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Rönn, Magnus, Jonas E. Andersson, and Zettersten Gerd Bloxham. "Architectural competitions - histories and practice : Editors’ comments." KTH, Arkitektur, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-123400.
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Architectural competitions are no longer simply professional praxis for architects and a recurrent exercise for students at schools of architecture. The competition has also turned into a field of research, and this book is part of an effort constituting the architectural competition as a field for studies with scholarly claims. The first doctoral dissertations on competitions were presented in the 1990s in Europe. Another clear manifestation of research interest is the growth and spread of scholarly conferences on architectural competitions. The contributions to the book show in a convincing way that the architectural competition is an interesting and rewarding object for research. The competition processes bear rich empirical findings to which one may refer for knowledge about architecture as professional practice, as educational subject and research platform. The architectural competition illustrates processes of change in society that are technical and organizational as well as social; it shows up constructive dilemmas, the borderline of rationality and the relative, creative insecurity of knowledge production in architectural projects.QC 20130610
2
Manzoni, B. "Competing through architectural competitions : paradoxes and strategies." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2015. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1460766/.
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Architectural competitions are a fascinating, yet controversial, subject. Building from cross-disciplinary studies on competitions, creative professional service management literature and paradox theory, this research explores the paradoxes of competitions from the viewpoint of the architects’ strategizing for them. Paradox is used as a research focus and as a theoretical lens. A paradoxical inquiry links conflicting insights from four case studies of Italian and British architectural firms. This work is relevant for architecture as well as management scholars. On the one hand, it develops a theory of competitions’ paradoxes whose roots are legal, procedural, sectoral and organisational and it offers an understanding of competitions that can train architects to reduce mixed feelings and system contradictions and to compete more effectively. On the other hand, it offers an application of paradox theory to creative professional service industries and it advances paradox theory with regard to the interplay between acceptance, resolution, synthesis and separation. More specifically this research shows that paradox is a distinctive way to make sense of competitions’ contradictions. With regard to the competition process, several paradoxes are identified, namely those related to: strategic intent (acquiring the job vs. exploring in design terms and diversifying the business), staffing (availability vs. competence; diversity vs. cohesiveness), scheduling work (planning vs. allowing for flexibility), design strategy (following vs. challenging the brief), design proposal (depth vs. breadth of design contents), design submission (simplicity vs. complexity) and facilitating design work (directing vs. empowering the team). For each paradox, this research classifies underlying tensions; it proposes management approaches, categorised into synthesis and separation, and it highlights the relationships between paradoxes and a) contextual legal and procedural factors (writing of the brief, selection and shortlist, proposal design, jury assessment) framing the tensions and b) organisational ones (goals and strategic planning, marketing and sales, project, people and knowledge management) inculcating actions.
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Erdem, Gunay. "An Inquiry On The Limits Of Multidisciplinary Collaboration In Design: Architectural Competitions." Master's thesis, METU, 2006. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/3/12606970/index.pdf.
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Architecture both as a field of knowledge and profession had always been an outcome of multidisciplinary collaboration. The limits of this collaboration are directly effective on both the method of design and the end product itself. In contemporary modern architecture, this interaction between architecture and other disciplines reached to an altered mode where design strategies became open to transformations and the traditional understanding of design replaced with alternative approaches.
This thesis aims to understand the limits of multidisciplinary collaboration and altered mode of design under the contemporary context. Architectural design competitions will be a major case study area towards understanding disciplinary transparencies and their impact on design process. Under this framework the study questions the limits of continuity between architecture and other disciplines as transformative power of each other.
4
Gottschling, Paul Thomas. "To submit is to relate : a study of architectural competitions within networks of practice." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2016. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/to-submit-is-to-relate-a-study-of-architectural-competitions-within-networks-of-practice(c3f8961d-94a8-4c91-91e2-935a6dcc4bf9).html.
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This is a study of architectural competitions as they engage with the design practices of architects within the UK and Europe. Since only one firm or one design emerges at the end, and the project programme exists prior to the submissions, there tends to be a gap between programme and practice, past and future, language and situation. It is the aim of this research to investigate what changes in our understanding of architectural practice when we acknowledge that architects work to linear programmes and submit deliverables within the set of relations that make up the competition. In conducting this research I address a gap in the social scientific understanding of architectural practice. While ethnographies of architectural studios have described the way design emerges through an interplay of humans and nonhumans, formats or structures like the competition have not yet become analytical categories in the ethnographic literature. To bridge what seems like a gap between the immaterial world of the competition and the material world of the studio, I draw from actor-network theory to view the competition as a set of relations that include objects and practices. Considering the technology of the competition, I follow five different strands of research. I identify the matters of concern that architects talk about when they talk about competitions; examine the documents involved in administering a competition; follow an atelier at an architectural school where students participate regularly in competitions; observe the Office of Metropolitan Architecture prepare a concept design; and visit an exhibition of submissions. Here I describe the ways in which competitions come together within the practice of architects. This study makes three contributions. First, the study adds to our understanding of architecture as a set of relations, rather than a stable identity. The second contribution has to do with language and practice, demonstrating that ‘big’ categories like ‘building’ nevertheless act within collectives of architects, clients, contractors and so on. A final implication is for methods. Since certain categories exist between sites, organising the activity of actors in different offices across what might be hundreds of miles, ethnographic fieldwork on architecture can become fragmented and multi-sited. The implications of the architectural competition for an ethnographic understanding of architectural practice, then, are to see more and ‘bigger’ collectives within the lives of architects.
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Schmiedeknecht, Torsten. "Structural aspects of German architectural competitions : Wettbewerbe Aktuell 1971- 2001 : the developemnt of architectural design competitions and the use of precedents in routine and exceptional practice in Germany as published in the journal Wettbewebe A." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.539568.
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Romaniuk, Olha. "Designing in the Context of Urban Heterotopia: Participative Programming and Narrative Formation through Transversal Design Process." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1275667372.
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Fialho, Valéria Cássia dos Santos. "Arquitetura, texto e imagem: a retórica da representação nos concursos de arquitetura." Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/16/16138/tde-27052010-104933/.
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Este trabalho busca lançar um novo olhar sobre momentos relevantes da história dos concursos de arquitetura no Brasil, partindo da premissa de que concursos são eventos que geram interesse por conterem um tipo de informação que reflete cada momento específico da produção arquitetônica. Discute a importância da representação no desenvolvimento do projeto arquitetônico, o papel do material gráfico na propagação de conceitos, assim como a supervalorização do discurso e da imagem e a inversão de valores que tal processo acarreta. Identifica, neste contexto, a existência de uma gramática específica nos projetos desenvolvidos para concursos, na qual a relação entre texto e desenhos assume características peculiares. Coloca a questão de como estes eventos geram uma discussão crítica e de que maneira este material torna-se referência para a formação de conhecimento específico na área. Para tanto, seu conteúdo está organizado em três momentos. O primeiro estabelece um arcabouço conceitual e define uma metodologia para análise dos projetos coletados. O segundo consiste na análise de três eventos fundamentais de nossa historiografia: o concurso para o Plano Piloto de Brasília (1956) um dos acontecimentos essenciais para a arquitetura brasileira e marco na história dos concursos; o do Pavilhão de Osaka (1969) representante de um período de afirmação de um discurso e parte fundamental da trajetória do movimento moderno brasileiro; e o concurso para o Pavilhão de Sevilha (1991) - evento polêmico e de repercussão expressiva, que caracteriza um atribulado período de transição cultural. Após a análise destes eventos de formação, o trabalho altera seu foco e, em seu terceiro momento, traça a trajetória construída desde a realização do concurso para Sevilha até os dias de hoje. Seguindo esta narrativa panorâmica, discute um evento contemporâneo, o concurso para o Museu da Tolerância da USP (2005), para, a partir do arcabouço gerado pelo estudo dos momentos de formação e seu rebatimento neste evento, abordar o contexto atual. Nas conclusões, o trabalho trata da identificação de uma retórica da representação expressa no conjunto de desenhos e textos analisados e discute a mensagem específica que cada desenho carrega e sua influência no desenvolvimento dos projetos. Confronta a democratização de meios com a especialização dos concorrentes e questiona a acessibilidade às técnicas de representação em contraponto à dificuldade de lançar mão dos recursos disponíveis sem cair na gratuidade. Como segundo ponto discute o valor dos textos que acompanham os desenhos, encarados como fios condutores da opção retórica, e identifica as diferentes posturas adotadas pelos autores. A última questão colocada diz respeito ao papel didático dos eventos enquanto momentos de reflexão crítica e discute a permanência das idéias, os elementos de formação de repertório e sua influência no campo da educação. A pesquisa conclui sua argumentação defendendo a leitura deste conjunto de trabalhos a partir do resgate de documentos que podem revelar aspectos fundamentais para o retrato de uma época e a formação de um conjunto de valores.This research pursuits a new understanding on relevant moments of the history of architectural competitions in Brazil, by the premise that these are events that render interest for they provide a kind of information that reflects each specific moment of the architectural production. It discusses the importance of representation in the development of the architectural design, the role of graphic material for the transmission of concepts, as well as the overvaluation of discourse and image and the inversion of values that it causes. In this context, it identifies the existence of a specific language in projects developed for competitions, in which the relation between texts and drawings assume peculiar characteristics. It sets the question of how these events generate a critical discussion and how the produced material becomes reference to the formation of specific knowledge in the subject. For that purpose, its content is organized in three moments. The first one establishes a conceptual basis and defines a methodology for the analysis of the collected projects. The second moment consists of an analysis of three fundamental events of our historiography: the Brasilia Urbanization Plan competition (1956) one of the essential realizations for the Brazilian architecture and the history of competitions; the Osaka Pavilion competition (1969) representant of a period of affirmation of a discourse and important part of the Brazilian Modern Movement development; and the Seville Pavilion competition (1991) a polemic event with an expressive repercussion, which characterizes a turbulent period of cultural transition. Following the analysis of theses events of formation the research changes its focus and, in its third part, traces a panorama of realizations from the Seville competition to nowadays. After that, it discusses a contemporary event, the USP Tolerance Museum competition (2005), in order to, from the basis generated by the study of the formation events and its reflections on the recent one, establish an approach to the current context. In the conclusions the research treats of the identification of a representational rhetoric expressed in the analyzed collection of drawings and texts and it discusses the specific message contained in each drawing and its influence in the development of the projects. It confronts the democratization of means with the contestants\' specialization and questions the accessibility to the representation techniques in counterpoint to the difficulty of exploring the available resources avoiding loosing consistence. As a second point, it discusses the values of the texts that accompany the drawings, faced as main conductors of the rhetorical option, and it identifies different strategies adopted by the authors. The last question is about the didactic role of the events while moments of critical reflection and it discusses the permanence of ideas, the formation of repertoire elements and its influence in the field of education. The research concludes its argumentation defending the understanding of the collection of works based in the rescue of documents that may reveal fundamental aspects to the portrait of an era and the formation of our values.
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Gorbea, Díaz Carlos Enrique [Verfasser]. "Vehicle Architecture and Lifecycle Cost Analysis In a New Age of Architectural Competition / Carlos Enrique Gorbea Díaz." München : Verlag Dr. Hut, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1023435306/34.
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Spinelli, Julia Rabello. "Habitação de interesse social em centros urbanos : analise das propostas resultantes dos concursos publicos promovidos pela Prefeitura Municipal de São Paulo no periodo de 2001 a 2004." [s.n.], 2008. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/257764.
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Orientador: Leandro MedranoDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Civil, Arquitetura e Urbanismo
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-11T21:46:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Spinelli_JuliaRabello_M.pdf: 9264425 bytes, checksum: ce3f5f47ce09e7270e9a08d288d0c839 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008
Mestrado
Arquitetura e Construção
Mestre em Engenharia Civil
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Linartas, Darius. "Significance of Creative Competitions to Lithuanian Art of Architecture." Doctoral thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2012. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2011~D_20120106_101159-04287.
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The subject matter of the research is architectural competitions in Lithuania to begin with their origin (end of the 18th century) up to the present times (2010). The dissertation aims at disclosing the significance of architectural competitions to art of architecture in Lithuania, improvement of architects’ professional excellence and public meaning of competitive selection, as well as analyzing the preconditions for improvement of the competition system. The following tasks have been raised and formulated:
1. to explore the genesis of architectural competitions and review the historical development of architectural competitions in Lithuania starting from its origins to the present day;
2. based on specific examples of architectural competitions in Lithuania, to analyze the main types of competitions and their purposes, disclose their peculiarities and meaning;
3. to perform the critical analysis on organization process of architectural competitions in Lithuania (preparation of requirements, rules, involvement of society to the design process and evaluation) and further existence and quality of the competition winning design projects; and
4. to disclose the peculiarities of public, architectural and professional significance of creative competitions.
The dissertation has an introduction, three chapters with separate summaries, general conclusions, lists of bibliography and author’s publications on the dissertation subject, list of illustrations and two appendices.
The... [to full text]Disertacijos tyrimų objektas – architektūros konkursai Lietuvoje nuo ištakų (XVIIIa. pabaigos) iki šių laikų (2010 m.). Šio darbo tikslas yra atskleisti architektūros konkursų reikšmę Lietuvos architektūros menui ir architektų profesinio meistriškumo augimui, visuomeninę konkursinės atrankos prasmę, išnagrinėti konkursų sistemos tobulinimo prielaidas. Tam suformuluoti šie uždaviniai: 1. Ištirti architektūros konkursų genezę, apžvelgti Lietuvos architektūros konkursų istorinę raidą nuo jų atsiradimo iki šių dienų. 2. Remiantis konkrečiais Lietuvos architektūros konkursų pavyzdžiais, išanalizuoti pagrindinius konkursų tipus ir tikslus, atskleisti jų ypatumus ir prasmę. 3. Atlikti Lietuvos architektūros konkursų organizavimo bei konkursuose laimėjusių projektų būties ir kokybės kritinę analizę. 4. Atskleisti kūrybinių konkursų visuomeninės, architektūrinės ir profesinės reikšmės Lietuvoje ypatybes. Disertaciją sudaro įvadas, trys skyriai, skyrių apibendrinimai, bendrosios išvados, naudotos literatūros ir autoriaus publikacijų disertacijos tema sąrašai, iliustracijų sąrašas bei du priedai Įvadiniame skyriuje aptariamas darbo aktualumas, analizuojama literatūra, problemos ištirtumas, aprašomas tyrimų objektas, formuluojamas darbo tikslas bei uždaviniai, aprašoma tyrimų metodika, darbo mokslinis naujumas, ginamieji teiginiai. Įvado pabaigoje pristatomos disertacijos tema autoriaus paskelbtos publikacijos ir pranešimai konferencijose bei disertacijos struktūra. Pirmame disertacijos... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]
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Beseli, Heves. "Web As A System Of Architectural Organization: Frankfurt-romerberg Competition Project." Master's thesis, METU, 2008. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/3/12610712/index.pdf.
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The aim of this thesis is to reveal the potentials of &ldquoWeb&rdquo
as a system of achitectural organization. This concept developed by Georges Candilis, Alexis Josic, and Shadrach Woods can be seen as a product of the discourse arose in 1960s, which concieves the city as a continuous and dynamic structure rather than a static entity composed of individual buildings. In this sense, Web appears as a system of architectural organization that responds to this dynamism by enabling growth and change. In this thesis, Frankfurt-Rö
merberg Competition Project by Candilis-Josic-Woods (CJW) is analyzed to understand the potential of Web in organizing both physical and social relations. Revealing the potentials of Web requires examination of other concepts introduced by Candilis-Josic-Woods. Therefore, the relationship between Web and its sources (casbah and bidonville) and precedents (habitat é
volutif and Stem) will be constructed. In order to construct this relation and to understand how Web operates as a system of architectural organization, the components and design acts of Web as well as its potentials will be analyzed in the case of Frankfurt-Rö
merberg Project. In doing so, the project will be seen as the main prototype of Web. The thesis will also put emphasis on habitat é
volutif as the main idea behind Web. It will be argued that habitat é
volutif evolved into Web with the help of stem as a connecting element.
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Uzan, Sacha. "Design of a low carbon building : Case study of an architectural competition." Thesis, KTH, Bro- och stålbyggnad, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-264756.
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Greenhouse gases (GHGs) emissions due to human activities have considerably increased in the past decades which are the main contributors of global warming. In order to limit the consequences of the global climate change happening, all sectors must reduce their carbon emissions and especially the building industry which represents 19% of the carbon footprint of human activities. This paper is giving methods to help reduce the carbon footprint of a building when designing it such as life cycle assessment which allow project teams to compare the global warming potential of all building materials. Those methods are used and challenged in a case study of an architectural competition project named quai d’Issy in Paris, France. Using biobased materials help reduce the carbon footprint of a building, a structure made of timber and concrete elements can emit less than 21% of GHGs than a classic concrete structure. By sourcing reused and recycled building materials, by using geothermal heat pump as heating and cooling systems for example, we have been able to reach for the quai d’Issy project a carbon footprint of 930kgC02eq/m2 of floor area, which is less than level needed for the highest French environmental certification. However, these results can be obtained only if the building materials companies continue their work to develop low-carbon materials and promote recycled and reused materials. This study emphasises the need to spread knowledge of the tools to design low-carbon building to all the actors of the building industry in order to promote behaviours that will limit the consequences of climate change.
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Lewis, Hilary A. (Hilary Ann). "The Rhode Island state house--the competition (1890-1892)." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/75994.
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Thesis (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Architecture, 1988.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 117-122).
This is a study of the design competition for the new State House in Providence, Rhode Island, which began in 1890 and ended in 1892. The competition was supervised by the Rhode Island State House Commission, a body formed by the legislature and presided over by former Rhode Island Governor Herbert W. Ladd. The Commission was initiated in January 1890 and began meetings in May 1890. The competition ran in two parts. First local Rhode Island architects were invited to compete and then a group of nationally known architects were brought in to compete with three of the Rhode Island firms. The interest in this building and the competition which led to its construction lies in the style of the completed building and in who was selected to design it. McKim, Mead & White were the winners of the competition and they produced a design (and eventually a building) which is a monument to the then new trend in American classicism which became popularized through the vehicle of the World's Columbian Exposition of 1893 in Chicago. This building represents the ideals of the "City Beautiful", or "White City", movement which grew out of the influence of the Fair on the American Public. The study seeks to show how a small group of architects, which included McKim, Mead & White, had the correct social and professional connections to obtain such monumental projects as the Rhode Island State House. It is hoped that the story of the State House's competition will shed light on how the small elite which ruled American architecture in the 1890's was able to maintain their control.
by Hilary A. Lewis.
M.S.
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Dedecca, Paula Gorenstein. "Sociabilidade, crítica e posição: o meio arquitetônico, as revistas especializadas e o debate do moderno em São Paulo(1945-1965)." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/16/16133/tde-10072012-130257/.
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Esta dissertação pretende discutir a unidade e a pluralidade no meio arquitetônico paulista, a partir de suas redes de sociabilidade, espaços de profissionalização e movimentações críticas, tendo como material primário as revistas especializadas publicadas na cidade no período de 1945 a 1965. Trata-se de percorrer a dupla direção das relações entre um grupo intelectual - uma parcela de arquitetos atuantes na cidade - e suas manifestações, procurando traçar o espaço particular no qual se desenvolveram parte de seus laços profissionais, de suas trocas culturais e ideológicas, e de seus posicionamentos projetuais. Operando na intersecção entre espaço urbano, organizações culturais, instituições profissionais e acadêmicas, o primeiro capítulo procura traçar as redes de sociabilidade dos arquitetos em São Paulo. O segundo capítulo busca percorrer os meandros da crítica paulista - suas aproximações, desarticulações, rupturas e deslocamentos críticos - a partir de seus diálogos internos e dos diversos olhares lançados sobre a arquitetura contemporânea no Brasil, principalmente aquela produzida no Rio de Janeiro. Por fim, o terceiro capítulo é uma tentativa de aproximação das interlocuções projetuais entre os arquitetos locais através da análise de alguns dos concursos de arquitetura realizados em São Paulo no período e que encontraram eco nas revistas de arquitetura locais.This work intends to discuss the unity and plurality of the architectonic environment of São Paulo, through their social networks, professional spaces and critical movements, using as primary source some specialized magazines, published in the city between 1945 and 1965. The study will investigate the relationship between an intellectual group - a parcel of architects working in São Paulo - and its manifestations, seeking to understand the particular space in which some of its professional ties, cultural and ideological exchanges, and projetual attitudes were developed. The first chapter seeks to outline the social networks of those architects, through the intersection of urban space, cultural, professional and academic institutions. The second chapter studies the local criticism - their intellectual approaches, disarticulations, fractures and dislocations - across their inner dialogues and their different looks launched on Brazilian contemporary architecture, especially the one produced in Rio de Janeiro. Finally, the third chapter aims to approach the projectual dialogues between the local architects through the analysis of some architectural competition held in São Paulo in the period and that found an echo in local architecture magazines.
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Valenti, Belinda Sue 1976. ""GrizzlieTown" : public memory, urban competition, and the new Memphis Arena." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/29300.
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Thesis (M.Arch.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Architecture, 2003.Includes bibliographical references (p. 69).
Many cities struggle to compete for revenue and the promise of future growth by building new entertainment complexes downtown, and in doing so make spatial compromises in the effort to get ahead. Urban Competition should be used to its fullest urban and architectural advantage in order to best serve a city's multiple publics. Memphis, a city with a rich cultural heritage, has recently decided to build a new indoor NBA basketball arena. As its design suggests, this big-box facility will fall short in its potential for invigorating downtown spaces and will result in a loss of public memory. The publicly-funded and privately-owned arena will be largely inaccessible to the taxpayers who have chosen to fund it. Here, an alternate proposal for a downtown sports arena includes an urban strategy, the reconfiguration of a sports arena seating bowl, two mixed-use buildings, a sports and entertainment building, and an open-air public space that enriches public memory of the site. Such a design draws upon a city's history while taking advantage of opportunities for urban growth.
by Belinda Sue Valenti.
M.Arch.
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Eriksson, Kenneth Kaj Gustaf. "Umeå Castle 2020 : Housing complex for an informal competition." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Arkitekthögskolan vid Umeå universitet, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-171669.
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Gorbea, Díaz Carlos Enrique [Verfasser], Udo [Akademischer Betreuer] Lindemann, and Weck Olivier L. [Akademischer Betreuer] De. "Vehicle Architecture and Lifecycle Cost Analysis : In a New Age of Architectural Competition / Carlos Enrique Gorbea Diaz. Gutachter: Udo Lindemann ; Olivier L. De Weck. Betreuer: Udo Lindemann." München : Universitätsbibliothek der TU München, 2011. http://d-nb.info/102416165X/34.
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Hurley, Timothy C. (Timothy Colyer). "Is public space still possible? : lessons from City Hall Plaza ideas competition." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/67432.
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Thesis (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Architecture, 1995.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 101-102).
In Autumn, 1994, the City of Boston, in partnership with the Boston Society of Architects and the Building Owners and Managers Association, sponsored the Revitalizing City Hall Plaza Ideas Competition. The Competition sought ideas from design professionals and lay people for ways to popularize and invigorate City Hall Plaza. The program espoused by Mayor Menino was simple: "We must create an atmosphere that will more easily link the public to an open and accessible City Hall, and provide a meeting place for Boston's diverse community." This Competition represents two aspects of thought regarding public space; one specific and one general. Specifically, the effort to revitalize City Hall Plaza is consistent with long-standing desires to create or retain a high level of activity and stability in the Government Center vicinity. In focusing attention on the condition of the existing Plaza, this Competition continues a tradition of seeking a strong anchor for downtown Boston, maintaining an urban vitality and richness, and creating an image bespeaking Boston's regional and national prominence. Generally, the Competition created avenues for discussions of the nature and role of public space. From 190 Competition entries it is possible to determine categories that reflect two different approaches to the design and consideration of public space. One is the Morphological approach, in which considerations of the physical form of the space and the urban fabric are primary. The other is the Programmatic approach, which stresses activities and programmed attractions independently of physical form. Using these entries and categories as data, a comparison of the categories is made which suggests that the Morphological approach is more appropriate for effecting long-term legibility and structure to a city. However, the salient characteristics of the Programmatic cannot be overlooked, especially in a modern economy. Therefore, it is ultimately concluded that the vitality of a city is best served when the immediacy of the Programmatic is appropriately housed in the permanence of the Morphological. To achieve this is to retain a vision of purposes for cities and their spaces beyond mere functionality, which speaks to the aspirations for community and humanness that have historically informed the creation of public space.
by Timothy C. Hurley.
M.S.
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Samsel, James Everett. "Selecting private developers for projects with public purpose : development competitions of the Pennsylvania Avenue Development Corporation." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/77344.
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Lewis, J. Stuart. "Continuity and progress in a strongly traditional environment : reworking the Samarkand competition." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/24119.
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Perry, John. "Compete : Urban Land Institute / Gerald D. Hines student urban design competition." Manhattan, Kan. : Kansas State University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/1487.
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Galea, Salvatore. "Recycling industrial architecture into the city fabric : the "Progetto-Bicocca" Pirelli International Competition, Milan, Italy." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/66344.
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Bels, Marie. "Les grands projets de la justice française : stratégies et réalisations architecturales du ministère de la Justice (1991 - 2001)." Thesis, Paris Est, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PEST1045.
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En 1991, le ministère de la Justice français engage un vaste programme de construction de nouveaux palais de justice et d'agrandissements de bâtiments historiques. Plus de vingt-cinq opérations seront mises en œuvre en l'espace de dix ans, ce qui représente, en surface, la moitié de ce qui a été construit durant tout le XIXe siècle. A la modernisation indispensable des conditions de travail de ses fonctionnaires, la Chancellerie ajoute une forte demande de monumentalité, afin de renouveler l'image de l'institution que les cités judiciaires de la période précédente auraient contribué à banaliser. La logique de l'équipement caractéristique de l'organisation et du déroulement des concours se combine alors avec une logique de grands projets, dans laquelle la capacité de création des architectes est sollicitée directement. Après avoir examiné les conditions programmatiques et symboliques de la commande, nous analysons dans le détail les rendus de concours de la dizaine d'opérations neuves importantes et, plus rapidement, les petites opérations neuves et les agrandissements de bâtiments historiques significatifs. Nous verrons alors comment les nouveaux dispositifs qui se mettent en place, en termes d'espace et de composition architecturale, contribuent à faire évoluer la typologie, à modifier les repères symboliques, et à promouvoir d'autres formes d'organisation et de représentation de l'institution judiciaireIn 1991, the french Ministry of Justice launched a vast program of new Court buildings and enlargement of historical ones. In ten years, more than twenty five projects will be started, representing half of what had been built during the entire XIXth century surface-wise. To the much needed modernization of the working conditions of its civil servants, the Ministry adds a strong request for monumentality in order to renew the image of the institution which the judiciary cities of the previous period had contributed to banalize. The buildings' own logic, inherent to such competition, combined with typical large projects dynamic, directly appealed to the architect creativity. After looking into the programming and symbolic conditions of the command, we analyze in detail the rendering of the ten most important new building in competition, then in lesser details the smaller operations and the enlargement of some of the more remarkable old buildings. We will then see how the new game plan that comes into line in term of space use and architectural composition, contributes to renew the typology, to set up new symbolic systems and to promote new organizations leading to a new representation of the judiciary
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Buc, Calderon Cristian. "Temporal dynamics and neural architecture of action selection." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/229408.
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In this thesis we pitted two views of action selection. On the one hand, a traditional view suggesting that action selection emerges from a sequential process whereby perception, cognition and action proceed serially and are subtended by distinct brain areas. On the other hand, an ecological view (formalized in the affordance competition hypothesis) advocating that action selection stems from the parallel implementation of potential action plans. In parallel, the competition between these action plans would be biased by relevant task factors. We first addressed the issue of the temporal dynamics of action selection processes in Chapter 2. We built a reaching task design that crucially gave equal opportunities for serial and parallel processing of cognitive and motor processes to occur. In our study, we first cued participants with probabilities associated to upcoming potential reaches. After several hundreds of milliseconds, participants were given a deterministic go signal indicating which target to reach for. They had to reach for the signaled target as fast as possible. Importantly, our design tries to cope with the biases involved in previous reaching tasks, allowing for a much more informative way to tackle the issue of serial versus parallel processing in action selection. We show that effects of action probability are not only present in the initiation time (i.e. the time it takes to initiate the movement), but crucially also in the movement time (i.e. the time interval between movement initiation and target reaching). Furthermore, an analysis of the movement trajectories showed that reach probability influenced the trajectories according to the predicted pattern. Thus, these results back up a system where cognitive and motor processes continuously interact with one another to come up with a decision. After clarifying the temporal dynamics, we concentrate our efforts on exposing the neural architecture of processes subtending action selection in Chapter 3. In a two-choice button press task, participants were first cued with predictive information regarding upcoming button presses. Crucially, we experimentally manipulated the amount of information in favor of specific button presses whilst adopting a design as similar as possible to those used in monkey neurophysiology (e.g. Cisek & Kalaska, 2005). Using fMRI, our results showed that as information in favor a button press increases, so does activity in the contralateral primary motor cortex, while activity in the ipsilateral primary motor cortex decreases. Moreover, we observed that primary motor regions are more tightly coupled with fronto-parietal areas in a condition involving a decision compared with a situation not implicating a decision between two button presses. Our results are compatible with an account predicting that decision-making emerges from motor areas, and therefore suggest that the architecture presented in the affordance competition hypothesis is not only valid in monkeys but also humans. In Chapter 4, we combine the findings acquired in the studies of chapter 2 and 3 with recent neurophysiological insights to develop a neuro-computational model capable of grasping the continuous interaction between cognitive and motor processes, responsible for the behavioral pattern in reach selection tasks. Our model functions on the principles of cascade forward models whereby activation at one stage of processing systematically spills to the next one, thereby substantially blurring the boundaries between perceptive, cognitive and motor processes. Contrary to most computational models confining action selection processes prior to action execution, our model allows for these processes to leak into action execution. Moreover, the threshold for action execution is not fixed, but rather dynamic and crucially depends on the activity pattern of the model’s primary motor neurons. We propose that the modification of the threshold is governed by the subthalamic nucleus, receiving direct input signals from the primary motor cortex and in turn imposing a dynamical brake on action execution. By including this dynamical threshold, our model has the advantage that it can release movement execution either rapidly or slowly depending on the context. Our model accounts not only for initiation times, but also movement times in reaching task studies. Furthermore, it can grasp the qualitative pattern of movement trajectories. This study suggests that to explain unfolding actions a classical fixed threshold is not sufficient, but rather an execution threshold level that is continuously being updated depending on the context is required.Doctorat en Sciences psychologiques et de l'éducation
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Begna, Sultan Hussein. "Agronomic and physiological aspects of competition for light between corn hybrids differing in canopy architecture and weeds." Thesis, McGill University, 1999. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=35572.
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The problems associated with short growing seasons has led to the development of leafy-reduced stature (LRS) corn hybrids. These hybrids have more leaf area above the ear, more rapid leaf area development, shorter stature, earlier maturity, and better responses to high plant populations and narrow spacings than conventional hybrids. Plants grown in a reduced light environment are limited in carbon assimilation and this, in turn, results in reductions in growth and development. A way to supplement the availability of photosynthate is injection of sucrose into plant stems. The objective of this thesis was to determine the ability of LRS corn plants to compete with weeds, and the reactions of weed species to the shade, including the relationships between weed growth (increase in biomass) and development (shape) under shaded conditions. Three years of field experiments (LRS and more conventional corn hybrids with both transplanted and naturally growing weeds) and two years of greenhouse work [weeds alone, C3 (lamb's quarters and velvetleaf) and C4 (redroot pigweed) in full sun or deep (75%) shade injected with 15% sucrose or not] were conducted. Yield reductions due to weed pressure were lower for LRS than other hybrids. Biomass production by both transplanted and naturally occurring weeds was up to 85% less under corn canopies than when grown without competition from corn. The biomass of C4 weeds was more reduced by competition with corn plants than that of C3 weeds. In spite of quick and early leaf development, leaves and other plant parts of LRS were not damaged excessively by mechanical (rotary hoeing) weed control. Both C3 and C4 weed plants produced more dry matter when injected with sucrose. Dry weights of sucrose injected shaded plants were not different from full sun uninjected plants. However, sucrose injection did not alter shading effects on development (distribution of biomass). Dry matter production and photosynthetic rates of C4 weeds were more reduced
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Hussein, Sultan Begna. "Agronomic and physiological aspects of competition for light between corn hybrids differing in canopy architecture and weeds." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape2/PQDD_0030/NQ64511.pdf.
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Suzuki, Eduardo Hideo. "Concursos de arquitetura e urbanismo no Brasil de 1984 a 2012: a eficiência dos concursos públicos nacionais." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/16/16138/tde-01092016-173101/.
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Os concursos nacionais de projetos de arquitetura e urbanismo sempre foram considerados importantes processos para a democratização e a consolidação desses campos no Brasil. Contribuem para o aprimoramento da produção e do exercício profissional, podem possibilitar a solidificação de obras emblemáticas e suscitar uma discussão crítica sobre sua contemporaneidade. A maioria dos arquitetos e urbanistas concorda com a grande importância e manutenção desse processo para a escolha dos projetos públicos, possibilitando o acesso ao mercado de trabalho para os jovens e para os melhores profissionais. Mas, também, pairam dúvidas quanto à eficácia, eficiência e efetividade em sua realização. Diante dessa situação, foram pesquisados 29 anos de concursos nacionais realizados no país. Esse levantamento proporcionou dados estatísticos, informações importantes e depoimentos valiosos dos vencedores e premiados sobre fatos ocorridos após os eventos de premiação: a contratação, a realização dos projetos e a execução da obra. Embasada nestes dados, a tese termina com observações e recomendações para a valorização profissional e a melhoria na eficiência dos concursos públicos nacionais de arquitetura e urbanismo no Brasil.National competitions for design in architecture and urbanism have considered always been an important process in the democratization and consolidation of these fields in Brazil. They contribute not only to the improvement of production and professional practice, but can also enable solidification of iconic projects and raise a critical discussion on their contemporaneity. Most of the architects and urbanists agree with the great importance of this process as well as its maintenance for the selection of public projects, allowing the possibility of young and top-notch professionals to obtain work for public institutions. However, there are still uncertainties about the efficiency and effectiveness in their realization. Given this situation, 29 years of national competitions in Brazil were researched. This survey provided statistical data, important information and valuable testimonials of winners and other laureates. Regarding facts occurring after prize giving cerimonies, such as the having procedures, design development and construction work. At the end of the thesis, observations and recommendations were forwarded in terms of what is believed to be important not only for professional development but also for an improvement in the efficiency of the national public competitions architecture and urbanism in Brazil.
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Saadatmand, Fatemeh. "Shared Platform Coopetition: The Paradoxical Tension between Stabilized Cooperation and Intensified Competition." Licentiate thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Akademin för bibliotek, information, pedagogik och IT, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-11850.
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Atterhög, Mikael. "The effect of competition and ownership policies on the housing market." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Bygg- och fastighetsekonomi, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-140.
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This dissertation consists of five studies presented in seven essays. The overall objectives are to investigate the extent and consequences of competition on the rental housing market as well as the importance of national government policies for the substitute good, i.e. owner-occupied housing. However, each essay also has specific objectives. Due to the characteristics of the housing market, one should not expect competition to be very fierce. The market characteristics are, for instance, capital-intensive, complicated and time-consuming construction processes as well as a limited supply of land in many areas. In fact, firms have a lot to gain from colluding and to avoid e.g. price wars. It is therefore theoretically more likely that housing companies will engage in “functional” or “strategic” competition such as the quality of housing services. Essay I and IV analyze the unique municipal housing market in Sweden where apartment rents are determined by negotiations between the local municipal company and the local Union of Tenants. A regression analysis is applied on data from 30 municipalities. There was a strong correlation between apartment rents at local municipal markets and the level of “external” competition (measured by the price level on the market for single-family owner occupied housing), but not with “internal” competition (measured by the market share of the municipal housing company) or the capital expenditure of the municipal housing company (presumed to reflect historical construction and renovation costs for the apartments). The dissertation also investigates the consequences on rents (essay II) and on the quality of housing services (essay III) from a local Swedish municipal housing company selling a substantial part of its apartment stock (15-40 percent) and thereby theoretically creating more competition. These essays use a quasi-experimental methodology whereby the development of the housing market in a privatization town is compared with the development in a very similar comparison town. It is found that privatization has lead to lower rents in the short- and medium-term in six out of seven privatization towns. The development of the quality of housing services was more related to the performance of each individual company and not a specific category of companies. In essay V, these results are merged and developed further. Essay VI presents a wide range of policies available for governments wishing to increase access to home ownership for low-income households and thereby increasing the pressure on rental housing companies to reduce rents. A systematic overview of policies is provided based on the four distinct time periods of a typical ‘housing career’ of a household; i.e. down payment accumulation stage, transaction stage, ownership stage and selling stage. It is found that many policies are required to meet the specific and differing needs of households for governments wishing to encourage home ownership. Essay VII describes that home ownership rates have increased in almost all industrialized countries during the period from World War II until mid-1990s. The essay analyses the implications of government policies and some other factors (e.g. national wealth, income distribution) on home ownership rates in 13 industrialized countries during the period 19702000. A fixed-effect model is applied on a panel data set. The most important result is that a statistically significant and positive correlation between government support and home ownership rates was found although this is only a preliminary conclusion since data was scarce.Avhandlingen består av fem studier presenterade i sju essäer. Den övergripande målsättningenär att undersöka konkurrensens omfattning och effekter på bostadshyresmarknaden samtbetydelsen av statliga stödsystem för substitutvaran till hyresbostäder, nämligen olika formerför bostadsägande. Varje essä har också specifika målsättningar.Inledningsvis så bör man inte förvänta sig omfattande konkurrens på bostadshyresmarknadenpga dess särdrag, exempelvis så är byggprocessen kapitalintensiv, kompliceradoch långsam och tillgången på mark är ytterst begränsad på flera delmarknader. I själva verketså har företagen mycket att vinna från att samarbeta och undvika tex priskrig. Teoretiskt så ärdet därför mer sannolikt att bostadsföretag ägnar sig åt ”funktionell” eller ”strategisk” konkurrenssom exempelvis kvaliteten på bostadstjänster.Essä I och IV analyserar konkurrensen på den unika svenska hyresmarknaden där bostadshyrorsätts i förhandlingar mellan det lokala allmännyttiga bostadsföretaget och hyresgästföreningen.Data från 30 kommuner analyseras med hjälp av regressionsanalys. Resultatetvisade en stark korrelation mellan hyresnivån i allmännyttans bostadsbestånd på kommunnivåoch ”extern” konkurrens från liknande ’produkter’ (motsvarande prisnivån på egnahem), meninte med ”intern” konkurrens från andra bostadsföretag (motsvarande allmännyttans marknadsandel)eller allmännyttans kapitalkostnader (som antas främst motsvara byggkostnadernaför lägenheterna).Avhandlingen undersöker även konsekvenserna på hyra (essä II) och kvalitet (essä III) frånen försäljning av en omfattande del (15-40%) av en allmännyttas bostadsbestånd. Teoretisktskapar detta mer konkurrens. Dessa essäer använder sig av en kvasi-experimentell metodikvarvid utvecklingen på en konkurrensutsatt bostadsmarknad i en tätort jämförs med utvecklingeni en annan snarlik tätort. Det visade sig att hyresnivån i sex av sju konkurrensutsattatätorter hade sjunkit på kort och medellång sikt. Däremot visade sig kvalitetsnivån främstvara beroende på den enskilda hyresvärden och inte på hyresvärdens kategori (privat ellerkommunal). Essä V slår samman dessa resultat och utvecklar materialet ytterligare.Essä VI diskuterar ett stort antal medel (eng ’policies’) för en statsmakt som önskar attgöra ägande av bostaden mer tillgängligt för låginkomstgrupper och därigenom bl a ökapressen på hyrorna på bostadsmarknaden. Medlen är systematiskt beskrivna i enlighet med defyra distinkta tidsperioderna för en ’typisk’ bostadskarriär; nämligen stadiet när kontantinsatseninsparas, överlåtelsestadiet, ägandestadiet och försäljningsstadiet. Studien visade attdet troligen behövs ett flertal medel för att möta hushållens specifika och skilda behov omman avser att uppmuntra hemägande.Essä VII beskriver att andelen som äger sin bostad har ökat i nästan samtliga industriländerfrån andra världskriget fram till mitten av 1990-talet. Essän analyserar konsekvenserna avmyndighetsstöd och flera andra faktorer (tex BNP-utveckling, inkomstfördelning) för andelenhushåll som äger sin bostad i 13 industriländer under perioden 1970-2000. En fix-effektmodell appliceras på ett paneldataset. Det främsta resultatet var att det fanns en statistisktsignifikant och positiv korrelation mellan andelen som äger sin bostad och omfattningen påmyndigheternas stöd. Resultatet är dock endast preliminärt då tillgången på data varbegränsad.
QC 20100831
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Blake, Stacey A. "Competition or admiration? : Byzantine visual culture in Western Imperial Courts, 497-1002." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2015. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/5958/.
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The following dissertation reassess previous explanations for the transmission of Byzantine iconography to western material culture that have been classified by the classical canon as being manifestations of a ‘barbarian’ ruler attempting to legitimize their fledgling culture. The tumultuous relationship between the east and the west during the Late Antique period to the middle Byzantine period and the subsequent visual culture that demonstrates cross-cultural exchange comprises the majority of my analysis. I approach the topic in a case study fashion focusing on five rulers: Theodoric, Charlemagne, and the three Ottos. The source material chosen for this dissertation varies as it has been selected based on claims by previous scholarship of demonstrating some level of Byzantine influence. My re-examination of these works includes the application of an interdisciplinary theoretical framework first postulated by Robert Hayden: Competitive Sharing. This theory suggests that material culture displaying syncretism was not a reflection of admiration, but of competition. An implication of this study is that art was an active participant in the relationship between the east and the west, serving as a communicative device, rather than as the more frequently cited passive role of a conduit for iconographical transmission or cultural legitimization.
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Hoetmer, Derek. "CenterScapes : waste landscapes into thriving communities." Kansas State University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/15777.
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Master of Landscape ArchitectureDepartment of Landscape Architecture/Regional and Community Planning
Jason Brody
Within the past decade, waste landscapes of decaying regional shopping centers and malls have been transformed into new buildings, streets, and towns— otherwise known as greyfield redevelopments. The most successful of these greyfield redevelopment projects are designed as vibrant town centers that exhibit traits of larger 24-hour cities. Unfortunately, landscape has been less relevant within these projects than they have in historical town center precedents. Landscape architecture originated from societal, cultural, and environmental needs and emerged as a profession to meet those needs. Theory, research, and design principles have emerged as well from studying the importance of landscape within the urban realm. Based upon the theory of Landscape Urbanism, landscape should be the primary element of urban order and that landscape architects possess the ability to enhance these multi-disciplinary projects. In CenterScapes, explorative design projects act as experimental subjects for a landscape architecture approach to current successful greyfield-redevelopment-into-town-center design. This masters project illustrates design research in theory, precedent, design principle, analysis, and explorative design through two applications. While both applications exhibit traits of a greyfield-redevelopment-into-town-center typology, one is designed solely by landscape architects and the other is designed by an interdisciplinary team represented by architectural, landscape architectural, and real estate development disciplines. This report functions to reveal the importance of strategically allocated and designed open space to act as catalysts for new town center developments.
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Zmijanovic, Vladanka. "New principles and variations in the architecture of Alvar Aalto : Competition entry for the hospital complex of Zagreb, Yugoslavia (1930-1931)." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/396327.
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The thesis is based on the beginning of the creation of Aalto's architectural language where are observed and analyzed some new principles, one step away from his first projects of "Functionalism", "extracted" from a vast project, little known, neither awarded nor performed: the International Competition entry for the Hospital Complex in Zagreb, Yugoslavia (1930/1931). This hospital complex, is not a hospital building, but a complex project: "Hospital City" which Aalto referred to as "Acropolis", located on the hill, next to the city center, divided into a few parts: The General Hospital (Foundation Hospital), The Clinics of the University of Medicine, Residential and Administrative zone, Service area of the Complex and Sanatorium. The main focus of the thesis is the search for the origins and the meanings in the context of new ideas born in this project and performed in many of Aalto's future projects. We could understand these new ideas as the new principles in Aalto's architectural language in different levels. The thesis contains three main thematic units of this study. The first part contains some context information about Aalto's trajectory and the beginning of the creation of his fundamental principles. The second part briefly describes the context of this International competition. The third part and also the main and broadest part of all this study; consists of the analysis of different parts of the Aalto's competition entry, where their new principles are analyzed in the context of the place and the competition, taken from the functional units of the hospital complex. Throughout the development of all these parts, it can be observed that Aalto incorporates in this project eight important principles that we recognize in almost all his future work. The word "principle here is used in a broader"context of his architectural language, not limited to formal composition study, but about the most complex investigation of the origins and meanings based on Aalto's own thoughts and different theories, connections with ancient cultures, connection with the place, genius loci, metaphorical-symbolic and functional meanings. These principles are named in the analysis of the project as PR.1-8 (complex parts I-VI). Their derivations and variations are parallel analyzed in some known Aalto's works. Knowing this context frame where new significant elements of his architecture are born, we can get to better understand origin, genesis and transformation in other works and other contexts. Many times a critic of a specific work of the author, is based on the one concrete context and use, without knowing the true origin of the analyzed component of his architectural language. The other observation confirmed throughout the study is that Aalto's architectural language was based from the start on the elementary forms as the "the masterly, correct and magnificent play of masses brought together in light." (Le Corbusier, 1923) and that many variations of all these initial principles and their infinite combinations between exterior-interior-exterior, they transformed along the Aalto's trajectory, generating "new forms" in the late phaseLa tesis se basa en el principio de la creación del lenguaje arquitectónico de Alvar Aalto, donde se observan y analizan algunos nuevos principios, a un paso de sus primeros proyectos del Funcionalismo, extraidos de un proyecto muy extenso pero poco conocido, no realizado ni premiado: Concurso Internacional del Complejo hospitalario de Zagreb, Yugoslavia (1930/31). Esta "ciudad hospitalaria" Aalto llamaba "Acrópolis", situada en la colina del centro de la ciudad, contiene diferentes partes: Hospital General, Clínicas de la Universidad de Medicina, Zona Residencial y Administrativa, Servicio común del conjunto y el Sanatorio. El principal enfoque de la tesis es la búsqueda de orígenes y significados en el marco del contexto concreto de nuevas ideas nacidas en este proyecto que se realizan posteriormente en muchas obras de Aalto, analizando su forma de existencia, en la relación exterior-interior-exterior. Estas nuevas ideas del proyecto podrían ser entendidas como nuevos principios del lenguaje arquitectónico de Aalto en los diferentes niveles. La tesis contiene tres principales unidades temáticas que abordan el tema. La primera parte contiene una breve descripción del contexto de Alvar Aalto. La segunda parte describe el contexto de este concurso internacional. La tercera parte, la principal y más amplia de todo este estudio, consiste en los análisis de diferentes partes del proyecto de Alvar Aalto para este concurso, donde se analizan sus nuevos principios en el contexto del lugar y del concurso, "extraídos" de las unidades funcionales del conjunto hospitalario. A lo largo del desarrollo de todas partes (seis zonas principales), observamos que Aalto incorpora en este proyecto ocho principios importantes que reconocemos en casi todas sus futuras obras, donde la palabra "principio" se usa en el sentido amplio de su propio lenguaje arquitectónico, no se limita solo al estudio formal-compositivo sino se trata de la búsqueda más compleja de los origines y significados basados en diferentes teorías, vinculos con las antiguas culturas, conexión con el lugar - genius loci y significados metafórico-simbólicos y sobre todo funcionales. Se denominan estos principios PR.1-8 en los análisis del proyecto (las partes del conjunto I-VI). Paralelamente se analizan sus derivaciones y variaciones que se reconocen en unas obras conocidas de Aalto. Conociendo este marco del contexto donde nacen unos significativos elementos de su arquitectura podríamos entender mejor su origen, génesis y transformaciones en otras obras y su "sostenibilidad" en esos otros contextos Muchas veces cuando se hace alguna crítica de la obra concreta del autor se analizan directo algunas características de estas obras realizadas a través de su contexto, sin conocer el origen verdadero del elemento del lenguaje arquitectónico analizado. La otra observación que se confirma a lo largo de este estudio es que el lenguaje propio de Aalto se formaba desde su principio como "un juego sabio, correcto y magnifico de los volúmenes (formas básicas) bajo la luz" (Le Corbusier, 1923) y que con muchas variaciones de todos estos principios iniciales y sus infinitas combinaciones en el sistema (como en el ecosistema de la naturaleza) en la relación exterior -interior-exterior, ellos se transformaban a lo largo de su trayectoria generando unas "nuevas formas" en sus últimas fases.
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Andersson, Jonas E. "Architecture and Ageing : On the Interaction between Frail Older People and the Built Environment." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Arkitektonisk gestaltning, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-40483.
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This doctoral thesis deals with the type of architecture that materializes when age-related problems become a long-term condition (LTC) and gradually restrain the individual’s ability to perform activities in daily life (ADL). Their life situation necessitates a support from relatives or municipal eldercare staff in order for them to continue to participate in everyday living. In addition, the architectural space requires a close adjustment to the personal panorama of cognitive or functional impairments. The habitat can be a flat appropriated many years previously or in a residential care home for dependent and frail seniors. Architecture for ageing with dependency demonstrates how space can be used either to affirm or oppress the older person’s attempts to maintain an independent life style. By use of design theory, case study methodology and a heterogeneous research strategy, this study uses a threefold approach—a retrospective, a contemporaneous, and a future-oriented approach—to explore frail older people’s interaction with the architectural space of residential care homes. This has resulted in seven papers that focus on aspects of these human interactions with the built environment. Based on twelve exemplary models, the research paper I concludes that national guidelines result in a homelike, a hotel-like or a hospital-like environment. Research paper II is a retrospective study that examines the use of architecture competitions as a socio-political instrument to define architectural guidelines. Research paper III focuses on dependent seniors’ spatial appropriation of the communally shared space of a ward in a residential care home. Research paper IV employs two environmental assessment methods from the architecture profession and gerontological research (TESS-NH) in order to evaluate the use of interior colouring when refurbishing two residential care homes while the residents remained in place. Research paper V displays a municipal organizer’s considerations to opt for an architecture competition as a means of renewing architecture for the ageing population. Research paper VI examines competition documentation of three municipal architecture competitions organized during the period of 2006 to 2009. Research paper VII, the final study, explores notions concerning the appropriate space for ageing found among a group of municipal representatives, and people from organizations defending older people’s right. It supplies a model for understanding the appropriate space for ageing. This study illustrates the absence of older people with frailties in the public discussion about appropriate architecture for ageing. During the 20th century, the multi-dimensional idea of an architectural space with a homelike appearance has been used to contrast the negatively charged opposite—the complete and austere institution. The overarching conclusion of this study is that architecture for dependent and frail seniors constitutes a particular type of built space that requires an extended dialogue involving dependent seniors, architects, building contractors and care planners in order to conceive appropriate architecture for the ageing society.QC 20110921
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Piippo, S. (Sari). "Grazing tolerance of biennial meadow plants in relation to resource availability." Doctoral thesis, University of Oulu, 2010. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789514262111.
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Abstract
In this thesis I studied responses of three biennial, monocarpic plants Erysimum strictum, Gentianella amarella, and G. campestris, to various aspects in resource availability (i.e. competition, mineral nutrition, neighbor removal) and environmental stress (early frost) at adult or rosette stages and how these effects are related to grazing tolerance. I also studied how manipulations in resource availability affected arbuscular mycorrhizal colonization of the roots.
All three species were relatively tolerant to simulated grazing and in most cases plants were able to compensate quite well for minor biomass losses. According to the compensatory continuum hypothesis, tolerance is most pronounced in resource-rich conditions, but this was not always the case in the present experiments. Erysimum strictum compensated for defoliation at the rosette stage but the reproductive output of adult plants was reduced markedly in the next year. This reduction was strongest among fertilized plants. Moreover, apex removal at the adult stage resulted in overcompensation (i.e. clipped plants were more productive) but only in the absence of fertilization and in the presence of competition, which is against the compensatory continuum hypothesis. In E. strictum a potential cost of compensation appeared as delayed flowering and fruit maturation among clipped plants. However, in spite of early frost treatment clipped plants were still able to overcompensate. In Gentianella amarella and G. campestris, apex removal reduced growth and reproductive performance in most cases. Effects on root fungal parameters were positive or neutral. This pattern suggests that simulated above-ground herbivory tends to increase carbon limitation, and therefore regrowing shoots and the fungal symbionts may appear as alternative, competing sinks for the limited carbon reserves of the host plant.
Both shoot architecture and resource availability modify the responses of the study plants to apical damage at both rosette and adult stages. In addition, different environmental stress factors affect success in compensatory growth.
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Durmishi, Odeta. "Competing Urban Visions For The Capital Of Albania: International Projects For Tirana City Centre." Master's thesis, METU, 2008. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/2/12610112/index.pdf.
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This thesis concentrates on urban regeneration as a strategy of urban transformation in general and in the context of post-communist countries in particular. The spatial transformations in cities resulted by the urban renewal and regeneration processes are currently under discussion in Albania. The present research is based on three pillars: a review of the urban transformation, renewal and regeneration in the West and in post-socialist cities in particularexploring the historical formation and transformation of the Tirana city centre
and finally the regeneration of the city centre through a series of international competitions as a completely new model introduced by the municipality. The thesis focuses particularly on the international competition organized to obtain the master plan for the regeneration of the Tirana city centre
it compares the main concepts, ideas and features of the three shortlisted entries: Those of Architecture Studio, Mecanoo Arkitekten and Boles and Wilson. The winning master plan is evaluated with regard to the objectives of the regeneration, its integration with the existing built environment and open spaces, as well as the process of implementation. Within this framework, the thesis aims to study and evaluate this process to direct the urban development through a master plan competition completed by a series of urban design and architectural competitions. The process of regeneration of the centre of Tirana illustrates that despite the increased capacity of the citizens in Albania in participating in the decision making of the government, the public participation in the planning process was a difficult task despite the efforts of the Municipality. Yet, the enthusiasm that the new vision of Tirana brings is considerable.
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Fernandes, Ana Luisa Bela. "Arquitectura e desenvolvimento social.Intervenções de contingência.Desenvolvimento de proposta de habitação no âmbito do open source house design competition." Master's thesis, Faculdade de Arquitectura de Lisboa, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/2898.
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Tese de Mestrado em Arquitectura de InterioresO objectivo deste estudo é o de desenvolver uma proposta de projecto de arquitectura para uma habitação que satisfaça as condições básicas humanas no âmbito do Concurso OS House – Open Source House Design Competition, segundo um pensamento sustentável. Procura-se perceber e propor uma arquitectura que possa responder de forma eficaz perante uma situação de grande carência socioeconómica e equacionar como a arquitectura poderá tornar-se uma ferramenta ágil e capaz de ajudar a resolver os problemas básicos da condição humana no domínio da habitação, de forma sustentável e com economia de recursos. Pretende-se assim, estudar como a arquitectura pode melhorar a qualidade de vida das pessoas quando estas são confrontadas com situações de precariedade. Procura-se avaliar as condições do local destinado a esta proposta - o Gana, e equacionar soluções de intervenção que minimizem a crise habitacional vivida neste país. O presente relatório de projecto final no contexto da arquitectura e desenvolvimento social, inicia-se com a participação no Concurso OS House – Open Source House Design Competition e incide no Caso de Estudo do Gana, partindo da análise das condições de vida da população pertencente à classe média emergente deste país no objectivo de elaborar uma proposta de habitação. Com este estudo, pretendem-se lançar contributos para um debate quanto à problemática da habitação e do respectivo projecto de arquitectura num contexto em vias de desenvolvimento. Parafraseando Cameron Sinclair, acredito que “onde os recursos e competência técnica forem escassos, o projecto inovador e sustentável pode fazer diferença na vida das pessoas” e contornar o problema social da habitação sentido em alguns países do mundo, bem como a crise habitacional que se sente actualmente no Gana.
The purpose of this study is to develop an architectural project proposal for a dwelling that meets the basic human conditions within the Contest OS House - Open Source House Design Competition, according to a sustainable concept. We seek to understand and propose an architecture that may effectively respond to a situation of high socio-economic deprivation, and consider how architecture can become a flexible tool to help solving basic problems of human condition in the field of housing, in a sustainable and resource-saving manner. Thus, the aim is to study how architecture can improve people’s quality of life whenever they confront precarious situations. We aim to assess the conditions of the site for this proposal - Ghana, considering intervention solutions that can minimize house living crisis in this country. This final Master Degree project, presenting a proposal for housing in the context of architecture and social development, begins by participating in the Contest OS House - Open Source House Design Competition, focuses on the Case Study of Ghana and is based on an analysis of living conditions of the population that belongs to the emerging middle class of the country. With this study, I intend to launch a contribution to a debate about issues of housing and its architectural design in the contingency context and economic fragility. To paraphrase Cameron Sinclair, we believe that “where resources and expertise are scarce, the innovative and sustainable design may make the difference in peoples lives”, and help to minimize the social housing problem in some countries in the world, as well as the housing crisis that actually affects Ghana.
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Pereira, Carolina Celete Pinto 1984. "Habitação coletiva de interesse social e cidade : análise dos concursos Renova SP (São Paulo, Brasil) e Vallecas 49 (Madri, Espanha)." [s.n.], 2014. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/258065.
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Orientador: Leandro Silva MedranoDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Civil, Arquitetura e Urbanismo
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-25T18:36:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Pereira_CarolinaCeletePinto_M.pdf: 24153611 bytes, checksum: a528e0ddf6f46ead5f7dfb9a96326647 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014
Resumo: Os concursos de arquitetura têm sido um instrumento recorrente na busca por inovação e solução de problemas complexos da metrópole. Além disso, é devido considerar o fato dos concursos serem um sistema legal de contratação tendo como objetivo a realização de obras públicas, como no caso das habitações de interesse social. Recomenda-se através da Constituição Brasileira, por meio da Lei 8666, que o concurso de arquitetura "aberto", caracterizado pelo anonimato e isonomia, seja "preferencialmente" aplicado dando cabimento, então, às contratações justificadas pelo "notório saber", qualificados como os concursos "fechados". O déficit habitacional brasileiro é de aproximadamente 4 milhões de habitações. Visando a reversão desses números, o Governo Federal Brasileiro lançou desde 2007, o Programa "Minha Casa Minha Vida", que até o presente momento realizou cerca de 1 milhão de habitações. Por outro lado, a Espanha construiu mais de 5 milhões de unidades habitacionais entre 2000 e 2005, dando origem a conhecida "bolha imobiliária" que contribuiu com a atual crise econômica e financeira do país. Salva as devidas proporções, a experiência espanhola é um exemplo considerável, tendo como objetivo a realização de habitações de interesse social por meio dos concursos de arquitetura. Dessa forma, optou-se pelo delineamento do estudo de caso, sendo então avaliados dois Concursos de Arquitetura para habitações de interesse social, que são: o Concurso Renova SP, organizado pela Secretaria de Habitação do Estado de São Paulo, em 2011 e Vallecas 49, promovido pela Emplesa Municipal de la Vivienda y Suelo de Madri, em 2006. Diante desse cenário, esta pesquisa objetiva identificar os parâmetros utilizados na organização dos concursos por meio da comparação dos editais entre si, além da comparação destes com as atas dos julgamentos, complementadas, também, com entrevistas com os participantes, os promotores e a banca julgadora dos dois estudos de caso. Com base nesse método, foi possível identificar as semelhanças e diferenças que prejudicaram ou qualificaram o processo e propor, então, uma espécie de roteiro para viabilizar e qualificar a elaboração de futuros concursos de arquitetura
Abstract: The architectural competitions are an instrument looking for innovation and solving complex problems of the metropolis. The competitions are a legal system with the objective of hiring public works, as in the case of social housing. It is recommended by the Law 8666, the "open" competition, characterized by its anonymity and equality, as "preferably" applied, giving place to the hiring justified by "public knowledge", named as "invited" competitions. The Brazilian housing deficit is approximately 6 million homes. Aiming to reverse those numbers, the Brazilian Federal Government launched since 2007, a Program named "Minha Casa Minha Vida", which until now held about 1 million homes. Moreover, Spain has built more than 5 million dwellings between 2000 and 2005, yielding known "housing bubble" that contributed to the current financial and economic crisis in the country. For good and ill, the Spanish experience is an important example, aiming the realization of social housing by the architectural competitions. That way, a case study was chosen as methodology by evaluating two architectural competitions for social housing, which are: Renova SP Competition, organized by the Department of Housing of the State of São Paulo, in 2011 and Vallecas 49, sponsored by Madrid¿s Municipal Agency, in 2006. Given this scenario, this research aims to identify the parameters utilized in the organization of both competitions by the parallel between each public notice, and the comparison of them with the judgment protocol, further on the interviews with the participants, promoters and juries. From this method, it was possible to identify the similarities and the contrasts that prejudiced or qualified the process in both cases, so that it is proposed a kind of guideline, which aims to facilitate and improve the formulation of futures architectural competitions
Mestrado
Arquitetura, Tecnologia e Cidade
Mestre em Arquitetura, Tecnologia e Cidade
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Rosen, James. "Dokumentation av en Tävlingsprocess - Jøssingfjords Stenbrottsmuseum." Thesis, KTH, Arkitektur, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-53212.
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Dokumentation av en Tävlingsprocess - Jøssingfjords Stenbrottsmuseum Avsikten med detta examensarbete var att utföra en tidsbegränsad tävling och samtidigt dokumentera arbetsprocessen. När tävlingsförslaget var färdigställt analyserades processen och resultatet. En strategi för hur projektet skulle arbetas vidare formulerades sedan. Målet var att hitta en personlig dokumentationsform som skulle ge en bra översikt av arbetet och som förhoppningsvis också skulle kunna användas för att hitta eventuella svagheter eller negativa mönster i den egna arbetsprocessen. Vid slutgenomgången ska projektet beskrivas genom processen tillsammans med de reflektioner jag och mina handledare har haft under projektets gång. Programval: Jag valde att använda programmet från en tävling som var aktuell när examensarbetet började. Tävlingen var ett stenbrottsmuseum i södra Norge. Initiativtagare var Dalarne rådet och programmetPresentationerna hölls på KTH:s biblioteket p.g.a. att Arkitekturskolan just hade brunnit.
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Price, Nina. "Waitangi Park : public land in competition : a thesis submitted to the Victoria University of Wellington in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in Sociology /." ResearchArchive@Victoria e-thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10063/1064.
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Scharff, Tácia Daniele. "Diagramas de partido arquitetônico : um estudo comparativo entre concursos estudantis de arquitetura e trabalhos finais de graduação." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/134402.
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O modo de representar graficamente a etapa da conceituação inicial do projeto, intitulado como partido arquitetônico, por meio de diagramas, é o assunto em debate nesta pesquisa. Consequentemente, os concursos de arquitetura e os trabalhos finais de graduação são uma importante fonte de análise, pois, nos dois casos, é preciso apresentar uma sólida explicação do projeto através de peças gráficas, de forma a esclarecer as intenções projetuais e convencer os avaliadores. A liberdade em questões de representação gráfica que os estudantes possuem instigou a escolha do universo de estudo, visto que, durante o processo de aprendizado, restrições como regras e padrões gráficos não se aplicam, o que incentiva os alunos a propor soluções diferentes e muitas vezes inusitadas. Portanto, o trabalho apresenta um estudo comparativo entre concursos internacionais, nacionais e trabalhos finais de graduação, com a intenção de apresentar as semelhanças e diferenças entre os exemplares estudados, e verificar a recorrência de estratégias de formulação dos diagramas de partido, o que possibilita uma averiguação de possível forma representativa mais resolutiva da etapa conceitual de projeto. Concluiu-se que os objetos de estudo apresentam mais semelhanças do que diferenças, e que não é possível caracterizar uma maneira padrão de representar o diagrama de partido. Porém, pode-se citar elementos relevantes na formulação de um diagrama de partido arquitetônico, como desenhos em perspectivas, palavras-chave, frases explicativas, cores, setas e pictogramas.The way to express graphically the project‟s initial conceptualization stage, entitled architectural concept through diagrams is the subject under discussion in this research. Therefore, architectural competitions and final degree projects are an important source of analysis, because in both cases you need to present a solid explanation of the project through graphic elements, in order to clarify the projective intentions and convince the evaluators. The freedom in graphical representation that students have instigated the choice for this study universe, since during the learning process restrictions like rules and graphic patterns do not apply, which encourage students to propose different and often unusual solutions. So, this work presents a comparative study of international and national competitions, as well as final degree projects, with the intention of presenting similarities and differences between the studied samples, and to verify the recurrence of formulating strategies of concept diagrams, which enables an investigation of a more resolute possible representative form of design conceptual stage. We concluded that the objects of this study have more similarities than differences, and it is not possible to characterize a standard way to represent the concept diagram. However, it can be cited relevant elements in the formulation of an architectural concept diagram, like drawings on prospects, keywords, explanatory phrases, colors, arrows and pictograms.
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Guilherme, Pedro Miguel Hernandez Salvador. "O concurso internacional de arquitetura como processo de internacionalização e investigação na arquitetura de Álvaro Siza Vieira e Eduardo Souto de Moura." Doctoral thesis, Universidade de Lisboa. Faculdade de Arquitetura, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/11525.
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Urbanczyk, Martin. "Webový simulátor fotbalových lig a turnajů." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta informačních technologií, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-403171.
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This thesis is about the creation of a simulator of football leagues and championships. I studied the problematics of football competitions and their systems and also about the base of machine learning. There was also an analysis of similar and existing solutions and I took inspiration for my proposal from them. After that, I made the design of the whole simulator structure and of all of its key parts. Then the simulator was implemented and tested. The application allows simulating top five competitions in UEFA club coefficients rating.
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Doušová, Aleška. "Řízení architektonických soutěží v Rakousku a ČR s přihlédnutím k významu kritérií udržitelnosti staveb." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-262181.
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This thesis analyses issues with the management of architectural competitions in the Czech Republic and Austria. The first part focuses on the contest participants and methods for public procurement in architecture in the Czech Republic, and analyses the critical parts of the competition. This is followed by a chapter dedicated to Austrias legal code on architectural competitions. The theoretical part concludes with a description of the current situation with regard to the sustainability of buildings and to their management in architectural competitions in the Czech Republic and Austria. The final chapters compare the process of building retirement homes in Austria and the Czech Republic. The projects compare the announcement of the architectural competition, the management of the competition and the overall process. Both projects are compared for the implementation of sustainability requirements. The aim of my paper is to present and compare architectural competitions in the Czech Republic and Austria, with an analysis of how much the sustainability of buildings is taken into account within the competition rules. This thesis was completed using an analysis of available materials, a description of the situation and a comparative study.
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Lin, Xian-Rong, and 林賢榮. "The Application for Visual Effect Strategies for Architectural Competition by the practices of three international architectural competitions." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/gwk4gm.
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碩士國立臺灣科技大學
建築系
103
Architectural design involved many different source of area, in these years, design diagrams start to create and compete in many countries. Through the internet is more and more popular in these year, there are more kinds of design diagrams competed with each other. Draft, profession, notice of area culture and conscious of environment is basic request, art is also consider in, for example: the aesthetics of architecture, presentation drawings, color theory, typesetting aesthetics…etc. Our study include 3 design diagrams 「LOTUS LAND」、「LOHAS Art Centre」、「Competition Helsinki Central Library 」 as our issue to announce to you. For father details of design rule and action, it will have main thought explanation and color planning remark in our design diagrams.
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Yang, Huai-sheng, and 楊懷生. "The Application on the design concept of architecture deriving from design thinking:by the practices of three international architectural competitions." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/wyvqzt.
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碩士國立臺灣科技大學
建築系
103
Architecture design is a complex subject, it involves various aspects, including art, culture, nature and so on. In order to transform complex information into clear and comprehensible design drawings as well as to respond to the design issues in the design process, we need a refined design concept to support the whole project. The aim of this study is to deduce design concept with design thinking methods, and collect more and wider ideas to compose concept and create more possibilities for the design. This paper is demonstrated with three international design competition projects: “The Micro House Ideas Competition”, “Collider Activity Center Competition”, “Urban Redevelopment Project At Tainan Main Station Area,”which are operated with two types of design thinking methods,'mental-graphic' and 'brainstorming'. Through the alternation of the two methods, several key words were produced and integrated into a concept. Furthermore, concrete and virtual models are simulations to demonstrate the realizability of the design. Plus, architecture drawing and perspective drawings are shown in the end. Learning achievement are contained in the appendix ,which the author has gained within design competitions, professional internships and design workshops, during the study of three years , 2011 to 2014, in FADS of graduated school of design in NTUST.
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Wu, Yen-Chih, and 吳妍緻. "The application of " User Behavior " as design strategies for architecture design : -by examples of "Houses for Change" and "Lost Spaces" architectural competitions." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/82754996902486966015.
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碩士國立臺灣科技大學
建築系
103
In current decade, the international competition becomes a popular trend. Our expectation and demands of the future can be found in the architecture design competitions both practically and ideally. The innovation of ideas is the key point to stand out from the others. Certainly, the main design owes the greater concept. Not all concepts can be applied in different design simultaneously. With the bases of the environment and the users changing, the design outcome would be effected. These elements need to be analyzed and collected carefully to realize the main purpose. From different perspectives to discuss the problems, requirment and apply different, designers characters, Thus would help designers not to diverge from the main topic. The thesis selected the“ User-Oriented design consideration”as the center of gravity. Use "Houses for Change" and "Lost Spaces” international competitions as example. To illustrate how to operat design of the goal and using groups in different competition. From initial brainstorming, the process of concept development, and the selecton of the design solution to the final presentation drawings; Luckily, the "Houses for Change" competition was awarded the third prize. This thesis also analyzed the other winning entries, by review and learning, each practice experience are all valuable. Every designer has their own design steps, and the source of inspiration is not different entirely as well. Designers engross in the concept brewing most. The paper provide a design strategy for architectural to make design diversify.
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Gomes, Alves Lino José. "L’archivage numérique des projets « Europan » comme situation d’analyse scientifique du concours d’idées en architecture." Thèse, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/2776.
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Il existe somme toute peu de théories du projet offrant une modélisation construite à partir de la complexité et de la diversité du projet d’architecture. Pourtant,certaines situations rassemblant parfois plusieurs dizaines de projets s’offrent d’elles-mêmes comme des situations comparatives et expérimentales : les concours d’architecture, d’urbanisme et de paysage.
Le Laboratoire d’étude de l’architecture potentielle de l’Université de Montréal (Aménagement), après avoir développé un système d’archivage numérique des concours canadiens, a entrepris, avec le soutien du Groupement d’intérêt public « Europe des projets architecturaux et urbains », de développer la base de données documentaire des concours d’idées Europan. Au-delà des
questions d’archivage numérique, se profilent clairement des possibilités de théorisation s’appuyant sur les logiques d’une base de données, en particulier sur la constitution du diagramme entités et relations, modélisation indispensable à sa traduction informatique.
Cette recherche entreprend une première mise à jour de ces éléments conceptuels et tend à montrer que la base de données est un véritable modèle théorique du projet ouvrant sur de nouvelles avenues de recherche et de
connaissance.There are not many theories of project offering a modeling constructed from the complexity and diversity of the architecture project. However, certain situations bringing together dozens of projects, present themselves as comparable and experimental situations: architectural, urban and landscape competitions. The Laboratoire d'étude de l'architecture potentielle from the Université de Montréal (Environmental Design), having developed a system of digital archiving for Canadian competitions, has undertaken, with the support of Groupement d'intérêt public “Europe des projets architecturaux et urbains”, the development of a database comprised of the documentation of competition ideas of Europan. Beyond the issues of digital archiving, there are clearly theorizing possibilities based on the logic of a database, particularly on the structure of the entity/relationship diagram, an indispensable modeling necessary for its computer translation. This research is undertaking a first update of these conceptual elements and suggests that the database is a theoretical model of the project opening up new venues for research and knowledge.
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Cucuzzella, Carmela. "Design thinking and the precautionary principle : development of a theoretical model complementing preventive judgment for design for sustainability enriched through a study of architectural competitions adopting LEED." Thèse, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/5174.
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Cette thèse contribue à une théorie générale de la conception du projet. S’inscrivant dans une demande marquée par les enjeux du développement durable, l’objectif principal de cette recherche est la contribution d’un modèle théorique de la conception permettant de mieux situer l’utilisation des outils et des normes d’évaluation de la durabilité d’un projet. Les principes fondamentaux de ces instruments normatifs sont analysés selon quatre dimensions : ontologique, méthodologique, épistémologique et téléologique. Les indicateurs de certains effets contre-productifs reliés, en particulier, à la mise en compte de ces normes confirment la nécessité d’une théorie du jugement qualitatif. Notre hypothèse principale prend appui sur le cadre conceptuel offert par la notion de « principe de précaution » dont les premières formulations remontent du début des années 1970, et qui avaient précisément pour objectif de remédier aux défaillances des outils et méthodes d’évaluation scientifique traditionnelles.
La thèse est divisée en cinq parties. Commençant par une revue historique des modèles classiques des théories de la conception (design thinking) elle se concentre sur l’évolution des modalités de prise en compte de la durabilité. Dans cette perspective, on constate que les théories de la « conception verte » (green design) datant du début des années 1960 ou encore, les théories de la « conception écologique » (ecological design) datant des années 1970 et 1980, ont finalement convergé avec les récentes théories de la «conception durable» (sustainable design) à partir du début des années 1990.
Les différentes approches du « principe de précaution » sont ensuite examinées sous l’angle de la question de la durabilité du projet. Les standards d’évaluation des risques sont comparés aux approches utilisant le principe de précaution, révélant certaines limites lors de la conception d’un projet. Un premier modèle théorique de la conception intégrant les principales dimensions du principe de précaution est ainsi esquissé. Ce modèle propose une vision globale permettant de juger un projet intégrant des principes de développement durable et se présente comme une alternative aux approches traditionnelles d’évaluation des risques, à la fois déterministes et instrumentales.
L’hypothèse du principe de précaution est dès lors proposée et examinée dans le contexte spécifique du projet architectural. Cette exploration débute par une présentation de la notion classique de «prudence» telle qu’elle fut historiquement utilisée pour guider le jugement architectural. Qu’en est-il par conséquent des défis présentés par le jugement des projets d’architecture dans la montée en puissance des méthodes d’évaluation standardisées (ex. Leadership Energy and Environmental Design; LEED) ? La thèse propose une réinterprétation de la théorie de la conception telle que proposée par Donald A. Schön comme une façon de prendre en compte les outils d’évaluation tels que LEED. Cet exercice révèle cependant un obstacle épistémologique qui devra être pris en compte dans une reformulation du modèle.
En accord avec l’épistémologie constructiviste, un nouveau modèle théorique est alors confronté à l’étude et l’illustration de trois concours d'architecture canadienne contemporains ayant adopté la méthode d'évaluation de la durabilité normalisée par LEED. Une série préliminaire de «tensions» est identifiée dans le processus de la conception et du jugement des projets. Ces tensions sont ensuite catégorisées dans leurs homologues conceptuels, construits à l’intersection du principe de précaution et des théories de la conception. Ces tensions se divisent en quatre catégories : (1) conceptualisation - analogique/logique; (2) incertitude - épistémologique/méthodologique; (3) comparabilité - interprétation/analytique, et (4) proposition - universalité/ pertinence contextuelle. Ces tensions conceptuelles sont considérées comme autant de vecteurs entrant en corrélation avec le modèle théorique qu’elles contribuent à enrichir sans pour autant constituer des validations au sens positiviste du terme. Ces confrontations au réel permettent de mieux définir l’obstacle épistémologique identifié précédemment.
Cette thèse met donc en évidence les impacts généralement sous-estimés, des normalisations environnementales sur le processus de conception et de jugement des projets. Elle prend pour exemple, de façon non restrictive, l’examen de concours d'architecture canadiens pour bâtiments publics. La conclusion souligne la nécessité d'une nouvelle forme de « prudence réflexive » ainsi qu’une utilisation plus critique des outils actuels d’évaluation de la durabilité. Elle appelle une instrumentalisation fondée sur l'intégration globale, plutôt que sur l'opposition des approches environnementales.This thesis is a contribution to the general theory of design thinking. In the prevalent demand for a sustainable development, the main objective of this research is the construction of a theoretical model of design thinking that contextualizes standard sustainability evaluation tools. The basis of these normative tools is analyzed in four dimensions: ontological, methodological, epistemological and teleological. Indications of potential counter-productive effects of these norms for design thinking confirm the need for a theory of qualitative judgment. Our central hypothesis revolves around the benefits of the underlying conceptual framework of the ‘precautionary principle’ for design thinking, the first formulations of which goes back to the early seventies in Germany, and was in fact created as a way to address the failures of traditional scientific evaluation tools or methods. The thesis comprises five parts. Beginning with a historical perspective, a review of classical models of design thinking, specifically focuses on the evolving approaches for addressing sustainable development. Theories of “green design” coming from the early sixties, theories of ecological design of the seventies and eighties are finally converging on the developing theories of “sustainable design” formulated in the early nineties. The underlying theories of the precautionary principle are then reviewed and explored for the specific context of design within the perspective of sustainability. Current methods of standard risk assessment methods are compared to a precautionary approach, revealing their conceptual limits for design thinking. A preliminary theoretical model for design thinking is then constructed adopting the theories underlying the precautionary principle. This model represents a global vision for judging the design project in a context of sustainability, rather than on traditional approaches for risk assessment, which are purposive and instrumental. The precautionary principle is further explored for the specific context of architectural design. This exploration begins with a historical perspective of the classical notion of ‘prudence’ for guiding architectural judgment. In light of the contemporary issues related to sustainability, we then examine the challenges of judging architectural projects given the increasing international prominence of such standard evaluation methods (i.e. Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design, LEED). The thesis proposes a reinterpretation of design thinking as proposed by Donald A. Schön is introduced such that the use of tools, like LEED can be contextualized. This exercise reveals an epistemological barrier, which shall be taken into consideration when reformulating the theoretical model. In accordance with a constructivist epistemology, a new theoretical model is therefore confronted to the study and illustration of three contemporary Canadian architectural competitions adopting the standard evaluation method LEED. A preliminary set of ‘tensions’ identified in the judgment process and design thinking is further categorized into their conceptual counterparts. These are: (1) analogical/logical conceptualization; (2) epistemological/methodological uncertainty; (3) interpretive/analytic comparability; and (4) universal/contextual relevance of the proposal. These conceptual tensions are considered as vectors that come into correlation with the theoretical model, enriching it, yet without validating it, in the positivist sense of the word. These confrontations with the real, help better define the epistemological barrier identified above. This thesis therefore highlights the often underestimated impact of environmental standards on the judgment process and design thinking, with particular, albeit non restrictive, reference to contemporary Canadian architectural competitions for public buildings. It concludes by stressing the need for a new form of “reflective prudence” in design thinking along with a more critical use of current evaluation tools for sustainability founded on a global integration rather than on the opposition of environmental approaches.
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Chen, Hung-Pin, and 陳竑賓. "Urban context- Architectural competition projects review." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/s3g38a.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺灣科技大學
建築系
103
Past few decades due to programmatic institutionalzation of architectural competitions, architects around the world have more opportunities to provide their own unique ideas for one specific site from various viewpoints. Compared with general architectural commissions, we would put more emphasis on the design process and creative and impressive illustrations in competitions. The intent is to make the jury clearly understand the whole project in a short time. This thesis presents my interpretations of the role that "Architecture" played within human environment in different kinds of topics and scales as well as the way it deals with its context (or built environment). Rather than trying to add a subjective concept to the design process, I choose to observe, to feel what the user needs, or what fits in our urban environment. My achievement of architectural design pursues neither abstract conception nor exaggerated shapes, but figures out what is close to people's lifestyle. I selected four projects I made during the period of graduate school, including teamwork and individual ones, in order to present the complete architectural illustrations to communicate my strategies of programs.
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Lin, Chin-Yao, and 林敬堯. "The Space In Between:the practices of three international architectural competition." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/uh3n46.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺灣科技大學
建築系
105
“In Between” is a status of continuous derivativeness and a process of reconciling the boundaries. It attracts everything to happen towards it as well as forms a diverse link, integrated and organized grey space.The Dutch architect, Aldo van Eyck once said:” I like having both instead of one or another, like the grey that includes back and white, instead of the attitude of picking one ever the other.” It emphasizes the importance of including and combing things together while designing. However, the interspace is not an obvious form to be easily noticed, so it will be more specific if we think from the aspect of complexity for space function.For example, the Market Hall in Rotterdam designed by MVRDV broke the intensive conflicts diverse noises and sanitation between residential and market space. Through the innovative design planning, techniques and materials, it successfully combined the interspace of the two and created one interesting link. As to House N designed by Sou Fujimoto in Japan, through overlaying spaces on top of the other to establish a complex boundary which breaks down the traditional rigidness and clear destined line between in and out.These pleasant ambiguous boundaries could also bring out the richness between house, streets and the urban context. In both cases, the designer have intentionally applied the “blurrory” design logic to trigger more possible links and foster greater opportunites for these “in -between.”