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Jaskot, Kamil, and Sławomir Przyłucki. "Analysis of selected features of application based on monolithic and microservice architecture." Journal of Computer Sciences Institute 25 (December 30, 2022): 393–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.35784/jcsi.3061.
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The article describes the performance of applications built in monolithic and microservice architectures. The base of research includes application supporting prescription management developed with the use of Spring Framework technology and implemented in the Docker Swarm test environment. The tested applications were subjected to various loads in the form of sending HTTP requests that simulated user behaviour. The research has proven that an application created based on microservices architecture offers better traffic handling in case of high load. Scaling a microservice application allows for greater gains in performance measured as quantity served client requests per unit of time than scaling a monolithic application under the same conditions scaling.
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Doljenko, Alexey, Irina Shpolianskaya, and Sergey Glushenko. "Fuzzy production network model for quality assessment of an information system based on microservices." Business Informatics 14, no. 4 (December 31, 2020): 36–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.17323/2587-814x.2020.4.36.46.
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This article describes the analysis of the quality of microservice architectures, which are one of the main approaches to the creation and maintenance of modern information systems capable of quickly respond to changes in business demands. The implementation of continuous delivery of software components for dynamic business processes of information systems can be carried out by various sets of microservices, the optimal choice of which is a complex multi-alternative task. The paper presents a review of existing approaches to solving the problem, which showed that the development of models for assessing the quality of microservices of information systems requires further elaboration in terms of accounting for uncertainty in the initial data and modes of operation. The authors have proposed an approach to solving the problem of analyzing the quality of a microservice architecture which is implemented on the basis of a fuzzy production network model. The model allows for comprehensive accounting of various parameters (qualitative and quantitative). The article shows the implementation process of the fuzzy production network that was developed to analyze the functional quality of the microservice architecture for processing customer orders using fuzzy modeling software. The results of the analysis will allow managers and system architects to make an informed choice of the microservice architecture of the information system, as well as use it in their reports when arguing the need for scaling the system and increasing the availability of microservices.
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Havano, Bohdan, and Mykola Morozov. "Assessing the Human Condition in Medical Cyber-Physical System Based on Microservices Architecture." Advances in Cyber-Physical Systems 6, no. 2 (December 17, 2021): 112–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/acps2021.02.112.
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The goal of the work is to propose architectural and information model for assessing the human condition on the basis of microservice architecture in medical cyber-physical system, which, in contrast to the known models for assessing the human condition, can simultaneously provide scaling, fault tolerance and increase the speed of human condition assessment. The theoretical substantiation and the new decision of an actual scientific problem of development and research means of an estimation of a human condition in medical cyber-physical system have been considered. These means involve the parallel processing of data on vital signs of the human condition, organizing the means of information processing into separate independent logical elements — microservices, in comparison with other existing medical cyber-physical systems. An architectural model based on microservice architecture has been proposed.
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Barabanov, Alexander, and Denis Makrushin. "Authentication and Authorization in Microservice-Based Systems: Survey of Architecture Patterns." Voprosy kiberbezopasnosti, no. 4(38) (2020): 32–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.21681/2311-3456-2020-04-32-43.
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Abstract Objective. Service-oriented architecture and its microservice-based approach increase an attack surface of applications. Exposed microservices become a pivot point for advanced persistent threats and completely change the threat landscape. Correctly implemented authentication and authorization architecture patterns are basis of any software maturity program. The aim of this study is to provide a helpful resource to application security architect and developers on existing architecture patterns to implement authentication and authorization in microservices-based systems. Method. In this paper, we conduct a systematic review of major electronic databases and libraries as well as security standards and presentations at the major security conferences. Results and practical relevance. In this work based on research papers and major security conferences presentations analysis, we identified industry best practices in authentication and authorization patterns and its applicability depending on environment characteristic. For each described patterns we reviewed its advantages and disadvantages that could be used as decision-making criteria for application security architects during architecture design phase.
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Chimakurthi, Venkata Naga Satya Surendra. "Risks of Multi-Cloud Environment: Micro Services Based Architecture and Potential Challenges." ABC Research Alert 5, no. 3 (December 31, 2017): 33—xx. http://dx.doi.org/10.18034/abcra.v5i3.590.
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Over the most recent couple of years, a modified programming engineering style has been created to plan new programming applications. This engineering style is especially appropriate for use cases in the avionic business, from an autonomously deployable programming administration. These administrations are worked around business and mission capacities and are freely deployable by completely computerized apparatus. With microservices, a few sorts of uses become simpler to construct and keep up with when they are separated into more modest, composable pieces that cooperate. This is rather than a conventional, "solid" application that is completely evolved in one piece. This paper will talk about, a few parts of microservices-based engineering, including a few potential use cases for the aeronautic trade. The qualities of microservice-based engineering like componentization, association, endpoints, and informing systems. The specialized execution of microservices by auditing containerization, administrations correspondence, and related design parts. Explicit open-source tasks and parts that can be used to fabricate the microservices-based design. An example set of utilization cases.
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Kazanavičius, Justas, Dalius Mažeika, and Diana Kalibatienė. "An Approach to Migrate a Monolith Database into Multi-Model Polyglot Persistence Based on Microservice Architecture: A Case Study for Mainframe Database." Applied Sciences 12, no. 12 (June 17, 2022): 6189. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12126189.
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Migration from a monolithic architecture to a microservice architecture is a complex challenge, which consists of issues such as microservices identification, code decomposition, commination between microservices, independent deployment, etc. One of the key issues is data storage adaptation to a microservice architecture. A monolithic architecture interacts with a single database, while in microservice architecture, data storage is decentralized, each microservice works independently and has its own private data storage. A viable option to fulfil different microservice persistence requirements is polyglot persistence, which is data storage technology selected according to the characteristics of each microservice need. This research aims to propose and evaluate the approach of monolith database migration into multi-model polyglot persistence based on microservice architecture. The novelty and relevance of the proposed approach are double, that is, it provides a general approach of how to conduct database migration from monolith architecture into a microservice architecture and allows the data model to be transformed into multi-model polyglot persistence. Migration from a mainframe monolith database to a multi-model polyglot persistence was performed as a proof-of-concept for the proposed migration approach. Quality attributes defined in the ISO/IEC 25012:2008 standard were used to evaluate and compare the data quality of the microservice with the multi-model polyglot persistence and the existing monolith mainframe database. Results of the research showed that the proposed approach can be used to conduct data storage migration from a monolith to microservice architecture and improve the quality of the consistency, understandability, availability, and portability attributes. Moreover, we expect that our results could inspire researchers and practitioners toward further work aimed to improve and automate the proposed approach.
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Suljkanović, Alen, Branko Milosavljević, Vladimir Inđić, and Igor Dejanović. "Developing Microservice-Based Applications Using the Silvera Domain-Specific Language." Applied Sciences 12, no. 13 (July 1, 2022): 6679. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12136679.
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Microservice Architecture (MSA) is a rising trend in software architecture design. Applications based on MSA are distributed applications whose components are microservices. MSA has already been adopted with great success by numerous companies, and a significant number of published papers discuss its advantages. However, the results of recent studies show that there are several important challenges in the adoption of microservices such as finding the right decomposition approach, heterogeneous technology stacks, lack of relevant skills, out-of-date documentation, etc. In this paper, we present Silvera, a Domain-Specific Language (DSL), and a compiler for accelerating the development of microservices. Silvera is a declarative language that allows users to model the architecture of microservice-based systems. It is designed so that it can be used both by inexperienced and experienced developers. The following characteristics distinguish Silvera from similar tools: (i) lightweight and editor-agnostic language, (ii) built with heterogeneity in mind, (iii) uses microservice-tailored metrics to evaluate the architecture of the designed system, and (iv) automatically generates the documentation. Silvera’s retargetable compiler transforms models into runnable code and produces the documentation for each microservice in the model. The compiler can produce code for any programming language or framework since code generators are registered as plugins. We present a case study that illustrates the use of Silvera and also discuss some current limitations and development directions. To evaluate Silvera, we conducted a survey based on A Framework for Qualitative Assessment of DSLs (FQAD), where we focused on the following DSL characteristics: functional suitability, usability, reliability, productivity, extendability, and expressiveness. Overall, the survey results show that Silvera satisfies these characteristics.
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Yu, Hang, Xiulei Wang, Changyou Xing, and Bo Xu. "A Microservice Resilience Deployment Mechanism Based on Diversity." Security and Communication Networks 2022 (June 1, 2022): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/7146716.
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The microservice architecture has many advantages, such as technology heterogeneity, isolation, scalability, simple deployment, and convenient optimization. These advantages are important as we can use diversity and redundancy to improve the resilience of software system. It is necessary to study the method of improving the resilience of software system by diversity implementation and redundant deployment of software core components based on microservice framework. How to optimize the diversity deployment of microservices is a key problem to maximize system resilience and make full use of resources. To solve this problem, an efficient microservice diversity deployment mechanism is proposed in this paper. Firstly, we creatively defined a load balancing indicator and a diversity indicator. Based on this, a diversified microservices deployment model is established to maximize the resilience and the resource utilization of the system. Secondly, combined with load balancing, a microservice deployment algorithm based on load balance and diversity is proposed, which reduces the service’s dependence on the underlying mirror by enriching diversity and avoids the overreliance of microservices on a single node through decentralized deployment, while taking into account load balancing. Finally, we conduct experiments to evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithm. The results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm outperforms other algorithms.
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Dontsov, Alexander A., and Igor A. Sutorikhin. "DEVELOPMENT OF A GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM BASED ON MICROSERVICE ARCHITECTURE." Interexpo GEO-Siberia 4, no. 1 (May 21, 2021): 41–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.33764/2618-981x-2021-4-1-41-44.
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The paper discusses the use of microservice architecture in the development of distributed geographic information systems (GIS) for collecting, processing and analyzing data. Microservice architecture is used to build applications in information systems related to solving business problems, and is not widespread in the development of geographic information systems in the scientific field. However, its application is now becoming increasingly important. Decomposition of the software implementation and GIS infrastructure associated with computations and data processing into components in the form of microservices has a number of advantages, such as: increased fault tolerance, increased flexibility, reduced maintenance effort, simplified scaling, and others. The first results of the application of the microservice approach in the development of a geoinformation system for the collection and processing of hydrological and hydrobiological data on the state of water bodies are shown. The architecture, main components, and features of building infrastructure are shown.
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Kuruoglu Dolu, Betul, Anil Cetinkaya, M. Cagri Kaya, Selma Nazlioglu, and Ali H. Dogru. "MSDeveloper: A Variability-Guided Methodology for Microservice-Based Development." Applied Sciences 12, no. 22 (November 11, 2022): 11439. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app122211439.
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This article presents a microservice-based development approach, MSDeveloper (Microservices Developer), employing variability management for product configuration through a low-code development environment. The purpose of this approach is to offer a general-purpose environment for the easier development of families of products for different domains: a domain-oriented development environment is suggested, where domain developers and product developers can utilize the environment as a software ecosystem. Thus, genericity is offered through supporting different domains. A domain is populated with feature and process models and microservices in a layered architecture. Feature models drive the product configuration, which affects the process model and the microservice layer. An experimental study was conducted to validate the applicability of the approach and the usability of the development environment. Students from different courses were assigned system modeling projects where they utilized helper tools supporting the provided methodology. Furthermore, professional software developers were consulted about this recommended domain-oriented development environment. Feedback from student projects and professionals’ remarks are analyzed and discussed.
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Milić, Miloš, and Dragana Makajić-Nikolić. "Development of a Quality-Based Model for Software Architecture Optimization: A Case Study of Monolith and Microservice Architectures." Symmetry 14, no. 9 (September 2, 2022): 1824. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym14091824.
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Various architectures can be applied in software design. The aim of this research is to examine a typical implementation of Jakarta EE monolithic and microservice software architectures in the context of software quality attributes. Software quality standards are used to define quality models, as well as quality characteristics and sub-characteristics, i.e., software quality attributes. This paper evaluates monolithic and microservice architectures in the context of Coupling, Testability, Security, Complexity, Deployability, and Availability quality attributes. The performed examinations yielded a quality-based mixed integer goal programming mathematical model for software architecture optimization. The model incorporates various software metrics and considers their maximal, minimal or targeted values, as well as upper and lower deviations. The objective is the sum of all deviations, which should be minimal. Considering the presented model, a solution which incorporated multiple monoliths and microservices was defined. This way, the internal structure of the software is defined in a consistent and symmetrical context, while the external software behavior remains unchanged. In addition, an intersection point of monolithic and microservice software architectures, where software metrics obtain the same values, was introduced. Within the intersection point, either one of the architectures can be applied. With the exception of some metrics, an increase in the number of features leads to a value increase of software metrics in microservice software architecture, whilst these values are constant in monolithic software architecture. An increase in the number of features indicated a quality attribute’s importance for the software system should be examined and an appropriate architecture should be selected accordingly. Finally, practical recommendations regarding software architectures in terms of software quality were given. Since each software system needs to meet non-functional in addition to functional requirements, a quality-driven software engineering can be established.
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Leines-Vite, Lenin, Juan Carlos Pérez-Arriaga, and Xavier Limón. "Information and Communication Security Mechanisms For Microservices-based Systems." International Journal of Network Security & Its Applications 13, no. 6 (November 30, 2021): 85–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.5121/ijnsa.2021.13607.
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Security has become paramount in modern software services as more and more security breaches emerge, impacting final users and organizations alike. Trends like the Microservice Architecture bring new security challenges related to communication, system design, development, and operation. The literature presents a plethora of security-related solutions for microservices-based systems, but the spread of information difficult practitioners' adoption of novel security related solutions. In this study, we aim to present a catalogue and discussion of security solutions based on algorithms, protocols, standards, or implementations; supporting principles or characteristics of information security, considering the three possible states of data, according to the McCumber Cube. Our research follows a Systematic Literature Review, synthesizing the results with a meta-aggregation process. We identified a total of 30 primary studies, yielding 75 security solutions for the communication of microservices.
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Li, Yiren, Tieke Li, Pei Shen, Liang Hao, Wenjing Liu, Shuai Wang, Yufei Song, and Liang Bao. "Sim-DRS: a similarity-based dynamic resource scheduling algorithm for microservice-based web systems." PeerJ Computer Science 7 (December 17, 2021): e824. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.824.
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Microservice-based Web Systems (MWS), which provide a fundamental infrastructure for constructing large-scale cloud-based Web applications, are designed as a set of independent, small and modular microservices implementing individual tasks and communicating with messages. This microservice-based architecture offers great application scalability, but meanwhile incurs complex and reactive autoscaling actions that are performed dynamically and periodically based on current workloads. However, this problem has thus far remained largely unexplored. In this paper, we formulate a problem of Dynamic Resource Scheduling for Microservice-based Web Systems (DRS-MWS) and propose a similarity-based heuristic scheduling algorithm that aims to quickly find viable scheduling schemes by utilizing solutions to similar problems. The performance superiority of the proposed scheduling solution in comparison with three state-of-the-art algorithms is illustrated by experimental results generated through a well-known microservice benchmark on disparate computing nodes in public clouds.
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Kim, Yeonggwang, D. M. BAPPY, and Jinsul Kim. "Artificial Intelligence IoT Architecture Based on Microservices." Journal of Contents Computing 3, no. 1 (June 30, 2021): 289–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.9728/jcc.2021.06.3.1.289.
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Raj, Vinay, and Ravichandra Sadam. "A Framework for Migration of SOA based Applications to Microservices Architecture." Journal of Computer Science and Technology 21, no. 2 (October 21, 2021): e18. http://dx.doi.org/10.24215/16666038.21.e18.
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This Distributed systems have evolved rapidly as the demand for independent design, and deployment ofsoftware applications has increased. It has emerged from the monolithic style of client-server architecture toservice-oriented architecture, and then to the trending microservices. Monolithic applications are difficult toupdate, maintain, and deploy as it makes the application code very complex to understand. To overcome the designand deployment challenges in monolithic applications, service oriented architecture has emerged as a style ofdecomposing the entire application into loosely coupled, scalable, and interoperable services. Though SOA hasbecome popular in the integration of multiple applications using the enterprise service bus, there are fewchallenges related to delivery, deployment, governance, and interoperability of services. Additionally, the servicesin SOA applications are tending towards monolithic in size with the increase in changing user requirements. Toovercome the design and maintenance challenges in SOA, microservices has emerged as a new architectural styleof designing applications with loose coupling, independent deployment, and scalability as key features.
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Qiu, Juan, Qingfeng Du, Kanglin Yin, Shuang-Li Zhang, and Chongshu Qian. "A Causality Mining and Knowledge Graph Based Method of Root Cause Diagnosis for Performance Anomaly in Cloud Applications." Applied Sciences 10, no. 6 (March 22, 2020): 2166. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10062166.
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With the development of cloud computing technology, the microservice architecture (MSA) has become a prevailing application architecture in cloud-native applications. Many user-oriented services are supported by many microservices, and the dependencies between services are more complicated than those of a traditional monolithic architecture application. In such a situation, if an anomalous change happens in the performance metric of a microservice, it will cause other related services to be downgraded or even to fail, which would probably cause large losses to dependent businesses. Therefore, in the operation and maintenance job of cloud applications, it is critical to mine the causality of the problem and find its root cause as soon as possible. In this paper, we propose an approach for mining causality and diagnosing the root cause that uses knowledge graph technology and a causal search algorithm. We verified the proposed method on a classic cloud-native application and found that the method is effective. After applying our method on most of the services of a cloud-native application, both precision and recall were over 80%.
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Singhal, Harshul, Arpit Saxena, Nitesh Mittal, Chetna Dabas, and Parmeet Kaur. "PolyGlot Persistence for Microservices-Based Applications." International Journal of Information Technologies and Systems Approach 14, no. 1 (January 2021): 17–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijitsa.2021010102.
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Traditionally, applications have used a single database to fulfill their storage requirements. However, limiting storage to a specific type of database system may result in a compromise in some functionalities of the application due to database features. This paper proposes an architectural framework for an application to exploit heterogeneous databases with a polyglot approach. A working application to demonstrate the use of different databases for various modules of an application is presented. Two instances of MongoDB and a single instance of MySQL have been used in the proposed application. Container technology is used to deploy the application's services like databases and web server. The use of microservices has resulted in a completely flexible and scalable application that utilizes the desired features of heterogeneous databases for its constituent modules. The proposed architecture is validated and compared with existing models. The performance comparison results are tabulated for six crucial parameters listed in the ISO/IEC 25010 standard.
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Prokhorov, P. V., and D. I. Gerasimenko. "MICROSERVICES ARCHITECTURE FOR SOLVE SEARCH PROBLEMS IN OBJECT-BASED STORAGES." Applied Mathematics and Fundamental Informatics 7, no. 3 (2020): 018–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.25206/2311-4908-2020-7-3-18-23.
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This article discusses microservice architecture when solving the problem of searching object storage similar to Amazon S3. The main focus is on popular solutions and core services used in microservice architecture. Ready-made search engines are also considered: Elastissearch; Apache Solr, when solving a search problem in a developed application. Describes tools that facilitate development and debugging in a microservice architecture.
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Fan, Guisheng, Liang Chen, Huiqun Yu, and Wei Qi. "Multi-objective optimization of container-based microservice scheduling in edge computing." Computer Science and Information Systems, no. 00 (2020): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/csis200229041f.
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Edge computing provides physical resources closer to end users, becoming a good complement to cloud computing.With the rapid development of container technology and microservice architecture, container orchestration has become a hot issue. However, the container-based microservice scheduling problem in edge computing is still urgent to be solved. In this paper, we first formulate the containerbased microservice scheduling as a multi-objective optimization problem, aiming to optimize network latency among microservices, reliability of microservice applications and load balancing of the cluster. We further propose a latency, reliability and load balancing aware scheduling (LRLBAS) algorithm to determine the container-based microservice deployment in edge computing. Our proposed algorithm is based on particle swarm optimization (PSO). In addition, we give a handling strategy to separate the fitness function from constraints, so that each particle has two fitness values. In the proposed algorithm, a new particle comparison criterion is introduced and a certain proportion of infeasible particles are reserved adaptively. Extensive simulation experiments are conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed algorithm compared with other related algorithms.
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Jin, Gaimin, Lifang He, and Sang-Bing Tsai. "An Empirical Study on Virtual English Teaching System Based on the Microservice Architecture with Wireless Internet Sensor Network." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2021 (September 2, 2021): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/8494410.
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We design in this paper a virtual English teaching system based on a wireless sensor network using the features of microservice architecture such as low coupling, lightweight, and high autonomy. This paper explains the characteristics of microservice architecture, uses the wireless sensor network as a carrier, uses the technology provided by Spring Cloud ecology to practice microservices, and makes a specific design and implementation of microservice architecture. The system allows teachers and students to upload and download English course resources, adopts the knowledge map to classify and manage course resources, realizes the diversified search and sorting function of course resources, greatly facilitates users to query and manage course resources, and improves the utilization rate. The internal functional modules of the platform are reasonably divided with the microservice design principle and are developed and deployed independently. For the security of the system, the authentication mechanism of the device and the authentication and authentication strategy of the application interface are designed, respectively. Finally, functional and nonfunctional tests were conducted on the system through the built test environment. The test results show that the virtual English teaching system designed and implemented in this paper has good feasibility and scalability. Through the research of this paper, it brings great help to the wireless sensor network virtual English teaching system and also improves the learning efficiency of students.
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Kyösti, Petter, and John Lindström. "SOA-Based Platform Use in Development and Operation of Automation Solutions: Challenges, Opportunities, and Supporting Pillars towards Emerging Trends." Applied Sciences 12, no. 3 (January 20, 2022): 1074. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12031074.
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The paper which is based on a literature review combined with a case study, spanning manufacturing and process industry contexts, set out to determine whether there is an emerging trend to use a service-oriented architecture (SOA)-based platform supporting microservices while developing and operating automation solutions while also considering effects and implications. The results point out that there is a significant potential, during the lifecycle, to save significant engineering time/effort during the development-related and operations phases while integrating systems and adding new types of sensors or other equipment. In addition, the results indicate that there are also business development advantages when promoting an SOA-based architecture supporting microservices towards monolith architectures and that a cybersecurity baseline can be included as part of the platform baseline. However, there is a threshold, before the benefits can be reaped, in terms of the need to build up a competency and skills set concerning the platform, SOA and microservices, as many providers of automation solutions are still doing the development in a traditional old monolithic style with hard-coded integrations between components and systems. Finally, we see an emerging trend to use a competent SOA-based platform in the development and operation of automation solutions.
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Molchanov, Heorhii, and Anatolii Zhmaiev. "CIRCUIT BREAKER IN SYSTEMS BASED ON MICROSERVICES ARCHITECTURE." Advanced Information Systems 2, no. 4 (December 26, 2018): 74–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.20998/2522-9052.2018.4.13.
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Sun, Long, Yan Li, and Raheel Ahmed Memon. "An open IoT framework based on microservices architecture." China Communications 14, no. 2 (February 2017): 154–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cc.2017.7868163.
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Rai, Ankush, and Jagadeesh Kannan R. "MATHEMATICAL ARCHITECTURE OF MICROSERVICES FOR GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM BASED HEALTH MANAGEMENT SYSTEM." Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 10, no. 13 (April 1, 2017): 402. http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2017.v10s1.19976.
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Despite the wide adoption of distributed computing with several webs standards and cloud technologies; building of city wide health management system for smart city platform is a daunting task. Owing to the limitations in sparse learning of disease outbreak and its dynamic nature. As it would require development of a scalable, distributed and evolving architecture on the web; where a sparse machine learning based algorithm will enable authorities collaborate in preventing, controlling and responding to a specific disease outbreak and its time factor analysis. In this work, a mathematical system model is presented for sparse learning in Geographic Information System (GIS) based architecture to support continuity of microservices in health management setting. The model is able to continually cope with the transformation in architecture to match with the system goals of microservices and anticipate the evolutionary aspects of the architecture configuration.
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dos Santos, Yago, and Edna Dias Canedo. "On the Design and Implementation of an IoT based Architecture for Reading Ultra High Frequency Tags." Information 10, no. 2 (January 27, 2019): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/info10020041.
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Internet of Things comprises an increasing number of interconnected smart devices, where communication happens anytime, anywhere, reducing hardware costs and the complexity of the architectures. Reading Radio Frequency Identification tags using ultra high frequency is a high-cost activity because of its infrastructure and the radio frequency identification tag reading device for these frequencies. This work proposes an architecture that enables the cost reduction of Radio Frequency Identification tag reading equipment operating ultra high frequency in an infrastructure using cloud computing and microservices. The use of cloud computing and microservices was necessary due to scalability and the management of large volumes of data that can be generated by reading Radio Frequency Identification tags using ultra high frequency and the complexity of the architecture related to the theme of this work. The proposed architecture was applied in a real case study to verify its adherence and compliance. The proposed architecture can be used in any system that presents similar characteristics to the one proposed in this work. In scenarios where reading distance is a fundamental requirement, it is necessary to include an external antenna for better results. Other practical experiments will be carried out to evaluate the use of the proposed architecture in other contexts related to the use of Internet of Things and reading of Radio Frequency Identification tags.
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Bixio, Luca, Giorgio Delzanno, Stefano Rebora, and Matteo Rulli. "A Flexible IoT Stream Processing Architecture Based on Microservices." Information 11, no. 12 (December 2, 2020): 565. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/info11120565.
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The Internet of Things (IoT) has created new and challenging opportunities for data analytics. The IoT represents an infinitive source of massive and heterogeneous data, whose real-time processing is an increasingly important issue. IoT applications usually consist of multiple technological layers connecting ‘things’ to a remote cloud core. These layers are generally grouped into two macro levels: the edge level (consisting of the devices at the boundary of the network near the devices that produce the data) and the core level (consisting of the remote cloud components of the application). The aim of this work is to propose an adaptive microservices architecture for IoT platforms which provides real-time stream processing functionalities that can seamlessly both at the edge-level and cloud-level. More in detail, we introduce the notion of μ-service, a stream processing unit that can be indifferently allocated on the edge and core level, and a Reference Architecture that provides all necessary services (namely Proxy, Adapter and Data Processing μ-services) for dealing with real-time stream processing in a very flexible way. Furthermore, in order to abstract away from the underlying stream processing engine and IoT layers (edge/cloud), we propose: (1) a service definition language consisting of a configuration language based on JSON objects (interoperability), (2) a rule-based query language with basic filter operations that can be compiled to most of the existing stream processing engines (portability), and (3) a combinator language to build pipelines of filter definitions (compositionality). Although our proposal has been designed to extend the Senseioty platform, a proprietary IoT platform developed by FlairBit, it could be adapted to every platform based on similar technologies. As a proof of concept, we provide details of a preliminary prototype based on the Java OSGi framework.
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Gias, Alim Ul. "Model-based Resource Management for Fine-grained Services." ACM SIGMETRICS Performance Evaluation Review 50, no. 3 (December 30, 2022): 28–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3579342.3579350.
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Brief Biography: Alim Ul Gias is currently a Research Associate at the Centre for Parallel Computing (CPC), University of Westminster. He completed his PhD from Imperial College London in 2022. Before starting his PhD, Alim was a lecturer at Institute of Information Technology (IIT), University of Dhaka (DU). He completed his bachelor's and master's program from the same institute. His current research focuses on different Quality of Service (QoS) aspects of cloud-native applications e.g., microservices. In particular, he aims to address the performance and resource management challenges concenrining the microservices architecture.
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Ermolenko, D., K. Kilicheva, A. Khakimov, and A. Muthanna. "Exploring a Model Network for Orchestation IoT Services Based on Kubernetes." Telecom IT 8, no. 4 (December 23, 2020): 69–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.31854/2307-1303-2020-8-4-69-82.
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This paper focuses on the implementation of the concept of microservices, which can be used to design and implement distributed edge services for IoT applications. Basically, IoT is a platform where integrat-ed services are connected to a common network, so all devices are able to collect and exchange data with each other. Typically, monolithic user mobility services are developed
for the core components of the ETSI MEC Unified Systems Reference Architecture. The ETSI MEC views microservices as a tool for separating monolithic applications into a set of loosely coupled distributed components, i.e. which provides an independent unit that implements a function. This architecture is expected to facilitate dynamic adaptation at runtime. However, increased modularity can also increase the load on orchestration and system management. In MEC, user equipment is connected through gate-ways to microservices running at the edge node. In the work, a distributed service is implemented using Docker containers and is designed to actually adapt to surrounding low-capacity servers. The results demonstrate that low latency for edge applications can be achieved with this kind of implementation. The integration of software technology with a standardized boundary system provides a solid foundation for subsequent development. This article discusses the use of edge computing architecture and Kubernetes for orchestration and management of network applications.
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Daoud, Mohamed, Asmae El Mezouari, Noura Faci, Djamal Benslimane, Zakaria Maamar, and Aziz El Fazziki. "A multi-model based microservices identification approach." Journal of Systems Architecture 118 (September 2021): 102200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102200.
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López-Pimentel, Juan Carlos, Luis Alberto Morales-Rosales, and Ignacio Algredo-Badillo. "A Cloud Microservices Architecture for Data Integrity Verifiability Based on Blockchain." Applied Sciences 12, no. 5 (March 7, 2022): 2754. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12052754.
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The current digital age, mainly characterized by an economy based upon information technology, demands a data integrity service, even more so because organizations and companies are migrating their services over the cloud. This is not a simple task; it is cumbersome since traditional schemes in databases could be subject to modifications. However, it can be solved using blockchain technology. This paper provides a data integrity verifiability architecture for cloud systems based on blockchain. The architecture provides a mechanism to store events (as logs) within a blockchain platform from any cloud system. Users can then consult data integrity through a microservice, acting as an intermediate server that carries out a set of verification steps within the blockchain, which confirms the integrity of a previously stored log. Our architecture takes advantage of the blockchain strength concerning integrity, providing a traceability track of the stored logs. A prototype system and a case study were implemented based on the proposed architecture. Our experimental results show that the proposed decentralized architecture can be adapted to cloud existing systems that were born without blockchain technology and require a modular and scalable audit characteristic.
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Gridin, V. N., V. I. Anisimov, and S. A. Vasil'ev. "METHODS FOR CONSTRUCTING A DISTRIBUTED SCHEMATIC CAD-SYSTEM BASED ON SERVICE-ORIENTED ARCHITECTURE AND DATA PACKAGING." Vestnik komp'iuternykh i informatsionnykh tekhnologii, no. 206 (August 2021): 38–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.14489/vkit.2021.08.pp.038-046.
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The article discusses the evolution of service-oriented architecture. The prerequisites for the emergence of an architectural style for the development of distributed service-oriented software systems based on the ESB bus are determined. A standardized ESB bus structure is provided with the assignment of basic and optional components. The main advantages and disadvantages of SOA architecture based on the use of ESB bus, as well as its impact on the development of service-oriented architecture are considered. The principles of construction and organization of distributed web-oriented systems based on microservice architecture are determined. The main advantages and disadvantages of microservices, both the architectural approach and the organization of the development process, are given. Serverless technologies for building information systems are considered as a stage in the evolution of a service-oriented architecture based on a paradigm shift towards an event-driven approach of the participants of the software complex. The structure of distributed web-oriented systems and the purpose of their components built on the basis of a serverless architectural approach are determined. Middleware is proposed to propagate a transaction between the components of a serverless event-driven system and to cancel it, if it is incomplete. The paper describes the methodology for constructing mathematical and software support for automation systems for circuit design based on data packaging. The main tasks of automation of circuit design are given. The efficiency of known methods of matrix packing, their advantages and disadvantages of use are considered. The modernization of the description separation method by means of a two-stage array formation technology is proposed. The scheme and algorithm for the practical implementation of the two-stage technology of array formation are described. An algorithm for the transformation of the vector X is given in the final calculation of the variables of the modeled circuit, taking into account the permutations in the case of LU-factorization.
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Valencia-Martinez, Camilo Alejandro, Paulo Alonso Gaona-García, and Carlos Enrique Montenegro-Marin. "Design of a trust system for e-commerce platforms based on quality dimensions for linked open datasets." Journal of Information Systems Engineering and Management 8, no. 1 (January 3, 2023): 18756. http://dx.doi.org/10.55267/iadt.07.12741.
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This article describes a proposal about a trust system for e-commerce platform based on semantic web technologies and trust dimensions rules. We try to expose a system that allow to manage communication processes between e-commerce platforms and users in a trustworthy manner. It allows the data flows and transactions gain more trust across the entire process. All of this can be achieved through the inference of rules exposed in the defined ontology, complemented by a cloud-based system with microservices architecture. With the implementation of the system through an e-commerce platform, could consume data from the microservices in order to get inferences about its clients that want to buy or sell something within its system. This system was created based on rules defined by the ontology, as well as the microservices could be used to register information about multiple e-commerce transactions. The result of this work is the Ontology and semantic web rules defined and implemented through protege.
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Tang, Weilun, Li Wang, and Guangtao Xue. "Design of Information System Architecture of Garment Enterprises Based on Microservices." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1168 (February 2019): 032128. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1168/3/032128.
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Yu, Songwei, Haili Chang, and Hanjun Wang. "Design of Cloud Computing and Microservice-Based Urban Rail Transit Integrated Supervisory Control System Plus." Urban Rail Transit 6, no. 4 (November 9, 2020): 187–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40864-020-00138-z.
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AbstractIn traditional metro weak current systems, subsystems built by different manufacturers are physically separated, and devices are redundant while data are isolated. This causes low resource use, high maintenance cost, long customization cycles, and high interface complexity. In this paper, based on an analysis of the problems in traditional metro weak current systems, a novel cloud and microservice-based urban rail transit integrated supervisory control system (ISCS) named ISCS Plus is proposed. The integration mode of each subsystem is determined by analyzing safety requirements, real-time performance, and business characteristics. An infrastructure platform is designed to share resources and isolate applications based on cloud computing technology, while traditional subsystems are decomposed as microservices and merged into different applications. Finally, the entire architecture of ISCS Plus is established and its features are discussed. ISCS Plus plays a key role in the systematic, intelligent, and automatic solution for metro weak current systems and supports the development of the world's leading metro weak current systems.
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Imran, Shabir Ahmad, and DoHyeun Kim. "Design and Implementation of Thermal Comfort System based on Tasks Allocation Mechanism in Smart Homes." Sustainability 11, no. 20 (October 21, 2019): 5849. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11205849.
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The recent trend in the Internet of Things (IoT) is bringing innovations in almost every field of science. IoT is mainly focused on the connectivity of things via the Internet. IoT’s integration tools are developed based on the Do It Yourself (DIY) approach, as the general public lacks technical skills. This paper presents a thermal comfort system based on tasks allocation mechanism in smart homes. This paper designs and implements the tasks allocation mechanism based on virtual objects composition for IoT applications. We provide user-friendly drag and drops panels for the new IoT users to visualize both task composition and device virtualization. This paper also designs tasks generation from microservices, tasks mapping, task scheduling, and tasks allocation for thermal comfort applications in smart home. Microservices are functional units of services in an IoT environment. Physical devices are registered, and their corresponding virtual objects are initialized. Tasks are generated from the microservices and connected with the relevant virtual objects. Afterward, they are scheduled and finally allocated on the physical IoT device. The task composition toolbox is deployed on the cloud for users to access the application remotely. The performance of the proposed architecture is evaluated using both real-time and simulated scenarios. Round trip time (RTT), response time, task dropping and latency are used as the performance metrics. Results indicate that even for worst-case scenarios, values of these metrics are negligible, which makes our architecture significant, better and ideal for task allocation in IoT network.
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Popović, Ivan, Ilija Radovanovic, Ivan Vajs, Dejan Drajic, and Nenad Gligorić. "Building Low-Cost Sensing Infrastructure for Air Quality Monitoring in Urban Areas Based on Fog Computing." Sensors 22, no. 3 (January 28, 2022): 1026. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22031026.
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Because the number of air quality measurement stations governed by a public authority is limited, many methodologies have been developed in order to integrate low-cost sensors and to improve the spatial density of air quality measurements. However, at the large-scale level, the integration of a huge number of sensors brings many challenges. The volume, velocity and processing requirements regarding the management of the sensor life cycle and the operation of system services overcome the capabilities of the centralized cloud model. In this paper, we present the methodology and the architectural framework for building large-scale sensing infrastructure for air quality monitoring applicable in urban scenarios. The proposed tiered architectural solution based on the adopted fog computing model is capable of handling the processing requirements of a large-scale application, while at the same time sustaining real-time performance. Furthermore, the proposed methodology introduces the collection of methods for the management of edge-tier node operation through different phases of the node life cycle, including the methods for node commission, provision, fault detection and recovery. The related sensor-side processing is encapsulated in the form of microservices that reside on the different tiers of system architecture. The operation of system microservices and their collaboration was verified through the presented experimental case study.
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Macías, Aurora, Elena Navarro, and Pascual González. "A Microservice-Based Framework for Developing Internet of Things and People Applications." Proceedings 31, no. 1 (November 21, 2019): 85. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2019031085.
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The Internet of things (IoT) is characterized by billions of heterogeneous, distributed, and intelligent objects—both from the digital and the physical worlds—running applications and services. Objects are connected through heterogeneous platforms providing support for the collection and management of data that need to be understood. Since IoT systems are composed by a variety of objects and services, a key aspect for engineering them is their architecture. The new paradigm called Internet of people (IoP) is not unaware of this need. In IoP, humans play an important role so that design considering aspects as context becomes critical for making the most of these applications. This work presents a context-aware, serverless, microservice-based, and cloud-centric framework for the Internet of things and people (IoT-P) applications that extends the three-layer classic IoT reference architecture. It integrates most of the aspects considered by the architecture of IoT solutions emerging from different perspectives, being also domain independent. This work focuses on the application paradigm of IoT neglected by most proposals. This framework, combined with a previous work, offers a higher separation of concerns (SoC) degree than other proposals, by splitting the application layer into different sublayers or subsystems based on their responsibilities and tracing atomic components to serverless microservices, to facilitate the design, development, and deployment of IoT-P applications. An IoT-P application in the healthcare domain is presented to illustrate how this framework can be put into practice.
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Rathore, Nitin, and Anand Rajavat. "Scalable Edge Computing Environment Based on the Containerized Microservices and Minikube." International Journal of Software Science and Computational Intelligence 14, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijssci.312560.
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The growing number of connected IoT devices and their continuous data collection will generate huge amounts of data in the near future. Edge computing has emerged as a new paradigm in recent years for reducing network congestion and offering real-time IoT applications. Processing the large amount of data generated by such IoT devices requires the development of a scalable edge computing environment. Accordingly, applications deployed in an edge computing environment need to be scalable enough to handle the enormous amount of data generated by IoT devices. The performance of MSA and monolithic architecture is analyzed and compared to develop a scalable edge computing environment. An auto-scaling approach is described to handle multiple concurrent requests at runtime. Minikube is used to perform auto-scaling operation of containerized microservices on resource constraint edge node. Considering performance of both the architecture and according to the results and discussions, MSA is a better choice for building scalable edge computing environment.
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Song, Pingping, and Cheng Ma. "System Design of Integrated Intelligent Platform of National Fitness Based on K-Means Clustering." Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience 2022 (September 10, 2022): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/2171553.
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Voice communication is the most common, direct, and effective method of information exchange between humans. Dependent speech signal processing will inevitably become an important carrier for the interaction between people and the interaction between people and computers. With the development of science and technology, data mining has become a means for users to extract effective information from a large amount of data, and many branches have been derived. Among them, K-means clustering algorithm is used as a classic clustering analysis algorithm. It is fast and simple, and it is also affected by the randomness of the initial center selection and the interference of outliers, which may cause poor clustering, but even if the above problems exist, it does not affect its wide application in various industries. This paper applies HBase storage technology and microservice framework to the fitness system and implements a national fitness system based on HBase and microservices. The system uses HBase to store fitness information, venue opening, and usage information for national fitness people; simulation results show that the accuracy rate on the data set has an obvious improvement. A fitness system that combines massive data storage and microservice architecture can improve the utilization of fitness resources, solve the problem of fitness resources, improve professional fitness levels, and provide support for the masses who regularly exercise scientifically.
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Plecinski, Piotr, Nataliia Bokla, Tamara Klymkovych, Mykhailo Melnyk, and Wojciech Zabierowski. "Comparison of Representative Microservices Technologies in Terms of Performance for Use for Projects Based on Sensor Networks." Sensors 22, no. 20 (October 13, 2022): 7759. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22207759.
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Reading and analyzing data from sensors are crucial in many areas of life. IoT concepts and related issues are becoming more and more popular, but before we can process data and draw conclusions, we need to think about how to design an application. The most popular solutions today are microservices and monolithic architecture. In addition to this choice, there is also the question of the technology in which you will work. There are more and more of them on the market and in each of them it is practically possible to achieve similar results, but the difference lies in how quickly it will be possible and whether the approach invented will turn out to be the most optimal. Making the right decisions at the beginning of application development can determine its path to success or failure. The main goal of this article was to compare technologies used in applications based on microservice architecture. The preparation of a book lending system, whose server part was implemented in three different versions, each using a different type of technology, helped to achieve this goal. The compared solutions were: Spring Boot, Micronaut and Quarkus. The reason for this research was to investigate projects using sensor networks, ranging from telemedicine applications to extensive sensor networks collecting scientific data, or working in an environment with limited resources, e.g., with BLE or WIFI transmitters, where it is critical to supply energy to these transmitters. Therefore, the issue of efficiency and hence energy savings may be a key issue depending on the selected programming technology.
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Miao, Kehua, Jie Li, Wenxing Hong, and Mingtao Chen. "A Microservice-Based Big Data Analysis Platform for Online Educational Applications." Scientific Programming 2020 (June 3, 2020): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/6929750.
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The booming development of data science and big data technology stacks has inspired continuous iterative updates of data science research or working methods. At present, the granularity of the labor division between data science and big data is more refined. Traditional work methods, from work infrastructure environment construction to data modelling and analysis of working methods, will greatly delay work and research efficiency. In this paper, we focus on the purpose of the current friendly collaboration of the data science team to build data science and big data analysis application platform based on microservices architecture for education or nonprofessional research field. In the environment based on microservices that facilitates updating the components of each component, the platform has a personal code experiment environment that integrates JupyterHub based on Spark and HDFS for multiuser use and a visualized modelling tools which follow the modular design of data science engineering based on Greenplum in-database analysis. The entire web service system is developed based on spring boot.
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Trilles, Sergio, Alberto González-Pérez, and Joaquín Huerta. "An IoT Platform Based on Microservices and Serverless Paradigms for Smart Farming Purposes." Sensors 20, no. 8 (April 24, 2020): 2418. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20082418.
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Nowadays, the concept of “Everything is connected to Everything” has spread to reach increasingly diverse scenarios, due to the benefits of constantly being able to know, in real-time, the status of your factory, your city, your health or your smallholding. This wide variety of scenarios creates different challenges such as the heterogeneity of IoT devices, support for large numbers of connected devices, reliable and safe systems, energy efficiency and the possibility of using this system by third-parties in other scenarios. A transversal middleware in all IoT solutions is called an IoT platform. the IoT platform is a piece of software that works like a kind of “glue” to combine platforms and orchestrate capabilities that connect devices, users and applications/services in a “cyber-physical” world. In this way, the IoT platform can help solve the challenges listed above. This paper proposes an IoT agnostic architecture, highlighting the role of the IoT platform, within a broader ecosystem of interconnected tools, aiming at increasing scalability, stability, interoperability and reusability. For that purpose, different paradigms of computing will be used, such as microservices architecture and serverless computing. Additionally, a technological proposal of the architecture, called SEnviro Connect, is presented. This proposal is validated in the IoT scenario of smart farming, where five IoT devices (SEnviro nodes) have been deployed to improve wine production. A comprehensive performance evaluation is carried out to guarantee a scalable and stable platform.
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Zhang, Jinnan, Changqi Lu, Gang Cheng, Teng Guo, Jian Kang, Xia Zhang, Xueguang Yuan, and Xin Yan. "A Blockchain-Based Trusted Edge Platform in Edge Computing Environment." Sensors 21, no. 6 (March 18, 2021): 2126. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21062126.
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Edge computing is a product of the evolution of IoT and the development of cloud computing technology, providing computing, storage, network, and other infrastructure close to users. Compared with the centralized deployment model of traditional cloud computing, edge computing solves the problems of extended communication time and high convergence traffic, providing better support for low latency and high bandwidth services. With the increasing amount of data generated by users and devices in IoT, security and privacy issues in the edge computing environment have become concerns. Blockchain, a security technology developed rapidly in recent years, has been adopted by many industries, such as finance and insurance. With the edge computing capability, deploying blockchain platforms/applications on edge computing platforms can provide security services for network edge environments. Although there are already solutions for integrating edge computing with blockchain in many IoT application scenarios, they slightly lack scalability, portability, and heterogeneous data processing. In this paper, we propose a trusted edge platform to integrate the edge computing framework and blockchain network for building an edge security environment. The proposed platform aims to preserve the data privacy of the edge computing client. The design based on the microservice architecture makes the platform lighter. To improve the portability of the platform, we introduce the Edgex Foundry framework and design an edge application module on the platform to improve the business capability of Edgex. Simultaneously, we designed a series of well-defined security authentication microservices. These microservices use the Hyperledger Fabric blockchain network to build a reliable security mechanism in the edge environment. Finally, we build an edge computing network using different hardware devices and deploy the trusted edge platform on multiple network nodes. The usability of the proposed platform is demonstrated by testing the round-trip time (RTT) of several important workflows. The experimental results demonstrate that the platform can meet the availability requirements in real-world usage scenarios.
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Chen, Chen, Changqing Dong, Jianjun Cai, and Qiang Ding. "Design and Implementation of Software Architecture for Automotive Green Supply Chain Based on Microservices." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1314 (October 2019): 012096. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1314/1/012096.
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Ding, Hongyu, Qingqiang Meng, Lihua Sun, Ming Liu, Xu Chen, Chang Liu, and Duanjie Leng. "Design and Implementation of Microservice Secure Communication Framework based on National Secret Algorithm and Dynamic Key." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2384, no. 1 (December 1, 2022): 012048. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2384/1/012048.
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Abstract With the acceleration of the pace of the national electricity reform and the wide application of the micro-service architecture, various network threats in the field of information security are increasing, and the power industry has become the “hardest hit area” for cyber attacks. In order to improve the safe implementation of the National Power Grid’s electronic projects and effectively resist the “malicious exploration” of various network threats, this paper proposes a microservice secure communication framework based on the combination of dynamic keys and national secret algorithms for a high concurrency web system based on microservices. The framework uses the national secret SM2 algorithm to generate session-level paired keys and then generates a digital signature through the SM3 algorithm, which effectively guarantees the integrity of the communication. Finally, it extracts the encryption key and encryption offset from the paired keys and uses the SM4 algorithm to encrypt the original request text payload. Timestamps and random numbers are added to each request to prevent tampering and replay attacks effectively. The system framework has been practically applied on the State Grid’s digital capability open platform, which ensures the security of micro-service communication and the safety and efficient transmission of data.
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Liu, Yu, Junge Huang, and Ningqi Lu. "Research on Environmental Monitoring System Based on Microservices and Data Mining." E3S Web of Conferences 143 (2020): 02031. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202014302031.
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The monitoring systems of various industries have various types and different structures. There are problems of “data chimney” and “information islands”[1]. Monitoring data is difficult to be effectively utilized and cannot provide reliable data information to support for environmental security[2]. In this end, an environment monitoring system based on micro-service architecture is designed. The information management and automatic monitoring business systems are unified into a flexible, robust and efficient system platform to adapt to the big data analysis and the mining applications. Using Hadoop to build environment monitoring big data platform, distributed storage, selective extraction and efficient calculation of the massive environment monitoring data can be achieved. By integrating the detection and monitoring data of the ecological environment and in-depth mining it, a neural network model is established to automatically identify potential safety hazards and recommend corresponding treatment measures, so to assist in the comprehensive research and scientific decision-making of environmental safety and promote intelligent management of safety.
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Yan, Lei, Suzhi Cao, Yongsheng Gong, Hao Han, Junyong Wei, Yi Zhao, and Shuling Yang. "SatEC: A 5G Satellite Edge Computing Framework Based on Microservice Architecture." Sensors 19, no. 4 (February 18, 2019): 831. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19040831.
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As outlined in the 3Gpp Release 16, 5G satellite access is important for 5G network development in the future. A terrestrial-satellite network integrated with 5G has the characteristics of low delay, high bandwidth, and ubiquitous coverage. A few researchers have proposed integrated schemes for such a network; however, these schemes do not consider the possibility of achieving optimization of the delay characteristic by changing the computing mode of the 5G satellite network. We propose a 5G satellite edge computing framework (5GsatEC), which aims to reduce delay and expand network coverage. This framework consists of embedded hardware platforms and edge computing microservices in satellites. To increase the flexibility of the framework in complex scenarios, we unify the resource management of the central processing unit (CPU), graphics processing unit (GPU), and field-programmable gate array (FPGA); we divide the services into three types: system services, basic services, and user services. In order to verify the performance of the framework, we carried out a series of experiments. The results show that 5GsatEC has a broader coverage than the ground 5G network. The results also show that 5GsatEC has lower delay, a lower packet loss rate, and lower bandwidth consumption than the 5G satellite network.
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Rasheedh, Mr J. Abdul, and Dr Saradha S. "Design and Development of Resilient Microservices Architecture for Cloud Based Applications using Hybrid Design Patterns." Indian Journal of Computer Science and Engineering 13, no. 2 (April 20, 2022): 365–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.21817/indjcse/2022/v13i2/221302067.
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Zeiner, Herwig, Michael Goller, Víctor Juan Expósito Jiménez, Florian Salmhofer, and Werner Haas. "SeCoS: Web of Things platform based on a microservices architecture and support of time-awareness." e & i Elektrotechnik und Informationstechnik 133, no. 3 (May 10, 2016): 158–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00502-016-0404-z.
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Hitimana, Eric, Gaurav Bajpai, Richard Musabe, Louis Sibomana, and Kayavizhi Jayavel. "Containerized Architecture Performance Analysis for IoT Framework Based on Enhanced Fire Prevention Case Study: Rwanda." Sensors 22, no. 17 (August 27, 2022): 6462. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22176462.
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Nowadays, building infrastructures are pushed to become smarter in response to desires for the environmental comforts of living. Enhanced safety upgrades have begun taking advantage of new, evolving technologies. Normally, buildings are configured to respond to the safety concerns of the occupants. However, advanced Internet of Things (IoT) techniques, in combination with edge computing with lightweight virtualization technology, is being used to improve users’ comfort in their homes. It improves resource management and service isolation without affecting the deployment of heterogeneous hardware. In this research, a containerized architectural framework for support of multiple concurrent deployed IoT applications for smart buildings was proposed. The prototype developed used sensor networks as well as containerized microservices, centrally featuring the DevOps paradigm. The research proposed an occupant counting algorithm used to check occupants in and out. The proposed framework was tested in different academic buildings for data acquisition over three months. Different deployment architectures were tested to ensure the best cases based on efficiency and resource utilization. The acquired data was used for prediction purposes to aid occupant prediction for safety measures as considered by policymakers.