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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Architectural geometry'
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1
Salazar, Del Pozo Andres. "The impact of solar geometry on architectural strategies." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/82200.
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Designing architecture is related to producing vast amounts of information based on constraints, experience or common sense, and at the same time, those designs are assisted by specialized software, but, are the results of those processes giving you advantage or are they leading you in the wrong way? For example, should you include shading elements or less glazing? Should you change the shape of the building or improve envelope specifications? This research is a start to understand how to approach to design problems related to solar geometry, recognize which variables are worth modifying, reduce potential of error when iterating, and take truly advantage of the output delivered by modeling tools.Master of Architecture
2
Burge, Leif M. "Meandering river eddy accretions, sedimentology, morphology, architectural geometry, and depositional processes." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/mq24650.pdf.
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Dane, Kristopher R. "Assessing the Influence of Building Geometry on Active Shooter Event Outcomes." Thesis, The George Washington University, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10841977.
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Current building standards for protective design focus on a “fortress” approach that does not effectively protect against contemporary attack vectors such as active shooters. Furthermore, these standards provide little guidance to private building owners whose facilities are increasingly targeted by “active shooters.” This study combines the NetLogo agent-based modeling platform with the Autodesk Revit building design software to test key building geometry configurations for their impact on active shooter event casualties. The findings show that overall building geometry has an effect on active shooter casualties and that modifications to interior door alignment and the addition of direct exit doors can reduce the casualties in active shooter events. This research provides guidance to building designers who want to mitigate the risk of active shooter events with their building designs.
4
Kim, Richard D. Y. "Analysis of architectural geometries affecting stress distributions of gothic flying buttresses." Thesis, Kansas State University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/32925.
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Master of ScienceDepartment of Architectural Engineering and Construction Science
Kimberly Kramer
The flying buttress is one of the most prominent characteristics of Gothic architecture. Understanding stress distribution from the upper vaulted nave (high vault) to the flying buttress system would contribute greatly to preservation efforts of such iconic structures. Many investigations have emphasized structural analysis of Gothic flying buttresses, but only limited research how architectural design affects load distribution throughout the Gothic members exist. The objective of this investigation was to inspire engineers and architectural preservationists to develop further research in Gothic structural analysis and restoration by increasing understanding how architectural design of flying buttresses affects the load path being transmitted from the main superstructure to the lateral force resisting system. Several flying buttress designs under similar analytical parameters were compared in order to understand how member geometries affect stress distribution. Because Gothic design is architecturally complex, finite element analysis method was used to obtain member stress distribution (regions of compressive and tensile stresses). Architectural elevation schematics of the flying buttresses of prominent Gothic cathedrals were referenced when modeling the structural members to a computer software program (RAM Elements).
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Psarra, Sophia. "Geometrical walks in architectural space : the synchronous order of geometry and the sequential experience of space." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1997. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/10065750/.
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Architecture creates spaces to accommodate social relations. It also creates spaces to look at and experience through movement and through observation. In addition to social purposes some buildings carry an extra level of content. This refers to the ways they become visually appreciated as spatial systems o f a specific appearance. These buildings are often thought of as works of architecture. It is on this additional dimension that this thesis focuses - How works o f architecture are seen experienced and interpreted as systems o f cognition. Cognition depends on grasping a mechanism of construction; architectural composition is based on laws o f construction. Cognition and architectural com position becom e, thus, intrinsically interrelated generating the need to look at composition as the source of architectural experience. Architecture is subject to laws and these laws are expressed through two levels of systems. Architects combine geometrical shapes and forms to give buildings a specific appearance. They also combine spaces to give buildings a specific experience. The ways in which geometry and space interact in the course o f cueing and channelling the viewer's cognition o f a building is the question addressed in this research. This is examined in the context o f the architecture o f Le Corbusier and Mario Botta. This thesis attem pts to develop a common theoretical and analytical fram ew ork that studies the relationship between geometrical and spatial patterns. It argues that form al and spatial description is a description o f composition seen as a transformation process. This process progresses in stages from abstract-simple order principles to specific-complex ones. It also proposes that form al and spatial patterns interact through geometrical properties that stay invariant as an observer moves in space. The more properties stay invariant the more these patterns coincide. (Botta). The less they remain invariant the more a tension is created between these patterns, (Le Corbusier). The form er display a structural unity guiding and easing intelligibility towards a single reading. The latter present a structural complexity accommodating a multiplicity of readings. The analysis of the two architects reveals also that there are two compositional directions. In the first one com position is dominated by an explicit syntax established at the first stages of the transformation process, (Botta). In the second one composition is dominated by a release o f combinatorial possibility emerging during this process, (Le Corbusier). The former generates buildings that are grasped at once subjecting spatial narrative to formal pattern. The latter results in buildings that demand intense attention and extensive exploration making spatial procession the main protagonist of spatial experience. The overall research concludes that architecture is based on a recognition of a composing strategy articulating the relationship between the synchronous geometrical order and the sequential experience of space.
6
Koc, Betul. "From Numbers To Digits: On The Changing Role Of Mathematics In Architecture." Master's thesis, METU, 2008. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/3/12609645/index.pdf.
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This study is a critical reconsideration of architecture&rsquos affiliation with mathematics and geometry both as practical instrument and theoretical reference. The thesis claims that mathematics and its methodological structure provided architects with an ultimate foundation and a strong reference outside architecture itself ever since the initial formations of architectural discourse. However, the definitive assumptions and epistemological consequences of this grounding in mathematical clarity, methodological certainty and instrumental precision gain a new insight with the introduction of digital technologies. Since digital technologies offer a new formation for this affiliation either with their claim of a better geometric representation or mathematical controllability of physical reality (space), the specific focus on these newly emerging technologies will be developed within a theoretical frame presenting the significant points of mathematics in architecture.
7
Betadam, Joburt. "Geometry of pre-revolutionary Virginia architecture." Thesis, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/53092.
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Virginia architecture of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries prior to the American Revolution has distinctive geometries which determine proportion. The square, root-two rectangle and equilateral triangle are the figures which establish most proportions. Plans and elevations underwent a development based on a rational method of incorporating the figures into a coherent building. This investigation establishes the use of geometry as a starting point for the culmination of many elements which together composed a building.Master of Architecture
8
Sirotek, Adam. "Nové digitální metody v procesu architektonického navrhování." Doctoral thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta architektury, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-233253.
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The topic of this thesis is digital methods in process of architectonic designing, analysis, research and application of new methods. This thesis describes theoretical sources, which are useful for creating new digital methods. Thesis systematically describes existing methods and analyzes application on various projects. In thesis is also described research of new, own methods and preview of application.
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Falkstål, Linus. "Entreprenöriellt lärande som verktyg i en föränderlig värld : En studie om värdeskapande lärande, entreprenöriella förmågor och dess inverkningar på problemlösning i matematik." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för matematik (MA), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-74754.
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Studien är en pedagogisk designforskning som genom en intervention belyser hur de entreprenöriella förmågorna komplexitet, ansvar och samverkan framträder genom en kombination av metoderna värdeskapande lärande och matematisk modellering. Studien avser också att belysa om metoderna kan bidra till ett kontextuellt och strategiskt matematiskt kunnande. Resultatet består av en beskrivning och analys av de förmågor som framträtt samt en analys av de designprinciper som användes för att tillverka den uppgift som eleverna använde under projektets gång. Resultatet visar att kombinationen av metoderna värdeskapande lärande och matematisk modellering, dels genom sin verklighetsanknytning och uppmuntrande till elevers engagemang, skapar goda möjligheter för ovanstående förmågors framträdande. Den andra delen av resultatet visar att eleverna behöver ges en god förförståelse för att bibehålla ett matematiskt fokus igenom hela uppgiftsprocessen.
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Fu, Haoyu. "From Geometry to Classical." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/85000.
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Durability, Utility and Beauty are the three Vitruvian principles of architecture. They are also my belief of what constitutes architecture. In order to pursue the essence of architecture, I hope to find at least in part an answer through the study of classical buildings that adhere to those principles. Classical architecture is often organized through basic geometric elements such as square, circle and triangle. These geometric elements have endured the history of architecture and suggest being applicable to any contemporary building.
Since ancient time, humans had intimate relationships with animals, including horses. Even today, where the utility of the horse is no longer important, people still love to engage with horses on many levels. From this perspective, a horse is in a way a symbol that syncretize ancient and modern times.
A horse stable offers itself as a great example to study the relationship between man and horse. As a site, Blacksburg, a small town with a significant animal research branch of the university has rich pasture resources. The proposed architecture seeks to recognize the long-standing horse culture in classical terms, a very usable and beautiful ensemble, based on strong principal geometric elements.Master of Architecture
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Ebrahim, Hajar Mohammad. "An architecture of play." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/96600.
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Play is important in a child's development, growth and education. Children must be given a space where--in place of formal education--wonder and the love of play can be fostered and encouraged, allowing them to transition into becoming young individuals. By constructing a building with them in mind, children are offered opportunities to discover, play, and wonder.Master of Architecture
This thesis challenges the typical symmetrical, standard, or traditional school system in an attempt to teach children concepts of light, shadow and color, geometry and to provide them with a sense of their natural environment, or surroundings all while inviting them to learn in a playful matter.
12
Lawrence, Snezana. "Geometry of architecture and freemasonry in 19th century England." Thesis, Open University, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.395263.
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Gedal, Najib. "Geometry in early Muslim architecture, c. A.D. 692-1125." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/32258.
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McQuillan, James Patrick. "Geometry and light in the architecture of Guarino Guarini." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1992. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/256464.
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Guarino Guarini C.R., (1624-1683) is now recognised as one of the great architects of the High Baroque. Author of imposing works on natural philosophy, mathematics and astronomy, plus a posthumous architectural 'trattato', the nature of his thought and its relation to his architecture is still unresolved. My enquiry is to investigate this legacy under the themes of geometry and light. In the 12th century Robert Grosseteste proposed that light was the substantial form of all things, and both he and his followers united spiritual and corporeal light through geometry, thus founding a lightmetaphysic, which flourished in Dante, and was augmented by the Platonism of the Florentine School. In the 16th century, printing had strengthened the spread of these doctrines. With the sixteenth-century recovery of Greek geometry 'Perspectiva', i.e. optics, was recognised as the eighth Liberal Art, and among the schoolmen, light was treated in the First Day of the Hexaemeron. Francesco Maurolyco (1494-1577) is the first modern scientist of light, and with the Galilean observations, optics moved to the forefront of European debate, as Johannes Kepler founded the theories of the lens and illumination, still inside the metaphysical tradition. Meanwhile the Neoplatonism of Francesco Patrizi da Cherso (1529-1597), undermined the philosophy of both light and ancient cosmology, a rupture of the great significance. My enquiry, guided by Guarini's references, starts with Patrizi, and examines the traditional formulations of Fortunio Liceti, Marin Cureau de la Chambre and Ismael Boulliau/Bullialdus. The new 'mechanisme' of Paris is represented by the Minim Father Marin Mersenne who depended on his friends Descartes and Hobbes. The light-encylopaedia and geometry of Father Athanasius Kircher S.J. is a vital component, complemented by the remarkable mathematical imagery of Mario Bettini S.J., a key authority for Guarini. On this foundation, Guarini's mathematics and complex light-theory is studied, and his overall philosophy is related to the symbolism of his Royal Chapel of the Holy Shroud, Turin, as an achievement of Baroque architecture, paradoxically in the context of the seventeenth-century scientific crisis.
15
Berinstein, Sofia Rebeca. "Projects on the geometry of perception and cognition." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/72619.
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Thesis (S.M. in Art, Culture and Technology)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Architecture, 2012.This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Cataloged from student-submitted PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. [98]-[102]).
The projects presented in this thesis, which include performance, photography, and sculpture, investigate perception and cognition through the study and reconfiguration of content drawn from philosophy, cognitive science, and linguistics. I suspect that the language that we use to communicate about perception may be faulty. Within this critical perspective, the projects are propositions in response to the question: What is the form of perception/cognition? Underlying the projects is a fundamental philosophical question: Why do we have conscious experience? In philosophy these are referred to, respectively, as the hard and easy problems of consciousness. I investigate the linguistic structures of 'language' and 'parole' in a related attempt to understand the function of language, first independently, and then within a cognitive framework. The experiments begin with words such as 'definition', 'vision', 'perception' and represent systems defined by these signifies using objects, actions, and images. Reconfiguring the words into tangible experiments allows the nature of the phenomenon to be examined outside of the limitations of linguistic description. Ideally, the incongruity that might exist between the words and the experiences of perception and cognition can be uncovered through this process.
by Sofia Rebeca Berinstein.
S.M.in Art, Culture and Technology
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Mohsenin, Mahsan (SeyedehMahsan). "The impact of urban geometry on cognitive maps." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/65743.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Architecture, 2011.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 86-87).
This thesis investigates the relationship between urban geometry and cognitive maps. It is focused on the question of how human cognition of the built environment is affected by urban geometry. Building on the foundations of Kevin Lynch's studies of environmental perception (Lynch, 1960) and recent configurational measurement techniques of the built environment, it addresses an important question that Lynch has left unresolved: Why do people have more complete recollections of some parts of the urban environment, and not others? This thesis proposes an analytical measurement framework based on graph theory to compare the results of cognitive maps with objective spatial properties of the corresponding built environment. In order to test our hypothesis, first I measure and define urban geometry based on graph theory in two selected areas with different geometries in Kenmore, Boston and Kendall Sq., Cambridge, MA I will then collect cognitive maps based on specifically designed map drawing surveys. Finally, I examine the relationship between graph results and cognitive maps in order to identify the ways that urban geometry affects human perception. The findings inform urban designers and scholars of the city of how the configuration of the built environment can affect people's memory of a place, thus shaping one's experience of a city. Keywords: configurational patterns, urban geometry, cognitive maps, graph theory.
by Mahsan Mohsenin.
S.M.
17
Robertson, Duncan Paul. "Recovering geometric models from photographs of architectural scenes." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.616042.
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Love, Susan Elizabeth. "Floodbasin deposits as indicators of sandbody geometry and reservoir architecture." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 1993. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=128352.
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Palaeosol development is controlled by topography, drainage, substrate, climate and time. The types and maturities of soil developing within fluvial systems are also controlled by avulsion and terracing. Soil forming models relate variations in pedogenic maturity and morphology to these processes. The pedofacies model and pedofacies sequences apply to lateral and vertical packages deposited under aggradational conditions while the chronosequence model applies across floodplain terraces. The Upper Triassic, Upper Petrified Forest Member, Arizona contains fluvial channel sandstones encased in thick mudstones. Differences in palaeosol development were produced by variations in sedimentation rate, terracing and drainage conditions. The pedofacies and chronosequence models apply to these palaeosols. The Owl Rock member was deposited in lacustrine and lacustrine margin environments. Soil forming models were not recognised here because pedogenic horizons were subject to intense burrowing and reworking by advancing lacustrine margins. Continued basin subsidence and decreasing sediment supply caused the change in depositional environments between the two Members. The Upper Silurian, Old Red Sandstone, Dyfed comprises thick fluvial deposits and numerous stacked palaeosols. Fluvial architecture and palaeosol development was controlled by avulsion, phases of erosion and influxes of volcanic ash. Channel morphologies were broad and sheet-like. Soil morphology and structure reveals complex cycles of varying aggradation and erosion within the sediments. Palaeosols contain variations in maturity consistent with the pedofacies relationship and pedofacies sequences. Upper Triassic to Lower Jurassic Lunde and Statfjord Formations, Snorre Field, North Sea comprise fluvial channels which change from isolated ribbons encased in thick mudstones to laterally extensive channels and palaeosol development decreases from moderate to poor. Regional changes in climate and basin configuration controlled the evolution of the fluvial regime and patterns of pedogenic maturity were not apparent.
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Söderman, Viktoria. "Dirty Geometry : Searching for a queer architecture in Stockholm city." Thesis, KTH, Arkitektur, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-229840.
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For whom do we draw buildings? Why does contemporary architecture look the way it does?Why are certain aesthetics considered more valid than others? With this project, I propose Dirty Geometry: norm-bending design that could challenge conventions within the field of architecture. It is an investigation of concepts such as ugliness, beauty, architecture and the human body, interiority, femininity and ”bad taste”. The purpose is to, with the aid of parametric design processes, make Stockholm less boring and more dirty. Dirty Geometry is both the creative process sprung from one’s personal desires, and the resulting design. It aims to celebrate the weird, playful and colorful in an empowering way. This thesis project draws a lot of inspiration from camp aesthetics and drag culture, because of the way humour is used in a subversive way to question gender identities, power structures and norms.
20
Potter, Julia Kathryn. "Geometry as space in art and architecture : the mediating role of geometry in the work of Kandinsky and Moholy-Nagy." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/22383.
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Hiscock, Nigel. "Platonic geometry in plans of medieval abbeys and cathedrals." Thesis, Oxford Brookes University, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.387089.
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Griffith, Kenfield A. (Kenfield Allistair). "Design computing of complex-curved geometry using digital fabrication methods." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/34986.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Architecture, 2006.This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 64-65).
The production of design information for digital fabrication is presented in this thesis. This thesis outlines the research of generating information for physical construction as architectural models of complex curved walls built from unique units. A series of computer programs and physical models as examples of orthogonal, non-orthogonal, and complex curved walls as designs were developed. The wall examples here are built of non-uniform, interlocking units using an integral connection approach. This is an exploration of design tools that construct complex curved structures in CAD for fabrication with a 3D printer. The thesis explores the evaluation processes used by architects when evaluating digitally fabricated desktop models. The research involved in this thesis takes the direction of investigating a new methodology for solving a modern and aesthetic approach to architecture. The research conducted investigates design as a way for synthesizing a grammatical (Stiny, 1977) approach as the systematic engine that is used to solve less systematic, curved, non-uniform form (Smithers, 1989).
by Kenfield A. Griffith.
S.M.
23
Morris, David T. "Parallel algorithms and architectures for the display of constructive solid geometry." Thesis, University of Leeds, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.259179.
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Gilbert, Stephen Henry. "An investigation of ventricular geometry and architecture using diffusion tensor MRI." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.493550.
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Although the heart structure and function have been characterised for many years there is still a ,far from complete understanding of the inter-relation. Detailed understanding of normal and deranged cardiac function, both of excitation and contraction, requires the integration of knowledge of individual myocyte electrophysiology, cell interconnectivity, the 3D structural arrangement of myocytes and of the Purkinje system.
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Cox, Delmer. "Fractal geometric applications in the design of architectural space." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/MQ39643.pdf.
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Wertheimer, Howard Seth. "The use of grid and geometry as tools for design." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/21605.
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Li, Yujing S. B. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "Creases and folds : applying geometry to a pop-up fashion pavilion." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/59199.
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Thesis (S.B.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Architecture, 2010.Includes bibliographical references (p. 52).
This thesis explores the architectural opportunities embedded in geometric folding by studying the limitations and possibilities of a variety of patterns. In particular; the thesis focuses on the Yoshimura or diamond folding pattern. By manipulating specific rules guiding the diamond fold, the surface can be adapted to enclose a variety of volumes for different programs.The adaptations of the diamond fold rules are tested in a design for a pop-up fashion pavilion. The result is a geometric form that acts as a canopy, enclosure and inhabitable surface to hold program elements such as a marketplace, small fitting rooms, and a runway.
by Yujing Li.
S.B.
28
Smith, Rebecca Avery. "Measuring the past: the geometry of Reims Cathedral." Diss., University of Iowa, 2018. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/6289.
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Reims Cathedral holds a great deal of significance for the history of Gothic architecture, as well as the larger history of France as the coronation church. Given the historic significance of Reims, it is not surprising that much scholarship has been dedicated to the building’s sculpture, glass, and architecture. Most studies dealing with the cathedral’s architecture are based on stylistic and archaeological analysis, augmented by the use of surviving documents related to the construction. Although much fruitful work has been done in this vein, important questions about the building’s chronology and design still remain unresolved. The extent to which the design of the cathedral was established at the start of its construction, for example, continues to be disputed. The most recent monograph on the cathedral, published by Alain Villes in 2009, suggests that dramatic revisions to the overall plan and elevation were introduced during the course of its construction, going beyond the alterations to the façade designs that many previous authors have noted, but his theses remain controversial. Subsequently, Robert Bork has produced geometric models of the cathedral, which suggest that its plan was more coherent and unified. Additionally, French archaeologist Walter Berry has conducted new excavations, which further reveal additional archaeological evidence not yet taken into account by other Reims scholars.
My dissertation, “Measuring the Past: The Geometry of Reims Cathedral,” examines the architectural design from a geometric perspective, augmented by archaeological, stylistic, and historic evidence. The primary contribution that my dissertation makes to art history is the development of a new, modern plan of the cathedral. I developed this plan by taking thousands of measurements using handheld devices and laser mapping, which I then incorporated into a single data set. This work allowed Bork and me to further refine the underlying geometry that created the cathedral’s layout and proportions. This new plan indicates that a master plan devised by the first architect governed the whole church, with subsequent modifications affecting its articulation rather than its overall layout. In addition to explaining how this plan was originally conceived, my dissertation also examines the anomalies and mistakes made during construction, which at times forced minor deviations from the plan. Some of these building errors and the obvious attempts to correct them give clues to the order of construction, in addition to supporting the notion that the masons repeatedly returned to the uniform scheme. This allows me to reassess the scholarship written about the cathedral and the complex history of the building project, while resolving some of the disputes over the cathedral’s construction and design.
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Nasri, Muhammad H. (Muhammad Hasan). "Research programs on geometry and ornament : a case study of Islamicist scholarship." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/79012.
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Cuvilliers, Pierre(Pierre Emmanuel). "The constrained geometry of structures : optimization methods for inverse form-finding design." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2020. https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/127853.
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Thesis: Ph. D. in Architecture: Building Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Architecture, May, 2020Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages [133]-145).
This dissertation aims to improve form-finding workflows by giving more control on the obtained shapes to the designer. Traditional direct form-finding allows the designer to generate shapes for structures that need to verify a mechanical equilibrium when built; however, it produces shapes that are difficult to control. This dissertation shows how the design of constrained structural systems is better solved by an inverse form-finding process, where the parameters and initial conditions of the direct form-finding process are automatically adjusted to match the design intent. By defining a general framework for the implementation of such workflows in a nested optimizer loop, the requirements on each component are articulated. The inner optimizer is a specially selected direct form-finding solver, the outer optimizer is a general-purpose optimization routine. This is demonstrated with case studies of two structural systems: bending-active structures and funicular structures.
These two systems that can lead to efficient covering structures of long spans. For bending-active structures, the performance (speed, accuracy, reliability) of direct form-finding solvers is measured. Because the outer optimization loop in an inverse form-finding setup needs to rely on a robust forward simulation with minimal configuration, we find that general-purpose optimizers like SLSQP and L-BFGS perform better than domain-specific algorithms like dynamic relaxation. Using this insight, an inverse form-finding workflow is built and applied with a closest-fit optimization objective. In funicular structures, this dissertation first focuses on a closest-fit to target surface optimization, giving closed-form formulations of gradients and hessian of the problem. Finding closed-form expressions of these derivatives is a major blocking point in creating more versatile inverse form-finding workflows.
This process optimizer is then reimplemented in an Automatic Differentiation framework, to produce an inverse form-finding tool for funicular surfaces with modular design objectives. This is a novel way of implement-ing such tools, exposing how the design intent can be represented by more complex objects than a target surface. Reproducing existing structures, and generating more efficient funicular shapes for them, the possibilities of the tool are demonstrated in exploring the design space and fine-tuned modifications, thanks to the fine control over the objectives representing the design intent.
by Pierre Cuvilliers.
Ph. D. in Architecture: Building Technology
Ph.D.inArchitecture:BuildingTechnology Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Architecture
31
Withersby, Matthew Anthony. "Supramolecular architecture of late transition metal co-ordination polymers." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.311739.
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Archibald, Sally. "The adaptive geometrey {i.e. geometry} of savanna trees : a comparative study of the architecture and life history of Acacia karroo Hayne. in savanna, forest, and arid karoo shrubland environments." Bachelor's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/24400.
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Various morphological and life history attributes of Acacia karroo Hayne. were investigated in five populations from three environments in South Africa: forest (Cape Vidal, Natal), arid shrubland (Prince Albert, karoo) and savanna (Hluhluwe-Umfolozi Game reserve and ltala Game reserve, Natal). I aimed to elucidate on the distinctive characteristics required for trees to survive in savannas. The combination of frequent fires and intense herbivory in savanna environments creates a disturbance regime not encountered by trees in other situations and it was expected that A.karroo would display specific adaptations of growth form, life history, and reproductive ecology - adaptations which would reflect the strong selective pressure imposed by fire and herbivory on juvenile savanna trees to grow above flame height and browse limit in order to recruit into the mature canopy. A. karroo in savannas was found to have an unbranched, vertical growth form, and is thus maximising height gain. Reproduction was delayed until the trees were above the reach of flames and herbivores. Savanna A.karroo trees had fewer, smaller spines than trees in the other two environments, even though spines are generally considered to be effective in defense against mammalian herbivores. It is therefore suggested that a combination of low 'apparency' to browsers and rapid growth rate is an effective herbivore avoidance strategy in conditions where the need to escape from the fire trap makes a trade-off of growth rate for defensive structures unacceptable. The architecture of mature savanna trees reflects their history of rapid growth in earlier stages and they have smaller canopies, and thus lower reproductive capabilities, than equivalently sized trees in other environments.
33
Skoglund, Tobias. "Efficient Wave Propagation in Discontinuous Media and Complex Geometry for Many-core Architectures." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för informationsteknologi, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-193357.
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We present an accelerated numerical solver for the scalar wave equation using one and two GPUs. We consider complex geometry and study accuracy when performing the computation in both single and double precision. The method uses a high-order accurate approximation of the derivatives using summation-by-parts operators. The boundary conditions are imposed using the simultaneous approximation term technique for Dirichlet type boundary conditions. We develop a novel implementation of the discretization and perform experiments in one dimension with a discontinuity and in two dimensions for a simple embedded geometry. Numerical experiments show that the rate of convergence is as expected using double precision but levels-out for single precision. The performance of the solver when implemented using the GPU shows that runtime is significantly decreased using one graphics card. We then describe a strategy for further increasing performance using two graphics cards.
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Luarasi, Skender. "Where Do You Stop? A Critical Inquiry into Style, Geometry, and Parametricism in History." Thesis, Yale University, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10957330.
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An agonistic question recurs in every digital design studio: Where do you stop? How do you select the best form from infinite variations of forms? The question marks a condition of crisis as it both demands a judgement and reveals the lack of criteria for it. The question is often asked under the illusion that it applies only today, in the case of digital or parametric design, as if before we knew where to stop, as if the crisis is only now, in and of the present. This question, the attempts to answer it and the illusion of their contemporaneity constitute the quintessential modern problem: how to find a Style that is not a style. The former term "Style" stands for the style of an age or a general principle of constancy, while "a style" stands for individual style(s) or stylistic singularities, which, to quote Le Corbusier, "are no more than an accidental surface modality."
Historically, geometry has served as a universally synchronic medium in providing principles or criteria to answer such question. However, geometry is also a diachronic medium, and the way it is used is historically and technologically contingent. To answer "Where do you stop?" means to critique it, which in turn means to reveal its historicity. Not only the answer to the question, but also how such question is asked in history has varied. To write about the Style that is not a style is to reveal the conditions of its impossibility.
This study investigates the weird topology of the Style that is not a style by focusing on discourses and theories on style, proportion, geometry and parametricism in history. Stopping is not (the application of) a set of epistemological criteria but first and foremost a technique that binds Style and style(s) together without synthesizing them. Le Corbusier's work and the Modulor in particular serve as case studies of stopping techniques. The study draws a connection between Modulor and parametricism, particularly Bernard Cache's digital practice. It then investigates how the digital as an historical and technological condition bears on the Style that is not a style and on asking and answering the question "Where do you stop?"
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Azarbayejani, Ali J. "Nonlinear probabilistic estimation of 3-D geometry from images." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/29122.
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Elliot, William J. S. B. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "The applicability and accuracy of computer modeling in regards to acoustical scattering by a complex geometry." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/85826.
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Thesis: S.B., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Architecture, 2005.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (page 27).
The intent of the investigation is to try to characterize the nature of scattered acoustical energy off of the face of a concrete masonry unit with an atypical geometry. The nature of the tests conducted would be in accordance with the AES-4id-2001 document which pertains to the Characterization and measurement of surface scattering uniformity. The uniformity of scattering can be analyzed and can give one an indication of the diffusive properties of the test samples. The product for which the testing is proposed, as previously mentioned, is a modification of a concrete masonry unit. The product is not uniform in section, a fact which means a two dimensional analysis of scattering will not suffice. Instead, the distribution of reflected sound waves over a hemispherical shell will be examined.
by William J. Elliot.
S.B.
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Harwood, Mark. "Facies architecture and depositional geometry of a late Visean carbonate platform margin, Derbyshire, UK." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2005. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/54552/.
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Detailed facies mapping and microfacies study were employed to improve upon sedimentological models for the margins of a carbonate platform of late Visean (Asbian - Brigantian) age in north Derbyshire, UK. The early Asbian upper slope was built of automicrite stiffened with early marine cements. The system also included marginal bioclastic sand shoals, situated c.500m from the platform break, which was in slightly deeper water, basinward from the shoals. Despite this bevelled configuration the upper slope received only low volumes of shallow water allochems until late in the early Asbian third order cycle. This early phase was characterised by nearly vertical aggradation of the margin. The later increase in basinward export resulted in a pulse of progradation and more mixed lithologies on the slope. In the late Asbian to Brigantian, the northern margin experienced an episode of local tectonic subsidence, resulting in back-stepping of c. 1km. However, high productivity by the benthic community enabled the margin to recover and build back to the previous platform break within three, fourth order, cycles. During this phase little automicrite was produced, or preserved, on the upper slope, production of automicrite moved to bioherms on the outer platform. Export of coarse bioclastic material to the mid and lower slope resulted in accumulation below a largely by-passed upper slope area. The southern margin also subsided in the Brigantian, but low productivity by a slightly stressed community meant the margin did not recover fully and remained as a low-angle slope, often dominated by the deposition of mud and silt exported from the platform interior. This, and the occurrence of ooids only on the southern margin, suggests the south to be a leeward margin. The facies architecture and the geometry of the margins were controlled by the interaction between eustatic sealevel changes and local tectonics.
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Vernon, Mitzi Renee. "A place for learning: a phenomenology of geometry and material." Thesis, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/53112.
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This work is comprised of two parts: The Inspiration and The Institution.
The Inspiration concerns what originated the work—the conception of the idea. It lies within the realm of those things which are timeless. Therefore, it is what gives character to the building of the place or the institution. The inspiration is the beginning.
The Institution is the formulation of the work--the "building" of the idea. It is a place crafted with the methods of its time. ln this sense, the institution is circumstantial, and therefore representing the end. However, in its completion there is the reflection of its beginning, its inspiration.
What we call the beginning is often the end
And to make an end is to make a beginning.
The end is where we start from.¹
What inspires this work is the architecture of the ancient communities of the Anasazi. More specifically and fundamentally, the inspiration for this work lies in the phenomenon of geometry and material in these ruins. Further, it is seated in such ideas as concentricity or nestedness and the opening of a wall. These are the ideas which are timeless. This is the beginning and the end.
What formulates the work is a school. As an institution of learning, it already constitutes fertile ground for teaching. Therefore, with architecture as the medium, the building can teach about the play of geometry and the use of material. The function of the school is purely circumstantial, and it has little to do with the inspiration. Still, the geometry and material of the place made are founded in the inspiration. Hence, the architecture will continue to be a place for learning regardless of the functions of its past or future.
The aspiration of the work is the development of a work of architecture as a place which nurtures the position of learning and as an institution which becomes a revelation of its inspiration.Master of Architecture
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Panisson, Eliane. "Gaspar Monge e a sistematização da representação na arquitetura." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/14314.
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Esta tese trata da contextualização da geometria descritiva como sistema de representação na arquitetura. Desenvolve-se a partir da desconstrução da Géométrie descriptive de Gaspard Monge, publicada em 1799, acompanhando a exposição de seu autor desde o conteúdo da capa até a sua última página, de onde são destacadas partes a serem estudadas entre os textos, desenhos e a própria apresentação da obra. Desconstruir a teoria mongeana apresenta-se relevante neste estudo por investigar sobre as lições dadas por Monge em 1799, que coexistem até o momento com outras representações, entretanto sem um questionamento e entendimento epistemológico. Considerando que existem distorções na exposição original das lições mongeanas em obras subseqüentes à Géométrie descriptive e que conceitos de representação determinam limites de compreensão do espaço que implicam na própria arquitetura, este estudo dá abertura de resignificação à teoria original de Monge no ensino de arquitetura.This thesis is about the descriptive geometry contextualization as an Architecture representation system. It was developed after Gaspard Monge’s Géométrie descriptive deconstruction, published in 1799, accompanying its author exposition since its cover content until its last page, form where parts are detached to be studied among the texts, draws and the own handiwork presentation. To deconstruct Monge’s theory is relevantly presented in this study for investigate Monge’s lessons taught in 1799 that coexists until this moment with different representations, without any question and epistemology understanding. Considering that there are distortions in the original Monge lessons exposition in Géométrie descriptive following handiwork and that its representation concepts determinate limits to the space comprehension that imply the Architecture itself, this study gives opening to Monge’s original theory resignification in the Architecture teaching.
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Pliam, Steven L. "Cosmographic Origins for a New Classicism." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/35809.
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The spirit of the Latin 'classicus' as a broad ideology has in one sense existed through every age of modern human history. It could begin to be described as an attitude that is resistant to sudden change and is not interested in dramatic breaks with tradition or the avant garde. It embraces the methodical evolution of aesthetic and artistic values that are connected at their origin to a cosmography which is conceived within every given age. This large-scale conception of existence which encompasses all of what is known in the cosmos is a primary manifestation of every culture.
Several systems of ideas are given by 20th century theoretical physics. They are the foundation of our science and provide an explicit basis for all branches of scientific endeavor. Taken as a whole, they constitute the current understanding of our universe--our world. What emerges from the ideas given by relativity theory, quantum physics, string theory, and the mathematics of astro-physics is a profound and far reaching cosmography resembling nothing like that of the Renaissance or of classical Greece. Non-Euclidean geometry and the math of higher dimensional space begin to break free of their abstract character as these symbolic disciplines now inform and reconcile the reality of cosmic space.
It is therefore appropriate to understand the cosmography of today in relation to the new science paradigm. As cosmic space and conceptual space have always been intimately connected in architecture of the classical spirit, this new cosmography then becomes a viable basis for reestablishing a classical expression.Master of Architecture
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Branda, Ewan E. (Ewan Edward) 1964. "Drawing interfaces : building geometric models with hand-drawn sketches." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/64901.
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Thesis (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Architecture, 1998.Includes bibliographical references (p. 49-51).
Architects work on drawings and models, not buildings. Today, in many architectural practices, drawings and models are produced in digital format using Computer-aided Design (CAD) tools. Unquestionably, digital media have changed the way in which many architects perform their day to day activities. But these changes have been limited to the more prosaic aspects of practice. To be sure, CAD systems have made the daily operations of many design offices more efficient; nevertheless, they have been of little use - and indeed are often a hindrance - in situations where the task at hand is more conjectural and speculative in nature, as it is during the early stages of a project. Well-intentioned efforts to insinuate CAD into these aspects of practice have only served to reveal the incongruities between the demands of designer and the configuration of the available tools. One of the chief attributes of design practice is that it is action performed at a distance through the agency of representations. This fundamental trait implies that we have to understand how computers help architects describe buildings if we are to understand how they might help architects design buildings. As obvious as this claim might seem, CAD programs can be almost universally characterized by a tacit denigration of visual representation. In this thesis, I examine properties of design drawings that make them useful to architects. I go on to describe a computer program that I have written that allows a designer to build geometric models using freehand sketches. This program illustrates that it is possible to design a software tool in a way that profits from, rather than negates, the power of visual representations.
by Ewan E. Branda.
M.S.
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D’souza, Nicola Laila. "Natural Forms Through Geometry and Structure: Design of the Parachute Pavilion." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1116255406.
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Cao, Guiyun. "Representation and manipulation of geometric and architectural data stored in a relational database." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/MQ39640.pdf.
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Islam, A. K. M. Zahidul. "Linear multimedia for form and geometry analysis : a case study of Louis I. Kahn's National Assembly Building /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2004. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p1422933.
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Bahramian, Armin. "Fractal geometry in landscape architecture : the development of a new conceptual framework for urban park design." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.531133.
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Isbell, Anna Luella. "Broaching the subject: the geometry of Anglo-Saxon composite brooches." Thesis, University of Iowa, 2015. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/1641.
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The various surviving disc and composite brooches provide proof of the skill and craftsmanship of Anglo-Saxon metalsmiths. Surprisingly, no one has conducted a full geometrical analysis of these brooches to discover the design process preceding the casting and decoration. This thesis endeavors to rectify this through a geometrical investigation of the sophisticated geometrical planning principles used by Anglo-Saxon craftsmen in the creation of these elaborate brooches. Through the use of simple geometrical constructions, smiths were able to create works of great beauty and sophistication. Closer inspection reveals that Anglo-Saxon smiths produced all the composite disc brooches in this study using similar processes of planning. In order to plan out the compositions of each brooch, master smiths would only need a compass, a straightedge, and some material on which to write. Each brooch reveals the same kind of coherent geometry, sharing traits and patterns; with proportions tend to be governed by a series of modular association.
Although the master smiths or designers of the composite brooches used simple tools to create the composition, the figures in this thesis were created using the Vectorworks CAD program. This significantly expedited the analytical process and allowed for exact measurements. Despite using the computer program to replicate the planning process, all the figures can be recreated with just a compass and straightedge. While a complete geometric study of all the composite disc brooches needs to be done, this study examines five of the best preserved and well-crafted of that type, ranging from some of the simplest to the most elaborate, as an introduction to the subject.
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Altenburg, Gerson Scherdien. "Contextualizando cultura e tecnologias: um estudo etnomatemático articulado ao ensino de geometria." Universidade Federal de Pelotas, 2017. http://repositorio.ufpel.edu.br:8080/handle/prefix/3784.
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Esta dissertação é o resultado dos estudos realizados no Mestrado Profissional no Ensino de Ciências e Matemática, da Universidade Federal de Pelotas, baseada em uma necessidade de contextualizar a Geometria envolvendo a cultura pomerana. Sendo relevante por ser uma pesquisa qualitativa e estar atrelada à investigação de conhecimentos geométricos e algébricos, na arquitetura, predominantemente rural, do município de São Lourenço do Sul. Este estudo relaciona o contexto social, que faz uso da Etnomatemática descrita por D’Ambrosio (2013), sendo a linha norteadora deste trabalho, na visão cultural do conhecimento geométrico, baseado nos detalhes das casas típicas pomeranas da região onde a pesquisa foi realizada. Como forma de materializar o estudo, os alunos realizaram uma coleta de fotografias dessas construções, a fim de analisar as formas geométricas presentes nas mesmas. Para a realização da pesquisa foi utilizado o software GeoGebra, como recurso tecnológico auxiliar, onde se concretizou o estudo com as projeções similares das arquiteturas, indo ao encontro da matemática, por meio da elaboração de cálculos de áreas e perímetros.O principal objetivo desse estudo é o resgate da cultura pomerana por meio da valorização dos traços presentes na arquitetura das construções, cujos detalhes contemplam as formas geométricas, que podem se constituir agentes de promoção do ensino da Geometria, com a utilização dos recursos do computador, por meio do software GeoGebra. Nesse sentido, a escolha do programa Etnomatemática foi uma opção teórica importante, para o trabalho com um processo de ensino e aprendizagem culturalmente contextualizado. Refletindo sobre estes pressupostos, o desenvolvimento desta pesquisa procura retratar uma atividade diferenciada na abordagem do conteúdo de Geometria Plana, para a identificação e cálculos de figuras geométricas (quadrado, triângulo, retângulo, losango, paralelogramo, trapézio, etc.).Com base nos resultados obtidos nesse estudo, que estimulou os alunos a levarem para toda a vida outra forma de integrar a matemática a sua realidade, resgatando o passado e vivenciando a cultura de uma maneira diferenciada
This dissertation is the result of the studies carried out in the master 's program. It is the result of the course of the Master' s Degree in Science and Mathematics Teaching at the Federal University of Pelotas, based on a necessity of contextualize Geometry, involving Pomeranian culture. It is relevant because it is a qualitative research and is linked to the investigation of algebraic geometric knowledge in the predominantly rural architecture of the city of São Lourenço do Sul. This study is related to the social context that comes to make use of the ethnomathematics described by D'Ambrosio (2013), being the guiding line of this work, in the cultural view of geometric knowledge, It is based on the details of the typical Pomeranian houses of the region Where the research was carried out. As a way of materializing the study, the students performed a collection of photographs of these constructions, in order to analyze the geometric forms present in them, as well as to make calculations of areas and perimeters. The GeoGebra software was used as an auxiliary technological resource , to carry out the research, where the study was carried out with the similar projections of the architectures, after that ,with mathematics help, where the calculations were made.The main objective of this study is the rescue of the Pomeranian culture by means of the valorization of Pomeranians traces present in the architecture of the constructions, whose details contemplate the geometric forms, that can constitute agents of promotion of the Geometry teaching, with the use of the computer resources, through GeoGebra software. In this sense, the choice of the Ethnomathematics program was an important theoretical choice for working with a process and culturally contextualized teaching and learning. In order to identify and calculate geometric figures (square, triangle, rectangle, rhombus, parallelogram, trapezoid, etc.), the development of this research is intended to portray a differentiated activity in the approach to the content of flat geometry.I believed that this work proposed a stimulated study for the students, and carry throughout their lives another way of integrating mathematics into their reality, rescuing the past and still experiencing culture in a differented way
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Pina, Josemar da Costa Fernandes. "Realidade virtual no ensino da arquitetura." Master's thesis, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Arquitetura, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/20294.
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Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Arquitetura, com a especialização em Arquitetura apresentada na Faculdade de Arquitetura da Universidade de Lisboa para obtenção do grau de Mestre.Atualmente, a Realidade Virtual (RV) apresenta-se como uma tecnologia com um enorme potencial e cada vez se verifica mais a sua presença em várias áreas. Uma vez que a Arquitetura é uma dessas áreas, a presente dissertação pretende aplicar e explorar a tecnologia digital de RV, como ferramenta de auxílio ao ensino na área da Arquitetura, nomeadamente, às disciplinas de Geometria Descritiva e História da Arquitetura. Numa primeira fase, foi realizado um trabalho de levantamento bibliográfico, com o propósito de estudar e analisar alguns conceitos que estivessem ligados à prática desta tecnologia, de forma a serem aplicados na parte experimental desta dissertação. Numa segunda fase, procedeu-se à componente experimental que se divide em dois casos de estudo no âmbito de duas unidades curriculares no plano de estudos do mestrado integrado em Arquitetura da FA.ULisboa, apresentando uma experiência de RV em cada uma delas. O primeiro estudo teve como objetivo mostrar aos alunos um conjunto de objetos geométricos na disciplina de Geometria Descritiva e Conceptual I (da área disciplinar de Desenho, Geometria e Computação) e contou com a participação de dezanove alunos. O segundo estudo permitiu realizar uma viagem virtual sobre um edifício utópico na disciplina de Cultura da Arquitetura e da Cidade (da área disciplinar de História da Arquitetura, Urbanismo e Design), tendo participado seis alunos. Foi ainda realizado para ambos os estudos, um questionário, de forma a obter-se conclusões sobre as experiências. Este trabalho permite concluir que a introdução da tecnologia de RV como ferramenta auxiliar, pode ser bastante útil no processo de ensino/aprendizagem.
ABSTRACT:Virtual reality has become a technology with huge potential and its' use in several fields is exponentially growing. Considering that Architecture is one of these fields, the aim of this dissertation is to apply and explore VR digital technology as an auxiliary tool in Architecture's teaching, specifically in subjects as Descriptive Geometry and Architecture's History. A bibliographic survey was carried out at first in order to study and analyze some of the concepts linked to this technology, so that they could be applied in the practical study of this work. Afterwards, the practical component – which consisted in two research studies about Architecture’s teaching presenting a VR experience – was executed. The first study aimed to display a set of geometric objects to a total of nineteen Descriptive Geometry students. With the second study it was possible to make a virtual trip above a utopian building in the subject of Architecture’s and City’s Culture and it counted with the participation of 6 students. A questionnaire was also conducted for both studies in order to draw conclusions about the experiments. With this work we may assume that the introduction of VR technology as an auxiliary tool can be very useful on teaching/learning process.
N/A
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Whiting, Emily J. "Geometric, topological & semantic analysis of multi-building floor plan data." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/35123.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Architecture, 2006.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 65-67).
Generating a comprehensive model of a university campus or other large urban space is a challenging undertaking due to the size, geometric complexity, and levels of rich semantic information contained in inhabited environments. This thesis presents a practical approach to constructing topological models of large environments from labeled floor plan geometry. An exhaustive classification of adjacency types is provided for a university infrastructure including roads, walkways, green-space, and the detailed interior spaces of campus buildings. The system models geospatial features for over 160 buildings within the MIT campus, consisting of more than 800 individual floors, and approximately 36,000 spaces spanning indoor and outdoor terrain. The main motivation is to develop an intuitive, human-centered approach to navigation systems. An application is presented for generating efficient routes between locations on MIT's campus with coverage of both interior and exterior environments. A second application, the MIT WikiMap, aims to generate a more expressive record of the environment by drawing from the knowledge of its inhabitants. The WikiMap provides an interface for collaborative tagging of geographical locations on the MIT campus, designed for interfacing with users to collect semantic data.
by Emily J Whiting.
S.M.
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Harrison, Tracy Elizabeth. "Visualizing Complexity : A Spatial Analysis of Decorative Geometric Pattern in the Islamic World, 900-1400 AD." PDXScholar, 2005. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/2434.
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This study explores how the use of complex decorative geometric patterns in Islamic architecture spatially relates to advances in the fields of science and philosophy in the Islamic world between the ninth and fourteenth centuries. This project examines hypotheses developed by vario~s scholars on the forces that shaped the use of these patterns (known as the geometric mode) in Islamic architecture. The prevailing assumption that advances in mathematics contributed to the use of the geometric mode is used as a starting point for subsequent analysis.
For this study, two spatial databases were created. One contains over two hundred and twenty monuments of Islamic architecture exhibiting the geometric mode, while the other contains over one hundred records of activity in the sciences and philosophy. From these databases, decorative geometric pattern types were classified and ranked, and scholarly activities were classified. Density maps were developed from these classes and ranks for each century, and were compared in a series of analytical overlay maps. Each map depicts the spatial relationships of the activities in question over a span of three centuries, enabling a spatio-temporal analysis of the connections between disciplines within the context of the broader cultural elements at work.
These maps allow for examination of these disciplines in a new way; there has never been a spatial analysis testing the existing hypotheses until now. The density overlay maps show that some of the prevailing hypotheses are partially supported by the data, but the primary hypothesized relationship-that activity in mathematics prompted use of the geometric mode-is not applicable to all regions of the Islamic world during this time period. The spatial analysis exposes the previously overlooked possibility that the geometric mode could have influenced activity in the sciences and philosophy.
This study provides tools to better understand the complex relationships among art, science, and philosophy: two spatial databases, a geographic information systems (GIS) model, and resulting analytical overlay maps. The maps produced in this project reveal examples where the quality of contact among disciplines in these very specific times and places is worth examining in greater detail.