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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Architecture, Ottoman'
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1
Sezer, Yavuz. "The architecture of bibliophilia : eighteenth-century Ottoman libraries." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/107311.
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Thesis: Ph. D. in Architecture: History and Theory of Architecture, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Architecture, September 2016.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis. "September 2016."
Includes bibliographical references (pages 268-300).
Libraries were a new building type of Ottoman architecture by the beginning of the eighteenth century. However, they quickly gained a considerable place among the endowments of Ottoman elites and remained one of the most carefully approached architectural questions throughout the century. More than twenty purpose-designed libraries were built in Istanbul until the early nineteenth century. This dissertation investigates the social and cultural conditions that paved the way for this library movement, the dynamics that affected the variety of architectural formulas developed for these buildings, and the receptions of the trend in the elite circles. The Ottomans designed some of the libraries with allusions to the image of mosques and to that of the pilgrimage shrine, and thus created symbols of the highly venerable status they gave to the effort of learning, especially to religious studies. In several library buildings, they made identifiable quotations from other monuments. This variety in library architecture is interpreted here as a reflection of the rise of knowledge of architectural past as a subject of gentlemen's curiosity, akin to interests in history, geography and literature. The latter genres had remarkably large places in library collections compared to the public collections of earlier centuries that lacked their own buildings. The broad demand for the accessibility of books in a wide range of fields certainly formed a pillar of the library movement, but the rivalry emerged between the dignitaries to donate rich libraries as urban landmarks demonstrates the power of this investment as a social asset and a political gesture in the eighteenth century. These were predominantly manuscript libraries; manual reproduction of books and accessibility of rare items were quite important in this library regime.
by Yavuz Sezer.
Ph. D. in Architecture: History and Theory of Architecture
2
Sumertas, Firuzan Melike. "Female Patronage In Classical Ottoman Architecture: Five Case Studies In Istanbul." Master's thesis, METU, 2006. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12607671/index.pdf.
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The aim of this thesis is to discuss and illustrate the visibility of Ottoman imperial women in relation to their spatial presence and contribution to the architecture and cityscape of sixteenth and seventeenth century istanbul. The central premise of the study is that the Ottoman imperial women assumed and exercised power and influence by various means but became publicly visible and acknowledged more through architectural patronage. The focus is on istanbul and a group of buildings and complexes built under the sponsorship of court women who resided in the Harem section of Topkapi Palace.
The case studies built in Istanbul in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries are examined in terms of their location in the city, the layout of the complexes, the placement and plan of the individual buildings, their orientation, mass characteristics and structural properties. It is discussed whether female patronage had any recognizable consequences on the Ottoman Classical Architecture, and whether female patrons had any impact on the building process, selection of the site and architecture.
These complexes, in addition, are discussed as physical manifestation and representation of imperial female power. Accordingly it is argued that, they functioned not only as urban regeneration projects but also as a means to enhance and make imperial female identity visible in a monumental scale to large masses in different parts of the capital.
3
Rustem, Unver. "Architecture for a New Age: Imperial Ottoman Mosques in Eighteenth-Century Istanbul." Thesis, Harvard University, 2013. http://dissertations.umi.com/gsas.harvard:11074.
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The eighteenth century saw the Ottoman capital Istanbul undergo some of its most significant physical changes. Restored as the seat of government in 1703 after the court had spent fifty years in Edirne, the city became the site of lavish architectural patronage intended to reinscribe the sultans' presence. This campaign culminated in the years 1740-1800 with two distinct but related developments: the revival of the imperial mosque as a building type, and the creation of a new architectural style--the so-called Ottoman Baroque--informed by Western models. Though these shifts have typically been viewed within a well-established decline paradigm branding the material decadent and derivative, this study demonstrates that the eighteenth-century mosques were powerful symbols of sultanic authority designed to reassert and redefine the empire's standing on a changing world stage.History of Art and Architecture
4
Çulcu, Sevinç İpekoğlu Başak. "Evaluation of alterations in ottoman hans in tire for their restitution/." [s.l.]: [s.n.], 2005. http://library.iyte.edu.tr/tezler/master/mimarirestorasyon/T000395.pdf.
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Christensen, Peter Hewitt. "Architecture, Expertise and the German Construction of the Ottoman Railway Network, 1868-1919." Thesis, Harvard University, 2014. http://dissertations.umi.com/gsas.harvard:11375.
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The dissertation examines the production of knowledge and architecture through the German-sponsored construction of the Ottoman railway network, comprising four discrete projects: the railways of European Turkey, the Anatolian railways, the Baghdad railway and the Hejaz railway and its Palestinian tributaries. The German construction of the Ottoman railway network is an historic event that proffers the opportunity to critically reconsider the epistemological tenets of expertise in broader political, economic and cultural structures distinct from the normative creative processes that dominate the historiography of empires. The dissertation capitalizes on the ambiguous colonial nature of the German role in the architecture, engineering, and urbanism of the late Ottoman empire and situates it as a variegated and occasionally dialogic model of European cultural expansionism by way of a process identified here as ambiguous transmutation.
6
Heng, Teh Joo. "A theory of persistence in city form : Bursa, a case of the Ottoman city in Turkey." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/74806.
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Thesis (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Architecture, 1989.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 103-104).
The evolution of city form is an issue that has been studied extensively. Typically, however, the focus has been on change rather than persistence. During the process of change, many aspects of the city are left unaltered and remnants of the past survive vividly. Furthermore, the presence of the past constrains the way new intervention is carried out. I propose the hypothesis that a city has an inertia that resists change. This inertia is distributed unevenly among urban artifacts, and a hierarchy of artifacts in terms of their rates of change can be established The latent potential or capacity of urban artifacts permits them to adapt to changes without significant alterations in their physical structure. This capacity of artifacts allows them to support functions different from the ones for which they were conceived. This quasi-autonomous nature of urban artifacts also leads one to distinguish between an internal and external history of physical urban form. The research methodology develops Conzen's "plan units" as a tool to analyze the morphology of plan units and their built forms. Plan units are morphological frames for the built forms within. In the occurrence of critical events however, plan units may be amalgamated, subdivided, or even removed. The thesis also focuses on the genesis, evolution, and site succession of urban artifacts. Bursa, an ancient city in the western part of Anatolia is then adopted as a case study for the theory of persistence in city form. The morphology of a selected research area is studied in the aftermath of three critical events: Ahmet Vefik Pasa's intervention, the 1956 fire, and the beginning of industrialization.
by Teh Joo Heng.
M.S.
7
Demirçivi, Mathilde. "Le Grand Bazar d’Istanbul et ses environs : formes, fonctions et transformations des han construits entre le début du XVIIIe s. et le milieu du XIXe s." Thesis, Paris 4, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA040229.
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Le han est un type architectural lié au commerce et au logement qui s’est développé dans l’ensemble du monde islamique. Le han traditionnel présente un plan à cour intérieure bordée d’un portique à l’arrière duquel sont disposées les cellules. A Istanbul, ce type d’édifice s’est surtout développé dans le quartier commerçant principal de la péninsule historique et dans le Grand Bazar. Son évolution a suivi celle de la ville. Cette étude se concentre sur les han construits entre le début du XVIIIe s. et le milieu du XIXe s. Durant cette période, les échanges entre l’Empire ottoman et l’Occident s’intensifient. En architecture, l’influence occidentale se manifeste d’abord dans le décor puis dans la typologie, tendance observée également dans les han. Par ailleurs, d’autres transformations, liées cette fois-ci à l’évolution interne de l’architecture ottomane, y sont perceptibles. Enfin, le modèle architectural du han traditionnel se transforme peu à peu et à partir du milieu du XIXe s. apparaît un type de han proche de modèles occidentaux. Les divers remaniements dans la ville d’Istanbul, notamment ceux qui ont suivi incendies et tremblements de terre, ont eu pour conséquence la disparition de nombreux han ou leur réfection. L’exploitation d’une documentation très variée (sources d’archives ottomanes, documents graphiques anciens, relevés, plans de restitutions, photographies et autres) et le croisement des différentes données permettent de combler certaines lacunes relatives à la commande, à la construction, aux réparations, aux diverses transformations ainsi qu’aux fonctions des hanThe han is an architectural structure related to trade and housing which developed throughout the Islamic world. The traditional han consisted of an inner courtyard surrounded by a portico that gave access to rooms. In Istanbul, this kind of buildings is mostly located in the main commercial area of the historical peninsula and in the Grand Bazaar. The evolution of the han is linked to the development of the city. This study focuses on the han built between the early 18th century and the mid 19th century. During this period, there was an increasing exchange between the Ottoman and Western worlds. In the field of architecture, the western influence was at first noticed in the decorative elements and later in the architectural typology, a trend that is also valid for the han. In addition, one can observe further changes linked to the evolution of the ottoman architecture itself. Consequently, the architectural model of the traditional han gradually changed through time and by the middle of the 19th century, a type of han very similar to western buildings could be seen. Various changes in the cityscape of Istanbul, particularly after great fires and earthquakes led to the disappearance or restructuring of many han. This work is based on research of a wide range of documents (Ottoman archival documents, historical graphics, plans, restoration projects, photographs etc.) and the cross examination of these data made it possible to find unedited informations concerning patrons, original constructions, repairs, various transformations as well as the uses of the han
8
Saf, Hayriye Oya Ergül Emre. "A typological analysis of parsel-house relationship im Ottoman Western Anatolian cities: The Case of Kula/." [s.l.]: [s.n.], 2004. http://library.iyte.edu.tr/tezler/master/mimarlik/T000447.pdf.
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Hakky, Rafee. "The Ottoman külltye between the 14th and 17th centuries: its urban setting and spatial composition." Diss., Virginia Tech, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/39085.
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n order to serve the Muslim community, the Ottomans built nuclei which included educational and social services around the mosque. A nucleus of these was called a "külltye". Facilities in külltyes can be categorized under four main areas: religious, educational, social, and private. This research project attempted to examine the Ottoman külltye from an urban design point of view. It explored the külltye through two main questions: firstly. what was the relationship between the külltye and its surroundings. and secondly. how the kkülltye was designed. In order to answer these two questions, the külltye was studied at five scales: the state, the city, the immediate surroundings, the külltye itself, and flnal1y the individual open spaces in the külltye. This research work is basically a morphological study; however, when possible and appropriate the meaning behind the form is addressed.
At the state scale it was found that a good level of sensitivity was utilized when planning for new külltyes. Larger cities had a larger number of külltyes and more complex programs for these külltyes. külltyes in small cities were programmed so as to serve the small community adequately without being oversized. külltyes in cities had more educational facilities while külltyes in the country were more oriented towards serving travelers. Within the city itself. central areas housed larger külltyes; while residential neighborhoods had smaller külltyes since they were intended to serve only that particular neighborhood.
The number and kind of facilities were affected by the particular period during which külltyes were built. During the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries külltyes were large and housed a large variety of services. That period was a period of growth and prosperity. Later centuries exhibited a different trend where külltyes became smaller and included simpler programs. Reasons for this new trend could be the existence of enough services and the economic deterioration of the state.Ph. D.
10
Natsheh, Yusuf Said. "Sixteenth century Ottoman public buildings in Jerusalem : a study based on the standing monuments and evidence of the Jerusalem sijill." Thesis, SOAS, University of London, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.301118.
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Koseoglu, Irmak. "Late Ottoman Resort Houses In Istanbul: Buyukada And Kadikoy." Master's thesis, METU, 2013. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12615710/index.pdf.
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The thesis aims to study the development of late 19th and early 20th century domestic architecture in Büyü
kada and Kadikö
y as new resort districts of Istanbul. The urban development of Istanbul and Bü
yü
kada is introduced as a basis to discuss the architectural context and domestic life. The discussion centers on the emergence of concept of &lsquo
resort houses&rsquo
as a new dwelling type in Istanbul in the late Ottoman period. Selected case studies are described and compared to illustrate how such houses were conceptualized, built and utilized.
12
Álvarez, Dopico Ilham. "Qallaline. Les revêtements céramiques des fondations beylicales tunisoises du XVIIIe siècle." Thesis, Paris 4, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA040141.
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Ce travail porte sur la production de carreaux de céramique des ateliers de la ville de Tunis, dits Qallaline, du XVIIIe siècle et sur leur application dans l’architecture beylicale contemporaine. La première partie de ce volume contient l’étude monographique de cette production céramique et privilège la mise en contexte historique et spatiale avec la fixation d’une chronologie raisonnée, l’établissement d’une typologie systématique des modèles de carreaux, l’analyse iconographique des motifs déployés sur les revêtements céramiques, avec l’étude de l’origine des motifs employés et de leur évolution, et finalement la définition des influences subies par les ateliers tunisois. Aussi, il est question de sa distribution à l’intérieur de la Régence ottomane de Tunis et de son exportation vers les Régences voisines ainsi que l’usage et les pratiques associées à l’emploi des revêtements céramiques tunisois dans l’architecture contemporaine dans l’Afrique du Nord. La deuxième partie de ce volume contient un catalogue des modèles de carreaux et de panneaux céramiques qui propose une classification ouverte et qui ne se cantonne pas au descriptif pour aborder l’interprétation. L’étude et la description formelle de cette production céramique concluent avec la définition stylistique de Qallaline comme expression d’un art ottoman provincialThis PhD deals with the production of ceramic tiles from XVIII th century Tunisian Qallaline workshops and its use in the Beylical architecture of the time. The first part consist of a monographic study of this ceramics production, which, in turns, enables us to contextualize it both historically and geographically by means of setting a contrasted chronology and establishing a systematic typology of the different tile models. It also includes an iconographic analysis of the patterns present in the ceramic panelling, together with the study of their origin and evolution. Then, we focus on the foreign influences affecting Tunisian workshops. Finally, the distribution of this ceramic panelling within the Ottoman Regency of Tunisia and in the surrounding Regencies, as well as the use and practices associated with such Tunisian panelling in Northern African architecture in the XVIIIth century are also studied. The second part contains a catalogue of the different tiles and tile panels. This catalogue offers an open classification, which means that it does not consider only the mere description of the items it contains when giving an interpretation. The formal description and the study of this ceramics production has enabled us to define Qallaline from a stylistic point of view as an expression of Ottoman provincial art
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Orbay, İffet. "Istanbul viewed : the representation of the city in Ottoman maps of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/8630.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Architecture, 2001.Includes bibliographical references (p. 361-395).
Starting from the premise that maps are essentially about visualizing space, this dissertation examines what the Ottoman maps of Istanbul reveal about the city's perception, as it evolved in connection to urban development after the conquest. The maps that form the subject of this study appear as illustrations in three manuscript books. The Istanbul maps contained in Mecmu'-i Menazil (1537-8) and HiinernAme (1584) respectively mark the beginning and the accomplishment of the city's architectural elaboration. The other twenty maps, featuring in manuscript copies of Kitab-i Bahriye (1520s), roughly span the period between 1550 and 1700. The variants of a design fixed around 1570 offer an image that fulfills its topographic elaboration in the late-seventeenth century. While the making of this map's design relates to Istanbul's sixteenth century urban development, its topographical elaboration reflects a new perception of the city. These picture-maps, produced in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, form a unique group of documents as the only known Ottoman pictorial representations showing the city as a whole. As revealed by the context of the books containing them, their making relates both to Ottoman Empire's territorial expansion and to the appropriation of Constantinople as its new capital. Their cartographic language combines, in different manners, the familiar conventions of Islamic miniature painting with artistic forms encountered and assimilated during territorial expansion, particularly in contact with Venice.
(cont.) Especially the making of the Istanbul maps in Kitfb-i Bahriye copies illustrates the crucial role of the Mediterranean seafaring culture, its navigation manuals, nautical charts and island books. These images of Istanbul can be related to the development of the urban landscape and its symbolic function. Their study as cartographic representations pays attention to both accuracy and emphasis in their topographic contents. Supported by contemporary European visual sources and travel accounts as well as Ottoman topographic and poetic descriptions of Istanbul, the viewing directions, the depictions of buildings, and the overall cartographic composition in these maps are interpreted as features shaping a symbolic landscape that developed from an ideal vision to an actual garden-like urban environment, structured by land, water, and architecture.
by İffet Orbay.
Ph.D.
14
Kardas, Aysegul. "Transformation Of The Ottoman Built Environment In The Nineteenth Century In Anatolia: The Case Of Tokat." Master's thesis, METU, 2011. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12613743/index.pdf.
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In this study the Ottoman built environmet in the last period of the nineteenth century Anatolian city is examined. The study aims to explain the construction of new buildings as well as the transformation of earlier types during the process of contemporary modernization and centralization in the Empire. The main frame of the study is formed of the public and the private spaces that formed the urban built environment, and the transformation of these spaces. The city of Tokat has been chosen as the area of study, which still conserves built structures of the Ottoman as well as the earlier periods that are typical of an Anatolian city of the nineteenth century. Examining the transformation of public buildings and residential architecture in this city, this study emphasizes differences in degress of changes in public and private spaces, and the relation of such transformation with the central authority.
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Yilmaz, Yavuz Salim. "Restoration Project Of A Traditional House In Camiserif District 5227 Str. No:14 Mersin." Master's thesis, METU, 2005. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12606336/index.pdf.
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The subject of this thesis is to prepare the restoration project of a traditional house in CamiSerif District, Mersin, where has the most dense traditional house tissue, in order to handle the subject as a case study on the traditional houses of Mersin for the later conservation movements in the region.
Within the context of the study, the present states of the site and the building are studied in detail and the original state of the building is investigated through historical and comparative study of the building with other examples of traditional residential architecture.
The study ends with a proposal for a restoration project according to the evaluation of the information gathered.
16
Terndrup, Alison Paige. "Cross-Cultural Spaces in an Anonymously Painted Portrait of the Ottoman Sultan Mahmud II." Scholar Commons, 2015. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/5583.
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This thesis analyzes an anonymous portrait painting of the Ottoman Sultan Mahmud II (r. 1808-1839), called by its descriptive title Seated Portrait of Mahmud II, within the context of the extensive portrait campaign commissioned by the sultan. Surviving examples from this series of diplomatic portraits share a unique set of intercultural iconographic vocabularies as a reflection of their time as well as implicit reinforcement of the sultan's political goals. By focusing on Seated Portrait of Mahmud II, I argue that a closer inspection of the campaign within a context that pays attention to Ottoman, European, and Persian visual practices reveals a more accurate and comprehensive understanding of its cross-cultural histories and visual as well as ideological references. Structured to reflect the tripartite composition of the artwork itself, this thesis addresses the style and iconographies of the background, middleground, and foreground, respectively. Following a focused examination of the sultan's portrait, I compare Seated Portrait of Mahmud II to two contemporary paintings: Napoléon Bonaparte as First Consul (1808) from France and Portrait of Qajar Ali Shah Seated on a Chair Throne (1807) from Qajar Iran. While bringing attention to the art-historical implications of a hitherto understudied, yet significant portrait of Mahmud II, my work reexamines the early-modern history of Ottoman art within the larger framework of cross-cultural encounters.
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Katipoglu, Ceren. "An Analysis Of Architect Sinan'." Master's thesis, METU, 2007. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/3/12608641/index.pdf.
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This thesis focuses on the late period mosques of architect Sinan in terms of their structural systems, the relation with their environment, and the identities of their patrons. The links amongst the role of the patron, his or her status in the state, materials used in the mosques, location choice and the spatial distribution of the mosques are researched on the bases of these six late period mosques of Sinan. In this perspective, the social background of the Ottoman Empire in the sixteenth century is the first focal point of the thesis. The relations between the decadence of the institutions, the political conditions of the Ottoman Empire and the architectural production during the last quarter of the sixteenth century are examined in the second chapter of this thesis. In the third chapter these six late period mosques as the sampling case are described in detail and evaluated in terms of their bearing systems, construction materials, the site features and the relation with their patrons. Though, being one of the favorite subjects in the Ottoman architectural history, there are many research and interpretations on Sinan’
s architectural style, works on late period mosques are limited and not specifically focused. In the fourth chapter of the study these limited interpretations are brought together and evaluated in the light of the background information supplied in the previous chapter of the thesis. In this framework, the aim of this study is not only to assess the late period works of Sinan as a tool to trace his architectural process, but also to unveil the relations with the identities of the patrons and locational and structural features of the mosques.
18
Oncel, A. Derin. "Un nouveau type d'habitat ottoman à Galata (Istanbul) à la fin du XIXe siècle : questions de continuité et de rupture." Paris 8, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA082089.
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Un nouveau type d'habitat, que nous pouvons désigner sous l'appellation d'"immeuble collectif", correspond à un mode d'habiter assez éloigné des pratiques domestiques de la société ottomane en général et constitue une réponse au besoin de logements à Istanbul, ville surpeuplée, prise dans une période de modernisation qui marque également l'Empire. Le choix de cette solution est due notamment à l'initiative privée. Il se manifeste d'abord à Galata, l'ancienne cité levantine et à Pera, sa prestigieuse et luxueuse extension. Il n'est évidemment pas sans rapport avec l'influence occidentale dont les effets sont assez présents depuis le début du XIXe siècle. Cependant, la diffusion de ce nouveau type dans les autres quartiers et sa prééminence dans l'architecture domestique contemporaine en Turquie est tout à fait remarquable. Nos investigations sur les manières dont une tradition architecturale existante s'adapte aux nouvelles conditions, à l'échelle de l'espace urbain et architectural, ont mis en évidence la possibilité de parler d'étapes successives d'une évolution ; ainsi ce phénomène ne s'expliquerait plus seulement par l'hypothèse d'un simple transfert d'un modèle occidental. . .
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Benselama-Messikh, Safia. "Les fortifications ottomanes d’Alger : Essai de restitution typologique et défensive 1516-1830." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AIXM3095.
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Le XVIe siècle qui voit l'expansion de l'empire ottoman en Méditerranée orientale, propulse la petite bourgade d'Alger au rang de capitale de Régence et bastion militaire de la Porte Sublime, sur les côtes du Maghreb, face à l'hégémonie de l'empire espagnol. Les Ottomans qui la transforment en ville guerrière, lui créent un port artificiel, la dotent de nouveaux remparts et établissent autour d'elle, un réseau de points de fortification, qui quadrille le territoire et contrôle la province. Entre 1516 et 1830, Alger qui est surnommée al Maḥrūssa (la bien gardée), reste imprenable par la mer. Son souci permanent de protection se traduit par un renforcement et un entretien continuels de ses fortifications. Cet essai qui ne prétend qu'à une contribution au vaste champ de recherche d'un corpus inédit, est une enquête sur une architecture totalement inexplorée, sur la base d'archives et de relevés in situ. L'exploration des archives du Génie militaire français, constituant une source fondamentale en grande partie inédite, servira à la restitution de la structure défensive de la province d'Alger. L'intérêt de ce travail réside principalement dans l'identification des typologies constructive et architecturale militaires d'Alger ottoman, qui permettent de cerner la culture constructive de guerre ottomane en Afrique du NordThe 16th century which saw the expansion of the ottoman empire in Eastern Mediterranean, propels the small town of Algiers to the rank of capital of Regency and military bastion of the Sublime Porte, on the Maghreb coast, facing the hegemony of the Spanish empire. The Ottomans who transform it into city Warrior, creates an artificial port, equipped with new ramparts and establish around it, a network of points of fortification, which quadrille the territory and supervise the province. Between 1516 and 1830, Algiers which is called al Maḥrūssa (well kept), remains impregnable by the sea. Its permanent concern for protection is to show the strengthened and continual maintenance of its fortifications. This essay claiming to a contribution to the vast field of research of an unpublished corpus is an investigation into a totally unexplored architecture, on the basis of archives and records in situ. The exploration of the archives of the French military engineering, constituting a fundamental source largely unpublished, will serve as the return of the defensive structure of the province of Algiers. The interest of this work lies mainly in the identification of the military constructive typologies and architectural of ottoman Algiers, which identify the constructive culture of Ottoman war in North Africa
20
Touarigt, Belkhodja Assia. "Sūq-s et funduq-s à Alger, Tlemcen et Constantine vers la fin de la période ottomane." Thesis, Paris 4, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA040037.
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Alger, Tlemcen et Constantine possédaient, vers la fin de la période ottomane, de nombreux sūq-s et funduq-s. Très peu d’études ont été consacrées à ces structures économiques qui ont pour la plupart disparu après la prise d’Alger, au début du XIXe siècle. En se basant principalement sur des sources d’archives aussi bien de la période ottomane que du début de l’époque coloniale française, cette étude propose l’établissement d’un inventaire des établissements commerciaux de ces trois villes. Leur localisation topographique, les spécificités de leur implantation urbaine, les aspects toponymiques et socio-économiques sont également abordés dans le cadre de cette recherche. La confrontation de ces données avec les réalités du terrain a confirmé la disparition des funduq-s d’Alger, mais a révélé l’existence de quelques rares exemples existant encore à Constantine et à Tlemcen. Par ailleurs, des sources inédites datant du début du XIXe siècle et émanant des archives militaires françaises ont permis la reconstitution architecturale de cinq funduq-s algérois et de deux funduq-s constantinoisAlgiers, Tlemcen and Constantine had, towards the end of the Ottoman period, many sūq-s and funduq-s. Very few studies have been dedicated to these economic structures that have mostly disappeared after the capture of Algiers, in the early nineteenth century. Based primarily on archival sources from the Ottoman period as well as the beginning of the French colonial era, this study proposes the establishment of an inventory of commercial establishments in the three cities. Their topographic location, the specifics of their urban settlement, geographical names and socioeconomic aspects are also covered under this research. The comparison of these data with the realities on the ground confirmed the disappearance of funduq-s of Algiers, but revealed the existence of a few surviving examples in Constantine and Tlemcen. In addition, unpublished sources from the early nineteenth century and from the French military archives have enabled the architectural reconstruction of five funduq-s in Algiers and two funduq-s in Constantine
21
Cocen, Oget Nevin. "Identifying The Values Of Kucukbahce Village Through Its Architecture And Collective Memory." Master's thesis, METU, 2007. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12609163/index.pdf.
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Karaburun Peninsula is one of the coastal peripheral areas of Izmir where social, cultural and economicaal effects of Izmir on a rural environment can be seen. Karaburun, with a historical background that can be dated back as much as Izmir’
s, had continuously been inhabited and considered as a strategic place. However, it was never got densely populated and urbanized but had kept constant in its modest rural life. Complying with the context of the Aegean coast, it was compromised of villages with mutually living societies of Turkish and Rum people. Turkish people were the prevailing settlers on the peninsula and owners of most of the properties while Rums with many other poor Turkish people were the working group to earn their lives. However, this harmonious living in Ottoman villages had to last with the population exchange between the Rums in the peninsula and the Muslims in Aegean island and Balkans, as a consequence of Lausanne Treaty that took place in 1923. 1922 was a turning point in Karaburun peninsula&
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s life. It became a purely Turkish peninsula and with less population and idly in socioeconomic life compared to its past. Today, Karaburun consists of thirteen villages, which carry footprints of Ottoman legacy in varying levels of perception and ways of exposition. Unfortunately, most of the fairly populated villages&
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historic contexts are almost demolished. Kü
ç
ü
kbahç
e is one of these historic villages of the peninsula which is almost abandoned. However, it is a village, in which cultural, social and physical values of Ottoman period can still be perceived and their change can be followed. The study was conducted to identify the architectural characteristics, on the Aegean coast, of late Ottoman village, Kü
ç
ü
kbahç
e while understanding its rural life and determining its cultural, social and physical values. The thesis aims to reconstruct and visualize the rural life between 1850s and 1922 and physical environment of the village via juxtaposing some of the oral historic documents and the givens of the built environment. Thus, it conceives information to understand how change in social and cultural values influence and are reflected in the built environment of the historic village and establish knowledge on how this historic village can continue its living in contemporary life while conserving its inherited values from Ottoman period. On the whole, a source of reference on Kü
ç
ü
kbahç
e, where the collective memory of its inhabitants and its architecture are explained as the main sources for its description, is achieved. Thus, a base for further studies on the conservation of Kü
ç
ü
kbahç
e is established where politics of conservation strategies, principles for interventions and refunctioning of the village are determined. Accordingly, a conservation project for Kü
ç
ü
kbahç
e is decided to base on the three inputs of its current situation as: break, continuity and change. Hence, agro tourism is proposed as the new function of the village where continuity of the economic activities and social life will be sustained, the break in the life and development of the built environment will be recovered and the population characteristics and construction activities that are already in change will be defined to change in a conservation concsiously manner. Regarding the whole, this thesis contains necessary and satisfying information for a study of the possibilities on the re-functioning of the village. Thus, the decision on the function of the village and the structure of a conservation project has to be given by collaboration of a larger group of specialists building on the knowledge secured by this thesis.
22
LESK, ALEXANDRA L. "A DIACHRONIC EXAMINATION OF THE ERECHTHEION AND ITS RECEPTION." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1108170608.
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Tarchoun, Abdelhariz Mounira. "Sfax, ville tunisienne à l'époque ottomane : sa topographie, son histoire urbaine, sociale, économique et ses waqfs." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AIXM0058.
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Titre : Sfax à l'époque ottomane. Sa Topographie, Son Histoire Urbaine, Sociale et Commerciale et Ses waqfs Waqf, l'institution qui a joué un rôle primordial dans le développement urbain et l'organisation d'espace dans des villes d'époque d'Ottomane, souligne des relations entre les hommes et les femmes et l'environnement construit. Sfax est l'exemple étudié ici et le rôle de waqf dans intra et le développement urbain extramuros si les documents waqf représentent un champ bien documenté de nos jours, ce n'est pas le cas pour l'étude de la nature et de la typologie de ces documents, ni pour la terminologie et la diversité d'informations a trouvé en eux. Le doctorat se concentre sur l'impact de waqf sur le tissu urbain d'Ottoman Sfax de la fin du 16ème siècle à la colonisation française. Il étudie la vie urbaine organisée autour des endroits soutenusTitle: Sfax during the Ottoman Period. Its Topography, Its Urban, Social and Commercial History and Its WaqfsWaqf, the institution which played a primordial role in urban development and organisation of space in Ottoman-era cities, underlines relations between men and women and the built environment. Sfax is the example studied here and the role of waqf in intra and extramuros urban developmentIf the waqf documents represent a well-researched field nowadays, this is not the case for the study of the nature and typology of these documents nor for the terminology and diversity of information found within them.The PhD centers on the impact of waqf on the urban fabric of Ottoman Sfax from the end of the 16th century to the French colonisation. It studies urban life organised around places supported by waqf (mosques, zawiyas) as well as waqfs whose revenues supported society’s poor or the city infrastructure such as the maintenance of its walls.Furthermore, waqf participated in reinforcing the presence of European merchants and traders and the development of commercial life in Sfax
24
Andersen, Angela Lyn. "Cem Evleri: An Examination of the Historical Roots and Contemporary Meanings of Alevi Architecture and Iconography." The Ohio State University, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1436301378.
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Rosner, Ulrich. "Die ottonische Krypta." Köln : Abt. Architekturgeschichte des Kunsthistorischen Instituts der Universität zu Köln, 1991. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/25956240.html.
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Cankat, Louet Aysegül. "Istanbul multiple : empreintes architecturales et urbaines des communautés, du XIXe au milieu du XXe siècle." Paris 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA010504.
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Ce travail explore les formes de la diversité spatiale à Istanbul, les relations entre la ville et l'habitat, à partir d'une lecture urbaine et architecturale et d'un corpus cartographique. La période choisie s'inaugure avec un changement profond dans l'administration ottomane qui fait disparaître dans la législation les inégalités liées aux appartenances communautaires, mais, qui, simultanément, fait naître la différenciation communautaire. La recherche montre cette diversité au travers d'un échantillonnage spatial défini en fonction de la question de la diversité communautaire, allant de l'échelle de la ville à celle de l'habitat, s'intéressant principalement à la réalité physique des systèmes et des dispositifs de relations édifice-ville. La recherche permet de démontrer la multiplicité spatiale tout en infirmant l'hypothèse d'une spécificité spatiale liée à une spécificité confessionnelle. Une manière partagée d'habiter dépassant la volonté idéologique de créer des différences visibles semble s'être constituée à Istanbul, capitale de l'Empire ottoman de 1457 jusqu'en 1923.
27
Fries, Franck. "Damas (1860-1946) : la mise en place de la ville moderne : des réglements au plan." Paris 8, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA081816.
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Cette étude vise à montrer que la mise en place de la ville moderne à Damas ne débute pas à l'instauration du mandat, en 1920, mais trouve son origine dans les réformes ottomanes de la période des Tanzimat. Pour cela, nous nous sommes servis tant de sources écrites (ouvrages, documents administratifs, archives. . . ) que graphiques (plans, cadastre, projets. . . ). La démarche suivie se situe au croisement de ces deux types de sources, éclairés sans cesse des observations faites sur le terrain. La construction des premiers lotissements réguliers, au cours des années 1860, rend manifeste, pour la première fois, l'application de la nouvelle réglementation de construction, à Damas. . .
28
Mahi, Khalida. "La céramique architecturale des "Maîtres de Tabriz" dans les édifices ottomans des 15ème et 16ème siècles." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AIXM3129.
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Les « Maîtres de Tabriz » ont suscité un vif intérêt chez les chercheurs. Ces céramistes, qui ont orné des édifices ottomans au 15ème et 16ème siècle, demeurent pourtant mystérieux à bien des égards. L’absence de biographies rend leur identification incertaine et engendre par conséquent de nombreuses théories sur leur origine historique et géographique. Concrètement, ces maîtres ne sont connus qu’à travers leur nom figurant dans les inscriptions monumentales ou dans les archives ottomanes. Une investigation dans les textes anciens a alors été essentielle pour combler le manque d’indices. Cependant, certaines de ces sources écrites ont fait l’objet d’extrapolations et de spéculations aléatoires. Pourtant, elles sont considérées comme des éléments probants, ce qui fausse évidemment l’identification de ces céramistes. Il a été primordial de revenir sur les éléments d’identification. La relecture des sources primaires permet en effet de dégager les notions concrètes et d’écarter les hypothèses infondées. Tel est l’enjeu de la première partie de cette étude qui met en évidence les connaissances que l’on possède des « Maîtres de Tabriz ». La deuxième partie est consacrée à l’analyse technique et ornementale des céramiques architecturales. Les œuvres des « Maîtres de Tabriz » sont relativement bien connues. Elles ont fait l’objet de nombreuses publications, mais ont souvent été abordées de manière transversale. Cette étude propose une nouvelle approche en mettant en relation la production de chacun des quatre groupes de céramistes. Cette démarche permet ainsi de saisir l’évolution de cette production tout en mettant en avant les corrélations et les disparités artistiquesThe « Masters of Tabriz » generate high interest among researchers. These ceramists, who decorated ottoman buildings in the 15th and 16th centuries, remain mysterious in many respects. The absence of biographies makes their identification uncertain and hence leads to many different theories about their historical and geographical origins. In reality, these masters are only known for their names found on monumental inscriptions and from ottoman chancery documents. Thus, investigation into ancient texts became essential to fill in the lack of evidence. However, some of these written sources have led to extrapolations and uncertain speculations. Yet these have been accepted and considered as conclusive elements, which obviously misrepresent these master ceramists. It is thus essential to return to the elements of identification. Rereading primary sources written in Arabic, Persian and Ottoman gives evidence to concrete notions and dismisses unfounded suppositions. As the shadow zones round them tend to lead to myths, the objective of the first part of this study is to rectify the knowledge in our possession of the “Masters of Tabriz”.The second part consists of a technical and ornamental analysis of the architectural ceramic tiles. The productions of the “Masters of Tabriz”, principally found in Bursa, Edirne, Istanbul and Jerusalem, are relatively well known. They have been the subject of many publications, but have often been treated transversally. This study offers a new approach, comparing the productions of the four groups of ceramists. This procedure brings to light the progression of this production as it focuses on the artistic correlations and disparities
29
Yazici, Ezgi. "Theater In Nineteenth Century Istanbul: Cases For The Translation Of An Architectural Typology." Master's thesis, METU, 2010. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12612683/index.pdf.
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As far as the traditional Turkish theater does not refer to any architectural structurethe theater buildings that are built during the nineteenth century are identified with the ideals of modernity and treated as the literally translations of the Western typologies.This study aims to investigate the possbility of a geniune architectural language in the theaters of nineteeenth century Istanbul. While doing this, rather than offering a pure formal analysis,the study concentrates on the cultural panorama of the nineteenth century Istanbul, political and ideological changes, international relations, economic downturn and their impact on theater that starts to appear as a popular leisure time activity of the capital of the Ottoman Empire.
30
Tsakopoulos, Panayotis. "L'urbanisme dans le Péloponnèse au XIXème siècle : de la ville ottomane à la ville néo-hellénique." Paris 10, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA100074.
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Le XIXe siècle fut déterminant pour les villes du Péloponnèse en ce qui concerne la formation de leur image urbaine. Apres un processus de croissance spontanée marqué par les conceptions de différentes civilisations (de l'antiquité grecque ou romaine jusqu'aux vénitiens et aux ottomans, les nouveaux gestionnaires de l'espace introduisirent au lendemain de l'indépendance les méthodes de l'intervention urbaine des XVIIIe et XIXe siècles européens, qui entrainèrent des transformations radicales dans l'organisation de l'espace de la ville les formes urbanistiques et le processus de la production du bâti. Les occupations vénitienne et turque influèrent tout particulièrement sur la forme de la ville du Péloponnèse au cours du XVIIIe s. Les ottomans s'approprièrent l'espace urbain du pays conquis et articulèrent ses éléments de façon à les faire servir un système urbain spécifique. Au niveau des formes urbaines, la conquête turque laissa également ses empreintes sur des villes comme Corinthe, Argos et Tripolis. Ce sont précisément ces formes urbaines qui, constitueront l'objectif des interventions de régulation dans l'espace au lendemain de l'indépendance, pour les ingénieurs du corps du génie et de la brigade topographique du corps expéditionnaire du général Maison. Le passage de la ville ottomane à la ville néo-hellénique sera marque par la transformation de la mosquée en église, école ou en hôpital, de l’espace public irrégulier et clos en place carrée. Il sera encore marque par l'application des principes européens de l'intervention dans la ville, tels qu'ils étaient formules à la fin du XVIIIe et au début du XIXe s. Par des architectes, des médecins et de militaires, le besoin de rentabilité de l'espace et d'homogénéisation du plan étant associe à la garantie de l'hygiène et de la circulation dans la ville, ainsi qu'au recensement et au contrôle de l'activité urbaine. Durant toutes ces années (de 1828 à 1881), les plans de villes obéissent à différents modèles morphologiques, selon les tendances de l'urbanisme européen19th century has been determination for the formation of the urban image of the Peloponnesian towns. After their spontaneous development marked by the conceptions of various cultures (from the Greco-Roman antiquity to the venetians and the ottoman Turks), new methods of town-planning have been introduced just after the end of the independence war, those formed in Europe during the 18th and 19th centuries, which affected greatly the organization of the urban space. The Turkish occupation left thus important traces on the form of such towns as Corinth, Argos and Tripolis. It was precisely such forms that constituted, after the independence war, the main object of the town-planning undertaken by the engineers of the brigade of the general Maison. The transition from the ottoman town to the neo-Hellenic one will be marked by the transformation of the mosques into churches, schools and hospitals and the transformation of the irregular and closed public space into quadrilateral squares. It will also be marked by the application of the European principles of town-planning elaborated towards the end of the 18th and the beginning of the 1cth century not only by architects, but by physicians and military men as well, given that the rentability of the urban space and the homogenization of the town plan are closely associated to the sanitary conditions, to the traffic conditions and to the control of the urban activity in general
31
Masry, Ahmed M. el Hadım Süleyman. "Die Bauten von Ḫādim Sulaimān Pascha (1468-1548) : nach seinen Urkunden im Ministerium für fromme Stiftungen in Kairo /." Berlin : K. Schwarz, 1991. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb371486703.
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Fayyad, Imane. "L'habitat domestique à Damas, Homs et Hama aux époques mamelouke et ottomane (XIIIe-XVIIIe siècle)." Thesis, Amiens, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AMIE0015.
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Cette thèse explore l'habitat domestique traditionnel à l'époque mamelouke (XIIIe-XVIe siècle) dans les villes de Damas et de Homs. Le sujet a été élargi à la ville de Hama à l'époque ottomane (XVIIIe siècle). Aucune de ces villes n'a fait l'objet d'études approfondies et si les grandes demeures du Caire et de Tunis ont été relevées et étudiées, peu de recherches ont encore été faites sur celles de la Syrie. L'étude de l'architecture de l'habitat soulève des questions, notamment pour ces trois villes, qu'on peut classer en deux catégories : la première tient à l'architecture même de l'habitat et la seconde résulte de l'interaction de l'architecture de la demeure avec l'homme, l'environnement et la nature. La première partie de la thèse a pour objet l'étude de 6 demeures de l'époque mamelouke dans les villes de Homs et de Damas. La deuxième partie traitera de l'époque de transition mamelouke-ottomane à Damas (XVIe siècle), puis de l'époque ottomane (XVIIe et XVIIIe siècles). L'étude de l'habitat de Hama (XVIe et XVIIe siècles) est traitée séparément. La troisième partie, à travers des descriptions morphologiques, est consacrée aux réflexions sur l'habitat traditionnel. Il est ainsi possible d'établir des traits constants dans l'architecture mamelouke domestique des trois villes étudiées en ce qui concerne la construction, l'organisation et la décoration de leurs demeures. Grâce à l'analyse et à la reconstitution graphique (plans, élévations, photos) cette thèse montre donc que l'époque mamelouke a été la plus innovante en architecture et en décoration, l'époque ottomane s'étant plutôt distinguée par le raffinement dans les motifs de la décorationThis thesis explores the traditional domestic habitat during the mamluk period (from the 13th to the 16th century) in the towns of Damas and Homs. Its field of study was extended to the town of Hama during the ottoman period (18th century). None of these towns had been extensively studied before; in fact, whereas the major houses of Cairo and Tunis have been surveyed and analyzed, very few studies had been devoted to the Syrian cities until this work. Studying the architecture of any habitat raises a certain number of questions, especially as far as the selected Syrian towns are concerned. Such questions can be divided into two sets: the first one related to the very architecture of their habitat, the second one to the interaction of the architecture of the buildings with man, his environment and nature. The first part of the thesis studies six dwellings at the mamluk period in the towns of Hama and Damas.The second part deals with the transitional mamluk/ottoman period and with the ottoman period (17th-18th centuries). The study of Hama's habitat is dealt with separately. The third part is devoted to more theoretical points about the traditional habitats, thanks to morphological descriptions.Thus it is possible to draw up constant features in the domestic mamluk architecture of the three towns, as far as the construction, organization and decoration of their houses is concerned.Thanks to the above analyses and the graphic reconstruction of the dwellings (plans, scales, photos), the thesis shows that the mamluk period was the most innovative one in architecture and decoration, whereas the ottoman period was most distinctive for the refinement in its decorative patterns and designs
33
Boqvist, Marianne. "Architecture et développement urbain à Damas, de la conquête ottomane à la fondation du waqf de Murad Pacha." Paris 4, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA040188.
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La présente étude s'intéresse à l'architecture et au développement urbain à Damas au cours du premier siècle de la domination ottomane, de la conquêete au dernier grand waqf impérial (922-1077/1516-1608). Trois approches ont été successivement développées pour évaluer les effets de la conquête sur l'organisation spatiale de la ville et sur son architecture. Sont ainsi abordés le développement urbain, l'évolution des plans de bâtiments et enfn la question des matériaux et techniques de construction. La méthode adoptée allie l'étude des documents d'archive et chroniques à celle des vestiges matériels pour obtenir le plus grand corpus possible sur les facteurs et les acteurs du développement urbain à Damas au XVIe siècle. Le rôle de Damas comme point de départ de la caravane du pélerinage s'avère ainsi l'un des essentiels dans le développement des nouveaux quartiers. L'étude cherche aussi à cerner les spécificités de l'architecture damascène au XVIe siècleThis is a study of the architectural and urban development in Damascus during the first century of ottoman rule, from the conquest to the foundation of the waqf of Murad Pacha. Themethod I've applied is threefold and concernes urban development, structure and space in buildings and construction material and techniques. All these three different approaches to the subject are interconnected through the methodology that is based on primary sources, both written and archeological material that is used in the aim to obtain as much information as possible on the factors and actors of urban development in 16th century Damascus. One of the most significant factors in the development of the new city centres is the pilgramage caravan. The study aims also at pointing out the specificities of the damascene architecture in the 16th c
34
Seffadj, Zine-Eddine. "Les quartiers d’Alger pendant la période ottomane : organisation urbaine et architecturale du quartier Hwanat Sidi 'abd Allah." Paris 4, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA040040.
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La dialectique ville-quartier a fait l'objet de recherches récentes entreprises sous des angles divers mais aboutissant à des conclusions convergentes, impliquant la nécessité d'une réévaluation globale. Concernant Alger, nombreuses sont les études qui abordent l'histoire de l'urbanisme de cette ville à partir de celle de ces grands édifices, mais les quartiers en tant qu'entité urbaine n'ont jamais fait l'objet de travaux spécifiques. Les études urbanistiques les plus approfondies sont consacrées à l'époque ottomane, lorsque Alger a été érigée en capitale du Maghreb al-Awsat. L'importante urbanisation de la ville pendant cette période de quatre siècles (XVIe-XIXe siècle) a engendré la multiplication et la subdivision des quartiers, entrainant des mutations du tissu urbainThe dialectics of city and quarters has been the subject of recent researches, undertaken under various aspects, but leading to convergent conclusions, which imply the necessity of a global revaluation. Concerning Algiers, many are the studies that apprehend the urbanistic history of the city through its main buildings, whereas the quarters as urban entities have never been the subject of specific studies. The most thorough of urbanistic studies are focused on the ottoman period, when Algiers was set up as the capital of Maghreb al-Awsat. The important urbanisation of the city during this four centuries period (16th to 19th) generated a multiplication and subdivision of quarters, thus leading to transformations of the urban tissues
35
Chergui, Samia. "Construire, gérer et conserver les mosquées en al-Djaz. ’ir ottomane (XVIe–XIXe siècles)." Paris 4, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA040023.
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L’expansion urbaine d’Alger, pendant la période ottomane (XVIe-XIXe siècle), était conditionnée par son destin de forteresse. Non seulement les incessantes attaques maritimes européennes l’avaient condamnée à se confiner dans le périmètre de ses fortifications, mais ses propres structures étaient régulièrement menacées de violentes destructions dues aux catastrophes naturelles. La ville qui avait atteint sa forme finale, vers la fin du XVIIe siècle, ne demeurait cependant guère figée. Son dynamisme se traduisait par l’entretien perpétuel du cadre bâti. Il se manifestait aussi dans la consolidation des fortifications et enfin dans la construction, restauration ou rénovation occasionnelle des édifices majeurs notamment religieux. L’exploitation de la documentation hƒxabus, pour la plupart inédite, servira à appréhender les moyens déployés pour la prise en charge des bâtiments, en cette période déterminante. Accompagné de recherches philologiques et de prospections in situ, ce travail permettra de cerner autant la procédure de construction que le processus d’entretien et de gestion des mosquées ou de leurs biens-fonds. D’où son intérêt qui réside principalement dans l’identification des mécanismes de construction et de conservation du patrimoine architectural, notamment religieux et hƒrabus, durant l’époque ottomaneAlgiers’ urban expansion during the ottoman period (XVIth –XIXth century) was conditioned by its destiny of fortress. Not only the frequent maritime European attacks have condemned it to be confined within its fortifications perimeter, but its own structures were regularly threatened to be destroyed by natural catastrophes. The city has reached its final from towards the end of the XVIIth century, but did not remain so fixed. Its dynamism was expressed by the perpetual maintenance of its buildings. It was also expressed by the consolidation of its fortifications, and the construction, restoration, or occasional renovation of major buildings, especially religious ones. The exploitation of the hƒrabus documentation, witch was mostly inedited, will be sed to apprehend the means used for the management of these buildings, in this determinant period. This work, together with philological research and in situ prospecting, will allow us to fully understand both the construction process and the maintenance and management processes of the mosques or their surrounding. Thus, its main interest resides principally in the identification of the construction and architectural patrimony conservation mechanisms, especially religious and hƒrabus buildings, during the ottoman period
36
Durocher, Maxime. "Zāwiya et soufis dans le Pont intérieur, des Mongols aux Ottomans : contribution à l’étude des processus d’islamisation en Anatolie médiévale (XIIIe-XVe siècles)." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUL102.
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Alors que le rôle du soufisme dans les processus d’islamisation de l’Anatolie à l’époque tardo-médiévale a été étudié depuis le début du XXe siècle, l’architecture des pôles de dévotion, dénommés zāwiya dans les sources textuelles, est longtemps restée à la marge de l’historiographie de l’architecture islamique en Anatolie. Les prospections archéologiques dans le Pont intérieur (Anatolie septentrionale) et les recherches dans les archives d’Istanbul et d’Ankara ont permis de rassembler un important corpus de sites et de sources documentaires qui y sont liées, majoritairement des chartes de fondation (waqfiyya). Cet ensemble concerne la période comprise entre la conquête mongole de l’Anatolie en 1243 et l’intégration progressive du Pont intérieur dans le giron de l’Empire ottoman durant le premier quart du XVe siècle. La thèse propose une étude multiscalaire de ces corpus complémentaires afin de comprendre la place de ces institutions et des communautés qu’elles hébergent dans les processus d’islamisation, entendu dans un sens large, qui touchent l’Anatolie durant cette période. La première partie étudie ainsi l’évolution de l’architecture de ces monuments dont le caractère polyfonctionnel est révélé par l’étude des waqfiyya. Dans un second temps, la thèse s’attache à analyser les modalités d’implantation des zāwiya, en ville et à la campagne, ainsi que leurs assises économiques. Enfin, la troisième partie questionne la formation de réseaux soufis aux échelles régionales et micro-locales. Le rôle de ces pôles de dévotion dans la transformation d’une topographie chrétienne du sacré préexistante est également exploré à partir de l’étude des remplois antiques et byzantinsWhile Sufism and its role in the Islamization process of late-medieval Anatolia was studied since the early 20th Century, the architecture of dervish lodges, commonly named zāwiya in written sources, was neglected for a long time in the historiography of Islamic architecture in Anatolia. Archaeological surveys in the Inner Pontos region (Northern Anatolia) and research in the archives at Istanbul and Ankara have brought together an important corpus of sites and documentary sources related to these buildings, mostly endowment deeds (waqfiyya). This corpus covers the period between the Mongol conquest of Anatolia in 1243 and the progressive integration of the Inner Pontos into the Ottoman realm during the first quarter of the 15th Century. The dissertation proposes a multi-scalar analysis of these complementary corpuses in order to better understand the role played by these institutions and the Sufi communities that they host in the Islamization of Anatolia, understood as a multi-dimensional process. The first chapters discuss the multi-functional character of zāwiya, as reflected in waqfiyya, and the evolution of their architecture. Then follows, in the second part, an analysis of the settlement pattern of these dervish lodges, in the city and the countryside, and a study of their economic resources. Finally, the third part questions the formation of Sufi networks at a regional and micro-local scale. A study of the antique and byzantine spolia observed in these buildings questions the role of these buildings in the transformation of a pre-extant, mostly Christian, sacred topography
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Mokrani, Boukari Amel. "La ville de Mila (Algérie), des origines à la fin de la période ottomane. Étude urbaine, archéologique et architecturale." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUL173.
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Mîla, est une ville d’Algérie, située dans le constantinois. Elle est construite sur la ville antique de Milev. Très peu d’études ont été consacrées à son développement urbain et architectural. Une partie de son potentiel a disparu au début de la colonisation française au XIXe siècle et au XXe siècle, suite à l’abandon de la ville par ses habitants. En se basant sur les sources écrites des voyageurs arabes, la documentation d’archives de la période coloniale jamais exploitée, les différents plans et projets réalisés lors de l’occupation de Mîla, les résultats de fouilles archéologiques et sur essentiellement un travail de terrain, cette étude propose une reconstitution urbaine, architecturale et archéologique de la ville durant la période ottomane ainsi qu’un inventaire des édifices religieux, militaires et domestiques. Leurs localisations topographiques, descriptions architecturales et reconstitutions spatiales sont également abordées. Ces données, toutes puisées de la réalité du terrain, sont systématiquement accompagnées d’un relevé architectural. Par ailleurs, en s’appuyant sur le processus de formation de Mîla à travers l’histoire et sur son premier plan cadastral inédit, cette étude propose l’analyse urbaine et morphologique de la ville. Cette analyse a permis la reconstitution de Mîla durant la période ottomane avec ses remparts, ses portes, ses quartiers, ses rues, ses places, ses souks et qaysarīyya, ses hammâms et bien entendu ses établissements religieux. D’autre part, cette étude propose une reconstitution de la Grande mosquée de Mîla « Sidi Ghanem » durant la période ottomane comme un dernier témoin de l’édifice avant ses multiples transformationsMîla is a city of Algeria, located in the region of Constantine. It is built on the ancient city of Milev. Very few studies have been devoted to its urban and architectural development. Part of its potential disappeared at the beginning of the French colonization in the nineteenth century and twentieth century, following the abandonment of the city by its inhabitants. Based on the written sources of the Arab travelers, the archive documentation of the colonial period never exploited, the different plans and projects made during the occupation of Mîla, the results of archaeological excavations and essentially on a field work, this study proposes a urban, architectural and archaeological reconstruction of the city during the Ottoman period as well as an inventory of religious, military and domestic buildings. Their topographical locations, architectural descriptions and spatial reconstructions are also dealt with. These data, all drawn from the reality of the field, are systematically accompanied by an architectural survey. Moreover, based on Mîla's process of formation throughout history and on its first unpublished cadastral plan, this study proposes the urban and morphological analysis of the city. This analysis allowed the reconstruction of Mîla during the Ottoman period with its fortifications, its doors, its headquarters, streets, squares, souks and qaysarīyya, its hammams and of course its religious institutions. On the other hand, this study proposes a reconstruction of the Grand Mosque of Mîla “Sidi Ghanem” during the Ottoman period as a last witness of the building before its multiple transformations
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Ugur, Selen. "An Architectural And Social Inventory Of The Past And The Present: Documenting The 19th Century Houses In Mentesbey." Master's thesis, METU, 2004. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/3/12605125/index.pdf.
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Culture and all of its aspects are best reflected in the home environments. Home is not only a house which is a shelter but a place with social, psychological and emotional associations, and manifests in the continous use of a house. Continuity of use in the home environments is both conceptual and physical, and this can be observed in traditional or historical domestic contexts, to which the Ottoman vernacular house is an example.
This study introduces the village of MenteSbey and its 19th century vernacular home environments within their socio-cultural context. MenteSbey was once a prominent center for kadis, Ottoman state officials and judges. The profession of kadilik played an important role in the social development of the village that in turn affected the domestic architecture, which can be grouped into two as kadi and standard houses. MenteSbey houses constitute a good example for tracing "home"
, "
continuity of use"
and "
status"
in the Ottoman house as some are still inhabited by the families descending both from the lineage of kadis and other families of the 19th century. Seventeen of these houses are documented with their plans, photographs and inhabitants in the study. This study is also an initial step for the possible cultural, architectural and historical studies in and around MenteSbey in the future, and most of all for preserving MenteSbey and its houses for the coming generations.
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Tsinas, Christophoros. "L' éclectisme architectural à Thessalonique (1850-1940)." Paris 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA010519.
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L'éclectisme est le courant architectural qui caractérise le paysage urbain de la ville de Thessalonique à partir de 1850 et jusqu'à 1940. Il constitue une conséquence directe des réformes de l'Etat Ottoman de cette période et en même temps une transcription matérielle de l'esprit du lieu. Il peut être divisé en trois périodes : 1) 1850 - 1880 (programmes: édifices publics et religieux, passages couverts, maisons de rapport, techniques constructives: bois, maçonnerie de pierre, métal, verre) 2) 1880 - 1917 (programmes: édifices publics, villas, édifices religieux et commerciaux etc. Techniques: maçonnerie de pierre, brique, métal, verre, béton armé, architectes: Poselli, Arrigoni, Péonidès) et 3) 1917 - 1940 (programmes : immeubles de rapport, immeuble de bureaux, techniques : béton armé, architectes : Moché, Rubens, Manoussos). L'éclectisme architectural à Thessalonique s'est avéré comme l'un des instruments principaux de modernisation et d'européanisation de la part de l'Etat Ottoman, de différentiation des différentes communautés de la ville, ainsi que l'expression de la classe bourgeoise et de l'individu et du climat de tolérance et de liberté relative de l'époque. Les notions de l'architecte, de l'ornementation, ainsi que de théâtralité ont joué un rôle très important.
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Ben, Mohamed Sadok. "Palais du Bardo à Tunis : une histoire architecturale au temps des réformes." Thesis, Paris 4, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA040067.
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Pour l’étude de l’histoire architecturale du palais beylical du Bardo à Tunis, nous avons jugé utile de répartir notre recherche en trois grandes parties. La première partie, intitulée présentation historique, est réservée à l’étude des sources et des conditions générales de la création architecturale à Tunis pendant l’époque des réformes (1824-1881). La deuxième partie, intitulée palais du Bardo : étude monographique, est consacrée à l’étude architecturale des monuments qui subsistent encore dans le palais du Bardo ainsi qu’à l’étude des chantiers de construction et de restauration qui se sont déroulés dans le palais à l’époque des beys réformateurs (Husayn Pacha, Mustafâ Pacha, Ahmad Pacha, Muhammad Pacha et Muhammad al-Sâdik Pacha). La troisième partie, intitulée la construction beylicale à Tunis à l’époque des réformes, est réservée à l’étude des caractéristiques de l’art de construction à Tunis pendant l’époque des réformes, à travers les données présentées dans les deux premières partiesTo study the architectural history of the Beylical Bardo palace in Tunis , we have chosen to divide our research into three main parts, the first part entitled historical presentation , is reserved for the study of source and general conditions of the architectural creation in Tunis during the time of reforms (1824-1881). The second part entitled the Bardo palace; monographic study, is reserved for the architectural study of the monuments that still remain in the building sites and restoration that took place in the palace at the time of the reforming Beys ( Husayn Pacha , Mustafâ Pacha , Ahmad Pacha , Muhammad Pacha et Mohammad al-Sâdik Pacha )As for the third part , entitled the beylical building in Tunis at the time of reforms, is reserved for the study of the building art characteristics in Tunis during the era of reforms inferred (derived ) from the data that we have drawn from the two firs parts
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Morkoc, Selen Bahriye. "A study of Ottoman narratives on architecture: text, context and hermeneutics/ Selen Bahriye Morkoc." 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/22331.
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"April 2006"Bibliography: leaves 312-324.
ix, 324 leaves : ill., map, photographs (col.) ; 30 cm.
Title page, contents and abstract only. The complete thesis in print form is available from the University Library.
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Adelaide, School of Architecture, Landscape Architecture and Urban Design, 2006
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Tate, Jennifer Leigh. "The language of the Dolmabahçe Palace : communicating change in the Tanzimat-Era Ottoman Empire." 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/21401.
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The Dolmabahçe Palace in Istanbul, Turkey, stretches along the European side of the Bosphorus shore in monumental glory, opened with great fanfare in 1856. An unapologetically lavish and bold statement from an Empire that would not last another century, the palace sits at a crossroads between Ottoman and Turkish history, representing in one era optimism for the future and in another era the decaying remains of the past. Despite its construction in a time of modernization and liberalization within the Empire, current interpretations of the palace describe it as both a symptom and a cause of this decay—an exercise in international chest-thumping meant to show Ottoman strength, blind westernization, or the bankrupting capricious work of a frivolous Sultan. An understanding of the ways in which this era of Ottoman history, and thus the narrative of the palace, have been politicized reveals the bias in these perspectives and obscures the true purpose of the palace: to serve as a physical embodiment of the principles of reformation and modernization. Using the language of architecture, the palace addresses a time of great national and international change by speaking to the creation of a civic Ottoman identity, providing tangible proof of the Empire’s political commitment and drive to reform, and encouraging Ottoman citizens to take up a more modern lifestyle. The building’s eclectic and ornate style represents a synthesis of identities and outlooks that link the Tanzimat reform era and the reign of Sultan Abdülmecid to an Ottoman past, a reforming present, and an internationally-oriented future. It is the goal of this study to demonstrate how exactly the Dolmabahçe Palace communicates the architectural as political—the ways in which its forms, symbolism, and ornamental pattern language speak to an Empire and a world in the process of change.text
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Necipoğlu-Kafadar, Gülru. "The formation of an Ottoman imperial tradition the Topkapı Palace in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries /." 1986. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/22326561.html.
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Vytejčková, Kateřina. "Osmanský dům v Anatolii a na Balkáně." Master's thesis, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-313447.
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OTTOMAN HOUSES IN ANATOLIA AND THE BALKANS Ottoman houses in Anatolia and the Balkans are situated in the areas, which were the part of the Ottoman Empire during many centuries and where the Ottoman centralized legal system was applied. This houses belonged to Muslims and Christians, who were local landowners, merchants, and craftsmen. Design of the houses reflects the statute and lifestyle of their owners. Most of the preserved houses originate from the 17th century until the transition of the 19th to the 20th century. They are multi-storeyed houses, which have some external and internal features. It is typical that they have overlapping upper storey to the sides, which are buttressed by wooden braces. Most frequently their ground floor is walled from stones and the upper floors has wooden, half-timbered frame with the filling of an unburnt bricks. The ground floor was used as a service area and on the upper floors there are habitable rooms. These rooms were divided into the male and the female-family section, they could be also divided according to the seasons to the rooms for the winter living and for the summer living. Specific feature of the rooms in ottoman houses is mulifunctionality.
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Vytejčková, Kateřina. ""Džemevi" - domy shromáždění alevitů v Turecku." Doctoral thesis, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-380270.
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The subject of this work are houses of assembly - cemevi at Alevis in Turkey. The current Alevis follow on from the so - called Kizilbash (Qizilbash), who lived in the territory of the Ottoman Empire and the teachings of the mystical order of Bektashi, which was associated with the Ottoman Empire and the corps of Janissaries. Contemporary Alevism (alevilik), understood either as a religion or as a culture, is a product of the 20th century. Cemevi is a house where Alevis gather to conduct their own rituals. Modern day cemevi serves as multifunctional religious and cultural center where besides the rituals, teaching takes place and funerals are conducted. In this work I pursue the development of houses of assembly, deriving their terminology from two main sources - the form of the Bektashi ritual space (meydan) and from the village architecture of the Alevis populated areas. Today's cemevi is not only an architectural phenomenon but also a political problem, so I reflect on the Alevis' struggle to equate it with other sanctuaries and describe the focus of Alevis' roots, which in most cases initiate the construction of the cemevi. The appea- rance of the cemevi buildings, taking into account the available budget, is influenced by the perception of Alevism of their builders. Part of this work is field...
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Bukowska, Aneta. "Najstarsza katedra w Poznaniu : problem formy i jej genezy w kontekście architektury około roku 1000." Praca doktorska, 2011. https://ruj.uj.edu.pl/xmlui/handle/item/53657.
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