. Buccellati Buccellati and Kelly) and the project at Tell Hamoukar (C. Reichel and S. al-Kintar).These two excavations are planned in the cooperation with the Directorate General of Antiquities and Museums ofSyria (DGAM). We aim, through this archeothanatological study to reintegrate the anthropological data in the globalarcheological analysis of the population as well, in order to deepen our pre-established knowledge in the same timeof developing a multidisciplinary approach on such unpublished data. Such research is essential to complete thisrevealed knowledge mosaic of various ancient societies that occupied Upper Mesopotamia from Chalcolithic to theMiddle Bronze Age (3700-1600 BC.) leaving behind valuable evidences
Thébault, Gérard. "La création du plan de la ville hellénistique d’Europos-Dura (Syrie) : analyse du processus de création d’un plan urbain en Syrie hellénistique et romaine." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PSLEP067.
Full textThe city of Europos-Dura is a fortified city created on the western bank of the Euphrates by the Macedonians at the turn of the 3rd and 2nd centuries BC. The plan of the hidden city lies under remains left abandoned since 256 BC. The city was conquered by the Parthians in 113 BC and by the Romans first in 165 and then in 265. They set up their camp in the northern part of the city. The plan of the remains of the intramuros allotment drawn up by the Yale University Project before the Second World War has been completed and computerized since 1986 by the Franco-Syrian Mission of Europos-Dura through surface surveys, geophysical surveys and archaeological work. It is now possible to study its geometric characteristics with high precision, without deformation or sectioning, over the fifty hectares protected by the city wall. After comparing this plan with a hundred plans of other cities, Hellenistic among them, the geometric study shows the original layout of the fortified city and explains its evolution. It reveals some aspects of the savoir faire of Mesopotamian, Macedonian and Roman surveyors. It describes how the organization of subdivisions is based on a regular geometric grid, while remaining flexible, and how advances in survey techniques have marked the evolution of the plan of the cities created ex nihilo
Hatoum, Chadi. "Études des aménagements ruraux en Syrie du Sud de l'époque pré-provinciale à l'avènement de l'Islam (Ier s. av. J.-C. - VIIè s. ap. J.-C.) : apport des méthodes et techniques modernes de l'archéologie agraire." Thesis, Paris 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA01H020.
Full textThe rural planning works in Southern Syria is mainly driven by the density of the interest paid to the study of the evolution of landscape spatial organization, especially of the formation of agrarian landscapes. The aim of this PhD is to study the operations realized in the rural landscape, their evolution and the vestiges left in this landscape. A cultivated mountainous area of the NO Jabal al-' Arab (Southern Syria) was studied. The spatial distribution of rural planning works, that date from the Pre-provincial, Roman and byzantine were analyzed. These rural planning works were mapped through a GIS software (QGIS). The study of the sites distributed in the study area, their fields and the installations associated to them led to identify the processes of occupation and the exploitation of the natural environment. These works makes it possible to formulate hypotheses on a problematic concerning the nature and the phases of the occupation of this region. This research is situated in a context of agrarian archeology. The general question treated is that of rural planning works that landscape observation can provide
Chabot, Jacques. "Étude des artéfacts en pierre taillée découverts à tell 'Atij et Tell Gudeda en Mésopotamie septentrionale (Syrie du nord-est, âge du bronze ancien : 3000-2500 av. J.-C.)." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/28495.
Full textKurdy, Micheline. "Outils numériques et Archéologie du bâti - Acquisition, gestion et représentation de données 3D : Deux cas d’étude : Le site de Saint-Syméon (Syrie) Et L’abbaye de Saint-Michel-de-Cuxa (France)." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AIXM3040.
Full textNowadays, the heritage architectural studies benefit of the contributions of diverse digital methods and open new perspectives for the conservation, the analyses and the knowledge sharing especially on complex sites. Those new tools and techniques have become common and very useful presently, but how much they become common or indispensable for architectural and archeological studies? How do they fit into the different phases of the research work?We will discuss these principal questions by working mainly on two experimented sites, the site of Saint-Simeon the stylite in Syria and the abbey of Saint-Michel de Cuxa in France. The methodology used for the analysis and the elevation restoration is based on the digital tools and acquisition techniques and of three-dimensional information management and also on their setting relation with archaeological issues to build a dialogue between these two domains. Based on this reflection, we have developed a work protocol in scale of monographic study of a specific building in Saint Simeon site “the Residence”. This research is based on a combination of digital tools applied on this building for its analysis and by using them as a privileged instrument to support archaeological reflection, not an end in itself.The main contribution of this thesis focuses on the methodology and the ethics of the use of 3D digital service in archaeological approach, from the filed acquisition till the restitution representations. This approach highlights several axes, dynamism and interactivity of the work, the multidisciplinary and the collectivity context, the objective of documentation and diffusion
Chambrade, Marie-Laure. "Dynamique spatio-temporelle et environnement des sites néolithiques précéramiques de Syrie intérieure." Phd thesis, Université de Franche-Comté, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00926596.
Full textCarrera, Espartaco. "La moyenne vallée du Khabour raisonnée : discussion sur son intégration économique au troisième millénaire avant notre ère." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/28572.
Full textDevillers, Anne. "Contribution de la glyptique à l'étude de la grande faune en Syrie aux 4ème et 3ème millénaires." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/271103.
Full textDoctorat en Histoire, histoire de l'art et archéologie
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Adra, Kaïs. "Le monnayage de Laodicée-sur-mer dans l'Antiquité (IIIe siècle av. J.-C. — IIIe siècle ap. J.-C.) : étude historique et monétaire." Thesis, Paris 4, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA040013.
Full textLaodicea-on-Sea, is the modern Lattakia located on the north Mediterranean coast of Syria. This city played an important role since it was founded by Seleucus Ie, this role mostly consisted of his coinage. The monetary history of Laodicea started 300 BC with the coinage type of Alexander the Great. Later on, municipal issues have emerged during the reign of Antiochus IV and Alexander Bala. Laodicea, after the year 82/81 struck a large number of civic tetradrachms. It has retained its role during the imperial era, and has experienced a golden age when it became the capital instead of Antioch in 194 AD. It became a colony during 198 AD under Septimius Severus. The latest coinage issue of Laodicea was made during the reign of Trebonianus Gallus (251-253 AD.) The first step of our study consists on developing a chronological corpus of the different series and monetary issues and on studying the coins. The second step of our work is on the coinage study and the pace of production and circulation of the coins. The last part of our thesis studies the history of Laodicea in the Hellenistic and Roman periods through the classical sources, the Greek and Latin inscriptions of the city that have been discovered, as well as the archaeological findings from the excavations in Lattakia and from its coinage
Pontbriand, Ségolène de. "La résidence des Lysias à Europos-Doura (Syrie) et les grandes demeures urbaines privées au Proche-Orient, des Séleucides à l 'arrivée des Sassanides." Thesis, Paris 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA010635.
Full textThis research is dedicated to the largest private house of Europos-Dura in Syria, the Residence of the Governor Lysias, strategos and epistates of the city. This building has been excavated in the Thirties by the American-French expedition of Yale University and has remained abandoned during a half century. lt has never been published. The resumption of work by the French-Syrian expedition in Europos-Dura has made it as one of its scientific objectives. The historical context of this study spans four centuries since the creation of the city around 150 B. C. to the Sasanian siege and the death of the city circa 256 A. D. First part : history, methods and results of the archaeological excavations ofthis building by the Yale expedition and the resumption of the work since 2006, presenting the various elements and orientations of the study set up during this research. Second part : the architectural study of Lysias' Residence in its final state. A description of the different spaces and architectural elements that compose it allows us to identify sectors that have specific functions. Third part : the architectural evolution of the residence through the different states it has known and the relative chronology of the building. Fourth part : comparisons with other similar monuments of Europos-Dura and with other large dwellings of same period in the hellenized Orient. Conclusion : Lysias' Residence shows the uniqueness of the prestigious architecture that developed in Europos-Dura, which is a picture of a local inspiration and of Greco-Mesopotamian traditions
Chiti, Barbara. "Ville et maison : espace public, espace privé et évolution socio-culturelle dans la Syrie du IIIè millénaire avant J.-C." Thesis, Paris 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA01H101.
Full textThis thesis is part of the continuity of work devoted to one of the preferred research themes of Syrianarchaeology, namely the identification of the process through which, during the 3rd millennium BC, village societies attained a complex organizational level and cities emerged. Through a dual analytical perspective, both urban and architectural, this study focuses on identifying the different phases of urban transformation of key sites, such as Tell ‘Atij, Tell Bderi, Tell Chuera, Tell Habuba Kabira, Tell Hariri, Tell Melebiya and Tell al-Raqa'i. An in-depth analysis of the morphology of these establishments, the methods of planning the built environment, their nature, their development over time, as well as the characteristics of their housing and their evolution, has made it possible to highlight certain evolutionary dynamics specific to proto-urban areas undergoing transformation towards an "urban status" as such. The recurrence of these dynamics across several ofthe sites analysed – although carried out at different times – leads to the key contribution of this thesis: the definition of at least three stages in the urbanisation process of proto-urban sites in the Syrian region. It is only as a result of this three-stage evolution that the urban planning skills necessary to implement a real urban planning are developed and mastered, and that the first cities appear. Finally, the results of the analysis we conduct on habitats show that within each location, a precise and clear-cut "concept" of housing is adopted and developed over time. Here, it is also possible to sketch an evolution of the features specific to public and private spaces
Baraze, Muhmmad. "Recherches sur les tombes à fosse dans la Syrie antique entre le Ier et le VIlle siècle après J.-C. : espace, architecture et pratiques funéraires." Thesis, Bordeaux 3, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013BOR30039.
Full textThis thesis aims to provide knowledge of the world of the dead in pit graves in antique Syria between the 1st and the 8th century AD. The area under consideration includes the region of the Orient located between Anatolia, Mesopotamia, Arabia, Egypt and the Mediterranean Sea. This work tries to characterize the location of pit graves, to establish a typological and chronological classification of the funeral architecture of this type of grave and to determine the funeral rites practiced: inhumation or cremation, individual or group, collective or multiple, primary or secondary burial. It is also a question of illustrating the alignment and the positioning of the bodies placed in the graves: the position of the trunk, the head, the lower and upper limbs. This work furthermore attempts to analyze the location of grave objects and the order in which they were deposited. Beyond these archaeological and taphonomic analyses, the objective is to determine whether there is an evolution or a variation in the funeral practices between different geographical zones or during a particular period. It is also a question of verifying whether the whole of Syria belonged to the Greco-Roman culture in the field of the funeral practices or if, on the contrary, the entire region or only certain geographical zones of Syria, remained apart from this culture
Ghazi, Houssam. "Contribution à la connaissance de l'Aurignacien du Levant : analyse typo-technologique des industries lithiques de la séquence de Yabroud II (Syrie)." Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00906759.
Full textFusco, Johanna. "Analyse des dynamiques spatio-temporelles des systèmes de peuplement dans un contexte d'incertitude : Application à l'archéologie spatiale." Thesis, Nice, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016NICE2008/document.
Full textThe uncertainty inherent to our comprehension of past settlement systems, generated by our ways of collecting or recording data but also by our spatio-temporal categorisation and reflexion on this information, greatly condition hypotheses and results. This thesis was carried out in the framework of PaleoSyr/PaleoLib project, and develops a methodological and exploratory reasoning chain whose aim is to reveal and formalise with spatial analysis several levels of knowledge and uncertainty which are inherent to archaeological databases. It proposes alternatives to try and avoid the conditioning imposed by rigid spatio-temporal categories such as periods or survey zones. It is organised in two major axes : the first one intends to clarify and synthetize several levels of information which are inherent to a big database covering Occidental Syria and Lebanon from -9600 B.C to the present, by adapting decision making and spatio-morphological methods, and through geovisualisation processes in an exploratory dimension. The second axis explores and evaluates locally the impacts of the various spatio-temporal and uncertainty levels revealed by data with geostatistics and spatial statistics on our perception of spatio-temporal change, on a test zone situated at the North-West of Syria. Several models of the “possible pasts” of settlement with the help of fuzzy logic are then proposed, depending on the various spatio-temporal and uncertainty levels taken into account
Bizreh, Hiba. "Recherches sur la période proto-urbaine dans la région du Khabur : exemple : Tell Mashnaqa." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015STRAG058.
Full textThe term proto-urban, proposed by Pascal Butterlin, refers to the period extending from the end of the 5th to the 3rd millennium BC. During this long period, the site of Mashnaqa, which is located on the middle valley of Khabur in Syria, was characterized by a continuous occupation. The salvage excavations in Mashnaqa, directed by Dominique Beyer between 1992 and 2000, yielded a long sequence of architecture. The aim of this research is to publish the Mashnaqa archaeological data during the proto-urban period. Four levels which are relative to post-Ubaid, Early Uruk, Middle and Late Uruk were characterized by several architectural phases. Most of these phases yielded some households, either well conserved, or in a deficient state. The village of Late Uruk as well as Middle Uruk is particularly characterized by a remarkable density of circular cooking ovens. These installations were often accompanied to quadrangles structures or they were surrounded by a network of three or four walls. This density of ovens makes us wonder about the real role of the site at this time. The architectural diversity is also presented by the tripartite house, which is dated to the post Ubaid. Moreover, in the late 4th millennium BC, a subcircular building dominated the tell. Its circular type, which is accompanied by a terrace and a rectangular building, presents a prototype during the Late Uruk period.The evolution of the built space and the pottery development are certainly the essential points, which allow to interpret the place of Mashnaqa in the Khabur region
Al, Shbib Shaker. "Les fortifications de Cyrrhus - Nebi Houri : de la période hellénistique à la reconstruction par Justinien." Thesis, Paris 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA010608.
Full textIn this thesis we conducted a targeted search on the fortifications of Cyrrhus. The general problem of this research is to identify and date the different phases of occupation, but also to restore the layout of each construction phase and analyze its evolution according to the topography. From the results obtained in the field, we continued some issues: First, review the foundation of polygonal masonry fortifications, that is to say the first fortifications of the city; then link to that this foundation of the city to see if the two are contemporary or there were two phases in the development of the first occupation. To support some dating assumptions of these original I fortifications, our study focused on the characteristics and concepts of the construction of these original fortifications, their topographic location, their different components and, ultimately, their materials and their construction techniques, to see if they were founded on a tradition known in other Hellenistic foundations. Afterwards we tried to bring more data on the occupation of the original fortifications during the Roman and Byzantine periods, throughout their reconstruction by Justinian in the sixth century
Ali, Cheikhmous. "Recherches sur les représentations architecturales dans la glyptique du Proche-Orient ancien." Phd thesis, Université de Strasbourg, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00869944.
Full textMukdad, Anas. "Histoire de la recherche archéologique à Busrà (Syrie)." Paris 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA010520.
Full textBadinjki, Oubayda. "Histoire de la civilisation ancienne du monde arabe. Les figurines masculines en terre cuite en Syrie et au Liban au Néolithique et aux âges du Bronze. Etudes de cas." Thesis, Lille 3, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LIL3H020.
Full textWhy male figurines? Because archaeologists specializing in terracotta have generally targeted zoomorphic figurines and, among anthropomorphic figurines, representations of women. Until now, there is no exhaustive and detailed catalog of terracotta male models. In this vast field of investigation, I have selected two periods : Prehistory, to go back to the origins and think about the creation of terracotta male figurines, and the Bronze Age, the apogee time for this type of production. This thesis deals so with the study of terracotta male figurines (modeled figurines, molded figures and molds). The objective of this study is to make a corpus of terracotta male figurines, because there is no satisfactory body of work, to classify them, to analyze them technically, artistically, and to interpret them, and finally publishing the unpublished figures preserved in the Louvre Museum.The research problems are the following : the figurines were used as toys, as decorative elements in homes, or as amulets? Should they be related to religious customs or rites? How can one interpret the discovery of male figurines in temples? in tombs and houses, whatever thetechnique that has allowed them to spread, the general question is always the same : for what purpose did the craftsman or the user make them? The answers vary according to the chronology, since the subject covers a very long period. According to the places and archaeological contexts and of course depending on the typology, because male figures may have different positions (sitting/standing), different gestures, different types of clothing, attributes (especially weapons). Researchers have proposed a wide variety of choices, sometimes on a hypothetical basis, ethnographic comparisons, and reconciliation with literary, artistic or funerary traditions. Undoubtedly, whatever the role of these figurines, they were considered important objects in everyday life during the Neolithic period, such as pottery, stone tools and other "utilitarian" objects, and important objects, especially in religious and magical activities, during the Bronze Age
Chok, Anna. "Khirbet el-Libneh : Études architecturale et archéologique des vestiges protobyzantins (Tartous - Syrie)." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AIXM3031.
Full textThe first archaeological evidences for the complex of Khirbet el-Libneh were exposed in 1997 in the industrial zone of Tartous (on the Syrian coast). Indeed, nine excavations carried out under the direction of the DGAM between 1998 and 2009, led to the partial discovery of an early Byzantine settlement. The remains, scattered over an area of 11400 m², consist mainly of a large basilica decorated with geometric mosaics, an agricultural complex (oil press, bread ovens and a mil) and a cistern. One of the most iteresting discoveries is a seal that have a mark of a religious icon.Further surveys will be needed before we can portray a full picture of the complex and its contents. In the, meantime, the available data serve as the souce material of this PhD thesis
Khawam, Rima. "L'Homme et la mort au néolithique précéramique B : l'exemple de Tell Aswad." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LYO20133.
Full textTell Aswad, located 30 km East/South-East of Damascus, is a nearly 6 hectares tell not exceeding 4,5 meters height above the great lacustrian plain surrounding. The whole stratigraphy of the site dates from PPNB (8200-7500 B.C.), it's a reference site for the Central Levant because of the farmer/cattle breeder population showing connections between Southern and Northern Levant. The ancient PPNB levels, poorly understood in South Levant, give to the site an important historical status on a regional level. Thus, Tell Aswad offers us a rare documentation used for a better understanding of the PPNB period origins in the area and the cultural identities corresponding. The data are especially rich for the funeral practices. More than 119 individuals have been excavated spread on the entire occupation. Our results indicate the presence of a diachronic continuity of the funeral practices throughout the occupation due to an ancestral tradition. They reveal the use of simple burials but also specificity in the multiple burials by means of the skull withdrawal. Both models result from a selective choice imposed by the social system (hierarchical), indicating how the deceased had to be buried. The variability inside the skull treatment including the modeled skulls correspond to "ritual" and funerary practices highly culturalized. They reflect a social order and a group integrity materializing one of the major feature of the cultural identity of Neolithic PPNB society in Tell Aswad. Studying the spatial organization of the burials during the PPNB occupation of Tell Aswad reveals changes in burial sites, from burials in the house inside the family unit until the creation of specific area dedicated to funerary practices. The spatial organization of these areas becomes for our research a supplementary testimony of the social organization in the site
Lazzarini, Catherine Marie. "Les tombes royales et les tombes de prestige en Mésopotamie et en Syrie du Nord au Bronze Ancien." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LYO20023/document.
Full textThe royal tombs and the tombs of prestige are specific of a group detaining a regional power or local power. We have identified archaeological traits in the Syrian and Mesopotamian Early Bronze Age context which could distinguish the prestige tombs from the others. These formal features are the monumental architecture, the specific location of the prestige tombs and the group of graves associated, and the grave goods. The wealth of the deposition and the structure are characteristics of the prestige tombs and it constitutes complex signs integrated in an ideological discourse. Thus, an anthropological perspective has been essential to appreciate the social implication of the elite funerary practices. As others main events in the society, funerary practices of prestige are rituals and social practices which play a role in the representation of the elite power and in the structure of the society. The royal tombs and the tombs of prestige are social instruments of ideological manipulation; the funerary practices are integrated in social discourse through rituals in order to reproduce and maintain social structure and justify the elite power
Asslan, Hala. "La ville de Ǧabala de l'époque fatimide à l'époque mamelouke : étude archéologique, architecturale et historique." Paris, EPHE, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011EPHE4001.
Full textThis thesis focuses on the story of a town Jableh, located on the Syrian side of the Mediterranean, from the Fatimid era to the Mamluk era. The study is organized around two themes: historical and architectural. The first part deals with the history of Jableh since its occupation by the Fatimid, and its re-occupation by the Byzantines, then its return to the hands of Muslims under the control of the Shia state of Bano Ammar of Tripoli. After that, the city was under the rule of Salah al-Din and his heirs, then the Mamluks had control over it until the year 1516; the time of its capture by the Ottomans. The second part focuses on the architecture of the city by addressing a serious investigation of its Christian religious ruins, and its Islamic historical buildings (the Mosque of al-Sultan Ibrahim, al-Mansuri and Hammam al-Tasṣawir). Thus, a map of the city at the end of the Mamluk era will be designed according to its buildings. Together this information will help in putting a special study for the architectural view of the Islamic city, Jableh
Couronné, Mathilde. "Les sanctuaires polythéistes d’Europos-Doura : recueil de données et pistes de réflexion." Thesis, Paris 4, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA040103.
Full textNineteen religious buildings have been excavated in the Greek town of Europos-Dura (Syria). The dissertation examines the thirteen polytheistic shrines built before the Roman occupation of the city (165-265 AD). It is composed of a catalogue and a general study. The catalogue updates what we know about these temples, comparing often incomplete or superficial publications already available and new field observations made in the framework of the Franco-Syrian Mission of Europos-Dura (MFSED). The general study, divided into four parts, considers the features of all these buildings. The first part deals with the architecture of the monuments. The second part consists in the study of the different stylistic influences which can be observed in the buildings. The third part shows how the gods and the believers occupied the sacred space. Finally, the fourth part presents the ritual practices of the town. This study therefore reveals a new aspect of the religion of Europos-Dura
Jwejati, Rafah. "Sur le chemin de Jérusalem : étude archéologique et iconographique de mosaïques paléochrétiennes de la Syrie du Nord." Thesis, McGill University, 2009. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=115612.
Full textThe mosaic of Temanaa features the cosmographic representations of late antique Near East. With the mosaic of Beseqla, we find the earliest dated example of a decorated pavement of a paleochristian baptistery. Tell Aar is the fragmentary mosaic of an unusually early example of a five-aisle transept basilica housing apostolic remains.
The exceptional quality of these documents demonstrates how close attention to material history can effectively increase our knowledge of the growth and expansion of early Christianity.
Beaudry, Nicolas. "La basilique de Ras el Bassit : une église paléochrétienne sur la côte de Syrie du nord." Paris 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA010580.
Full textLaporte, Marc-Antoine. "Identification des sources des matières premières basaltiques et andésitiques d'intérêt archéologique du Nord-Est de la Syrie et du Japon central : apport de la pétrographie et de la géochimie." Thesis, Université Laval, 2009. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2009/26206/26206.pdf.
Full textRousset, Marie-Odile. "Contribution à l'étude de la céramique islamique : analyse du matériel archéologique de RAHBA - MAYADIN (Syrie, vallée de l'Euphrate)." Phd thesis, Université Lumière - Lyon II, 1997. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00280710.
Full textLa période des Xe-XIe siècles, mal connue sur d'autres sites, est relativement bien représentée à Rahba. Un atelier de fabrication de céramique en est la principale illustration. L'étude des produits a permis de mettre en évidence des influences perses. Leur répartition, dans la moyenne vallée de l'Euphrate, correspond au territoire dominé par les Mirdasides, pendant la période d'indépendance de Rahba.
Pour la période de la fin du XIe au XIIIe siècle, les plans des bâtiments mis au jour sont originaux : à l'époque seljoukide - zankide, les maisons, de plan carré, sont organisées autour d'une cour centrale sur laquelle s'ouvrent des iwans. Ces plans sont très proches de modèles afghans. Leur évolution à l'époque ayyoubide reflète le souci d'adapter les logements à une concentration de la population.
Le grand bâtiment sondé au pied de la citadelle, dans la seconde ville de Rahba, est un exemple d'architecture publique, probablement une mosquée.
Enfin, l'analyse de la place de Rahba au sein des différentes zones de distribution des céramiques, à travers les époques, met en valeur l'évolution des échanges économiques dans la moyenne vallée de l'Euphrate et l'importance des ensembles géopolitiques successifs.
Babour, Taos. "Traditions céramiques en Jezira occidentale au IIIe mill. av. J.-C. : la poterie du secteur B de Tell Chuera." Thesis, Paris 4, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA040045.
Full textThe study of the pottery coming from a production area (Area B) associated with economic activities of one of the main temples of Tell Chuera (Northern Syria) provides insight into the production, the distribution and the use of ceramics at this urban center, in 2500 BC. After providing an overview of the geographical, historical and historiographical framework, this study presents a synthesis focusing on the specific features of the EJZ 3 assemblages in the Western Jezira and in the neighboring regions. This aims to collect available data on the production, the distribution and the function of pottery in these different regions. The technological, archaeometric and morphological analysis of the pottery from Area B clearly shows the specialization of productions at this time. However, the potters of Tell Chuera only partially mastered the use of the wheel. Inaddition to the choices made due to shaping technical constraints of some forms, this analysis also highlight the techno- and morpho-functional characteristics of certain pottery, particularly those used for storage and cooking. The morphometry of the containers, however, allows a quite limited functional approach and emphasizes their multifunctional nature. Except for a few areas, where installations and small finds provide information on the activities carried out there, the content of the vases found in situ remains unknown. Nevertheless, the comparative study of the pottery highlights interregional exchanges and the importation of commodities at Tell Chuera from the Karababa basin
Bonilauri, Stéphanie. "Les outils du Paléolithique moyen, une mémoire technique oubliée ? Approche techno-fonctionnelle appliquée à un assemblage lithique de conception Levallois provenant du site d’Umm el Tlel (Syrie centrale)." Thesis, Paris 10, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA100183.
Full textRésumé anglais non disponible
Genequand, Denis. "Les élites omeyyades en Palmyrène : contribution à l'étude des aspects fonctionnels et économiques des établissements aristocratiques omeyyades du Bilad al-Sham." Paris 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA010527.
Full textVigouroux, Elodie. "Damas après Tamerlan. Étude historique et archéologique d'une renaissance (1401-1481)." Thesis, Paris 4, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA040278.
Full textDuring winter 1400, the turco-mongolian conqueror Timur Lang/Tamerlane occupies Damascus. InMarch 1401, after the departure of his troops, the city is destroyed and forsaken. Historic sourcesand studies present this event as a cataclysm, however, the impact of the mongolian horde on thecity has to be examined. It is necessary to estimate the condition of Damascus, before and after thisepisode. The crossing of data presented by the historic sources leads us to offer a renewed vision ofthe events. Then, the study of the revival of the city, thanks to a new approach and a newperspective, permits to discern its rhythm, its mechanisms and its central characters. Thisinvestigation is possible through the examination of the available historic texts and the unpublisheddocuments, bringing the light on the stakes of the reconstruction at the beginning of the XVthcentury. In order to complete the evaluation of the real impact of the occupation of the city, a newexamination of the consequences the deportation of Damascus craftsmen towards Samarkand iscrucial. This trauma is actually seen as the origin of an economic decline of the city and also as thecause of the disappearance of its architectural tradition. The analysis of very monument conducts tobring to light the building’s characteristics throughout the reconstruction. Trying to differ from toposand pathos inherent to the narratives of the events, this work thus combines the examination of thedamage affecting the townscape, the analysis of the economic aspects of the reconstruction, and thestudy of the architectural data, in order to measure the real consequences of Tamerlane presence inDamascus
Gernez, Guillaume. "L'armement en métal au Proche et Moyen-Orient : des origines à 1750 av. J.-C." Phd thesis, Université Panthéon-Sorbonne - Paris I, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00339404.
Full textL'histoire de l'apparition et de l'évolution des armes métalliques répond à une série de besoins, de possibilités et de contraintes qui sont principalement liées à 3 facteurs :
- le matériau, qui permet la réalisation de formes complexes et parfaitement adaptées à un usage souhaité, dont la solidité et l'efficacité peuvent atteindre de haut degrés en fonction des compétences des artisans.
- les stratégies militaires et leurs innovations, qui sont en constante interaction avec les possibilités matérielles (quantitatives et qualitatives) et l'environnement social et politique à différentes échelles (contrôle palatial ou système moins hiérarchisé, périodes d'insécurité ou de guerre ouverte, etc.)
- les traditions artisanales et culturelles. L'accumulation des savoir-faire est pondérée par les refus d'emprunts et surtout les choix culturels. Ces derniers sont au cœur de la problématique envisagée. En effet, les formes et les types sont en lien direct avec une préférence qui n'est souvent pas régie par une contrainte technique, mais plutôt par une volonté identitaire.
Nous avons choisi d'orienter nos recherches en prenant en compte autant que possible l'ensemble de ces problèmes en toile de fond. Cependant, la principale base documentaire est constituée d'un vaste corpus d'armes en métal.
Aucune synthèse générale n'avait encore été menée jusqu'ici, chacune étant concentrée sur une période, une région et/ou une forme bien précise. Il nous semblait pertinent d'étudier le phénomène dans son ensemble, à la fois sur la longue durée et sur une aire géographique large.
Afin de connaître et de comprendre les modalités d'apparition, de développement et de diffusion des formes et des types d'armes, il est apparu nécessaire de mettre en place une base de données permettant de gérer la documentation à la fois riche et variée. Plus de 6130 armes sont répertoriées et le plus souvent illustrées, sur un espace s'étendant de la mer Égée jusqu'à la Bactriane, du Caucase au delta du Nil et de Chypre au Golfe arabo-persique, et ce du milieu du Ve au début du IIe millénaire avant notre ère.
La base de données s'organise en une soixantaine de champs correspondants aux principaux éléments descriptifs des objets, mais également de leurs contextes. À côté des données intrinsèques (morphologie, dimensions, composition), extrinsèques (région, structure, assemblage, contexte) et documentaires (bibliographie), des résultats analytiques sont essentiels (typologie, chronologie). La base de données a été intégrée à un SIG, permettant ainsi une cartographie variée et évolutive de la répartition des armes sur plus de 620 sites.
Les résultats de l'analyse typochronologique et de la répartition des armes permettent d'appréhender l'évolution, la transmission et les échanges de façon dynamique. La complexité entrevue et les nombreuses nuances observées témoignent d'une évolution non linéaire liée à des facteurs techniques, conceptuels et sociopolitiques en constante interaction.
Bien qu'inégalement réparties dans le temps et l'espace, les données iconographiques livrent des informations précieuses à la fois sur la perception, l'utilisation militaire et le rapport culturel à l'armement.
Enfin, pour ne pas restreindre cette recherche aux seuls enjeux matériels, une large part de l'étude est consacrée aux divers contextes, en particulier les dépôts et les tombes. Les données funéraires sont en effet très variées et offrent la possibilité d'établir le degré de relations entre les armes et les hommes.
En réalisant cette synthèse globale de l'évolution des armes métalliques depuis les origines jusqu'au milieu de l'âge du Bronze, nous avons tenté, à travers l'analyse exhaustive des objets et du contexte de leur découverte, de comprendre les trajectoires, les échanges et les transferts techniques et conceptuels au sein des sociétés du Proche et du Moyen-Orient. Cette recherche, volontairement entreprise sur un espace géographique vaste et sur la longue durée, nous a surtout permis de nous interroger sur des thèmes dépassant le cadre matériel, tels que l'identité, les mécanismes de diffusion des techniques et des savoirs, le conservatisme face à l'innovation, ainsi que la diversité culturelle des sociétés de l'Orient ancien.
Bakour, Dina. "L'univers visuel Umayyade : les reliefs ornementaux de Qaṣr al-Ḥayr al-Gharbī conservés dans les réserves de la Direction Générale des Antiquités et des Musées syriens." Thesis, Paris 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA01H004.
Full text"The Umayyad visual universe: the ornamental reliefs of Qaṣr al-Ḥayr al-Gharbī preserved in storage of the General Directorate of Antiquities and Museums" comes in 2 volumes: volume I which is the manuscript that summarizes all the research. It is composed of two parts: the first part, entitled « Qaṣr al-Ḥayr al-Gharbī :history and architecture" and the second part entitled "Towards a new look at the decorative and representative program of Qaṣr al-Ḥayr al-Gharbī". Volume II is a catalog that presents the iconography of our study by adding photos of objects and sites. Since 1936, when Daniel Sclumberger began his excavations in the Qaṣr al-Ḥayr al-Gharbī site, and until now, the thousands of fragments embedded in the corpus of the decorative program of the palace of al-Ḥayr al-Gharbī could not be fully identified to make them available to researchers. We will try to answer as possible about the origin of the designers and craftsmen who realized this impressive decorative program, on the techniques and the materials used, on the symbolic details of the ornamental motifs, etc. Our research will show that Qaṣr al-Ḥayr al-Gharbī’s ornamental program calls for serenity, without any sign of violence and war, it is completed, varied and artistically rich. The objective of these two volumes is based on the testimony of a meeting between two cultures and the exceptional relationship that has developed between newcomers and natives, whose legacy can be measured in Bilād al-Sām. Both an exceptional bilateral consensual relationship and a remarkable cultural evolution