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1

martin, reinhold. "Architecture at war." Angelaki 9, no. 2 (2004): 217–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0969725042000272843.

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Stenslie, Stahl, and Magne Wiggen. "Preemptive Architecture: Explosive Art and Future Architectures in Cursed Urban Zones." AM Journal of Art and Media Studies, no. 12 (April 15, 2017): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.25038/am.v0i12.165.

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This article describes the art and architectural research project Preemptive Architecture that uses artistic strategies and approaches to create bomb-ready architectural structures that act as instruments for the undoing of violence in war. Increasing environmental usability through destruction represents an inverse strategy that reverses common thinking patterns about warfare, art and architecture. Building structures predestined for a construc­tive destruction becomes a creative act. One of the main motivations behind this paper is to challenge and expand the material thinking as well as the
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Colomina, Beatriz. "War on Architecture: E.1027." Assemblage, no. 20 (April 1993): 28. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3181684.

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Lozanovska, Mirjana, Vladimir Kulić, Alicja Gzowska, et al. "Forum: Cold War Architecture Historiography." Fabrications 31, no. 2 (2021): 279–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10331867.2021.1938816.

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Anderson, Richard. "USA/USSR: Architecture and War." Grey Room 34 (January 2009): 80–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/grey.2009.1.34.80.

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Cho, Hyunjung, and Chunghoon Shin. "Metabolism and Cold War architecture." Journal of Architecture 19, no. 5 (2014): 623–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13602365.2014.965186.

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7

Niroumand, Hamed, M. F. M. Zain, and Maslina Jamil. "Modern Architecture in the 21st Century." Advanced Materials Research 457-458 (January 2012): 403–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.457-458.403.

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This paper presents the modern architecture in the current century. Modern architecture is a new architectural style that emerged in many countries in the decade after World War I. It was based on the “rational” use of modern materials, the principles of functionalist planning, and the rejection of historical precedent and ornament. Modern architecture was adopted by many influential architects and an architectural educator, gained popularity after the Second World War, and continues as a dominant architectural style for institutional and corporate buildings in the 21st century. According to t
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Slepukhin, Victor V. "Soviet Architecture of the 1930-1950s." Scientific and analytical journal Burganov House. The space of culture 18, no. 1 (2022): 37–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.36340/2071-6818-2022-18-1-37-52.

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The article is devoted to the Stalinist Empire style, a unique phenomenon in the architecture of the Soviet period. The author defines its place among such architectural styles and movements as Art Nouveau, Rationalism and Constructivism, as well as among foreign architectural movements of the middle of the 20th century. In aesthetic essence, the Stalinist Empire style was closely associated with Imperial Classicism. It was called upon to perform the functions of glorifying the power of the new young state. Stylistically, it inherited the Baroque, Napoleonic Empire style, late Classicism, Art
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Holland, Jessica, and Iain Jackson. "A Monument to Humanism: Pilkington Brothers’ Headquarters (1955–65) by Fry, Drew and Partners." Architectural History 56 (2013): 343–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0066622x00002537.

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The architect Maxwell Fry (1899–1987) is widely recognized as one of the key protagonists in the development of Modernist architecture in Britain. Discussion of this role perhaps inevitably tends to focus on Fry's early involvement in the Modern Architectural Research (MARS) Group and his inter-war work, particularly his prestigious partnership with the Bauhaus-founder Walter Gropius. Post-war, emphasis shifts to Fry's advancement of ‘Tropical Architecture’ in former British colonies with his wife and partner, the architect Jane Drew (1911–96). Despite a string of important commissions on home
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Linda, Svitlana. "Lviv school of architecture representatives in the inter-war period and their significance for architectural education at the silesian university of technology after 1945." BUILDER 304, no. 11 (2022): 26–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0016.0573.

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The article is devoted to the specifics of the functioning of the Lviv School of Architecture in the interwar period, as well as the activities of professors-architects of the Lviv Polytechnic who continued their work at the Faculty of Architecture of the Silesian University of Technology after the Second World War. Their creative works up to 1945 are shown, as well as their significance for the development of architectural education and the post-war reconstruction of Poland.
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Lico, Gerard. "Rising from of the Ashes: post-war Philippines Architecture." Modern Southeast Asia, no. 57 (2017): 46–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.52200/57.a.up2jbxrh.

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The 1945 battle for liberation witnessed the massive decimation of Manila’s urban built-heritage and the irreplaceable treasures of colonial architecture. Despite the seemingly impossible task to resuscitate war ravaged Manila, it rose again. Out of the ashes, modernism provided the opportunity to craft a new architecture for a newly independent nation. Modernism emerged as the period’s architectural symbol of survival and optimism. In a post-colonial cultural milieu, Filipino architects pursued the iconography of national mythology channeled through the pure surfaces and unadorned geometries
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Larson, Julia Diane. "Design and Social Change: An Architectural History of the University of California, Santa Barbara." American Archivist 84, no. 2 (2021): 240–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.17723/0360-9081-84.2.240.

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ABSTRACT The University of California, Santa Barbara (UCSB), campus as it stands today appears as an architectural mash-up of midcentury modern institutional buildings, both low rise and high rise; a smattering of World War II–era wooden buildings; 1970s-style double wide trailers; and new science buildings built by a who's who of internationally famous architects. In this case study, the author shows how the UCSB campus's architectural history mirrors the post–World War II boom in educational facilities throughout California and the social, cultural, and architectural history of the region as
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Pegorin, Elisa, and Luca Eula. "Post-War Modern Architecture in Tunisia." Louis I. Kahn – The Permanence, no. 58 (2018): 74–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.52200/58.a.3s7gvgoz.

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At the end of the spring of 1943, the German forces were finally defeated in Northern Tunisia and had to leave the country. This allowed the French protectorate to take power and in the years that followed, thanks to massive American economic aid, undertake a very important project of architectural construction and reconstruction. All of Tunisia was involved but the four main cities (Tunis, Bizerte, Sousse and Sfax), whose populations were expanding, saw entire parts of themselves reconstructed. Today, a unique experience of modernity still remains in the tissue of all these cities, but with b
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14

Smith, Jonny. "‘Something like the truth’: Confronting the Honesty of Brutalism and Post-War Planning in The Offence." Journal of British Cinema and Television 20, no. 1 (2023): 46–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/jbctv.2023.0656.

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This article explores the 1973 thriller The Offence in relation to its representation and utilisation of post-war urban planning and modernist architecture, with particular reference to brutalism and new towns. It considers the film to be at a seminal intersection between British cinema and post-war modernism, building on and ultimately eclipsing Get Carter and A Clockwork Orange which have received much of the critical attention in this specialised discourse. While the film is ostensibly a character study of a troubled policeman, Detective Sergeant Johnson, I argue that The Offence’s engageme
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Zejnilovic, Emina, and Erna Husukic. "Culture and Architecture in Distress - Sarajevo Experiment." International Journal of Architectural Research: ArchNet-IJAR 12, no. 1 (2018): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.26687/archnet-ijar.v12i1.1289.

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This paper attempts to discuss the reciprocal connection between culture and architecture as a social product. In doing so, the paper intends to critically engage with the theme of ‘culture’, its impact on residential developments, and its character in the process of recuperation of post-war society in Sarajevo. The development of residential architecture is followed through the four historical periods that had the greatest impact on its formation. Setting the scene to better understand the current built design challenges, post-war, post-socialist culture and architecture are analysed through
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Halliday, Jessica. "Who was H Courtney Archer?" Architectural History Aotearoa 5 (October 31, 2008): 55–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.26686/aha.v5i0.6765.

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Harry Courtney Archer's (1918-2002) article on architecture in New Zealand published in The Architectural Review in 1942 is recognised as part of the rich collection of publications that shaped the discourse about Modern architecture in this country (Clark & Walker 2000). On the face of it, Archer was an unlikely contributor to the discussion on New Zealand's architecture and proselytiser for Modernism: he had lived most of his 23 years to date in small rural towns, before the war, working in his father's flour mill in Rangiora and during the war moving between pacifist rural communities i
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Dainese, Elisa. "Histories of Exchange." Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians 74, no. 4 (2015): 443–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/jsah.2015.74.4.443.

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During World War II, interest in indigenous South African architecture deepened, leading to studies that challenged modernism and influenced architectural design. Histories of Exchange: Indigenous South Africa in the South African Architectural Record and the Architectural Review remaps the tension between modern and indigenous cultures during the 1940s and 1950s, examining the diaspora of ideas between South Africa and Britain and revealing a new genealogy of postwar architecture. Elisa Dainese addresses indigenous South African architecture as it was seen in the postwar years from the perspe
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UYSAL BİLGE, Fulay. "IDEOLOGY – ARCHITECTURE RELATIONSHIP: NAZI ARCHITECTURE." INTERNATIONAL REFEREED JOURNAL OF DESIGN AND ARCHITECTURE, no. 25 (2022): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.17365/tmd.2022.turkey.25.05.

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Hitler’s Germany witnessed the most influential political power activities in world history before and during the Second World War. Germany’s collapse both politically and economically in the early 1930s enabled Hitler to take action. This structure, which relied on the new political stance behind it, has ensured its legitimacy and ideology with propaganda works. Nazis used the social power of architecture as a tool to support the new order that they were establishing. Aim: This study aims to investigate the effects on the forming and shaping of the city and the designed buildings, planned acc
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Cohen, Jeffrey A. "Building a Discipline: Early Institutional Settings for Architectural Education in Philadelphia, 1804-1890." Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians 53, no. 2 (1994): 139–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/990890.

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Histories of American architectural education have usually focused on the advent of university departments of architecture shortly after the Civil War, but prior to that there were a number of institutions sponsoring or projecting architectural programs of various sorts that were attended by scores of future architects and builders. In Philadelphia these included schools of architectural drawing, lecture series on architecture, and schools of architecture in a fuller sense. Among the most prominent figures involved as instructors, lecturers, organizers, or students were Owen Biddle, William St
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SHAW, GRAHAM. "THE DESTRUCTION OF MEMORY; ARCHITECTURE AT WAR." Art Book 14, no. 1 (2007): 57–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8357.2007.00780_1.x.

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Worpole, Ken. "The destruction of memory: Architecture at war." Mortality 13, no. 1 (2008): 84–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13576270701783041.

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22

Martin, Reinhold. "The Last War: Architecture and Postmodernism, Again." New German Critique 33, no. 3 (2006): 63–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/0094033x-2006-011.

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23

Mancini, J. M. "Disrupting the transpacific: objects, architecture, war, panic." Colonial Latin American Review 25, no. 1 (2016): 35–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10609164.2016.1180781.

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Brukštutė, Grėtė. "An Assessment of Architectural Stylistics and Functional Spatial Structure of Interwar Lithuanian Schools in the Global Context." Architecture and Urban Planning 14, no. 1 (2018): 20–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/aup-2018-0003.

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Abstract The article analyses and compares general education and specialised schools built in Lithuania, Europe and the USA during inter-war years. The main problem analysed in the article is the correspondence between the architectural stylistics and functional spatial structure of interwar Lithuanian school buildings with the same typology buildings in the regional context. The aim of the article is to assess the essence of changes of architectural stylistics and functional spatial structure, what caused these changes. Interwar architecture in Lithuania has many of the main trends of the glo
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Satter, Todd Jerome. "James Stirling's Architecture and the Post-War Crisis of Movement." Deleuze Studies 6, no. 1 (2012): 55–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/dls.2012.0046.

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Deleuze's cinema project identifies a crisis of movement, action and thought, established initially in the war-devastated spaces of neo-realist cinema. Indirectly these spaces subordinate architecture as the locus of crisis, which only new, temporal artistic practices can avert. However, an architectural model of the smooth and striated, revealing a sophisticated interplay of the two concepts, can reinstall design practice and the intentional built environment as part of a productive and affirmative image of thought. The designs of James Stirling, whose career unfolds alongside significant dev
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26

Leslie, Stuart W. "Cold War Suburbs." Southern California Quarterly 102, no. 1 (2020): 24–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/scq.2020.102.1.24.

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At the height of the Cold War, in both the US and the Soviet Union, top technical talent was ensconced in state-of-the-art laboratories set among new suburbs with cultural amenities. In Orange County, California, defense research labs were enticed by capitalist strategies; in the USSR, by government command. In both, the new white-collar suburbs made moves to the new centers attractive. The architecture of the housing as well as of the research labs reveals the faith in technology, shifting to a bunker mentality in the Vietnam era. In the USSR, research institutes were set far from city center
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Ratkovic, Marija. "Testimony in stone: architecture of war from kluge to Herscher and Weizman." Filozofija i drustvo 33, no. 3 (2022): 535–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/fid2203535r.

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The article contributes to creating an outline of the significant postwar theoretical approaches that examine the role, purpose, and significance of architecture in war and war crimes. Starting from the Clausewitz thesis that ?war is not autonomous?, this paper attempts to reveal ?the blood that has dried in the codes? (Foucault), politics hidden behind the four walls of architecture. From the concepts of Brutality in Stone (Kluge), Warchitecture (Herscher) or Forensic Architecture (Weizman), through the lenses of architecture, the article exposes war, politics, and ideologies that shape and d
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Harrington, Selma, Branka Dimitrijević, and Ashraf M. Salama. "MODERNIST ARCHITECTURE, CONFLICT, HERITAGE AND RESILIENCE: THE CASE OF THE HISTORICAL MUSEUM OF BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA." International Journal of Architectural Research: ArchNet-IJAR 11, no. 3 (2017): 178. http://dx.doi.org/10.26687/archnet-ijar.v11i3.1330.

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Bosnia and Herzegovina is one of the successor states of former Yugoslavia, with a history of dramatic conflicts and ruptures. These have left a unique heritage of interchanging prosperity and destruction, in which the built environment and architecture provide a rich evidence of the many complex identity narratives. The public function and architecture of the Historical Museum of Bosnia and Herzegovina, once purposely built to commemorate the national liberation in World War 2, encapsulates the current situation in the country, which is navigating through a complicated period of reconstructio
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Purcar, Cristina. "A Tale of Two Lines: “The Transylvanian” and “The Imperial”: Mapping Territorial Integration through Railway Architecture." Social Science History 45, no. 2 (2021): 317–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ssh.2021.2.

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AbstractWhile states undertook railway construction targeting economic and military objectives, this article questions whether and to which extent their symbolic territorial cohesion was also at stake. The hypothesis we aim to verify is that railway buildings acted as recurrent visual signifiers of territorial coherence and had, therefore, the potential of being instrumental as state-building tools. This research explores how an architectural reading of railway networks can inform our understanding of state-building projects and processes. We expect that geographically scoped railway architect
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Bogdanović, Jelena. "Aleksandar Deroko's work on medieval architecture and its relevance today." SAJ - Serbian Architectural Journal 11, no. 3 (2019): 141–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/saj1901141b.

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Meticulous record of more than 300 medieval structures, extensive fieldwork on numerous archeological sites, more than 100 texts and several critical books on medieval architecture mark professor Aleksandar Deroko's work on preserving medieval architectural heritage in Serbia and the former Yugoslavia. They are all aptly illustrated with his drawings and photographs. Deroko's genuine interest in medieval architecture and its preservation shaped his student days between the two world wars, a period also characterised by a clash between traditionalism and modernism in architecture. Destruction f
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Романова, С. С. "ДІЯЛЬНІСТЬ МАЙСТРІВ АРХІТЕКТУРИ ХАРКОВА ПЕРШОГО ПІСЛЯВОЄННОГО ДЕСЯТИРІЧЧЯ 1945-1955 рр." SCIENTIFIC BULLETIN OF CIVIL ENGINEERING 108, № 2 (2022): 18–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.29295/2311-7257-2022-108-2-18-25.

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The article is devoted to the activities of the architects of the Kharkiv architectural school in the second floor. 40's - mid-1950s of the 20th century. This period largely determined the appearance of modern Ukrainian cities, including Kharkiv Masters of architecture of several generations took part in the restoration of war-damaged buildings, in the reconstruction, design and construction of buildings in Kharkiv, making a huge contribution to the creation of a distinct architectural face of the city. The article contains specific examples of the authorship of "iconic" buildings, which appea
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Ptichnikova, G. A., and A. V. Antyufeev. "War memorial architecture: Rossoshki military memorial cemetery, Russia." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 962 (November 18, 2020): 032048. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/962/3/032048.

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Brott, Simone. "ARCHITECTURE AS MEDIA AND THE WAR OF PRESENCE." Architectural Theory Review 4, no. 1 (1999): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13264829909478355.

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Witty, David M. "The Destruction of Memory: Architecture at War (review)." Journal of Military History 71, no. 1 (2007): 294. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/jmh.2007.0089.

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Hogben, Paul. "Architecture and Arts and the Mediation of American Architecture in Post-war Australia." Fabrications 22, no. 1 (2012): 30–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10331867.2012.685634.

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Manic, Bozidar, Dragana Vasiljevic-Tomic, and Ana Nikovic. "Contemporary Serbian Orthodox church architecture: Architectural competitions since 1990." Spatium, no. 35 (2016): 10–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/spat1635010m.

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This paper focuses on the architectural competitions for Orthodox Christian churches in Serbia since 1990, both on the analysis of the designs submitted and the competition requirements. The first competition for an Orthodox church in Serbia after World War II was announced for Pristina in 1991. After that, competitions for the temple in Cukarica, Novi Beograd, Nis, Aleksinac and Krusevac were conducted. Thanks to the fact that architectural competitions allow a greater degree of creative freedom to the architects than regular practice, various solutions were offered, from replicas of models f
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Schlachetzki, Sarah M. "Wieder aufbauen nach dem Krieg. Alfred Roth und die in der Schweiz internierten polnischen Architekten." Architectura 49, no. 2 (2019): 222–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/atc-2019-2005.

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Abstract During the Second World War, more than 10,000 Polish soldiers were interned in Switzerland. Among them were prominent architects, including Marek Leykam and Bohdan Garliński, who upon returning to Poland, left their mark on postwar modernism. Leykam was later marginalized for his buildings that were allegedly too International in style. Garliński became one of the key ideologists of Socialist Realism in the First General Exhibition of Architecture of the People’s Republic of Poland. This article is the first to re-trace their years in Switzerland and their contacts with Alfred Roth, C
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Rampley, Matthew. "Modernism and Cultural Politics in Inter-war Austria: The Case of Clemens Holzmeister." Architectural History 64 (2021): 347–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/arh.2021.14.

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ABSTRACTThis article examines the work of the Austrian architect Clemens Holzmeister. A leading representative of Austrian architecture between the wars, and a significant figure in the 1950s and 1960s as teacher of the new generation of Austrian architects including Hans Hollein and Gustav Peichl, Holzmeister presents a perplexing image. In the 1920s, he played an important role in the early architectural projects of Red Vienna, but in the following decade he endorsed the Austrofascist regime of Engelbert Dollfuß and Kurt Schuschnigg of 1934–38. This article argues that his work presents othe
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Dobler, Ralph-Miklas. "Marcello Piacentinis Casa Madre dei Mutilati in Rom." Architectura 49, no. 1 (2019): 94–116. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/atc-2019-1005.

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Abstract The Casa Madre dei Mutilati in Rome is one of the lesser-known works of the architect Marcello Piacentini (1881–1960). Its history is closely linked to the dramatic events of the First World War and to the resulting association of Italian war invalids. The architecture reacts to the self-interpretation of the war invalids as living martyrs and has a meaningful and representative task. In the short period before the consolidation of Mussolini’s fascist regime, a modern style is manifested here, which attempts to combine classicism and avant-garde before the typical abstraction of the t
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Fedorova, Mariia. "War and Hospitals: Why Their Architecture has Changed during the Last Three Centuries." Sotsiologicheskoe Obozrenie / Russian Sociological Review 19, no. 1 (2020): 256–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.17323/1728-192x-2020-1-256-282.

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The article presents the relationships between the architecture of military hospitals and the changes that have taken place in the organization of hostilities, the attitude towards the army and the soldier, as well as the development of medical technologies. The case of military hospitals highlights the way architecture reflects many insights about the importance and value of each functional element in architectural design and facade solutions. Several of the crucial factors determining the change in the architecture of military hospitals were the shift in the ideology of war and the role of t
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Charitonidou, Marianna. "Le Corbusier’s Ineffable Space and Synchronism: From Architecture as Clear Syntax to Architecture as Succession of Events." Arts 11, no. 2 (2022): 48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/arts11020048.

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This article examines Le Corbusier’s architectural design processes, paying special attention to his concept of “ineffable space”. Le Corbusier related “ineffable space” to mathematics, arguing that both mathematics and the phenomenon of “ineffable space” provoke an effect of “concordance”. He also argued that when the establishment of relations is “precise” and “overwhelming”, architectural artefacts are capable of “provoking physiological sensations”. For Le Corbusier, the sentiment of satisfaction and enjoyment that an architectural artefact can provoke is related to a perception of harmony
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Zamarian, Patrick. "William Allen and the ‘scientific Outlook’ in Architectural Education, 1936–66." Architectural History 64 (2021): 379–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/arh.2021.15.

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ABSTRACTModern architects in the inter-war period were enthused by the potential of science and technology to inform their work. The educational dimension of this changing mindset was first recognised and explored at the Bauhaus in Germany, the experiments of which were to inspire the teaching of architecture in schools across Europe and the United States, particularly after the end of the second world war. In the United Kingdom, the quest for a more science-based approach to architectural education had an equally important source in the work of the government’s Building Research Station (BRS)
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Armond, Kate. "Wyndham Lewis and the Parables of Expressionist Architecture." Modernist Cultures 9, no. 2 (2014): 282–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/mod.2014.0087.

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This article examines Wyndham Lewis’ The Caliph's Design alongside German Expressionist architectural design during the years 1918–1920, suggesting Bruno Taut for the role of Lewis’ sought-after ‘single architect with brains’. By analysing the intellectual and ideological context of an architectural project with similar concerns and prejudices it is possible to see Lewis’ post-war pamphlet as an exceptional phase in his writing, in which he teeters on the brink of approving political engagement for the arts and echoes some of the ideas promoted by Germany's Activist programme. These images of
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Salman, Abdullah Saadoon, Anwar Fadhil Hussein, Haidar Adnan Nassif, and Ibrahim Jawad Kadhim. "City architecture after war: a study of the impact of the war event on the architecture of the city of Mosul." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 779, no. 1 (2021): 012046. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/779/1/012046.

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Niroumand, Hamed, M. F. M. Zain, and Maslina Jamil. "Modern Rammed Earth in Earth Architecture." Advanced Materials Research 457-458 (January 2012): 399–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.457-458.399.

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Rammed earth is a technique for building walls using the raw materials of earth, chalk, lime and gravel. Rammed earth is a structural wall system built of natural mineral soils compacted in thin layers within sturdy formwork. People have been using various forms of earth to build structures for centuries. The ancient „rammed earth‟ building technique has been used in Neolithic architecture sites and modern buildings alike. From underground green homes to other futuristic green houses. Modern architecture is a new architectural style that emerged in many countries in the decade after World War
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Binel, Corrado. "Valle d’Aosta. La sfida della continuità / Aosta Valley. The challenge of continuity." Regionalità e produzione architettonica contemporanea nelle Alpi, no. 1 ns, november 2018 (November 15, 2018): 54–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.30682/aa1801f.

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The text traces the history of Aosta Valley architecture from the Second World War to the present day. The first part focuses on the evolution of architecture in the fifties and sixties, on modern architecture and on the international influences in a long phase of great economic growth. In the central part it focuses rather on the regionalist and sometimes folkloristic evolution of the following decades. He then tried to analyse, starting from the 2000s, the profound transformations generated by the economic crisis but also by the extraordinary occupation of land that over the course of about
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Ahn, Chang-Mo. "Influence of American and Japanese Architecture on Building the Post-war Korean Contemporary Architecture." Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society 12, no. 12 (2011): 5974–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.5762/kais.2011.12.12.5974.

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Proctor, Robert. "Churches for a Changing Liturgy: Gillespie, Kidd & Coia and the Second Vatican Council." Architectural History 48 (2005): 291–322. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0066622x00003816.

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The relationship of Modernism in architecture with the symbolic needs of church- building was fraught with the dangers of betrayal: whether the architect indulged in personal spiritual expression, or used traditional forms, he could be accused of stylistic excess; if he applied a reductive functionalism, the result could be faulted as failing the brief. After the Second World War, expression and tradition were gradually admitted into Modernism to expand and enrich its vocabulary, and the limits of functionalism were reassessed. Churches were a field in which architects of the Modern Movement c
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Niebrzydowski, Wojciech. "The Impact of Avant-Garde Art on Brutalist Architecture." Buildings 11, no. 7 (2021): 290. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings11070290.

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Brutalism was an architectural trend that emerged after World War II, and in the 1960s and 1970s, it spread throughout the world. The development of brutalist architecture was greatly influenced by post-war avant-garde art. The greatest impact on brutalism was exerted by such avant-garde trends as art autre, art brut, and musique concrète. Architects were most inspired by the works of such artists as Jackson Pollock, Jean Dubuffet, Pierre Schaeffer, Eduardo Paolozzi, and Nigel Henderson. The main aim of the research was to identify and characterize the most important ideas and principles commo
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Trenin, Dmitri. "How to Bury the Cold War." Current History 109, no. 729 (2010): 308–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/curh.2010.109.729.308.

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