Dissertations / Theses: 'Architecture Buildings Image analysis'

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Hesami, Reyhaneh. "Large-scale range data acquisition and segmentation." Swinburne Research Bank, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1959.3/66878.

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Thesis (PhD) - Swinburne University of Technology, Faculty of Engineering and Industrial Sciences, 2009.
A thesis submitted in total fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, Faculty of Engineering and Industrial Sciences, Swinburne University of Technology, 2009. Typescript. Bibliography: p. 144-165.

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Chang, Ji-in. "Image, Incorporated : a study of securities buildings in Seoul, Korea." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/65030.

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Thesis (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Architecture, 1992.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 70-74).
This study deals with the images of corporate high-rises in Seoul, Korea, the main city of a rapidly growing industrial nation. The questions explored concern mainly the images of office high-rises. Five multi-story headquarters of securities companies were selected specifically to analyze this aspect. By interviewing the architects and managers of the respective companies, the thesis identifies the assumptions behind the designs in an effort to isolate and highlight the underlying meanings for the buildings. Drawing upon the transcripts of the ten interviews, the study attempts to analyze the following: What are the most powerful underlying images and how do these serve the corporations? Do the interviewees help clarify a useful set of criteria for identifying demands on corporate architecture more generally? Is there some single standard or common underlying ideal in high-rise office design? Given the international nature of the modem business world, is there a viable alternative to architectural conformity to First World trends? In addition, this thesis may clarify the process of choosing the image, identify the influential actors in the process, and show the degree of reliance on images originating from the United States. The variables of image used in this thesis are as follows: Image of Economic Success: Clients judge firms by the buildings they inhabit in terms of economic growth, social status, and financial credibility. The firms in tum use their buildings to store up public goodwill by projecting a positive image of themselves. Image of Visual Distinction: Recognizing that pre-eminence of skyline affects the market, companies desire high visibility for easy identification. Visual distinction serves as a marketing device and also as a corporate logo. Image of Internationalism: Office towers are thought to be products of the West and therefore not Korean. Although architectural innovation is welcomed, the public may have a negative reaction against a design which seems too reliant on foreign imagery. Image of Commercialism: The proliferation of "designer buildings" indicates that corporate architecture is heavily reliant on two dimensional flow of images. Image of Intelligence: The invisible high-technology content of the buildings becomes part of the image of corporate up-to-dateness in the public conscience. Image Shapers: Although the desire to recover maximum square footage is important, public perception greatly defines the attitudes of architects and clients in deciding the priorities for shaping the image projected by their building. The conclusion explores the question of identity, and whether the findings of this thesis can be used to develop a viable Korean corporate architecture as an alternative to First World trends.
by Ji-in Chang.
M.S.

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Rabun, J. S. "Structural analysis of historic American buildings." Thesis, University of York, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.297311.

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Wilbur, Alex C. "Contemporary Image in Urban Blight: Over the Rhine Flatiron Buildings." Cincinnati, Ohio : University of Cincinnati, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view.cgi?acc_num=ucin1212170058.

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Thesis (Master of Architecture)--University of Cincinnati, 2008.
Advisor: Elizabeth Riorden. Title from electronic thesis title page (viewed Feb. 19, 2010). Includes abstract. Keywords: Over the Rhine; image; urban; Cincinnati. Includes bibliographic references.

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Whiting, Emily Jing Wei. "Design of structurally-sound masonry buildings using 3D static analysis." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/70102.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Architecture, 2012.
This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Cataloged from student-submitted PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 95-100).
In the design of buildings, structural analysis is traditionally performed after the aesthetic design has been determined and has little in uence on the overall form. This thesis presents methods to integrate architectural design and structural analysis. While existing tools focus on providing an analysis of the stress state, the proposed methods focus on geometry and equilibrium to obtain forms that are more structurally sound. The feasibility of masonry structures is modeled using a novel penalty formulation, assuming a rigid-block behavior of masonry. Two methods were developed that apply this model of feasibility to structural optimization. In the first approach, structural feasibility is introduced into procedural modeling of buildings. A set of designated free parameters are automatically tuned to achieve structural feasibility constraints. It is demonstrated how this allows for more realistic structural models that can be interacted with in physical simulations. In the second approach, a closed form derivation of structural gradients is presented that measures the change in stability of a building with respect to geometry modifications. The method computes the gradient of structural feasibility constraints, parameterized by vertex modifications. The gradients are visualized as interaction tools, giving user-guidance for effectively modifying a structural design. User-controlled constraints, formulated as penalty functions, are incorporated so that the user can explore variations of structurally feasible designs.
by Emily Jing Wei Whiting.
Ph.D.

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Olasov, Benjamin. "A model for deisgn and analysis of systems built buildings." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/69278.

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Law, Joyce Hor Yan. "Towards bioclimatic high-rise buildings : is a bioclimatic design approach appropriate for improving environmental performance of high-rise buildings? /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2005. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe18966.pdf.

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Gokhale, Medha. "Questioning the envelope concept : thermal simulation for urban and suburban built environments /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2002. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe16814.pdf.

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Markhede, Henrik. "Spatial positioning : method development for spatial analysis of interaction in buildings." Licentiate thesis, KTH, Arkitektur, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-25877.

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In offices, knowledge sharing largely depends on everyday face-to-face interaction patterns. These interaction patterns may depend on how employees move through the office space. This thesis explores how these spatial relations influence individual choices with respect to employee movements or routes. Space syntax related research has shown a strong relationship between spatial configuration and pedestrian movement in cities, yet field of space syntax has not applied spatial analysis to the office environment. Although several many space syntax researchers have suggested a connection between spatial configuration of offices and movement patterns of employees, no studies have developed methods to address this issue specifically. Our initial results suggest that organizational borders sometimes work as well as walls regarding movement related to face-to-face interaction in offices. This has led us to perform analysis using occupied spatial positions as a complement to the regular space syntax analysis. Using spatial positioning analysis, we incorporate organizational aspects into space syntax analysis and shift focus from analysis of movement to analysis of interaction. Our papers develop both observational methods and software for spatial modelling. We conclude that rational choice theory and actor network theory can provide useful conceptions and models for how to perform spatial analysis of interactions. Future research should focus on software development and new interpretations related to rational choice, actor networks, and symbolic interactionism.
QC 20101103

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Truong, Phan Hue. "Recommendations for the analysis and design of naturally ventilated buildings in urban areas." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/70103.

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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Architecture, 2012.
This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Cataloged from student-submitted PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 119-121).
The motivation behind this work was to obtain a better understanding of how a building's natural ventilation potential is affected by the complexities introduced by the urban environment. To this end, we have derived in detail the physical principles of wind- and buoyancy-driven natural ventilation for a standard apartment geometry, documented and analyzed the existing data on wind pressure coefficients in terms of urban morphological parameters, and examined the ow in the urban boundary layer and how it relates to the boundary layer at the rural site of the meteorological station. The information and understanding that emerged from this research has been assembled into a set of graphical methods and simple guidelines that can be applied by designers to the early design phases of natural ventilation projects in urban areas. These methods can be used to estimate indoor-outdoor temperature differences and air ow rates for several opening geometries. Our hope is for these methods to offer a good overview of how natural ventilation calculations can be applied to urban areas and to help resolve some of the main difficulties that a designer might encounter during this process. While the approach is primarily intended to inform decision-making during the beginning design stages, we imagine that, from applying it, designers will also acquire a more physical and intuitive understanding of how the forces of natural ventilation are altered in progressively denser urban sites and that this could also aid in the interpretation of results at the simulation stage.
by Phan Hue Truong.
S.M.

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Creager, Douglas A. (Douglas Adam) 1979. "A modular architecture for biological microscope image analysis." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/87398.

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Freeman, William Tafel. "Steerable filters and local analysis of image structure." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/66342.

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Zigenfus, Richard E. "Element analysis of the green building process /." Online version of thesis, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1850/8040.

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Rajapaksha, Upendra. "An exploration of courtyards for passive climate control in non-domestic buildings in moderate climates /." St. Lucia, Qld, 2003. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe18013.pdf.

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Kerbyson, Darren James. "A multiple-SIMD architecture for image and tracking analysis." Thesis, University of Warwick, 1992. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/80185/.

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The computational requirements for real-time image based applications are such as to warrant the use of a parallel architecture. Commonly used parallel architectures conform to the classifications of Single Instruction Multiple Data (SIMD), or Multiple Instruction Multiple Data (MIMD). Each class of architecture has its advantages and dis-advantages. For example, SIMD architectures can be used on data-parallel problems, such as the processing of an image. Whereas MIMD architectures are more flexible and better suited to general purpose computing. Both types of processing are typically required for the analysis of the contents of an image. This thesis describes a novel massively parallel heterogeneous architecture, implemented as the Warwick Pyramid Machine. Both SIMD and MIMD processor types are combined within this architecture. Furthermore, the SIMD array is partitioned, into smaller SIMD sub-arrays, forming a Multiple-SIMD array. Thus, local data parallel, global data parallel, and control parallel processing are supported. After describing the present options available in the design of massively parallel machines and the nature of the image analysis problem, the architecture of the Warwick Pyramid Machine is described in some detail. The performance of this architecture is then analysed, both in terms of peak available computational power and in terms of representative applications in image analysis and numerical computation. Two tracking applications are also analysed to show the performance of this architecture. In addition, they illustrate the possible partitioning of applications between the SIMD and MIMD processor arrays. Load-balancing techniques are then described which have the potential to increase the utilisation of the Warwick Pyramid Machine at run-time. These include mapping techniques for image regions across the Multiple-SIMD arrays, and for the compression of sparse data. It is envisaged that these techniques may be found useful in other parallel systems.

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Ingham, Diana L. "Experiencing meaning in two presbyterian churches a qualitative analysis /." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/4242.

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Thesis (M.S.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2005.
The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file viewed on (July 13, 2006) Vita. Includes bibliographical references.

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Rybkowski, Zofia Kristina. "Toward energy sustainability in Hong Kong : a life-cycle cost analysis case study on low thermal energy transfer envelopes for a mid-rise commercial building /." View abstract or full-text, 2004. http://library.ust.hk/cgi/db/thesis.pl?CIVL%202004%20RYBKOW.

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Thesis (M. Phil.)--Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, 2004.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 96-102). Also available in electronic version. Access restricted to campus users.

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Rangsiraksa, Preechaya. "Climatic data and thermal comfort of Bangkok and low energy building design /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2004. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe18563.pdf.

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Hu, ShiPing 1970. "Energy and first costs analysis of displacement and mixing ventilation systems for U.S. buildings and climates." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/67521.

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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Architecture, 1999.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 44-46).
In the past two decades, displacement ventilation has been increasingly used in Scandinavia and Western Europe to improve indoor air quality and to save energy. By using a detailed computer simulation method, this study compared the energy consumption of a displacement ventilation system with that of a mixing ventilation system for three types of U.S. buildings: a small office, a classroom and an industrial workshop. The investigation covers five U.S. climatic regions and three different building zones. The study showed that a displacement ventilation system might use more fan energy and less chiller and boiler energy than a mixing ventilation system. The total energy consumption is slightly less with a displacement ventilation system. The displacement ventilation system requires a larger air-handling unit and a smaller chiller than the mixing ventilation system does. The first costs are lower for displacement ventilation if the system is applied in the core region of a building. In the perimeter zones, the displacement ventilation system needs a separate heating system, and the first costs are slightly higher.
by ShiPing Hu.
S.M.

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Chouinard, Roger. "Morphological analysis of Bloomsbury : an approach to the integration of new buildings into an existing urban context." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.364172.

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Schiller, Craig. "Buildings as teaching tools: a case study analysis to determine best practices that teach environmental sustainability." Research Showcase @ CMU, 2012. http://repository.cmu.edu/theses/56.

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This research is intended to help meet the growing demand for green schools that foster sustainability education by aggregating and cross-analyzing specific pedagogical strategies from buildings currently being used as teaching tools for sustainability. Over 350 specific teaching strategies were collected from 15 of the world’s highest performing academic buildings using Anne Taylor’s theoretical framework for linking architecture with sustainability education. These strategies were collected through interviews, literature reviews, web content, course curriculums, photographs, and site visits. This research also analyzed current educational theory that can be extended to the physical built environment, which was used to qualitatively analyze each pedagogical strategy. To specifically focus the data collection process, 36 of the most important sustainability issues related to the built environment were also compiled for this research and used to organize the teaching strategies. Additionally, four thematic categories (Multisensory, Outreach, Curricular, and Research) were created to organize the strategies based on their different educational goal, method of knowledge transfer, and intended audience. Finally, the 368 teaching strategies were cross-analyzed to determine the most common overall pedagogical strategies currently used. Educators, designers, and facility planners should use the information presented in this paper as a foundation for innovation in educational planning and design innovation. Also, the most common teaching strategies should be considered a benchmark for future buildings that teach. This list is not exhaustive, however, as the potential strategies for utilizing a building as a teaching tool is likely limitless. Therefore, all of the collected teaching strategies (over 350, attached in the Adobe Portfolio) are presented as individual design cards to display the pedagogical possibilities of buildings that teach and to inspire innovating strategies in the future.

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Chan, Man-Him. "Cooling tower performance analysis and visible air plume abatement in buildings situated in temperate climate zone." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2015. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/85583/.

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Visible plume was considered as a nuisance to the public due to health and visual issue especially in urban cities, and so heat coils were installed within cooling tower to carry out visible plume abatement. However, as it would be difficult in building to find heat source and high electricity consumption with heat coil, an alternative approach is required. Prior of developing a visible plume abatement approach, it was essential to identify the formation of visible plume. With this respect, a sophisticated mathematical model, the Poppe Approach was studied and developed a web-based calculator based on the theory. A real size mechanical cooling tower in China was constructed to carry out a validation test and showed to be very accurate and more accurate than the industrial approach, the Merkel Approach. Based on this validated Poppe Approach, an artificial environmental chamber was designed and constructed in China, and tests were conducted to identify the visible plume formation. CFD simulations were conducted to compare with the experimental results to validate the CFD simulation itself. Meanwhile, an alternative visible plume abatement approach was developed, the water shedding approach. The water shedding approach was designed to reduce the hour of visible plume occurrence and also to reduce the severity of visible plume. A building load of a commercial building was used to carry out visible plume abatement evaluation with the water shedding approach. With a Hong Kong climatic data, hours of visible plume would reduce by 38.2% and severity of visible plume was reduced by 40 – 60%. With the validated CFD simulation and the water shedding approach, CFD simulation was conducted in an urban city environment and with cooling tower operating with and without the use of water shedding approach. It was found that CFD simulation results showed that there was a maximum reduction in temperature of 0.33 oC and maximum moisture content of 0.0003 kgDA/kgM. In order to bridge the gap between academic and industry, a web-based platform was created that stored information related to cooling tower, as well as the fast calculators (the Poppe Approach calculator and the visible plume abatement calculator) developed during this research topic. This web-based platform would provide engineer a user friendly tool to carry out evaluation in cooling tower plant design and visible plume abatement evaluation.

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Fore, Elizabeth K. "An analysis regarding energy efficiency in metro Atlanta's private office buildings." Thesis, Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/29663.

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Thesis (M. S.)--Building Construction, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2009.
Committee Chair: Kathy Roper; Committee Member: Daniel Castro-Lacouture; Committee Member: Linda Thomas-Mobley. Part of the SMARTech Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Collection.

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Rudko, David D. "Logistical analysis of the littoral combat ship." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2003. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion-image/03Mar%5FRudko.pdf.

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Thesis (M.S. in Operations Research.)--Naval Postgraduate School, March 2003.
Thesis advisor(s): David A. Schrady, Kevin J. Maher. Includes bibliographical references (p. 71-74). Also available online.

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Davaki, Maria. "Analysis of energy use in typical Greek residential buildings and proposed retrofit strategies." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/44922.

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In each country, the concept of housing exists in relationship between the ways people live, the local climate, the social and political factors that affect the evolution of architecture and the actual structure of the house. The economic developments of the countries and the political situations and regulations have all affected the rise of the residential market. In Greece, where the majority of the residential buildings were constructed between 1960 and 1990, residential buildings represent an important sector in the energy consumption and economic growth of the country. Global warming and changes in the climate system has an important impact in building stock. The European Union is concerned about the scale of the consequences and has encouraged energy efficiency in buildings by mandating the Energy Performance Building Directive for all European countries [1]. In my opinion, it is the responsibility of the architect to address the impact of existing residential buildings by retrofitting solutions with the aim of reducing the energy consumption and eventually improving the quality of life. Architects, in collaboration with energy experts, can work properly to provide effective solutions. With the guidance of the new directive, along with their personal knowledge and experience in energy efficiency they can help bring about increased energy building performance. In order to demonstrate how architects can implement such an energy retrofit plan, this thesis presents a short description of residential buildings constructed between 60's - 80'by presenting a typical building representing the current state of the Greek building stock, and by studying its energy consumption. An energy performance simulation of the building with different energy simulation software considers different scenarios and describes a way to reduce energy demand and increase comfort in these buildings. The primary software tools used in the study was TEE KENAK, developed by the Greek chamber in accordance with the European energy rating tools for the implementation of the Energy Performance Building Directive. Additional software tools, including ECOtect, and the "Energy Performance Calculator", developed by the department of High Performance Buildings at the Georgia Institute of Technology in order to verify the information provided by the actual energy bills and the TEE KENAK. The results presented in this study estimate the building retrofit and energy saving, making appropriate decisions in terms of energy conservation and improvement in the existing residential building considering energy cost savings, payback from retrofit investments, along with architectural design considerations.

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Taylor, David J. A. "The forts on Hadrian's Wall : a comparative analysis of the form and construction of some buildings /." Oxford : Archaeopress, 2000. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb40210769x.

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Plante, Jacques. "The problem of designing facades within an industrialized building system : a technical analysis for criticising and evaluating contemporary buildings." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/78792.

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Thesis (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Architecture, 1985.
MICROFICHE COPY AVAILABLE IN ARCHIVES AND ROTCH.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 246-254).
Designing facades is one of the most important and delicate problems in contemporary architecture. The facade is the changing zone par excelience within which the structural elements of technology meld into refined details of art and together constitute Architecture. The facade is also an interface. or link, between two faces 1 and phases: the facade reflects the evolution of the plan for the private interior side. and is also the expression of the plan on the public exterior side. Very strong tensions. defined spatially. temporally, and architecturally are generated and constantly renewed by interior and exterior forces. Resolving these forces architecturally and artistically through building systems design. modern technology. and a vocabulary meaningful to users is tremendously problematic in the evaluation and critic of three case studies. This will be the subject of this thesis. in which the aspect of repetition in facades will be a dominant aspect.
by Jacques Plante.
M.S.

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Ozmen, Cengiz. "A Comparative Structural And Architectural Analysis Of Earthquake Resistant Design Principles Applied In Reinforced Concrete Residential Buildings In Turkey." Phd thesis, METU, 2008. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12609530/index.pdf.

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The aim of this thesis is to demonstrate that it is possible to design earthquake resistant residential structures without significant compromises in the spatial quality and economic viability of the building. The specific type of structural system that this thesis focuses on is the reinforced concrete skeleton system. The parametric examples and key studies that are used in this research are chosen among applied projects in the city of Bolu. This city is chosen due to its location on the North Anatolian Fault and its destructive seismic history. The structural validity of the hypothesis was demonstrated through an analytical process during which a set of 7 models were tested. 5 of these were designed as idealized parametric models and 2 of them were based on actual buildings destroyed in earthquakes. The architectural validity of the hypothesis was demonstrated on a set of 3 architectural projects. Projects were subjected to a comparative evaluation between their original states and the modified seismically resistant versions. The architectural comparison between earthquake resistant and non-resistant states was made on a planimetric basis. Comparison parameters were: floor area
size, location and number of rooms
and access to view. The feasibility of seismically resistant reinforced concrete residential buildings was demonstrated through an approximate cost analysis which has proven that designing earthquake resistant structures only resulted in an acceptable 4-8 percent rise in the overall building cost.

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Kösebay, Yonca 1972. "An interpretive analysis of Matrakçı Nasuh's Beyan-ı Menazil : translating text into image by Yonca Kösebay." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/67739.

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Thesis (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Architecture, 1998.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 153-160).
Beyan-ı Menazil (1537) is one of the most distinguished illustrated manuscripts of Ottoman art. It marks the transition from an exclusive textual historiography to one which includes illustrations. It contains 109 folios containing over 130 illustrations connected with Sultan Siileyman's campaign of 1533-1535 against the Safavids. This paper investigates the use of visual conventions in the illustrations. Conventions such as multiple views and connecting element? are used to indicate the itinerary and construct a narrative. Thus the illustrations of Beyan-ı Menazil is a second text. Furthermore, the illustrations themselves use conventions as representation types. These representation types and their variations are, in all probability, a transfiguration of actual field notes. Thus the illustrations of Beyan-ı Menazil are themselves the translation of text into image. The field notes and other elements also exhibit that the use of types is not merely a representational device; it in all probability extended into the actual survey - it was the very mode of observation. The use of representation types and its variations also not only allows specific correspondence with the actual buildings, but raises also the possibility of various observers, and artists involved in the production of the manuscript. Close scrutiny of the use of perspective raises the possibility that there were more than one artist; and probably an atelier involved, in the production of Beyan-ı Menazil. By demonstrating the use of representational types, and the translation of texts (such as field notes) into images, this paper offers a new insight into Beyan-ı Menazil.
M.S.

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Sousa, Ramírez Gustavo Alfonso. "Analysis of strategies to decarbonise the UK housing stock." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2017. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/47390/.

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The purpose of this Thesis is to revise the adoption of strategies for both new and existing housing towards the reduction of carbon emissions associated to energy demand, particularly by identifying promising technical improvements, as well as by capturing potential incentives to adopt these improvements. The case of housing is particularly interesting because although it is straightforward to categorise each building, perhaps by its physical properties, it can be considered unique because of the quasi-random behaviour of their occupants which can be determined as collective (e.g. peer pressure influencing the installation of solar panels), circumstantial (e.g. local incentives or sales in efficient devices), biological (e.g. occupants needs according to age and health conditions), or cultural (e.g. habits and patterns). It is also interesting because domestic buildings—or dwellings—represent a starting point in which our decisions to improve energy demand are taken, specially because these are biased by the exercise of rights and privileges, which do not necessarily comply with inhabitant’s comfort and satisfaction. The Thesis describes the development of an open-source platform for energy simulation, and its subsequent application in the development and testing of strategies to reduce energy demand in dwellings. The platform summarises the steps taken for its systematic development, which consist of the optimisation of a database to generate archetypes, the conformation of richer archetypes with more useful variables, the generation of volumetric archetypes, the dynamic simulation of archetypes and, finally, the systematic evaluation of results. Under this protocol, the foundations for developing scenarios are established in this work. This Thesis summarises the relevant elements that must be considered to improve robustness in the development of strategies to improve energy conservation and to reduce energy demand in dwellings. It also identifies those points that should be considered promptly in the future, and concludes with the vitality of this project for the participation of multiple disciplines and the use of new paradigms of work that today are paramount.

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Arrowsmith, Michael John. "A hybrid neural network architecture for texture analysis in digital image processing applications." Thesis, University of Central Lancashire, 2002. http://clok.uclan.ac.uk/9731/.

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A new hybrid neural network model capable of texture analysis in a digital image processing environment is presented in this thesis. This model is constructed from two different types of neural network, self-organisation and back-propagation. Along with a brief resume of digital image processing concepts, an introduction to neural networks is provided. This contains appropriate documentation of the neural networks and test evidence is also presented to highlight the relative strengths and weaknesses of both neural networks. The hybrid neural network is proposed from this evidence along with methods of training and operation. This is supported by practical examples of the system's operation with digital images. Through this process two modes of operation are explored, classification and segmentation of texture content within images. Some common methods of texture analysis are also documented, with spatial grey level dependence matrices being chosen to act as a feature generator for classification by a back-propagation neural network, this provides a benchmark to assess the performance of the hybrid neural network. This takes the form of descriptive comparison, pictorial results, and mathematical analysis when using aerial survey images. Other novel approaches using the hybrid neural network are presented with concluding comments outlining the findings presented within this thesis.

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Kurultay, Aziz Alper. "Sensitivity analysis of the seakeeping behavior of trimaran ships." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2003. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion-image/03Dec%5FKurultay.pdf.

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Wong, Shirley Sien Wah. "The Hong Kong and Shanghai Bank Headquarter Buildings (1886, 1935, 1986) : a historical analysis of colonialism and architecture." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.286763.

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Green, Richard. "Quantitative assessment of bone quality using image guided failure analysis." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2012. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/quantitative-assessment-of-bone-quality-using-image-guided-failure-analysis(7aefbd56-4f20-4fb3-97be-7e350ddd5526).html.

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Bone quality influences bone strength with important consequences for osteoporosis, fracture risk and dental implant success. Whilst imaging that is capable of capturing bone structure in 3D is becoming more common, quantitative clinical measures of bone quality rely on bone quantity, not structure. If bone quality could be more accurately measured, and the influence of bone architecture better understood, strength may be better predicted. This thesis presents methods for making structural comparisons between successive micro-CT images of loaded bone and explores the limitations of these. I present a novel method to detect where damage occurs in loaded rat vertebrae based on multiscale rigid registration and difference measures. Together these methods represent a quantitative approach to image guided failure analysis. Time-lapsed micro-CT images of 14 successively loaded rat vertebrae were acquired and damaged regions found using these. Using a random forest classifier I tested whether the damaged regions could be predicted by several commonly used structural measures (bone area and volume), three-dimensional texture measures (co-occurrence matrices and fractal dimension) and a more novel type of architectural measure (based on the structure tensor). A combination of parameters was able to predict damage regions with specificities in the range 70-90% and sensitivities of 60-70%.Using ovariectomised rats as a model of osteoporosis I have performed a pilot experiment to investigate how changes in bone quality might effect our results. The wider applicability of my methods are demonstrated by applying them to dental cone beam images of healthy and osteoporotic patients.

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Bonér, Simon. "REAL-TIME HYPERSPECTRAL IMAGE ANALYSIS ON GPU HARDWARE : Performance impact of different GPU architecture implementations." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för datavetenskap, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-175881.

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This paper examines the optimization possibilities of using different GPU memory for a hyperspectral imaging algorithm. It focuses on the global memory, the shared memory, and the constant memory of the GPU. Three versions of the hyperspectral imaging algorithm are implemented utilizing the GPU’s global memory, shared memory, and constant memory, respectively. The algorithm consists of 4 steps: 3 pre-processing steps and 1 prediction step. The pre-processing step comprise of calculating the absorption, centering the image, normalizing using the standard normal variate. Lastly, there is a prediction step using a matrix-vector multiplication. Then the implementations are tested on their performance in processing an image. We also investigate how coalescing images in the different implementations can speed up the processing and what kind of extra latency it adds to the processing of an image.

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Nicoll, Gayle. "Taking the stairs environmental features that explain why people use stairs in 3 to 4 story academic workplace buildings /." Thesis, Available online, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2006, 2006. http://etd.gatech.edu/theses/available/etd-05162006-114551/.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Architecture, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2007.
Dr. Craig Zimring, Committee Chair ; Dr. John Peponis, Committee Member ; Dr. Harold H. Kohl, Committee Member ; Dr. Abir Mullick, Committee Member ; Dr. Andrew Dannenberg, Committee Member.

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Lillis, Julia A. "Analysis of the applicability of aircraft vulnerability assessment and reduction techniques to small surface craft." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2002. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion-image/02Jun%5FLillis.pdf.

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Wimber, Kristina Michelle. "Four Greco-Roman era temples of Near Eastern fertility goddesses : an analysis of architectural tradition /." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2007. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd2152.pdf.

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Ekneligoda, Thushan Chandrasiri. "Estimation of the Elastic Moduli of Porous Materials using Analytical Methods, Numerical Methods, and Image Analysis." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Mark- och vattenteknik, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-4538.

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The effective bulk modulus and effective shear modulus of porous materials having various types of pore shapes are investigated, using both analytical and numerical methods. These solutions, and the scaling laws that are derived with the aid of these solutions, are then used to make predictions of the effective elastic moduli of some sandstones and ceramics, based on two-dimensional images of the pore space. The complex variable method is used to find the hydrostatic and shear compliances of a large family of pores that have N-fold rotational symmetry, and which have at most four terms in their conformal mapping function. This solution is validated using boundary element (BEM) calculations, and is also used to test two scaling laws that estimate the compliances based on the area and perimeter of the pore. The boundary perturbation method is used to study the effect of small-scale roughness on the compressibility and shear compliance of a nominally circular pore. The solution is carried out to fourth order in the roughness parameter for the case of hydrostatic loading, and to second order for shear loading. These solutions allow one to judge the scale of roughness that can safely be ignored when obtaining images of the pores. Predictions are then made of the elastic moduli of some porous materials – two sandstones and a ceramic. Starting with scanning electron micrographs, image analysis software is used to isolate and extract each pore from the host material. The bulk and shear compliances are estimated using both BEM and the two scaling laws. Areally-weighted mean values of these compliances are calculated for each material, and the differential effective medium scheme is used to obtain expressions for the moduli as functions of porosity. These predictions agree well with the experimental values found in the literature.
QC 20100706

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40

Surma, David Ray 1963. "Design and performance evaluation of parallel architectures for image segmentation processing." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/277042.

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The design of parallel architectures to perform image segmentation processing is given. In addition, the various designs are evaluated as to their performance, and a discussion of an optimal design is given. In this thesis, a set of eight segmentation algorithms has been provided as a starting point. Four of these algorithms will be evaluated and partitioned using two techniques. From this study of partitioning and considering the data flow through the total system, architectures utilizing parallel techniques will be derived. Timing analysis using pen and paper techniques will be given on the architectures using three of today's current technologies. Next, NETWORK II.5 simulations will be run to provide performance measures. Finally, evaluations of the various architectures will be made as well as the applicability of using NETWORK II.5 as a simulation language.

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Zhao, Fei. "Agent-based modeling of commercial building stocks for energy policy and demand response analysis." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/43704.

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Managing a sustainable built environment with a large number of buildings rests on the ability to assess and improve the performance of the building stock over time. Building stock models are cornerstones to the assessment of the combined impact of energy-related building interventions across different spatial and temporal scales. However, such models, particularly those accounting for both physical formulation and social behaviors of the underlying buildings, are still in their infancy. This research strives to more thoroughly examine how buildings perform aggregately in energy usage by focusing on how to tackled three major technical challenges: (1) quantifying building energy performance in an objective and scalable manner, (2) mapping building stock model space to real-world data space, and (3) quantifying and evaluating energy intervention behaviors of a building stock. This thesis hypothesizes that a new paradigm of aggregation of large-scale building stocks can lead to (1) an accurate and efficient intervention analysis model and (2) a functionally comprehensive decision support tool for building stock energy intervention analysis. Specifically, this thesis presents three methodologies. To address the first challenge, this thesis develops a normative building physical energy model that can rapidly estimate single building energy performance with respect to its design and operational characteristics. To address the second challenge, the thesis proposes a statistical procedure using regression and Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) sampling techniques that inverse-estimate building parameters based on building stock energy consumption survey data. The outcomes of this statistical procedure validate the approach of using prototypical buildings for two types of intervention analysis: energy retrofit and demand response. These two cases are implemented in an agent-based modeling and simulation (ABMS) framework to tackle the third challenge. This thesis research contributes to the body of knowledge pertaining to building energy modeling beyond the single building scale. The proposed framework can be used by energy policy makers and utilities for the evaluation of energy retrofit incentives and demand-response program economics.

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Simon, Loïc. "Procedural reconstruction of buildings : towards large scale automatic 3D modeling of urban environments." Phd thesis, Ecole Centrale Paris, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00637638.

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This thesis is devoted to 2D and 3D modeling of urban environments using structured representations and grammars. Our approach introduces a semantic representation for buildings that encodes expected architectural constraints and is able to derive complex instances using fairly simple grammars. Furthermore, we propose two novel inference algorithms to parse images using such grammars. To this end, a steepest ascent hill climbing concept is considered to derive the grammar and the corresponding parameters from a single facade view. It combines the grammar constraints with the expected visual properties of the different architectural elements. Towards addressing more complex scenarios and incorporating 3D information, a second inference strategy based on evolutionary computational algorithms is adopted to optimize a two-component objective function introducing depth cues. The proposed framework was evaluated qualitatively and quantitatively on a benchmark of annotated facades, demonstrating robustness to challenging situations. Substantial improvement due to the strong grammatical context was shown in comparison to the performance of the same appearance models coupled with local priors. Therefore, our approach provides powerful techniques in response to increasing demand on large scale 3D modeling of real environments through compact, structured and semantic representations, while opening new perspectives for image understanding

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Marti, Marco Ros. "Deep Convolutional Neural Network for Effective Image Analysis : DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF A DEEP PIXEL-WISE SEGMENTATION ARCHITECTURE." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för informations- och kommunikationsteknik (ICT), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-227851.

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This master thesis presents the process of designing and implementing a CNN-based architecture for image recognition included in a larger project in the field of fashion recommendation with deep learning. Concretely, the presented network aims to perform localization and segmentation tasks. Therefore, an accurate analysis of the most well-known localization and segmentation networks in the state of the art has been performed. Afterwards, a multi-task network performing RoI pixel-wise segmentation has been created. This proposal solves the detected weaknesses of the pre-existing networks in the field of application, i.e. fashion recommendation. These weaknesses are basically related with the lack of a fine-grained quality of the segmentation and problems with computational efficiency. When it comes to improve the details of the segmentation, this network proposes to work pixel- wise, i.e. performing a classification task for each of the pixels of the image. Thus, the network is more suitable to detect all the details presented in the analysed images. However, a pixel-wise task requires working in pixel resolution, which implies that the number of operations to perform is usually large. To reduce the total number of operations to perform in the network and increase the computational efficiency, this pixel-wise segmentation is only done in the meaningful regions of the image (Regions of Interest), which are also computed in the network (RoI masks). Then, after a study of the more recent deep learning libraries, the network has been successfully implemented. Finally, to prove the correct operation of the design, a set of experiments have been satisfactorily conducted. In this sense, it must be noted that the evaluation of the results obtained during testing phase with respect to the most well-known architectures is out of the scope of this thesis as the experimental conditions, especially in terms of dataset, have not been suitable for doing so. Nevertheless, the proposed network is totally prepared to perform this evaluation in the future, when the required experimental conditions are available.
Denna examensarbete presenterar processen för att designa och implementera en CNN-baserad arkitektur för bildigenkänning som ingår i ett större projekt inom moderekommendation med djup inlärning. Konkret, det presenterade nätverket syftar till att utföra lokaliseringsoch segmenteringsuppgifter. Därför har en noggrann analys av de mest kända lokaliseringsoch segmenteringsnätena utförts inom den senaste tekniken. Därefter har ett multi-task-nätverk som utför RoI pixel-wise segmentering skapats. Detta förslag löser de upptäckta svagheterna hos de befintliga näten inom tillämpningsområdet, dvs modeanbefaling. Dessa svagheter är i grund och botten relaterade till bristen på en finkornad kvalitet på segmenteringen och problem med beräkningseffektivitet. När det gäller att förbättra detaljerna i segmenteringen, föreslår detta nätverk att arbeta pixelvis, dvs att utföra en klassificeringsuppgift för var och en av bildpunkterna i bilden. Nätverket är sålunda lämpligare att detektera alla detaljer som presenteras i de analyserade bilderna. En pixelvis uppgift kräver dock att man arbetar med pixelupplösning, vilket innebär att antalet operationer som ska utföras är vanligtvis stor. För att minska det totala antalet operationer som ska utföras i nätverket och öka beräkningseffektiviteten görs denna pixelvisa segmentering endast i de meningsfulla regionerna i bilden (intressanta regioner), som också beräknas i nätverket (RoI-masker) . Sedan, efter en studie av de senaste djuplärningsbiblioteken, har nätverket framgångsrikt implementerats. Slutligen, för att bevisa korrekt funktion av konstruktionen, har en uppsättning experiment genomförts på ett tillfredsställande sätt. I detta avseende måste det noteras att utvärderingen av de resultat som uppnåtts under testfasen i förhållande till de mest kända arkitekturerna ligger utanför denna avhandling, eftersom de experimentella förhållandena, särskilt vad gäller dataset, inte har varit lämpliga För att göra det. Ändå är det föreslagna nätverket helt beredd att utföra denna utvärdering i framtiden när de nödvändiga försöksvillkoren är tillgängliga.
En aquest treball de fi de màster es presenta el disseny i la implementació d’una arquitectura pel reconeixement d’imatges fent ús de CNN. Aquesta xarxa es troba inclosa en un projecte de major envergadura en el camp de la recomanació de moda. En concret, la xarxa presentada en aquest document s’encarrega de realitzar les tasques de localització i segmentació. Després d’un estudi a consciència de les xarxes més conegudes de l’estat de l’art, s’ha dissenyat una xarxa multi-tasca encarregada de realitzar una segmentació a resolució de píxel de les regions d’interès de la imatge, les quals han sigut prèviament calculades i emmascarades. Aquesta proposta soluciona les mancances detectades en les xarxes ja existents pel que fa a la tasca de recomanació de moda. Aquestes mancances es basen en la obtenció d’una segmentació sense prou nivell de detalls i en una rellevant complexitat computacional. Pel que fa a la qualitat de la segmentació, aquesta tesi proposa treballar en resolució de píxel, classificant tots els píxels de la imatge de forma individual, per tal de poder adaptar-se a tots els detalls que puguin aparèixer a la imatge analitzada. No obstant, treballar píxel a píxel implica la realització d’una gran quantitat d’operacions. Per reduir-les, proposem fer la segmentació píxel a píxel només a les regions d’interès de la imatge. A continuació, després d’un estudi detallat de les llibreries de deep learnign més destacades, el disseny ha sigut implementat. Finalment s’han dut a terme una sèrie d’experiments per provar el correcte funcionament del disseny. En aquest sentit és important destacar que aquesta tesi no té com a objectiu avaluar el disseny respecte d’altres xarxes ja existents. La raó és que les condicions d’experimentació, sobretot pel que fa a la base de dades, no són adequades per aquesta tasca. No obstant, la xarxa està perfectament preparada per fer aquesta avaluació un cop les condicions d’experimentació així ho permetin.

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Stephan, André. "Towards a comprehensive energy assessment of residential buildings: a multi-scale life cycle energy analysis framework." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209465.

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Buildings are directly responsible for 40% of the final energy use in most developed economies and for much more if indirect requirements are considered. This results in huge impacts which affect the environmental balance of our planet.

However, most current building energy assessments focus solely on operational energy overlooking other energy uses such as embodied and transport energy. Embodied energy comprises the energy requirements for building materials production, construction and replacement. Transport energy represents the amount of energy required for the mobility of building users.

Decisions based on partial assessments might result in an increased energy demand during other life cycle stages or at different scales of the built environment. Recent studies have shown that embodied and transport energy demands often account for more than half of the total lifecycle energy demand of residential buildings. Current assessment tools and policies therefore overlook more than 50% of the life cycle energy use.

This thesis presents a comprehensive life cycle energy analysis framework for residential buildings. This framework takes into account energy requirements at the building scale, i.e. the embodied and operational energy demands, and at the city scale, i.e. the embodied energy of nearby infrastructures and the transport energy of its users. This framework is implemented through the development, verification and validation of an advanced software tool which allows the rapid analysis of the life cycle energy demand of residential buildings and districts. Two case studies, located in Brussels, Belgium and Melbourne, Australia, are used to investigate the potential of the developed framework.

Results show that each of the embodied, operational and transport energy requirements represent a significant share of the total energy requirements and associated greenhouse gas emissions of a residential building, over its useful life. The use of the developed tool will allow building designers, town planners and policy makers to reduce the energy demand and greenhouse gas emissions of residential buildings by selecting measures that result in overall savings. This will ultimately contribute to reducing the environmental impact of the built environment.
Doctorat en Sciences de l'ingénieur
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

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Lu, Yi. "Directed visibility analysis: three case studies on the relationship between building layout, perception and behavior." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/39569.

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This is a study of the spatial affordances of buildings that allow them to organize and transmit cultural ideas and to support the performance of organizational roles. The particular affordances under consideration are those that arise from the manner in which buildings structure the visual fields that are potentially available to a situated observer. In studying directed visibility patterns, supported by the development of appropriate analytical tools, we focus on a previously specified set of visual targets and ask how many become visible from each occupiable location. Parametric restrictions concerning the direction into which a subject faces and the viewing angle sustained by the target object are also taken into consideration. The aim is to demonstrate how such refinements of visibility analysis, lead to more precise and penetrating insights as to how building users tune their behavior to the spatial affordances of environment, and how the environment impacts their understanding in turn. Three different studies were presented. The fist used directed visibility measures to evaluate the affordances of different nursing-unit designs relative to how well nurses are able to survey patients in different rooms as they go about their duties. The second study focuses on the manner in which nurses and physicians position themselves in a Neuro Intensive Care Unit (ICU), particularly when interacting. The third study investigates how aware exhibition visitors become of the visual structure of environment and how the visibility structure of exhibitions affects the ability of visitors to conceptually group paintings according to their thematic content. The case studies support the following conclusions. 1) The way in which people position themselves in an environment as they perform their assigned tasks is tuned to the way in which visual fields are structured. 2) The visual structure of environment is contingent upon the interaction between the underlying structure of visual fields and paths of movement. 3) Directed visibility analysis leads to stronger correlations with behavior and performance than generic visibility analysis. This implies that environments are layered. Their underlying spatial structure is charged by the distribution of the contents that are programmatically primary.

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Techel, Hanns-Florian. "CAP, a case study in the wasting of energy : an analysis of energy management and consumption in the architecture building at Ball State University." Virtual Press, 1991. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/845981.

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This thesis investigates the structure of the College of Architecture and Planning (CAP) at Ball State University, otherwise referred to as the Architecture Building (AB). The purpose of this study was to examine the use of energy within the two wings of the building. The research focussed on the history of the decision-making process of the design. It studied the geometry of the building. It researches the issue of lighting and daylighting. It examined the behavior of the HVAC systems. It studied the current and potential use of the Solar Chimney. It analyzed the existing windows as well as possible alternatives.The study results in an experimental design for an additional wing for the Architecture Building. It also recommends specific solutions for optimizing the separate parts of the existing building with respect to their use of energy as well as their exposure to daylight. This also helps to identify the limits of rebuilding an existing structure. Therefore, the appendices show new technologies that will help future designs, from the building materials used to the change of the design process itself.With its huge south-facing atrium and the closed north wall this building communicates the idea of utilizing natural energy sources (e.g., maximizing of solar gain) and minimizing the loss of energy through the building envelope.In fact, the biggest energy consuming factor is not the loss of energy during the winter time, but the excessive gain of energy during the summer which puts an extraordinary cooling load on the A/C system of the building. Apart from that, the amount of electricity for lighting due to the unavailability of daylight as well as the very inefficient lighting system and fans of the A/C system is extensive.Recent advances in the development of high efficiency windows and lights would allow for significant savings within the building. Unfortunately, a lot of the problems of the building are "cast in concrete" and therefore cannot be changed. This leads to the realization that architects need tools that allow them to better predict the future behavior of their anticipated structures. New developments in the field of Computer Aided Design (CAD) boost this simulation ability of planned buildings to a point unthought of a few years ago.
Department of Architecture

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Joshi, Surabhi. "Guidelines to integrate life cycle assessment in building design." Thesis, Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/31791.

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Thesis (M. S.)--Architecture, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2010.
Committee Chair: Augenbroe, Godfried; Committee Member: Bayer, Charlene; Committee Member: Gentry, Russell. Part of the SMARTech Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Collection.

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Carabbio, Raffaele. "Semi-engineered earthquake-resistant structures: one-storey buildings made with Bhatar construction technique." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2017. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/12584/.

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After the 2005 M7.6 Kashmir earthquake (Pakistan), field observations reported that several buildings manufactured with traditional techniques well resisted to this strong seismic event. Nonetheless, these techniques have never been deeply studied from a structural engineering point of view yet. This thesis reports a full analytical study on the static and seismic behavior of simple one-storey buildings made with a typical construction technique commonly named as “Bhatar” system, used for several centuries and widely diffused in rather remote areas of the Himalayan regions like India, Nepal and Pakistan. The Bhatar system consists of load-bearing walls made of common dry-stacked rubble stone masonry held together by horizontal wooden bands disposed at several levels (spaced at intervals of about 60 cm). It is widely adopted in developing countries due to its advantages from both economical and constructive point of view with respect to the conventional constructions techniques (i.e. brick masonry and concrete structures). In the present work, analytical analyses are conducted with reference to a one-storey building modulus characterized by a 3.6 m x 3.6 m square plan covered by an heavy wooden roof with 20 cm thick earth coverage, in order to investigate its response under both gravity and seismic inertial loadings. In detail, in-plane and out-of-plane response of a single wall under horizontal actions is discussed and particular attention is focused on the connections between the timber elements, which are fundamental for the transmission of the horizontal actions and for preventing overturning and other failure mechanisms. The main aim is twofold: (i) to provide a first insight into the actual seismic response of such construction technique, as a basis for the specific design of ad-hoc laboratory tests on full-scale models, and (ii) to give some rules of thumb for a proper dimensioning and construction of this kind of structures.

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Du, Plessis Linet. "The ideological construction of new urbanism in Melrose Arch a critical analysis/." Pretoria : [s.n.], 2008. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-08202008-141836.

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Er, Akan Asli. "A Comparative Study On Earthquake Resistance Of Reinforced Concrete And Masonry Residential Buildings In Small-scale Cities Of Turkey." Phd thesis, METU, 2008. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12609528/index.pdf.

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Today the vast majority of urban population in Turkey is living in multi-story apartment blocks constructed of reinforced concrete due to the fact that in the late 19th century concrete and steel took the place of traditional materials such as masonry. However, it cannot be denied that masonry is still a crucial material for load bearing walls, internal walls and cladding of buildings. In addition to this masonry construction system has many advantages. From the architectural point of view, it provides flexibility in plan, spatial composition, wide variety of colours and textures and an impressive appearance for external walls. From the construction point of view, masonry system eliminates the cost of the frame because the structure is also the enclosing wall. In spite of these advantages, until recently, masonry was not considered to be a convenient material for building construction in seismic zones of Turkey. Thus, in 1950&rsquo
s for the residential building reinforced concrete started to be used as a construction material in every region of Turkey. This building material first became popular and was widely used but after a short while it was also used in smaller cities. Before the construction of reinforced concrete residential buildings each of these small-scale cities had their own local characteristics but after a rapid urbanization period all of these cities became similar to each other. Therefore, in this study firstly residential building typologies in some small-scale cities (Bolu, Dü
zce, Ç
ankiri, Ç
orum, Kastamonu, Kirikkale) are investigated and for these cities 4-storey masonry residential buildings is proposed instead of multi-story reinforced concrete apartment blocks. Here, it is aimed to enliven the use of masonry again in these regions. To achieve this aim it is necessary to verify the fact that it is possible to construct a four-story residential building with masonry bearing walls instead of reinforced concrete beam and column skeleton system keeping the existing plan scheme in other words without changing its architectural characteristics. In order to do this, 3D models are created to compare the behaviours of the masonry building and reinforced concrete building. The behavioural investigation of the two models is performed in the finite element platform with the help of SAP 2000. Finally it is certified that this proposal is successfully efficient.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Architecture Buildings Image analysis'

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