Journal articles: 'Architecture for disabled people'

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Gleń, Piotr, and Aleksandra Jarocka-Mikrut. "Architecture in daily functioning of disabled people with special emphasis." Budownictwo i Architektura 14, no. 2 (June 9, 2015): 037–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.35784/bud-arch.1642.

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This article aims to stir the problem of obstacles and inconveniences faced by people with disabilities (including with reduced mobility , elderly , deaf , visually impaired and blind). The aim is to draw attention to the role played by the designer , both the architect and creator of utilitarian objects in shaping the impact on the comfort of living together in society of people with a complete physical and disabled. The need for education and promote greater awareness of these " dysfunctions " should be developed through places where non-disabled person is able to face the everyday barriers disabled person. An important aspect is to create awareness architect in the field of universal design at the stage of studies. More attention should focus on the design of everyday objects for the disabled so as not to have to change them later by artificial means. The article focuses on the problems and the positive examples of solutions in the process of shaping the architecture tailored to the needs of such people. The aim is also analysis of urban solutions that favor their functioning in everyday life. The authors are also examples of architectural and urban planning from both the Polish and the world. They show the importance and contribution of the architect in creating private and public spaces that surround us every day.

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Chęć-Małyszek, Agnieszka. "Social exclusion of people with disabilities in the local community. Barrier-free architecture on the example of Rehabilitation and Leisure Center in Okuninka, Poland." Teka Komisji Architektury, Urbanistyki i Studiów Krajobrazowych 15, no. 3 (January 31, 2020): 59–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.35784/teka.585.

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The main barriers to the exclusion of people with disabilities from society are architectural, urban and social barriers of all kinds. Adapting areas and buildings to the needs of people with disabilities is one way of combating social exclusion and an important therapeutic element. In this paper the problem of social exclusion of people with disabilities due to architectural and psychological barriers (social prejudices) has been addressed. The Rehabilitation and Recreation Centre in Okuninka served as an example of a place fully adapted to the needs of the disabled, called barrier-free architecture.

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Zato, Carolina, Gabriel Villarrubia, Javier Bajo, and Juan Manuel Corchado. "An Integrated System for Disabled People Developed with the Agent Platform PANGEA." ADCAIJ: Advances in Distributed Computing and Artificial Intelligence Journal 2, no. 3 (November 27, 2013): 65–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.14201/adcaij2014266577.

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New trends in multi-agent systems call for self-adaptation and high dynamics, hence the new model of open MAS or virtual organization of agents. However, as existing agent platforms are not yet equipped to support this behavior, it is necessary to create new systems and mechanisms to facilitate the development of these new architectures. This article presents PANGEA, an agent platform to develop open multi-agent systems, specifically those including organizational aspects such as virtual agent organizations. The platform allows the integral management of organizations and offers tools to the end user. Additionally, it includes a communication protocol based on the IRC standard, which facilitates implementation and remains robust even with a large number of connections. The introduction of a CommunicationAgent and a Sniffer make it possible to offer Web Services for the distributed control of interaction. In order to test PANGEA, an integral system was developed to help the disabled, gathering a set of easily deployable and integrated services under a single architecture.

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Eichberg, Henning. "Disabled People in Play.Toward an Existential and Differential Phenomenology of Moving with Dis-Ease." Physical Culture and Sport. Studies and Research 65, no. 1 (March 1, 2015): 14–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pcssr-2015-0007.

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Abstract Disability has become an increasingly important field of investment for modern welfare policy-visible in architecture for wheelchair users as well as in budgets for health care. This documents a gain in solidarity, but it implies also some challenges of practical and philosophical character. Play and games (of, for, and with disabled people) make these challenges bodily. These challenges will here be explored in three steps. In the first step, we discover the paradoxes of equality and categorization, normalization and deviance in the understanding of disability. Ableism, a negative view on disability, is just around the corner. The Paralympic sports for disabled people make this visible. However, play with disabled people shows alternative ways. And it calls to our attention how little we know, so far, about how disabled people play. The second step leads to an existential phenomenology of disablement. Sport and play make visible to what degree the building of “handicap” is a cultural achievement. All human beings are born disabled and finally die disabled-and inbetween they create hindrances to make life dis-eased. Dis-ease is a human condition. However, and this is an important third step, disablement and dis-eased life are not just one, but highly differentiated. These differences are relevant for political practice and have to be recognized. Attention to differences opens up a differential phenomenology of disablement and of disabled people in play-as a basis for politics of recognition.

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Steele, Linda. "Disabling forensic mental health detention: The carcerality of the disabled body." Punishment & Society 19, no. 3 (November 25, 2016): 327–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1462474516680204.

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“Disabling” forensic detention involves challenging the self-evidence of the meaning of disability in forensic mental health law, and in turn illuminating the significance of this meaning to the possibility and permissibility of forensic detention and other interventions in the bodies of people designated with cognitive impairments and psychosocial disabilities (“people designated as disabled”). I apply this approach to an examination of a case study of one individual subjected to forensic detention: an Indigenous Australian woman with Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder, Roseanne Fulton. By examining Fulton’s forensic detention, in the context of her earlier life circumstances and her subsequent journey through various “alternatives” to this forensic detention I show the interrelationships of forensic detention with a range of legal options for punishing, regulating and intervening in designated as disabled bodies and situate these interrelationships in a broader range of issues of violence, institutional failure, social disadvantage, settler colonialism, and ableism. My central argument is that the ongoing subjection of Fulton to a range of forms of control across her life suggest that the possibility of forensic detention and other forms of punishment of people designated as disabled is not attached to a particular material architectural space or a particular court order, but instead attaches to these individuals’ bodies via medico-legal designations as disabled and travels with these individuals through time and space. I propose that more directly it is the disabled body that is the space of punishment and the disabled body makes material architectural spaces punitive. A “reform”, indeed even an “abolition”, approach focused on material architectural spaces of disabled punishment will not interrupt the ongoing processes of control of criminalized people designated as disabled if it does not also acknowledge and challenge the temporal and carnal logics underpinning the carcerality of the disabled body itself.

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Noble, C. Wycliffe. "Housing Policies for Disabled People in England. Trends in Architecture. The Influence of International Organisation." Journal of the Society of Biomechanisms 12, Special (1988): 43–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.3951/sobim.12.43_2.

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Karpov, V. E., D. G. Malakhov, A. D. Moscowsky, M. A. Rovbo, P. S. Sorokoumov, B. M. Velichkovsky, and V. L. Ushakov. "Architecture of a Wheelchair Control System for Disabled People: Towards Multifunctional Robotic Solution with Neurobiological Interfaces." Sovremennye tehnologii v medicine 11, no. 1 (March 2019): 90. http://dx.doi.org/10.17691/stm2019.11.1.11.

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MYASNIKOV, Ilya Rubenovich, Elena Mikhaylovna STAROBINA, and Lyudmila Alekseevna KARASAEVA. "AN INTEGRATED APPROACH TO THE ORGANIZATION OF ACCESSIBLE EDUCATIONAL ENVIRONMENT FOR PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES." Tambov University Review. Series: Humanities, no. 176 (2018): 29–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.20310/1810-0201-2018-23-176-29-38.

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We describe the main components that form an accessible educational environment for people with disabilities. Based on the analysis of the regulatory legal framework of education, social protection and rehabilitation of people with disabilities, as well as theoretical, procedural and medical-expert bases of disability, the characteristics of the interrelated elements of accessibility in the system of vocational education of people with disabilities is given. The main legal acts of the Russian Federation, as well as international acts regulating the provision of accessible education and employment for the disabled are considered. We reveal that vocational education of people with disabilities is at the same time an integral part of the system of vocational rehabilitation of disabled people. We also emphasize that the independent way of life of people with disabilities should be ensured through the accessibility of the physical, social, economic and cultural environment. The importance of the rehabilitation component of the accessible educational environment for the people with disabilities is highlighted. This component includes the provision of assistance to the disabled person in the development of professional educational programs, the solution of related learning problems, formation of professional, social and psychological maturity of the disabled person. The importance of technical means of rehabilitation and architectural and planning aspects in creating an accessible educational environment for the disabled is noted. Taking into account all the necessary components will allow to create a system of affordable and quality vocational education for people with disabilities.

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Morley, Louise, and Alison Croft. "Agency and Advocacy: Disabled Students in Higher Education in Ghana and Tanzania." Research in Comparative and International Education 6, no. 4 (January 1, 2011): 383–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.2304/rcie.2011.6.4.383.

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Between 10% and 15% of the world's population are thought to be disabled. The 2006 United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities is an example of emerging global policy architecture for human rights for disabled people. Article 24 states that disabled people should receive the support required to facilitate their effective education. In research, links between higher education access, equalities and disability are being explored by scholars of the sociology of higher education. However, with the exception of some small-scale studies from Zimbabwe, South Africa, Rwanda, Namibia, Uganda and Pakistan, literature tends to come from the global North. Yet there is a toxic correlation between disability and poverty – especially in the global South. This article is based on a review of the global literature on disability in higher education and interview findings from the project ‘Widening Participation in Higher Education in Ghana and Tanzania: developing an Equity Scorecard’, funded by the Economic and Social Research Council and the Department for International Development. A central finding was that while disability was associated with constraints, misrecognition, frustration, exclusion and even danger, students' agency, advocacy and achievement in higher education offered opportunities for transforming spoiled identities.

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Galkowski, Andrzej Edmund. "Architectural design of appropriate facilities for leisure activities of disabled people." International Disability Studies 9, no. 2 (January 1987): 85–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/03790798709166245.

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Wrana, Jan. "Forms of therapy of disabled children and role of architecture in this process." Budownictwo i Architektura 14, no. 1 (March 10, 2015): 135–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.35784/bud-arch.1679.

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The article presents the examples of the different forms of education in the period of building a civil society, and the deliberate creation of equal opportunities and development of the child, foster the construction of curriculum system: "To better developed skills supported the efforts in improving the function of a child with disabilities." Formed integration education and sports centres, primary and secondary s with all facilities where children are educated together in full working order and state disability after diagnosis (with no significant motor impairment), assisted activity of school and educational centres which preparing young people with mild mental retardation - to practical profession, allowing them to actively participate in social life. There has also been a specialist center - Special care for musically gifted children with varying degrees of disability (deaf, visually impaired, cerebral palsy, autism) which appear on stage as an equal alongside the winners of the competitions.

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Sendra, Sandra, Emilio Granell, Jaime Lloret, and Joel J. P. C. Rodrigues. "Smart Collaborative Mobile System for Taking Care of Disabled and Elderly People." Mobile Networks and Applications 19, no. 3 (June 4, 2013): 287–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11036-013-0445-z.

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13

Zainol, Halmi, Haryati Mohd Isa, Siti Rashidah Md Sakip, and Ainaa Azmi. "Social Sustainable Accessibility for Disabled Person through Sustainable Development Goals in Malaysia." Asian Journal of Quality of Life 4, no. 16 (April 30, 2019): 47–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.21834/ajqol.v4i16.195.

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The sustainable design for accessibility is essential in all aspects of physical development. The accessibility of social sustainable for people with disabilities (PWDs) is essential to ensure that they do not feel segregated from the community. The facilities provided must be user-friendly at places where they live and work. Although there are common facilities for PWDs, most of them do not function well and are not convenient to be used by the disabled people. One primary way to assist them to be self-dependent and self-reliant is to improve the accessibility for people with disabilities at public transport stations. Keywords: Social; Sustainable; Disabled; PWDs eISSN 2398-4279 © 2019. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/ajqol.v4i16.195

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Boguszewski, Dariusz, Jakub Grzegorz Adamczyk, Andrzej Ochal, Beata Kurkowska, and Krzysztof Kamiński. "Evaluation of chosen health behaviors of disabled athletes." Advances in Rehabilitation 25, no. 4 (December 1, 2011): 57–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/rehab-2013-0021.

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Abstract Introduction: A purpose of the work was diagnosis of chosen lifestyle elements of disabled athletes, compared to inactive disabled persons, characterized by similar kind and the degree of disability. Material and methods: The questionnaire survey was conducted on 150 disabled persons (31 women; 119 men), from among 98 were active athletes (wheelchair fencing n=32; wheelchair rugby n=31; table tennis n=14; basketball n=9 and other disciplines n=12). Totally 52 inactive disabled persons were in a control group. Juczyński’s Inventory of Healthy Behavior (IHB - where health behaviors are being judged in four categories: eating habits, preventive behaviors, the psychological attitude and health practice) and an author's questionnaire about lifestyle were used as a research tool. Results: Results show that physically active persons are paying the greater attention to healthy lifestyle than non-active. The total rate of health behaviors (HBR) was higher in the group of athletes (p=0.071). The biggest differences (p=0.000) were noted in eating habits and the smallest in preventive behaviors (p=0.408). Disabled athletes more easily cope with typical problems of the everyday life (like architectural barriers, social isolation). Also they have more often undertake paid work and take part in other fields (culture, tourism). Conclusions: During examination a positive effect of the practicing sport on health behaviors, the frame of mind, self-assessment and participation in the social and professional life was proved. So it seems reasonable to promote sport and physical activity among disables people.

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Zainol, Halmi, Haryati Mohd Isa, Siti Rashidah Md Sakip, and Ainaa Azmi. "Social Sustainable Accessibility for People with Disabilities at Public Transport Stations through Sustainable Development Goals in Malaysia." Environment-Behaviour Proceedings Journal 3, no. 9 (November 22, 2018): 89. http://dx.doi.org/10.21834/e-bpj.v3i9.1499.

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It is important to consider sustainable design for accessibility in all aspects of physical development. The accessibility of social sustainable for people with disabilities (PWDs) is essential to ensure that they do not feel segregated from the community. The facilities provided must be user-friendly at places where they live and work. Although there are common facilities for PWDs, most of them do not function well and are not convenient to be used by the disabled people. One primary way to assist them to be self-dependent and self-reliant is to improve the accessibility for people with disabilities at public transport stationsKeywords: Social; Sustainable; Disabled; PWDseISSN: 2398-4287 © 2018. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.https://doi.org/10.21834/e-bpj.v3i9.1499

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Nascimento, Vagner Ferreira do, Rosângela Aparecida Gonçalves, Walber Gineli de Jesus, Bianca Carvalho da Graça, Ana Cláudia Pereira Terças-Trettel, and Thalise Yuri Hattori. "Accessibility Residence of Disabled People to the Health Unit." Journal of Health Sciences 21, no. 3 (September 24, 2019): 255. http://dx.doi.org/10.17921/2447-8938.2019v21n3p255-259.

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AbstractThe objective of the study was to know the accessibility of people with disabilities to the family health unit. This is an observational, descriptive study with a qualitative approach. Made in suburban neighborhoods in the largest municipality in the northern region of Mato Grosso. Data collection took place in March 2016, through an observation script and measuring instruments. The images were interpreted by iconographic analysis. It has been verified that the route of the residence of the disabled to the health unit, has many obstacles that can make the circulation unfeasible. This fact gives these people the tendency to lose their autonomy, since there will be the need of third parties help. Thus, they end up risking amid urban imperfections and irregularities and this trend to entail new possibilities of damages. They can also opt for other routes with fewer barriers, but more distant and dangerous. It is undeniable that the best way to reduce barriers is the movement of social inclusion, particularly in the planning of buildings and public mobility with greater accessibility, in the knowledge / reflection of the needs of the disabled person, support to families and articulation with the present social devices in the community. In addition, health professionals, especially nurses, play a key role in establishing links, so they can devise strategies to minimize such obstacles, while at the same time relieving moments of anguish and pain.Keywords: Health Services Accessibility. Disabled Persons. Architectural Accessibility.ResumoO objetivo do estudo foi conhecer a acessibilidade de pessoas com deficiência da residência à unidade de saúde da família. Trata-se de estudo observacional, descritivo e com abordagem qualitativa. Realizado em bairros de periferia no maior município da região médio norte de Mato Grosso. A coleta de dados ocorreu em março de 2016, mediante roteiro de observação e instrumentos de medição. As imagens foram interpretadas pela análise iconográfica. Verificou-se que o percurso da residência das pessoas com deficiência à unidade de saúde, possui muitos obstáculos que podem inviabilizar a circulação. Esse fato propicia à essas pessoas tendência a perder sua autonomia, visto que, haverá necessidade do auxílio de terceiros ajuda. Assim, acabam se arriscando em meio as imperfeições e irregularidades urbanísticas e isso tende a acarretar novas possibilidades de danos. Podem ainda, optar por outros trajetos com menos barreiras, porém mais distantes e perigosos. É inegável que a melhor forma de redução das barreiras seja o movimento de inclusão social, particularmente no planejamento de edificações e mobilidade pública com maior acessibilidade, no conhecimento/reflexão das necessidades da pessoa com deficiência, apoio às famílias e articulação com os dispositivos sociais presentes na comunidade. Além disso, o profissional de saúde, em especial os enfermeiros, possuem papel fundamental no estabelecimento de vínculos, logo podendo traçar estratégias para minimizar tais obstáculos, e ao mesmo tempo aliviar momentos de angústia e dor.Palavras-chave: Acesso aos Serviços de Saúde. Pessoas com Deficiência. Estruturas de Acesso.

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Hełdak, Maria, Agnieszka Stacherzak, and Katarzyna Przybyła. "Demand and Financial Constraints in Eliminating Architectural and Technical Barriers for People with Disabilities in Poland." Journal of Healthcare Engineering 2018 (2018): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/1297396.

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The purpose of the study is to analyse the availability of financial resources for people with disabilities and to assess the needs satisfaction level of the disabled in order to eliminate architectural and technical barriers in Poland. The research conducted among the disabled affected by physical disability indicates that mobility barriers and obstacles remain among the most important problems encountered by people with disabilities. The research has shown that the problem of barriers increases with age. The elimination of architectural barriers requires, each time, higher financial expenditure, whereas the elimination of technical barriers improves the life quality of people with disabilities at low financial outlays. The average funding in Poland amounted to PLN 827.53 in 2016, including the funding of EUR 1453.60 for the elimination of architectural barriers and approx. EUR 582 for the removal of technical barriers. The financial resources allocated for this purpose do not cover the actual needs of the people with disabilities. The analysis revealed that the demand for investment in the elimination of barriers is increasing with age, whereas the expenditure of the Polish state is decreasing.

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KIM, Tae-Young. "A Situational Training System for Developmentally Disabled People Based on Augmented Reality." IEICE Transactions on Information and Systems E96.D, no. 7 (2013): 1561–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1587/transinf.e96.d.1561.

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Sun, Koun-Tem, Kai-Lung Hsieh, and Syuan-Rong Syu. "Towards an Accessible Use of a Brain-Computer Interfaces-Based Home Care System through a Smartphone." Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience 2020 (August 28, 2020): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/1843269.

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This study proposes a home care system (HCS) based on a brain-computer interface (BCI) with a smartphone. The HCS provides daily help to motor-disabled people when a caregiver is not present. The aim of the study is two-fold: (1) to develop a BCI-based home care system to help end-users control their household appliances, and (2) to assess whether the architecture of the HCS is easy for motor-disabled people to use. A motion-strip is used to evoke event-related potentials (ERPs) in the brain of the user, and the system immediately processes these potentials to decode the user’s intentions. The system, then, translates these intentions into application commands and sends them via Bluetooth to the user’s smartphone to make an emergency call or to execute the corresponding app to emit an infrared (IR) signal to control a household appliance. Fifteen healthy and seven motor-disabled subjects (including the one with ALS) participated in the experiment. The average online accuracy was 81.8% and 78.1%, respectively. Using component N2P3 to discriminate targets from nontargets can increase the efficiency of the system. Results showed that the system allows end-users to use smartphone apps as long as they are using their brain waves. More important, only one electrode O1 is required to measure EEG signals, giving the system good practical usability. The HCS can, thus, improve the autonomy and self-reliance of its end-users.

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Martı́n, P., M. Mazo, I. Fernández, J. L. Lázaro, F. J. Rodrı́guez, and A. Gardel. "Multifunctional and autonomous, high performance architecture: application to a wheelchair for disabled people that integrates different control and guidance strategies." Microprocessors and Microsystems 23, no. 1 (June 1999): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0141-9331(99)00010-1.

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Kayama, Kentaro, Ikuko Eguchi Yairi, and Seiji Igi. "Outdoor environment recognition system on Robotic Communication Terminals supporting mobility of elderly and disabled people." Systems and Computers in Japan 37, no. 8 (2006): 56–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/scj.20479.

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HASHIMOTO, Hiroko, Kan NOMURA, and Takeshi YATOGO. "ANALYSIS OF A SURVEY ON THE BUILDING ACCESSIBILITY IMPROVEMENT ACT : An investigation into barriers in architecture for elderly and disabled people." Journal of Architecture and Planning (Transactions of AIJ) 71, no. 608 (2006): 51–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.3130/aija.71.51_3.

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Hamraie, Aimi, and Kelly Fritsch. "Crip Technoscience Manifesto." Catalyst: Feminism, Theory, Technoscience 5, no. 1 (April 1, 2019): 1–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.28968/cftt.v5i1.29607.

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As disabled people engaged in disability community, activism, and scholarship, our collective experiences and histories have taught us that we are effective agents of world building and dismantling toward more socially just relations.The grounds for social justice and world remaking, however, are frictioned;technologies, architectures, and infrastructures are often designed and implemented without committing to disability as a difference that matters. This manifesto calls attention to the powerful, messy, non-innocent, contradictory, and nevertheless crucial work of what we name as “crip technoscience,” practices of critique, alteration, and reinvention of our material-discursive world. Disabled people are experts and designers of everyday life. But we also harness technoscience for political action, refusing to comply with demands to cure, fix, or eliminate disability. Attentive to the intersectional workings of power and privilege, we agitate against independence and productivity as requirements for existence. Instead, we center technoscientific activism and critical design practices that foster disability justice.

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BARKOVSKIY, Aleksey M., and Aleksandra N. TERYAGOVA. "ARCHITECTURAL ANALYSIS OF ACCESSIBLE RAILWAY STATIONS ENVIRONMENT ON THE EXAMPLE OF KINEL RAILWAY STATION OF KUIBYSHEV RAILWAY." Urban construction and architecture 6, no. 3 (September 15, 2016): 91–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.17673/vestnik.2016.03.15.

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The article deals with organization of the barrier-free environment in the transport sphere. The statement of need in reconstruction of the Kinel railway station (Kuibyshev railway) for organization of the free-barrier environment for physically challenged people and disabled people is the main idea of this article. The main particulars of architectural and urban design of transport system for people with disabilities at the regional level are noted in the article. One should note here that availability of the transportation hub is provided by condition of urban realm, functional environment of railway station and also by transport vehicles. As typical for modern Russia example, architectural environment of Kinel station was researched and got estimate about its availability for people with limited mobility with position by «universal design».

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Martišius, Ignas, and Robertas Damaševičius. "A Prototype SSVEP Based Real Time BCI Gaming System." Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience 2016 (2016): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/3861425.

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Although brain-computer interface technology is mainly designed with disabled people in mind, it can also be beneficial to healthy subjects, for example, in gaming or virtual reality systems. In this paper we discuss the typical architecture, paradigms, requirements, and limitations of electroencephalogram-based gaming systems. We have developed a prototype three-class brain-computer interface system, based on the steady state visually evoked potentials paradigm and the Emotiv EPOC headset. An online target shooting game, implemented in the OpenViBE environment, has been used for user feedback. The system utilizes wave atom transform for feature extraction, achieving an average accuracy of 78.2% using linear discriminant analysis classifier, 79.3% using support vector machine classifier with a linear kernel, and 80.5% using a support vector machine classifier with a radial basis function kernel.

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Sendi, Richard, and Boštjan Kerbler. "Disabled people and accessibility: How successful is Slovenia in the elimination and prevention of built-environment and communication barriers?" Urbani izziv 20, no. 1 (2009): 123–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.5379/urbani-izziv-en-2009-20-01-001.

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Rghioui, Amine, Sandra Sendra, Jaime Lloret, and Abedlmajid Oumnad. "Internet of Things for Measuring Human Activities in Ambient Assisted Living and e-Health." Network Protocols and Algorithms 8, no. 3 (December 31, 2016): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/npa.v8i3.10146.

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Internet of things (IoT) is a new paradigm that combines several technologies such as computers, Internet, sensor networks, radio frequency identification (RFID), communication technology and embedded systems to form a system that links the real world with digital world. Currently, a large number of smart objects and different type of devices are interconnected and more and more they are being used in Ambient Assisted Living (AAL) scenarios for improving the daily tasks of elderly and disabled people. This paper presents an IoT architecture and protocol for Ambient Assisted Living and e-health. It is designed for heterogeneous AAL and e-health scenarios where an IoT network is the most suitable option to interconnect all elements. Finally, we simulate a medium-size network with four protocols especially designed for networks with important energy constraints in order to show their performance

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Akgül, Yakup. "The Accessibility, Usability, Quality and Readability of Turkish State and Local Government Websites an Exploratory Study." International Journal of Electronic Government Research 15, no. 1 (January 2019): 62–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijegr.2019010105.

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With significant development in Internet technology contributing to daily lives in nearly every aspect, it is important that government websites and e-government services offered through them are used effectively, efficiently, and satisfactorily. Achieving accessible, usable, qualified, and readable e-government services that enable citizens to fulfill different users' requirements by everyone involved in the target group, implying a lack of equality between disabled and non-disabled people in benefiting from online governmental services regardless of time and location constraints, has become a global aim. This study investigated whether the websites of the state and local level e-government in the Turkish Republic comply with prevailing standards of accessibility, heuristic usability, mobile readiness, performance and, the readability of website content with six different indices and whether these qualities depend on the type of the government websites. After examining 77 state and 247 local e-government sites, the results indicate that the Turkish government websites have made many of the accessibility, usability, quality, and readability mistakes as predicted. In light of the study findings, this paper will present some recommendations for improving Turkish government websites, as well as discuss future implications.

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Chang, Che-Ming, Chern-Sheng Lin, Wei-Cheng Chen, Chung-Ting Chen, and Yu-Liang Hsu. "Development and Application of a Human–Machine Interface Using Head Control and Flexible Numeric Tables for the Severely Disabled." Applied Sciences 10, no. 19 (October 8, 2020): 7005. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10197005.

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The human–machine interface with head control can be applied in many domains. This technology has the valuable application of helping people who cannot use their hands, enabling them to use a computer or speak. This study combines several image processing and computer vision technologies, a digital camera, and software to develop the following system: image processing technologies are adopted to capture the features of head motion; the recognized head gestures include forward, upward, downward, leftward, rightward, right-upper, right-lower, left-upper, and left-lower; corresponding sound modules are used so that patients can communicate with others through a phonetic system and numeric tables. Innovative skin color recognition technology can obtain head features in images. The barycenter of pixels in the feature area is then quickly calculated, and the offset of the barycenter is observed to judge the direction of head motion. This architecture can substantially reduce the distraction of non-targeted objects and enhance the accuracy of systematic judgment.

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Hussein, Hazreena, and Naziaty Mohd Yaacob. "Malaysian Perspective on the Development of Accessible Design." Asian Journal of Environment-Behaviour Studies 3, no. 8 (May 23, 2018): 147–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.21834/aje-bs.v3i8.287.

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Malaysia has been actively providing accessibility in the built environment since the country signed the ‘Proclamation on the Full Participation and Equality of People with Disabilities in the Asia-Pacißc Region’ in 1994. However, Malaysia has limitations in enforcing legislation pertaining to accessibility. One of the concerns was the local authorities’ role in having their own mechanisms to create an accessible built environment. The objective is to highlight the gaps in Malaysia’s regulations and to illustrate the research development of the Accessible Design infrastructure for disabled people. The outcome will describe Malaysia’s experience in Accessible Design. Keywords: Accessibility; Barrier free; Built environment; Legislation; Transportation. eISSN 2514-751X © 2018. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open-access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia. https://doi.org/10.21834/aje-bs.v3i8.287

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Shah, Krishna Bikram, Kiran Kumar Chaudhary, and Ashmita Ghimire. "Nepali Text to Speech Synthesis System using FreeTTS." SCITECH Nepal 13, no. 1 (December 31, 2018): 24–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/scitech.v13i1.23498.

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This paper confers the tools and methodology used in developing a Nepali Text to Speech Synthesis System using FreeTTS and is entirely developed in Java and uses FreeTTS synthesize1: Vocalized form of human communication is Speech. Here the Nepali Language is Synthetized based on formant approach and the use of one of the popular generic frameworks FreeTTS that is available in public domain for the development of a TTS system. The Text To Speech Architecture has been developed putting more emphasis on the Natural Language Processing (NLP) component rather than Digital Signal Processing (DSP) component. Nepali language being mostly used language in Nepal and some parts of India and abroad, a text-to-speech (TTS} synthesizer for this language will prove to be a convenient tool and communication technology (JCT) based system to aid to those majorities of people who are illiterate and also to those who are physical impairments like visually handicapped and vocally disabled persons. This ability to convert text to voice may reduce the dependency, frustration, and sense of helplessness of these people. The system can be extended to include more features such as emotions, improved tokenization, interactive options and the use of minimal database.

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Cui, Jianqiang, Andrew Allan, Michael A. P. Taylor, and Dong Lin. "DEVELOPING SHANGHAI UNDERGROUND PEDESTRIAN SYSTEM UNDER URBANIZATION: MOBILITY, FUNCTIONALITY AND EQUITY." JOURNAL OF ARCHITECTURE AND URBANISM 36, no. 4 (January 2, 2013): 283–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/20297955.2012.752933.

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Shanghai is being transformed through a process of rapid urbanization. Urbanization has the effects of increasing urban population and the income levels of residents as well as changing the structure of transportation. Under the background, from the 1980s, Shanghai has increasingly built and extended underground pedestrian systems (UPS) within central areas to complement pedestrian networks. UPS have significantly affected urban life in Shanghai under the decades of development but to date, research on UPS usage and perceptions of UPS users has been lacking. This research conducted an on-the-spot survey in Shanghai's UPS in People's Square, Jing'an Temple and Xujiahui areas. Investigation through observation, face to face questionnaires and interviews generated qualitative and quantitative findings on the usage characteristics and perceptions of UPS users. The discussion focused on social usage and equity and the functionality of UPS. It revealed defects in the design and management of Shanghai's UPS, including deficiencies with regard to consideration of the elderly, disabled groups, management of homeless people, the range of merchandise categories and orientation (i.e. way-finding) systems. This research is a significant contribution to enriching knowledge and providing insights into the performance of UPS in a developing country under rapid urbanization.

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Sala, Krzysztof. "Polityka społeczna wobec osób niepełnosprawnych w Polsce." Wrocławskie Studia Politologiczne 21 (March 14, 2017): 82–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.19195/1643-0328.21.6.

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Social policy towards people with disabilities in PolandThe problem of disability is an element of social and economic policy of the stateIn Poland, disability affects every tenth person and is present in every fourth household. The wide range of actions is aimed at equality and improvement of the situation of people with disabilities through elimination of architectural, legal or mental barriers.The aim of the publication was to present selected elements of social policy towards the disabled people in Poland, by an indication of the task purpose fund responsible for this area PFRON and the tasks of local authorities in this matter.The publication is based on the available literature, statistical data and netography. The article presents briefly the nature and genesis of the concept of disability. It presents as well characteristics of the scale of disability in Poland and discusses the evolution of approaches to persons with disabilities in time.

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López, Joaquín, Pablo Sánchez-Vilariño, Rafael Sanz, and Enrique Paz. "Implementing Autonomous Driving Behaviors Using a Message Driven Petri Net Framework." Sensors 20, no. 2 (January 13, 2020): 449. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20020449.

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Most autonomous car control frameworks are based on a middleware layer with several independent modules that are connected by an inter-process communication mechanism. These modules implement basic actions and report events about their state by subscribing and publishing messages. Here, we propose an executive module that coordinates the activity of these modules. This executive module uses hierarchical interpreted binary Petri nets (PNs) to define the behavior expected from the car in different scenarios according to the traffic rules. The module commands actions by sending messages to other modules and evolves its internal state according to the events (messages) received. A programming environment named RoboGraph (RG) is introduced with this architecture. RG includes a graphical interface that allows the edition, execution, tracing, and maintenance of the PNs. For the execution, a dispatcher loads these PNs and executes the different behaviors. The RG monitor that shows the state of all the running nets has proven to be very useful for debugging and tracing purposes. The whole system has been applied to an autonomous car designed for elderly or disabled people.

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Nathaniel, Arhantika, Angelic Goyal, and Parmeet Kaur. "A Distributed Storage System Using a Mobile Ad hoc Network." International Journal of Distributed Systems and Technologies 10, no. 3 (July 2019): 76–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijdst.2019070105.

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The Ambient Assisted Living (AAL) domain aims to support the daily life activities of elders, patients with chronic conditions, and disabled people. Several AAL platforms have been developed over the last two decades. Hence, there is a need to identify Quality Criteria (QC) and make it well defined in order to achieve the AAL system purposes. To be able to convince all stakeholders including both technologies and end users of AAL systems, high quality must be guaranteed. The goal of this article is to obtain a set of data quality characteristics that would be applicable to AAL system, and have its performance evaluated using sensor data. To this end, this work uses the ISO/IEC 25012 and ISO/IEC 25010 standards to extract the most relevant criteria that are apt for AAL systems. As a result, an evaluation approach on an indoor localization platform was made, and an evaluation procedure has been established. This is done by first generating a hierarchical data quality model, and have it evaluated using the metrics, based on the sensor data and the concept of fuzzy logic.

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Madjid, Kara, Olfa Lamouchi, Manolo Dulva Hina, and Amar Ramdane-Cherif. "A Fuzzy Logic-Based Method for Evaluating AAL Systems." International Journal of Distributed Systems and Technologies 10, no. 4 (October 2019): 59–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijdst.2019100105.

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The Ambient Assisted Living (AAL) domain aims to support the daily life activities of elders, patients with chronic conditions, and disabled people. Several AAL platforms have been developed over the last two decades. Hence, there is a need to identify Quality Criteria (QC) and make it well defined in order to achieve the AAL system purposes. To be able to convince all stakeholders including both technologies and end users of AAL systems, high quality must be guaranteed. The goal of this article is to obtain a set of data quality characteristics that would be applicable to AAL system, and have its performance evaluated using sensors' data. To this end, this work uses the ISO/IEC 25012 and ISO/IEC 25010 standards to extract the most relevant criteria that are apt for AAL systems. As a result, an evaluation approach on an indoor localization platform was made, and an evaluation procedure has been established. This is done by first generating a hierarchical data quality model, and have it evaluated using the metrics, based on the sensors data and the concept of fuzzy logic.

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JOHNSON, NAN E. "Attempts to Resolve a Disability in Walking." Journal of Family Issues 21, no. 5 (July 2000): 587–610. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/019251300021005004.

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This study analyzed the first two waves (1993-1994 and 1995-1996) of the national Survey on Asset and Health Dynamics Among the Oldest Old. It focused on the prevalence of a common intrinsic disability at Wave 1—an unaided physiological hardship in walking across a room—and sought which factors eliminated the hardship so that there was no actual disability. Nonmetro and metro elderly people with this intrinsic disability were equally likely to use personal help in walking across a room and to resort to the same walking devices. Yet, nonmetro elderly people were less successful than their metro counterparts in avoiding mild residual hardship in interior ambulation. Reasons included a larger number of lower-body limitations among the nonmetro elderly and the greater absence of accommodative architectural features from nonmetro homes. This article concludes with a discussion of public policies that could assist disabled elders to remain community dwellers.

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HNAT, Galyna, Ihor HNES, Liubov SOLOVII, Lyudmyla HNES, and Volodymyr BABYAK. "Socio-Adaptive Thinking of Searching for an Architectural Connection to Improve the Lives of Students with Special Physical Needs as a Special Kind of Philosophical Communication." WISDOM 18, no. 2 (June 25, 2021): 48–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.24234/wisdom.v18i2.491.

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An analysis of the spiritual situation in the modern, in particular the Western, world prompts the idea that a person's place in it is becoming increasingly uncertain and contradictory. This is especially evident in the context of various conflicts arising among people with disabilities due to infrastructure problems in educational institutions. It is obvious that disabled people and various categories of mentally and physically weakened people are a very significant part of our society, for which accessible and comfortable conditions of life and rehabilitation should be created. This requirement should be considered among the fundamental, and it should apply to many significant objects of the social infrastructure of modern cities, including their higher educational institutions. The major purpose of this article is to determine the ways of adapting the architectural environment of higher education institutions to the needs of persons with disabilities. The object of the research is the buildings and structures of higher education institutions. To achieve the goal of our research we have used a IDEF0 model in the context of achieving social adaptation and improving communication.

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Lesani, Fatemeh Sadat, Faranak Fotouhi Ghazvini, and Rouhollah Dianat. "Developing an Offline Persian Automatic Lip Reader as a New Human–Mobile Interaction Method in Android Smart Phones." Journal of Circuits, Systems and Computers 28, no. 08 (July 2019): 1950132. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218126619501329.

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In this paper, a new method to communicate with mobile phones is introduced. A camera phone can track the user’s lip motions using the lip reading algorithms. They recognize the words and sentences to run the appropriate application automatically. However, two of the challenges when implementing these algorithms in mobile phones are the changing ambient’s light and the limited resources such as memory and CPU. In this research, two methods are introduced to solve these problems. An offline lip reading application is implemented for Android phones which tracks the user’s lips in the Persian language. The application recognizes Persian words using visual features extraction from the user’s lips. The significance of this paper lies in the fact that it reports one of the first systems ever developed for offline lip reading. The whole process takes place completely on the device without the support of a dedicated server for the execution of the algorithms. In addition, this research is one of the first studies conducted on Persian mobile lip reading systems. Finally, the application was tested by disabled people who suffer from hand disabilities. The application satisfied them more than other applications which use sound, touch or text as an interface.

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Margolis, A. A., V. V. Rubtsov, and O. A. Serebryannikova. "Promoting the Quality and Accessibility of Higher Education for People with Disabilities in the Russian Federation." Психологическая наука и образование 22, no. 1 (2017): 10–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.17759/pse.2017220103.

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The paper focuses on the main aspects of working towards making quality higher education accessible for persons with disabilities. The paper reveals specific educational conditions necessary for teaching and supporting students with disabilities, such as: developing and implementing career guidance programmes, adapted educational programmes, programmes for social psychological support, programmes for employment assistance and post-graduate support of students. Adaptation of educational programmes implies not only establishing a set of common requirements for adjusting the educational process to teaching individuals with disabilities depending on the specifics of their disability, but it also implies developing universal approaches and requirements for providing special settings in which their learning takes place. It is important that physical (architectural), informational, academic services and facilities be available for students with different disabilities and that members of the staff of an education organization have special competencies for working with the disabled persons. The paper also stresses the necessity of developing and implementing an effective model of extending the successful experience that a number of universities have in teaching students with disabilities to the system of higher education in general. This major goal could be achieved through the establishment of a network of resource and training centers in the regions of Russia.

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Spektor, Franchesca, and Sarah Fox. "The ‘Working Body’: Interrogating and Reimagining the Productivist Impulses of Transhumanism through Crip-Centered Speculative Design." Somatechnics 10, no. 3 (December 2020): 327–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/soma.2020.0326.

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Appeals to ‘nature’ have historically led to normative claims about who is rendered valuable. These understandings elevate a universal, working body (read able-bodied, white, producing capital) that design and disability studies scholar Aimi Hamraie argues ‘has served as a template […] for centuries’ (2017: 20), becoming reified through our architectural, political, and technological infrastructures. Using the framing of the cyborg, we explore how contemporary assistive technologies have the potential to both reproduce and trouble such normative claims. The modern transhumanism movement imagines cyborg bodies as self-contained and invincible, championing assistive technologies that seek to assimilate disabled people towards ever-increasing standards of independent productivity and connecting worth with the body's capacity for labor. In contrast, disability justice communities see all bodies as inherently worthy and situated within a network of care-relationships. Rather than being invincible, the cripborg's relationship with technology is complicated by the ever-present functional and financial constraints of their assistive devices. Despite these lived experiences, the expertise and agency of disabled activist communities is rarely engaged throughout the design process. In this article, we use speculative design techniques to reimagine assistive technologies with members of disability communities, resulting in three fictional design proposals. The first is a manual for a malfunctioning exoskeleton, meant to fill in the gaps where corporate planned obsolescence and black-boxed design delimit repair and maintenance. The second is a zine instructing readers on how to build their own intimate prosthetics, emphasizing the need to design for pleasurable, embodied, and affective experience. The final design proposal is a city-owned fleet of assistive robots meant to push people in manual wheelchairs up hills or carry loads for elderly people, an example of an environmental adaptation which explores the problems of automating care. With and through these design concepts, we begin to explore assistive devices that center the values of disability communities, using design proposals to co-imagine versions of a more crip-centered future.

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Al Machot, Fadi, Ali Elmachot, Mouhannad Ali, Elyan Al Machot, and Kyandoghere Kyamakya. "A Deep-Learning Model for Subject-Independent Human Emotion Recognition Using Electrodermal Activity Sensors." Sensors 19, no. 7 (April 7, 2019): 1659. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19071659.

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One of the main objectives of Active and Assisted Living (AAL) environments is to ensure that elderly and/or disabled people perform/live well in their immediate environments; this can be monitored by among others the recognition of emotions based on non-highly intrusive sensors such as Electrodermal Activity (EDA) sensors. However, designing a learning system or building a machine-learning model to recognize human emotions while training the system on a specific group of persons and testing the system on a totally a new group of persons is still a serious challenge in the field, as it is possible that the second testing group of persons may have different emotion patterns. Accordingly, the purpose of this paper is to contribute to the field of human emotion recognition by proposing a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) architecture which ensures promising robustness-related results for both subject-dependent and subject-independent human emotion recognition. The CNN model has been trained using a grid search technique which is a model hyperparameter optimization technique to fine-tune the parameters of the proposed CNN architecture. The overall concept’s performance is validated and stress-tested by using MAHNOB and DEAP datasets. The results demonstrate a promising robustness improvement regarding various evaluation metrics. We could increase the accuracy for subject-independent classification to 78% and 82% for MAHNOB and DEAP respectively and to 81% and 85% subject-dependent classification for MAHNOB and DEAP respectively (4 classes/labels). The work shows clearly that while using solely the non-intrusive EDA sensors a robust classification of human emotion is possible even without involving additional/other physiological signals.

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Dayal, Aveen, Naveen Paluru, Linga Reddy Cenkeramaddi, Soumya J., and Phaneendra K. Yalavarthy. "Design and Implementation of Deep Learning Based Contactless Authentication System Using Hand Gestures." Electronics 10, no. 2 (January 15, 2021): 182. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics10020182.

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Hand gestures based sign language digits have several contactless applications. Applications include communication for impaired people, such as elderly and disabled people, health-care applications, automotive user interfaces, and security and surveillance. This work presents the design and implementation of a complete end-to-end deep learning based edge computing system that can verify a user contactlessly using ‘authentication code’. The ‘authentication code’ is an ‘n’ digit numeric code and the digits are hand gestures of sign language digits. We propose a memory-efficient deep learning model to classify the hand gestures of the sign language digits. The proposed deep learning model is based on the bottleneck module which is inspired by the deep residual networks. The model achieves classification accuracy of 99.1% on the publicly available sign language digits dataset. The model is deployed on a Raspberry pi 4 Model B edge computing system to serve as an edge device for user verification. The edge computing system consists of two steps, it first takes input from the camera attached to it in real-time and stores it in the buffer. In the second step, the model classifies the digit with the inference rate of 280 ms, by taking the first image in the buffer as input.

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Bagenstos, Samuel R. "Disability Rights and the Discourse of Justice." SMU Law Review Forum 73, no. 1 (April 2020): 26–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.25172/slrf.73.1.5.

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Although the ADA has changed the built architecture of America and dramatically increased the visibility of disabled people, it has not meaningfully increased disability employment rates. And the statute continues to provoke a backlash. Disability rights advocates and sympathizers offer two principal stories to explain this state of affairs. One, the “lost-bipartisanship” story, asserts that disability rights were once an enterprise broadly endorsed across the political spectrum but that they have fallen prey to the massive rise in partisan polarization in the United States. The other, the “legal-change-outpacing-social-change” story, asserts that the ADA was essentially adopted too soon—that the legislative coalition came together to pass the law before society as a whole was ready for it, leading to a backlash. There is something to be said for both stories. But the most important point is what connects them. The ADA was a bipartisan achievement largely because the efforts to pass the statute—in a brilliant tactical move—skirted difficult arguments about justice. Instead, they relied explicitly on a discourse of costs and benefits—and they relied implicitly on a discourse of charity and pity. But as soon as the ADA was adopted and the burdens imposed by it became apparent, the cost-benefit and charity/pity discourses reached their limit in providing support for the statute. To secure support for disability rights in the future, advocates will need to rely on a discourse of justice. And that will require renewed efforts at social, and not just legal, change.

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노지화. "Knowledge Attitudes Towards Elderly People and Disabled Changing Attitudes Towards UD Assignments After Aging Similation Program Experiential Education: Centered on Architectural Students in 5-year program." Journal of North-east Asian Cultures 1, no. 37 (December 2013): 543–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.17949/jneac.1.37.201312.031.

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Méndez, Luis Delgado, Consuelo Del Moral Ávila, Maria José Del Moral Ávila, Juan Miguel Tapia García, Ignacio Valverde Palacios, and Ignacio Valverde Espinosa. "FUZZY MULTICRITERIA FOR DETERMINING REASONABLE ADJUSTMENT IN HOUSING." Technological and Economic Development of Economy 25, no. 3 (March 20, 2019): 421–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/tede.2019.7456.

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Legislative initiatives regarding universal accessibility promote the elimination of architectural barriers. This is a positive measure as it aims to ensure equal rights and opportunities for disabled people, in accordance with the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (United Nations, 2006). One of the challenges facing society today is the determination of reasonable accommodation, a concept that encompasses those necessary modifications and adjustments which do not impose a disproportionate burden. For this purpose, technical, economic and social aspects shall be taken into consideration, as required by legislation. This paper proposes reasonable accommodation in residential buildings, taking into account the different options for its attainment, by applying a multi-criteria analysis based on a wide range of objective indicators of three types: technical, social and economic. This proposal was one of the objectives of the R + D + i Project called “VIVable-From accessible housing to sustainable housing: The essence of reasonable accommodation”. From VIVable, the fuzzy multi-criteria assessment method for determining reasonable accommodation may be totally extrapolated to other uses. At the same time, the proposed method may also be extrapolated to other countries where basic requirements for universal accessibility in buildings and equal rights of persons with disabilities are standardized.

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Tzonichaki, Loanna, and George Kleftaras. "Paraplegia from Spinal Cord Injury: Self-Esteem, Loneliness, and Life Satisfaction." OTJR: Occupation, Participation and Health 22, no. 3 (July 2002): 96–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/153944920202200302.

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With advances in health care sciences, people with spinal cord injuries can now live to old age. Rehabilitation of the disabled is a dynamic process and should include not only attaining maximum function, but also receiving satisfaction with life in one's environment. Life satisfaction is thought to be the subjective part of quality of life, i.e., the feelings of the persons concerned about their functioning and circumstances. However, these feelings are influenced by self-esteem, the positive or negative attitude toward oneself, as well as life satisfaction and the effect of loneliness on self-esteem. Forty community-living adults with paraplegia from spinal cord injury from the metropolitan area of Athens responded to the Rosenberg's Self-Esteem Scale, the Revised UCLA Loneliness Scale, and the Life Satisfaction Index. As expected, statistically significant correlations were obtained among self-esteem, life satisfaction, and loneliness. More specifically, the higher an individual's self-esteem: a) the higher the life satisfaction and b) the lower the feelings of loneliness experienced. Furthermore, there was a statistically negative relationship between loneliness and life satisfaction. Community mobility, architectural adaptations, and social support, as it is reflected through marital status and frequency of received visits, proved to be important factors in understanding loneliness, self-esteem, and life satisfaction. Implications for rehabilitation of individuals with spinal cord injuries are discussed.

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Barkova, O. I., and V. A. Vlasov. "Some Topical Aspects of Improvement of Architectural Environment in Russia: Problems of Providing Legal Support." Lex Russica, no. 7 (July 31, 2019): 45–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.17803/1729-5920.2019.152.7.045-053.

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The scientific novelty of the problem of protection of architectural heritage in the Russian Federation is that many of its aspects are of not only theoretical, but also practical significance. The preservation of historical memory is becoming increasingly popular in our country, where, till recently, utilitarianism and pursuit for endless renewal have prevailed. It has been realized that every object of national cultural and historical heritage, regardless of the aesthetic effect and form of ownership, belongs to all the people of present and future generations. Every individual has the right to cultural property. A comparative method in cultural and protection activity is extremely relevant, since different countries have different stereotypes of assessment of tengible heritage. The authors have determined the regularities of different evaluations of similar phenomena, in connection with which carriers are assigned to two types of cultures. A methodological basis of the study includes the following theoretical provisions: «self-sufficient» communities are communities that thoroughly examine and fit each artifact into the mosaic of the existence of the community; «less self-sufficient» communities recognize their legacy as flawed, i.e. «ugly» physically and spiritually disabled, which «helps» part with them easily. On the example of the city of Krasnoyarsk the authors provide for the analysis of facts allowing to consider the second opinion «inspired» and subject to correction. This case as a phenomenon of the legal field manifests itself as a conflict of private and public interests, which requires its resolution. In order to find the most effective model of organization of the state apparatus and formation of legislation in the field of culture, it is necessary to use the method of state legal modeling. The conclusions of the authors are accompanied by recommendations, assessments, and proposals of practical importance.

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McMahan, Jeff. "Causing Disabled People to Exist and Causing People to Be Disabled." Ethics 116, no. 1 (October 2005): 77–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/454367.

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Low, C. "The special educatioal needs of disabled people – what disabled people want." International Journal of Rehabilitation Research 8 (September 1985): 91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00004356-198509001-00165.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Architecture for disabled people'

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