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1
McLean, Diane Lynn. "Indigenous Tswana architecture: with specific reference to the Tshidi Rolong village at Mafikeng." Thesis, Rhodes University, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1007600.
Full textAbstract:
This essay is divided roughly into two main sections; in the first I have discussed the Tswana as a whole, their environment, their origins and their more recent history. In addition to this, I have tried to give a clear picture of their tribal political structure and economic activities, as well as their domestic activities, all of which are integrally linked to the kind of house form adopted by the Tswana. The last, and most important, part of the first section is a presentation of some of the earliest written descriptions of Tswana dwellings made by the first white travellers to enter Tswana territory. The second section takes the form of a presentation of findings observed during the course of personal field research undertaken in the Tshidi-Rolong village outside Mafikeng. This research was done by means of a number of questionnaires drawn up by myself and filled in on the spot with information supplied by house owners and sometimes the builders themselves. This survey was carried out largely at random, with several of the houses chosen arbitrarily because of an interesting feature which set them apart from other dwellings. This written information is backed up by a large bulk of visual information in the form of photographs taken personally, both of the dwellings in general, and of details of the houses. Although this essay may appear to be rather fragmented, my aim is to give a graphic account of changes in Tswana dwellings by comparing features of contemporary dwellings with those observed in the early nineteenth century. The fact that among the Tswana , the building style of one sub-tribe may vary slightly from that of another subtribe, has not affected my study to any large extent , since I was fortunate enough to have done my field research among a branch of one of the original groups, namely the Rolong, whose houses, along with those of the Tlhaping, were the first to be documented. Therefore, most of the differences which have occurred between the dwellings of the contemporary Tshidi-Rolong and those from the early nineteenth century are a direct result of the process of westernisation.
2
Desai, Ahmad. "Establishing the kinematics of the North East Region of South Africa with the use of GPS data." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/21192.
Full textAbstract:
The Nubia-Somalia boundary is one of the least well defined plate boundaries. The southern extension, as it extends through the latitudes that are co-incidental to South Africa's geographical extent has not been defined. This project analyses Trignet data, supplemented with other available Nubian GPS data, to determine whether the North East Region of South Africa is segregated from the Nubian Plate. A ten year GPS time series (processed using the Bernese 5.0 precise GNSS software) is minimally constrained to the ITRF2008, using the reprocessed IGS08 products. This processed data was managed to alleviate GPS time series bias, which includes seasonal effects, the determination of GPS velocity uncertainty using a white+ icker noise model, discontinuity detection using Roggero's (2012) discontinuity algorithm and an outlier detection using an algorithm developed for this project for each of the 104 stations incorporated in the network. The computed velocities were compared to the ITRF2008 published velocities and a RMS of the post t residuals of 0.4, 0.4 and 0.7 mm/yr for the North, East and Height were computed respectively. This RMS is of similar magnitude to the WRMS of the post t velocity residuals in computing transformation parameters from ITRF2005 to ITRF2008, suggesting that the threshold of ITRF2008 velocity precision has been obtained. The resultant Euler vector was scrutinised on three fronts: an Euler vector rep- resenting the geographical extent of South Africa, an Euler vector in which the height velocity was minimised to zero and an Euler vector representing the North East Region of South Africa. All computed Euler vectors are consistent, suggesting a uniform South African GPS velocity field. The Euler vector representative of South Africa's uniform velocity field has an angular velocity of 0.273 deg/Myr, with a pole of rotation at lat 50.85 and long -82.83 degrees and is consistent with the Euler vectors computed by Altamimi et al. (2012) and Malservisi et al. (2013) for Africa and South Africa respectively. The consistency of the Euler vector suggests that South Africa is underlain by a single plate (i.e. the Nubian Plate), and that the East African Rift valley does not extend into South Africa. Hence, for future tectonic studies and long term reference frame solutions, stations such as HARB, HRAO and RBAY should be included, as they are not located in deformation zones.
3
Hammond, Napoleon Quaye. "The geochemistry of ore fluids and control of gold mineralization in banded iron-formation at the Kalahari Goldridge deposit, Kraaipan greenstone belt, South Africa." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1008370.
Full textAbstract:
The Kalahari Goldridge mine is located within the Archaean Kraaipan Greenstone Belt about 60 km SW of Mafikeng in the Northwestern Province, South Africa. Several gold deposits are located within approximately north - south-striking banded iron-formation (BIF). Current opencast mining operations are focused on the largest of these (D Zone). The orebody is stratabound and hosted primarily in the BIF, which consists of alternating chert and magnetite-chloritestilpnomelane-sulphide-carbonate bands ranging from mm to cm scale. The ore body varies in thickness from 15 to 45 m along a strike length of about 1.5 km. The BlF is sandwiched between a sericite-carbonate-chlorite schist at the immediate footwall and carbonaceous meta-pelites in the hanging-wall. Further west in the footwall, the schists are underlain by mafic meta-volcanic amphibolite. Overlying the hanging-wall carbonaceous metapeiites are schist units and meta-greywackes that become increasingly conglomeratic up the stratigraphy. Stilpnomelane-, chlorite- and minnesotaite-bearing assemblages in the BlFs indicate metamorphic temperatures of 300 - 450°C and pressures of less than 5 kbars. The BIF generally strikes approximately 3400 and dips from 60 to 75°E. Brittle-ductile deformation is evidenced by small-scale isoclinal folds, brecciation, extension fractures and boudinaging of cherty BIF units. Fold axial planes are sub-parallel to the foliation orientation with sub-vertical plunges parallel to prominent rodding and mineral lineation in the footwall. Gold mineralization at the Kalahari Goldridge deposit is associated with two generations of subhorizontal quartz-carbonate veins dips approximately 20 to 40°W. The first generation consists of ladder vein sets (Group lIA) preferentially developed in Fe-rich meso bands, whilst the second generation consists of large quartz-carbonate veins (Group lIB), which crosscut the entire ore body extending into the footwall and hanging-wall in places. Major structures that control the ore body are related to meso-scale isoclinal folds with fold axes subparallel to mineral elongation lineations, which plunge approximately 067°E. These linear structures form orthogonal orientation with the plane of the mineralized shallowdipping veins indicating stretching and development of fluid - focusing conduits. A second-order controlling feature corresponds to the intersection of the mineralized veins and foliation planes of host rock, plunging approximately 008°N and trending 341°. G0ld is closely associated with sulphides, mainly pyrite and pyrrhotite and to a lesser extent with bismuth tellurides, and carbonate gangue. The ore fluid responsible for the gold deposition is in the C-O-H system with increased CH₄ contents attributed to localized hydrolysis reaction between interbedded carbonaceous sediment and ore fluid. The fluid is characterized by significant C0₂ contents and low salinities below 7.0 wt % NaCl equivalent (averages of 3.5 and 3.0 wt % NaCl equivalent for the first and second episodes of the mineralization respectively) . Calculated values of f0₂. ranging from 10⁻²⁹·⁹⁸ to 10⁻³²·⁹⁶ bars, bracket the C0₂-CH₄ and pyrite-pyrrhotite-magnetite buffer boundaries and reveal the reducing nature of the ore fluid at deposition. Calculated total sulphur content in the ore fluid (mΣs), ranges from 0.011 to 0.018M and is consistent with the range (10⁻³·⁵ to 10⁻¹M) reported for subamphibolite facies ore fluids. The close association of sulphides with the Au and nature of the fluid also give credence that the Au was carried in solution by the Au(HS)₂ - complex. Extensive epigenetic replacement of magnetite and chlorite in BIF and other meta-pelitic sediments in the deposit by sulphides and carbonates, both on meso scopic and microscopic scales gives evidence of an interaction by a CO₂- and H₂S-bearing fluid with the Fe-rich host rocks in the deposit. This facilitated Au precipitation due to changes in the physico-chemical conditions of the ore fluid such as a decrease in the mΣs and pH leading to the destabilization of the reduced sulphur complexes. Local gradients in f0₂ may account for gold precipitation in places within carbonaceous sediments. The fineness of the gold grams (1000*Au/(Au + Ag) ranges from 823 to 921. This compares favourably with the fineness reported for some Archaean BIFhosced deposits (851 - 970). Mass balance transfer calculations indicate that major chemical changes associated with the hydrothermal alteration of BIF include enrichment of Au, Ag, Bi, Te, volatiles (S and CO₂), MgO, Ba, K and Rb but significant depletion of SiO₂ and minor losses of Fe₂O₃. In addition, anomalous enrichment of Sc (average, 1247%) suggests its possible use as an exploration tool in the ferruginous sediments in the Kraaipan greenstone terrane. Evidence from light stable isotopes and fluid inclusions suggests that the mineralized veins crystallized from a single homogeneous fluid source during the two episodes of mineralization under the similar physicochemical conditions. Deposition occurred at temperatures rangmg from 350 to 400°C and fluid pressures ranging from 0.7 to 2.0kbars. Stable isotope constraints indicate the following range for the hydrothermal fluid; θ¹⁸H₂O = 6.65 to 10.48%0, 8¹³CΣc = -6.0 to -8.0 %0 and 8³⁴SΣs = + 1.69 to + 4.0%0 . These data do not offer conclusive evidence for the source of fluid associated with the mineralization at the Kalahari Goldridge deposit as they overlap the range prescribed for fluid derived from devolatization of deep-seated volcano-sedimentary piles near the brittle-ductile transition in greenstone belts during prograde metamorphism, and magmatic hydrothermal fluids.<br>KMBT_363<br>Adobe Acrobat 9.54 Paper Capture Plug-in
4
Matshego, Tabane Samuel. "Capacity building support in the senior public service of the North West Province of South Africa issues for leadership and governance /." Pretoria : [s.n.], 2007. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-05272008-175837/.
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Nkashe, Esther. "Language and social services in rural North West the status of Setswana." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002165.
Full textAbstract:
This study seeks to support the thesis that African indigenous languages in South Africa should enjoy equal treatment in terms of the South African Constitution. Therefore, it will explore and find ways and means of how the South African government can reach out to rural communities with inadequate English proficiency, in an English-dominated South Africa, by breaking down the existing language barriers and curbing social inequalities. Language rights, like any other human rights, should be protected, as enshrined in the new democratic Constitution of South Africa.
6
Mosarwa, Ipeleng Felicia. "Usage of tribal assets towards community development : case study Royal Bafokeng Nation." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1020378.
Full textAbstract:
Tribal (rural) communities possess assets/resources that can be utilised in improving the quality of life of their residents. The processes involved in the usage of these assets toward community-led development can determine the success or failure of the development efforts by the community. The research conducted was aimed at investigating the processes involved in utilising these assets, with reference being placed on two community-led development approaches namely Asset Based Community Development and Sustainable Livelihood Framework. The research will examine the processes that the Royal Bafokeng Nation has used in the successful development of its community. A comparison of the community-led development processes will be compared to the Integrated Sustainable Development Strategy formulated by the South African government to develop rural communities. The results indicate that development is not just about asset identification, it‟s more complex than that. If development was just about resource identification then a lot of tribal communities would be developed. Development is about the interactions between leaders, community and external sources and in the case of RBN, administration as well. It is about interaction between leaders and community in the form of participation in development efforts; interaction between leaders (and administration) with external sources such as municipalities to enhance development; and interaction between community and external sources through social capital. The results also indicate that whilst it is the duty of government to provide basic services, communities can partake in other development initiatives. That development in it‟s entirely should not be left to government if communities have the means of initiating development. That government has to improve certain aspects in their development strategies, but that it has made strides in formulating strategies to develop rural communities. The challenges for government come in the implementation of these strategies. That partnership between community and government can lead to better and sustainable development initiatives.
7
Chaphatso, Motswantweng Ephraim. "The community response to the demarcation of the Merafong Municipality into the North West Province." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/3489.
Full textAbstract:
This study was undertaken to describe how the community responded to the incorporation of the Merafong Municipality into the North West Province. The study examined the protracted conflict in Khutsong as well as why the strategies to end the conflict failed. The study was concerned about latent conflict; how differences are raised; dissatisfaction amongst members of the communities and that power asymmetry is the main driver of emotions leading to aggressive behaviour. Service delivery protests are characterised by violence in South Africa and more often communities turn violent in their engagement with their leaders or council officials. This is because it is believed that violence is the only language that authorities understand and they have nothing to lose as government property gets destroyed. Late invitations of third parties who have regulatory skills (negotiations, mediation, conciliation or judicial processes) when conflicts begin, lead to their escalation. A qualitative research method was chosen for this study. A qualitative case study better explained the phenomenon of interest. It allowed me to collect data from the respondents who were active members of the community through interviews. Twelve members of the community (from politicians, ordinary members, educators and the clergy) were part of the respondents. The report was of the respondents own personal experiences as active members of the community. Collected data from the transcripts was coded. Codes with similar meaning were put together in the same categories and the themes were formed from the categories. The qualitative content analysis method was used to analyse the data. From the analysis, it emerged that there was lack of communication and consultation from the side of the government before the implementation of the 16th Amendment Bill which was aimed at removing the cross border municipalities. The announcement was finally made of the incorporation of the Merafong Municipality into North West Province in 2005. The announcement was met with anger and frustration by the Khutsong Demarcation Forum and the community whose expectations were that the incorporation will not go ahead given the reasons they put forth when they met the government officials in the meetings after the demarcation board had proposed it. Violence was the only option for the community to show that their talks with government officials failed and that they are seriously opposed to the incorporation. That led to a protracted violence in Khutsong until 2009 when the Cross-Boundary Municipalities Laws Repeal and Related Matters Amendment Act of 2009 act was passed to reincorporate the Merafong Municipality back into Gauteng.
8
Sehume, Kgomotso Lovey. "Childhood immunization in Mmakaunyane village in the North West Province of South Africa." Thesis, University of Limpopo (Medunsa Campus), 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10386/802.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (M Med (Paediatrics and Child Health)-- University of Limpopo, 2011.<br>ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:
Immunization is one of the most cost effective preventative health care interventions that is available to communities; it has greatly reduced the burden of infectious diseases in
childhood. Since the W orId Health Organization launched the expanded programme of immunization in 1974, routine childhood immunization is widely available and it forms an
integral part of preventative healthcare. Unfortunately, many children lack access to this life saving health care intervention. Communities in poor, rural areas often lack access to basic
services, including health care and immunization services. We studied immunization coverage in a poor, rural community in South Africa and further explored what factors put children in this community at risk for under-immunization.
METHOD:
This was a cross sectional study, in which the immunization status of children from birth to six years of age living in Mmakaunyane was assessed. The primary caregivers of these
children were also interviewed to determine their knowledge, attitudes and their practices with regards to immunizations; they were further asked about their perception of healthcare service delivery in the village. Using a map of the village, it was divided it into 30 blocks with 4 clusters in each block. Field workers were looking for a maximum of 5 eligible children in each cluster. We used the Road to Health Card to check if immunization was
complete for age according to the SA EPI.
RESUL TS:
There were 567 children enrolled in the study. The majority of the children were above 18 months of age (64.4%) We found that 92.1 % of children were in possession of a RHC. In total, 432 (76.2%) of the children were fully immunized for their age, 97 (17.1%) had
incomplete immunizations and immunization status was unknown for 38 (6.7%). The primary caregiver for most of the children was the biological mother (85.5%). There was a low level of education amongst the primary caregivers with only 15.3% having completed matric or attained higher level of education. Caregiver knowledge of immunization was poor and only 21.1 % of caregivers correctly mentioned three diseases that can be prevented by
immunization. The majority of the caregivers (96.0%) believed that immunizations help to keep children healthy.
Approximately half (49.9%), of the caregivers perceived immunization service delivery in Mmakaunyane village to be good. Factors that were found to be associated with incomplete immunization included age of caregiver, gender of the child and knowledge of the caregiver on immunization.
CONCLUSION:
Only 76.2% of children were fully immunized for their age in Mmakaunyane village. This immunization coverage rate is less than the National target of 90% for all children aged one year. The proportion of children under one year of age that are fully immunized is higher than
that of the whole group. This indicates that the older children have a lesser level of immunization coverage (>18 months: 74.2%). The major factors that were found to be
associated with under-immunization include lack of knowledge about immunizations, older age of the caregiver as well as poor accessibility of health care services. Female children
were also found to be at increased risk for under-immunization. Measures to improve immunization coverage in this community need to take all these factors into consideration
9
Yang, Jin. "Exploration geochemical mapping in the north-eastern sector of the Morokweng impact structure, South Africa." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2006. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_8373_1189147095.
Full textAbstract:
<p>The Morokweng impact structure which is located in the North West province of South Africa, has attracted attention as a potential host for Ni-PGE mineralization. Geochemical exploration techniques using hydroxylamine partial extraction were used to determine the nature and source of surface geochemical anomalies known to occur in the overlying aeolian sang regolith. About 40 aeolian samples were taken from an area of about 35 square kilometer, located in the north eastern sector of the Morokweng impact structure. The samples were sieved to various grain size fractions and partially extracted using varying concentration of hydroxylamine hydrochloride at 50°<br>C.</p>
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Roux, Susanna Magrieta. "Diary cards: Preliminary evaluation of an intervention tool for improving adherence to antiretroviral therapy and TB preventive therapy in people living with HIV/AIDS." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2004. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=init_9725_1177916709.
Full textAbstract:
Adherence to prescribed medications is a central feature of good clinical HIV care and a key factor in determining the effectiveness of treatment. This is especially true for HIV-infected patients, on antiretroviral treatment, where adherence is strongly associated with survival. HIV-associated tuberculosis is a major and increasing health problem, especially in sub-Saharan Africa. Clinical trials have demonstrated a benefit of isoniazid preventive therapy in preventing TB among HIV-infected persons, and its use among these patients is recommended. Nearly perfect compliance seems to be indispensable to obtain the maximum benefit from highly active antiretroviral treatment and prophylactic medications. Accurately assessing non-adherence is a necessary first step towards improving adherence to active antiretroviral treatment and isoniazid preventive therapy. The introduction of diary cards is being considered as a measure of adherence and as a tool to improve adherence among HIV-infected individuals receiving antiretroviral treatment or isoniazid preventive therapy. This was a preliminary study to evaluate the effectiveness of diary cards as intervention tool for promoting adherence to antiretroviral and prophylactic TB therapy in people living with HIV/AIDS, to evaluate the diary card as a tool to measure adherence and to evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of diary cards.
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Mapukule, Livhuwani Ernest. "Interpretation of regional geochemical data as an aid to exploration target generation in the North West Province South Africa." Thesis, University of Fort Hare, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10353/268.
Full textAbstract:
This study involves the application, interpretation and utilization of regional geochemical data for target generation in the North West Province, South Africa. A regional soil geochemical survey programme has been carried out by the Council of Geoscience South Africa since 1973. A number of 1:250 000 sheet areas have been completed, but there are no interpretative maps which could aid in mineral exploration and other purposes. In order to utilize the valuable and expensive data, the project was motivated through data acquisition and interpretation to generate exploration targets. The study area is confined to Mafikeng, Vryburg, Kuruman and Christiana in the Northwest Province, where potential exploration and mining opportunities exist in areas of great geological interest. These include geological events such as the Bushveld Complex, the Kalahari manganese field and the Kraaipan greenstone belts. The aim of this project was to utilize geochemical data together with geophysical and geological information to verify and identification of possible obscured ore bodies or zones of mineralization, and to generate targets. Another objective was the author to be trained in the techniques of geochemical data processing, interpretation and integration of techniques such as geophysics, in the understanding of the geology and economic geology of the areas. Approximately 5 kg of surface soil was collected per 1 km2 by CGS from foot traversing. Pellets of the samples were prepared and analyzed for TiO2, MnO and Fe2O3, Sc, V, Cr, Ni, Co, Cu, Zn, As, Y, Ba, Nb, Rb, Th, W, Zr, Pb, Sr and U using the simultaneous wavelengthdispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometer technique at the Council for Geoscience, South Africa. For each element the mean +2 standard deviations were used as a threshold value to separate the negative from the positive anomalies. The integration of geological, geophysical and geochemical information was used to analyze and understand the areas of interest. A number of computer programmes were extensively used for data processing, manipulation, and presentation. These include Golden Software Surfer 8®, Arc-View 3.2a®, TNT-Mips®, JMP 8 ®, and Microsoft Excel®. Through geochemical data processing and interpretation, together with the low resolution aeromagnetic data, gravity data and geological data, seven (7) exploration target areas have been generated: These have been numbered A to G. It is concluded that there is good potential for Cr, PGMs, vanadium, nickel, iron, copper, manganese, uranium and niobium in the targets generated. The results provide some indication and guide for exploration in the target areas. In Target A, Cu, Cr, Fe, Ni and V anomalies from the lower chromitite zone of far western zone of the Bushveld Complex, which has be overlain buy the thick surface sand of the Gordonia Formation. Target B occurs over the diabase, norite, andesitic lava and andalusite muscovite hornfels of the Magaliesberg Formation. This target has the potential for Cu, Fe and Ni mineralization. The felsic rocks of the Kanye Formation and the Gaborone Granite in target C have shown some positive anomalies of niobium, uranium, yttrium and rubidium which give the area potential for Nb, REE and U exploration. Target D is located on the Allanridge Formation, and has significant potential for Ni-Cu mineralization, and is associated with the komatiitic lava at the base of the Allanridge Formation in the Christiana Area. The light green tholeiitic, calc-alkali basalt and andesitic rocks of the Rietgat Formation are characterized by a north-south trending yttrium anomaly with supporting Ba and Y anomalies (Target E). This makes the area a potential target for rare earth elements. Calcrete on the west of the Kuruman has a low b potential target for vanadium. It is believed that the area might be potential for potassium-uranium vanadate minerals, carnotite which is mostly found in calcrete deposits. This study has proved to be a useful and approach in utilizing the valuable geochemical data for exploration and future mining, generated by Council for Geoscience Science. It is recommended that further detailed soil, rock and geochemical surveys and ultimately diamond drilling be carried out in the exploration target areas generated by this study.
12
Sithole, Tholiwe Sophie. "Nutrition security of farm workers in the North West Province, South Africa / T.S. Sithole." Thesis, North-West University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/1327.
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Thorn, Michelle. "Carnivores of the North West Province, South Africa : Abundance, occupancy and conflict with humans." Thesis, University of Brighton, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.511287.
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Molepo, Matshipi Moses. "Class consciousness in the 2012 labour disputes at Marikana, North West Province, South Africa." Thesis, University of Limpopo, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10386/1960.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (M. A. (Sociology)) --University of Limpopo, 2017<br>The purpose of this study was to explain the events surrounding the Marikana
miners’ strike in 2012, using Marxism’s concept of class consciousness. The labour
disputes witnessed at Marikana in 2012 represent one of the major labour
movements that South Africa has witnessed since the inception of democracy. This
study adopted qualitative research methods to inquire into the events of the
Marikana 2012 labour disputes. Methods used in this study include qualitative
research, descriptive research design, Marxism critical inquiry, purposive sampling
and critical discourse analysis. Moreover, the study investigated employee relations
in the mining sector. In addition, this study also examined the Marikana miner’s
working and living conditions and probed the role of social control agencies,
including, trade unions, bargaining councils and the police, during the protests. This
study proposes a fair distribution of wealth in the mining sector and the removal of
the Migrant Labour System. Additionally, this study recommends transparency in the
mining sector, the transformation of the education system and the restructuring of
trade unions.<br>University of Limpopo Research Office
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Pettey, Ryan Patrick. "Hartbeespoortdam butterfly conservancy an ecological splurge /." Diss., Pretoria : [s.n.], 2004. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-05282004-085314.
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Verschoor, Aart-Jan. "Agricultural development in the North-West Province of South Africa through application of comprehensive planning and appraisal methodologies." Thesis, Pretoria : [s.n. ], 2003. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-05272005-144651/.
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Pretorius, Hester Magdalena. "The quality of environmental impact reports in the North West Province, South Africa / H.M. Pretorius." Thesis, North-West University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/1402.
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La, Grange Mari. "Vegetation classification of the proposed Heritage Park, North-West Province, South Africa / Mari la Grange." Thesis, North-West University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/4223.
Full textAbstract:
The proposed Heritage Park will link Pilanesberg National Park and Madikwe Game Reserve with a corridor of approximately 170 000 ha, to form a conservation area of roughly 250 000 ha.
This proposed Heritage Park will contribute to reaching the conservation target set for the
Savanna biome. Developing a conservation area for eco-tourism will lead to job creation and it
will increase the livelihoods of the people from the local communities. The escalating tourism
demand at Pilanesberg and Madikwe, unique features, such as the Molatedi Dam, Marico River
and Dwarsberg Mountains and the archaeological importance of the area further provides a
strong motivation for the development of the proposed Heritage Park.
For effective planning, development and management of the proposed Heritage Park, it is
essential to have a sound knowledge base of the ecosystems present and its biota. Several
sub-research projects have been planned, including a soil and vegetation survey (of which the
current study forms a part), a land and biodiversity audit, a socio-economic impact assessment,
a game carrying capacity survey, spatial planning, heritage status and development and
traditional knowledge surveys. No vegetation studies have previously been carried out in the
central part of the corridor area, which covers a surface area of more than 90 000 ha. The aims
of this study were to classify and describe the vegetation of the Central Corridor Area (CCA), to
map plant communities, to identify and describe broad vegetation units and to integrate this
study with previous studies carried out in other parts of the proposed Heritage Park.
Stratified, random sampling was done and 222 relevés were completed in the CCA. A total of 20
plant communities and 17 sub-communities were identified and described in four land types in
the CCA, using the Braun-Blanquet approach. Data was processed using the TURBOVEG
database and a visual editor for phytosociological tables, MEGATAB. The correlations between
environmental variables and plant communities were identified with the use of Correspondence
Analysis (CA) ordinations and Principal Component Analyses (PCA) ordinations in CANOCO.
The plant communities and also the areas with serious bush thickening and old cultivated fields
were mapped. The plant communities from different land types were combined into three
vegetation units and four vegetation sub-units, which were described in terms of species
composition and environmental variables and management recommendations were given. The
first vegetation unit (the Acacia robusta – Acacia tortilis Vegetation Unit) was found on deep soil,
on plains. The second vegetation unit (the Mundulea sericea – Vitex zeyheri Vegetation Unit)
was also found on plains, but on shallow sandy soil. The third vegetation unit (the Grewia
flavescens – Panicum maximum Vegetation Unit) was found on shallow, sandy and rocky soil
on mountains. The vegetation classification of the CCA was also compared with the vegetation
studies carried out in the Expansion Areas of Madikwe and Pilanesberg.<br>Thesis (M.Sc. (Environmental Science))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2010.
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Davoren, Elandrie. "Plant diversity patterns of a settlement in the North-West Province, South Africa / Elandrie Davoren." Thesis, North-West University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/5676.
Full textAbstract:
In recent years the composition of urban vegetation has become far more complex than that of
the surrounding natural vegetation. This is mainly due to the influence that humans have on the
creation of new plant communities and the management of urban green spaces. Green spaces
are fundamental to the restoration and maintenance of biodiversity in areas that have been
severely impacted by urban development. Green spaces provide various ecosystem services
and benefits for the health and well-being of urban residents, and can help to reduce the effects
of global climate change.
The most understudied green space in the entire urban green infrastructure is homegardens.
Homegardens contribute greatly to the species composition of urban and rural settlements and
are important in situ conservation sites that help to protect rare and endemic species. They are
essential agricultural systems, especially in rural settlements, that provide both sources of
additional income generation and food supply. In developing countries such as South Africa,
very few studies have been done on homegardens and the benefits they provide to
homeowners and to urban ecosystems in general. However, since South Africa become
committed to the United Nations Millennium Development Goals in 2000, more research has
been done on the potential of homegardens for poverty alleviation.
The aim of this study was to determine the patterns of plant diversity in a rural settlement and to
determine to what extent the socioeconomic status of the inhabitants influences the plant
species composition of the settlement. The settlement of Ganyesa, situated in the Bophirima
district in the North-West Province, was chosen for the study. Using GIS techniques, a grid was
placed over the settlement and plant surveys were done every 500 m. Different land-use types
were identified during the completion of the survey, namely natural areas, fragmented natural
areas, fallow fields, road verges, wetlands, home gardens and institutional gardens. The
national South African census data from 2001 proved to be too unreliable to accurately
determine the SES of the residents in Ganyesa. Consequently, a social survey was completed
by means of a questionnaire to determine the socioeconomic status of the owners of the
homegardens under study.
Clear differences could be observed between the land-use types and the indigenous and alien
species composition, which were indicated in kriging maps. In comparison with the natural
areas, homegardens contained more alien species than the surrounding natural areas. The
vegetation composition for all the homegardens were correlated with the residents
socioeconomic status along a socioeconomic gradient, ranging from low, to medium to high. ANCOVA, multiple regressions and basic statistical analyses were performed using all the
vegetation and socioeconomic data. Meaningful correlations occur between the socioeconomic
status of the homeowners and the plant diversity of their gardens.<br>Thesis (M. Environmental Science)--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2010.
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Jantjies, Dumisani Joseph. "The analysis of performance accountability in the North West and Gauteng Provinces in South Africa." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2014. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/5040/.
Full textAbstract:
Government accountability is one of the key issues often raised in debates about governance in young democracies such as South Africa (RSA). Comparing two provincial governments in RSA as case studies, this thesis explores accountability between provincial government and its various stakeholders. There is a wide literature on government accountability however this literature is limited on RSA public sector accountability, either from the perspective of what it means or how it is attained. In recent years provincial government stakeholders have complained about weaknesses and lack of government accountability and efficient performance. The effectiveness of recent mechanisms such as Batho Pele (BP), as a way to consult citizens and therefore to enhance provincial government accountability and performance, has also been questioned by stakeholders and government. In this thesis, the PATIGAHAR accountability analytical framework is developed from the basic building blocks of the principal-agent model and the accountability literature, in particular Ashworth and Skelcher (2005) four dimensional approach. Interviews were held with various stakeholders and published reports on government accountability were also analysed against the criteria of the PATIGAHAR model. Accountability is weakened by lack of specific measures of citizens’ accountability. Poor implementation of BP hampers government efforts to involve citizens for accountability. The role of the legislature in government accountability needs to be improved and made specific for the benefits of all stakeholders.
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Raphala, Balefilwe Solomon. "Contract-farming : a case study of sunflower farming in the Bojanala district of the North West Province." Thesis, University of Limpopo (Turfloop Campus), 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10386/938.
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Magano, David Kebalepile. "Assessment of the evaluation approaches of agricultural projects in Bojanala Region of the North West Province, South Africa." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/30309.
Full textAbstract:
A central question in agricultural extension evaluation is whether extension staff is familiar with appropriate evaluation prescripts for evaluating extension activities, and to what extent or how often do they implement those prescripts. The study assessed the approaches followed by the extension staff to evaluate agricultural projects in Bojanala Extension Region. It, specifically, provided a demographic orientation of extension staff in the Region. It also provided some orientation to project performance, and determined the effect of independent variables on the proficiency to formulate project objectives and determined knowledge with regard to formulation of objectives, the frequency at which these extension staff evaluate projects, and their knowledge on committee involvement in evaluation. Lastly, the study looked at the effect of PMDS rating of the extension staff on their proficiency to formulate project objectives, the frequency at which they evaluate projects and their knowledge on committee involvement in evaluation, and determined the respondents’ knowledge (intervening variable) with regard to the dependent variables. A total of 40 respondents (extension workers) were involved in interview sessions allowing extensive interaction and discussion before individuals were requested to record their viewpoints regarding various alternatives in questionnaires and prepared for that purpose and which were subsequently analysed. The results reveal that there is under-representation of female extension staff, with relatively old extension workers (40 years and older). The majority of the Regional extension workers are in possession of technically specialised qualifications. Also, it is clear that technically advised agricultural extension projects are more successful than the LRAD, Food Security and LandCare projects. The results also provide evidence, that project objectives are often not clear, specific, and measurable. Only 50% of the respondents in possession of NQF Level 7&8 qualification scored average points regarding project objective formulation. 31.5% respondents in all ranks indicated only an average and even below average ability to formulate objectives. Merely 33.3% in possession of NQF Level 7&8 evaluate projects on a monthly or less basis. Extension workers with 15 years or less experience evaluate their projects more frequently than the respondents with 16 years or more experience. The agricultural technicians seem to be having limited responsibility of evaluating projects in which they are involved. The other disappointing revelation is that only 23% of the respondents evaluate the projects after completion of every activity and only 29.7% clearly indicated that they know exactly to what extent committee members are involved in the evaluation of projects. Copyright<br>Dissertation (MSc(Agric))--University of Pretoria, 2010.<br>Agricultural Economics, Extension and Rural Development<br>unrestricted
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Jones, Robert Ryan. "Risk-based assessment of environmental asbestos contamination in the Northern Cape and North West provinces of South Africa." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1012612.
Full textAbstract:
The commercial mining of asbestos occurred in four Provinces of South Africa (Northern Cape, North West, Limpopo and Mpumalanga). It was initiated in the late 1800's and lasted for over a hundred years into the beginning of this century. As a producer of amphibole asbestos, South Africa far outpaced every other country being responsible for 97% of global production. The last crocidolite mine closed in 1996 and chrysotile in 2002. Anecdotal information concerning environmental contamination as a result of the former mining activities and the improper disposal of mine waste tailings has been reported by a variety of authors. Few comprehensive or systematic surveys have been conducted to date to document this issue and very little quantifiable research has been completed on the communities located in close proximity to the former mine sites to determine the extent of contamination. In 2004-2006 communities were surveyed within the Northern Cape and North West Provinces to determine the extent and severity of environmental contamination. This research developed and applied a methodology to select those communities suspected of environmental contamination, a targeted survey methodology, and a protocol for rapid sample laboratory analysis. A total of 41 communities were initially predicted by the model to be suspected for environmental asbestos contamination. Based on the inclusion of local knowledge, a final 36 communities were selected for a screening-level field assessment, 34 of which were found to contain environmental asbestos contamination at rates ranging from 20 to 100% of the surveyed locations. A total of 1 843 samples of soil and building material were collected in the screening level assessment. One community (Ga-Mopedi) was selected as being representative of the total cohort and a more detailed house to house survey was completed. A total of 1 486 samples were collected during the detailed survey. Results of the detailed survey revealed 26.2% of the homes were contaminated with asbestos containing soil and/or building material. A theoretical quantitative cumulative exposure assessment was developed to estimate the disease burden within the study area population of 126,130 individuals within the surveyed communities resulting in a predicted range of 25-52.4 excess deaths per year from lung cancer and mesothelioma due solely to environmental exposures to asbestos pollution.
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Lubambo, Pascalina Thandiwe. "An appraisal of post-transfer production trends of selected land reform projects in the North West Province, South Africa." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/27631.
Full textAbstract:
Many land reform projects have been implemented in South Africa since 1994 in an attempt to redress imbalances in land ownership which resulted from the racially biased policies of the South African government prior to 1994. The objective of land redistribution is commercially viable land reform projects, but evidence from various reports and other documents suggests that a large number of these projects have failed. Factors such as poor beneficiary selection, the problematic land acquisition process and a lack of post-settlement support have been reported in a number of studies as contributing to the failure of these projects. This study expands on the work of Kirsten and Machethe (2005) with the main aim of revisiting land reform beneficiaries who were interviewed in 2004/5 and to assess their current performance and status, and to determine whether the prediction and classifications of the 2005 review were correct. The specific objectives of this study were to determine the socio-economic profile of land reform beneficiaries over the five years since the previous study, to show changes in their farming activities, to determine factors affecting the performance of the already transferred projects in the study area and to make recommendations that may help to improve the performance of the land reform projects in South Africa. The performance of projects in 2010 was analysed and compared with that of projects in 2005. A total of 37 of the 43 land reform projects studied in 2005 were revisited and interviews were conducted with representatives of the projects using a structured questionnaire. Government officials responsible for these projects were also interviewed and field observations of the farms were made to verify the responses of the beneficiaries. The results show that the performance and situation of a number of beneficiaries of land redistribution in North West province have not improved since the previous study. Most of the beneficiaries still depend on remittances and social grants. The results indicate decreased production in 43% of the projects visited. As many as 27% of the projects are no longer in operation. Production in some of the projects that displayed success in 2004/5 has decreased, and the number of projects that are not in operation has increased. No production has taken place in four out of ten nonoperational projects visited since the acquisition of the land. The study identified poor infrastructure and limited access to capital and to the market as challenges that the beneficiaries of land reform face in their farming businesses. Conflict among project members was also reported to contribute to the poor performance of the projects and have led to the discontinuation of some projects. Most of the beneficiaries are still not aware of government support programmes such as the Comprehensive Agricultural Support Programme (CASP), even after more than five years in farming. Recommendations have been made to address the poor performance of many land reform projects, both at the programme and project levels. The effectiveness of the existing support programmes should be monitored to ensure that beneficiaries receive assistance. Suggestions from the study include a strong partnership between government and former cooperatives, acknowledging the external and internal factors affecting the relationship between farmers and these agribusinesses. Cooperation between the beneficiaries of land reform, the government and other agricultural stakeholders is essential for the success and sustainability of South Africa’s land reform projects. The results of the study can be used for future evaluations of the performance in land reform programmes. Copyright<br>Dissertation (MInstAgrar)--University of Pretoria, 2012.<br>Agricultural Economics, Extension and Rural Development<br>unrestricted
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Bakhas, Imraan Goolam Hoosen. "Improving SME access to finance in the North-West Province of South Africa / Imraan G.H. Bakhas." Thesis, North-West University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/4761.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of this study is to provide empirical, qualitative evidence concerning the factors within the supply, demand and institutional support environments that hinder SME access to finance as well as the interventions necessary to improve access to finance for SMEs in the North West Province (NWP) of South Africa. The semi-structured interview technique was used to collect data from a sample of 25 organisations. A response rate of 56% comprising two financial institutions and 12 SME support and development organisations currently operating in or providing financial and/or non-financial services to SMEs in the NWP, participated in the study. Descriptive statistics in the form of frequency counts and percentages and a qualitative data analysis software package (Weft QDA) were used to analyse the data and interpret the results. The findings of this study are consistent with and support the findings of previous studies investigating SME access to finance. The findings indicate that the SME sector is characterized by a dearth of entrepreneurs, highly risk averse financial institutions and a poorly functional support and development environment. The findings of this study further indicate that formal and structured collaboration initiatives between financial institutions and SME support organisations are vital to improving SME access to finance in the NWP. The study will be of interest to policy makers, financial institutions and SME support and development organisations interested in SME financing and economic development. The results of the study contribute to the understanding of the current financing challenges facing SMEs and will assist financial institutions, SME support organisations and SMEs to better understand the role and importance of effective stakeholder collaboration in improving SME access to finance.<br>Thesis (M.B.A.)--North-West University, Vaal Triangle Campus, 2010.
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Manzana, Nonzwakazi Patience. "Optimal feeding systems for small scale dairy herds in the North-West Province of South Africa." Diss., Pretoria : [s.n.], 2007. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-04112008-154155/.
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Mnisi, Joseph Thabo. "Factors associated with pulmonary tuberculosis treatment outcomes at Potchefstroom Prison in North West Province, South Africa." Thesis, University of Limpopo (Medunsa Campus), 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10386/781.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (M Med(Family Medicine)) -- University of Limpopo, 2010.<br>BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE
Tuberculosis remains an important curable disease particularly in the developing world.
One third of the world's population is infected with T8 and new infections are occurring at a rate of about one per second(Tuberculosis Wikipedia Encyclopedia 2009).The distribution globally is not uniform with eighty percent of cases in Africa and Asia(Tuberculosis Wikipedia Encyclopedia 2009).
Treatment is challenging because it requires compliance to long courses of multiple antibiotics.
WHO highlights the global failure of health service providers to deal with the burden of tuberculosis (Fourie et aI1999).
The researcher observed that socio-economic factors, political and intrapersonal aspects associated with T8 infection might as well be important to the treatment outcome.
It was therefore important to explore factors that could be associated with treatment outcomes in the prison environment where the full impact of these factors could be found. This study was conducted at Potchefstroom prison in North Westprovince of South Africa.
METHODS
A quantitative cross-sectional study was done. A record review of all T8 patients in Potchefstroom prison who initiated their treatment in 2007 and ending their treatment up to 2010 was conducted.
Data was recorded on data collection sheet and results were then analyzed.
Descriptive analysis was done to provide frequencies, mean and standard deviation.
Measures of association between characteristics and treatment outcome using odds ratio was done.
RESULTS
202 T8 patients in this prison had T8 during the period covered by the study. The age group distribution of the patients shows that majority, 142(70.3%) belong to the age group 21- 37 years while those aged 38 - 53 years was 48(23.8%) and their mean age was 33.7yrs. There were 197(97.5%) male and 4(2.0%) female and 1 (0.5%) no records.
Of these, therewere 92(45.5%) patients cured 4 (2%) death, 1 (0.5%) treatment failure and 102 recorded as other outcomes belonging to the transferred and treatment interruption cluster.
Factors compared with these outcomes were, age, gender, initial body weight, level of education, treatment initiation time, regimen type, social support, co morbidities, smoking, application of DOT ant the type of T8. Factors that were significantly associated with favorable outcomes were occasional visits providing some social support (39.4%, OR 3.78, 95% CI1.25-11.54), DOT application (37.4%, OR 3.99, 95% CI 2.35-11.23), young age (32.6% OR 3.14, 95% CI 2.1-5.3) and Regimen 1 (34.0%, OR 1.5, 95% CI0.11-12.61)
Social habits like smoking were significantly higher in patients with other treatment outcome(OR=1.56, 95% CI=1.92 to 2.05), other factors found to be aligned to negative outcomes but lacking statistical significance were extra-pulmonary tuberculosis, non application of DOT, regimens other than regimen 1, and lack of social visits. Factors like co-morbidity and gender were found not to be significantly associated with any treatment outcome because there was no point of difference in the association of different grouping in these categories with particular outcome.
CONCLUSION
Many factors could be associated with treatment outcomes to some varying degree, but only significant factors explored in this study were considered important.
Factors that were ultimately identified as important in determining treatment outcome were age, smoking status, social support, DOT and regimen type. These were factors that were found to be contributory to the pathology of TB in many other studies and which are amenable to interventions that would improve the outcomes.
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"Levels of organic and inorganic compounds in the muscle of Clarias gariepinus and Cyprinus carpio from three dams in the North-West Province, South Africa and the associated risk for human consumption." Thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10210/13841.
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Bubala, Jubilee. "Assessment of human consumption of wild and cultivated plants in Kanana, a gold mining town in North West Province." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10539/14960.
Full textAbstract:
This study evaluated potential health risks associated with the consumption of commonly consumed leafy vegetables, Amaranthus hybridus (tepe), Brassica oleracea (cabbage) and Spinacia oleracea (spinach) in the gold mining town of Kanana in North West Province, where these three plants were the most commonly consumed. Structured interviews were conducted with 40 households to determine their socioeconomic status and the consumption patterns of vegetables (cultivated and wild plants). Along with interviews, plant samples were sampled in home gardens and at various harvesting locations in the wild for chemical analysis. Finally, analysis of mercury content in the sampled three leafy vegetable species was performed to ascertain the contributions of the vegetables to the dietary mercury intake among a predominantly young and poor subpopulation of Kanana, which was found to be largely dependent on state welfare grants and on the cultivation and gathering of wild plants for survival.
The study found that all three leafy vegetable species under analysis had mercury concentrations that exceeded the maximum permitted by the World Health Organisation. The highest mean mercury concentrations were found in A. hybridus 0.287μg/g dry mass and the lowest in S. oleracea 0.128μg/g dry mass. Equally, mercury ingestion through the three leafy vegetables by adults in the surveyed subgroups of Kanana exceeded thresholds prescribed by the (2007). Based on consumption patterns, dietary mercury intake by adults exceeded the recommended limits by one order of magnitude, with yearly dose exceeding by as much as four and three orders of magnitude. Long term mercury exposure can cause damage to the central nervous system and chronic intoxication. The surveyed subpopulation is therefore exposed to health risks from mercury toxicity. To ensure food safety and to protect the residents from metal toxicity, awareness programmes are recommended to educate communities living in the vicinity of mines to avoid the areas of highest contamination, such as the artisanal mine dumps and (in this case) the Schoonspruit stream, and to control the artisanal use of mercury. Alternative vegetable gardening methods such as vegetable container gardening using unpolluted soil can also be implemented for the community. In addition, remediation of all the sites where local people cultivate vegetables and gather edible wild plants should be considered where feasible. The insights gained through the study should be used to inform local land use planning and create awareness among personnel from local regulators and development agencies. The insights can also be used to inform environmental management planning processes, risk mitigation and social impact assessment for industries in the region, in particular those involved in mining.
Keywords: consumption patterns, gold mining, human health risk, leafy vegetables, mercury.
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Mogapi, Pule Glenelg. "Factors influencing the perceptions of service delivery by local municipalities in the Central District Municipality in the North West / Pule Glenelg Mogapi." Thesis, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/11204.
Full textAbstract:
The study revolves around factors influencing the perceptions of service delivery by local
municipalities in the Central District Municipality in the North West Province. Service
delivery in general, as perceived by communities, has been a serious dilemma for most
South African local municipalities.
Factors in service delivery, as applicable in service marketing, have been examined
through a detailed SERVQUAL research method. The focus areas have been service
quality dimensions:
• Reliability : the ability to deliver the promised service dependably and accurately;
• Responsiveness : willingness to help and provide prompt customer service;
• Assurance : knowledge, courtesy and ability of service providers to inspire trust
and confidence
• Empathy : caring and individualised attention given to clients; and
• Tangibles : appearance of physical facilities, equipments, personnel and written
materials.
All five local municipalities in the Central District were involved in the study, and the
main findings indicate that the residents in all the affected municipalities do not have
confidence in the local government for service delivery. All five municipalities
performed badly on the aspect of reliability and there is negative perception on
responsiveness and willingness to provide prompt service by all the municipalities. The
municipalities are perceived not to be able to command respect and instil confidence on
their residents. The performance on empathy, where individual customised services are
expected is poor. It is only on tangibles, where physical facilities are regarded as
satisfactory.
It is recommended that all municipalities should look inwardly and improve on their
capacity on skills, financial management as well as bench-marking with international
cities and towns for effective municipal service delivery. Service marketing as a
management principle should be implemented immediately to save the current situation
of loss of clientele and customer confidence. Other areas of quality improvement to be
looked at are Total Quality Management and Work Improvement Team Strategy.<br>(MBA) North-West University, Mafikeng Campus, 2006
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Leseyane, Modie Monicca. "Raising awareness of dyslexia as a language learning disability : a case study in the North West Province." 2016. http://encore.tut.ac.za/iii/cpro/DigitalItemViewPage.external?sp=1001917.
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Bigala, Paul. "Fertility differentials between migrants and non-migrants in the North West Province / Paul Bigala." Thesis, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/11302.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of this study was to examine the fertility differentials between migrants and non-migrants in the North West province of South Africa. Evaluation of fertility behavior of
migrants at the destination area and the causes of fertility differentials of migrants and
non-migrants was also undertaken. Data used in · this study were obtained from the 1996
Census and the 1998 South African Demographic and Health Survey.
It was found that migrant behavior at the destination areas tends to be influenced by the
new environment, which motivated them to, adapt to the norms and values that would
affect their fertility.
Although South Africa has a lower fertility rate than to the rest of Sub Saharan Africa, It
appeared that fertility differentials have existed between migrants and non-migrants.
Fertility was higher among migrants than non-migrants and the difference between the
two population groups has declined between 1996 and 1998.
However fertility differentials were vividly observed with respect to Education, income
age and employment status among both migrants and non-migrants in 1996 and income
and age at first intercourse among both migrants and non-migrants in 1998.
The study concludes by recommending that further research be done particularly on the
issue of ethnicity and its impact on fertility since there is no concrete evidence to suggest
that there is any marked link between migrants and non-migrants. Also, this kind of
research should be done in other provinces to establish the state of migrant and non-migrant fertility and any variations among different socio-economic and demographic
groups of Household society.
Furthermore, Education should be universalized as a powerful tool to regulate fertility as
it has shown to affect fertility, particularly in areas where fertility is still relatively high
among both migrants and non-migrants.<br>(M.Soc.Sc.) North West University, Mafikeng Campus, 2004
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Serumaga-Zake, Gladys. "Challenges facing small, micro and medium enterprises (SMMEs) in the Mafikeng and Mmabatho area of the North West Province / Gladys Serumaga-Zake." Thesis, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/11456.
Full textAbstract:
This research study investigates some of the problems or challenges faced by SMMEs in
the Mafikeng and Mmabatho area of the North West province. It strives to find out the
extent as to which these problems occur and the impact they have on these businesses.
The research focuses on two major problems considered to be hindering the growth of
SMMEs in this area, namely the lack of entrepreneurial management and financial skills.
The lack of these skills in the running of small businesses results into poor business
management, poor quality products or services. lack of demand for produce, lack of
access to credit as well as poor marketing techniques. The absence of entrepreneurial
education or sensitizing young people in a way that could encourage them to enter
businesses and acquire a culture of entrepreneurship is one of the causes of the lack of
these skills.
A stratified random sampling method was employed, with stratifying variables being area
and size of the business. Primary data were sought for this study, and gathered through
structured questionnaires which were distributed to owners and managers of the sampled
businesses. The descriptive statistics method of analysis was employed using a computer
aided statistical analysis, the SPSS programme.
Some of the significant findings of this research study are; that majority of entrepreneurs
in the area do not have the necessary entrepreneurial, management and financial skills to
run their businesses; that the educational and training levels of the members of top
management of small businesses are relatively low; and many businesses do not have
access to credit.
The lack of entrepreneurial, management and financial skills can hamper the performance
and growth of SMMEs in the area, which can cause many businesses' failure or closure.
Education plays an important role in the overall running of a business enterprise in terms
of revenues. Many entrepreneurs are unable to finance their own businesses. yet there is
little support from financial institutions and government bodies.
SMMEs in the Mafikeng and Mmabatho area need to be assisted in every way in order to
enhance their performance, growth and sustainability. In order to achieve this.
government needs to take the initiative to form collaborations with these business
enterprises, in order to identify areas of need such as training and funding. This endeavour will impact positively to the economic growth, in tem1s of job creation to the entire province.<br>(MBA) North-West University, Mafikeng Campus, 2005
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Mokgatle-Nthabu, Mathildah Mpata. "An educational framework for the facilitation of well-being of orphans living in child-headed families in rural North West Province." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10210/5038.
Full textAbstract:
D.Ed.<br>The purpose of this inquiry was to explore perceptions and practices of family well-being in the context of child-headed families, and to propose a comprehensive framework that would be beneficial for supportive, educational interventions in the families. This inquiry was conducted among orphans living in two child-headed families. Family life of the orphans was the major focus of this study. All the resources from within a family, the activities, interactions and the way a family organizes and plans determines the well-being of individuals in the family. The specific characteristic of this inquiry is that it captures phenomena around human group way of life (families) and human conduct (lived experiences, interactions and behaviours). It is for this reason that the qualitative ethnographic design was employed and a Grounded Theory Approach of analysis was used to inductively derive a comprehensive framework for the facilitation of well-being in the child-headed families who participated in this study. Data generation was done through in-depth interviews, small group discussions, visual and imagery observation, and theoretical sampling. Interviews were conducted with orphans 12 years and older and for orphans under the age of 12 years observations were employed for ethical compliance. The grounded theory analysis included initial coding, focused coding, axial coding, identifying main categories and memo writing to develop the framework.
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Ndwambi, Khuthadzo. "Investigation of Groundwater Potential in Naledi Local Municipality, North West Province, South Africa." Diss., 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11602/843.
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Moela, Joseph Sipho. "Investigating the relationship between organisational culture and employee engagement in a Public Service Department." Diss., 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/23242.
Full textAbstract:
This dissertation focuses on investigating the relationship between organisational culture and employee engagement in a Public Service department. In this quantitative study, undertaken in a South African Public Service department (North West province), dimensions of organisational culture (measured by the South African Culture Instrument) were correlated with the dimensions of employee engagement (measured by the South African Engagement Measurement). Correlational analyses revealed a statistically significant positive relationship between each of the dimensions of organisational culture and employee engagement, respectively. ANOVA statistical technique was used to determine whether significant differences exist between groups. Regression analyses revealed that leadership, employee needs and objectives, vision and mission, management processes and internal relationships would predict employee engagement. Leadership made the most significant predictor of employee engagement. The means to achieve objectives dimension showed no effect in predicting employee engagement. This indicates that positive perceptions of organisational culture are likely to be related to higher levels of employee engagement.<br>Industrial and Organisational Psychology<br>M.Com. (Industrial and Organisational Psychology)
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Magano, Meahabo Dinah. "The relationship between a disadvantaged home environment and the self-concept of children : a guidance and counselling perspective." Thesis, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/1078.
Full textAbstract:
The escalating figures of unemployment and poverty in South Africa are posing a threat to the nuclear family. The deteriorating conditions in the home environment, particularly regarding material provision, has led to an increase in disadvantaged home environments. The investigation in this study focused mainly on the self-concepts of adolescents from disadvantaged home environments. The aim of the research was to see how the home environment influences the self-concept of an adolescent in disadvantaged areas.
The literature study showed that factors such as unemployment, poverty, low socio-economic background, single parenthood, absent parents, parents' level of literacy and parenting styles were associated with disadvantaged home environments. With regard to the self-concept the researcher probed the physical, emotional, social, academic and general self-concepts.
An empirical investigation was undertaken regarding grade 9 and 11 learners in Hebron in the North West Province. A structured questionnaire was developed focusing on home environment and self-concept.
By using Pearson's correlation, ANOVA and Tukey's t-test, findings indicated that there is a significant relationship between home environment and the self-concept. The adolescent's emotional self-concept is affected by religion, supervision at home (parent or guardian) and the number of siblings in the family. Moreover, girls had a better social self-concept than boys. On the whole the physical, academic, social and general self-concepts were not affected by religion, number of siblings in the family and different kinds of supervision. With regard to the physical self-concept it was found that it differed with age.
Therefore, the educators who facilitate Life Orientation in the General Education and Training (GET) band and Life Skills in the Further Education and Training (FET) band should assist children who come from disadvantaged home environments by applying intervention strategies suggested by the researcher in this study to foster positive self-concepts in adolescents. Positive self-concepts are key factors for successful learning, general behavioural patterns and high participation in school activities. Upgrading of educators is also recommended so that they are fully equipped to assist a learner who is from a deprived home environment.<br>Educational Studies<br>D.Ed.(Psychology of Education))
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Menyatsoe, Moilwa Christopher. "An evaluation of the implementation of Black Economic Empowerment within the construction industry in the Central region of the North West Province / Moilwa Christopher Menyatsoe." Thesis, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/11201.
Full textAbstract:
A great deal is expected of the construction industry and this study will stimulate
reflections by participants on their role and performance. Leadership and
collaboration are needed to enhance the capability and focus of all who engage in the
delivery process- a focus to grow, transform and nurture the national asset base of
the construction industry.
The study highlights areas of progress and provides insight on the significant
challenges to the construction industry growth and creation of infrastructure,
challenges that are closely linked to the need for raised levels of performance and
empowerment. Construction accounts for about I 0 per cent of the world economy and
approximately 70 per cent of construction investment is accounted for in the USA,
Western Europe and Japan. The continent of Africa accounts for about one per cent.
Per capita investment in construction in the developed world is approximately $2500
per annum compared to $46 per annum in Africa.
Embodied in the policies and legislations is a fundamental recognition that a
developing society inherited a construction sector that supports a strategically developed
industry with world-class capability and an established material
manufacturing sector. The post-1994 expansion of South African engineering and
construction services into global markets is testament to this inherent capability and
the potential of the industry, and was enabled by the country's passage to democracy.
In parallel with policy and institutional reform, a range of early practical initiatives
were introduced by government to direct the process of change. In this context,
growth needs to be coupled with sustainable employment, empowerment and
investment in human capital as a pre-requisite for improved industry performance and
competitiveness. The policy framework also addresses the role and potential impact of
government as facilitator, regulator and major client to the industry. These included
the implementation of preferential procurement to stimulate access to the market by
historically disadvantaged enterprises, and measures to address supply-side
constraints such as access to entrepreneurial training, finance, and credit.
The Black Economic Empowerment is defined as empowerment of a broad-based
process, and adopts a scorecard approach covering ownership, management,
employment equity, skills development, procurement, corporate social investment, as
well as investment and enterprise formation. By meeting any, or a combination of
these objectives, every company has the potential to promote empowerment (SA
Construction Industry Report, 2004 ).
The main objective is to create new business ventures which play a significant role in
economic growth. For this reason, it makes sense to explore correlations between
black economic empowerment activities and lagged indicators of procurement
policies and procedures.
Some of the findings are:
•Lack of consistency in the application of preferential procurement policies
• Ambiguous regulations
• Clients' planning shortcomings
• Inadequate budget
• Capacity constraints
The biggest concern is the lack of core skills among emerging contractors, that is,
financial literacy, record-keeping and marketing Although there are excellent
examples of financing initiatives in South Africa (SA), there are only a small number
of financial institutions in SA that have low default rates on small business loans.<br>(MBA) North-West University, Mafikeng Campus, 2006
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Raseala, Charles Mpopodi. "The impact of privatisation on SMME's and the communities of Mafikeng areas in the North-West / Charles Mpopodi Raseala." Thesis, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/11212.
Full textAbstract:
The restructuring of state assets was expected to contribute towards black
economic empowerment and a broader redistribution of wealth to those who were
previously excluded from participating actively in the economy of this country.
However, there have been several accusations leveled at government. Some
people believe that privatization of state assets has benefited a few. This has led to
the enactment of the Broad based black economic empowerment act. There is also
a concern from the communities and unions that privatization of state assets will
result in poor service delivery and unemployment.
The study was conducted through a quantitative methodology. The final
questionnaire was administered to 40 taxi owners, 20 government employees, 20
contractors, 20 business owners and 40 local residents. Out of the 140 people, II 0
responded, thus a 79 % response rate, all was used for data analyses. The various
variables (responses to individual questions) in the questionnaire were arranged to
obtain a rating for each dimension covered. This procedure assumes equality of
interval of the Likert scale and therefore the data is regarded as the least interval
data (rather than ordinary data).
The findings on the study showed that majority of the respondents were not in
favour of privatisation. Recommendations made were as follows, the government
through its education programmes in schools and in Adult Basic Education and
Training (ABET) canters must educate citizens about socio-economic and political
issues as well as familiarizing them with the government's macro - economic
policy, in particular the GEAR policy. The government should only make partial
privatization, and not complete/ whole privatization.<br>(MBA) North-West University, Mafikeng Campus, 2006
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Rakhudu, Mahlasela Annah. "The nursing student's experiences of PBL at North West University." Diss., 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/2847.
Full textAbstract:
A qualitative exploratory, descriptive and contextual research design was used to conduct a study. In-depth individual phenomenological interviews with students purposively selected were conducted. Data saturation was reached after interviewing eight students. The following categories emerged: the participants experienced problem-based learning (PBL) as challenging, problematic group collaboration and cohesion, PBL as a good strategy.
The challenges experienced included: unfamiliarity with the strategy, inadequate resources in the library, inaccessible computer laboratories because of limited space and operational hours, time pressures and overload. Clinical learning is not given adequate attention and some professional nurses in the clinical areas are not supportive to the university students as compared to college students. Positive conclusions about PBL include that students need the strategy as it promoted critical thinking, improved communication and presentation skills, helped teamwork and learning from others.<br>Health Studies<br>M.A. (Health studies)
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Tsobane, Kelebogile Mabel. "Impact of funding on Information Technology Division service delivery in the Department of Finance : North West Province / Kelebogile Mabel Tsobane." Thesis, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/11301.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of this research project was to investigate the impact of funding on the service
delivery of the Information Technology Division in the Department of Finance, North
West Province. A secondary related purpose of the study was to determine the existence
and utilisation of a proper strategic plan in the Division of Information Technology. A
Division or Programme without a proper strategy would not be in a position to compile a
credible budget.
Two different self-administered questionnaires were developed. The first questionnaire
was a survey of all Information Technology staff members including high-ranking
officials such as assistant directors, deputy directors and managers. The second
questionnaire was directed to provincial departmental officials across various
departments who were willing to take part in the study. Eight provincial departments
were chosen and the sample represented a total population of twelve provincial
departments in the North West Provincial government. In addition to the surveys, direct
interviews were conducted in cases where the respondents were not able to complete
questionnaires without assistance.
Although the intention of the study was to determine the impact of funding on the service
delivery of information technology Division in the Department of Finance, the overall
findings revealed that the strategic plan, which was not well defined, was found as the
major problem that impacted on the process of compiling a reasonable budget. This, in
effect, had a greater impact on service delivery than the actual funding of the Division.<br>(MBA) North-West University, Mafikeng Campus, 2004
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Moruane, Dimakatso Sinah. "The sustainability of community participation in developmental projects : North West Province." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10210/12307.
Full textAbstract:
M.A. (Social Development)<br>The North West Province is predominately comprised of rural areas. The occupants of these areas are mostly rural, underprivileged with only a few of the important basic facilities. In most areas the community still get water from the village tap, use wood for heating and candles for lighting. Unemployment is rife, despite the fact that there are mines around Rustenburg, the area in which this study is carried out, has quite a number of people who are jobless. Community Development Projects have been started in this area of the province to uplift the standard of living of these communities, but to no avail. The aim of this study ls to investigate the opinions of participants concerning these projects, with the final aim of improving maximum participation. The failure of these projects is a concern to service providers, service consumers and funders.
43
Abafe, Ejovi Akpojevwe. "Market participation of smallholder sunflower farmers in North-West province, South Africa." Diss., 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/27844.
Full textAbstract:
In South Africa and other parts of sub-Saharan Africa, market participation of smallholder farmers are rapidly being advocated as a means to achieve the United Nations Sustainable Development Agenda’s (SDGs): zero hunger and no poverty. Yet little is known about market participation in the sunflower industry. The study therefore, examine market participation of smallholder sunflower farmers in Ngaka Modiri Molema District Municipality, North West Province, South Africa. A quantitative research approach was developed to address the research objectives, and a proportional stratified random sampling technique was used to select 177 sunflower producing households. Respondents information were captured using semi-structured questionnaires, data were then entered and coded using statistical software computer programs (MS Excel, SPSS, and Stata). Socio-economic characteristics, level of market participation, and factors influencing households market participation within the district were analyzed using descriptive statistics, household commercialization index, and probit regression model. Overall, the result indicates that respondents exhibited high level of commercialization (90.1 % market participants). While, the result of the probit regression model shows that eight (8) of the regressors were statistically significant. Variables such as age (Coef = 0.103, p<0.01), gender (Coef = 1.267, p<0.05), market outlet (Coef = 1.351, p<0.01), access to information (Coef = 1.298, p<0.05), and quantity sold in tons (Coef = 0.015, p<0.010) were found to have positive and statistically significant influence, while household size (Coef = -0.409, p<0.01), market distance (Coef = 0.618, p<0.010) and land tenure system (Coef = -1.541, p<0.05) were found to have a negative but statistically significant impact on market participation among respondents. The pseudo R2 of the probit model is 0.5199, indicating that the model matches the dataset and the regressors accurately explains 51.99 % of the variation. The overall goodness of fit measures of the probit model was determined using postestimation test for predictive margin. With a high significant chi-square value of (p<0.0001), the result correctly predicted a 90 % likelihood of respondents to participate in the market. The findings suggests that rural-based initiatives and intervention programs be developed to boost households' access to finance, grants, and diversified markets for effective market competitiveness, while there is a greater need for proper awareness, supports, and partnerships focused on promoting women and youth participation in the sunflower sector across the district.<br>Agriculture and Animal Health<br>M. Sci. (Agriculture)
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Mataka, Themba. "The capacity for monitoring & evaluation systems in the North West provincial government departments." Thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10539/20981.
Full textAbstract:
A Thesis submitted to the Graduate School of Public and Development Management in fulfilment of 50 percent of the requirement for the degree of Master of Management in Public Policy
University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg
March 2015<br>The South African government has extended the constitutional mandate of the Auditor-general to cater specifically for performance information in the public sector, which has resulted in the rollout of a Government-wide Monitoring and Evaluation system designed to enhance efficiency, accountability and transparency in the public sector. This study investigated the capacity gaps and systems problems in the M&E systems that caused a majority of the North West provincial government departments to receive qualified opinion on performance information between 2010/11 and 2013/14 financial years.
A qualitative approach was used, supported by interviews and documentary analysis to extract rich data. The capacity gaps and systems problems in the M&E systems in the provincial departments manifested themselves in the form of inadequate oversight role; poor leadership; malicious compliance; lack of approved M&E policies; lack of uniformity in M&E structure and location; lack of M&E skills, inadequate budget; lack of accountability and transparency. The overall conclusion of the study is that adequate oversight role and effective leadership, and political stability are central in the implementation process of M&E systems.
Key recommendations of the study include amongst others capacitating the institutional oversight structures and leadership; approved M&E policies; streamline M&E systems; all programme managers should account for the M&E function; M&E systems should be fully resourced; and capacitate the M&E fora.
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Mogomotsi, Goabaone Panky. "Evaluation of the implementation of the North West Protocol on the management of severe malnutrition at Mafikeng Provincial Hospital and Thusong Hospital in the North West Province of South Africa." Thesis, 2008. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_2830_1262654864.
Full text
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"A sociological evaluation of access and participation of the SMME sector in the North West Province tourism industry / Leratang Mack Victor Magodielo." Thesis, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/11282.
Full textAbstract:
Small, Micro and Medium Enterprises (SMMEs) are often perceived as the backbone
of an economy. There is widespread consensus on their significant contribution to
economic growth, employment creation, poverty alleviation and local and regional
development.
In South Africa, a lack of access to funding, especially to the Previously
Disadvantaged Individuals (PDIs), often hinders small businesses from developing
their full potential. Funding limitation of SMMEs is mainly due to the high risk
attributed to small businesses and their lack of collateral. The fact that SMMEs
often receive inadequate financial support or the total lack of it puts them at a
competitive disadvantage and tend to harm their long-term growth and
development, a waste of entrepreneurial resources and edge, a reduction of
productivity and a lower economic growth rate. Restricted access to funding is one
of the main problems faced by tourism-related SMMEs in the North West Province,
and can ultimately have an adverse effect on economic growth and overall welfare of
the people.
This research study presents a sociological evaluation of SMME access and
participation in the North West Province, South Africa, tourism industry. The study
appeals to an outcome-based evaluation approach of measuring and assessing the
degrees and levels to which tourism SMMEs, since the all-inclusive 1994
democratic elections in South Africa, have benefitted . or otherwise from the
provincial tourism industry.
The study reveals that, ten years after the fall of apartheid, black entrepreneurs'
access and participation in the provincial tourism industry, is still limited due to
stringent qualification criteria that serve as barriers to accessing financial and
developmental support needed to enhance and fast-track meaningful participation
in the tourism industry, particularly in the North West Province.
The virtual failure to help small business entrepreneurs creates a great controversy
about their very existence and effectiveness of such financial institutions with the
task of helping up-and-coming black entrepreneurs. This thesis stresses the need
for comprehensive evaluation of such institutions so that their existence would have
a meaning, more importantly to the PDIS within the tourism industry. The
criticisms levelled against these financial support institutions are extensively
explored in this study.
In conclusion, the study recommends that, in order to make use of the full potential
of small business entrepreneurs in the provincial tourism industry, thereby
participating meaningfully in the industry, there is the need to provide them with
an enabling environment, which encompasses the access to capital and relaxation
of the set qualification criteria for financial support.<br>(M.Soc.Sc.) North-West University, Mafikeng Campus, 2005
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Mokwatlo, Elizabeth Maboakae. "The evaluation of the implementation of HIV-AIDS policies at school level with particular focus on discrimination and stigma amongst educators." Diss., 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/2085.
Full textAbstract:
Against the background of evidence that HIV-AIDS has had and continues to have
an enormous impact on all South African schools, a need has arisen for HIV -AIDS
policies and programmes to be effectively implemented in all schools. In this study, a
qualitative methodology was used to evaluate policy implementation in the North
West province. Data was gathered by means of field notes, observation and
interviews with management and educators. The study found that although principals
and educators are knowledgeable about HIV -AIDS, there is a tendency to
discriminate against infected educators, particularly in terms of educator workload.
This study also revealed that educators fear being accidentally exposed to HIV -AIDS
infected blood, despite the guidelines given in the National HIV -AIDS policy and the
availability of emergency first aid kits. The key thought emerging from this study is
that not all schools are able to deal effectively with HIV -AIDS and that schools
urgently need to plan or implement their own policies in this regard. School-based
HIV-AIDS policies can only be successful if they take cognisance of local contextual
issues and involve the three spheres of influence in the lives of educators and
learners, namely, the sphere of the school, the sphere of family life and the sphere of
the community.<br>Sociology<br>M.A.(Social and Behavioural Studies in HIV-AIDS)
48
Khale, Solomon Thabo. "Local government service delivery comparison : a study in Gauteng and North West Provinces." 2012. http://encore.tut.ac.za/iii/cpro/DigitalItemViewPage.external?sp=1000599.
Full textAbstract:
M.Tech. Business Administration. Business School.<br>The study attempts to identify and quantify factors that affect service delivery by local government counselors in Gauteng and North-West provinces. The study showed that overall satisfaction with the quality of services provided at the two sites of study (Tshwane District and Madibeng municipalities) was influenced by similar factors based on results obtained from data analysis. This shows that there was no significant difference between residents of Tshwane District and Madigeng municipalities with regards to expectations from service providers and elected officials who are responsible for the delivery of municipal services.
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Botchway, Samuel Asare. "Towards people's participation and rural development : the case of Kudumane District." Diss., 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/15602.
Full textAbstract:
Traditional development theories concentrated on stimulating economic growth without
considering the extent to which growth would affect rural people's quality of life.
Modernisation has failed to improve life in rural Third World areas.
Current development thinking emphasises the human aspect of development and IS more
inclined towards participatory rural development.
Referring specifically to the Batlharos Water project, the study investigates and identifies the
causes ofthe limited initiatives in participatory development within the Kudumane district in
the North-West Province of South Africa. Trends in the evolution of development thought to
people's participation, including factors, processes and approaches that may facilitate
participatory development in the Kudumane area are discussed. Factors that have affected
and limited earlier participatory initiatives in this area are isolated.
The study concludes that unless rural communities constantly become the planners, initiators
and executors of local development, no real transformation of their lives can be
accomplished.<br>Development Studies<br>M.A. (Development Administration)
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Legalamitloa, Enoch Tuelo. "Performance management in the North West Communication Service / Enoch Tuelo Legalamitloa." Thesis, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/11374.
Full textAbstract:
The researcher is motivated by the numerous concerns raised by public officials in
South Africa for an answer to performance management in the public service. There
are numerous misconceptions in regard to performance management in public
institutions.
The objective of writing on this topic is to enlighten both the employer and employee
of their obligations, rights and legal framework in the management of performance.
The focus of the study is on the impact of performance management systems, the
existence of training and development of staff as well as the availability of the
physical resources on performance management. Poor management of performance
translates into lost productivity, increased absenteeism, lower morale of employees
and it further hampers service delivery.
The study comprises of five chapters, containing the orientation of the study;
literature review; research design and methodology; data analysis and results and
summary, findings and recommendation, respectively.
The instrument employed to gather data was applied in five divisions, and data was
gathered from a sample of 39 out of a target population of 66 employees.<br>M. Admin. (HRM) North-West University, Mafikeng Campus, 2005