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Journal articles on the topic 'Architecture competition'
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1
Manic, Bozidar, Dragana Vasiljevic-Tomic, and Ana Nikovic. "Contemporary Serbian Orthodox church architecture: Architectural competitions since 1990." Spatium, no. 35 (2016): 10–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/spat1635010m.
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This paper focuses on the architectural competitions for Orthodox Christian churches in Serbia since 1990, both on the analysis of the designs submitted and the competition requirements. The first competition for an Orthodox church in Serbia after World War II was announced for Pristina in 1991. After that, competitions for the temple in Cukarica, Novi Beograd, Nis, Aleksinac and Krusevac were conducted. Thanks to the fact that architectural competitions allow a greater degree of creative freedom to the architects than regular practice, various solutions were offered, from replicas of models from architectural history and tradition to fully non-traditional proposals. Depending on the relationship to tradition, architectural design approaches can be classified into three main groups: radically modernizing, conservatively traditionalist, and compromising. Of the six competitions conducted, four churches were built, which are among the most architecturally successful newer churches in Serbia. This points to the importance of the implementation of the architectural competition in this field of architecture. The diversity of the award-winning projects shows that there is awareness of the possibility for the further development of church architecture, favouring a moderate approach.
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Gabrėnas, Arnoldas, and Darius Linartas. "Wooden Objects in Architecture Competitions." Journal of Architectural Design and Urbanism 3, no. 1 (September 14, 2020): 20–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jadu.v3i1.8604.
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The article deals with the role of wooden architecture constructions in competitions that took place in the recent decade. Architecture competitions for which designs from wood were offered are discussed. The properties of such constructions and their results in the competition, as well as the subsequent phases of the existence of a design, if any, are singled out. It should be noted that wooden constructions, owing to their properties, are increasingly noticeable and are acknowledged with awards. Given that this process takes place in architecture competitions, we can predict architectural trends in the near future.
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Schmiedeknecht, Torsten. "Conventions of a competition system: jury reports and competition briefs published in Wettbewerbe Aktuell." Architectural Research Quarterly 17, no. 2 (June 2013): 177–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1359135513000535.
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‘Conventions of a competition system: jury reports and competition briefs published in Wettbewerbe Aktuell’ is part of a broader enquiry into the relationship between architectural competitions in Germany in the 1970's, 1980's and 1990's and the dissemination of competition results in the form of drawings, model photographs, abbreviated contents of competition briefs and jury reports, in the journal Wettbewerbe Aktuell. The paper briefly introduces the German competition system and its regulations relevant at the time, before charting Wettbewerbe Aktuell's beginnings and publishing format. A close reading of primary school and museum competitions published in the journal then provides the platform for an analysis of the content and format of the briefs and jury reports published with the prize-winning schemes. The objective of the paper is to identify principles, similarities and regularities and their possible effects on competition architecture, in the texts – briefs and jury reports – which describe and analyse architectural competitions in Wettbewerbe Aktuell.
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Khan, Hasan-Uddin. "Architectural Competitions: Creating Dialogues and Promoting Excellence?" International Journal of Islamic Architecture 9, no. 1 (March 1, 2020): 5–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/ijia_00001_2.
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Abstract Architectural competitions have become a major way of commissioning buildings, especially for corporate and government structures. They belong to a practice that dates back to ancient Greece. This editorial essay ponders some of the critical issues raised by the two major types ‐ project competitions and ideas competitions ‐ through representative case studies of the Aga Khan Award for Architecture and the recent competition for master plan and buildings for the Kuwait Foundation for the Advancement of Science. The notions discussed are based on the author's personal experiences over four decades, and the roles played by the major players involved in the process ‐ the client or sponsor, the competition organizers, the designers/architects, and the architectural juries. The article ends with a consideration of why architectural competitions are valuable in the lessons they offer and the discourses they raise, and their significance for architects and architecture more broadly.
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Mooser, Markus. "Exemples de projets réalisés dans le cadre du programme «Bois 2000» de l'OFEFP – Concours | Examples of Projects Carried Out as Part of the SAEFL «Timber 2000» Programme – Competitions." Schweizerische Zeitschrift fur Forstwesen 152, no. 3 (March 1, 2001): 97–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.3188/szf.2001.0097.
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The «Timber 2000» promotional programme, sponsored by SAEFL, consists of many varied projects. The aim of this review is to detail 3 complementary competitions which show one of the many aspects of «Timber 2000». The competitions are:• The Lignum Prize – an architecture prize for wooden structures• Cyclo-Bivouac – an architectural competition for students• Meuble 21 – a competition of wooden furniture design The article details the inevitable logistical problems that must be overcome to successfully organise such competitions. The organisers want to put what they have learned to good use when organising future competitions, which will be necessary to promote timber effectively. The information provided could prove invaluable for future competition organisers, and prevent them from overlooking essential items.
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Architects, Tony Fretton, and Bob Allies. "Warsaw Embassy competition." Architectural Research Quarterly 7, no. 2 (June 2003): 126–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1359135503002094.
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The first point to make about the competition for the new British Embassy in Warsaw relates not to the architecture of the six submissions but to the selection process that produced them. The Foreign and Commonwealth Office (FCO) has long been committed to appointing new, and often young, architects to carry out its major projects and to the architectural competition as the means of selecting a design. Anticipating the procedures now legally required under OJEC rules, the FCO openly advertises for architects to apply to be selected to participate in their various competitions. Following detailed briefings and extended site visits, designs are then produced, and presented, and winners chosen.
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Leitanaitė, Rūta. "ARCHITECTURAL EXHIBITIONS-COMPETITIONS IN LITHUANIA AS A TOOL OF PROMOTING ARCHITECTURE / ARCHITEKTŪROS PARODA-KONKURSAS LIETUVOJE KAIP ARCHITEKTŪROS POPULIARINIMO PRIEMONĖ." JOURNAL OF ARCHITECTURE AND URBANISM 37, no. 2 (July 10, 2013): 133–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/20297955.2013.813165.
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An architectural exhibition-competition is analyzed as a type of architectural media, which performs as a promotion tool of architecture and education of the wide public. Via review of current architectural exhibitions-competitions in Lithuania, Baltic States and several European level architectural awards, the criteria and characteristics, defining and destining the quality and prestige of an architectural exhibition-competition are distilled and defined. Santrauka Straipsnyje architektūros paroda-konkursas tiriamas kaip architektūrinės žiniasklaidos (media) tipas, kurio misija – kokybiškos architektūros propagavimas bei architektūrinė visuomenės edukacija. Svarbiausių architektūros parodų-konkursų ir apdovanojimų, organizuojamų Lietuvoje, Latvijoje, Estijoje bei Europoje, analizė atskleidžia kokybiško, prestižinio architektūros parodos-konkurso kriterijus ir charakteristikas, kurias galima pritaikyti ir Lietuuvoje.
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Babenko, V., and K. Davydenko. "COPYRIGHT FOR THE PROJECT IN ARCHITECTURAL COMPETITIONS." Ukrainian Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture, no. 1 (June 24, 2021): 26–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.30838/j.bpsacea.2312.230221.26.714.
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Problem statement. Works of architecture, as objects of copyright, is one of the key industries on which the economies of the countries of the modern world are based. The importance of architectural activity for the harmonious development of society is unquestioning, both from the point of view of the development of projects and the creation of structures, the cultural value of which is of a spiritual nature, and due to the functional value of architecture, includes aesthetic, social and everyday components. Copyright in architectural works is an important form of protecting and enforcing the rights of architects and neglect of this right usually leads to litigation. There is a problem of awareness of copyright issues in Ukraine, both in architectural projects and in many aspects of architectural activities, in particular, the observance of the copyright of architects when their architectural projects participate in architectural competitions.
The main objective. Research of architectural works submitted to competitions as objects of intellectual property rights, study and generalization of existing rules of participation of architectural projects in architectural competitions, legality of their use by competition customers and observance of copyrights of architects, including students and masters of architecture.
Conclusions. The participation of architects in architectural competitions is an extremely important issue due to the copyright of both experienced and young architects, especially if the participants in the competition are students of architectural and construction universities. The complex of copyright on the result of his creative activity in the field of architecture arises from the moment of creation of the work (including the project), regardless of whether it was completed and published or not. After the implementation of the project, the author's rights to constructed buildings, structures and other works as objects of copyright also belong to the author, if they were not transferred under the contract, as well as taking into account the law on rights to objects created by the employment contract and to order. The copyright for the project belongs exclusively to the author (authors) and is protected in accordance with the Laws of Ukraine. As we can see, the judicial and legislative systems of Ukraine allow an architect (or other copyright owner) to protect his project and rights to it, to punish those who encroach on someone else's intellectual property and to bring violators to justice. Legal protection is equal for all participants of the competition and can help young architects not only to gain experience in project development, at different stages of the competition, but also in case of victory, to further participate in its implementation, subject to compliance with the rules and conditions.
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Xue, Wei, Lin Huang, and Fei-Hai Yu. "Importance of starting points in heterogeneous environments: interactions between two clonal plants with contrasting spatial architectures." Journal of Plant Ecology 13, no. 3 (May 4, 2020): 323–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jpe/rtaa018.
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Abstract Aims Plants can benefit from heterogeneous environments via disproportionately increasing resource harvesting in resource-rich patches. Their initial growing positions with respect to resource patches may thus have important influences on their performance and relative competitive ability. Such impacts may differ between species with contrasting spatial architectures. However, the potential influence of initial growing positions in heterogeneous environment on plant growth and competition has largely been ignored. Methods We grew the phalanx plant Carex neurocarpa and the guerrilla plant Bolboschoenus planiculmis alone or in competition in a heterogeneous environment consisting of high- and low-nutrient soil patches. In treatments without competition, one ramet of each species was grown in either a high- or a low-nutrient patch in the heterogeneous environment. In treatments with competition, a ramet of the target species was grown in either a high- or a low-nutrient patch, and a ramet of the competitor species was grown in the same patch as the target species or an adjacent patch with a different nutrient level. Important Findings Without competition C. neurocarpa produced more biomass and ramets when initially grown in a high-nutrient patch than when initially grown in a low-nutrient patch. With competition, these differences disappeared. Consequently, competitive intensity on C. neurocarpa was higher when it initially grew in a high-nutrient patch than when it initially grew in a low-nutrient patch. These impacts were independent of the initial position of its competitor. By contrast, the initial positions of B. planiculmis did not influence its growth or competitive response. Therefore, in heterogeneous environments, initial growing positions of clonal plants may influence their performance in competition-free environments and may also affect their relative competitive ability, and these effects may depend on spatial architecture of the plants.
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Gottschling, Paul. "Where design competitions matter: Architectural artefacts and discursive events." Journal of Material Culture 23, no. 2 (October 3, 2017): 151–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1359183517733774.
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Recent ethnographies among professional architects have given us a novel version of the argument against architectural autonomy: architects work in a condition of entanglement not only with clients and markets, but also with the very objects through which architectural conception takes place. There is a tension between this view and one that surfaces within management scholarship on design competitions. In these studies, the design competition is a moment of architectural work in which architectural autonomy is uniquely pronounced, where the artistic statements of architects achieve a special efficacy. The author investigates the possibility that the design competition enacts a different sort of architectural entanglement than what we see in recent anthropologies. He considers two situations of architects working on design competitions, one in an architectural school in the UK and one at the Office for Metropolitan Architecture. He concludes that, in design competitions, discourse itself becomes subject to adjustment and iteration.
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Dorji, Yonten, Peter Annighöfer, Christian Ammer, and Dominik Seidel. "Response of Beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) Trees to Competition—New Insights from Using Fractal Analysis." Remote Sensing 11, no. 22 (November 13, 2019): 2656. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs11222656.
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Individual tree architecture and the composition of tree species play a vital role for many ecosystem functions and services provided by a forest, such as timber value, habitat diversity, and ecosystem resilience. However, knowledge is limited when it comes to understanding how tree architecture changes in response to competition. Using 3D-laser scanning data from the German Biodiversity Exploratories, we investigated the detailed three-dimensional architecture of 24 beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) trees that grew under different levels of competition pressure. We created detailed quantitative structure models (QSMs) for all study trees to describe their branching architecture. Furthermore, structural complexity and architectural self-similarity were measured using the box-dimension approach from fractal analysis. Relating these measures to the strength of competition, the trees are exposed to reveal strong responses for a wide range of tree architectural measures indicating that competition strongly changes the branching architecture of trees. The strongest response to competition (rho = −0.78) was observed for a new measure introduced here, the intercept of the regression used to determine the box-dimension. This measure was discovered as an integrating descriptor of the size of the complexity-bearing part of the tree, namely the crown, and proven to be even more sensitive to competition than the box-dimension itself. Future studies may use fractal analysis to investigate and quantify the response of tree individuals to competition.
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Sato, Osamu, and Shuzo Fujimura. "Influence of Product Architecture on the Competition Between LCD and PDP Technologies." Journal on Innovation and Sustainability. RISUS ISSN 2179-3565 3, no. 3 (November 15, 2012): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.24212/2179-3565.2012v3i3p65-78.
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The popularity of flat TVs began to reach its stride at the beginning of the 21st century, and the market size has expanded rapidly. The plasma display panel (PDP) technology was predominant initially, but the liquid crystal display (LCD) technology has presently overtaken PDP technology. Most of the actual conditions for the competition between LCD and PDP have not been clarified. In this study, our aim was to understand the factors because of which LCD overtook PDP in terms of the product architecture and to clarify the architecture’s influence on the competition between LCD and PDP. The results showed that PDP and LCD have integral-type and modular-type architectures, respectively, and that this difference has had a big influence on the market competition between the two technologies.
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Matan, Cela. "Architecture competition proposals in the body of work of the KKK Group (1931–1939) in the Kingdom of Yugoslavia." Építés - Építészettudomány 48, no. 1-2 (March 2020): 147–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/096.2019.010.
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Jovan Korka, Đorđe Krekić and Georg Kiverov are important protagonists of modern Croatian architecture. The three architects worked together in the KKK Group (name derived from their last names) between 1931 and 1939 in Zagreb. During this period, “the group” produced an impressive mass of work including the realisation of public and residential buildings in Croatia and the region; participated in competitions in the Kingdom of Yugoslavia with brilliant design solutions; held exhibitions and published several professional papers. Famous from the beginning of their professional work in Croatia's capital, in the second half of the 1920s, they were forgotten after WWII. Their names emerged in almost every compilation or architectural guide of modern Croatian architecture due to the built edifices that were the outcome of the member's efforts in competitions, and yet for a long time, very little was known about the authors and especially about the KKK Group. Only recently is their body of work being studied systematically. This article deals with competition projects, the unexplored body of work of the Group, and a crucial part in their success. In twenty instances of participation in competitions currently known, in only eight years of collaboration, the group was awarded 14 times (individually and jointly), often with one of the first three awards. A chronological overview of competition participation and a more detailed analysis of five available joint competition entries was carried out as a contribution to the valorisation of the body of work of these important and yet forgotten protagonists of modern architecture in the Kingdom of Yugoslavia and especially in Croatia.
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ANDERSSON, JONAS E. "Architecture and the Swedish welfare state: three architectural competitions that innovated space for dependent and frail older people." Ageing and Society 35, no. 4 (February 5, 2014): 837–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0144686x14000014.
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ABSTRACTIn 2012, three architectural competitions were held as part of the strategic programme ‘Living Well, Growing Old’, launched by the Swedish government in 2010. The intention was to use the innovative quality of the architectural competition in order to conceive future-oriented built environments for the ageing Swedish society. In Sweden, several architectural competitions with a focus on space for dependent and frail older people have been organised over the past century. Architectural design has been incorporated into reforms for social care of older people. This study focuses on the relationship between architecture and socio-political visions in three architectural competitions, realised in 1907, 1948 and 1979. The study demonstrates that architectural competitions within this field are more than a list of functional and spatial requirements for architects to respect. Instead, they are socio-political statements that define spatial frameworks within an ideological view on how ethically to provide care for dependent and frail older people in a welfare regime.
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Mulyana, Ade, Septian Cahyadi, and Anton Sukamto. "Perencanaan Arsitektur Organisasi Untuk Mendukung Pengembangan Sistem Informasi Perguruan Tinggi." JAS-PT (Jurnal Analisis Sistem Pendidikan Tinggi Indonesia) 3, no. 2 (December 28, 2019): 145. http://dx.doi.org/10.36339/jaspt.v3i2.419.
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Strategies and policies in a profit-oriented organization have a social mission (public service) that prioritizes customer service. The development of information systems and information technology will have an impact on increasingly competitive competition, this also applies in the world of education, especially for higher education institutions that are managed by the community (private), requiring managers to build and develop information systems to help business activities, achieve organizational goals. and services for stakeholders. Enterprise Architecture Planning (EAP) as a method or frame of reference for building an information architecture. EAP is an architectural planning method that is oriented to business needs which consist of data architecture, applications, and technology as well as an implementation plan of the architecture that has been created to support business activities for the achievement of an organization's mission.
Keywords: Enterprise Architecture, information architecture, business activities.
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Petrulis, Vaidas. "ARCHITECTURAL COMPETITIONS IN INTERWAR (1918-1940) LITHUANIA: GENERAL TENDENCIES / KONKURSAI TARPUKARIO (1918–1940) LIETUVOJE: BENDROSIOS TENDENCIJOS." JOURNAL OF ARCHITECTURE AND URBANISM 37, no. 2 (July 10, 2013): 112–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/20297955.2013.807569.
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The article discusses relevant, but so far little examined topic – architectural competitions interwar Lithuania (1918–1940). It is obvious that the culture of competitions was very noticeable and significant part of architectural processes. The majority of important public buildings, and even a significant part of less important projects was built with reference to competitions. The architectural competition as a means to achieve the best result was strongly supported by public policy, as well as by various public societies and private business. The main objective of this article, which is based on archival materials and studies of media of the time, is to reveal the characteristics of organization of competitions, to give a qualitative analysis of the phenomenon. The paper discuss various types of competitions, analyzes requirements, public transparence, the level of internationality, activities of competition commissions, the impact of social and professional environment of competition results. The text also discusses the implementation of competitive works, reveals the level of criticism which follows the process of architectural competition. Finally, the review is being completed with observations about political expectations of clients and the level of implementation of these aspirations. Santrauka Straipsnyje aptariama aktuali, tačiau iki šiol mažai nagrinėta tema – architektūriniai konkursai tarpukario (1918–1940) Lietuvoje. Akivaizdu, kad konkursinė kultūra buvo itin pastebima ir reikšminga tuomečių architektūros procesų dalis. Daugelis svarbiausių visuomeninės architektūros objektų, o neretai ir ne tokie svarbūs, buvo sukurti paskelbus konkursus. Konkursą kaip priemonę pasiekti geriausių rezultatų aktyviai palaikė valstybės politika, šią priemonę naudojo įvairios draugijos, privatus verslas. Tekste, remiantis archyvinės medžiagos bei tuometės spaudos studijomis, bandoma atskleisti būdingiausius konkursų organizavimo principus, pateikiama šio reiškinio kokybinė analizė: aptariami konkursų tipai, analizuojami sąlygų ypatumai, viešumas, tarptautiškumo lygmuo, konkursinių komisijų veikla, plačiosios bei profesinės visuomenės įtakos priimant rezultatus. Tekste taip pat aptariamos konkursinių darbų įgyvendinimo peripetijos, atkreipiamas dėmesys į šiuos procesus lydėsusią kritiką. Apžvalga baigiama pastebėjimais apie politinius užsakovų lūkesčius bei šių aspiracijų įgyvendinimą.
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Embick, David, and Alec Marantz. "Architecture and Blocking." Linguistic Inquiry 39, no. 1 (January 2008): 1–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/ling.2008.39.1.1.
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We discuss theoretical approaches to blocking effects, with particular emphasis on cases in which words appear to block phrases (and perhaps vice versa). These approaches share at least one intuition: that syntactic and semantic features create possible “cells” or slots in which particular items can appear, and that blocking occurs when one such cell is occupied by one form as opposed to another. Accounts of blocking differ along two primary dimensions: the size of the objects that compete with one another (morphemes, words, phrases, sentences); and whether or not ungrammatical forms are taken into consideration in determining the correct output (relatedly, whether otherwise well-formed objects are marked ungrammatical by competition). We argue that blocking in the sense of competition for the expression of syntactic or semantic features is limited to insertion of the phonological exponents of such features (the Vocabulary items of Distributed Morphology) at terminal nodes from the syntax. There is thus no blocking at the word level or above, and no competition between grammatical and ungrammatical structures. The architectural significance of these points is emphasized throughout the discussion.
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Clelland, Doug. "On the establishment of new communities: Allerton Bywater and Osbaldwick Fields." Architectural Research Quarterly 4, no. 3 (September 2000): 219–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1359135500000257.
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Two competition designs have provided frameworks for ideas for the establishment of new communities. The projects provided the opportunity for the design team to consider core architecture (urban and architectural space) and its relationship with extended architectures (detailed design and construction). The building designs have been required to meet performance standards considerably in excess of recent UK norms. This paper describes the design approach and demonstrates how research (university and practice based) has contributed to the two submissions.
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Sisovic, Grozdana. "Architectural competitions and the issue of the autonomy of architecture: The case of Terazije Terrace." Spatium, no. 35 (2016): 45–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/spat1635045s.
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Terazije Terrace in Belgrade and many different architectural projects for this space produced over the last almost 90 years are the subject matter of the analysis. The research is conducted with the aim to recognize and present diverse currents in the development of an architectural scene and shed light on the role of architectural competitions in these complex flows. The 1929-1930 competition won by Nikola Dobrovic, as well as the 1968, 1991 and 1998 competitions with the awarded projects are the focal point of the paper as the samples of architectural practice significant for the understanding of the relations between the treatment of ?grand architectural themes? and the dominant orientation of a local architectural culture. The theoretical framework refers to contemporary theoretical debate on the autonomy of the discipline (Somol and Whiting, 2002; Aureli, 2008; Hays, 2010; among the others).
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Pont, Ulrich, and Ardeshir Mahdavi. "Subjective Evaluation of Sustainability and Attractiveness Criteria of Planned Buildings: A Case Study." Applied Mechanics and Materials 887 (January 2019): 374–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.887.374.
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Architectural competitions are regarded an important way to find close-to-optimal solutions for given building design tasks. In recent years, sustainability criteria within architectural competitions increased in importance. However, the question how to cleverly integrate sustainability criteria into the required deliverables that architects have to provide in competition entries remains widely unsolved. Even if energy calculations or tabular data are stipulated, both meaningfulness and impact on the jury decision seem to be highly doubtful. This might be due to a number of reasons: First of all, architectural competitions regularly address early design stages. In other words, large uncertainties regarding construction assemblies, glazing properties, and HVAC-systems (Heating, Ventilation, Air Conditioning) persist at this moment, thus energy evaluations come with a high level of inaccuracy. Moreover, juries that evaluate competition entries regularly consist of domain specialists for the later building usage and architects, but not necessarily encompass energy efficiency specialists. This is understandable, given the multitude of requirements within building design, where sustainability is only one out of many. Furthermore, there is no common understanding regarding clear decision criteria pertaining to sustainability. Even if certain scalar KPIs (Key Performance Indicators) are demanded, these numbers can regularly not describe the overall performance of a building design. Another important aspect is that entries to architectural competitions regularly are checked onto formal issues, but not regarding the plausibility of their content. As such, it cannot be expected that the winning and running-up projects of competitions automatically resemble the most sustainable projects. Literally, any sustainability or energy performance description has to be taken for granted, but can rarely be validated. Commonly it is argued that the winning projects of competitions are regularly the competition entries that show the most balanced mix of different attributes. This, however, is difficult to evaluate. In the present contribution we illustrate the methodology and results of a recently conducted empirical experiment. Thereby, we asked undergraduate and graduate students of architecture to subjectively evaluate a set of competition entries of a recent architectural competition for a high-density, low-energy residential housing project. The project entries were the winning project as well as the five runner-up projects. The students were provided with principle information about the competition and its principle goals and then had to rank the projects regarding different criteria. The comparison of this subjective evaluation was then compared with the competition result. Some differences between the jury’s ranking and the subjective evaluation could be observed.
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Spratling, M. W., and M. H. Johnson. "Preintegration Lateral Inhibition Enhances Unsupervised Learning." Neural Computation 14, no. 9 (September 1, 2002): 2157–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/089976602320264033.
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A large and influential class of neural network architectures uses postintegration lateral inhibition as a mechanism for competition. We argue that these algorithms are computationally deficient in that they fail to generate, or learn, appropriate perceptual representations under certain circumstances. An alternative neural network architecture is presented here in which nodes compete for the right to receive inputs rather than for the right to generate outputs. This form of competition, implemented through preintegration lateral inhibition, does provide appropriate coding properties and can be used to learn such representations efficiently. Furthermore, this architecture is consistent with both neuroanatomical and neurophysiological data. We thus argue that preintegration lateral inhibition has computational advantages over conventional neural network architectures while remaining equally biologically plausible.
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Linartas, Darius. "SOVIETINIO LAIKOTARPIO ARCHITEKTŪROS KONKURSŲ RAIDOS APŽVALGA." JOURNAL OF ARCHITECTURE AND URBANISM 33, no. 1 (March 31, 2009): 39–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/13921630.2009.33.39-47.
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The paper deals with the main architectural competitions of the soviet period (1945–1990) in Lithuania. Referring to particular examples, efforts are made to identify development regularities of competitions at different stages of the soviet period, find out a relationship with the general architectural situation, discuss changes, to make a comparison with competitions of other historical epochs as well as to define their influence on the architecture and architects in Lithuania of that time. Peculiarities of competitions related to urbanistic projects, buildings and monuments representing both the early and “mature” socialism are introduced. Without attempting to list and examine in detail each creative competition of this era, efforts are made to perceive the essential principles of the very competition system of the soviet period. Problematicity related to “dead” projects, non-transparency of competitions and disregard of copyright typical to the Soviet times are discussed. Santrauka Straipsnyje aptariami svarbesni sovietinio periodo (1945–1990 m.) architektūros konkursai Lietuvoje. Peržvelgiami ankstyvojo ir vėlyvojo socializmo urbanistinių, pastatų, monumentų konkursų ypatumai. Apra[sbreve]omai epochai būdinga „mirusių“ projektų, konkursų nerezultatyvumo ir neskaidrumo problematika. Remiantis esmingesniais konkrečių kūrybinių varžybų pavyzdžiais bandoma atsekti konkursų raidos dėsningumus įvairiais laikotarpio etapais, rasti santykį su bendra laikmečio geopolitine situacija, aptarti pokyčius, palyginti su kitų istorinių periodų konkursais, nustatyti galimą reik[sbreve]mę to meto Lietuvos architektūros vystymuisi ir architektų tobulėjimui.
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Grigorieva, Anna. "International Architecture News." проект байкал, no. 65 (January 5, 2021): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.51461/projectbaikal.65.1665.
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The news section presents the winners of The Daylight Award 2020 and The Kaira Looro Competition, and announces the theme of The 2A Continental Architectural Awards 2020, which will be conducted virtually this year.
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Van den Briel, M. H. L., and S. Kambhampati. "Optiplan: Unifying IP-based and Graph-based Planning." Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research 24 (December 29, 2005): 919–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1613/jair.1698.
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The Optiplan planning system is the first integer programming-based planner that successfully participated in the international planning competition. This engineering note describes the architecture of Optiplan and provides the integer programming formulation that enabled it to perform reasonably well in the competition. We also touch upon some recent developments that make integer programming encodings significantly more competitive.
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Dayan, Peter, and Richard S. Zemel. "Competition and Multiple Cause Models." Neural Computation 7, no. 3 (May 1995): 565–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/neco.1995.7.3.565.
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If different causes can interact on any occasion to generate a set of patterns, then systems modeling the generation have to model the interaction too. We discuss a way of combining multiple causes that is based on the Integrated Segmentation and Recognition architecture of Keeler et al. (1991). It is more cooperative than the scheme embodied in the mixture of experts architecture, which insists that just one cause generate each output, and more competitive than the noisy-or combination function, which was recently suggested by Saund (1994a,b). Simulations confirm its efficacy.
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Saleh, Muhammad Prakarsa Al Qadr, and Sofia Dewi. "Design of Enterprise Information System Architecture with Oracle Architecture Development Process (OADP) Case Study in Vocational High Schools." International Journal of Quantitative Research and Modeling 1, no. 4 (December 5, 2020): 217–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.46336/ijqrm.v1i4.80.
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The development of information and communication technology has led to increasingly competitive competition among organizations. The management of the organization is required to build and develop a fast, precise and accurate information system (IS) to assist business activities in achieving organizational goals and providing services to stakeholders, especially in relation to data, information, technology and applications. ORACLE Architecture Development Process (OADP) is a method or frame of reference for building an information architecture oriented to business needs. This consists of the data architecture, applications, technology and implementation plans of the architectures that have been created to support business activities in achieving the organization mission. The OADP describes the data architecture, applications and technology required to support the organization business. Vocational High Schools cannot be separated from the needs of business and information architecture. A lot of information is generated from all processes that occur in the Vocational High School environment every day but the existing data management is not efficient because it has not been thoroughly connected. This may take a long time to process past data or calculate future needs because the data management process is still running separately. Because of these cases, the modeling information architecture in an organizational environment is required as a stage in supporting the running of business processes in the organization.
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Al Qadr Saleh, Muhammad Prakarsa, and Sofia Dewi. "Design of Enterprise Information System Architecture with Oracle Architecture Development Process (OADP) Case Study in Vocational High Schools." International Journal of Quantitative Research and Modeling 1, no. 4 (December 2, 2020): 217–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.46336/ijqrm.v1i4.93.
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The development of information and communication technology has led to increasingly competitive competition among organizations. The management of the organization is required to build and develop a fast, precise and accurate information system (IS) to assist business activities in achieving organizational goals and providing services to stakeholders, especially in relation to data, information, technology and applications. ORACLE Architecture Development Process (OADP) is a method or frame of reference for building an information architecture oriented to business needs. This consists of the data architecture, applications, technology and implementation plans of the architectures that have been created to support business activities in achieving the organization mission. The OADP describes the data architecture, applications and technology required to support the organization business. Vocational High Schools cannot be separated from the needs of business and information architecture. A lot of information is generated from all processes that occur in the Vocational High School environment every day but the existing data management is not efficient because it has not been thoroughly connected. This may take a long time to process past data or calculate future needs because the data management process is still running separately. Because of these cases, the modeling information architecture in an organizational environment is required as a stage in supporting the running of business processes in the organization.
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Saleh, Muhammad Prakarsa Al Qadr, and Sofia Dewi. "Design of Enterprise Information System Architecture with Oracle Architecture Development Process (OADP) Case Study in Vocational High Schools." International Journal of Quantitative Research and Modeling 1, no. 4 (December 5, 2020): 217–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.46336/ijqrm.v1i4.80.
Full textAbstract:
The development of information and communication technology has led to increasingly competitive competition among organizations. The management of the organization is required to build and develop a fast, precise and accurate information system (IS) to assist business activities in achieving organizational goals and providing services to stakeholders, especially in relation to data, information, technology and applications. ORACLE Architecture Development Process (OADP) is a method or frame of reference for building an information architecture oriented to business needs. This consists of the data architecture, applications, technology and implementation plans of the architectures that have been created to support business activities in achieving the organization mission. The OADP describes the data architecture, applications and technology required to support the organization business. Vocational High Schools cannot be separated from the needs of business and information architecture. A lot of information is generated from all processes that occur in the Vocational High School environment every day but the existing data management is not efficient because it has not been thoroughly connected. This may take a long time to process past data or calculate future needs because the data management process is still running separately. Because of these cases, the modeling information architecture in an organizational environment is required as a stage in supporting the running of business processes in the organization.
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Hyunchul Kim. "Eco-Car Competition : Will Toyota’s Architecture Strategy Work?" Productivity Review 25, no. 4 (December 2011): 295–316. http://dx.doi.org/10.15843/kpapr.25.4.201112.295.
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Suzuki, Youya. "Architecture of Totalitarian Epoch in 1930s - 1940s in Japan." Observatory of Culture, no. 1 (February 28, 2014): 75–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.25281/2072-3156-2014-0-1-75-81.
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Considers the situation of coexistence of various stylistic trends in architecture in Japan in the second quarter of the XX century. Features of the search of national identity and the development of architecture in Japan generally lined with global trends are shown by the example of three key architectural objects of the time: the buildings of Parliament of Japan, the main building of the Imperial museum in Tokyo and the competition on “the Monument of the Great Eastern Asia”
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Widyastuti, Ratna Sri, and Boedi Armanto. "BANKING INDUSTRY COMPETITION IN INDONESIA." Buletin Ekonomi Moneter dan Perbankan 15, no. 4 (September 23, 2013): 401–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.21098/bemp.v15i4.433.
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This paper analyzes the competition level of banking industry, prior and after the introduction of Indonesian Banking Architecture (API). Using panel data, the result shows the competition of banking decreased after the introduction of API, with large tendency to monopoly or collusive olligopoly. For the bank with niche market such as regional bank and mix bank, the introduction of API did not affect much, while the competition level for foreign bank is the lowest one. Non price variable would be the main determinant on banking competition in the future, including number of branches, wage and credit volume. Keywords: banking competition, market structure, Indonesian Banking Architecture (API).JEL Classification: C23, D40, E44, E58, G21, L11
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González-Santamarta, Miguel Á., Francisco J. Rodríguez-Lera, Claudia Álvarez-Aparicio, Ángel M. Guerrero-Higueras, and Camino Fernández-Llamas. "MERLIN a Cognitive Architecture for Service Robots." Applied Sciences 10, no. 17 (August 29, 2020): 5989. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10175989.
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Many social robots deployed in public spaces hide hybrid cognitive architectures for dealing with daily tasks. Mostly, two main blocks sustain these hybrid architectures for robot behavior generation: deliberative and behavioral-based mechanisms. Robot Operating System offers different solutions for implementing these blocks, however, some issues arise when both are released in the robot. This paper presents a software engineering approach for normalizing the process of integrating them and presenting them as a fully cognitive architecture named MERLIN. Providing implementation details and diagrams for established the architecture, this research tests empirically the proposed solution using a variation from the challenge defined in the SciRoc @home competition. The results validate the usability of our approach and show MERLIN as a hybrid architecture ready for short and long-term tasks, showing better results than using a by default approach, particularly when it is deployed in highly interactive scenarios.
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Martin-Chavez, Andrea. "Downtown Mexico City: An Experience Teaching Open Building." Open House International 31, no. 2 (June 1, 2006): 55–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ohi-02-2006-b0007.
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After more than five years of teaching Open Building to students in the last year of their architectural training we have learned one thing: it is easier to master the Open Building methodologies if we first apply some of its main ideas to extract the urban and architectural rules from the reality and only afterwards, students have an easier time learning and applying the methodology to make new OB design proposals. To achieve this we work either in downtown Mexico City or in other Mexican colonial cities where the historical urban fabric provides an easier reading of the urban and architectural typologies. In this article I am going to talk about our last year's teaching experience and the results we achieved. There are three main objectives to be met in this last year of architectural training. The main one is to deal with socially relevant problems that involve real communities. The second one is that the teaching resembles the practice of architecture as much as possible. And one that we have added to the curricula is to train students to understand, learn and apply OB ideas in their urban and architectural work. Architectural competitions have turned into important part of the practice. For that reason we encourage students to enter at least one of the multiple options that occur during the year. This time there was the opportunity to enter a competition aimed for students organized by ARQUINE (a well known international trimester architectural publication). The competition objective was to design studios and housing for art students in an empty lot in historical downtown Mexico City. To achieve the objectives of the course, as well as to participate in the competition, we divided the course in three parts. In the first part students made an urban diagnosis of the area, a site analysis and a design proposal for the competition. In the second part they studied traditional housing vecindades as well as the families living in that particular area. They applied the support idea to these typologies to get acquainted with the generals of the method. In the third part they studied the methodology thoroughly to be able to design a support building to relocate the studied families. In the end, each student designed a different support building in an empty lot nearby to the studied area. In our experience, students are very enthusiastic and responsible when working with users and applying OB ideas. Most students from this last generation are now working in housing related agencies. Two of these students work for the Mexican Architectural Association and recently promoted a new competition jointly with the local government Program of Housing Improvement. The competition goal is to design incremental housing in the periphery or in downtown areas, avoiding prototypes. They are strongly supporting the use of OB ideas for the competition and this year's students will participate in it.
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Mikelsone, Ilze. "ARCHITECTURAL COMPETITIONS AS AN INSTRUMENT FOR HERITAGE PROTECTION: THE DYNAMICS OF COMPETITION TAXONOMY." Journal of Architecture and Urbanism 40, no. 4 (December 14, 2016): 272–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/20297955.2016.1246985.
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Various concepts of preserving the cultural and historical environment of the Historical centre of Riga have been documented within the last century period, including the international status as item No. 852 on the UNESCO World heritage list. The Riga Historical Centre Preservation and Protection Law was created as one of the mechanisms for the preservation of the status, which, among other notions, makes the procedure of architectural competitions mandatory. The territory, being part of the list, contains listings that it should consider in terms of value. Under such context the competition not only determines the competition for the best and serves as formal instrument for hindering hasty or inappropriate development, but also is public interpretation of the contemporary architectural values in contra dictionary aspects. The purpose is to analyse the structure of competition procedure instrument and relation to the specifics of the heritage and contemporary challenges. The study uses 75 competitions briefs and jury protocols proceeding in period 2004–2014, in the territory of urban heritage. The results demonstrate taxonomy1 of systemic listings of architectural properties followed by expert voting form as the main mechanism for results.
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Marriage, Guy. "Solar Decathlon. Interdisciplinary and collaborative research competing on a world stage." Journal of Public Space 2, no. 3 (December 9, 2017): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.5204/jps.v2i3.111.
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<p>The Solar Decathlon is an international student competition requiring university-led interdisciplinary student teams to research, design, build and operate a solar-powered house. Projects like this are highly competitive but have significant learning benefits for those involved. The Decathlon requires a wide range of student skills and so is by nature highly interdisciplinary. To win requires a significant amount of collaboration between team members who must rapidly accumulate specialised knowledge of diverse fields including solar design. This paper looks at the Solar Decathlon 2011 project submitted by Victoria University of Wellington, New Zealand, examines the pedagogical methodologies used, and debates the usefulness of this type of interdisciplinary and collaborative project for students of a school of architecture. It notes the difficulties placed on integration of a single-project focus on the wider scope of a typical architectural education and proposes that the broader degree curriculum may benefit from evolving to better accommodate the flexibility needed for targeted design-led research competitions such as the Solar Decathlon.</p>
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Jones, Peter Blundell. "Reflections on the competition for National Centre for Popular Music, Sheffield." Architectural Research Quarterly 1, no. 4 (1996): 16–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1359135500003043.
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For many years, architects in the United Kingdom have looked enviously at the competition system in the German speaking countries and Scandinavia. Now, with the introduction of a major public buildings programme partially funded by the new National Lottery, competitions are becoming more common in Britain. This paper opens with some reflections on the advantages and disadvantages of competitions. It then describes the conduct and outcome of a single Lottery-funded competition for the design of a building for which there were no precedents and in which issues of content and image were major preoccupations for both designers and assessors.
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Javadi, Mohammad Hossain Moshref, Maedeh Rabbanimehr, and Majid Foruzan. "Designing a Model for Processes Reengineering through Applying Agility Enterprise Architecture Framework and Priority of its Implementation Phases." International Journal of Human Resource Studies 2, no. 4 (December 23, 2012): 238. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/ijhrs.v2i4.2934.
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In the current condition of the world and with regards to the world competition, organizational existence has become the most important problem of the managers. The success secret of current organizations depends on setting their ultimate goals and objectives outside of the organization. In another word, in a safe organization, goal is to serve its customers. In this regard, the meaning of agility is to reach customer’s wants and desires by wastages elimination in all sections of the organization. Therefore, sometimes an organizations in order to reach such objectives need to implement fundamental changes.Agility enterprise architecture is an architectural framework for organizational reengineering in designing, developing, integrating and performing a agility organization in applying systems engineering methods. With regards to the discussion of information technology and systems engineering in today’s organizations which is considered important. In this article, it is tried to study processes reengineering with the use of agility enterprise architectural reengineering framework with focusing on competitive intelligence and its practical phases. Eventually, reasons for importance of agility enterprise architecture, summary and results along with propositions will be explained. The research results indicated that the proposed framework has some benefits which among the most important ones are: Improvement quality in organization, delivering just in time of goods, enhancing customer satisfaction, wastages elimination and as a results decreasing costs. Overall, the benefits gained from this model can create stability in the world competition.Key words: Processes reengineering, enterprise architecture, agility production, competitive intelligence, AHP
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Lochhead, Ian. "Unbuilt Sixties: The Unsuccessful Entries in the Christchurch Town Hall Competition." Architectural History Aotearoa 2 (March 16, 2021): 23–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.26686/aha.v2i0.6708.
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The completion of the Christchurch Town Hall in 1972 marked the end of a process which had begun in 1964 with a national competition, the largest and most prestigious of the post-war era in New Zealand and one of the major architectural events of the 1960s. Although Warren and Mahoney's winning design has assumed a prominent place in New Zealand architecture, unsuccessful designs by among others, Pascoe & Linton; Lawry & Sellars; Austin, Dixon & Pepper; Gabites & Beard and Thorpe, Cutter, Pickmere, Douglas & Partners, are virtually forgotten. These designs deserve to be better known since they offer an invaluable insight into the range of architectural approaches being employed during the mid sixties. Standing apart from the short listed designs is Peter Beaven's more widely published entry, which was singled out by the jury as being especially meritorious. The paper will examine unrealised designs for the Christchurch Town Hall in the context of contemporary attitudes towards concert hall and civic centre design. Approaches ranged from the Miesian international modernism of Lawry and Sellars to the sculptural forms of Beaven's proposal in which influences as diverse as Aalto, Scharoun and Mountfort are strikingly integrated. The paper will also assess Warren and Mahoney's unbuilt civic centre design within the framework of the competition entries as a whole. Such unbuilt designs constitute an important, but largely invisible part of the architecture of the 1960s and deserve to be re-inscribed within in the history of the period.
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Marin, Marcele, André Boeira Ivanov, Carlos Alexandre de Souza Gonçalves, and Samuel Silva de Brito. "Floatainer, plataforma modular flutuante: proposta ao concurso UnBox 2017." Ciência e Natura 40 (March 12, 2019): 232. http://dx.doi.org/10.5902/2179460x35525.
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This article aims to present a proposal recently designed by students of the Architecture and Urbanism Course of the Federal University of Santa Maria Campus of Cachoeira do Sul in an international competition of architecture and design promoted by the portal Volume Zero, “UnBox 2017”, wich proposed ways to creatively rethink the discard of containers in the contemporary world. The final result was punctuated by a distinguished architecture value, especially due to the flexibility of its program and its deployment location. However, its highest value is its social importance: the materiality is mainly composed of reused elements - containers and plastic drums (chosen precisely because of its reusable character, just as containers) -, making it environmentally, socially and economically sustainable. Another pertinence factor to be explored is the resulting knowledge to the students through the participation in competitions of architecture and design. Therefore, the practice of participation in competitions that stimulate creativity, innovation and the search for tools for sustainable development is considered totally positive.
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Muir, Dylan R., and Matthew Cook. "Anatomical Constraints on Lateral Competition in Columnar Cortical Architectures." Neural Computation 26, no. 8 (August 2014): 1624–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/neco_a_00613.
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Competition is a well-studied and powerful mechanism for information processing in neuronal networks, providing noise rejection, signal restoration, decision making and associative memory properties, with relatively simple requirements for network architecture. Models based on competitive interactions have been used to describe the shaping of functional properties in visual cortex, as well as the development of functional maps in columnar cortex. These models require competition within a cortical area to occur on a wider spatial scale than cooperation, usually implemented by lateral inhibitory connections having a longer range than local excitatory connections. However, measurements of cortical anatomy reveal that the spatial extent of inhibition is in fact more restricted than that of excitation. Relatively few models reflect this, and it is unknown whether lateral competition can occur in cortical-like networks that have a realistic spatial relationship between excitation and inhibition. Here we analyze simple models for cortical columns and perform simulations of larger models to show how the spatial scales of excitation and inhibition can interact to produce competition through disynaptic inhibition. Our findings give strong support to the direct coupling effect—that the presence of competition across the cortical surface is predicted well by the anatomy of direct excitatory and inhibitory coupling and that multisynaptic network effects are negligible. This implies that for networks with short-range inhibition and longer-range excitation, the spatial extent of competition is even narrower than the range of inhibitory connections. Our results suggest the presence of network mechanisms that focus on intra-rather than intercolumn competition in neocortex, highlighting the need for both new models and direct experimental characterizations of lateral inhibition and competition in columnar cortex.
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Norwood, Bryan E. "On Competition." Journal of Architectural Education 73, no. 2 (July 3, 2019): 254–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10464883.2019.1633206.
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Butragueño Díaz-Guerra, Belén, Javier Fco Raposo Grau, and María Asunción Salgado de la Rosa. "Polyhedral communication in architecture." Advances in Building Education 5, no. 1 (April 16, 2021): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.20868/abe.2021.1.4566.
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There are multiple communicative strategies in architecture depending on the target audience. The mechanisms of representation may radically vary when the recipient is the client, the constructor, the curator, a colleague or even an instructor (1). As an example, the approach may be mainly visual when the target is the client. However, it may be strictly structural to start a conversation with a peer ad mostly conceptual when pointing to the jury members in a competition. In certain cases, the adaptation of the graphic language to the different scenarios leads to such a distortion on the message that the original project is hardly recognizable. To illustrate this point, the article will focus on the project of the Public Seattle Library, designed by the architect Rem Koolhaas. The analysis of five different communicative strategies of the project show peculiar and unequal graphic narrations: from the concept book of the competition, the website of LMN (the American partners of Rem Koolhaas- OMA in this particular project), the website of OMA, the coverage on the Seattle press, the Library Brochure for teenagers and the approach developed on the "Content" book. Rem Koolhaas coined the concept of "design of information" to express the fundamental relationship between the message and media in architecture. In his practice, the communicative strategy is present from the beginning of the design process till the final stages. In this article, the thoughtful comparison of these examples will enable to extract conclusions on the use of communication in architectural design and reflect on the iconic and communicative dimension of architecture in general.
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Yu., Filipchuk, and Kubai R. "DESIGN RESULTS OF CULTURAL AND EDUCATIONAL, THEATRICAL AND ENTERTAINMENT BUILDINGS." Architectural Studies 6, no. 1 (September 1, 2020): 143–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/as2020.01.143.
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theatrical and entertainment buildings, designed by teachers and students of the Department of architectural environmental design, Institute of Architecture, National University of Lviv Polytechnic. Nowadays, the theater architectural industry in Ukraine that specializes in youth audiences and students has no clear answer to the question of what the architecture of contemporary theater for children and young people should be and what functional colors and scenographic palette it should include. The theatrical architecture of buildings for children and youth in modern Ukraine continues to be a copy of the building since the Soviet Union. At the beginning of the 21st century nothing new appeared except analogs of the Theater of Young Spectators and the Puppet Theater of the former era. The analysis of more than 25 projects of all ranks has shown that most of them are based not only on the ideas of architects of the second half of the twentieth century but also those that made up a network of cultural and educational, theatrical and spectacular buildings in the former USSR. However, in recent years the projects of the Lviv School of Architecture, and especially after the creation of the Department of Architectural Environmental Design, have changed direction towards finding solutions for the architecture of the future. Evidence of the results of both educational, competitive design and the creation of special courses that reanimate the ideas of the architecture of futurists of the twentieth century - F. Kiesler, I. Leonidov and other architects of futurists in the applied sphere A. Quarmby, K. Tange, B. Fuller and those engaged in the search for architecture, which is at least partially called the architecture of the future - G. Holmin, Wolf D. Prix, G. Krieger. The materials of the article highlight the main principles of designing cultural and educational, theatrical, and entertainment centers in the 21st century. The author outlines the factors that continue to harm the future development of cultural and educational, theatrical, and entertainment centers in Ukraine. Highlighted experience of designing search, educational and competition projects on the example of the activity of the Department of architectural environmental design proves that it can find application in the applied architectural and construction industry of the country as a whole.
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Leitāne-Šmīdberga, Linda. "CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF PUBLICATIONS ON ARCHITECTURAL COMPETITION PRACTICE IN LATVIA, 1859–2013 / PUBLIKACIJŲ APIE ARCHITEKTŪRINIŲ KONKURSŲ PRAKTIKĄ LATVIJOJE BRUOŽAI, 1859–2013." Mokslas – Lietuvos ateitis 7, no. 1 (May 6, 2015): 101–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/mla.2015.708.
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The competition practice has been rather extensively published, as publications on architectural competitions are inseparable from the competition process itself. They are a significant part of representation that explicitly promotes understanding of the design, realization and implementation process, and are a way to communicate the project to the client, jury, community and authorities. Yet, there have always been insufficient consistent critical discussions on the architecture and planning discourse in Latvia, neither on competitions, nor on the related publications. The purpose of the paper is to distinguish features that characterize publications on architectural competitions in Latvia. Methodological principles and systematization of the materials have been carried out according to the historical and logical approach method based on studies of the collected examples and sources of over 1,000 publications on 960 competitions of the past 160 years. The paper systematizes publications on competition practice over the several time periods in Latvia (Russian Empire 1859–1918, Independence 1918–34, Authoritarian Regime 1934–40, Soviet Period 1940–90 and the Second Independence 1991–2013) according to their topics, the author’s professional profiles, type and content and, eventually their characteristic style. Insights into the development of local competition practice through related publications help to explain the formation of a significant part of the local architectural and urban discourse, as its understanding is partially determined by the plurality of representations and interpretations. Apie konkursų praktiką gana plačiai rašyta kaip neatskiriamą architektūrinių konkursų proceso dalį. Tai reikšminga sritis, padedanti aiškiai suprasti projekto, realizacijos ir įgyvendinimo momentus ir palaikanti kliento, vertinimo komisijos (žiuri), bendruomenės ir valdžios atstovų saitus. Tačiau Latvijoje nepakanka nuoseklių kritinių diskusijų architektūros ir planavimo diskurse nei apie konkursus, nei apie susijusias publikacijas. Straipsnio tikslas – pateikti būdingus publikacijų apie Latvijos architektūros konkursus bruožus. Sisteminant medžiagą vadovautasi istoriniu ir loginio požiūrio metodu, grindžiant surinkta medžiaga ir šaltiniais iš daugiau kaip tūkstančio publikacijų apie 960 architektūros konkursų, įvykusių Latvijoje per pastaruosius 160 metų. Straipsnyje publikacijos apie konkursų praktiką įvairiais Latvijos istorijos laikotarpiais (Rusijos imperija, 1859–1918; nepriklausoma Latvija, 1918–1934; autoritarinis režimas, 1934–1940; sovietinis laikotarpis, 1940–1990 ir atkurta nepriklausoma Latvija, 1991–2013) sisteminamos atsižvelgiant į jų tematiką, pobūdį ir turinį ir, žinoma, jiems būdingus stilius, taip pat autorių profesinę sritį. Vietinių konkursų praktikos įžvalgos iš publikacijų labai padeda paaiškinti, kaip formavosi vietos architektūros ir urbanistinis diskursas. Jo suvokimą iš dalies lemia pristatymų ir interpretacijų įvairovė.
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Widyastuti, Ratna Sri, and Boedi Armanto. "KOMPETISI INDUSTRI PERBANKAN INDONESIA." Buletin Ekonomi Moneter dan Perbankan 15, no. 4 (September 23, 2013): 417–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.21098/bemp.v15i4.74.
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This paper analyzes the competition level of banking industry, prior and after the introduction of Indonesian Banking Architecture (API). Using panel data, the result shows the competition of banking decreased after the introduction of API, with large tendency to monopoly or collusive olligopoly. For the bank with niche market such as regional bank and mix bank, the introduction of API did not affect much, while the competition level for foreign bank is the lowest one. Non price variable would be the main determinant on banking competition in the future, including number of branches, wage and credit volume. Keywords: banking competition, market structure, Indonesian Banking Architecture (API).JEL Classification: C23, D40, E44, E58, G21, L11
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Ming, Xiaobo, Haizhen Pan, and Yun Wu. "Design and Implementation of Campus Competition Information Sharing Platform Based on Android." MATEC Web of Conferences 267 (2019): 02011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201926702011.
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At present, the market share of the Android system in the smartphone operating system has reached 90%. In view of the limitations of the existing sharing platform for campus competition information, a campus APP, which integrates competition and activity information release, information sharing and interrogative interaction, is put forward. In this paper, the overall architecture design, function module design, database design and RESTful API design are carried out. The Java language and MVP pattern are used by Android part. Python language, RESTful architecture and ORM technology are used at the backend to realize the information of publishing competition information, the list of competition information, the information of search competition and the management of competition information. The platform is running on the North Campus of Guizhou University, the current operation situation is well.
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Megayanti, Trias, Tutin Aryanti, and NItih Indra Komala Dewi. "PEER GROUP JUDGING: THE IMPLEMENTATION OF GROUP PIN-UP IN ARCHITECTURE DESIGN STUDIO." Journal of Architectural Research and Education 1, no. 1 (April 11, 2019): 68. http://dx.doi.org/10.17509/jare.v1i1.15808.
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The architecture design studio is a core course in architectural learning that trains students' abilities in the architectural design process. Unfortunately, students often fail to meet scheduled task targets, even though the time alloted is sufficient. This article examines the application of the group pin-up as a teaching method and its effectiveness in helping students meet deadlines for completing tasks in the Architecture Design III course, a studio attended by second year students. This study uses documents analysis (reviewing student design drawings to measure student achievement), and interviews (investigating changes in attitudes and perceptions of the students in pin-up group applications). We found that using the group pin-up strategy to impose an in-between deadline leads to improved discipline, better teamwork, and higher motivation due to competition in the group. This method is recommended in architectural design studios as a simulation practice for students before they move up and begin to work in the architecture profession.
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Milosavljević, Aleksandar. "Identification of Salt Deposits on Seismic Images Using Deep Learning Method for Semantic Segmentation." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 9, no. 1 (January 1, 2020): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi9010024.
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Several areas of Earth that are rich in oil and natural gas also have huge deposits of salt below the surface. Because of this connection, knowing precise locations of large salt deposits is extremely important to companies involved in oil and gas exploration. To locate salt bodies, professional seismic imaging is needed. These images are analyzed by human experts which leads to very subjective and highly variable renderings. To motivate automation and increase the accuracy of this process, TGS-NOPEC Geophysical Company (TGS) has sponsored a Kaggle competition that was held in the second half of 2018. The competition was very popular, gathering 3221 individuals and teams. Data for the competition included a training set of 4000 seismic image patches and corresponding segmentation masks. The test set contained 18,000 seismic image patches used for evaluation (all images are 101 × 101 pixels). Depth information of the sample location was also provided for every seismic image patch. The method presented in this paper is based on the author’s participation and it relies on training a deep convolutional neural network (CNN) for semantic segmentation. The architecture of the proposed network is inspired by the U-Net model in combination with ResNet and DenseNet architectures. To better comprehend the properties of the proposed architecture, a series of experiments were conducted applying standardized approaches using the same training framework. The results showed that the proposed architecture is comparable and, in most cases, better than these segmentation models.
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Clear, Tony. "Competition versus cooperation." ACM SIGCSE Bulletin 32, no. 4 (December 2000): 11–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/369295.369305.
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Kim, Na Yeon, Mark A. Pinsk, and Sabine Kastner. "Neural Basis of Biased Competition in Development: Sensory Competition in Visual Cortex of School-Aged Children." Cerebral Cortex 31, no. 6 (February 10, 2021): 3107–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhab009.
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Abstract The fundamental receptive field (RF) architecture in human visual cortex becomes adult-like by age 5. However, visuo-spatial functions continue to develop until teenage years. This suggests that, despite the early maturation of the RF structure, functional interactions within and across RFs may mature slowly. Here, we used fMRI to investigate functional interactions among multiple stimuli in the visual cortex of school children (ages 8 to 12) in the context of biased competition theory. In the adult visual system, multiple objects presented in the same visual field compete for neural representation. These competitive interactions occur at the level of the RF and are therefore closely linked to the RF architecture. Like in adults, we found suppression of evoked responses in children’s visual cortex when multiple stimuli were presented simultaneously. Such suppression effects were modulated by the spatial distance between the stimuli as a function of RF size across the visual system. Our findings suggest that basic competitive interactions in the visual cortex of children above age 8 operate in an adult-like manner, with subtle differences in early visual areas and area MT. Our study establishes a paradigm and provides baseline data to investigate the neural basis of visuo-spatial processing in typical and atypical development.