Journal articles: 'Architecture, Polish'

1

Butelski, Kazimierz. "Humanitarian Architecture – Polish and Chilean Perspective." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 471 (February 24, 2019): 082014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/471/8/082014.

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Świtek, Gabriela. "Architecture as politics." SAJ - Serbian Architectural Journal 6, no. 1 (2014): 63–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/saj1401063q.

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The paper presents a comment on Jacques Rancière's thinking on architecture as traced in The Politics of Aesthetics and juxtaposed with a case study - 1st Exhibition of Architecture of the People's Poland. The exhibition organized in the era of Stalinism (1953) and shown in the Central Bureau for Artistic Exhibitions (nowadays the Zachęta - National Gallery of Art in Warsaw) is seen as a manifestation of 'artistic regimes' of the period and as aesthetisation of architecture which is commonly considered the most 'political' of all the (fine) arts. Architecture does not seem to be the main concern of The Politics of Aesthetics; most translators and (Polish) commentators of Rancière's philosophical writings draw our attention to the importance of his aesthetics for the relational aspects of contemporary art in public spaces. The article aims at emphasizing the architectural moments in Rancière's project of aesthetics as politics; it also elaborates a couple of notions poiēsis/mimēsis - as discussed by Rancière - in relation to architectural theory and history of architectural exhibitions.

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Kopacz, Zdzisław, Cezary Specht, and Stanisław Oszczak. "Polish DGPS system — architecture and installation: 1995." Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Marynarki Wojennej 202, no. 3 (September 30, 2015): 47–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/0860889x.1178571.

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Urbanska, Marta A. "New Polish architecture - seeking to establish order?" Architectural Design 76, no. 3 (2006): 82–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ad.270.

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Proskuriakov, Victor, Bohdan Hoi, and Roman Savchak. "State of polish theatre architecture research in Ukraine." Środowisko Mieszkaniowe 23 (2018): 167–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.4467/25438700sm.18.047.9212.

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Owerczuk, Aleksander. "The Importance of Architectural Heritage for the Quality of Urban Life on Selected Examples of Polish Towns." Proceedings 51, no. 1 (August 20, 2020): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2020051029.

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In recent years, the importance of architectural heritage as a factor in urban development and improving the quality of life of residents has increased in Poland. Protection and use of historic architecture should be in accordance with the principles of sustainable development. The potential for historical architecture can then be fully exploited. The above topics were discussed based on examples of small towns in the Podlaskie Voivodeship.

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Marciniak, Piotr. "Polska Kronika Filmowa as a source for research on contemporary Polish architecture." Images. The International Journal of European Film, Performing Arts and Audiovisual Communication 22, no. 31 (January 8, 2019): 21–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/i.2017.31.03.

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The materials used by architectural historians to research the post-war period are very limited, and the available archive resources are incomplete and dispersed. In this context, of special significance are other forms of visual materials that documented the spatial reality of the communist period. Documentary films, and in particular the Polska Kronika Filmowa [Polish Film Chronicle] newsreel, can make an an important contribution to and a resource for historical research on contemporary Polish architecture. This text contains methodological reflections on the role of film studying the history of contemporary architecture. It describes the new research options, including the ability to recreate original spatial phenomena, and also the contemporary techniques and technology as well as the educational dimension of the Polish Film Chronicle. In this context, it is especially interesting to compare the documentary material from the Chronicle with other archival material, e.g. drawings, plans and photographs. This method provides an additional opportunity for a fuller and more objective recreation of space in 3D. This “reverse modelling” can be used to restore or preserve the original condition of structures, or even to rebuild ones no longer existing.

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Szczerski, Andrzej. "Sztuka i architektura dla II Rzeczypospolitej." Prace Historyczne 147, no. 4 (2020): 869–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4467/20844069ph.20.049.12503.

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Art and architecture for the Second Polish Republic The period of the Second Polish Republic was a time of dynamic processes of unification and modernisation. They were also reflected in art and architecture. This should not come as a surprise given the fact that Polish artists were involved in the struggle for independence on the battlefields, while they also documented Polish military efforts during the World War I. Later on, they held positions in the state administration, especially in the administrative structures responsible for art patronage and education; finally, they were also active in the field of national propaganda. The authorities of the Second Polish Republic appreciated the importance of modern art, especially that the restoration of independence coincided with a debate about the various definitions of the Polish national style. This debate, which involved supporters of vernacular stylisation and those who promoted modernism, found its complex reflection in the Polish General Exhibition in Poznańin 1929. The exhibition confirmed that the leading role in the process of modernisation was assumed by architecture and urban planning.

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Grzeszczuk-Brendel, Hanna. "Rhetoric of the image of architecture." Images. The International Journal of European Film, Performing Arts and Audiovisual Communication 22, no. 31 (January 8, 2019): 29–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/i.2017.31.04.

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Based on the example of one of the newsreels of the Polish Film Chronicle of 1965, we have researched the issue of the usability of rhetorical figures for the analysis of the image of architecture recorded in film and its relations with the verbal rhetoric of narration as well as the pictorial rhetoric, which makes up the message of a different nature. By this we have attempted to decode the lifestyle model presented in the film and propagated by its manner of description of architecture with the use of rhetorical figures and also to decode the role and meaning of the architectural forms, which were engaged in the creation of the message of the film image. Combining the rhetorical analysis with an interpretation of the architectural forms has enabled us to identify the persuasive nature of the message of the chronicle material included in the documentary film.

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Arciszewska, Barbara, and Makary Górzyński. "Urban Narratives in the Age of Revolutions: Early 20th century Ideas to Modernize Warsaw." Artium Quaestiones, no. 26 (September 19, 2018): 101–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/aq.2015.26.6.

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In January 1906, in the turbulent period of 1905–1907, the poet, artist, and socialactivist Antoni Lange published in the Warsaw weekly Świat an essay called“Marzenia warszawskie” (“The Warsaw Dreams”). A several page text, illustratedwith woodcuts by the painter Andrzej Zarzycki, included a spectacular vision of metropolitanWarsaw of the future: a capital city with many public buildings and moderninfrastructure, a genuine center of Polish national and cultural life. The present essayanalyzes unexamined ideas of Lange in terms of the history of architecture, andin a double political and social context. “The Warsaw Dreams” was deeply rooted inthe political reality of the former Kingdom of Poland, addressing the issue of liberalizationof the Russian rule during the 1905 revolution. Using the vocabulary of urbanplanning and making a list of changes in the city’s architecture, Lange articulateda vision of the future space of Warsaw as a Polish metropolis of modernity, administeredindependently of Russia. In his essays he proposed to extend the city limits andremove its fortifications as well as introduce local government with significant prerogativesas an instrument of Warsaw’s great transformation – its aestheticization and construction of public buildings, such as national government edifices, schools,and cultural centers. The authors argue that by describing public architecture of thefuture Warsaw as a “dream” full of copies of well-known European architectural monumentsfrom Venice, Prague, and Cracow, Lange created a comprehensive politicalproject of autonomy of the Kingdom of Poland in the Russian empire. “The WarsawDreams” originally combined together architecture and politics, urban space and theproblems of Polish modernization, and the discourses of nationalism and socialism.Lange’s visionary proposal from 1906 is of the most imaginative responses to thechallenges of the development of Warsaw at the turn of the 20th century in the contextof Polish political and social problems of those times.

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11

Nowicki, Jan. "Gotyk polski?" Politeja 16, no. 1(58) (October 31, 2019): 341–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.12797/politeja.16.2019.58.18.

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Polish Gothic? Establishing Real and Imaginary Boundaries through Architecture in the II Half of the 19th Century Intensive development of national identities is a characteristic feature of the 19th century European science, culture and politics. In Poland this process was of great importance. Disintegration of the state and lack of its institutions resulted in even more determined attempts to define and divide what is “ours” from what is “foreign”. One of the most important ways of constructing this boundary was through architecture – its history and theory. In the second half of the 19th century more and more authors started to give their answers to the emerging question: are there any exceptional, individual features of Polish architecture? In this context I would like to investigate the concept of “Vistulian‑Baltic” style, which is interpreted by scholars as a first attempt to define Polish national style in architecture. Closer insight into 19th century narratives reveals how imaginary and real boundaries were established through architecture and its theory.

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Kłopotowska, Agnieszka. "Architecture and typhlology. The potential of scientific partnership." Teka Komisji Architektury, Urbanistyki i Studiów Krajobrazowych 16, no. 2 (June 30, 2020): 68–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.35784/teka.2061.

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The connections between architecture and typhlology were not always obvious. Despite many related research problems, these sciences developed separately, and the study results of specialists from both departments did not reach the other discipline. An attempt to reduce this distance was made in the late decades of the 20th century by Polish architects, aware of the possibility of solving specific problems of the blind through architectural activities. The work is an attempt to constitute an interdisciplinary relationship between architecture and typhlology. The author indicates and names common issues important for both sciences, and also attempts to outline areas of their potential cooperation. In addition, she also highlights the values that can flow from this partnership.

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13

Wiercinska, Janina. "The Polish Art Bibliography." Art Libraries Journal 16, no. 01 (1991): 7–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0307472200018897.

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The need to document the history of art in Poland, and to provide a bibliographic record of, and access to, that documentation, is felt the more keenly because Poland’s cultural heritage has been so vulnerable to the ravages of history. The Polish Art Bibliography 1801-1944, a labour of love dating back to 1951, existed for many years as a constantly expanding card index at the Institute of Art of the Polish Academy; publication in a series of volumes began with Volume I Part 1 in 1975, and brought with it problems of editing and selection. Volumes II and III have followed; Volume IV, devoted to architecture, is in preparation.

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Kapecki, Tomasz. "Architektura szkół wyższych w Polsce. Współczesne trendy w projektowaniu kampusów akademickich." Prace Geograficzne, no. 162 (2020): 13–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4467/20833113pg.20.010.13097.

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The introduction presents a brief historical outline of the development of higher education in Poland, starting with the Krakow Academy, focusing on the recent history, and discussing the achievements of the 1970s in more detail. It was an important period for the architecture of universities, which, after a short time of socialist realism, began to draw from the experiences of modernism. The main topic of the study is the architecture created after 2004, after Poland joined the European Union. A rapid increase in investment in higher education infrastructure was observed at that time, by some referred to as a construction boom at Polish universities. Over the decade, a large part of the existing assets was modernized, and several dozen new investments were completed. The article describes the achievements of this period, focusing first on the analysis of the architecture of individual buildings, and then assessing the quality of recently completed campuses in terms of their design, composition and spatial form. Architectural achievements at Polish universities are compared with examples of academic buildings and campuses from Western Europe and with contemporary trends in the design of academic campuses.

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15

Nowakowska-Sito, Katarzyna. "W poszukiwaniu niepodległości w sztuce: Pawilon polski na wystawie paryskiej 1925." Idea. Studia nad strukturą i rozwojem pojęć filozoficznych 30, no. 1 (2018): 185–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.15290/idea.2018.30.1.14.

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After reappearance of Poland on the map of Europe in 1918, the first major manifestation of the new country’s creative potential was at the 1925 International Exhibition of Applied Arts and Modern Industry in Paris. The Polish Pavilion, which had divided the opinion of critics at home, won the Grand Prix. The award of over 170 prizes to the Polish section in different areas and categories – from posters to art schools – gave ample reason to consider the exhibition an unquestionable success. The forms used in the architecture and interior design of the Polish Pavilion inspired various solutions applied in Polish public architecture of the 1920s. On the wave of the “Paris success” designers tried to translate the Polish variety of art deco into a type of national style which some scholars even came to refer to as the “style of regained independence” which manifested itself in architecture, particularly in interior design, bas reliefs, painted decorations textiles and furniture. Its emergence coincided with the introduction of new education methods in art and craft schools. The text discuss the Polish art deco style in context of two basic currents of interwar years: modernity and tradition. The problem of “Polishness” in art relates also to the concepts of interwar culture and visons of its progress or decadence.

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16

Getka-Kenig, Mikołaj. "Chrystian Piotr Aigner, ancient monuments, and the architectural discourse of Polish resurrection in the Age of Revolution." Classical Receptions Journal 12, no. 2 (October 26, 2019): 175–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/crj/clz019.

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Abstract The role of ancient classical monuments in the history of Polish neoclassicism at the turn of the nineteenth century may seem to be insignificant. However, among many building types, there was one in the case of which ancient classical monuments served as an important source of inspiration for contemporary building practice. It was the architecture of public commemoration that engaged in the discourse of national resurrection after the late-eighteenth-century partitions of the Polish state. Apart from their general associations with natural order and permanent stability, classical architectural models could directly invoke historical or mythological precedents which helped clarify the ambiguities of the resurrection. However, it is notable that such memorials did not only share the propagation of the idea of national resurrection. They also had the same designer, Chrystian Piotr Aigner (1756–1841), who showed an exceptional interest in ancient architecture. This article argues that not only the direct engagement of those commemorative structures in the discourse of national resurrection, but also the choice of the designer with a special penchant for classical antiquity accounted for the unusual use of classical models as design templates in those specific architectural undertakings.

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17

Gorazd-Dziuban, Paulina. "Sacred Romanesque Architecture of Knights Hospitaller in the Polish Lands." Acta FF 10, no. 2-3 (2018): 35–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.24132/actaff.2018.10.2-3.2.

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18

Kwiatkowski, Krzysztof. "HOME. Architecture of a house in today’s Poland, problem or challenge?" Budownictwo i Architektura 6, no. 1 (June 13, 2010): 063–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.35784/bud-arch.2290.

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What really is a single family house? The historical fate of the Polish are quite turbulent and confusing. The turbulent history is also a detached building development in Poland. We can not clearly define what it really for each of us is a single - family house. Inside the house man spends much of his life, subordinates the space, creates a place, but do you wonder like to live and what kind of space is around him. Every house is a unique kind of statement objects, colors that everyone creates. Individuality and uniqueness in comparison with the overall impression created? Does is not become a problem that Polish homes landscape is so varied and unreadable. And what is really a Polish home.? Is there a pattern by which we recognize clearly that this is a type of Polish, regional? Do we really need such a type, relying on him to create modern architecture? Most are in the emerging architecture of residential buildings, whose framework we are not able to identify clearly because of the complexity of the problem which is the complexity of human society. The total subordination of single-family housing in order to create a Polish home is not possible. There is also a good solution from the problem of building a house and leaving it to anyone who intends to build his own house. It seems clear that there should be some clear rules or guidelines which could indicate the right way in shaping the single – family houses.

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19

Nowicki, Jan. "A Church for the Polish People: On the Contest for the Parochial Church in the Warsaw District of Praga." Ikonotheka 28 (August 6, 2019): 41–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.3343.

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The present article discusses the architectural contest for the design of the Praga parish church in Warsaw, announced in 1886. The author aims to establish whether this event had any significant impact on the development of Polish architecture and its theoretical principles. He reviews the reasons for its importance and attempts to establish whether it constitutes suitable material for more thorough studies, the results of which would merit a prominent place in the historiography of 19th century architecture in Poland. The critical interpretation presented in this article is based primarily on texts published in Przegląd Techniczny, which discuss the successive stages of the contest, as well as selected press articles and essays written in direct connection to this enterprise. The author analyses texts by Karol Matuszewski, Franciszek Ksawery Martynowski, Władysław Łuszczkiewicz and Józef Pius Dziekoński, which are crucial for understanding the complex nature of the issue of the contest. The analysis leads to the conclusion that it was not the ultimate form of the church, but rather the combination of emotions, hopes, interests and controversies provoked by the announcement of the contest and the phrasing of its requirements that determined the crucial role of this event in the history of Polish architecture in the latter part of the 19th century.

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Leska-Ślęzak, Joanna, and Jarosław Ślęzak. "Młoda polska emigracja do Holandii." Cywilizacja i Polityka 14, no. 14 (October 30, 2016): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0010.0249.

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Life of Polish community abroad is hard to define, due to globalization and another process, which are creating the culture and civilization reality. Polish immigrants in the Netherlands are the representatives of specific migration waves. Young Polish emigration come to the Netherlands thanks to job agencies. Polish immigrants works in agriculture, architecture or they are self-employed. In Dutch people opinion Polish immigrants are considered to be drinkers, bad drivers, people, who don’t speak Dutch. 30% of Dutch society have skeptic view of Polish immigrants. In 2014 28% of European citizens are Polish.

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21

Nikel, Joanna. "Ewolucja zawodu i kształcenia architektów w Niemczech od II połowy XVIII wieku do 1933 roku." UR Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences 16, no. 3 (2020): 5–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.15584/johass.2020.3.1.

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The aim of this article is to show the range of responsibilities, professional and business titles and the evolution of the system of architectural education, functioning on the territory of selected German states, which in 1871 formed the Second German Reich. Other German-speaking countries, such as Austria or Switzerland, have been omitted, as were those Polish territories under the Prussian and Austrian partition. These issues, despite numerous German-language publications (Bolenz 1991; Schnier 2009; Mai 2012) and English publications (Kostofa 1986), pose many problems for Polish researchers, especially those researching the history of architecture of former German-speaking regions, and the lack of research is not compensated for by modest Polish publications (Serdyńska 2015). The main research questions that are posed concerned issues related to the education of architects and the conditions within their profession. The 18th century was the starting point for my reflections, when the first academic centres for the education of architects in the German-speaking area were established. The thought of the 18th century as a caesura for the architectural profession is also dictated by the effects of the Industrial Revolution, which determined the emergence of professional specialisations in construction and, in the long term, determined the modern understanding of the words architect and engineer. The year 1933 marks the endpoint of the ensuing paper, when, as a result of the takeover of power by the National Socialists, a violent and radical process of building a totalitarian society began in Germany, in which higher education and the fine arts, especially architecture, were subordinated to Nazi ideology.

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22

He, Xiao Yan. "5 Kinds of Religions and Religious Buildings Resources Survey and its Protection in Baotou North Beam Section." Applied Mechanics and Materials 584-586 (July 2014): 2532–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.584-586.2532.

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This topic through the north liang polish person's religious beliefs, living custom, baotou culture fully research, combining with the course construction of Inner Mongolia university of science and technology, to the north liang area to collect, surveying and mapping, the religious architecture analysis from the beam area under different forms of religious venues religious buildings, space layout, architectural form, architectural form evolution, reveal the religious culture, etc. combining with the flourishing of north beam transformation at present, put forward the programming of the inheritance of ethnic culture and religious culture and architectural design ideas and Suggestions.

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23

Chrzanowski, Tadeusz. "A Variety of Religious Architecture in Poland." Studies in Church History. Subsidia 6 (1990): 161–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0143045900001253.

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Before I attempt a brief survey of the numerous and varied examples of religious architecture in Poland let me mention a few well-known facts. Poland, having grown out of a tribal community, and having early developed a national character, after the Union with Lithuania (first a personal union in 1386 and then a State union in 1569) began expanding rapidly. At the turn of the fifteenth century a new model of parliamentary monarchy was established, a model functioning in an already multinational, federal state, which ceased to be the ‘Republic of Two Nations’ and became instead the ‘Republic of Many Nations’. I do not intend to analyse here all the achievements, changes, and mistakes of Poland, but I would like to stress that between the fifteenth century and the eighteenth century the Poles were in a minority. This minority, however, decided the country’s fate, as it was Polish noblemen (szlachta) who set the political and cultural pace. It has never been accurately assessed what percentage of the whole society the noblemen were, but it must have been high, probably the highest in Europe. According to some sources, the Poles who felt themselves free and regarded Poland as their commonwealth formed ten per cent of the whole population. We should also note that at that time the process of Polonization took place mainly among the nobility, and that the Poles who were in a minority in the Polish-Lithuanian State were at the same time a majority among those who ruled that State. I am not saying that as a Polish nationalist, but as an historian who has a deep respect and friendly feeling for all the nations and denominations which once inhabited this large and unique country. The Union of Lublin put the final touches to this distinctive commonwealth, which appeared too early in the Europe of nationalism and absolutism to survive.

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24

Kantorowicz, Klara. "Architecture of Jesuit colleges designed by Giacomo Briano in Polish Province." Challenges of Modern Technology 8, no. 2 (June 30, 2017): 18–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0012.2622.

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This article describes architectural project of Jesuit colleges by Giacomo Briano SI, a Jesuit architect from Modena, made for colleges in Polish Province of the Society of Jesus. Despite none of Braino’s projects was fully accomplished we can analyse his original urban and architectural solutions basing on many of his architectural drawings which are kept in the archives in Cracow, Vienna, Paris and Los Angeles.

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Betlej, Andrzej. "Architecture of Jesuit Churches in the Former Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, 1564–1773." Journal of Jesuit Studies 5, no. 3 (March 26, 2018): 352–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22141332-00503002.

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The article presents the history and accomplishments of Jesuit architecture in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth from the late sixteenth to the late eighteenth century. The author sees Jesuit architecture as a distinct and homogeneous element within Polish architecture. The paper starts with a brief presentation of the existing research in the subject. It moves on to enumerate the activities of the Society in the field of construction, divided into three major booms: the first roughly between 1575 and 1650, the second between 1670 and 1700, and the third from 1740 to 1770, divided by periods of relative decline caused by a succession of devastating wars. The paper identifies the most important architects involved in the construction of Jesuit churches, as well as their most notable works. The paper ends with a brief note concerning the fate of the Jesuit churches after the suppression of the Society and the partitions of Poland.

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Borowski, Andrzej. "Religious Institutions in Landscape of Polish City." International Letters of Social and Humanistic Sciences 6 (September 2013): 68–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilshs.6.68.

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Religious institutions are kind integral areas, in which spatial complex is subordinated to social complexes. Intellectuals as order of society owns big influence as idea on forming integral area relatively and as realities. Total institutions are invariable kind of integral area from many year. Sacral area is not enclave from social conditionality excluded entirely, can be treated independently on social context. Modern sacral buildings refer to trends of modern architecture frequently more, separateness of sacral area in smallest degree underlining, on symbolic pronunciation more putting.

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27

Juzwa, Nina, Katarzyna Ujma-Wasowicz, and Adam Gil. "Almost Human Architecture. Examples of Polish Architecture Where the Human Factor Co-creates the Concept of the Buildings." Procedia Manufacturing 3 (2015): 1660–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.promfg.2015.07.484.

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28

Czapelski, Marek. "Towards Socialist Architecture: Architectural Exhibitions at the Zachęta in the Years 1950–1955." Ikonotheka 26 (June 26, 2017): 31–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0010.1672.

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Exhibitions of contemporary designs accompanied by their public criticism and assessment by a commission were meant to be a tool in implementing Socrealism in Polish architecture – a process which had been announced in 1949. The First National Exposition of Architectural Design (OPA, 22 January – 28 February 1951), housed in the Zachęta – National Gallery of Art building in Warsaw, was one of the most widely advertised events of this kind. Its discussion exposes the peculiar atmosphere of these events, the strategies of persuasion and instruction as employed by the organisers in relation to ideological and aesthetic issues, and the reactions of the architects participating in the debates, who generally tried to avoid the aggressive tone of the polemic. In addition, the primacy of technocratic economics, which was later to become one of the key elements of policies concerning the construction industry in the People’s Republic of Poland, was fi rst revealed at the OPA, if only still in the background. The exhibition at the Zachęta, treated as a production meeting in progress, was to be a preparatory stage for a sweeping exhibition that would present an all-inclusive vision of both historical and contemporary Polish architecture. Such an event accorded with the universal schemata of rituals of social life structured in keeping in line with Stalinism, but the path to the First General Exhibition of Architecture in the People’s Republic of Poland (PWA, 8 March – 22 April 1953) turned out not to be easy. Problems concerning its fi nancing and venue, as well as the lack of political support, resulted in its opening, in the Zachęta building, soon after Stalin’s death. In general, the exhibition’s arrangement followed regional divisions, i.e. both the historical and contemporary material were arranged according to region. An analysis of this plan reveals that it was profoundly ill-suited to the realities of producing architecture in the state-owned design offi ces when the emphasis on typicality was increasing. The initial stage of the critique of Socrealism is also inseparably linked with the PWA; the essay appraising the exhibited designs as delivered at the First National Council of Architects in April 1953 must be considered the fi rst text of this kind. Both the OPA and the PWA are, above all, reminders of the practice of institutional coercion and of the ideological approach to history that were typical of Stalinism. At the same time, however, it should not be forgotten that the exhibition of 1953 resulted in the publication of a series of valuable publications concerning history and art, while the Regional Architectural Shows, instituted in order to select designs to be exhibited at the PWA, evolved into recurring events which in some centres are still organised today.

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Veres, Mariia. "THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE ARCHITECTURE OF FOLK SCHOOLS IN POLAND BETWEEN XIX –XX CENTURIES." Urban development and spatial planning, no. 77 (May 24, 2021): 65–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.32347/2076-815x.2021.77.65-72.

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The article analyzes the historical and cultural heritage of Polish rural public school architecture at the turn of the XIX and XX centuries. The evolution of the architecture of educational spaces in Poland, which took place under the influence of a combination of cultural and national traditions and a complex set of socio-political, socio-economic, internal and external factors, was considered. General concepts of styles of school facades, planning features of small schools, performed a spatial analysis of school spaces and identified its planning features. The architecture of Polish public schools in the second half of the 1920’s was largely influenced by the requirements of the new school reform accepted after the First World War. Elements that fit the postulates of school reform began to be used, but above all, it reflected conservative building traditions. Architects, in the spirit of the era, in the construction of school buildings referred to the ideas of modernism. The size and shape of windows has increased, corridors have expanded, toilets in schools have been designed, and even fountains for drinking water in school corridors. The size and number of classrooms and furnishings have also changed. As a result, it has formed a more comfortable and fully adapted modern school premises. The schools were built mainly on the initiative and funds of local communities and philanthropists. Most of the schools built during that period are still operational. The projects of these schools have developed interiors and provided typical layout of the school grounds, used advanced engineering, design and hygiene solutions that suited the spirit of the era and fully met the needs of teachers and students. That is why till now the Polish public schools are of great importance for the history of the Polish people and world architecture history.

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Warwas, Izabela. "Age management and its architecture in polish traditional versus knowledge-based companies." Argumenta Oeconomica 2, no. 43 (2019): 407–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.15611/aoe.2019.2.17.

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Kuzyurina, Evgenia M. "Architecture of the Polish People’s Republic as a Reflection of Political Ideas." Observatory of Culture 14, no. 2 (January 1, 2017): 240–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.25281/2072-3156-2017-14-2-240-246.

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Weclawowicz-Gyurkovich, Ewa. "Phenomenon of Polish Religious Architecture of the End of the Twentieth Century." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 471 (February 23, 2019): 022004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/471/2/022004.

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Nadolny, Adam. "Image of the city and modern architecture in the Polish feature films of the 1960s’." Images. The International Journal of European Film, Performing Arts and Audiovisual Communication 22, no. 31 (January 8, 2019): 135–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/i.2017.31.13.

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This article focuses on the inter-dependencies between the film image and architecture. The author has attempted to define what sort of historical background preconditions the film image to gain the status of a source for research on the history of Polish urban planning and post-war architecture, with particular emphasis placed on the 1960s.

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KORDAS, Jerzy, and Andrzej KUDŁASZYK. "POLAND BETWEEN USSR (RUSSIA) AND FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF GERMANY (GERMANY) IN THE FIRST STAGE OF TRANSFORMATION (1989-1992). SELECTED PROBLEMS." Scientific Journal of the Military University of Land Forces 160, no. 2 (April 1, 2011): 119–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0002.2971.

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The paper presents the first years of transformation in Polish policy referring to relations with USSR (Russia) and Federal Republic of Germany (Germany), after the year 1989.Radical reorientation of Polish foreign and commercial policy from east to west was described as well. The process was taking place smoothly not to disturb the course taken by Mikhail Gorbachev, which was supported by both Poland and the West. It rested on building bonds between Poland and Germany, which were introducing Poland to “stay for good” in the Western World. It was accompanied by building a brand new “security architecture” in Europe. It allowed to create in solely few years a foundation for durable presence of Poland in structures of the West for the first time within ages to such an extent.

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Gleń, Piotr. "Orthodox churches inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage Site – the selection criteria." Budownictwo i Architektura 14, no. 3 (September 8, 2015): 235–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.35784/bud-arch.1632.

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The article deals with cultural values that represents the wooden church architecture. Author focuses on the examples of the church in the Polish and Ukrainian region of Carpathian mountains. The abundance of wood as a building material in the region, as well as the landform and the localization, resulted that the local architecture Orthodox Church has become a unique and highly characteristic. The author of the article, presents the wooden churches in the Poland and Ukraine inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage Site which took place on 21 June 2013, at the 37 session. On that list is currently 16 Orthodox churches of the Carpathian region: 8 temples on the Polish side and 8 from the Ukrainian side. The churches of the Carpathian region inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage are a testament to the interpenetration of Christian culture characteristic of the East and the West showing the relationship between the Polish and Ukrainian community.

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Girjatowicz, Józef P. "Touristically-attractive springs in the Polish Lowlands." Turyzm/Tourism 23, no. 1 (March 11, 2014): 47–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/tour-2013-0005.

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On the basis of available published materials and his own research, the author identifies the 27 most attractive springs in the Polish Lowlands. He describes their most important landscape and tourism assets – the relief of the spring outlet area, landforms, the character of the spring itself and the accompanying tourism infrastructure. The article presents available data regarding the water discharged by the springs: volume, temperature, colour and medicinal properties; as well as pointing to associated interesting natural features, examples of religious architecture and historical curiosities. The distribution of springs in the Polish Lowlands is uneven, with the majority found in the area of the morainic uplands, as well as in deeper river valleys and lake troughs.

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Tokajuk, Andrzej, and Ewa Tokajuk. "New Life of Postindustrial Factories in Bialystok – Chosen Aspects." Teka Komisji Architektury, Urbanistyki i Studiów Krajobrazowych 15, no. 1 (February 4, 2020): 16–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.35784/teka.1488.

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The revitalization is one of the most essential processes associated with transformations of urban structures in the 20th and 21st centuries. Revitalization actions, carried out in Polish cities at the beginning of the 21st century, concern mainly postindustrial areas and buildings. The most known revitalization operations in Poland have been carried out in Lodz and Poznan. The authors of the article will present analyses concerning revitalization problems of some old factories in Bialystok – former significant centre of the textile industry in Poland in the end of 19th and first half of the 20th century. The authors will present significant architectural, spatial and economical effects of such transformations. The research was carried out in the frame of scientific project No. S/WA/2/2016 at the Bialystok University of Technology, Faculty of Architecture and financed from science research sources by Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education.

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Zagroba, Marek, Agnieszka Szczepańska, and Adam Senetra. "Analysis and Evaluation of Historical Public Spaces in Small Towns in the Polish Region of Warmia." Sustainability 12, no. 20 (October 11, 2020): 8356. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12208356.

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Public spaces play a special role in the social life, culture, and traditions of historical towns. Public spaces are defined by their urban layout and architectural design and they embody the unique identity of old towns. They integrate local communities and contribute to the formation of social bonds. Urban planning and architecture play an important role in this process. The historical character of public spaces is a prerequisite for social interactions. The aim of this study was to analyze and evaluate historical urban public spaces (market squares) in three small towns in the region of Warmia in north-eastern Poland. Architectural features, urban layout, and the composition of urban and architectural factors, which are largely responsible for synthetic perception of multidimensional space, were evaluated. These goals were achieved with the use of an interpretive historical research method based on original evaluation criteria. The results were used to identify public spaces that require revitalization. Revitalization programs help preserve or revive attractive locations by restoring the right balance between economic and social factors and cultural heritage. The study demonstrated that orderly and harmonious planning of public spaces considerably influences perceptions of space.

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Godlewski, Włodzimierz. "Archaeological and architectural evidence of social change in 13th–17th century Dongola." Polish Archaeology in the Mediterranean 27, no. 1 (April 11, 2018): 617–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.2445.

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The article reviews the body of archaeological and architectural evidence for social transformation taking place in Dongola during the period from the end of the 13th through the end of the 17th century, the uppermost stratum uncovered by Polish archaeologists excavating the ruins of the medieval seat of Makurian kings. Domestic architecture from the late 14th through 17th centuries and the artifactual finds from these dwellings, which were built on top of the ruins of the Makurian capital, demonstrate the character and extent of changes in the education, culture and religion of the inhabitants of the city from the Funj period

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Widera, Marek. "Changes of the lignite seam architecture — A case study from Polish lignite deposits." International Journal of Coal Geology 114 (July 2013): 60–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.coal.2013.02.004.

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Leśniak, Agnieszka, Monika Górka, and Izabela Skrzypczak. "Barriers to BIM Implementation in Architecture, Construction, and Engineering Projects—The Polish Study." Energies 14, no. 8 (April 9, 2021): 2090. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14082090.

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BIM (building information modeling) is a kind of technology that has great potential to enhance the level of automation in architecture, engineering, and construction (AEC) projects. The created virtual model of the facility allows coordinating all industries during the entire life cycle of the building. The possibility to save the data related to the given facility in one place, namely in the BIM model, enables control and management of the AEC projects at every stage. During the design and implementation phase, BIM models facilitate the optimization of time, costs, and quality, and in the operational phase, they support effective management of the facility. The use of BIM for building energy modeling (BEM) is the next step of evolution in architecture and engineering design practice. The benefits of using the BIM approach are widely discussed in the literature; however, they may be hard to achieve if appropriate attention is not directed to minimizing the barriers to the implementation of this technology. Observing Europe, one can notice that western and northern countries successfully use BIM for their needs, while the countries of the Eastern Bloc, including Poland, introduce it at a slower pace. In the present paper, the authors conducted a cause-and-effect analysis of the identified barriers to the implementation of BIM technology in the construction process. For this purpose, the authors applied the Ishikawa diagram, which is a tool that helps to recognize the actual or potential causes of failure. The analysis conducted showed that one of the weakest links in the successful BIM implementation is people and, in particular, their lack of knowledge and reluctance to change. The authors indicated the need to introduce and strengthen preventive actions, mainly through education: training, courses, and studies focused on BIM technology.

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Kocki, Wojciech. "Architecture of Polish water sports facilities located in parks in the interwar period." Teka Komisji Architektury, Urbanistyki i Studiów Krajobrazowych 16, no. 3 (September 30, 2020): 19–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.35784/teka.2434.

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In the interwar period, many sports and recreation facilities were built in Poland. Some of them were located in unique spaces with significant aesthetic and environmental values. One of the examples of such facilities are open swimming pools in the city of Wisła, Ciechocinek and Lviv. Examples of these objects show thoughtful compositional and urban solutions. Such a location of the facilities surrounded by nature was conducive to rest and practicing sports undisturbed by city noise. The location of water sports facilities in parks had many advantages which resulted in better conditions for practicing sports.

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43

Popławska, Irena, and Stefan Muthesius. "Poland's Manchester: 19th-Century Industrial and Domestic Architecture in Lodz." Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians 45, no. 2 (June 1, 1986): 148–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/990093.

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So far, 19th-century architecture in any of the three parts of the divided country of Poland has received virtually no attention from Western (and that includes German) architectural or town-planning historians. Lodz was undoubtedly the most important Polish town developed in the 19th century. The rapidity of the growth, especially in the later 19th century, was astonishing even by western European standards; the degree of preservation of late-19th-century industrial buildings-understood to include not only factories, but also workers' dwellings and factory owners' mansions-is considerable. After examining more briefly the early development of the textile colonies, which were supported very much by the State, the article deals in more detail with large industrial buildings erected by the most important entrepreneurs, Scheibler and Poznański. An attempt is made to relate the particular configuration of workers' houses and mansions to the social set-up locally and generally.

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Kozłowska, Izabela, and Eryk Krasucki. "Spaces of Dependence and Emancipation in Architectural and Urban Narration, a Case Study: Plac Żołnierza Polskiego and Plac Solidarności in Szczecin." Arts 10, no. 1 (March 5, 2021): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/arts10010019.

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Central and Eastern European countries were subjugated to the Soviet Union in the second half of the 20th century. In this new political environment, defined as the period of dependency, the concept of space gained a new denotation as a space of dependence, in both social and physical terms. The political changes that took place after 1989 enabled these spaces to be emancipated. In this work, we aim to delineate the complex relationship between architecture and politics from the perspective of spaces of dependence and their emancipation. Through a case study of two squares, plac Żołnierza Polskiego (the Square of the Polish Soldier) and plac Solidarności (Solidarity Square) in Szczecin, we gained insights into the processes and strategies that promoted their evolution into spaces of emancipation within architectural and urban narratives. Szczecin’s space of dependence was created by an authoritarian state that had a monopoly on defining architecture and urban planning in the country and the state as a whole. In a process orchestrated by economic factors, as well as the scale of architectural and urban degradation, the squares under discussion have transitioned from spaces of dependency to spaces of emancipation. As a result, an architectural-urban structure characterized by new cultural and identity values has been created.

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Sulima, Magdalena. "Houses of the Polish-Belarusian borderland as areas of value." Budownictwo i Architektura 18, no. 4 (April 9, 2020): 103–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.35784/bud-arch.1423.

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Nowadays, as a result of globalization processes, the sense of identity and relationship between humans and their place of living is increasingly losing its importance. Today’s thinking about the house as a centre of the world is becoming less obvious in comparison to the symbolism of a house in the folk culture. Wooden houses on the Polish and Belarus border are an example of a temporal continuum – both in the spatial and in the spiritual aspect. Because of their architecture, decoration on facades and spatial layout, they are a distinctive feature of the local landscape, and ethnic communities inhabiting them, to this day have maintained a strong identification with their own roots and place of residence. The greatest threat to the continuity of local tradition as well as wooden architecture of borderland villages is their progressive extinction. That is why the issue of protection of the cultural heritage and the generational memory of local residents is one of the key issues in maintaining the identity of those areas. The aim of the article which is based on ethnographic sources and field researches is to present the symbolism of traditional wooden houses in the villages of the north-eastern Poland as areas of material and spiritual values and to bring attention to the need of protecting them in the context of contemporary civilization changes.

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Karpowicz, Agnieszka. "Azbest Punk." Kultura Popularna 3, no. 53 (February 26, 2018): 11–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0010.8262.

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The article analyses the lyrics of Polish punk rock songs showing their relationship with urban culture. By considering punk culture as an urban culture it interprets an impact of architecture and its materiality on the character of music and texts.

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Faraldo, José M. "Medieval Socialist Artefacts: Architecture and Discourses of National Identity in Provincial Poland, 1945–1960." Nationalities Papers 29, no. 4 (December 2001): 605–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00905990120102110.

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Many things allow us to recognize that the Poles have a greater and fuller affinity with the Poznań Land than the Germans, even today. It is interesting, for example, with what confidence Polish architects, in contrast to their German counterparts, incorporate historical and regional characteristics in their designs.Moritz JafféThe Archive of the Town Curator of Monuments in the Polish city Poznań contains material about streets, monuments, Old Town Square, the cathedral, and other valuable constructions there. A folder labeled Nowy Ratusz (New Town Hall) attracted my attention, because I knew nothing about such a building. The folder contained photographs of a large neo-Gothic building. It looked like a typical Prussian public building, similar to hundreds of other postal, school, and government offices throughout the Prussian/German state. But what of this building? Had it been another casualty of the Second World War? The postwar images showed, that although seriously damaged, the building still stood in the ruins of the Old Town Square.

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Repelewicz, Aleksandra. "Log houses moving as an element of sustainable development in architecture." MATEC Web of Conferences 174 (2018): 01031. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201817401031.

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Investors moving log houses are faced with many challenges in the course of their investment, beginning with the issue of obtaining a building permit (Polish building law does not provide for this type of investment), all the way to numerous difficulties when erecting the building. The study outlines the investment process for the moving of log houses, with a particular emphasis on the stages during which it is possible to make various decisions which affect on the future use of the structure.

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Henczel-Wróblewska, Ligia. "Polscy protagoniści rodzimej kultury i literatury we Włoszech w XX wieku." Z Badań nad Książką i Księgozbiorami Historycznymi 11 (December 29, 2017): 253–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.33077/uw.25448730.zbkh.2017.38.

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Italia for ages attracted representatives of all sorts nations with unique geographical advantages, diversified nature, richness of the works of art, architecture. The Poles have been enjoying its cultural, artistic, and scientific achievements for over eight centuries. They left their tracks there in the form of archive records, literature, works of art, necropolis. They were also promoting Polish culture in Italy, in both individual and institutional actions. The author presented a few Poles and Polish institutions, which introduced Polish literature and culture into Italian cultural life in the 20 century. These are mostly scholars, historians, librarians, writers. A few of them are quite well-known and described in literature (e.g. Karolina Lanckorońska, Roman Pollak). However, many others have not been an object of in-depth studies, including Józef Feliks Michałowski, Jan Władysław Woś, Ryszard K. Lewański or the Adam Mickiewicz Academy of Polish and Slavic Literatures and History in Bologne and the Attilio Behey Institute of Polish Culture in Turin. The output of the Polish community abroad, being maintained in Italian libraries and archives, confirms both the value of common cultural background, and permament engagement of the Poles in strengthening and popularization of the Polish writing legacy in Italy.

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Borucka, Justyna, and Bartosz Macikowski. "How to Teach Architecture – Remarks on the Edge of Polish Transformation Processes After 1989." Procedia Engineering 161 (2016): 1289–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2016.08.591.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Architecture, Polish'

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