Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Architecture – Paris (France) – 20e siècle'
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Daufresne, Jean-Claude. "Architectures de fêtes à Paris au XXeme siècle : architectures éphémères de 1919 à 1989." Paris 4, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA040225.
Full textRossi, Pauline. "L'Est parisien : genèse d'une reconquête (1919-1975)." Thesis, Paris 4, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA040073.
Full textMost historians described the master plan established in 1983, in Paris, as the first attempt to reshape the Eastern part of the town. From the turn of the 19th century to the 1970's, the districts east of the city were considered as the realm of industry, of workers and cheap housing. These districts did not match the overall prestige of the French capital and their development was miserably lagging behind the rest of the city : public spaces as well as buildings and urban planning could not bear comparison with the luxury of the Western districts, not to mention the city centre. However, between 1919, when urban planning received a new impetus, and 1975, when the developers and the public understood the real value of the underestimated neighbourhoods, the districts east of the city were occasionally rebuilt. During this process, one often stressed the destruction resulting from a modernization process effort. It is time to reassess the full consequences of the last century
Peters, Christian. "Hauptstadtsymbolik und Architektur : eine Untersuchung zu den Formen politischer Selbstdarstellung in der Berliner Republik und im Paris der Ära Mitterand." Paris, EPHE, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008EPHE4024.
Full textDauss, Markus. "Die architektonische Symbolisierung politischer, sozialer und kultureller Institutionen in Berlin und Paris (1871-1918) : Studien zur politischen Ikonologie öffentlicher Architekturen im deutschen Kaiserreich und der dritten Republik." Paris, EPHE, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004EPHE4029.
Full textOur study tries to examine the role of public buildings in the capitals of the German Empire (Berlin) and the third French Republic (Paris) from 1871 to 1918. The urban space is therefore being considered as a crystallization of the national community and its construction of identity. Political history has since some time focussed on the study of collective identity and its symbolization. The approach we have adopted for our study is a crossing of this current of political history and of a more classical kind of history of architecture. It could be called political iconology of architecture in Paris and Berlin. Our study which tries to close this gap hopes to find its readers in both countries. It treats the following building types: Basilique of the Holy Heart, parliamentary assemblies, government and post offices, town halls, museums, churches and Synagogues
Markovics, Alexis. "L'immeuble de rapport posthaussmannien à Paris : la production exemplaire, ordinaire et commerciale d’Albert Sélonier (1858-1926), architecte." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010VERS010S.
Full textBetween 1893 and 1926, Albert Sélonier designed two hundred and twelve residential properties in Paris. He had a modest background and no qualifications so he stood for a professional group which devoted itself to the housing market in particular. As his buildings were erected following housing estate campaigns, they prove that the tenure of land depended as much on hygiene rules as on business objectives. The building is a strongly modeled architectural pattern whose plan is subject on its built structure. According to the neighbourhood, the surface areas and the provided services the range of rents can perceptibly change. Actually the rental value of a parcel determines its land value. Considering the price per square meter, the building cost, the property value and the return on invested capital, the competitiveness of these buildings intended to the accomodation of the bourgeoisie can easily be demonstrated. Designed for the common practice of Parisian life, the flats reproduce the usual partitions between day and night, reception and services. These parts are connected by differenciated passageways organized into a hierarchy - the flat results in the sum of " Louis Style" rooms with a strictly defined use. Corridors, anterooms and galleries connect them and they are separated by either open or closed doors according to the day and night hours. For their ordinary quality, the Albert Sélonier's buildings are representative of the Post Haussmann works whose inherited distinctive characteristics are being carried on after 1918
Tomiczek, Marek. "Juliusz Nagórski (1887-1944), un architecte, élève de l'Ecole des Beaux-Arts, entre Paris et Varsovie." Paris 4, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA040234.
Full textGonzález, Llovera Wilbert de Jesús. "Histoire critique du Musée National d'Ethnographie : des origines jusqu'au Musée des Arts et Traditions Populaires." Paris 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA010537.
Full textYamana, Yoshiyuki. "Les ateliers de construction Schwartz-Hautmont : l'évolution d'un entrepreneur-industriel 1919-1977." Paris 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA010536.
Full textBowie, Karen. "L'"éclectisme pittoresque" et l'architecture des gares parisiennes au 19e siècle." Paris 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA010563.
Full textGimbal, Julie. "L’architecture de grande hauteur à Paris (1893-1973) : débats et hypothèses autour d’une spécificité française." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUL152.
Full textHigh-rise architecture raises a whole set of urban mythologies and historical constructions that, indefinitely, value its symbolic dimensions or debate its definition, its place of birth and its place in modern times. The skyscraper, the tower are objects of fascination often taken in the frame of great narratives which, by noting the most striking manifestations, omit the minor traces which are so fundamental echoes of the emission and the reception of architecture, likely to rebalance the speeches. Thanks to a large body of works and sources, this research project aims to understand the ideological and urban situation of high-rise architecture in Paris, its emergence in the French opinion in 1893 (World Fair of Chicago) to its condemnation in the early 1970s, under the action of convergent criteria: Olivier Guichard's Circular of March 21, 1973 (Tours and Barres) and the stop of the towers proclaimed a year later by the president of the Republic Valéry Giscard d'Estaing
Benlian, Michèle. "Modes d'émergence de l'architecture contemporaine à travers l'édification des premiers musées d'art moderne, entre New York et Paris au XXème siècle." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018USPCA013.
Full textThe thesis concerns the history of contemporary architecture artistic and cultural. The period is the 20th century and the events take place in New York and Paris. - My research poses the following hypothesis. The creation and erection of the first museum of modern art, the MoMA in New York, opened the way to contemporary architecture though the edification of the museum. American and French views on architecture do not stem from the same school of thought. One direction of architecture leans on a formal view findings links in art and the reception of art, the other architecture opens the formal projection of architecture in relation to the city. - The demonstration is done using examples taken from the history of modern architecture from 1910 until the late sixties : the creation of MoMA in New York in 1929 and its construction in 1939. Then, there are the works of the Solomon Guggenheim Museum in 1959 and the realization of the Whitney Museum in 1966, and the enlargements of MoMA. In parallel, we are developing the construction of the National Museum of Modern Art in Paris in 1936, at the Palais de Tokyo. The following are taken into account the different intellectual considerations in Art, the artists, the conflicts, the actors and the places, the different uses and the influence of the neighbouring areas on the museums themselves, the architects and the aesthetics of the buildings put into function and the effects/influences caused by each building
Luste, Boulbina Seloua. "La symbolique politique des grands travaux du Président Mitterand." Paris 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA010315.
Full textMansion-Prud'homme, Nina. "Archives d'architectes en France, 1968-1998 : jeux d'acteurs et enjeux historiographiques autour de l'Institut français d'architecture." Thesis, Bordeaux 3, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019BOR30056.
Full textThis thesis analyses the milestones of the development of a public and national policy for the conservation of the archives of architects in France in the last quarter of the 20th century and its effects on the history of contemporary French architecture. Covering a period from the late 1960s to the early 2000s, this work highlights the role of an institution: the Institut français d'architecture. On the one hand, the thesis analyses the modalities of emergence and institutionalization of structures in charge of collecting architectural archives in France by looking into the challenges of institutional competition, the stakes of the programmatic debate and the individual trajectories. On the other hand, through the question of architects' archives, this work questions the construction of the historical discipline in architecture. By drawing the portrait of a milieu, the study questions the autonomy of a disciplinary field divided between different educational institutions and between divergent ambitions. By examining the evolution of its collection and the way history was written through publications and exhibitions, the study establishes the place of the IFA and its Centre d'archives d'architecture du XXe siècle in the production of the history of recent architecture in France. Through the cross-referenced analysis of written and oral sources, this work proposes to consider three periods (1968-1980; 1980-1988; 1988-1998) during which the development of a policy for the conservation of the archives of architects defined an institutional, methodological and epistemological framework which renovated the way architectural history was made, taught and written. In addition to the institutional, administrative and political dynamics, the thesis highlights the role of pioneering personalities (André Chastel, Maurice Culot, Bruno Foucart, etc.) who have shaped contemporary architectural French history as we know it today
Brachet, Champsaur Florence. "Créer c'est avoir vu le premier. Les Galeries Lafayette et la mode (1893-1969)." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PSLEH069.
Full textThis thesis researches the role of Galeries Lafayette at the heart of the French fashion system. It re-evaluates the role of retail and department stores as value-creating intermediaries in the relationship between producer and consumer. Additionally, the research highlights the innovative capacity of a family business and shows that the introduction of new organizational methods in retail trade along the 20th century, imported and adapted from the United States, was as much present as in manufacturing enterprises. In the first part, the thesis looks at the foundation of the company, its competitors and its customers. To differentiate themselves, Galeries Lafayette manufactured and sold models inspired by those of the couturiers under the store private label. At the turn of the twentieth century, while fashion houses claimed a monopoly on trend setting, Galeries Lafayette introduced fashion in department store. This effective appropriation of fashion design built the legitimacy of the company as an intermediary, and posited the prescribing power of the brand in the fashion market. It also made Galeries Lafayette a player in the economy of counterfeiting, a major issue for the apparel industry in the inter-war period. The thesis shows, however, that various management regimes for design exist at Galeries Lafayette. In a second part, we analyze the investments of the company in the creative industries and in particular the cases of Chanel Perfumes as well as Madeleine Vionnet and Jean Patou fashion houses. In doing so, for the first time, the thesis analyzes the financing of fashion houses thus unbundling the study of the main actors in the fashion system. In a third part, the thesis studies competitive and market change from World War II onwards: the modernization of the clothing industry, the ready-to-wear revolution, and the emergence of new capitals of fashion besides Paris. The dismantling of the vertical integration in manufacturing, the opening of central purchasing to new suppliers, the pioneering establishment of in-house fashion forecasting office in the early 1950s induced a new organization and changes in the link between creators, designers, industrialists and customers for Galeries Lafayette
Flonneau, Mathieu. "L'automobile à la conquête de Paris, 1910-1977 : formes urbaines, champs politiques et représentations." Paris 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA010507.
Full textMonnier, Gérard. "Architecture et culture en France de 1918 à1950." Paris 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA010564.
Full textLee, You-Sook. "L'activité picturale à Paris en 1945." Université Marc Bloch (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996STR20045.
Full textIn 1945 the artistic activity has briskly amplified. In the particular reopening atmosphere of the museum of the louvre and galleries, classic and modern trends are all well welcomed. Among exhibitions, the tendency of the abstract art has the wind in stern. The young artists work under the influence of the fauvism and the cubism, their elders matisse and picasso. The main painters of this second generation of the abstract art are then bazaine, esteve and lapicque, that expose to the gallery louis carre, john fautrier with its series of otages to the gallery of rene drouin, and participants to the exhibition of the concrete art where is asserting the geometrical abstraction. The emergence of the lyrical abstraction to paris in 1945 results at once from the cubism, the fauvism and the surrealism, whose researches and contributions are recaptureed in new forms by the young abstract painters
Soppelsa, Caroline. "Le XIXe siècle et la question pénitentiaire : un siècle d'expérimentations architecturales dans les prisons de Paris." Thesis, Tours, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016TOUR2003.
Full textIn the wake of a reformatory drive initiated back in the middle of the 18th century, prisons erected after the French Revolution are the results of a redefinition of prison architecture, henceforth a fully fledged architectural programme in its own right. Taking as an example the prisons successively fitted our or built in Paris and in the Seine department in the 19th century, wether reset or built from scratch, the present study deals with the history of designs as a result of the development of penal policies during that period and with regard to confinement regulations. Under the vigilant gaze of decison markers, and regularly inspected, the penitentiary institutions in the capital city represent an outstanding laboratory for experimenting the measures to be later implemented nationwide. This analysis concentrates on the work of the architect responsible for building prisons ; it starts out with a detailed presentation of the administrative framework and procedures centered around the strong and sometimes contradictory requirements of the programme. Since a prison a town within the town, undertakes to reproduce behind its walls all the aspects of the daily life of a large number of individuals, the challenge for prison architecture and architects consists in using and trying to fit to its own constraint practically all common architectural typologies, from lodgins to workshop, from hospitals to church, from school to barracks. Beyond a simple case study, the present thesis is designed to inform a future general history of prison architecture in France
BRANCIARD, LAETITIA. "Les relations culturelles entre paris et madrid de 1914 a 1931 itineraires, roles et influences des artistes peintres." Paris 8, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA081202.
Full textThis research thesis aims to study the artistic and more generally the cultural relationships between paris and madrid, in order to demonstrate that the movement of people, art production and ideas influenced the contemporary creativity. This paper is articulated aroud three parts, each of wich takes into account the decisive cultural relationships between the two capitals. The study of the perception modes for the ideas and artistic "waves" in the parisian and madrilan cultural contexts, is of primary interest for this thesis. It allows us to show the role of the intelligencia publishing and press as "cultural intermediaires"
Benech, Philippe. "La nouvelle politique d'aménagement et d'urbanisme à Paris : l'exemple des projets relatifs aux nouvelles ZAC." Paris 4, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA040303.
Full textThe policy for city renovation engaged by the paris city around the fifties, found its origin in a trend of fast economic growth conditions. This policy has given birth in priority to the modernization of the parisian real estate basis and the construction of many residences. From 1975, a new policy in space organisation and urbanism, based on more diversificated options is appeared. This report's try to analyse the main objectives in space management and particulary concerning :. The problems linked to lodging and lodging again ; the preservation and the development of industrial, artisan and commercial activities ; the integration of buildings in the urban texture ; the aspects of renovation and rehabilitation ; the strongthening of public equipments, cultural and hobby ones ; the creation of green spaces and pedestrian passages. The new policy in space organisation and urbanism in paris find today its frame from these criteria and through the creation of z. A. C. 's. In addition, the aim of this report is to analyse that parisian z. A. C. 's policy by taking the particular exemples of operations planned or realized in the "z. A. C. Des amandiers", in the 20th arrondissement by an organism "s. E. M. E. A. Xv" tool of this important operation. . In a first step, this survey draws the z. A. C. 's policy and the reglementation inside them and states exemples of such operations in paris. .
Tzamou, Ekaterini. "Arts plastiques et architecture en France depuis 1950 : le sculpteur Philolaos." Paris 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA010567.
Full textBarzanooni, Anousheh. "L'architecture commune à Paris au XVIe siècle (1530-1600)." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PSLEP037.
Full textThe modest houses are rarely taken into account in capital architecture studies of 16th century. However, they represented the majority of construction activity in Paris at that time, and many examples still exist today, but they are often difficult to identify because of the transformations in later times. Their study was conducted for the period 1530 to 1600. It was carried out following three complementary axes : a review of the notarial archives of the 16th century, a study of iconographic sources and, finally, an analysis of old houses preserved. In confronting these three types of sources, some questions were raised about the role of project owners and project managers, masons and carpenters, the persistence of traditional medieval forms, the influence of first architectural treatises and aristocratic building on minor architecture, especially in the field of decor. The evolution of construction regulations has also been taken into account in order to evaluate the consequences on Parisian buildings. The purpose of this research was to describe the morphology of the houses, to specify the techniques and materials used and to observe the changes during the period. Finally, we tried to identify examples of Parisian houses built in the 16th century, still existing, and to document them over a long-term, to date the changes made to the initial construction
Lesur, Jean-Marc. "L'Hôtellerie parisienne aux XIXe et XXe siècles." Paris, EHESS, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994EHES0038.
Full textStrauss, André. "Le financement de l'économie française de la fin du XIXe siècle à la fin du XXe siècle." Paris 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA010694.
Full textCatteau, Prune Iris. "Le Portugal à Paris : médiations et représentations de 1880-1914." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/28011.
Full textThis thesis is dedicated to the study of Portugal’s literary and cultural presence in Paris from 1880 to 1914. Since the rise of the French press, Paris is an essential hub for the cultural and literary organization networks, both nationally and internationally, not only owing to the universal consecration it earned in the arts and literature but also because this capital city symbolizes creative freedom, inspiration and the meeting place of choice. Portuguese intellectuals, writers, diplomats and students travel or move to Paris to soak up the unique atmosphere, to learn, to bring back a number of ideas in their country but mainly to promote their culture and identity. Cosmopolitanism and nationalism are two major factors that foster not only bilateral exchanges but also a link between the two brotherly nations, as verified by pro-Latin and pro-republican Franco-Portuguese journal publications. This study, first of all, allows one to understand the activities and achievements of Parisian mediators of Portuguese culture, and to analyze these transfers in terms of their material aspects (media used, periodicity, distribution, networks). Furthermore, the analysis focuses on the discursive production that emanates from this context while paying attention to Portugal’s stagings and representations in Paris. Our intend to cover the field at best leads us to also consider so-called minor productions (literary event programs, invitations, posters, flyers). Some researchers, especially French (Pageaux 1984, Piwnik 2008, Quint 2006, Rivas 2015), have studied Franco-Portuguese literary and cultural relations, showing these exchanges’ importance without, however, focusing on intellectual weaving in general at the turn of the century. In addition, recent research has shown the extent of an international press development movement at the end of the nineteenth century without paying special attention to Portuguese implication (Thérenty and Vaillant 2010, Cooper-Richet, 2016). Since 1880 until the advent of World War I, Paris is interested in more than only Portugal's exoticism but by the specificity of its modern literature, especially through French and Portuguese Symbolists’ reciprocity and through various cultural agents established in Paris. The Paris of The Belle Epoque takes part in a real transformation in Portugal’s representation in France, namely the transition from a mythical depiction based on Portugal’s glorious past discoveries to a contemporary depiction conveyed by poetry, politics, travel and exhibitions. Camões as a political, historical and literary symbol of Portugal is renewed in France thanks to the tercentenary celebrations of his death in 1880 and sets the beginning of a new era in Portugal’s representation in France. Camões, in the mainstream press, in the press vanguard and in the institutional press, not only represents an epic national glory but he also symbolizes the whole country, the people, the nation, all social classes, the national soul, the Republican center and Coimbra’s academic class. While the Franco-Portugal relations culminated thanks to those Portuguese prints published in French by 1900 and to the proclamation of the Portuguese Republic in 1910, Camões brings universal consecration to Portugal and to a worshiped Europe : his bust is unveiled near the Eiffel tower in 1912 and a literary society “Les amis de Camoens”, composed of many French intellectuals (Anatole France, Pierre Loti), is founded and prints a journal on this bilateral literary friendship that lasts until 1914. In short, this work analyzes the media initiatives launched by some Portuguese in Paris, cultural and literary networks, social exchanges and interactions that underlie them. The main contribution of this work for research will be to provide a view which is as comprehensive as possible of Portugal’s literary and cultural presence in Paris and of its representation at a time when France and its capital city is a hub and a key intellectual model.
Vales, Le Guennec Géraldine. "L'enseignement secondaire des jeunes filles à Paris de 1880 à 1938." Paris 5, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA05H036.
Full textThe thesis emphasizes two main issues. It is devoted, first, to the specific funding model of secondary education for girls in Paris, and its impact on the nature of the schools themselves. From the application of the Camille Sée law of 21st december 1880 in Paris, oppositions grew between the radical and the autonomist republicans in the Paris City Council and the opportunist republicans of the french government, as to the means of controlling the new institution , and the first five lycées for girls in Paris (Fénelon, Racine, Molière, Lamartine et Victor Hugo) created between 1883 and 1895 were funded soleley by the state. Second, from 1905, a period of mutations began for secondary education for girls, following which studies were reoriented for the preparation of the french baccalaureate. The analysis concentrates on Paris as a sample city in order to examine the issues raisedby the former evolution and explains the reasons leading to the 1924 reform, which assimilated secondary education for boys and girls. From the exemple of the capital city of France, the thesis also discusses the conditions of application of the Léon Bérard reform in parisian lycées for girls, together with the results of the assimilation and the new situation of secondary education for girls
Roux, Jacqueline. "Le lycée Lamartine : 1891-1996 : histoire d'un lycée parisien de jeunes filles." Paris 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA010612.
Full textA history of our national education viewed from down below, carried out from the institution's own archives. How are accepted the instructions issued by the ministry of education and the educational district when delivered at the lycee: Camille See act, Berard reform, charge exemption from scholarly costs, Capelle reform? What is the part of autonomy, sometimes of ignoring instructions? Four periods in this monograph of a century-old lycee of the 9th district: - the time of young ladies, 1891-1914, that of the diploma, of passionate feminism and social work (workroom and holiday camps). Enrolment- for a fee -is from children of the district middle-class - jewish, protestant and militant agnostic families - but, contrary to instructions, "eagles" are induced to enter the university, while "goslings" study part-time and, with their mothers, spend the afternoon on social life. - The time of graduates - 1914-1954- with enrolment from the suburdan middle-class. In the thirties the lycee turns out around a hundred graduates every year. An entrance examination to the lower form makes registration dependent on merit, not only on social status. The second war is a black period, owing to to the large number of jewish girls: deportations, "yellow star", hidden children, exclusion of teachers. - the time of effervescence and dissent - may '68, guiot affair, the "files", movement against the debre act, etc. . . - creates a hotbed of protest and intense creativity, resulting in a fracture among the adults, teaching staff and parents. - The time of ebbing of perischolar pedagogic activities and political activism after 1980, despite ups and downs : the opening to boys remains incomplete, the college (lower forms) becomes socially more elitist than the lycee, suburban enrolment disappears. The lycee is seeking for a new breath
Jungers, Solange. "L' architecture des hypermarchés en région parisienne, 1961-2000." Paris 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA010560.
Full textMoulin, Laure-Estelle. "L'architecture judiciaire en France sous la Vème République." Paris 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA010662.
Full textTaveau, Isabelle. "L'architecture civile et religieuse à Paris sous le règne de Charles VI." Paris 4, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA040300.
Full textVinas, Bricall Maria Teresa. "Peintres catalans à Paris : le marché de l'art parisien et les peintres vivants catalans : 1880-1939." Paris 4, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA04A002.
Full textSerrano, Saseta Rafael. "La création d'un type architectural : les grands magasins parisiens (1844-1930)." Paris 8, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA082490.
Full textThe phenomenon of the large department stores has frequently been analyzed by historians of architecture as an important precedent for modern architecture. As it is an example where applied arts come together to produce a work of total architecture, this type of building has always been a focus of attention for investigators. But furthermore, as with the rest of the great iron structures of the XIX century, the big department stores are also the first experiments in the transformation of architecture to constructive expression, which constitutes one of the pilars of modern architecture. However, apart from the importance which tends to be given to the engineering achievement, apart from integrating the phenomenon of the big department stores in the general history of styles, the capacity that the function of modern commerce has for creating or redefining new spacial mechanisms, has not been sufficiently analyzed. It is as if the architectoral spinal chord of the problem were trapped between its engineerial dimension and its traditional dimension. This work attempts to extract that architectoral spinal chord through the direct analysis of questions such as the use, the employment and interpretation of the space in big department stores
Passalacqua, Arnaud. "L'autobus et Paris : souplesse, espace public et mobilité de 1900 aux années 1970." Paris 7, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA070041.
Full textBirthplace of cars, Paris is identified with its metro today, and the city seems to keep a secondary part for its bus network. XIXth century Parisians could not share that feeling because the Madeleine-Bastille omnibus, running along and merging with the famous boulevard, made a strong impression on them. The bus would have been the victim of standardization of the urban mobility, and its logic, more traditional than industrial, would not have been ,able to adapt to changes. And yet, the bus did not join the other modes of transport that have disappeared, from tramways to passenger ships on the river Seine. This thesis intends to clear up this problem through an analysis of the development of this technical object, i. E. The bus, in the Paris area, organized around three problematic axes. Firstly, the notion of flexibility, as it appears in speeches and facts, characterizes the behaviour of the bus network. But it can show various aspects and lead to misunderstandings. Secondly, the notion of public space allows the analysis of the interplay between means of transport, that is to say alliances, oppositions and compromises, which decisively affects this history. Lastly, the concept of urban mobility leads us to think of what could be another history of transport, dealing with travelers and social images as well as more classical factors such as traffic and rolling stock. This work is also based on London, taken as a counterpoint. It allows to determine not only the local context but also the influence both European capitals have exerted on each other as far as public transport is concerned
Cabestan, Jean-François. "L'architecture domestique à Paris au XVIIIe siècle : distribution et innovation." Paris 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA010613.
Full textThe innovating analisis of parisian domestic architecture of the late 17 th and 18 th century that we bring forward, is based on the opening of a corpus of unpublished material, kept at the archives nationales - minutier central des notaires parisiens, and greffe des batiments civils - compared with build and still standing evidence. Technical improvements and building control lead to a transformation of traditional architecture : timber frame structures give way to ashlar and freestone. Restrictions concerning the height of buildings have deep after-effects. On the eve of the revolution, the middle-class dwelling scale and constitution have changed, and its appearance collects some of the features belonging to monumental architecture. The building-line control plays an important part in the definition of the edifices. Some very few cases of infraction tell about the different meanings of the partition that was raised to convention between public and private space. In the urban continuities, the only edifices to come out are the houses-target and the corner buildings, where the first monumental effects are to be found. In the evolution of the limit between two plots lies a major indication about building-types upheavals. The middle class house loss of individuality - the gables have gone into decay - is linked with the new urban ambitions of the time and an increase of domestic architecture production scale. The ways and means of the progressive enlarging of the plots reflect the apparition of the modern flat on an equal footing. From the merchant's house to the aristocratical "hotel", from the private house to the rent house, the study of the transformation prevailing among all the building types accounts for the diffusion and uniformisation of collective dwelling. The second half of the 18 th century is characterised by the birth of the apartments house
Lengereau, Éric. "La Vème République et la politique de l'architecture, 1958-1981 : les hommes, les idées, les dispositifs." Paris 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA010686.
Full textCollier, Timothy. "L'École coloniale : la formation des cadres de la France d'outre-mer, 1889-1959." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AIXM0603/document.
Full textAs the Third Republic acquired an imposing colonial empire, the creation of the Colonial School, after several unsuccessful attempts, met two requirements. On the one hand, it was necessary to rationalise the recruitment and training of colonial civil servants. On the other hand, it was essential to organise the rapidly-growing body of “colonial knowledge” into a quality syllabus. The conjunction of these two requirements was expected to contribute to the coherence of the French colonial project. The theorists of the Colonial School were convinced that colonisation was a manageable phenomenon. They therefore wanted to turn the school into a real research centre for colonial science. The “feedback” and “field expertise” of its former students were expected to form the basis for a real colonial doctrine which would, in turn, shape the great political decisions of the French government concerning its overseas territories. The study of the profiles of its leaders, who often had strong personalities, of its teachers, who were academics or professionals, and of the 4513 students of the school emphasises the great diversity of all the men - and of the few women - who devoted their lives, each in his or her own way, to the “French colonial enterprise”. The analysis of discourse and of the production mechanisms of “colonial knowledge” sheds new light on how colonisation “experts” tried to reconcile republican and “humanistic” ideals with the requirements of a domination-based project
Rolland, Juliette. "Pour tout l'art de Dieu : contribution à une sociologie picturale des églises parisiennes pendant l'ère paroissiale." Paris 5, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA05H061.
Full textProulx, Diane. "Le suicide à Paris de 1865 à 1913 : étude épidémiologique." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/27426.
Full textWillesme, Jean-Pierre. "Hubert Rohault de Fleury (1777-1846), un grand commis de l'architecture." Paris, EPHE, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004EPHEA006.
Full textHubert Rohault de Fleury, who was an architect born in 1777, was one of Durand's students at the Ecole polytechnique at a time when architecture schools were highly disorganised as a consequence of the Revolution. Thanks to the prix de Rome in 1802 he discovered Italy and its Renaissance monuments which influenced him in his research on the civil architecture. To start with he was an architect for City of Paris as soon as 1820. His main work was then the egg and butter market south of Saint-Eustache which will be later demolished to build the Halles de Baltard. He also worked on hospitals. Rohault de Fleury would have liked to demolish the Hôtel-Dieu ; he designed the new area which would be later demolished to build the Halles de Baltard. He also worked on hospitals. Rohault de Fleury would have liked to demolish the Hotel-Dieu ; He designed the new area which would be occupied by the Saint-Louis Hospital. Finally as an architect for the barracks he erected the high façades of the Mouffetard (rue Mouffetard) and Tournon (rue Garancière) barracks, whose cornices and arched windows still exist. From 1833 onwards he was the vice-chairman of the Council for Civil Buildings and wrote many reports on Parisian buildings until his death in 1846
Korganow, Alexis. "L'équipement socio-culturel, trajectoire architecturale d'un type contrarié d'édifice public à l'ère des loisirs (1936-1975)." Paris 8, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA082235.
Full textThe mutation of the worker's free time beginning with the Front Populaire brought about a change in the goals and the practices developped by the institutions responsable for worker education. Descending from the typology known as the " maison du peuple ", Socio-cultural facilities will become the generic title of a new family of public buildings resulting from this change. In the context of an increasingly apparent governement interventionism, this research proposes to analyse, in chronological order, the differents experimental situations that engendered the architecture of socio-cultural facilities. This investigation clarifies the contribution of actors other than the State upon the political agendas fostered through the institution of the socio-cultural facility. It demonstrates the persistence of certain spatial problematics and the predilection of modern architecture for certain traditional themes
Carbonnier, Youri. "Le bâti et l'habitat dans le centre de Paris à la fin de l'Ancien Régime." Paris 4, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA040088.
Full textAt the end of the Ancien Régime, the center of Paris presents many different sorts of buildings, most of which are dwelling houses. The first part deals with technical aspects of building: materials and techniques used for building shell and for the finishing off, as well as water conveyance and refuse collection. New buildings are particularly seen from the economic point of view. The second part deals with links between the housing and the city: connections between the width of the streets and the height of the houses, the decoration of the façades, urban morphology and its influence on house planning. The analysis of the housing distribution allows examining the use of the housing. Several examples show the interactions between professional activity, location and architecture. At last, I emphasize dwelling in some surprising buildings, as churches, schools or public buildings. This thesis offers a global view of building and housing in the center of Paris
Gasquet, Axel. "L'intelligentsia du bout du monde : les écrivains argentins à Paris." Paris 10, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA100029.
Full textAuzas, Vincent, and Vincent Auzas. "La commémoration du 11 novembre à Paris 1919-2012." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/28073.
Full textTableau d’honneur de la Faculté des études supérieures et postdoctorales, 2016-2017.
En 1919, la France sort d’une guerre au cours de laquelle elle a subi des pertes humaines jusque-là inimaginables. L’État est alors amené à inventer de nouveaux outils pour faire face au deuil et au traumatisme. C’est l’un d’entre eux, le 11 Novembre, que cette thèse a interrogé dans sa dimension parisienne de 1919 à 2012. Les archives administratives, les comptes rendus des débats parlementaire et la presse quotidienne ont d’abord permis de se pencher sur l’invention d’une commémoration qui, si elle prend forme au cours d’un débat politique intense, se caractérise surtout par la mise en scène d’éléments intégrés dans le patrimoine matériel et immatériel de la Nation lors de la sortie de guerre autour desquels les organisateurs déploient un rituel de circonstance : la minute de silence. Filmée de sa création à 2012, la commémoration du 11 Novembre a aussi été étudiée, pour chaque époque, à travers le prisme des images animées. Mots clefs : commémoration, politiques publiques du passé, 11 Novembre, rituels, actualités cinématographiques, télévision
En 1919, la France sort d’une guerre au cours de laquelle elle a subi des pertes humaines jusque-là inimaginables. L’État est alors amené à inventer de nouveaux outils pour faire face au deuil et au traumatisme. C’est l’un d’entre eux, le 11 Novembre, que cette thèse a interrogé dans sa dimension parisienne de 1919 à 2012. Les archives administratives, les comptes rendus des débats parlementaire et la presse quotidienne ont d’abord permis de se pencher sur l’invention d’une commémoration qui, si elle prend forme au cours d’un débat politique intense, se caractérise surtout par la mise en scène d’éléments intégrés dans le patrimoine matériel et immatériel de la Nation lors de la sortie de guerre autour desquels les organisateurs déploient un rituel de circonstance : la minute de silence. Filmée de sa création à 2012, la commémoration du 11 Novembre a aussi été étudiée, pour chaque époque, à travers le prisme des images animées. Mots clefs : commémoration, politiques publiques du passé, 11 Novembre, rituels, actualités cinématographiques, télévision
In 1919, France is emerging from a war in which she suffered a number of casualties previously unimaginable. The State is then brought to invent new tools to deal with the trauma of war and grief that affects society. Among them, the commemoration of the Armistice of November 11, 1918 has crossed the century and persists as a major event despite the disappearance of the last veterans of the Great War. This thesis focuses on the national ceremony on November 11, held annually since 1922 in Paris. It aims first to look at the genesis of a commemoration, which was established after an intense political debate. The commemoration was organized around specific old and new rituals : the flags of the regiments disbanded and the unknown Soldier, or the minute of silence). This elements that became permanent emphasized the mournig dimension of the commemoration. Filmed from 1923 to 2012, the commemoration of November 11 has also been studied through the prism of the images broadcasted in the medias. Keywords: commemoration, publics policies of the past, Novembre 11th, rituals, newreels, television
In 1919, France is emerging from a war in which she suffered a number of casualties previously unimaginable. The State is then brought to invent new tools to deal with the trauma of war and grief that affects society. Among them, the commemoration of the Armistice of November 11, 1918 has crossed the century and persists as a major event despite the disappearance of the last veterans of the Great War. This thesis focuses on the national ceremony on November 11, held annually since 1922 in Paris. It aims first to look at the genesis of a commemoration, which was established after an intense political debate. The commemoration was organized around specific old and new rituals : the flags of the regiments disbanded and the unknown Soldier, or the minute of silence). This elements that became permanent emphasized the mournig dimension of the commemoration. Filmed from 1923 to 2012, the commemoration of November 11 has also been studied through the prism of the images broadcasted in the medias. Keywords: commemoration, publics policies of the past, Novembre 11th, rituals, newreels, television
Loriette, Nicolas. "Les édifices de stockage des céréales dans les grands départements céréaliers français : 1929 - 1969." Rennes 2, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008REN20065.
Full textChoosing to separate this study in four chronologic parts, it is showing the grain storage device evolution in six major French counties between 1929 and 1969. It tries to reveal how and why there are such a wide variety of shapes in the process of grain storage buildings. Therefore, this study considers an inventory of 460 selected sites. Based on both methods of history and history of art, it deals with a systematic analysis of grain evelator and their storage bins in order to establish a rational typology, and how those industrial buildings accomodate the 20th century architectural currents. Besides of the architectural aspect, economical facts, industrial revolution, institutional structures put in light the roles of a bunch of close but distinct corporations such as : farmers, cooperators, builders, counselors, engineers and architects. This very work explain the constraints on the evolution of the different constructive elements according to the different periods. It casts a new light on surprisingly rich fields of the 20th century agricultural patrimony completly forgotten by the historical sciences in order to attract the attention of the reader as to its future
Wierre, Florence. "Euralille (1988-1995). Les modalités d'une opération d'aménagement contemporaine : organiser, communiquer, archiver." Paris 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA010673.
Full textMartinon, Jean-Pierre. "La profession d'architecte en France au XIX et XXE siècle : éducations et carrières d'architectes Grands Prix de Rome et primés à ce concours." Paris 5, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA05H020.
Full textThis work is based on a study of the careers 492 architects who won prizes in the grand prix de Rome competition from 1797 to 1966. The formula "influence, imprint, rule" could be applied to the analysis of the career structure which developed from this competition, ritualised in its iconic forms and its production of knowledge. This study examines in depth the academic structures of teaching and architectural theory in France and reviews briefly the slow evolution of the French architectural profession in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. During this period, these academic structures were enshrined in the forms of architecture approved by the grand prix de rome, as practised in the architectural studios (both internal and external) of the ecole des beaux-arts. These studios produced and reproduced the traditional structures and teaching which were a breedingground for successive generations of architects. The specific nature of this academic, even authoritative, method of teaching architecture, allows the use, with discretion, of the terms "reproduction" and "legitimacy" of knowledge: - transmitting, learning, describing and making - enclosed in a self-referential professional culture and supported by teaching practices. The result was the creation of a symbolic "ethnos"; architects were thus placed within a socially organised framework, with a stable foundation, which defined the image of the profession. One of the aims of this work is to describe and analyse some of the groups of architects; they believed in their authority as "legislators" of architectural excellence, wielding and manipulating power. The author reviews the formal training in the studios, the hierarchy of honours and the web of affiliations, opportunities, alliances, breakups and reconciliations usualy ostentations in this environment
Telese, Raffaella. "Il restauro dell'architettura del XX secolo : il caso francese." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004VERS029S.
Full textSebbene indagato da ricercatori e tecnici da almeno un ventennio, il tema del restauro dell'architettura moderna e contemporanea conserva a tutt'oggi immutata la sua attualità in ambito internazionale. Molto eterogene et sono infatti le posizioni teoriche ed ideologiche rispetto al patrimonio ed all'architettura moderna in ambito internazionale. Spesso contraddette da una pratica operativa troppo frettolosamente orientata verso soluzioni di ripristino dello stato originario, esse oscillano fra la linea dell' unita di metodo, per l'intervento tanto sia sul patrimonio antico che sul moderno, e quella della diversificazione specialistica, giustificata da una serie di caratteristiche e di fattori peculiari di volta attribuiti all'architettura del Novecento. In questo variegato panorama internazionale particolarmente interessante ci è sembrata la posizione francese, caratterizzata da un lungo processo di maturazione attraverso il quale è stata infine predisposta una precisa strategia di tutela e di valorizzazione dell'architettura del XX secolo. L'analisi della pratica del restauro dell'architettura del XX secolo in Francia, nel suo aspetto tecnico e metodologico, constituisce infatti il contributo centrale e originale di questo lavoro, concepito come una dettagliata indagine sul terreno attraverso l'esperienza concreta e attuale di undici cantieri di restauro condotti, fra la line degli anni Novanta e l'anno corrente. L'obiettivo di questo contributo è di fornire il supporto di conoscenze e di elementi indispensabili alla formulazione di considerazioni critiche sulla pratica francese del restauro del patrimonio recente
Aubert, de Trégomain Roger. "L'État et les artistes peintres, cartonniers, verriers vivant en France sous la IVème République (1945-1959)." Paris 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA010505.
Full textKunth, Anouche. "Du Caucase à Paris : un autre exil arménien : expériences migratoires et ancrages en dispora : de 1920 à l'implosion de l'Union Soviétique." Paris, EHESS, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013EHES0055.
Full textRather than approaching the Armenian Great Diaspora from the perspective of its Ottoman origins, this research is devoted to the lesser-known itineraries of Armenian subjects of the Tsarist Empire, mainly from the Transcaucasus province, during and after the 1917 Revolution. As a social elite, they escaped the wave of repression targeting opponents of Bolshevism and fled into exile, with France as a favorite destination, trading along the way their former citizenship for the newly status of refugee created under the aegis of the League of Nations. From a social and even political point of view, they shared very little with the Armenians of the former Ottoman Empire, numerously exiled in France. Cultural component of the Russian community, the « Caucasians » tended to despise the rural and uncouth « Turkish » Armenians, so challenging any assumptions about the prominence of the ethnic factor in the coalescence of a Diasporic group. Yet, their political education and social clout predisposed them to a leading role in the organization of the Great Diaspora. The relation between these Armenian groups took unexpected paths, difficulties stemming from the deeply contrasted nature of their recent ordeal: ethnic genocide against social and political persecutions. Examining the Armenian Diaspora from the angle of its initial heterogeneity, this research offers an in-depth analysis on the long-run (1920s-1990s). It highlights the main mechanisms, both official and unofficial, responsible for the amalgamation of human groups marked by very diverse experiences into a still homogeneous community, slowly convinced it was born from a single original Big Bang-like traumatic event
Lambard, Frédéric. "Paris Saigon dans l'Azur, la ligne impériale d'Extrême-Orient (1926-1954)." Nantes, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014NANT3024.
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