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Journal articles on the topic 'Architects, Turkish'
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1
Kadıoğlu, Ayşe. "The pathologies of Turkish republican laicism." Philosophy & Social Criticism 36, no. 3-4 (March 2010): 489–504. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0191453709358835.
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This article reveals the pathologies of the Turkish republican project of laicism by focusing on the differences between the ideas of Ziya Gökalp and the leading architects of this project. Ziya Gökalp reasoned within the logic of the empire and envisioned a synthesis among Turkism, westernism and Islam. The logic of the republic à la Turca, on the other hand, was shaped by a radical break from Islam. The distaste that the architects of the republican laicist project had developed towards Islam became apparent during the years between 1920 and 1925. Accordingly, the republican project of laicism nurtured a highly visible control of the state over religion rather than a separation between the affairs of the state and religion. This article also discusses the possibilities of reforming the republican project of laicism that is congenial with democratization processes in Turkey.
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Damci, Atilla, David Arditi, Gul Polat, and Harun Turkoglu. "Motivation of civil engineers and architects in Turkey." Organization, Technology and Management in Construction: an International Journal 12, no. 1 (March 25, 2020): 2044–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/otmcj-2020-0001.
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AbstractMotivation is one of the key factors that stimulate individuals to improve their productivity. Therefore, motivation of construction workers has been debated with considerable interest by participants in the construction industry. However, motivating only construction workers, but ignoring the motivation of construction professionals, viz., architects and civil engineers, may not be enough to successfully complete a construction project. Although motivation of construction professionals may also enhance the performance of a construction project, this topic is mostly ignored in the motivation literature. This study attempts to fill this gap by (1) identifying the motivators that are of importance to architects and civil engineers and (2) exploring the statistical difference between architects’ and civil engineers’ motivators. For this purpose, a questionnaire survey was administered to Turkish architects and civil engineers to collect data on their perceptions of the importance of different motivators. The case of Turkey is investigated because several of the larger Turkish contractors undertake construction projects outside their home country. Statistical analysis was performed on the collected data to verify whether there are statistically significant differences in the perception of some motivators by architects and civil engineers. The study demonstrates the existence of a statistically significant difference between architects’ and civil engineers’ motivators. Identifying the architects’ and civil engineers’ motivators may help construction companies in motivating their architects and civil engineers more effectively, thus developing a quality workforce.
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Akgün, Atacan, and Hakan Yaman. "Exploring Knowledge Workers in the Turkish Construction Sector." Periodica Polytechnica Architecture 51, no. 2 (November 27, 2020): 149–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.3311/ppar.16015.
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This research focuses on evaluating the potential of architects/engineers as Knowledge Workers (KW) operating in the Turkish construction sector. A survey to identify the presence of KWs was prepared and applied to 113 of 324 employees, including architects and engineers from 138 different large-scale Turkish contractor companies (head offices, design offices, technical offices and construction sites). The survey consists of two main sections that (1) recognise the profile of the participants and companies and (2) six sub-sections as communication, motivation, autonomy, possessing theoretical and practical knowledge, ability to access and use information, and intellectual ability. The results of the survey indicate that architects have a higher potential to be identified as KWs than engineers in the Turkish construction sector. Furthermore, the number of KWs among the design and head office workers is higher, because there are a higher number of architects working in these departments.The potential of being a KW increases in parallel to the level of education of the employees, which is determined from a Bachelor's degree and PhD degree. When examining gender statistics in the survey, women employees have higher scores than men. The findings of this study should guide the construction sector professionals in Turkey as well as those from other countries who seek to identify the KWs in the contractor companies. This research, with the approach and methodology, may provide better management of human resources by identifying and placing these valuable employees correctly.
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Celebi, Merve, and Deniz Hasirci. "Childhood homes of interior architects in Turkey." Global Journal of Arts Education 10, no. 1 (February 28, 2020): 93–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.18844/gjae.v10i1.5331.
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The design of home interiors is important for an individual, especially in childhood, when one’s character and psychological development is in progress. In this study, the aim is to explore the social and physical aspects of childhood homes of interior architects and their effects on their professional lives, and to understand the possible reflections of these special places on their current designs. Within this framework, the study was conducted with eight internationally recognised Turkish interior architects, with online interviews and sketchbooks, depending on the memories of the participants’ childhood homes, and data were obtained regarding the interpretation of these special places, as well as their influence on their current design approaches and productions. Findings included understanding which aspects of the participants’ homes were conveyed to their current productions in terms of preferences, approach and style. The results have implications on the interior architecture profession as well as interior architecture education.
Keywords: Childhood home environment, Turkish interior architects.
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Erman, Tahire, Burçak Altay, and Can Altay. "Architects and the Architectural Profession in the Turkish Context." Journal of Architectural Education 58, no. 2 (November 2004): 46–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/1046488042485394.
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ÖRMECİOĞLU, Hilal Tuğba. "Transfer of Technology and Formation of the Technical Language: The Case of Turkish Terminology of Architecture." International Journal of Social, Political and Economic Research 7, no. 4 (December 23, 2020): 1040–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.46291/ijospervol7iss4pp1040-1050.
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Turks are a moving nation that traveled around different geographies until they came to Anatolia 1000 years ago. During this move they met different societies and adopted different customs and phrases from these societies. At the point when they began to construct new settlements; they welcomed planners and architects from the neighboring countries. In this way, various professional terminology is transferred into Turkish along with new building types and building techniques. Turkish language became a medium for them which can give clues about this history, since it is a living thing affected by the changing environments and encountering diverse factors. The aim of this study is to uncover these clues by using the etymological traces. Nevertheless, following the etymological traces of foreign terminology transferred from Persian, Arabic, or other languages in architecture from Turkish lexicons, would uncover the Asian, Middle Eastern, and European connections of Turkish architecture and construction sector.
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Numan, Ibrahim, and Revianto Budi Santosa. "Educating Architects in Turkish Culture, Gains and Loses: A Historical Perspective." SHS Web of Conferences 41 (2018): 02004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20184102004.
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Ottoman and Turkish architecture have exhibited a constancy and change in the course of history. Nevertheless these changes can only be understood by taking architectural education into account. Here it will be tried to discuss the gains and losses between the increase in the degree of architectural education/specialized knowledge and the blindness to the value judgements of the society and their reflection on the Turkish architecture. The edifice can not be separated from the architect, architect from the society; society and education from the idea. An architect is educated by society. Architect in turn is the product of the common idea of the civilisation he or she is affiliated to. Even a small diversity in the depth of belief or change in the approach in life style brings a deviation in the understanding of arts and architecture consequently architectural education also experience gains and losses along with it.
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Tomlinson, R. A. "Architectural pieces in stone in the collection of the British School at Athens." Annual of the British School at Athens 95 (November 2000): 473–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0068245400004767.
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The 29 pieces are described and illustrated. Apart from the Ionic capital fragment excavated by the School at Kynosarges, they probably come from a collection made in the nineteenth century by George Finlay, as older Turkish buildings in Athens were demolished. Most are of minor importance, but parallels are adduced from Corinthian capitals in Athens and Corinth. Later capitals belonged to a Turkish house recorded by Danish architects in 1835 and 1851.
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Erkarslan, Özlem Erdoğdu. "Turkish Women Architects in the Late Ottoman and Early Republican Era, 1908–1950." Women's History Review 16, no. 4 (September 2007): 555–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09612020701445966.
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Numan, Ibrahim, and Revianto Budi Santosa. "Erratum to: Educating Architects in Turkish Culture, Gains and Loses: A Historical Perspective." SHS Web of Conferences 41 (2018): 02006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20184102006.
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Salgin, Burcu, Nilay Cosgun, Cahide Aydin Ipekci, and Tulay Tikansak Karadayi. "TURKISH ARCHITECTS' VIEWS ON CONSTRUCTION AND DEMOLITION WASTE REDUCTION IN THE DESIGN STAGE." Environmental Engineering and Management Journal 19, no. 3 (2020): 439–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.30638/eemj.2020.042.
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Atalan, Ozlem. "Research on the Fundamentals of Architectural Restoration Associate Degree Program." SHS Web of Conferences 48 (2018): 01063. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20184801063.
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Today, the effects of globalization can be easily seen in many areas in the world. In the changing process, both Architectural education and side branches need various updates. The "Architectural Restoration Program", which is one of these branches of Architectural education, aims to provide to the sector “Technicians” and educates “Architect Candidates”. The "Architectural Restoration Associate Degree Program" is a two year degree. In this context, the importance of this program’s course curriculums is great. The Program is aimed to train qualified technical personnel for cultural assets that are common heritage of mankind which must be transferred to future generations. Program’s graduates work in the laboratories, on the construction site and office, in the archaeological excavation, as a technical staff with architects. In this study, the relationship between “Architectural Education” and the basic objectives of the “Architectural Restoration Program” is examined. In this study, various Turkish and American universities’ "Architectural Restoration Program" module details will be subject for a further examination and evaluation
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Yalçınkaya Çalışkan, Fadime, and Emrah Acar. "An exploratory analysis of continuing professional development perspectives of Turkish architects according to career stages." Architectural Engineering and Design Management 12, no. 5 (April 28, 2016): 381–406. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17452007.2016.1179621.
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Reisman, Arnold, and Ismail Capar. "The German-Speaking Diaspora in Turkey: Exiles From Nazism as Architects of Modern Turkish Education (1933–1945)." Diaspora, Indigenous, and Minority Education 1, no. 3 (July 30, 2007): 175–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15595690701394782.
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Keyman, E. Fuat. "Globalization, modernity and democracy: In search of a viable domestic polity for a sustainable Turkish foreign policy." New Perspectives on Turkey 40 (2009): 7–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0896634600005197.
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AbstractIn recent years. Turkey has initiated a proactive, multi-dimensional and constructive foreign policy in many areas, ranging from contributing to peace and stability in the Middle East, to playing an active role in countering terrorism and extremism, from becoming a new “energy hub” to acting as one of the architects of “the inter-civilization dialogue initiative” aiming at producing a vision of the world, based on dialogue, tolerance and living together. Thus, there has been an upsurge of interest in, and a global attraction to, Turkey and its contemporary history. Moreover, the global attraction to Turkey has stemmed not only from the geopolitical identity of Turkey, as a strong state with the capacity to function as a “geopolitical security hinge” in the intersection of the Middle East, the Balkans and the Caucasian regions, but also from its cultural identity as a modern national formation with parliamentary democratic governance, secular constitutional structure and mainly Muslim population. Furthermore, as the world has become more globalized, more interdependent and more risky, this new foreign policy identity entailed the employment of not only geopolitics but also identity and economy. Thus, geopolitics, modernity and democracy have become the constitutive dimensions of Turkish foreign policy today This paper explores the ways in which the increasing role and visibility of “soft power” in Turkish foreign policy operates, and suggests that to be sustainable, Turkish foreign policy, relying on soft power, should go hand in hand with the process of the consolidation of Turkish democracy, and also accept and put into practice Turkey-EU relations as the main axis of proactiveness and constructiveness.
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Zelef, M. Haluk. "Eastern in the West, Western in the East: Deliberate and Ambivalent Facets of the Identity of Early Republican Turkey Abroad." New Perspectives on Turkey 50 (2014): 93–144. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0896634600006592.
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AbstractThis paper represents an attempt to reflect on the Turkish identity in the formation period of the Republic, from its constitution in 1923 until 1939. The discussion is focused around two buildings that were constructed in 1939, both of which were built abroad to represent the new state; the Embassy of Turkey in Tehran and the Turkish pavilion at the New York World’s Fair. These buildings were both featured in the same issue of the architectural magazine Mimar, and offer a fruitful starting point for delving into historical and theoretical issues in identity discourse. That said, the paper goes beyond merely analyzing the different formal vocabularies and personalities of the different architects and patrons involved in commissioning these structures. Rather than addressing only the different cultural and architectural responses to the contemporary national identity debate, the paper will also consider the question of whether the host countries and the addressees of these rather symbolic buildings also had a role in their design and evaluation stages. In other words, the study aims to understand how representation in a location in the “West” or in the “East” affects the identity of a nation characterized by its duality of “West” and “East.”
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GÜürel, Meltem Ö. "Modernization and the Role of Foreign Experts:." Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians 77, no. 2 (June 1, 2018): 204–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/jsah.2018.77.2.204.
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Modernization and the Role of Foreign Experts: W. M. Dudok's Projects for Izmir, Turkey, focuses on Dudok's unrealized mid-twentieth-century projects for Izmir, viewing them within the context of foreign architects’ and planning experts’ entanglements in Turkish modernization. Using recently uncovered materials (scaled drawings, sketches, photographs, notes, maps, and letters) from the Dudok archives at the Netherlands Architecture Institute, Rotterdam, and Ahmet Piriştina City Archive and Museum, Izmir, Meltem Ö. Gürel opens a window into the postwar era's complex landscape of intersecting local and global architectural cultures. Analysis of these documents sheds light on modernization's ubiquitous impact on architecture and urbanism, and exposes the changing roles of international (i.e., European and American) experts operating in Turkey before and after World War II.
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Akcan, Esra. "Translations in Architecture." International Journal of Middle East Studies 45, no. 3 (July 30, 2013): 578–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020743813000524.
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In a recently discovered photograph of German architect Bruno Taut's retrospective exhibition at the Istanbul Academy of Fine Arts, which opened on 4 June 1938, Taut in-exile stands with Erica Taut and his assistant Şinasi Lugal in front of a display (see Figure 1). What interests me in this image is not so much the frontal figures who posed for it as the documentary value of the exhibit in the background, the photographs inside the photograph. These images display Taut's Siedlungen (residential settlements/collective housing projects), designed and constructed as part of the Berlin Housing Program (1924–33) just before Taut was exiled from Germany due to the rise of National Socialism. After stays in Russia and Japan, Taut moved to Turkey, where he became head of the Architecture Department at the Istanbul Academy. Through a seminar and a studio he taught on Siedlung, he participated in a translation of the idea of collective housing that would shape the discursive space and practice of architecture in Turkey for decades to come. Most of the images in the exhibition were taken by the now-famous photographer Arthur Köster. The exhibit bears witness to the fact that Turkish architects were exposed not only to the influential Siedlungen of the Weimar period in Germany but also to their soon-to-be canonical photographs earlier than most of their colleagues around the world.
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Aydınlık, Sevil, and Hıfsiye Pulhan. "Education in Conflict: Postwar School Buildings of Cyprus." Open House International 44, no. 2 (June 1, 2019): 68–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ohi-02-2019-b0009.
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The terms cyprus, conflict, crisis and war have been almost inextricably intertwined throughout the history of this Mediterranean island. The education system played an important role socially and school buildings played an important role visually first in the dissemination of nationalism when the ethno-nationalist movements within the turkish and greek-cypriot communities increased dramatically under British colonial rule (1878-1960), and later in the dissemination of internationalism in the mid-twentieth century. Despite the increased conflict and nationalism, which was reflected by neo-greek architectural elements, the striking impact of the international style turned school buildings into representations of the communities' attitudes towards modernism. By the mid-1940s these attitudes towards modernism also served as a latent way for communities' identity struggles and for the sovereignty of each community to exist. After world war ii the style embodied by many school buildings conveyed science-based modern thought; modernization attempts for political, economic and social reforms; and the strong commitment of the first modernist cypriot architects to the spirit of the time and the philosophy of the modern. Under this scope, postwar school buildings in cyprus are identified as unique artifacts transformed from an ‘ethnicity-based' image into an ‘environment-based' form that is more associated with the modernization, decolonization and nation-building processes from which local nuances of mainstream modernism emerged. At this point the modernization process of the state, identity struggles of the communities and architects' modernist attempts could be interpreted as providing a fertile ground for new social and architectural experiments, and could answer questions about how postwar school architecture managed to avoid reference to historical, ethnic and religious identities when there was an intentional exacerbation of hostility between the two ethnic communities and about school buildings predominantly followed principles of the international style even though both the greek and turkish-cypriot education systems were instrumental in strengthening local nationalisms and even ethnic tensions.
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ATANUR, Gul. "SPACE AND MEANING CHANGE IN URBANIZATION AND MODERNIZATION PROCESS: An Urban Park in the First Capital of the Ottoman Empire." International Journal of Architectural Research: ArchNet-IJAR 9, no. 1 (March 18, 2015): 247. http://dx.doi.org/10.26687/archnet-ijar.v9i1.497.
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The foundations of Westernization Movement in Turkey were laid in late Ottoman Empire. Following the fall of the Ottoman Empire and the proclamation of the republic, urban space became highly important and modernist architects from the west planned a large number of Turkish cities. The concept of urban park was introduced and parks became significant components of modern life in this period. Bursa, too, was influenced by this movement; it was planned by western planners and an urban park was built. However, the meaning of urban parks within the ideal of modern life in Turkey and in Bursa has changed over time. This study is based on urban development periods in Turkey and it presents the change Bursa Kültürpark in Bursa, the early modern city of Turkey, underwent during the process from modernization to globalization.
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Willert, Sebastian. "Mapping Damascus during the First World War. A German-Ottoman Cooperation of Cartography, Archaeology and Military?" Proceedings of the ICA 3 (August 6, 2021): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ica-proc-3-12-2021.
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Abstract. In 1916, the German museum director and archaeologist Theodor Wiegand travelled to the Near East and became “Inspector General of Antiquities in Syria” as head of the 19th Bureau within the IV Ottoman Army under Ahmed Cemal Pasha. In the post-war period the formation was called “German Turkish Commando for Monument Protection”, though it consisted mainly of German archaeologists and architects who dedicated themselves to the preservation of antique sites and the collection of antiquities. To investigate the region, the scientists also used Bavarian Flying-Detachments and had aerial photographs taken. The Commando enquired, preserved, and surveyed ancient sites. However, the scientists were also involved in mapping important sites and cities such as Damascus. For this purpose, the archaeologists not only conducted trigonometrical surveys but also used aerial photographs to complement the results taken on the ground.Against the background of the German-Ottoman cooperation and the involvement of experts such as archaeologists and architects, the paper analyses the – occasionally paradoxical – situation in which the actors dedicated themselves to map the city of Damascus. The contribution answers the question whether the map was developed to visualize ancient buildings and structures in Damascus for preservation purposes or was rather produced due to military objectives. In a helix of overlapping or rivalling aims and agendas of the German and Ottoman archaeology, military and politics it shows attempts, measures and intentions aiming at the production of maps during the First World War.
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Neci̇poğlu, Gülru. "The Scrutinizing Gaze in the Aesthetics of Islamic Visual Cultures: Sight, Insight, and Desire." Muqarnas Online 32, no. 1 (August 27, 2015): 23–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22118993-00321p04.
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The subjectivity of the gaze and its engagement with human experience had the capacity to incorporate the body, affect, sensation, and memory, thereby raising the status of the visual arts and architecture into potential sites of knowledge. This essay engages with the subject of the gaze and aesthetic experience by exploring the wonderment of the eye, the embodiment of vision through emotional states and desire, the disembodiment of the eye in introspective vision, and the cognitive capacity of sight to produce insight. Addressing these diverse yet interrelated themes, it considers the modalities of the gaze in new genres of Safavid and Ottoman texts on the arts and architecture, starting with their origin in medieval paradigms of visual perception and artistic creation. These more specialized sixteenth–seventeenth-century Persian and Turkish sources include treatises on the visual arts, album prefaces, biographies of architects, and biographical anthologies of calligraphers and painter-decorators.
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Török, Zsolt Győző. "Cartographic circles: maps of Hungary as the Habsburg-Ottoman military border in the 16th century." Proceedings of the ICA 3 (August 6, 2021): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ica-proc-3-11-2021.
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Abstract. The expansion of the Ottoman Empire became an all-European military problem after the 1526 battle of Mohács and the fall of the Kingdom of Hungary A huge zone of defence was constructed between the Habsburg and Ottoman powers, dividing the former country. The first map of the country (Lazarus, 1528) was printed to serve Habsburg, imperial and Christian propaganda. The printed maps in the first half of the 16th century were compiled by humanist scholars (Lazius, 1556), and their representations of the stage of the Turkish wars were circulated in European atlases (Ortelius, 1570). Although proper military maps were rare in the Renaissance, the systematic, military-purpose mapping of the border fortifications indicates a Habsburg military cartography. The cartographic workshop of the Angelinis, an Italian family of military architects in Vienna, produced systematic collections of plans, views and chorographic maps in the 1570s. Map historians rarely consider the transfer of cartographic information between different modes and audiences. In this paper, the exchanges between Renaissance humanistic, military and commercial mapping are studied by map examples. Emphasizing the functional and representational changes the cartographic processes implied we focus on the connections between the contemporary, public and printed and the secret and manuscript cartographies. To expand the scope of the study a cross-cultural example, the representations of the 1566 siege of Sziget on Venetian prints and Ottoman topographical miniatures are compared. The Ottoman-Habsburg conflict, the series of the Turkish wars in Rumelia in 16th century exemplifies an appropriate context for the early-modern cartography of Hungary as a transitional and contested war zone.
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Kaçel, Ela. "Information or Culture: The Intellectual Dissemination of Americanism as Common Sense." New Perspectives on Turkey 50 (2014): 171–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0896634600006610.
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AbstractThe discourse of postwar modern architecture is dominated by historical accounts that easily describe the processes of modernization in Turkey during the Cold War as a unilateral flow of ideas and expertise from the United States. Yet, the relation between benefactor and beneficiary is much more complex. This article explores culture production as a state function and intellectual practice through which bureaucrats and intellectuals representing the state agencies disseminated Americanism as common sense in postwar Turkey. Drawing on the cultural activities of two parallel organizations, the Turkish Information Office (TIO) acting in New York and the United States Information Service (USIS) in Turkey, it illustrates how the intricate relations among ideology, politics, and architecture affect the practices of bureaucrats and their audiences in the process of culture production. Promoting ideologies of Americanism, these organizations simultaneously popularized American architects and their buildings to their audiences. The comparative analysis of two case studies, the photo book Talking Turkey by the TIO and the Architecture Series of the Voice of America Forum Lectures, demonstrates how the division created between information and culture as two separate functions of foreign diplomacy perpetuated similar divisions in architectural discourse such as the iconic and the ordinary.
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Ozorhon, Ilker Fatih, and Turkan Ulusu Uraz. "NATURAL LIGHT AS A DETERMINANT OF THE IDENTITY OF ARCHITECTURAL SPACE." JOURNAL OF ARCHITECTURE AND URBANISM 38, no. 2 (July 8, 2014): 107–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/20297955.2014.916513.
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In this study, the effect of natural light on the architectural space quality was examined. Contribution of natural light in three different dimensions as the readability of the space, the effect of the space, and its aesthetical evaluation was taken into consideration and discussed in the given order. The study involves a review of the related architecture literature, various books, articles, essays, and opinions. The major objective of this research is to explain the place of natural light in architectural design and its different aspects through its functional and semantic dimensions in the space. In this respect, contributions of natural light to the identity of the space were examined based on three renowned Turkish architects and their significant works. The paper focuses on the contribution of natural light to the space, emphasizing its qualitative aspects; whereas its physical and measurable aspects are beyond the scope of the paper. The study demonstrates the importance of experiencing the space in terms of understanding the aspect of light that determines the space identity. It also stresses that buildings designed considering the use of natural light could turn out to be more original.
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Mesda, Yasemin. "Heat Transfer Coefficient Analysis of the Chamber of Cyprus Turkish Architects Office Building on the Zahra Street in the Walled City of Nicosia in Cyprus." Architecture Research 2, no. 4 (August 9, 2012): 47–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.5923/j.arch.20120204.03.
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Akalin, Aysu, Kemal Yildirim, Christopher Wilson, and Aysun Saylan. "Users' Evaluations of House FaÇades: Preference, Complexity and Impressivenes." Open House International 35, no. 1 (March 1, 2010): 57–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ohi-01-2010-b0006.
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This research solicits the opinions of the residents of the Keçiören district of Ankara, Turkey, in order to learn their preferences about their local postmodern environment where the municipality forces all contractors and architects to adhere to strict planning laws requiring Turkish folk and Islamic architectural references. The Municipality of Keçiören, as an agent of civil power, manages the architectural and urban transformation of the area from a district formerly composed of squatter housing to one comprised of, in the words of Robert Venturi, “decorated sheds,” in an effort to create a different looking environment rich in nostalgia and excitement. In this research, a total of 7 different sets of apartment façades were analyzed, with each set comprising three examples each of minimum complexity (representing the former condition of the district), intermediate complexity (representing “high” architecture designed by an architect, which does not exist in the district) and maximum complexity (representing the present postmodern condition of the district). The main hypothesis of the study was that preference rates would be high for intermediately altered “high style” houses by showing the existence of a U-shaped relationship between preference and complexity. That is, façades representing an intermediate level of complexity would be favored over less complex and more complex façades. It was also assumed that there would be a difference in the ratings of different age groups. A questionnaire was carried out with 50 adults (aged 30-45) and 50 high school students (aged 18-20) of Keçiören, who were asked to rate a total of 21 photographs from 7 apartment complexes with the help of a five-point semantic differential scales under three headings: preference, complexity and impressiveness. The results proved the existence of a U-shaped relationship between preference and complexity. On the other hand, younger respondents, compared to older respondents, gave more favorable ratings to the physical qualities of the photographed buildings.
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Subotic, Gojko. "Аn architectural workshop from the 2nd decade of the 15th century in the border regions of Bulgaria and Serbia." Zbornik radova Vizantoloskog instituta, no. 50-2 (2013): 811–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/zrvi1350811s.
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The Monastery of St. John Theologian near Pirot (Poganovo), best known for the icon of Miracle of Latomos (now in Sofia) and wall decoration from the end of the 15th century, was well examined and treated by conservators as a building complex, but is still insufficiently studied. The time of the creation of the monument and the identity of its founders, Constantine and Helena, whose names were engraved on the west facade, were variously interpreted, and the largest number of scholars were of the opinion that they were Constantine Dragas (Dejanovic) and his daughter Helena, wife of Emperor Manuel II (1391-1425). However, the persons in questions were members of the nobility of despotes Stefan, who got these areas from Sultan Mehmed I, after the Battle near Sofia in 1413. Architectural drawings and watercolors made by architects Mihailo Valtrovic and Dragutin Milutinovic, who visited the area around Trn after its liberation from Turkish rule in 1877-1878, made it possible to detect relationships with other monuments in the valley of Jerma, the Monastery of Archangel Michael in Trn and the Monastery of the Virgin in Mislovstica. Characteristic features of these churches - seven-sided dome and a manner of construction with stone, brick and mortar in the distinctive decorative type that cannot be found elsewhere - show that they were built by the same masters, members of an architectural workshop, in the second decade of the 15th century.
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Sezegen, Aysegul, and Ecem Edis. "Product innovation types: a discussion considering building facade products." Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management 27, no. 9 (May 2, 2020): 2379–408. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ecam-10-2018-0454.
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PurposeIn the construction industry, building facade systems are gaining significance as reflected in the number of facade product innovations available on the market. While research studies on the adoption of these facade product innovations are comparatively limited in number. An awareness of the advantages and impacts that a product innovation brings is critical in its adoption, and therefore the purpose of this paper is to develop a classification framework for the use of producers/vendors present the advantages and impacts of their innovative facade products to the architects.Design/methodology/approachThe study, in addition to literature review, consisted of four main steps without distinct boundaries, namely, (1) case study sample selection regarding facade products, (2) data collection through review of published documents, analysis of the data via content analysis and generation of a preliminary framework for the evaluation of facade product innovations, (3) further data collection through semi-structured interviews and analysis of the products and (4) redefining innovation types and finalizing classification framework through assessment of new facade products.FindingsInnovation types may vary according to the product groups under investigation and viewpoints of the classifications. Selected facade products were evaluated in terms of their specific characteristics through identified viewpoints: as a physical object and as an agent. It was revealed that assessing a product innovation in terms of changes in its structural composition and impact on other related physical objects/processes can change the type of innovation. Additionally, insights about improved characteristics specific to facade products, forms of change in these products and architects' new actions in the facade design process were obtained.Research limitations/implicationsOnly the products stated by the producers/vendors as being new to the Turkish market at the time they were introduced were evaluated in terms of all aspects proposed in the framework. For these products and others that were evaluated, the product data obtained from the producers/vendors have been deemed to be accurate. Research on equivalent products in the market has not been conducted.Originality/valueStudies identifying innovation types in the facade industry are very rare. The proposed framework can be regarded as a detailed investigation of product innovation types in the facade industry which offers component-system level improvement/change analysis. Moreover, it can be an effective tool for producers/vendors to ensure that architects have knowledge about their innovative products and their impacts on facade design and also to facilitate the adoption of these products.
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Kırlangıçoğlu, Cem, and Mehmet Fatih Döker. "Use of pedestrian simulation technologies in urban planning and architectural design process Şehir planlama ve mimari tasarım sürecinde yaya simülasyonu teknolojilerinin kullanımı." Journal of Human Sciences 15, no. 3 (July 30, 2018): 1491. http://dx.doi.org/10.14687/jhs.v15i3.5399.
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Urban planners and architects have used different design criteria by following project processes different from each other through the ages. The common point of all these projects has been functionality which is one of the most important criteria for human based design. Aesthetics, beauty and similar terms may be arguable but a non-functional spatial design must not be accepted. All spaces, cities, squares, parks, roads and buildings are designed for people. If these urban structures are not suitable for them, people will have serious problems in terms of general circulation. Therefore, ergonomics and functionality terms must be the basic design criteria of all human based urban planning and architectural design processes. How may it be possible to understand an urban design project or a building is functional before constructing it? The aim of this article is to explain the benefits of pedestrian simulation technologies through the design processes in both theoretical and practical frameworks on a case study area which is an underground metro station. A capacity analysis and circulation assessment has been carried out on the metro station by using Massmotion pedestrian simulation software. Extended English summary is in the end of Full Text PDF (TURKISH) file.ÖzetGeçmişten günümüze şehir planlama ve mimarlık alanında gerçekleştirilen çalışmalarda çeşitli tasarım kriterleri kullanılmış, birbirinden farklı planlama süreçleri izlenmiştir. İnsanların kullanımına yönelik gerçekleştirilen hemen hemen tüm çalışmaların en önemli ortak noktası ise ‘kullanışlılık’ olmuştur. Estetik, güzellik ve benzeri göreceli kavramlar tartışılabilir olmakla birlikte, insanların kullanımı için tasarlanan bir yapının fonksiyonel olmaması inşa sonrasında ciddi bir sorun teşkil edecektir. Planlanan kentler, meydanlar, yollar, yapılar kullanışlı olmadığı takdirde kullanıcılar sirkülasyon anlamında sıkıntılar yaşayacaklardır. Bu nedenle gerçekleştirilen tüm şehir planlama ve mimarlık çalışmalarında hem ergonomi hem de kullanışlılık konusuna çok dikkat edilmesi gerekmektedir. Peki, kentsel tasarımı yapılan bir proje alanının ya da mimarlar tarafından tasarlanan bir yapının fonksiyonel olup olmadığı daha inşa edilmeden nasıl anlaşılabilir? Bu çalışmanın amacı, son yıllarda gelişen yaya simülasyonu teknolojilerinin mimarlık ve planlama alanındaki projelerin tasarım değerlendirme süreçlerinde kullanımının yararlarını hem teorik açıdan ortaya koymak hem de gerçekleştirilen örnek bir uygulama üzerinde göstermektir. Çalışma kapsamında bir metro istasyonuna ilişkin mimari çizimler üzerinden kapasite analizi gerçekleştirilmiş, sirkülasyon açısından değerlendirme yapılmıştır. Yaya simülasyonu kapsamında gerekli analizlerin gerçekleştirilmesi amacıyla Massmotion yazılımı kullanılmıştır.
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Gümüş, M. Dila. "A Turkish Architect at Technical Unversity of Budapest: Semih Rüstem." Periodica Polytechnica Architecture 46, no. 1 (2015): 38–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.3311/ppar.8205.
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Lami, Blendi. "Influence of Turkish Foreign Policy in Albania." European Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies 4, no. 1 (January 21, 2017): 98. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/ejms.v4i1.p98-106.
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This paper inquires into the overall picture of the Turkish foreign policy toward Western Balkans, and especially Albania, on the geopolitical plan. It explores the new Turkish policy principles, Davotuglu’s strategic vision, and the extent to which the geopolitics of both Turkey and Albania inform Turkish foreign policy. This paper also delineates the perceptions of Albania towards Turkey’s foreign policy and contradictions of the same policy. According to Davutoglu, the architect of Turkish foreign policy, Turkey is a Middle Eastern, Balkan, Caucasian, Central Asian, Caspian, Mediterranean, Gulf and Black Sea country, can simultaneously exercise influence in all these regions and thus claim a global strategic role, rejecting the perception of Turkey as a bridge between Islam and the West, as this would relegate Turkey to an instrument for the promotion of the strategic interests of other countries. To achieve this, Turkey should capitalise on its soft power potential. Davutoglu argues that Turkey possesses “strategic depth” due to its history and geographic position and lists Turkey among a small group of countries which he calls “central powers”. Taking such a role Turkey has also great interest in Albania as it is considered the best state to promote Turkish interests within the Western Balkan region. However, there are several obstacles limiting Turkey’s full penetration into the Western Balkans.
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Erdem Atılgan, L., and D. Enarun. "A case study of lighting Turkish historic mosques using LEDs: Semsi Ahmet Pasha Mosque." Lighting Research & Technology 50, no. 6 (March 17, 2017): 894–910. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1477153517698853.
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There are more than 86,000 mosques in Turkey, 6733 of these being historic mosques. This study aims at developing a novel LED lantern for enhancing the interior illumination of Turkish historic mosques while providing significant energy savings. In order to accomplish this, an LED lantern design is carried out, the photometric results of which are analysed using the world renowned architect Sinan’s Semsi Ahmet Pasha Mosque from 1580 as a model. With this lantern, the target is to maintain the recommended illuminances and comfort conditions in the interior of historic mosques while achieving substantial energy savings and, at the same time, preserving the historic structure of the mosque. The study promotes the utilization of modern technologies and brings a novel, energy efficient and sustainable approach to Turkish historic mosques.
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Mitrovic, Gordana, and Marina Neskovic. "Collaboration between physician Emerich Lindenmayer and architect Jan Nevole in restoring the Sokobanja Turkish bath." Srpski arhiv za celokupno lekarstvo 143, no. 11-12 (2015): 769–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/sarh1512769m.
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The Sokobanja Turkish bath is an exceptional example of twosection baths and quite particular in its style, structure type and technology used. It is one of the two of the same type that remained in Serbia and the only one that has retained its original function. About its construction we learn from the Vidin sanjak defter from the second half of the 16th century. In the lavish built heritage inventory, Turkish baths are quite unique secular public structures, playing a prominent role in the development of health culture. Based upon their specific function, these baths possess a special architectural expression, are often monumental, decorative and imaginative in their forms and ornamentation. Prince Milos initiated repair works of the Soko Banja baths and spa springs immediately after the settlement became a part of the Serbian Principality in 1834. When work on restoring the men?s baths started, a separate room with a tub was built for Prince Milos, while the women?s bath remained in ruins. In 1847, the Ministry of Interior sent Dr Emerich Lindenmayer and architect Jan Nevole, as an expert team, to assess the state of the hammam so that it could be included in the undertakings funded from the state budget. After the assessment and review of the existing issues and upon a detailed report submitted to the Ministry of Interior, complex repairs were conducted in 1850, according to Nevole?s architectural design and his constant supervision. The approach implemented in the architectural renovation process was based on highly regarded principles of the time, thus preserving both the hammam?s original function and its valuable architecture.
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Akboy-İlk, Serra. "Ali Saim Ülgen: Building a Historiography of Turkish Architecture." Turkish Historical Review 10, no. 1 (June 7, 2019): 71–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18775462-01001001.
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Ali Saim Ülgen (1913–63), a preservation architect, architectural historian, author, bureaucrat and educator, was a leading figure in the nascent field of heritage conservation during the early decades of the Republic of Turkey. This was a time when the Republican leaders sought to establish the national character of art and architecture by interpreting the “Turkishness” and uniqueness of the Ottoman heritage through the tenets of the Modern Movement. The reconciliation of the modernist rationale with nationalist historiography created contested paradigms in a nation searching for its cultural roots. Ülgen considerably contributed to the nationalist appropriation of the Ottoman heritage, but his taxonomical gaze stands out for its focus on contextual analysis. This essay addresses the dichotomy of documenting the Ottoman architectural patrimony through the lens of modernism, which is visible in Ülgen’s work, a remarkably understudied Republican intellectual.
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Lami, Blendi. "Turkish Geoeconomics and Its Influence in Albania." European Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies 4, no. 1 (January 21, 2017): 88. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/ejms.v4i1.p88-97.
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Geopolitics is often used in reference to the use of geography in determining and shaping the international relations/foreign policy agenda of individual nation states. According to the proponents of the concept of geopolitics, political predominance in the international political system is not just a question of the general power and human resources at a country’s disposal, but also of the geographical undertones within which a particular country exercises its available chunks of power. The rise of geoeconomics as an eminent replacement to geopolitics even becomes more significant in place of Turkey owing to its geopolitical position. The country is strategically surrounded by Europe, Asia, the Middle East and former Soviet states. The dynamics provided by the geopolitical position Turkey ushered in increased calls for the country to take up an active role in its foreign policy endeavors, and with it, a utilization of geoeconomics as a formidable strategy to push for Turkey’s agenda in the Balkan region, especially Albania. Based on the geoeconomic and geocultural conception of the Balkan region, Davutoglu, the architect of new Turkish foreign policy, contents that the only way Balkan states can maintain their strategic importance is by reestablishing their success through intensive political dialogues and pursuing integrated economic policies. These are the endeavors of a country keen on utilizing economic values and principles to cement its political power in the Balkan region, and supplement its political influence over Albanian territories.
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Miedema, Hessel. "Dido Rediviva, of: Liever Turks dan Paaps Een opstandig schilderij door Gillis Coignet." Oud Holland - Quarterly for Dutch Art History 108, no. 2 (1994): 79–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187501794x00369.
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AbstractIn the Vleeshuis museum in Antwerp is a painting which is signed and dated G.COINGNET.FEC.1583 (note 1 and fig. 1). It allegedly represents 'Queen Dido, giving orders for Carthage to be built.' However, in the painting an architect is presenting the putative queen with a construction drawing (fig. 2) which bears the inscription PORTA DE LA GOLETA. La Goletta was a fortress built by Charles v to keep Tunis under Spanish control when he took possession of the city in 1535. In the 1560s, to cope with the threat of renewed Turkish attacks, La Goletta was substantially reinforced. Work was also begun on a new fort ('Nova arx') between Tunis and La Goletta. However, the Turks finally took both fortresses and the city itself in 1574. The conquest of 1574 is depicted and described in Civitates orbis terrarum by Braun and Hogenberg (note 7 and fig. 3). The authors suggest that the 'Nova arx' was modelled on the fortress of Antwerp. This edifice was built in 1568-69 by the Duke of Alva to subdue Antwerp, but after the initial success of the uprising against Spanish domination it was taken by the rebels and integrated in the city's fortifications. This was the situation in 1583, when Coignet painted his picture. The role assigned to the Antwerp guild of bricklayers and stone-masons in the painting is so prominent, that it is safe to assume that it was commissioned by the guild. In all probability it represents an anti-Spanish political programme. A further indication is provided by the drawing which is being presented to the queen; it bears a strong resemblance to the plan of Hadrian's port in ancient Ostia (note 11 and fig. 4). In Civitates orbis terrarum we read that the Turks, after their conquest of Tunis, razed the city's fortifications to the ground, replacing them by a naval port to make things as awkward as possible for the Catholic enemy. There is thus an obvious connection between La Goletta and a port of Antiquity; in that connection the role of the Turks also emerges. During the Dutch revolt against Spanish domination there was often talk of making overtures to the Turks, who, although not noted for their gentle disposition, were far more tolerant in matters of religion than the Hapsburgs. Indeed, one of the slogans of the revolt was 'sooner Turkish than popish'. There is also evidence of actual contacts between Antwerp and Constantinople during this period. The specific reference to La Goletta thus clearly indicates the intention of the painting: in analogy with the Turkish conquest of 1574, the Antwerp building trade guild assigned to Dido a new, allegorical role: that of ordering the conversion of a fortress erected by the enemy into a fortified port for the purpose of vexing the emperor of the Roman, c.q. the Roman-catholic realm. The link with the hated fortress which Alva had built for Antwerp is evident. There is little likelihood that plans were actually made to provide Antwerp with such a port; the painting probably had a propagandistic function. In 1585 the Duke of Parma definitively took the city for the king of Spain, and the fortress was separated from the fortifications again in order to quell any fresh uprisings. The fortress was pulled down in 1884; today the Museum of Fine Arts stands on the site.
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Demirağ, Yelda, and Burak Bilgehan Özpek. "The Davutoğlu Effect in Turkish Foreign Policy: What if the Bowstring is Broken?" Iran and the Caucasus 16, no. 1 (2012): 117–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/160984912x13309560274217.
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AbstractAhmet Davutoğlu became the Minister of Foreign Affairs in 2009, the second term of Justice and Development Party (JDP) government, and he is regarded as the architect of the JDP's foreign policy since 2002. During his term, Turkey has pursued an active and multi-dimensional foreign policy. The model of Davutoğlu in explaining the Turkey's multi-dimensional foreign policy is the bow and arrow analogy. Accordingly, he argues that Turkey, with its ideational and geographical advantages, is an archer, and the more it draws the back of the bow through the East, the farther the arrow flies West. However, the gap between theory and reality undermines the consistency of Davutoğlu's foreign policy formulation.
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Waelkens, Marc, and Edwin Owens. "The Excavations at Sagalassos 1993." Anatolian Studies 44 (December 1994): 169–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3642990.
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During 1993 the excavations at Sagalassos continued for their fourth season from 3 July until 19 August. From 21 until 28 August a survey was carried out in the district immediately south and south-east of the excavation site. The work was directed by Professor Marc Waelkens (Dept. of Archaeology, Catholic University of Leuven). A total of 45 Turkish workmen and 62 scientists or students from various countries (Belgium, Turkey, Great Britain, Portugal, France, Austria and Greece) were involved in the project. The team included 25 archaeologists, 8 illustrators, 8 architect-restorers (supervised by T. Patricio and directed by Prof. K. Van Balen and Prof. F. Hueber), 4 cartographers (directed by Prof. F. Depuydt), 2 geomorphologists (Prof. E. Paulissen and K. Vandaele), 2 archaeozoologists from the Museum of Central Africa at Tervuren (Belgium), 6 conservators (directed by G. Hibler-Vandenbulcke), 1 photographer (P. Stuyven), 2 computer specialists and 4 people taking care of everyday logistics. The Turkish Antiquities Department was represented by Mrs. Nurhan Ülgen for the first and by Mrs. Aliye Yamancı for the second half of the season, whom we both thank for their much appreciated help and collaboration.
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Waelkens, Marc, Edwin Owens, Ann Hasendonckx, and Burcu Arikan. "The Excavations at Sagalassos 1991." Anatolian Studies 42 (December 1992): 79–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3642953.
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During 1991 large-scale excavations at Sagalassos continued for their second season from 13 July until 5 September. The work was directed by Professor Marc Waelkens (Dept. of Archaeology, Catholic University of Leuven). A total of 42 scientists from various countries (Belgium, Turkey, Great Britain, Germany and Portugal) as well as 25 local workmen (supervised by Mr. Ali Toprak) carried out the work. The team included 20 archaeologists, 4 illustrators (supervised by G. Evsever and R. Kotsch), 4 architect-restorers (directed by Prof. R. Lemaire and Dr. K. Van Balen), 3 cartographers (directed by Prof. F Depuydt), 2 geologists (directed by Prof. W. Viaene), 2 geomorphologists (Prof. J. De Ploey and Prof. E. Paulissen), 1 archaeozoologist (Dr. W. Van Neer), 1 anthropologist (Dr. Chr. Charlier), 2 restorers for the small finds (directed by Miss K. Norman) and 1 photographer (P. Stuyven). The Turkish Antiquities Department was represented by Muhammet Alkan from the Sivas Museum, whom we thank for his help. Financial support came from the Research Council of the Catholic University of Leuven, the Belgian Fund for Collective Fundamental Research (F.K.F.O.), the Belgian Programme on Interuniversity Poles of Attraction (I.U.A.P. no 28), the National Bank of Belgium, the ASLK/CGER Bank, the tour operator ORION, the car rental company Interleasing, the restoration company E. G. Verstraete & Vanhecke N. V., Agfa-Gevaert films and the association “Friends of Sagalassos”.
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BEŞİKÇİ, Seçil ÖRAZ. "TÜRK DIŞ POLİTİKASINDA DAVUTOĞLU DÖNEMİ VE STRATEJİK DERİNLİK DOKTRİNİ: GÜNEY KAFKASYA ÜLKELERI ÖRNEĞİ." “Küresel siyaset: Türkiye’den bakış”, Spring,2021 (April 30, 2021): 160–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.30546/2616-4418.bitd.2021.160.
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The Justice and Development Party (JDP) and its new cadre have entered into Turkish political life by the general elections held in 2002. Prof. Dr. Ahmet Davutoğlu, one of the members of the new cadre, has been considered as the architect of foreign policy discourse and practices pursued under JDP rule between 2002-2016. Davutoğlu has become both the theoretician and the practitioner of foreign policy strategies, which has been built on his “Strategic Depth Doctrine”. Davutoğlu has aimed to reach a new foreign policy strategy by the new principles such as “multidimensional foreign policy”, “rhythmic diplomacy”, “zero problems with neighbors”, “maximum international cooperation”, “proactive foreign policy” and “order instituting actor”. In these contexts, the aim of the paper is twofold. The irst one is to ind out whether Davutoğlu’s new foreign policy principles have been implemented in the foreign policy-making processes of the South Caucasus states of Azerbaijan, Armenia, and Georgia and, if yes, the second one is to deine the policy relections over Turkey’s foreign relations with these states. For this aim, three speciic cases, which are critical to these states, have been selected: the Russian-Georgian War (2008), the Armenian Opening, and the Nagorno-Karabakh Conlict. The method of discourse analysis has been utilized and Davutoğlu’s books, articles, interviews, and speeches have been reviewed.
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Karataşlı, Şahan Savaş. "The Origins of Turkey’s “Heterodox” Transition to Neoliberalism: The Özal Decade and Beyond." Journal of World-Systems Research 21, no. 2 (August 31, 2015): 387–416. http://dx.doi.org/10.5195/jwsr.2015.8.
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This article examines the origins of Turkey’s neoliberal transformation in world-historical perspective by highlighting interactions between the crisis of U.S. hegemony, social and political movements in Turkey, and Turgut Özal's political career as the architect of the country’s neoliberal reforms. I argue that Turkey’s neoliberal transition during the “Özal Decade (1980-1989/1993)” was not primarily related to resolving the profitability crisis of the existing national bourgeoisie (Istanbul-based industrial bourgeoisie) or reconstituting class power in favor of this segment of capital. The Turkish neoliberal project was more concerned with establishing a stable political-economic environment that would help Turkey's political society reassert its hegemony over civil society and allow for the penetration of the changing interests of the world-hegemonic power in the region. Because of these social and geopolitical concerns, Turkey's neoliberal reforms (1) contributed to the development of an alternative/rival segment of national bourgeoisie which had the potential to co-opt radicalized Islamic movements, (2) aimed at creating a large middle class society (instead of shrinking it), (3) utilized populist attempts at redistribution to lower segments of society to co-opt the grievances and anger of the masses. As a paradoxical consequence of these dynamics, income inequality decreased during Turkey’s transition to neoliberalism. Neoliberal reforms in the post-Özal period – with similar “heterodox” features – resurrected and further deepened during “the Erdoğan decade” (2002-present) although Erdoğan did not share a single aspect of Özal’s professional career as a neoliberal technocrat.
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Bilecen, Tuncay. "The Struggle to Unite Diaspora Alevis and the Working Class: Alevism in the Kavga/Kervan Magazine." Kurdish Studies 8, no. 1 (May 24, 2020): 91–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.33182/ks.v8i1.513.
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Kavga/Kervan is a magazine published by the London chapter of the Turkish Communist Party between 1991 and 1998. Rıza Yürükoğlu, the editor is credited as the main architect of the magazine’s intellectual structure. This article will use discourse analysis to examine the relationship between Alevism and socialism as postulated by the magazine and its editor. It aims to analyse the efforts of the magazine as a platform to unite Alevis and socialists in Turkish socialist history even if the magazine may not have had as much impact on the Alevi and socialist collectives in Turkey and abroad. Abstract in Kurmanji Têkoşîna gihandina Elewiyên dîasporayê û çîna karkeran: Elewîzm di kovara Kavga/Kervanê de Kervan/Kavga kovareke e ku ji teref beşa Londonê ya Partiya Komunîst a Tirkiyeyê di navbera salên 1991 û 1998an de hatiye çapkirin. Rıza Yörükoğlu, edîtor, weke avakerê esasî ya pêkhateya entelektuel a kovarê hatiye nîşandan. Ev xebat, wê tehlîla vegotinê bi kar bîne bo nirxandina têkiliya di nav Elewîzm û sosyalîzmê de, weke ji teref kovar û edîtorê wê hatiye ferzkirin. Ev gotar armanc dike ku hewlên vê kovarê tehlîl bike, ya ku weke platformeke Elewî û sosyalîstên di dîroka sosyalîst a Tirkiyeyê de bigihîne hev, digel ku kovar xwedî vê tesîrê nebe jî li ser Elewî û kolektîfên sosyalîst ên li Tirkiyeyê û derve. Abstract in Sorani Xebat bo yekgirtnî 'elewîyekanî dayespora legell çînî krêkar: 'Elewîzm le govarî kavga/karvan Karvan/kavga govarêke le lenden lelayen lqî lendenî partî komonîstî turkî le nêwan sallekanî 1991 we 1998 derdekra. Rıza Yürükoğlu sernuser krêdîtî endazyarî serekî sitraktorî roşnibîrî govarekey pêdedrêt. Em twêjîneweye ravey gutarî bekar dênêt bo hellsengandinî peywendî nêwan 'elewîzm û soşyalîzm bew şêweyey ke govareke û sernuserekey daynawe. Em wtare deyewêt ew hewllaney govareke wek sekoyek bo yekgirtnî 'elewyekan û soşyalîstekan le mêjuy soşalîstî turkî rave bkat tenanet eger govarekeş hênde karîgerî leser têkrray 'elewî û soşyalîstekan le Turkya û derewe nebûbêt. Abstract in Zazaki Lebata yewkerdişê elewîyanê dîyaspora û sinifa karkeran: kovara Kavga/Kervan de elewîyîye Kervan/Kavga kovarêk a ke mabênê serranê 1991 û 1998î de hetê beşê Londra yê Partîya Komunîstan a Tirkîya ra weşanîyaye. Edîtorê ci, Riza Yurukoglu, sey mîmarê bingeyênî yê awanîya kovar a zîhnîye hesibîyeno. No cigêrayîş do pê analîzê dîskûrsî têkilîya mabênê elewîyîye û sosyalîzmî de ke hetê kovare û edîtorê ci ra ferz bena, aye tehlîl bikero. Hedefê na meqale yo ke lebata kovare ke a tarîxê sosyalîzmê Tirkîya de bibo platformê yewbîyayîşê elewîyan û sosyalîstan, aye analîz bikero - herçiqas ke elewî û sosyalîstanê zere û teberê Tirkîya ser o tesîrê kovare zaf çin bî zî.
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Svystun, I. "TRANSFORMATION OF THE HIERARCHICAL STRUCTURE OF COMPOSITION MEANS IN ARCHITECTURAL FORM MAKING ON THE XX AND XXI CENTURIES." Problems of theory and history of architecture of Ukraine, no. 20 (May 12, 2020): 115–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.31650/2519-4208-2020-20-115-130.
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The article provides an analysis of the characteristics of the artistic means of composition used in the architectural form making at the turn of the 21st century, helps to determine their role in the hierarchical structure by the degree of significancefor modern evolutionary processes in architecture. An overall decrease in the influence and effectiveness of the composition means for this period was noted. A significant redistribution of their influence over the basic hierarchical structure was revealed.One of the major problems in the evolution of architecture at the turn of the 21st century is the discrepancy between provisions of the compositional theory of architecture -a traditional means of shaping and findings the of worldwide experimental construction practices. Here, science was facing the new phenomena based on radical changes in the nature of the architectural form and its plasticity, when the clear, unambiguous rules for constructing the form of the basic theory of composition no longer fully carry out their organizing functions. The collision of science with unrecognized processes that appeared in original architectural forms that have no analogue in everything that existed in architecture in the past, created using modern digital technologies, has not yet become the subject of a serious study by modern theory.It should be noted that for almost entire 20th century, architecture relied on the traditional compositional base in the formation of the figurative characteristics of objects (regardless of their stylistic affiliation), considered it universal and did not respond to emerging new trends that had a significant impact on the volume and plastic properties of architectural forms. As the analysis confirms, during this period the foundations ofa new architecture with non-standard form-forming characteristics were laid.Characteristic in the development of architecture at the turn of the century was the desire of individual innovative authors (Kalatrava S., Hadid Z., Libeskind D., Gehri F. O., Maine T., Moss E.O., Koolhaas R. and creative teams: Coop Himelblau, MAD, Snochetta, etc.) create original objects using digital technology, complex geometry and the inclined position of the object or its parts in space. Here, traditional compositional means did not become the basis for the construction of innovative forms. This transformation took place fairly quickly in the late 80-90s of the XX century, which did not allow architectural science to simultaneously comprehend and formulate the corresponding theory, as well as to adjust traditional approaches that can cover the whole variety of emerging ideas and methods of shaping in architecture.In connection with these radical changes in architectural shaping on the cusp of the twentieth and twenty-first centuries, a need arose both to rethink the general theory and to clarify the role and place of each means of composition in the hierarchical structure.Among the literary sources that consider the basic principles of the theory of architectural composition, the most important are textbooks and manuals for preparing architects at universities, since they primarily affect the formation of professional thinking. What is the information on the theory of composition in this literature and how much the recommendations contained in them correspond to modern trends and the requirements of architectural shaping?In connection with the task, a number of published in the twentieth -early twenty-first centuries. textbooks and manuals on the theory of composition, intended for the preparation of architects in higher educational institutions of the USSR and countries that formed after its collapse, by such authors: Arauho I., Idak Yu. V., Ikonnikov A. V., Klimenyuk T. M., Krinsky V.F., LamtsovI.V., Lyaskovsky O.I., Malgin V.I., Melodinsky D.L., Mikhailenko V. Є., Stepanov A.V., Tits A.A., Turkus M. A., Chin F. D. K., Shapoval N.G., Yakovlev N.I. et al. [1-14] have been analyzed. These sources present the traditional classical ideas about the construction of forms, highlighting composition as the main means: proportions, rhythm, scale, symmetry, asymmetry, statics, dynamics, contrast, nuance, identity, etc. But if in the XX century their significance was not in, doubt, then in the XXI century -symptoms appeared of a decrease in the influence of the compositional apparatus on the processes of shaping and the role of each of them in the hierarchical structure [21].Considering the importance of composition in the historical and newest period of the development of architecture, we can make sure that despite the fact that in classical architecture all means of composition were necessary for building the form and were applied comprehensively (in modern times only selectively), the order of their significance fixed the priority of proportions and proportionality ( the first group), identified by the ancient Roman architect Vitruvius [16], and did not change throughout the development of European architecture. They are given more attention in treatises and textbooks [1-19]). The rhythm, meter, scale, symmetry, tectonics, statics, contrast, nuance, and identity performed the basic organizing functions (second group). Dynamics, asymmetry, geometric center, center of composition, emphasis, dominant (third group), although they were used in practice, but without special theoretical justification, occupying secondary places and being additional tools (they practically did not receive attention in treatises and textbooks [.. .])
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Krueger, Rita. "The Many Lives of Franz von der Trenck." Austrian History Yearbook 50 (April 2019): 34–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0067237819000043.
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Baron Franz von der Trenck might not now be a household name, but in the eighteenth century, he was notorious for the blood-curdling excesses of the soldiers under his command and an approach to war on behalf of Queen Empress Maria Theresa that appeared to defy the tenets of the age. As one biography described, “The thirty-eight year lifespan of the pandur general Franz Baron von der Trenck was a symphony of violence and death.” On the other side of the Prussian-Austrian conflict, Friedrich von der Trenck was iconic in different ways, with a career that careened from the military under Frederick II, to prison, and lastly to the guillotine in Paris. In service to their monarchs and in pursuit of personal advancement, security, and adventure, the Trenck cousins collided with each other at various points, demonstrating what it meant for nobles to be both architects and victims of fame, reputation, and slander. After Franz's death in prison, Friedrich, for his own reasons, had a hand in shaping the reputation of his cousin as a larger-than-life military man with an affinity for particular types of violence. However, Friedrich was not the only curator of Franz's legacy and others took part during and after Franz's life in the adulteration and appropriation of his life narrative. As a military man, Franz von der Trenck weaponized his own reputation, but its plasticity continued far after his death because he served as a stand-in for a variety of cultural inquiries, anxieties, and hopes beyond military practices and the laws of war. The subtexts of those narratives reveal particular cultural fault lines salient not just in the eighteenth century but also long after, including the constructed, imaginary boundary between the civilized and uncivilized in time and geography. Legends about Trenck drew on tropes about an uncivilized past through the ostensible space between a cultured European center and a wild Slavic or Turkic periphery. The boundary of civilization was not the only theme threaded through stories about Trenck. The nature of his violence was condemned by many and featured in his downfall, but there was also a subterranean admiration for a man who appeared to glorify war as an essential, formative masculine adventure and who romanticized the transgression of rape in war. Beginning with Friedrich and resonating still in twentieth-century nationalist iterations of Trenck is the idolization of a figure who seemed to transcend the petty morality or narrow-mindedness of those who judged him.
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Gümüşburun Ayalp, Gülden, and Fatma Arslan. "DEMOTIVATING FACTORS FOR ARCHITECTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY." Proceedings of International Structural Engineering and Construction 3, no. 1 (May 2016). http://dx.doi.org/10.14455/isec.res.2016.29.
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Motivation is one of the factors that influence the productivity of people. Architects play a vital role in the management of projects in the construction industry. The success of construction projects relies heavily on their active involvement and effective performance. Hence it is important to assess the impact of motivation on the performance these architects. On the other hand, architects are frequently confronted with problems that could lead them to demotivation. Demotivation is caused not simply by a lack of motivators but the existence of certain situations that cause dissatisfaction and discourage individuals from pursuing desired goals and aims. From this point of view, the present study conducted with the aim of identifying factors affecting demotivation of Turkish architects. After a review of extant literatures in construction management, and design management 69 demotivating criteria was produced and used in questionnaire survey, and data were collected from architects who are working at construction industry, especially at design firms. The questionnaires were administered to architects via e-mail, and 71 participants responded to the survey. Utilizing the particular statistical analyzes, the factors were identified for detailed analysis and discussion. From the findings of the present study, ten underlying demotivating factors have been identified for architects in Turkish construction industry. This study would help managers of design firms to develop healthy workforce through eradication of the identified demotivating factors using some of suggested solutions.
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Komurlu, Ruveyda, and David Arditi. "DELAY MANAGEMENT IN BUILDING CONSTRUCTION: A COMPARATIVE STUDY." Proceedings of International Structural Engineering and Construction 3, no. 1 (May 2016). http://dx.doi.org/10.14455/isec.res.2016.28.
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Construction projects are one-time endeavors with three strong constraints i.e., time, cost and quality. Construction management pursues success through the balanced accomplishment of the target levels of these. Since construction management has been and is still being performed to some extent by architects, AIA’s guidance has a strong influence on the profession. Thus, AIA’s “A201-2007 General Conditions of the Contract for Construction” is widely preferred among owners and contractors in the U.S. In Turkey, on the other hand, the government is the owner of a large number of public building projects with a total contract value that accounts for a sizeable portion of the national construction activity. Thus, the “General Conditions for Construction” that is issued by the Ministry of Environment and Urbanization is widely used in the industry. Delays have an important effect on both the owner and the contractor; while the owner experiences cost overruns as a direct result of delays, contractors suffer from excessive overhead. A201-2007 addresses the issue in “Article 8-Time”; the Turkish General Conditions addresses it in “Clause 30-Job Duration and Time Extension”. A literature review is performed in this paper to understand the importance of the deviations from the project duration specified in the contract. The objective of this study is to determine the similarities/differences in the management of delays, as mandated by the general conditions commonly used in the U.S. and Turkey. Recommendations are made in the light of the findings to improve delay management.
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Acciai, Serena. "The Ottoman-Turkish House According to Architect Sedad Hakkı Eldem." ABE Journal, no. 11 (January 11, 2017). http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/abe.3676.
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Acciai, Serena. "The Ottoman-Turkish House According to Architect Sedad Hakkı Eldem." ABE Journal, no. 11 (January 11, 2017). http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/abe.11023.
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Yildiz, Zeynep, Özlem Hürmeydan, Özlem Çakır Madenci, Asuman Orçun, and Nihal Yücel. "Age, gender and season dependent 25(OH)D levels in children and adults living in Istanbul." Turkish Journal of Biochemistry, February 12, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/tjb-2019-0082.
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AbstractBackgroundWe evaluated population characteristics of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels and determined the influence of age, gender and season in an extensive dataset.Materials and methodsLaboratory results of 103,509 adults and 19,186 children were retrospectively evaluated. Study group was classified regarding ages as; <40, 40–50, 50–60 and >60 years for adults and 0–1, 1–12 months,1–3, 4–6, 7–9, 10–12, 13–15 and 16–18 years for children. Seasonal values were also determined. Levels were measured by Architect i1000 SR (Abbott Diagnostics, USA).ResultsThe median (2.5–97.5 percentiles) of 25(OH)D levels were 38.75 (9.5–158.25) nmol/L for adults and 43.25 (11.25–125.5) nmol/L for children. There were significant gender differences for both adults and children. Values differed significantly among age subgroups (p’s < 0.01). A total of 63% of adults and 59.5% of children had 25(OH)D levels below 50 nmol/L (p < 0.001). 25(OH)D levels were significantly lower in the winter compared with summer (p’s < 0.001). Even levels in summer were moderate deficient for all group.ConclusionThe rate of 25(OH)D deficiency was remarkable during the whole year. This will provide large-scale data about 25(OH)D status in Turkish people and may contribute to the prevention and treatment of this condition for better healthcare outcomes.