Academic literature on the topic 'Architectural preexisting built form'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the lists of relevant articles, books, theses, conference reports, and other scholarly sources on the topic 'Architectural preexisting built form.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Journal articles on the topic "Architectural preexisting built form"
1
Cuff, D. "The Social Production of Built Form." Environment and Planning D: Society and Space 7, no. 4 (1989): 433–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/d070433.
Full textAbstract:
The social production of built form can be characterized by three ideal types: vernacular building, organizational management, and creative individual. An ethnography of contemporary architectural practice in the USA portrays an alternative model of the design process as a social construction, comprised of dilemmas which, once resolved, pose new contradictions. An analysis of three case studies of buildings with design quality reveals that design participants invoke a series of dialectical strategies to respond to the uncertainties and contradictions of the situation. These strategies, introduced by quotations from the buildings' makers, are described in contrast to the approaches taken by participants in everyday design practice. The production of the built environment is seen as a complex, interactive, social process which is formative, constructed out of a loosely orchestrated constellation of key individuals in organizations, who together develop design solutions.
2
Dr. Yasira Naeem Pasha and Shahla Adnan. "Architectural Education as Interface between Culture and Built Environment." Journal of Art, Architecture and Built Environment 2, no. 2 (2019): 35–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.32350/jaab.22.03.
Full textAbstract:
The main focus of this paper is the discussion about non-coherent appearance of built environment in Pakistan that does not reflect the culture of society, but external influences more than natives. Being a part of a larger territory in yester centuries, the country is influenced heavily by external factors and deliberated efforts for “modernization” since after a decade of independence in 1947. Many parts of the subcontinent including India and Pakistan are influenced by Modernist trends in architecture that are evident in the built environment. The probability of inclusion of many diversified attributes of culture over a considerable period of time has been increased. It is therefore important to discuss the most relevant possibilities through which these influences were adopted and then were translated in the built environment. These influences are assumed to be translated through the taught content in the architectural education in the country.
 The paper also discusses the relationship of three entities; Culture, Built Environment and Architectural Education. It takes into account some examples of residences from Pakistan to analyze the interfacing capacity of culture and built environment. It adopts the methodology of qualitative study through literature and evidences from some cities of Pakistan to seek the validity of argument. It also relates the role of curriculum driven architectural education in the process of built environment. The findings reveal that the existing form of culture has grasped external influences in a subtle manner adopting a new form which appears as non-coherent to the generally perceived one. The role of architectural education in this regard holds a pivotal position in relation to the built environment. The findings established also connote architectural education as the interfacing factor of culture and built environment.
3
Pasha, Yasira Naeem, and Shahla Adnan. "Architectural Education as Interface between Culture and Built Environment." Journal of Art Architecture and Built Environment 2, no. 2 (2019): 34–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.32350/jaabe.22.03.
Full textAbstract:
The main focus of this paper is the discussion about non-coherent appearance of built environment in Pakistan that does not reflect the culture of society, but external influences more than natives. Being a part of a larger territory in yester centuries, the country is influenced heavily by external factors and deliberated efforts for “modernization” since after a decade of independence in 1947. Many parts of the subcontinent including India and Pakistan are influenced by Modernist trends in architecture that are evident in the built environment. The probability of inclusion of many diversified attributes of culture over a considerable period of time has been increased. It is therefore important to discuss the most relevant possibilities through which these influences were adopted and then were translated in the built environment. These influences are assumed to be translated through the taught content in the architectural education in the country. The paper also discusses the relationship of three entities; Culture, Built Environment and Architectural Education. It takes into account some examples of residences from Pakistan to analyze the interfacing capacity of culture and built environment. It adopts the methodology of qualitative study through literature and evidences from some cities of Pakistan to seek the validity of argument. It also relates the role of curriculum driven architectural education in the process of built environment. The findings reveal that the existing form of culture has grasped external influences in a subtle manner adopting a new form which appears as non-coherent to the generally perceived one. The role of architectural education in this regard holds a pivotal position in relation to the built environment. The findings established also connote architectural education as the interfacing factor of culture and built environment.
4
A, Adeyemo Ajibade, Ezema Isidore C., Tongo, Samuel O., and Awotungase S.A. "Socio-Physical Characterization of Architectural Spaces and Traditional Built-Forms of Yoruba Settlement In Southwest Nigeria." Indian Journal of Agriculture Engineering 1, no. 1 (2021): 20–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.35940/ijae.a1505.051121.
Full textAbstract:
This paper examined the socio-physical characterization of indigenous architectural spaces of built-form of Yoruba settlement in southwest Nigeria using sign and symbols. Data were gathered qualitatively, and participant observations, interviews and extensive desktop research were involved. The study found that the sign, symbols of people is directly correlated to their built-form and that their architecture depicts, culture in terms of homage, food, hospitality, and cultural security, this were found through built-form in the study area. The study further established that spaces offer a stronghold of cultural values as houses in the architecture as well as names of the spaces thus communicating their cultures in terms of feelings, form, sharp. The study recommends the needs for cultural embracement and archiving of all words and symbol relevant to built-form in the study area.
5
Clarke, Nicholas, Marieke Kuipers, and Sara Stroux. "Embedding built heritage values in architectural design education." International Journal of Technology and Design Education 30, no. 5 (2019): 867–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10798-019-09534-4.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Continuity and change have become crucial themes for the built environment and heritage buildings; also in the education and practice of architects. Embedding built heritage values into studio-based design education is a daunting new challenge that demands new didactic perspectives and tools. To address the dilemmas that come with design assignments for adaptive reuse, an experiment with new didactic analytical tools has been conducted in the Heritage & Architecture (H&A) architectural design studios at the Delft University of Technology. The analysis attempts to connect matter—physical structures—and meaning in a structured graphical process through predefined mapping exercises. Our aim is to introduce a step-by-step method for exploration that can form the foundation of values-based design from built heritage. Central to our multifaceted approach is a specially developed matrix that is meant to support design-oriented analysis of heritage buildings. This paper situates the H&A perspective on the adaptive reuse of valorised buildings within the heritage discourse and architectural design education in general and further gives insight into the didactics, the tools, their uses and initial results. After a critical reflection on our points of departure, based in an evaluation of results, peer discussion and student evaluation, we conclude that the applied methodology is instructive to the educational goals but also merits further development. One of the lessons learnt for future teaching includes allowing students freedom to discover values themselves. An important conclusion is that an earlier and broader foundation that engages the continuation of tangible and intangible heritage values in the ever-changing built environment is required in architectural educational practice.
6
Stojanovic, Djordje. "The promise of performative: Relational, genetic and scripted models in architectural design." Facta universitatis - series: Architecture and Civil Engineering 11, no. 1 (2013): 47–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/fuace1301047s.
Full textAbstract:
This paper investigates the role of performative models within the context of architectural design. Understanding the performances of the built environment can be postulated in rather different manners. It is commonly expected that the built environment complies with the diverse and changing requirements of its users. It is equally required that buildings are economically constructed, easily maintained, energy efficient, safe and aesthetically pleasing. Yet, such expectations are complex and consist of a great number of intertwined effects that are not easy to synchronize during architectural design process. Although they can be precisely evaluated and quantitatively expressed, the values specifying the performances, such as temperature, humidity and intensity of light or sound, in traditionally established course of architectural design are usually only considered throughout the post-rationalization or correction of the architectural design. The research presented in this paper explores design mechanisms, for direct and formative incorporation of feedback information into the very conception of architectural form.
7
Golański, Michał. "Contemporary wooden architecture in search of free form." Budownictwo i Architektura 16, no. 4 (2018): 159–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.24358/bud-arch_17_164_10.
Full textAbstract:
Creation of modern architecture in accordance with the precepts of sustainable development requires an integrated and synergistic design for both new-built and refurbished buildings. The buildings should demonstrate not only the aesthetics, functionality and durability but also have harmless impact on the environment, be effective in material and energy consumption and take into account any risk factors from the point of view of human life and health. Wood, one of the oldest construction materials used by man is present in the built environment from the beginning of the history of architecture. Modernism was characterized by the gradual displacement of wood by other building materials: ceramics, concrete and steel. Physical properties, ease of shaping and effortless process of production, combined with the exceptional ecological potential of wood make wooden structures are widespread again after a period of relative contraction. Creating complex forms in the contemporary architecture and the development of digital design tools coupled with computer technology and CNC woodworking give designers new possibilities for shaping architectural forms. Curvilinear architecture (free form design) rejects Cartesian geometry and conventional language of Euclidean shapes. This article analyzes architectural structures characterized by curvilinear forms and the use of wood as a building material of construction.
8
Darwent, John, James M. Savelle, Christyann M. Darwent, et al. "LATE DORSET TRIANGULAR MIDPASSAGES IN THE CANADIAN ARCTIC AND NORTHWEST GREENLAND: ORIGINS AND DISPERSAL." American Antiquity 83, no. 3 (2018): 525–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/aaq.2018.18.
Full textAbstract:
Midpassages are the most recognizable architectural feature associated with the entire Paleoeskimo period (2800 BC–AD 1300) in the Canadian and Greenlandic Arctic. Usually built of stone, midpassages are rectangular-shaped axial structures that run through the center of tent rings and semisubterranean house depressions. However, a unique triangular form of midpassage developed in association with the Late Dorset complex in the Boothia Peninsula area of the Canadian Arctic around AD 400. Unlike the rectangular-shaped varieties that were built contemporaneously across the Arctic, distribution of the triangular form is limited, and occurrences are rare. Initially, construction appears restricted to the Boothia Peninsula region, where the form persisted for the subsequent 400 years. After AD 900, they are found in Inglefield Land, Greenland, and a few other locations in the Canadian Arctic where they continued to be built until around AD 1200, representing an over 800-year period in a remarkably unvarying configuration. Further, these triangular midpassage structures very likely represent a regional architectural variant that moved northward with the Late Dorset diaspora after AD 800.
9
Khalid, Asma. "Passive Design, Urban-Rural Architectural Morphology for Subtropics." European Journal of Sustainable Development 9, no. 3 (2020): 376. http://dx.doi.org/10.14207/ejsd.2020.v9n3p376.
Full textAbstract:
Built environment is a function of man-made setting, surroundings, conditions which is the center of human activity in architectural places. The integration of nature into the built environment determines the urban or the rural form of settlements. The present research aims to specify architectural morphology of sub-tropical region through a case analysis of the situation in Pakistan. The field study analyses the existing housing stock in Pakistan, in urban settings and as a result of vernacular traditions in the villages. The paper identifies the regional characteristic behaviour of highland, lowland, coastal and arid region. It gives an overview of the current urban housing situation in Pakistan. It discusses the type of housing unit, the occupant behaviour, lifestyle of the people, It also identifies the pattern of energy used within the residential buildings of Pakistan. The architectural planning in urban and rural regions, their long term passive design techniques to cope with the climate challenges of a particular area have been discussed in detail. The paper recommend some contextual and adapted passive features of vernacular architecture in urban houses. 
 Keywords: Architectural-morphology, Urban, Housing, Vernacular, Passive Design, Built Environment
10
Tran, Duc. "Organicism and an enviro-organic form integrating to the built environment." MATEC Web of Conferences 193 (2018): 04008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201819304008.
Full textAbstract:
This research intends to the understanding of organicism as the historic source of architectural forms. Organic architecture acts as a junction between humans and nature, where humans are seen as parts of nature. Through organicism as an apparatus, designers are able to respond to nature in such manner that humans are more intimately bound into the entirety of nature to form an organic whole. A new term “enviro-organic” is proposed in this research. Enviro-organic form extends prior definitions of organic architecture, which are of greater relevance today. Such form is defined as one that opens to the natural world, facilitating the making of architecture that sustains human life and nature today and in the future.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Architectural preexisting built form"
1
Costa, Tatiane de Carvalho. "A Arqueologia como instrumento de preservação do patrimônio arquitetônico : a "restauração do quarteirão dos trapiches" de Laranjeiras-SE." Universidade Federal de Sergipe, 2013. https://ri.ufs.br/handle/riufs/3215.
Full textAbstract:
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES<br>The purpose of this research is to investigate and to demonstrate the interface of archaeology
in restoration interventions in the preexisting architectural heritage. In this context, the
restoration of the “Quarteirão dos Trapiches” or Trapiches Block, a current university
campus of the Federal University of Sergipe, carried out by the Programa Monumenta in the
city of Laranjeiras/Se will be examined. The interaction between archaeology and restoration
started in Brasil in the 1960’s with the beginning of Historic Archaeology research, and in the
international context, since the first half of the 20th century through the recommendations of
the international heritage charters, which followed international meetings of experts in
cultural conservation and restoration. The main research aims are: 1) to identify the
fundamental aspects of the restoration theories and their interface with the archaeological
research; 2) To investigate the archaeological praxis in the preexisting architectural heritage
and its contribution for the restoration project; and 3), to reveal institutional aspects which
settle postures and practices referred to archaeology and for the preservation of the
architectural heritage.<br>O objetivo geral desta pesquisa é investigar e demonstrar a interface da arqueologia em
intervenções restaurativas na preexistência arquitetônica de valor patrimonial. Para tanto será
examinada a “Restauração do Quarteirão dos Trapiches”, atual Campus da Universidade
Federal de Sergipe, executada pelo Programa Monumenta na cidade de Laranjeiras/SE. A
interação entre arqueologia e restauração se materializou no Brasil na década de 1960 com o
início das pesquisas em Arqueologia Histórica e é proclamada no contexto internacional
desde a primeira metade do século XX com as recomendações das Cartas Patrimoniais,
resultantes de sucessivos encontros internacionais de especialistas no campo da preservação
do patrimônio cultural. Desta forma estão delineados os seguintes objetivos específicos: 1)
Identificar os aspectos fundamentais da Teoria da Restauração e sua interface com a pesquisa
arqueológica; 2) Investigar as práticas arqueológicas na preexistência arquitetônica e sua
contribuição para o projeto de restauração; e 3) Revelar os aspectos institucionais que
regulamentam posturas e práticas referentes à arqueologia e à preservação do patrimônio
arquitetônico.
2
Cetin, Yunus. "Beyond Built Form: The Colosseum." Master's thesis, METU, 2011. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12613836/index.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis investigates the Flavian Amphitheatre, better known as the Colosseum, in its relation to setting, symbolic meaning and its afterlife. Crucial to the discussion is the ancient art of memory, through which the Colosseum&rsquo<br>s ambivalent role as a means of Imperial power is elucidated. Equally important, the buildings&rsquo<br>iconographic connotations are studied in terms of the architectural orders employed on the faç<br>ade. The Colosseum&rsquo<br>s extended use and its later emblematic significance comprise the concluding discussion of the thesis.
3
Guclu, Tugba. "Architectural Built Form And Public Dialogue: An Evaluation Of Public Wall In Its Communicative Role." Master's thesis, METU, 2006. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12608020/index.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis is a study on the interface of public built form and the open public space surrounding it. The aim is to explore the problem of the transition between interior and exterior public space, that is the exterior skin of the public built form: its public wall. Public wall is explored as an in-between element belonging to both spaces, which forms the dialogue of these spaces. The dialogue is studied in terms of communicative qualities. A conceptual framework is established for the analysis of the public wall. To develop the communication notion further, two milieus of communication of the interior and exterior public space are discussed: transparency and de-materialization. At the end, in order to examine how the theoretical approaches turn into practical solutions, some contemporary architectural examples of public buildings are evaluated in relation to the established framework of the public wall. Therefore, the emphasis given on the subject of public wall is supposed to contribute to the network of relations in the cityscape, and activate those relations, as these relations of built form and open space are at the base of urban realm.
4
Bölin, Eric. "Animate form through low tech wood construction." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för arkitektur och samhällsbyggnad (ABE), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-229855.
Full textAbstract:
How can we build small scale dynamic shapes with what we have? This project will present a method to build your own free form wooden structure without relying on high-tech computer programs or custom made parts from expensive factories.
5
Silva, Beatriz Francalacci da. "Forma arquitetônico-urbana e desempenho ambiental : entre os limites e as possibilidades do adensamento construtivo." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/149288.
Full textAbstract:
O estudo em microescala sobre a relação entre a forma arquitetônico-urbana e o meio ambiente constitui o objetivo desta pesquisa. Parte-se da hipótese de que existem formas arquitetônico-urbanas mais apropriadas do que as previstas pela legislação urbana e edilícia para o alcance do melhor desempenho ambiental, sendo possível avaliar quais as composições mais adequadas segundo os condicionantes locais. Nesse contexto, apresenta-se como objeto de estudo o recorte espacial de uma área urbana com alta densidade construída em Florianópolis-SC, que constitui a referência para analisar o impacto ambiental gerado pela forma arquitetônico-urbana e o resultado de seu desempenho final. Para essa avaliação, foram considerados os fatores ambientais associados com o desempenho térmico, luminoso e acústico do espaço urbano e arquitetônico, assim como algumas questões sobre a qualidade ambiental em escala local. A metodologia utiliza dados quantitativos e qualitativos obtidos em campo e em trabalhos de gabinete, por meio das seguintes etapas: 1. Exploratória (investigação bibliográfica, documental e infográfica); 2. Indutiva experimental (levantamento em campo de informações microclimáticas, individuais e subjetivas) e 3. Dedutiva computacional (simulação de modelos preditivos). A estrutura do trabalho está organizada para demonstrar como o objeto de pesquisa foi compreendido e como podem ser desenvolvidos os estudos nessa temática, apresentando primeiramente os condicionantes ambientais (paisagem natural e clima local) e a forma arquitetônico-urbana considerada, para posteriormente desenvolver a associação entre os temas principais – arquitetura e ambiente. A análise considera a percepção subjetiva da autora, a partir da observação de fragmentos do espaço arquitetônico-urbano, pertencentes a um todo. O trabalho comprova a hipótese inicial, na medida em que recomenda proposições de desenho arquitetônico e urbano para o caso estudado, tendo por base os critérios de desempenho ambiental. Além disso, estimula a discussão, o interesse e o conhecimento sobre o tema e corrobora a urgência de incorporação dos estudos ambientais no planejamento e nas propostas de desenho arquitetônico e urbano.<br>The study in microscale of the relationship between the architectural-urban form and the environment is the goal of this research. It starts with the hypothesis that there are more appropriate architectural-urban forms than those provided by the urban and construction legislation to achieve the best environmental performance, making possible to assess what are the most suitable compositions according to the local conditions. In this context, it is presented as a study object an urban area with high density built in Florianópolis-SC, which is the reference to analyze the environmental impact generated by the architectural-urban form and the result of their final performance. For this evaluation, it was considered the environmental factors associated with the heat, light and acoustic performance of urban and architectural space, as well as some features of the local environmental quality. The methodology uses quantitative and qualitative data obtained in loco and by the office work, through the following steps: 1. Exploratory (bibliographic, documentary and infographic research); 2. Experimental inductive (field measurements and structured interviews) and 3. Computational deductive (simulation of predictive models). The structure of the work demonstrates how the research object was understood and how can be developed studies in this subject, first presenting the environmental conditions (natural landscape and climate) and the architectural-urban form considered to further develop the association among the main themes - architecture and environment. The analysis considers the subjective perception of the author, from the observation of fragments of architecturalurban space, belonging to a whole. The work confirms the initial hypothesis, according as recommends architectural and urban design propositions for the case study, based on the environmental performance criteria. In addition, it stimulates discussion, interest and knowledge on the topic and confirms the urgent incorporation of environmental studies in the urban planning and in the architectural design proposals.
Books on the topic "Architectural preexisting built form"
1
Habraken, N. J. The structure of the ordinary: Form and control in the built environment. MIT Press, 1998.
Find full text
2
Habraken, N. J. The Structure of the Ordinary: Form and Control in the Built Environment. The MIT Press, 2000.
Find full text
3
Bailey, Douglass, and Lesley McFadyen. Built Objects. Edited by Dan Hicks and Mary C. Beaudry. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199218714.013.0025.
Full textAbstract:
This article presents two bodies of work, both of which take an interdisciplinary approach to the study of buildings from Neolithic Europe. The first connects archaeology to theories in architectural history, while the second creates links between archaeology and art. This article works through four ideas about architecture which the article offers as disconnected propositions. There is no easy narrative for this article, just as there is none for the living built environment of the past or the present. This article proposes that archaeologists step away from accepted and comfortable knowledge of architectural form and interpretation. The aim of this article is to work through four case studies from our work on prehistoric European architecture. The case studies illuminate four propositions, which are offered as provocations for further work on architecture by archaeologists but also by anthropologists and other social scientists and humanities scholars whose work engages architecture concludes this article.
4
Albert, Ferré, and Fasanella Denise, eds. Verb matters: A survey of current formal and material possibilities in the context of the information age : built, active substance in the form of networks, at all scales from the biggest to the smallest. Actar, 2004.
Find full text
5
Albert, Ferré, and Actar, eds. Verb matters: Built, active substance in the form of networks, at all scales from the biggest to the smallest : a survey of current formal and material possibilities in the context of the information age / [edited by Albert Ferré ... [et al.] ; Edward Krasny, Thomas Daniell and Ian Pepper, translators].. Actar, 2004.
Find full text
6
Zur Nieden, Gesa. Symmetries in Spaces, Symmetries in Listening. Edited by Christian Thorau and Hansjakob Ziemer. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190466961.013.16.
Full textAbstract:
Based on the importance of the concept of symmetry in French sociological aesthetics circa 1900, this chapter analyzes the convergence of theaters, musical form, and musical understanding. The analysis focuses on architectural shape, audience response, and the musical repertoire in the new theaters built in Barcelona (1847), Paris (1862), and Rome (1880). While these theaters were fashioned after the baroque form of the “teatro all’italiana” that prevailed in Italy, France, and Spain during the late nineteenth century, they provided huge spaces accommodating a socially mixed audience within an architecturally symmetrical form. Music critics often aligned acoustic sound waves with actual visibility in the auditorium, and semicircular structures in the scenography on stage may have affected the reception of the musical performance. The newly built theaters arrived at a time when the “classical” music scene and a certain canon was developed, opposing the more “intellectual” audiences and repertories of contemporary music.
7
Shokoohy, Mehrdad, and Natalie H. Shokoohy. Bayana. Edinburgh University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474460729.001.0001.
Full textAbstract:
Bayana in Rajasthan and its monuments challenge the perceived but established view of the development of Indo-Muslim architecture and urban form. At the end of the 12th century the Ghurid conquerors took the mighty Hindu fort, building the first Muslim city below on virgin ground. It was the centre of an autonomous region during the 15th and 16th centuries and was even considered by Sikandar Lodī for the capital of his sultanate before he decided on Agra, then a mere village of Bayana. A peculiarity of historic sites in India is that whole towns with outstanding remains can, through political change or climatic events, be either built over by modern developments or fall into obscurity. The latter is the case with Bayana, abandoned following an earthquake in 1505. Going beyond a simple study of the historic, architectural and archaeological remains ‒ surveyed and illustrated in detail ‒ the book takes on the wider issues of how far the artistic traditions of Bayana, which developed independently from those of Delhi, later influenced North Indian architecture and were the forerunners of the Mughal architectural style, which draw many of its features from innovations developed first in Bayana.
8
Sklair, Leslie. The Icon Project. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190464189.001.0001.
Full textAbstract:
In the last quarter century, a new form of iconic architecture has appeared throughout the world's major cities. Typically designed by globe-trotting "starchitects" or by a few large transnational architectural firms, these projects are almost always funded by the private sector in the service of private interests. Whereas in the past monumental architecture often had a strong public component, the urban ziggurats of today are emblems and conduits of capitalist globalization. In The Icon Project, Leslie Sklair focuses on ways in which capitalist globalization is produced and represented all over the world, especially in globalizing cities. Sklair traces how the iconic buildings of our era-elaborate shopping malls, spectacular museums, and vast urban megaprojects--constitute the triumphal "Icon Project" of contemporary global capitalism, promoting increasing inequality and hyperconsumerism. Two of the most significant strains of iconic architecture--unique icons recognized as works of art, designed by the likes of Gehry, Foster, Koolhaas, and Hadid, as well as successful, derivative icons that copy elements of the starchitects' work--speak to the centrality of hyperconsumerism within contemporary capitalism. Along with explaining how the architecture industry organizes the social production and marketing of iconic structures, he also shows how corporations increasingly dominate the built environment and promote the trend towards globalizing, consumerist cities. The Icon Project, Sklair argues, is a weapon in the struggle to solidify capitalist hegemony as well as reinforce transnational capitalist control of where we live, what we consume, and how we think.
Book chapters on the topic "Architectural preexisting built form"
1
Pagès-El Karoui, Delphine. "Cosmopolitan Dubai: Consumption and Segregation in a Global City." In IMISCOE Research Series. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-67365-9_6.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractThis chapter attempts to think cosmopolitanism outside the framework of normativity and to unravel how it can be grounded in non-Western and non-integrative contexts. In a deeply inegalitarian Emirati society, Dubai’s cosmopolitanism intertwines three main features: globalization, consumption and segregation. After quickly describing these characteristics, I illustrate how the state and its corporations shape cosmopolitan landscapes in order to achieve the status of a global city and then demonstrate how these spaces are experienced by its users. To unpack Dubai’s cosmopolitan urbanism, I have chosen to study two ordinary (and overlooked) spaces, far cries from iconic architectural successes. Global Village is an outdoor mall and entertainment park selling products from all over the world. It epitomizes the commodification of difference, where cosmopolitanism is performed as a form of consumption. International City is one of the rare urban projects built for housing low and middle-class foreign residents. In this suburban cosmopolitan district, inhabited mainly by non-Westerners, logics of segregation are spreading against “bachelors,” usually constructed as a threat to urban order in the Gulf. In these two ordinary spaces, frequented mainly by non-Westerners, a kind of cosmopolitanism from below emerges. This cosmopolitanism is not exempted from tensions and contradictions, where inclusive logics of consumption coexist with exclusive logics of segregation.
2
Apollonio, Fabrizio Ivan, Marco Gaiani, and Zheng Sun. "A Reality Integrated BIM for Architectural Heritage Conservation." In Geospatial Intelligence. IGI Global, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-8054-6.ch039.
Full textAbstract:
Building Information Modeling (BIM) has attracted wide interest in the field of documentation and conservation of Architectural Heritage (AH). Existing approaches focus on converting laser scanned point clouds to BIM objects, but laser scanning is usually limited to planar elements which are not the typical state of AH where free-form and double-curvature surfaces are common. We propose a method that combines low-cost automatic photogrammetric data acquisition techniques with parametric BIM objects founded on Architectural Treatises and a syntax allowing the transition from the archetype to the type. Point clouds with metric accuracy comparable to that from laser scanning allows accurate as-built model semantically integrated with the ideal model from parametric library. The deviation between as-built model and ideal model is evaluated to determine if feature extraction from point clouds is essential to improve the accuracy of as-built BIM.
3
Apollonio, Fabrizio Ivan, Marco Gaiani, and Zheng Sun. "A Reality Integrated BIM for Architectural Heritage Conservation." In Architecture and Design. IGI Global, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-7314-2.ch006.
Full textAbstract:
Building Information Modeling (BIM) has attracted wide interest in the field of documentation and conservation of Architectural Heritage (AH). Existing approaches focus on converting laser scanned point clouds to BIM objects, but laser scanning is usually limited to planar elements which are not the typical state of AH where free-form and double-curvature surfaces are common. We propose a method that combines low-cost automatic photogrammetric data acquisition techniques with parametric BIM objects founded on Architectural Treatises and a syntax allowing the transition from the archetype to the type. Point clouds with metric accuracy comparable to that from laser scanning allows accurate as-built model semantically integrated with the ideal model from parametric library. The deviation between as-built model and ideal model is evaluated to determine if feature extraction from point clouds is essential to improve the accuracy of as-built BIM.
4
Apollonio, Fabrizio Ivan, Marco Gaiani, and Zheng Sun. "A Reality Integrated BIM for Architectural Heritage Conservation." In Advances in Religious and Cultural Studies. IGI Global, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-0675-1.ch002.
Full textAbstract:
Building Information Modeling (BIM) has attracted wide interest in the field of documentation and conservation of Architectural Heritage (AH). Existing approaches focus on converting laser scanned point clouds to BIM objects, but laser scanning is usually limited to planar elements which are not the typical state of AH where free-form and double-curvature surfaces are common. We propose a method that combines low-cost automatic photogrammetric data acquisition techniques with parametric BIM objects founded on Architectural Treatises and a syntax allowing the transition from the archetype to the type. Point clouds with metric accuracy comparable to that from laser scanning allows accurate as-built model semantically integrated with the ideal model from parametric library. The deviation between as-built model and ideal model is evaluated to determine if feature extraction from point clouds is essential to improve the accuracy of as-built BIM.
5
Arbib, Michael A. "Brains in bodies in the—social, built, and natural—environment." In When Brains Meet Buildings. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190060954.003.0001.
Full textAbstract:
Each brain enlivens a body in interaction with the social and physical environment. Peter Zumthor’s Therme at Vals exemplifies the interplay of interior with surroundings, and ways the actions of users fuse with their multimodal experience. The action–perception cycle includes both practical and contemplative actions. The author analyzes what Louis Sullivan meant by “form ever follows function,” but more often talks of aesthetics and utility. Not only are action, perception, and emotion intertwined, but so are remembering and imagination. Architectural design leads to the physical construction of buildings—but much of what our brains achieve can be seen as a form of mental construction. A first look at neuroscience offers schema theory as a bridge from cognitive processes to neural circuitry. Some architects fear that neuroscience will strip the architect of any creativity. In counterpoint, two-way reduction explores how neuroscience can “dissect” phenomenology by showing how first-person experiences arise from melding diverse subconscious processes. This raises the possibility that neuroscience can extend the effectiveness of architectural design by showing how different aspects of a building may affect human experience in ways that are not apparent to self-reflection.
6
Siwicki, Christopher. "The Casa Romuli Anomaly." In Architectural Restoration and Heritage in Imperial Rome. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198848578.003.0004.
Full textAbstract:
This chapter examines the Casa Romuli, the thatched hut associated with the city’s founder Romulus and held up as an exemplum of Rome’s origins. Contrary to other examples discussed in the book, this structure consistently retained its original form and the same type of materials when rebuilt. However, in this instance, too, the case is made that the architectural continuity was not motivated by an overt attempt to preserve the historic appearance of the building, but was instead a consequence of other influences. By drawing a comparison with the maintenance of the Pons Sublicius, a new interpretation of the hut is proposed and the relevance of religious agency in matters of built heritage is again brought to the fore.
7
Letesson, Quentin, and Carl Knappett. "Introduction—Minoan Built Environment: Past Studies, Recent Perspectives, and Future Challenges." In Minoan Architecture and Urbanism. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198793625.003.0006.
Full textAbstract:
Architecture and urbanism have been of constant interest to Minoan archaeologists since the beginning of the twentieth century. While there is some scholarly bias to this, with the field deeply affected by Sir Arthur Evans’s focus on the monumental architecture of Knossos, Minoan Crete continues to yield abundant evidence for a substantial built environment. Focusing on urban and architectural remains creates a strong bias in favour of one block of time, the Neopalatial period, which produced the largest amount of wellpreserved settlements and buildings. Yet, in general, the evidence we now have on the Minoan built environment is an undeniable resource, one that continues to grow thanks to ongoing studies of pre-existing remains as well as new excavation and survey projects. As is clear in Evans’s magnum opus, The Palace of Minos at Knossos, the large-scale excavations typical of the dawn of the last century were heavily directed towards the urban cores of the largest Minoan sites (e.g. Boyd Hawes et al. 1908; Hutchinson 1950). The bulk of what we know about the Minoan built environment comes from the first half of the twentieth century, initially through the intensive work of the foreign schools at Malia, Phaistos, Palaikastro, Gournia, Mochlos, and Pseira, later joined by countless excavations by Greek archaeologists. Yet, synthetic treatments really only began with the work of James Walter Graham, in the form of numerous papers published in the American Journal of Archaeology (see Letesson 2009 for a detailed review), and especially his Palaces of Crete (Graham 1962). Nonetheless, his comparative analyses, which also dealt with non-palatial buildings, were largely focused on polite architecture. With a particular interest in form and function, he built on Evans’s insights to be the first to identify, across a large sample of buildings, recurring architectural patterns in the Minoan built environment (e.g. Piano Nobile, residential quarters, banquet halls). His studies also included an innovative quantitative component, emphasizing the existence of a unit of length that builders would have used to lay out the palaces and some of the so-called ‘villas’.
8
von Schnitzler, Antina. "The “Discipline of Freedom”." In Democracy's Infrastructure. Princeton University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691170770.003.0002.
Full textAbstract:
This chapter discusses the beginnings of a specifically neoliberal techno-politics in South Africa within the context of conceptual and practical responses to the 1976 Soweto Uprising. Drawing on archival research and interviews with apartheid-era economists and functionaries, the chapter examines the political styles of reasoning that emerged as neoliberal thought was appropriated by the state and private organizations in response to the systemic crises of the 1970s. It also considers the move away from the macro-techniques of grand apartheid and toward more micro-political techniques at the level of the administrative and the technical. It shows that this late-apartheid techno-politics, and the neoliberal archive that often inspired it, gave rise to a form of counterinsurgency mediated by infrastructure and administrative techniques. Finally, it explains how, in post-1976 South Africa, neoliberalism emerged as a series of adaptable concepts and techniques that built upon and often worked through preexisting contexts.
9
Paga, Jessica. "The Astu of Athens." In Building Democracy in Late Archaic Athens. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190083571.003.0004.
Full textAbstract:
This chapter evaluates buildings in the astu (city center) of Athens, excluding the Akropolis and Agora. Buildings and monuments within distinct areas are treated together in order to consider the broader impact of discrete sectors of the city. The chapter concludes with an examination of the sight lines and viewing axes that crisscross the city, connected to and independent of the roadways and paths. These sight lines, axes, and roads link various parts of the city together via the built environment, thereby underscoring relationships in both architectural form and function. The chapter emphasizes how the changes to the built environment in the late sixth and early fifth centuries also transformed the ritual landscape and lived experience of the astu.
10
Echeverría, Juan Bautista, Iosu Gabilondo, Teresa Meana Rodríguez, et al. "Interactive Exhibition as a Form of Participation in the Future of Sustainable Housing." In Practice, Progress, and Proficiency in Sustainability. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-7023-4.ch005.
Full textAbstract:
The Gipuzkoa branch of the Basque and Navarre College of Architects organized, within the MUGAK Architecture Biennial, the exposition “The Transgenerational House.” It took place in a pavilion specially built for the purpose in a public space in the city of San Sebastian (Spain). In it, both a conventional furnished home and an alternative one, with the possibility of allowing free spatial divisions and furnishing distribution, were recreated. Some architectural teams showed their experiences on housing. A set of components with a color code was developed to link the two homes and the work of the architects. The pavilion was opened to the public, which had access to the contained information in a partially directed way and participated answering to posed specific questions. Additionally, 10 structured workshops with different collectives were organized, making specific proposals on the alternative home. The overall exposition is shown, reflecting on the advantages and limitations of citizen participation as an instrument of sustainable development.
Conference papers on the topic "Architectural preexisting built form"
1
Alonso de Armiño Pérez, Luis, Gonzalo Vicente-Almazán Pérez de Petinto, and Vicent Cassany i Llopis. "Housing form and city form: Urban morphology and local identity." In 24th ISUF 2017 - City and Territory in the Globalization Age. Universitat Politècnica València, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/isuf2017.2017.5772.
Full textAbstract:
Housing form and city form: Urban morphology and local identityKeywords (3-5): Building type, urban morphology, Valencia, housing, house floor-plan design This paper aims to analyse the processes of typological evolution of residential buildings in Valencia as a way to outline an 'affiliation' within the city's housing types, capable of endowing a local identity profile beyond European influences that began to generalise from mid-XIX century. The residential fabric of Valencia maintained a certain continuity/ intelligibility in its morphological evolution until the 1970s, in which the development of the 1966 PG marked a turning point, with the progressive incorporation of "modern" forms of housing, vaguely related to the diffusion of CIAM architectural principles. Nevertheless, a most substantial part of the city fabric, amounting to two-thirds of all residential buildings, was built before the 1966 PG, and therefore away from 'modern' housing practices. Most of this fabric, corresponding to neighbourhoods resulting from urban extension projects starting in the second half of the nineteenth century, is made out of serially-aggregated, multi-family buildings or 'houses of flats', forming perimeter blocks, whose profile still characterises visually the city's townscape. To a large extent, these 'houses of flats' are the result of a progressive codification of building prototypes that first appeared in the historic city, originating from the transformation of the traditional city-house. Initially, the transformation began with increasing the number of storeys, successively followed with processes of plot-aggregation, all combined with an horizontal division configuring new housing floor-plans. These processes progressively generated larger buildings, in which the plot shape and dimensions appear as determining instances. References (100 Word) ALONSO DE ARMIÑO, L. y PIÑON, J.L. (1986). La formazione del la Valencia moderna. Sutoria Urbana, (37), 89-114. AZAGRA, J. (1993). Propiedad inmueble y crecimiento urbano. Valencia 1800-1931. Madrid: Síntesis. BRIGUZ Y BRU, G. (1837). Escuela de Arquitectura Civil. Valencia: Joseph de Orga. HERMOSILLA, J. (1750). La architectura civil (manuscrito). DALY, M.C. (1864). L’architecture privée au XIXème siècle, sous Napoléon III MOLEY, C. (1999). Regard sur l’immeuble privé. Architecture d’un habitat 1880-1970. Paris: Le Moniteur. PIÑÓN, J.L. (1988). Los orígenes de la Valencia moderna PONS, A. y SERNA, J. (1992). La ciudad extensa. Valencia: Diputació de València. SANCHO, A. (1855). Mejoras materiales de Valencia. Valencia: Imprenta de José Mateu.
2
Marshall, Stephen, and Yuerong Zhang. "Towards a ‘fractal’ typomorphology: integrating concepts of type, form and dimension." In 24th ISUF 2017 - City and Territory in the Globalization Age. Universitat Politècnica València, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/isuf2017.2017.6151.
Full textAbstract:
While the urban fabric has both three and two dimensional aspects, we rarely if ever experience urban form as a fully three-dimensional object nor as a two-dimensional ground plan. Rather, the urban fabric is experienced more in terms of places with a fractal dimension lying between two and three. Hence we can (re)interpret urban form elements from colonnades to streets as ‘fractal’ types. This in turn suggests the possibility for a ‘fractal’ typo-morphology, addressing elements that occupy a typological space ‘in between’ 3D architectural modelling and 2D urban plan analysis. While Moudon could note that aspects of type were ‘vague and flawed with ambiguity’ (1994), it seems that there is still room for clarity; Dovey’s recent review of type (2016) invites further development and integration of the concept of type what may still be a disparate and ambiguous territory. Meanwhile, fractal approaches to morphology have been traditionally more concerned with larger scale urban patterns (e.g. Frankhauser, 2004) or measurement of architectural elements (e.g. Ostwald et al, 2015) with a fractal dimension less than two. This paper explores the possibilities for establishing a ‘fractal typo-morphology’ that recognises the ‘2.x’ dimensional aspect of the urban fabric and its component types. The paper generates a solution-space of types, illustrated with empirical examples, and organizes these into a typology for onward use, so that ideas of type, form and fractal dimension can contribute more fully as ‘conceptual tools’ both for understanding the urban fabric and for use as building blocks for urban design. References (100 words) Dovey, K. (2016) Urban Design Thinking. London: Bloomsbury Academic. Moudon, A. V. (1994) Getting to know the built landscape: typomorphology, in Franck, K. A and H. Schneekloth (eds) Ordering Space: Types in Architecture and Design. New York: VNR. Frankhauser, P. (2004) Comparing the morphology of urban patterns in Europe – a fractal approach, in Borsdorf, A. and Zembri, P. (eds) European Cities – Insights on outskirts. Brussels: COST. Ostwald, M., Vaughan, J. and Tucker, C. (2015) Characteristic visual complexity: Fractal dimensions in the architecture of Frank Lloyd wright and Le Corbusier, in Williams, K. and Ostwald, M. (eds) Architecture and Mathematics from Antiquity to the Future. Switzerland: Springer.
3
Igualada, Javier Pérez. "The Hybrid Block as Urban Form." In 24th ISUF 2017 - City and Territory in the Globalization Age. Universitat Politècnica València, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/isuf2017.2017.4927.
Full textAbstract:
The Hybrid Block as Urban Form Javier Pérez Igualada Escuela Técnica Superior de Arquitectura, Universitat Politécnica de València. Camino de Vera, s/n. 46022 Valencia. E-mail: jperezi@urb.pv.es Keywords: Hybrid Block, Urban Form, Mixed Use Buildings, Open Planning Conference topics and scale: Urban form and social use of space In this paper we analyze the hybrid block as an urban form of synthesis, in which the open order of modern urbanism is superimposed on the closed order of traditional urbanism. In this model, proposed for the first time by Hilberseimer in his 1927 Vertical City, housing and work are not separated but overlapping on mixed-use buildings, where the dwellings are located in slabs or towers shaped as isolated volumes, whose design responds to its own internal logic, based on functional criteria (rational distribution of rooms, orientation, ventilation, sunshine, views...). Those volumes emerge from a compact built-up podium for commercial or office uses, aligned with the perimeter streets and responding to the external logic of the urban fabric. This configures an urban form in which both hybridization of architectural forms and hybridization of uses are obtained, recovering the multifunctional character of the traditional urban block, which had disappeared in functionalist urbanism. The paper examines the reasons that can explain the exclusion of this urban form from the repertoire of elements of modern urbanism, and analyzes the validity of the hybrid block, as an strategy to recompose or reinterpret the urban block, assuming high density and collective housing as a basic typology for the construction of the city. References Martí Arís, C. (1991): Las formas de residencia en la ciudad moderna (UPC, Barcelona). Pérez Igualada, J. (2005): Manzanas, bloques y casas. Formas construidas y formas del suelo en la ciudad contemporánea (Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Valencia). Pérez Igualada, J. (2008): ‘Si cambia la vivienda, cambia la ciudad. La vivienda pequeña y sus formas de agrupación en la Valencia de posguerra’, en AA.VV., Renta limitada. Los grupos de viviendas baratas construidos en la Valencia de posguerra (1939-1964) (Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Valencia) 40-48. Pérez Igualada, Javier (2014): ‘Ecos del norte: la manzana híbrida en el Proyecto para la Avenida de Valencia al Mar de Fernando Moreno Barberá (1959-60)’, ACE: Architecture, City and Environment = Arquitectura, Ciudad y Entorno, 9, 29-52.
4
Dyvik, Steinar Hillersøy, Marcin Luczkowski, John Haddal Mork, Anders Nils Rønnquist, and Bendik Manum. "Design of freeform gridshell structures – Simplifying the parametric workflow." In IABSE Symposium, Guimarães 2019: Towards a Resilient Built Environment Risk and Asset Management. International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/guimaraes.2019.0507.
Full textAbstract:
<p>Freeform structures can provide both aesthetically interesting and material efficient solutions but are considered a demanding task for both structural design, manufacturing and architectural design. A free form surface is therefore rationalized into something more buildable like the gridshell. However, a digital design process with freeform geometry can be a complex and confusing task. By defining a gridshell as <i>nodes</i>(joints) and <i>elements</i>(members), we can set up a parametric workflow that handles the complexity in design and analysis. Optimization and rationalization of shape, topology, and cross-section are studied real-time, giving the designer confidence and design- freedom. This paper explains a parametric workflow for designing freeform gridshells. Through the design and construction of a timber gridshell pavilion with 3D printed nylon nodes, we discovered important elements of the parametric design process of freeform gridshells.</p>
5
Luczkowski, Marcin, Steinar Hillersøy Dyvik, John Haddal Mork, and Anders Nils Rønnquist. "Digital workflows vs. spatial structures design." In IABSE Symposium, Guimarães 2019: Towards a Resilient Built Environment Risk and Asset Management. International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/guimaraes.2019.0563.
Full textAbstract:
<p>Digital workflows are already widely used by the designers (architects and engineers) in creating a better Building Information Modelling (BIM) data flow. In the core of this design method is a para- metric model, which thanks to open source software can be easily customized according to the pro- ject or user needs. Shell or gridshell structures are very sensitive on the external loads, due to the low weight and big span. The accuracy and reliability are therefore a crucial point in design. More and more architects are using parametrical models, based on visual programing (like Grasshopper or Dynamo) to develop form of spatial structure. The parametric model in shell design gives a high precision in creating BIM model and is the starting point for the structural analysis. In this paper we will present a design method, in which the parametric model is not only the starting point for struc- tural analysis. Thanks to a well-established digital workflow it can occur, that structural analysis is made simultaneously with architectural form finding of the shell. The digital workflow, developed by our research group is based on the Finite Element Method (FEM). The design methodology is to create two kind of structural analyses. The first one, called global, is using beam elements to inves- tigate the general forces and deformations. The second one, called local, is using solid/volume ele- ments to investigate the connection solution. Thanks to fast information transfer between this two analysis and automation of this process, the architect can achieve information about feasibility of the whole designed structure in real time. To validate our approach the timber gridshell was de- signed. The structure with nontrivial shape and customized each of the 61 nodes, was build in 2016 in Trondheim. The nodes were manufactured with usage of the 3D printing technology.</p>
6
Lee, Ming-Chun. "Case study on emerging trends in geospatial technologies for study of urban form." In 24th ISUF 2017 - City and Territory in the Globalization Age. Universitat Politècnica València, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/isuf2017.2017.5974.
Full textAbstract:
Geographic Information System (GIS) has been used to study urban form over the past decades. It is particularly useful to measure quantitative variables of urban form, such as density, clustering, proximity, accessibility, etc. Overall, GIS has been an effective tool for researchers in the field. However, GIS as its own field has continued to evolve in a rapid pace. Recent development in the area of geospatial technologies offers new possibilities with new toolsets for spatial analysis and data visualization. This paper traces recent major trends in GIS and discusses their implications to the field of urban form study. These trends include the following: 1) Increase in dimensions with 3D GIS: conventional 2D maps are being replaced by interactive 3D models generated by procedural rules stored in GIS. Along with locations and associated attributes, vertical elevation and architectural details are also represented. 2) Integration with remote sensing: remote sensing not only enables 3D visualization with imagery processing but also provides other spatial information to create meaningful analysis results. For instance, LiDAR point-cloud data allow extraction of built forms and identification of physical features and land covers. 3) Cloud-based GIS: web-based GIS services allow centralized access to location-based information. Yet through distributed mobile platforms, real-time data collection, sharing, and collaboration are done seamlessly in the cloud. 4) Integration with virtual reality: virtual reality creates immersive experiences with a perception of being physically present in a non-physical world. GIS can greatly enhance the accuracy and realism of virtual scenes with up-to-date terrain models, street networks, and 3D features. This paper identifies best practices from two recent projects in North America. It then discusses an on-going project and demonstrates the potentials of these new emerging GIS tools for study of urban form.
7
Bobkova, Evgeniya, Lars Marcus, and Meta Berghauser Pont. "The dual nature of land parcels: exploring the morphological and juridical definition of the term." In 24th ISUF 2017 - City and Territory in the Globalization Age. Universitat Politècnica València, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/isuf2017.2017.5070.
Full textAbstract:
The importance of the parcel (also referred to as ‘plot’ or ‘lot’) as one of the fundamental elements of urban form is well recognized within the field of urban morphology. It has been described as a basic element in the pattern of land divisions that works as an organizational grid for urban form. One of the distinctive features of the parcel is its dual character: it means both a legal unit defining property rights and a physical entity. In urban fabrics, these dimensions act together to drive the evolution of built space. In this paper, we will investigate the entanglements of the morphological and the legislative definitions of the term, with the aim to resolve these, we better can address and compare the vital layer of parcels in different urban contexts, by both identifying common properties of the notion parcels, and dealing with variations in its legal framework in different countries. What we aim to capture with such a comprehensive definition is the relation between urban form and generic functions, which mainly concerns the functions of occupation and movement, where the system of parcels can be identified as spaces that embed an affordance for occupancy in cities of most kinds. The intended outcome of the paper is to unveil the power of the dual nature of the parcel, bridging between spatial and non-spatial dimensions of cities, that is, more precisely, a potential to establish a stronger interface between urban design and planning practice. References Conzen, M., 1960. Alnwick, Northumberland: a study in town-plan analysis. London: Institute of British Geographers. Kropf, K., 1997. When is a plot not a plot: problems in representation and interpretation. Unpublished. Birmingham, University of Birmingham. Marcus, L., 2000. Architectural knowledge and urban form. The functional performance of architectural urbanity. Stockholm Marcus, L., 2010. Spatial Capital. A proposal for an Extension of Space Syntax into a More General Urban Morphology. The Journal of Space Syntax, pp. 30-40. P.Panerai, J. Castex, J.-C. Depaule, 2004. Urban forms. The death and life of urban block. Oxford: Architectural press.
8
Liang, Hui, Qian Zhou, Nejdet Erkan, et al. "Effect of Containment Vessel’s Size Scale on the Aerosol Spray Scavenging Efficiency With Water Mist." In 2020 International Conference on Nuclear Engineering collocated with the ASME 2020 Power Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone2020-16338.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract In the foreseen decommissioning and debris removal plans of the damaged Fukushima Daiichi reactors, the fuel debris will be broken into small pieces using laser or mechanical cutting techniques prior to removing them from the reactor buildings. Regardless of the technique to be employed, submicron radioactive aerosol particles will be generated and dispersed in the gas space of primary containment vessel during cutting operations. The water spray system has been proven to be an applicable method in removing aerosol particles. However, it cannot remove Greenfield-gap aerosol particles (with diameters between 0.1–1 μm) so effectively. To solve this problem, a new agglomeration method by addition of water mist before spray injection was developed. With preexisting water mist, aerosol particles were expected to aggregate with water mist and form larger-sized agglomerated aerosol-mist particles, which increased the effect of inertial impaction mechanism leading to higher scavenging efficiency. The new method has been verified to be capable of improving the spray scavenging efficiency for the Greenfield gap particles by conducting aerosol scavenging experiments without and with mist in the newly built UTARTS facility in the University of Tokyo. The experiment results showed that the aerosol removal rate increased along with the increasing of mist concentration level. To verify the new agglomeration method in different experiment facilities and to investigate the effects of vessel’s size scale on aerosol collection efficiency, similar experiments were repeated in the TOSQAN facility of IRSN, France. Though the cylindrical vessel in two facilities have same internal diameter, the vessel’s height of TOSQAN facility is 4.8 m, which is larger than the one in the UTARTS facility (2.5 m). The experiment results in TOSQAN facility also showed that water mist has potential to improve aerosol spray scavenging efficiency. The corresponding numerical simulations about aerosol removal by spray droplets without mist in both UTARTS and TOSQAN facilities were conducted to better understand the aerosol removal process, including time evolution of aerosol mass fraction and flow field of the gas phase.
9
Baerlecken, Daniel, Judith Reitz, Martin Manegold, and Arne Kuenstler. "Performance-based Design." In 2011 ACSA Teachers Conference. ACSA Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.35483/acsa.teach.2011.1.
Full textAbstract:
Michalatos and Kaijima underline in their paper ‘Structural Information as Material for Design’ (2007) the importance to approach an informed design consistency and respect the “criteria of efficiency, architectural intentions as well as intrinsic properties of the geometry” rather than simple structural optimization of a certain design. Our paper investigates this consistency between architecture and structure within the framework of parametric modeling, which requires architects, engineers and constructors to re-evaluate the feedback loop between how things are designed and constructed. As Mario Carpo (2008) points out CAD and CAM technologies have overthrown the “Albertian Paradigm” which claims that architects should not make things, but should just design and annotate them. As digital tools can be used to design and fabricate at the same time, CAD-CAM technologies have already started to bridge the gap between designers and makers. One of the most influential form related factors on the lighting situation inside the building is – due to its shading behaviour – the dimension and position of the supporting structure of the façade. It is important to investigate these positions at the beginning in-depth, since they serve as hypothesis for the entire planning process. In order to compare a catalogue of various design approaches and different designs in a timely manner, a parametric model has been built defining the rough form of the design.
10
Jacobus, Frank, and Marc Manack. "Remote Control: The Natural Language of Architecture." In 2018 ACSA International Conference. ACSA Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.35483/acsa.intl.2018.30.
Full textAbstract:
The architectural design process is a means of translating information into form, and has long relied on indirect (“remote”) control mechanisms for communicating and translating the architect’s authorial intent into a built work. These methods have generally evolved from a more direct, physical basis, as both technology and the discipline have evolved. To communicate design ideas, architects have relied on methodologies that range from an extreme desire for control, to models that attempt to relinquish many controls entirely. Early communication models, in part due to lack of material, form, and program diversity, allowed for a less systematic and complex descriptive method; inscriptions in the earth, physical detail models along with a set of instructions, or simple scale models of the intention were all that was required.2 As cultures and their technologies advanced, communication methods such as scaled orthographic drawings, specifications and other forms of written instructions, and now fully realized Building Information Models, have become normative practice in a profession that looks for total control of the built work before it is physically realized. Apart from the communicative control models mentioned above, there are authorial models which have also progressed in complexity and abstraction alongside societal advancements. In the discipline’s infancy, authorship involved subtle evolutions of proportion and order within a well-established typological system. In modernism, the authorial models evolved as architects experimented with increased typological invention in response to a radically changing technological and social environment. Advancing to the contemporary “digital” moment, architects continue to develop systems to control complexities within the work, mapping strategies that deal with collecting and spatializing data, while others see contemporary design tools as a means to relinquish some design control to outside forces whose unexpected potential is compelling. This paper gives examples of remote communicative and authorial controls, and posits a new theory of the potential meaningful effects of leveraging these control mechanisms in new ways using three projects by SILO AR+D.