Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Architecture vernaculaire'
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Hallauer, Edith. "Du vernaculaire à la déprise d'oeuvre : Urbanisme, architecture, design." Thesis, Paris Est, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PESC1233/document.
Full textThis research starts from observations of the emergence of "vernacular claims" in the alternative urban fields (Paquot, 2012; Béal & Rousseau, 2014) : urbanism, landscape, architecture and design. Recent neologisms seem to be characterized by tautologies and paradoxes : "convivial urban design" (Grünig, 2013), "contemporary vernacular" or "new vernacular" (Frey, 2010). A first terminological study of the vernacular will reveal a fundamentally dialectical and relative etymology : this scholarly word refers to a popular aspect of things - common names, ordinary practices, non-doctoral knowledges. But the geohistory of the vernacular reveals mostly a latent subversiveness, confirming its place in an alternative field. From the concepts of "ghost work" and "vernacular gender" (Illich, 1983), we will establish that the term appeared when the things disappeared. A dispossession (of knowledge, of techniques, of common goods, of crafts) can be found in the depths of industrial revolutions (Giedion, 1980), and from subsistence practices mutations, relegated to leisure fields (Corbin, 2009). The term is thus intimately linked to a reclaim feature, which is not far from a type of critical practices in design: to be close, very close (Papanek, 1974). By analyzing different types of recent recoveries, sketching in the edges of an existential vernacular landscape (Jackson, 1984), we finally suggest the idea of an déprise d’oeuvre, deploying some sustainable urban paradigms. In a context of urban shrinkage, this déprise d’oeuvre responds to traditionnal maîtrise d’oeuvre, in a quest to revover the knowledge revealed by the vernacular : to do, to let do, to make do. Nourished by improvisations, processes and experiences (Zask, 2011), this approach finally confirms the role that the vernacular plays as a mobilizing vector in the reinvention of urban practices
Cloutier, Richard. "Vernaculaire." Thesis, Université Laval, 2006. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2006/24065/24065.pdf.
Full textSigalos, Eleftherios. "Housing in medieval and post-medieval Greece /." Leiden : University of Leiden, 2004. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb39248084k.
Full textRosset, Claire. "Imaginaire du passé et pensée du monde moderne : processus de médiatisation chez Albert Laprade, architecte." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018GREAH017/document.
Full textIn the early XXth century, the architectural debate in France seems underpinned by the opposition between the proponents of a tradition, as historical or regional transmission, and those of modernity, as a claim of tabula rasa. But if modernity “comes as a cut between past and future […]”, it also ensures the junction that allows the past to enrich itself and the future to remember” (Gasselin, 2007). Thus, tradition can be observed through its relations with tradition, as the interest in traditional or vernacular cultures amplifies simultaneously with the emergence of architectural modernity. The PHD examines the manufacturing processes that allow the architect to build an idea of architectural modernity that claims of tradition.Reconstruction issues after the World Wars radicalized the debate, giving the press and international exhibitions a strategic role of dissemination of ideas, the architects being the main players. Considering architecture in all its production aspects (built, represented, written and published), we hypothesize that it can be analysed as a medium (that is to say, a carrier of a message) and as a media (that is to say, a communication vector). Furthermore, we assume that in the process of publishing, the architect simultaneously produces an imaginary past and a thinking of the modern world.We identify three movements in the manufacturing process of the thought of modernity. First, we will look at the transition from built architecture to represented architecture by querying the architects ability to build historical and / or geographic affiliations, especially from the observation of the existing. Secondly, we analyse the relationship between built architecture and published architecture, considering, as Beatriz Colomina, that the print media enables a “new context of production, existing in parallel to the construction site” (Colomina, 1988). Finally, studying the transition of published architecture to narrated architecture, we will question the role of publication spaces in the architecture storytelling process.To conduct this study, we rely on the production of the architect Albert Laprade (1883-1978). Player on the modern architectural scene, he participated in the recognition of traditional architecture. The diversity of its production allows us to establish a corpus, built, designed and written, that develops from the published form of his work:articles about his builts (published by other architects)articles written by Albert Laprade (trade press or not)books published by the architect as his Albums de croquis
Nguyen, Tuan Anh. "Caractérisation des particularités dominantes de la morphologie urbaine à travers l'environnement sonore : étude dans le vieux quartier de Hanoï et dans le quartier Saint-Michel à Bordeaux." Bordeaux 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007BOR13401.
Full textCaimi, Annalisa. "Cultures constructives vernaculaires et résilience : entre savoir, pratique et technique : appréhender le vernaculaire en tant que génie du lieu et génie parasinistre." Thesis, Grenoble, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014GRENH011/document.
Full textIn areas prone to natural hazards, many of the buildings that make up the built environment are constructed almost exclusively through the experience and the direct observation of local builders, without the support of any architect or engineer. In these regions, communities have developed over time a variety of strategies to cope with natural phenomena through patterns of social behaviours and building approaches intended to prevent and/or to reduce their exposure to local risks. Similarly, local builders have often integrated natural hazards into their daily practices, developing singular techniques, building details or devices aiming to reduce the vulnerability of the built environment. The concept of building culture embraces the social and technical aspects related to the construction process and to the development of corresponding knowledge and know-how, intrinsically reflecting the multiplicity of human societies and their indissoluble connection with the territories they inhabit. The vernacular as characterization of ways of building, living and protecting oneself proves to be a valuable source of practices, techniques and measures, tested over the years and during multiple hazards, for contemporary construction of sustainable, accessible and safe built-environments. This research explores the potential of vernacular building cultures in enhancing local resilience; and this starting from - constructive and behavioural – practices developed by individual people and groups living in contexts geographically exposed to natural hazards. Based on a strong interaction between theory and action, this research undertakes a (re)discovery of vernacular knowledge through two thematic focuses. One examines disaster resilient vernacular provisions and devices which have demonstrated their effectiveness to reduce vulnerability of the built environment to various types of natural hazards. The other one considers ways for their identification and direct contribution to strengthening capacities of communities and institutions for disaster risk management. This research combines a technical analysis with the development of a methodological tool, contributing to set up a project approach strongly rooted into contextual specificities, linking culture and practice, past experience and future needs, disaster response and preparedness
Berenstein-Jacques, Paola. "Un dispositif architectural vernaculaire : les favelas à Rio de Janeiro." Paris 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA010644.
Full textThe favelas (shanty-towns) have existed in Rio de Janeiro (Brazil) for more than a century and they are now part of the urban landscape. In 1994, the Rio prefecture created a systematic urbanization programme (favela-bairro) for all the favelas in the city (more than 300), but the majority of the architects and planners responsible for the projects do not know the internal functioning of the favelas. This study is a examination of the particular architectural and urban processes of the favelas, basically using an aesthetics approach. The vernacular process is not only different from the traditional academic architecture and planning ones but also creates a peculiar aesthetics which arises from the favelas; this has already influenced many artists and has become part of the Rio's cultural heritage. The analysis of this process is principally made through the medium of the history of the artistic representation of the favelas, and more particularly through the work of the Brazilian artist Hélio Oiticica (1937 -1980), and his experience of life in the mangueira favela
Mullane, Fidelma. "La cabane revisitée : réhabilitation de l'architecture vernaculaire irlandaise (XVIIe-XIXe siècles)." Thesis, Paris 4, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA040200.
Full textTaking the Irish cabin as object, this thesis deconstructs the outsider accounts and their contribution to a negative interpretation of such, particularly within the context of postcolonial scholarly literature. Such outsider accounts have an added significance in scholarship in so far as they retained a strict uniformity even while other formal studies changed perspective. This reveals certain ideological assumptions which are examined. The collision between the imposition of a dominating knowledge and practices drawn from indigenous wisdom is examined through the prism of descriptions and interpretations of materials and labour in specific ecological and economic contexts. A case study in the Claddagh village in the West of Ireland examines these contradictions in detail. The survival of such outsider accounts has had its consequence in contemporary constructions as to the meaning and function of the vernacular house. The recovery of the Irish cabin as an object of study within vernacular architecture must be achieved within a context of examining clearance, changes in housing and the major restructuring of economy and society occasioned by the Great Famine. The recovery of a proper account of their function as perceived by those who lived in such habitations in the rural economy is central to this thesis
Bourgeois, Marc. "Charte de protection de l'habitat traditionnel créole guyanais." [Cayenne] : Service départemental de l'architecture et du patrimoine de Guyane, 2006. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb40993569z.
Full textDaher, Rania. "L’architecture en terre crue dans la vallée du Jourdain ; une filière en reconstruction…temporaire." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015SACLV003/document.
Full textThis research aims to demonstrate that the re-use of local building materials in the Jordan Valley can contribute to the autonomy of rural Palestinian communities. To achieve this, we question the evolution of the earthen building sector in these territories. We assume that there is a close link between the transformations of the rural society, its economic and political structure and the transformations that appeared in the earthen building sector. Three historical periods have been identified and have verified this hypothesis: the case of Palestine before 1920, the period between 1920 and 1970 and finally the current situation. Through these evolutions, we understood that the re-use of local materials allows real autonomy when the earthen building sector is integrated to the ongoing social and economic practices. This idea was verified by studying the current context where this building sector knows a temporary reconstruction. This research is divided into three parts. The first part details the relation that exists between earthen architecture and the concept of sustainable development; we will be explaining the case of Palestine before 1920. The second part specifies the changing values of rural society that have taken place between 1920 and 1970 and the transformations of the habitat linked to it. Finally, the last section attempts to assess the reconstruction of this building sector by detailing the current political and economic context and confronting it with the projects led by the “new actors” on the ground
Bolard, Laurent. "Recherches sur la représentation de l'architecture vernaculaire dans le paysage français du XVIIe siècle." Paris 4, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA040018.
Full textFrench landscape of the seventeenth century is narrowly connected to the representation of architectures. Among them, vernacular architecture occupies a first rank place, which is revealed by the diversity of types, the precision of technical characters, the variety of models, the relationships with subjects and nature of landscapes, and the cultural references. The domination of Italian model sanctions the ambiguity of theses architectures, between myth and reality
Odiaua, Ishanlosen. "Les enjeux et les voies de la conservation et de la "patrimonalisation" des architectures anciennes du Mali et du Nigeria, Djenné, Kano, Sukur et Ushafa." Paris 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA010668.
Full textGaulis, Inès. "L'architecture traditionnelle de Grèce du Nord : discours, perception et préservation." Paris 8, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA081653.
Full textLaureau, Vincent. "La ville et la terre, apprendre de Bamako : le cas de Bozobuguni, un quartier autoconstruit." Thesis, Paris 10, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA100018/document.
Full textEarth construction is becoming a popular topic in Western architecture, yet in the context of traditional Malian construction techniques earth has largely been abandoned. This paradox asks us to turn our attention to the reality on the ground in West Africa, in order to understand the implications of using earth as a building material, especially on an urban scale. Today the earthen city is essentially synonymous with cultural heritage, but there is one place where it is alive and well— informal urbanization. This sector is stimulated by the necessities of survival, which generate remarkable spatial dynamics. From this general observation, this study was narrowed to a small informal fishing district in the city of Bamako. The ultimate purpose of this research is to highlight an urban logic buried and hidden in informal space. This work consists in writing a theory of informal urbanization that is contextually and culturally specific, according to a "bottom-up" principle. The narrator takes advantage of the peculiar perspective of the traveler in order to shed light on more universal questions. Indeed, the position of the stranger allows us to see the reality of informal spaces in a new light. The act of writing makes explicit certain processes that animate the site; it develops a "point of view" that fundamentally changes urban representations. Lessons learned as well as derived from the field pave the way for certain vernacular principles to be reused on site. At the same time, such a vernacular theory allows us to transfer these principles to other sites by means of deterritorialization
Khoshbinroudi, Farangis. "La ville traditionnelle iranienne : conception compacte et bioclimatique en zone aride." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLD005.
Full textMost of the energy consumption of buildings in Iran comes from oil, gas and electricity sources, while fossil fuel resources are running out in Iran. In addition to that, the country's average energy consumption is higher than other countries and even some oil-rich countries, while government subsidies and cheap oil and gas resources has exacerbated this critical situation. Buildings and houses with an average consumption share of 42.41 percent has a high share of energy consumption of the country and renewable energies are used only marginally. In contrast to this situation, Iranian cities, for thousands of years, have had a low consumption pattern of energy with the use of architectural and urban construction techniques and have come to a permanent and sustainable coexistence with their surroundings. This research seeks to understand the principles and techniques of constructing the traditional urban architecture of Yazd in the centre of Iran to provide in-depth insights toward energy optimization in urban areas. Moreover, the global methods of sustainable urban development are studied and compared to extract a set of guidelines for improving urban conditions in the traditional areas of Yazd. This research is fundamental in terms of orientation, and the purpose is exploration and being applicable. The compilation of the required data is done in two ways firstly) documentary method with the use of historical texts, authoritative writings of historians, and review of urban development plans such as comprehensive and detailed plans, and secondly field observations and meetings with practitioners and faculties have been conducted. Based on the gathered information, analysis of the current situation in the studied area has been carried out using qualitative descriptive method. Finally, with the consideration to the centralized urban management system of Iran, we proposed a method for transferring these results to the administrative sectors?
Navaei, Parvaneh. "Patrimoine et modernité : le témoignage de la ville d'Isopahan." Paris 10, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA100167.
Full textThe old city (historic center) lsfahan is located north-east of the city today. It consists of several former centers, including Dardacht, and Chahchhan Yahoudia center are among the most important and which are located in the présafavide sector historical city of lsfahan. There are many historical heritage monument of the era Saljoudkide the tenth century, the Safavid era and the seventeenth century. The famous Mosque on Friday, the Grand Bazaar in the city with its traditional shops, its religious and cultural institution, its caravanserai, and the Place Royale and the Chahar-Bagh Avenue is the heart of historic and symbolic city of lsfahan. The lack of dynamism needed to respond to social needs and Economic inhabitants of the old town, forced the departure of the elite and wealthy families and their replacement by poor families or immigrant families coming from the companion. From this point of view, currently, the houses in these neighborhoods are located in a very degraded. Most of the ancient dwellings of the old city are neglected by their owners one hand, a lack of management in conservation heritage protection and urban centers to better adapt the old space development, social and economic development of the city, the fact that the name of protecting urban heritage, we implement protective legislation that creates only ban gold the protection area has now become an area with no major economic and political. The specific aspect of urban lsfahan is threatened by modernity. Lndeed, the traditional ways of life are thwarted by the appearance of criteria modern architecture
Brusson, Jean-Paul. "Contribution de l'architecture à la définition du concept de montagnité." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993GRE19032.
Full textConsidering the importance of architecture in the emergence of the concept of urbanity, one is bound to wonder about how relevant a similar concept applied to mountain areas is. Such a concept (montainity) making it easier to understand and transform the reality of mountain life, by adding a concern for quality in its management. Does architecture contribute to giving character to mountain areas? what part does it play in relationships between man and mountain ? can it improve their relationships ? is mountainity a better environment in which privileged relationships between man an mountain operate ? such problematics are confirmed by three places, sited in the north of the alps, in haute-savoie where three sets of actors and of intentions, three histories can be studied, thus covering a meaningful period of the evolution of the mountain, from pre-touristic times, until the fitted-in winter resort. By carfully looking into the proceedings of architecture in-keeping with the site, and by abalysing the objects built, from an architecturological an semiotic point of view, one shows that mountainity is the specific character of a site, where relevant social practices connected with the site, grateful to history and ecolocically responsible, are manifested. The intentions presiding over the setting -up of privileged relationships between man and mountain are federated by mountainity both a state and a qualitative pro
Iglesias, Ponce de León María Josefa. "L'ardoise en Espagne : histoire et économie : un témoin de changements socio-culturels." Rennes 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996REN20001.
Full textThe author uses his knowledge of geology to throw light on linguistic, architectural and economics aspects of the state industry in Spain. This approach also includes an archaeological and historical study of the uses of state. The relationship between geology and toponymy are analysed. Is only from the 1st. Century a. D. Onwards that the use for roofing begant to extend, under roman influence, across the state-bearing areas of Spain. Vestiges of the first building in the liberian peninsula to be covered by slate are identified in Galicia. A model is proposed to splain the utilisation of slate in popular architecture which takes account of the climatological, orographic and geological constraints. The use of slate in monumental architecture is also analysed in areas outside the slate-producing regions, and king Philip II is shown to have played a role in the introduction of this construction material to Spain. The economics constrains which controlled the use of slate in royal buildings appear to have been scarcity of the resource, the difficulties of transport and the shortage of skilled slaters. -An analysis is presented of the geological resources, the economic production base and the market. The history of slate production is subdivised into two periods based on the mode of working. The limit between the pre-industrial and the industrial periods is placed at 1968, being the date of construction of the first industrial plant in Galicia. The pre-industrial period is itself subdivided into the pre-artisanal ad artisanal phases, the limit being situated in 1559 with the arrival of the first craftsmen working for Philip II. The explosive growth of slate production, being a consequence of an spanding external market, now places Spain in the forefront of producer countries. As a result, this has led to a decline of the traditional slate industries in european countries. In conclusion, the uses of slate over two thousand years bear witness to the social and cultural history of Spain
Almutery, Sultan. "L’architecture vernaculaire de la ville de Djeddah face à la mondialisation : le cas du quartier d’Al Sharafeyah." Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSE3042.
Full textThis research presents a holistic view of the current city of Jeddah, in its parts built after the Industrial Revolution – Gulf countries in general and Saudi Arabia in particular – to understand the gap between the dominant urban form and the needs of the inhabitants. To answer this question, we examine the political, demographic and technological developments that have produced this spatial form in order to detect the sources of this gap and to examine the nature of the rejection expressed by the inhabitants and local thinkers of the city. One of the important results of this analysis is the identification of the gap between the residence and the neighbourhood. In the planned neighbourhoods, there is a refusal manifested by dysfunctions and a maladjustment to the customary practices of the inhabitants. In the case of unplanned neighbourhoods, while their existence has also contributed to solving the housing problem for the most vulnerable part of the population, there is a significant deterioration of housing. But in these two different urban fabrics, there are advantages and disadvantages that are analysed in this research work
يقدم هذا البحث نظرة شمولية لمدينة جدة الحالية ، في أجزائها التي بنيت بعد الثورة الصناعية - دول الخليج بشكل عام والمملكة العربية السعودية بشكل خاص - لفهم الفجوة بين الشكل الحضري السائد واحتياجات السكان. للإجابة على هذا السؤال ، نحن ندرس التطورات السياسية والديموغرافية والتكنولوجية التي أنتجت هذا الشكل المكاني من أجل اكتشاف مصادر هذه الفجوة ودراسة طبيعة الرفض الذي عبر عنه سكان المدينة والمفكرون المحليون. واحدة من النتائج المهمة لهذا التحليل هو تحديد الفجوة بين الإقامة والحي. في الأحياء المخططة ، هناك رفض يتجلى في خلل الوظائف وخلل في الممارسات المعتادة للسكان. في حالة الأحياء غير المخطط لها ، في حين أن وجودها قد ساهم أيضًا في حل مشكلة الإسكان لأضعف السكان ، هناك تدهور كبير في الإسكان. ولكن في هذين النسيجين الحضريين المختلفين ، هناك مزايا وعيوب يتم تحليلها في هذا العمل البحثي
Akhavan, Bahram. "L'habitat rural et son architecture traditionnelle et moderne dans quelques regions iraniennes." Caen, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987CAEN1021.
Full textThis study is a detailed and global analysis of architectural trends and patterns in rural areas of iran. These trends and patterns vary essentially according to the physical environment, but also affected by socio-cultural, demographic and economic structures. After a general geographical overview of iran and of the main features of its rural settlements, three regions chosen on a climatic basis are successively analysed : - guilan, representative of the humid temperate zone; - yazd, representative of hot, arid or desert regions; - eastern azerbaidjan, representative of cold and mountainous regions. The study brings out the difficulties encountered during the field research phase of this work and then establishes a schematic comparison of rural architectural characteristics in the three selected regions. Finally, on the basis of the issues raised and remarks brought out in the work, concrete proposals for the development of rural settlements in iran are put forward
Gloaguen, Yola. "Les villas réalisées par Antonin Raymond dans le Japon des années 1920 et 1930 : une synthèse entre modernisme occidental et habitat vernaculaire japonais." Thesis, Paris, EPHE, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016EPHE4008.
Full textIn the form of a case study, this thesis is set at the crossroads of history of modern architecture, history of modern Japan and architecturologie (the study of the creative process applied to the field architecture). The purpose of this research is to define the design process through which Czech born American architect Antonin Raymond (1888-1976) carried out a synthesis between some of the most iconic forms of 1920s and 1930s Western modernism, and Japanese vernacular residential architecture inherited from a long tradition of space conception and construction. The thesis is structured in three parts. Starting with a biographical account of the architect’s first 32 years, the first part deals with the educational and professional journey that led Raymond from his native Bohemia to Japan, via the United States. The second part explores the circumstances of his establishment as an independent architect in Japan, and examines the human and technical means he implemented in order to set up his professional practice in the Japanese context of the 1920s. The third part gives a detailed analysis of a selection of seventeen houses designed and built between 1921 and 1938 for members of the Japanese and international elite community in Tokyo and its surrounding resort destinations. The detailed architectural analysis of these works illustrates the various stages and dimensions of Raymond’s design process, and provides insight into his own proposal for an architecture encompassing both universal and local dimensions. Through the subject of architecture, this study deals with a number of problematics and challenges brought by the process of modernisation in Japan during the first half of the 20th century
Etelbert, Anthony. "Analyse anthropologique de l'habitat aux Antilles : le cas de la Guadeloupe." Paris 5, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA05H024.
Full textThe understanding of the way, the cultural heritage of one people was built up, helps us to grast better their reality and their aspirations. Only the architecture could illustrate this hypothesis, as its represents the physical chronology of peoples in the same space. For some years the way of living in the Caribbean as became one of the symbol of the klaim for of the building up of the phenomenal will be in the west-indies, in the occurence the Guadeloupe. This analysis of the particular island will be allow to find out the originalities of its sociologicals mutations against the whole of the Caribbean world
Mauger, Thierry. "Synthèse descriptive et interprétative de l'architecture et de l'art mural vernaculaire du ʿAsir (province méridionale de l'Arabie saoudite)." Paris, EHESS, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999EHESA030.
Full textLopes, Ferreira Thiago. "Architectures vernaculaires et processus de production contemporains : formation, expérimentation et construction dans une communauté rurale au Brésil." Thesis, Grenoble, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014GRENH037/document.
Full textThis thesis takes as its analytical perspective the contemporary manifestations of vernacular architecture production and building cultures within the complex correlation of forces and interests that shape and determine the phenomena of capitalist production of popular housing.The analytic framework is delineated from a series of reflections of theoretical and conceptual order, in relation to the analysis of a popular housing building site within an agrarian reform rural settlement in Brazil. This assumes the form of a field school in loco on the building site and is projected as a stage for experiments and experiences, where the proposal is to combine pedagogy and production in the same space. The processes of knowledge formation and construction occur simultaneously and complementarily to practical achievements and development of technologies.This building site is thus transformed into a tool for the constitution of a dialectical space of social work, where the orientation of its productive experimenting is focused on the challenge of designing a house from the local generation of social technologies, through the use of natural materials and reuse of discarded resources. A theoretical work, presented in the initial of the thesis, provides the framework for this fieldwork, which feeds back our reflection on processes of production and development of new vernacular architectures, integrated into their territories
Esta tese possui como perspectiva de análise as manifestações contemporâneas de produção das arquiteturas vernáculas e culturas construtivas, dentro da complexa correlação de forças e interesses que formatam e determinam os fenômenos de produção capitalista das habitações populares. Seu contorno analítico está delineado a partir de uma série de reflexões de ordem teórico-conceituais relacionadas com as análises de um canteiro habitacional dentro de um assentamento rural de reforma agrária. Este, assume a forma de um canteiro-escola e se projeta como palco de experimentações e vivências, onde se propõe como prática o exercício de conjugar pedagogia e produção no mesmo espaço. Os processos de formação e construção dos conhecimentos ocorrem de maneira complementar e simultânea às realizações práticas e ao desenvolvimento das tecnologias. Tal canteiro se transforma, assim, em ferramenta para constituição de um espaço dialético de trabalho social, onde o experimentar produtivo está focado no desafio de conceber uma habitação a partir da geração local de tecnologias sociais, por meio do uso de materiais naturais e da reutilização de recursos descartados. O trabalho teórico, apresentado nas primeiras partes da tese, define o quadro de sua práxis, que por sua vez, realimenta a reflexão sobre os processos de produção e desenvolvimento de novas formas de arquiteturas vernáculas, integradas aos seus territórios
Remacle, Claudine. "La maison rurale en vallée d'Aoste (Bionaz, Oyace, Torgnon) : étude de géographie historique et sociale." Grenoble 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991GRE19016.
Full textIn the aosta valley rural houses are adapted to the development of families since the lower middle ages. The organisation of villages is directly related to the farming layout of the soils distributed according to height. The present state of inertia of ancient houses is due to mass emigration and to its land consequences, which are connected to the egalitariam succession system; this has caused an indivisibility of real estates. The hierarchy of the local society explains the process of old and new settlements through cadastral records: for example on one side the land retention practiced by the biggest elderly landowners freezing real estates, and the other hand the action of promoters, taking advantage of the touristic residential pressure, who are purchasing the least profitable land and abandoned houses. The landscape is rapidly changing according to the development sectors chosen by the local societies. Second homes are surrounding the villages of torgnon. Model cowsheds are supplanting the former habitat of the higher valpelline region. Everywhere the estate situation of the past is a clue to the present evolution of rural space
Yusta, Garcia Ferran. "La méthode des saisons climatiques : stratégie passive de conception architecturale de bâtiments basse consommation énergétique en climat très chaud." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018BORD0146/document.
Full textThe last 25 years have been ground-breaking in architectural design on low energy consumption in cold climate, mainly in north-western cultures. For an architect today, the method to design a passive house in cold weather and the choice of the Architectural Actions (AA), are clearly established. When the question comes to how to build a passive house in warmer, hot, and very hot climates, the strategies arepoor and often results of a combination of western strategies with a local relook. From several visits in MiddleEast countries, Saudi Arabia, UAE, Oman, Palestine, Qatar, we concluded that the strategy for low consumption houses is not established yet and poorly grasped. The lack of training on low energy consumption in hot climate and the low price of energy, force designers and owners to rely on over usage of air-conditioning systems as measures to catch up on poor bioclimatic design. This method proposes a new approach on bioclimatic designfor hot climates from an architect point of view. It is based on a Cooling Degrees Days (CDD) and Heating Degrees Days (HDD) approach, a state of art of contemporary architecture and professional experience. Localclimates are classified according to the energy-hunger of six situations of the exterior temperature during night/day : cold/cold, cold/cool, cool/warm, cold/hot, cool/hot, and hot/hot as CDD and HDD of the twelve month ofthe year. A group of days on one of those situations will be called “climatic season”. In parallel we will create two main “climatic situations”: people keep the house closed to the exterior or opened to the exterior. We will associate passive strategies to these two differents ways to live in the house: “cold” and “hot” to a closed houseand “cool” and “warm” to a house opened up to the exterior. This method allows classifying any climate in theworld under these six climatic seasons. Our climate classification can now be associated to different strategies that we will call “architectural actions” as house is closed or opened. We could already start to design a house from here, but to better understand the influence of each action we have created an Energy+ model to analyze individually the effect of a single AA. The performance of each action is evaluated under the situations of six representative journeys as well as a year round on a very hot city: Dubai. The result of the effect good or badof action during each different season situation allows us to create the best combination of AA that are best fora year round climate resulting of the combination of several climatic seasons. This low-tech method will help usto find the common features of the houses of different hot climates of a big region and find the best typology. We have carried in parallel a cost study of the base house and the financial incidence of each single action to evaluate also the payback period by action
Moualem, Rim. "La Médina de Sfax et son souk : mutation d’un héritage urbain." Paris 10, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA100078.
Full textIn spite of its small surface (24 hectares), and its old planning that goes back to the IXth century after J. C, the “medina” (city) of Sfax seems to be an exemplary illustration of an original urbanization process of regional (area) development background. Up till the nineteen sixties, the city of Sfax did not know huge architectural transformation (alteration). Its originality resided in the exact space balance between the different functions: Accommodation, Business (commerce), and Artisan and Public equipments. Because of the “Soukalization” witch took more and more place in the city, this balance is actually interrupted. Hence (therefore), the businessmen and the craftsmen that represent the wealthy families left gradually the city in order to settle in the outskirts. The houses witch were left, were partly converted to shops, workrooms, and storehouses; whereas others were occupied by people coming from the rural depopulation. This architectural disorder caused a disastrous impact. Nowadays, we can surely say that the city of Sfax (like the city of Fès in Morocco) is an “atelier-city”. The implantation of the economic activity witch is turned towards business (commerce) on the one hand and the morphological alteration (transfer) of houses to “Souks” on the other hand, made the city of Sfax to become much more like a big “Souk”. In other wards, a big mall or shopping centre rather than a producing centre
Rodriguez, Gonzalo. "Modélisation de la réponse de l'architecture au climat local." Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013BOR15226/document.
Full textIn the context of the current energy crisis, energy consumption and the carbon trace have become a mayor influence in the architectonic conception, the first link in the construction process. Recent constrains associated with international agreements such as the Rio Summit (1992), the Kyoto Protocole and, specifically in France, Grenelle delʼEnvironnement Round Table (2007), have diversified the number of stakeholders in the architectural conception, traditionally reserved to architects. The race to reduce by hal fenergy consumption in buildings (RT 2012) as well as the goal to cut by four greenhouse gas emissions by 2050 (Grenelle de lʼEnvironnement), puts the architectural creative process in jeopardy. Such demanding requirements favor trivial technical solutions and encourage standardization and off shoring of architectural elements.This researchʼs purpose is to place the architectural approach at the center of the sustainable conception. This allows the validation of the performance of a houseʼs shape as an effective response to environmental constrains. For this, we have placed our interest in the vernacular house, usually characterized by simple forms and adapted to their sociocultural and geo-climatic context. This habitat, which has resulted from a long term optimization, is inevitably sustainable. The vernacular habitat is analyzed herein in the search of the motivations that have shaped it. In consequence, geographical and climate circumstances that could have determined the shape of houses have been considered. We claim that from the analysis of visible architectural features it is possible to obtain information on the geo-climatic environment as well as the influence relationships that connect them.These influence relationships are modeled following a qualitative approach supported by a qualitative representation of knowledge. The representation, based upon qualitative functions, enables automatic reasoning, starting from gathered awareness of geo-climatic environment, for establishing corresponding architectural features. Finally, the modeled result both allows the evaluation of the form of new houses and assist the conception of houses adapted to their local context
Biswas, Pooja. "Endangered built heritage : understanding economic viability of conservation : a tale of two cities." Thesis, Paris 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA01E061.
Full textAchieving sustainable development has been a global concern for decades. The urban situation in most developing countries has been chaotic with a fast-paced unregulated developmental boom. In India, the uncontrolled urban advancement has been an outcome of its rapid urbanisation in nearly every city. Consequently, this is leading to the hasty decline in the urban cultural built heritage, of which the vernacular residential buildings are particularly vulnerable. With the rate at which the traditional buildings are disappearing in growing cities in India (which is a prototype of nearly any developing country) it is not wrong to designate them as the “endangered group” of cultural heritage of current times. While on the one hand rapid loss of old buildings is instigating the problem of loss of identity and authentic urban culture, on the other hand, there is an increasing desire (particularly within a specific section of the society) to adopt an economical approach to conserve old buildings. However, despite the intentions of economising heritage buildings of vernacular types, not everywhere is it being successful. This gap between the intention and outcome is creating a dilemma if conservation of the built heritage of vernacular type is economically viable in developing cities. Building on a combination of a qualitative and quantitative approach, this project, thus, addresses urbanising societies of Vizag and Pondicherry that are experiencing population influx and unorganised and steep increase in demand for real estate and physical infrastructure, the coalescing effect of which is eroding the original character of the city and its living heritage.The research adopts the cost and benefit technique to assess the type of return on investing on conserving old buildings in a city and based on their outcome it analyses the practicality of conserving vernacular-built heritage in the urbanising cities of developing countries such as in India
Khaldi, Leila. "L’esthétique populaire de l’habitat à Tunis." Thesis, Paris 10, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA100087.
Full textThe popular construction of dwellings and their appearance in particular are discredited by the dominant groups in society. Considered as illegitimate as it is produced on the margins of official and architectural production processes, the current vernacular aesthetic of popular dwellings however constitutes a major part of the Tunisian urban landscape. This work is a modest contribution to the symbolic rehabilitation of this production and its aesthetics in particular. The façades as they appear to bystanders from the public space has led me, as an architect, to initially question how the inhabitant builders proceed to create an aesthetic on the facade of their dwelling, while seeking to inquire about the existence or not of an awareness of the image thus returned to the urban space. The numerous consultations with our interlocutors during the field surveys and the analysis of the collected data gradually convinced us that the methods of aesthetic fabrication by the inhabitant were based less on formal than practical considerations, as well as a growing awareness of the image of the dwelling as it is sent back to the public space
Hamard, Erwan. "Rediscovering of vernacular adaptative construction strategies for sustainable modern building : application to cob and rammed earth." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSET011/document.
Full textThe use of local, natural and unprocessed materials offers promising low impact building solutions. The wide spatial variability of these materials is, however, an obstacle to a large-scale use. The construction strategies developed by past builders were dictated by the local climate and the quality and the amount of locally available construction materials. These construction strategies can be regarded as an optimized management of local, natural and variable resources and are a source of inspiration for modern sustainable building. Unfortunately, this knowledge was lost in Western countries during the 20th century. Vernacular earth construction know-how rediscovering requires the development of rational built heritage investigation means. Another issue regarding the use of natural and variable building material is their compliance with modern building regulation. The development of performance based testing procedures is proposed as a solution to facilitate the use of earth as a building material. A multidisciplinary approach is proposed, combining micromorphology, pedology, geotechnics and heritage disciplines to study vernacular earth heritage. It provides complementary tools to assess pedological sources of construction material and geotechnical characteristics of earth employed in vernacular earth heritage. It also provides a detailed description of the construction process of vernacular earth heritage. Using these results, it was possible to draw resource maps and provide a scale of magnitude of resource availability at regional scale. Two performance based testing procedures were proposed in order to take into account the natural variability of earth in a modern building context. Earth construction will play an important role in the modern sustainable building of the 21st century if the actors of the sector adopt earth construction processes able to meet social demand, with low environmental impact and at an affordable cost. The study of earth heritage demonstrated the ability of historical earth builders to innovate in order to comply with social demand variations and technical developments. Earth construction benefits of an old and rich past and it would be a non-sense to leave this past behind. The analysis of earth heritage and the rediscovering of vernacular construction techniques is a valuable source of inspiration for modern earth construction. The valorisation of vernacular knowledge will save time, energy and avoid repeating past mistakes. The future of earth construction should be a continuation of past vernacular earth construction
Park, Yong-Seo. "Une conception du "vide" pour l'oeuvre architecturale du lieu : à propos d'un projet de fondation dédiée au peintre coréen Ungno Lee, Corée-France." Paris 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA010598.
Full textLancret, Nathalie. "Transformations de l'espace bâti : la maison en secteur urbain à Denpasar." Paris, EHESS, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995EHES0109.
Full textLe, Pabic Christophe. "La demeure privée rurale en Bretagne aux XVIIe et XVIIIe siècles : modernité et historicité." Paris 8, 2004. http://portaildocumentaire.citechaillot.fr/search.aspx?SC=theses&QUERY=cour+ouverte#/Detail/%28query:%28Id:%270_OFFSET_0%27,Index:1,NBResults:1,PageRange:3,SearchQuery:%28CloudTerms:!%28%29,ForceSearch:!t,Page:0,PageRange:3,QueryString:pabic,ResultSize:10,ScenarioCode:theses,ScenarioDisplayMode:display-standard,SearchLabel:%27%27,SearchTerms:pabic,SortField:!n,SortOrder:0,TemplateParams:%28Scenario:%27%27,Scope:%27%27,Size:!n,Source:%27%27,Support:%27%27%29%29%29%29.
Full textConsidered as an -historical subject, rural private dwelling can be integrated into the sphere of modernity due to its emergence in recent centuries, marked by the spread of new social manners, the appearance of architecture treatises and the urban development. With the help of archives and a corpus of 17th-and 18th - centuries breton buildings, the method is combining history and social science allow to study the relations between inhabitants and their habitations. The internal organization results from the existence of architectural devices permitting some selected areas and passages according to the occupant’s status. The technical factors related to the hierarchical organization of the society limit the evolution of forms. The relations between the rural community and the urban/learned community define the factors that influenced rural construction and some normative views of state institutions. Since the 18th c. , the private habitation has been part and parcel of technical and moral concerns
Wadi, Abid Ali. "Les applications de l'énergie solaire a l'habitat rural irakien : adaptation en fonction des variations climatiques journalières et saisonnières dans les régions marécageuses." Paris 7, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA077232.
Full textPadenou, Guy-Hermann. "Architecture, environnement et société : la cosmogonie des trois mondes des Tamberma au Togo." Toulouse 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003TOU20026.
Full textThis thesis deals with the complexity of relationship between architecture, environment and society, about the Tamberma people in Togo. It integrates a variety of indicators with respect to their culture, settlement, social and spatial organization, and also the particularities of the environment in which they progress. This work allows us to highlight the Tamberma's representation of the world, and analyse how that representation is adaptated on the architectural production. It leads us to identify the main elements of the social and spatial organization of the space and the time, to clarify what characterizes the people and the links he maintains up with its environment. Furthermore, this dynamic study of a society who has succeeded in preservating most of its cultural characteristics, allows us to demonstrate how that society integrates the change the "modern world"
Perrau, Antoine. ""Influence de la ventilation naturelle dans l'évolution de l'architecture tropicale". "Évaluation de cette influence au travers un regard d'architecte et d'urbaniste exerçant à La Réunion"." Thesis, La Réunion, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LARE0045.
Full textThis thesis proposes an approach based on the study of the influence of natural ventilation in the evolution of tropical architecture, past, present and future. This work starts from the observations related to the energy crisis and its consequences, global warming and the excessive use of air conditioning. It focuses on the tropical environment, which is experiencing rapid demographic, economic and therefore energy growth. First, it answers the question: Could a common, humid tropical climate have produced original and common architectural typologies, despite a strong geographical and temporal dispersion, at a time when the physics of buildings was not in use? In a second step, we tried to characterize thermal comfort and by which devices (architectural and technical) it is obtained for a traditional representative Reunionese "hut". Thirdly, we asked ourselves: How can we transpose these old concepts into contemporary projects, respecting which principles, with which tools and to obtain which results? This is based on an evaluation of two case studies, L'Ilet du Centre and Collège Bouéni, the tools used, their context of use and the efficiency of these devices. Finally, we have recently become aware of the need for a change of scale. Through a case study, we studied the ZAC Cœur de ville de La Possession, how to propose the transcription and ensure the sustainability of the natural ventilation chain, studied in the first three parts, in order to make the concept of a wind city applicable, enforceable, and therefore reproducible. Results: In terms of results, the study of these examples showed the importance of natural ventilation in the tropical zone, the impact on built forms, the solutions allowing comfort to be obtained in a traditional Reunionese hut, the role of the distant and nearby context, the risk of dysfunction in the event of modification of it, the interest of the appropriate use of new design tools, including aerothermal engineering and their adaptation to the geographical, climatic and programming context. We then proposed to ensure the sustainability of these devices on a building scale by moving to an urban scale. This thesis work made it possible in particular to make proposals for the regulatory transposition of these rules into the PLU. To this end, we have established constructability rules in the Cœur de ville project of La Possession, which preserves the potential for natural ventilation of buildings in the urban fabric through an integrated airflow engineering approach. The regulatory transposition of these rules into the PLU has finally made it possible to define a right to natural ventilation. This is a first applied example of regulatory wind energy planning while highlighting the need for rigorous operational monitoring to ensure its complete success
Estienne, Marie-Pierre. "Les réseaux castraux et l'évolution de l'architecture castrale dans les Baronnies de Mevouillon et de Montauban de la fin du Xe siecle à 1317." Aix-Marseille 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999AIX10077.
Full textCividino, Hervé. "Les édifices quotidiens de l’agriculture, 1945-1999 : de la modernisation des fermes traditionnelles à l’inscription des nouveaux ateliers de production dans l’environnement." Brest, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010BRES1005.
Full textThe agricultural revolution of the second part of the 2Oth century has led to a deep change in the architecture of farm buildings. During the intensification and modernisation of farming practices, traditional edifices have been replaced by industrial buildings. This thesis deals with the incredible split that happened between architecture and farming at that time. How did the gradual transformation of rural buildings take place? What were the main periods of progression and breakdown? How has innovation spread? Who were the main actors of this story? The aim of these questions is to show that the new architectural forms that arose did not only result from the evolution of building techniques and farming programs. Indeed, they are also due to the desire of farmers, who had the economical and political lead role in rural areas to be the driving force of modernization
Fogue, djombou Yannick Igor. "Caractérisation de l’endommagement des lauzes calcaires du Massif central Freeze-thaw resistance of limestone roofing tiles assessed through impulse vibration monitoring and finite element modeling in relation to their microstructure." Thesis, IMT Mines Alès, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019EMAL0003.
Full textTilestone is a natural stone material (sedimentary (limestone, sandstone), metamorphic (schist slate) or magmatic (phonolite lauze), splits along horizontal lines of weakness of stone, that can be used for roofing. This eco-material is used for roofing in many regions in Europe (France, Italy, Spain, Great Britain) and contribute to the authenticity of a region, such as in the Massif Central area in France, where they constitute a key element of the Mediterranean agropastoral cultural landscape of the “Causses and Cévennes” perimeter registered on the UNESCO World Heritage List. Limestone tilestone subjected to aggressive climatic conditions could undergo mechanical damage, compromising its roof sealing function.The variety of environments conducive to the formation of the limestone tilestone of the central massif makes them have a diversity of diagenetic characteristics. This thesis aims to characterize and understand the damage processes of limestone tilestone, especially when they are subjected hydro-thermal cycles, based on their vibration response and related to their diagenetic features. Thus, different aspects will be investigated, such as, on the one hand the use of experimental modal analysis to characterize the damage occurring to the limestone subjected to freeze-thaw cycles. And on the other hand, the characterization of the role and importance of hydric and thermal processes in the degradation mechanisms of these materials, related to their physical properties and their diagenetic characteristics, was investigated. Vibration-based monitoring methods and mixed numerical/experimental identification methods are practical, robust, relevant and non-invasive methods for studying the damage processes of these geomaterials. Moreover, the presence of diagenetic features such as cracks and stylolites within limestone tilestone influences their mechanical performance and durability. The hydric processes leading to the degradation of these materials occurs inside these flaws. Finally, it is possible to predict the frost susceptibility of limestone tilestone, either from the evaluation of the ice quantity of formed inside the diagenetic flaws, or by implementing the traditional technic of slate roofer consisting in using sound produced by tilestone
Luco, Fabienne. "Les habitants d'Angkor : une lecture dans l'espace et dans le temps des inscriptions sociales de populations villageoises installées dans un territoire ancien." Paris, EHESS, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016EHES0688.
Full text"Amnesia", the word keeps coming back in Westerners' talks about the difficulties encountered whennever one wishes to understand historical and genealogical memory and models of social organization in Cambodia based on traditional supports, be it written or oral. This thesis seeks to explore how "space", also considered as an object of research, could be used as a medium for the expression and the transmission of social practices and stories. Based on ethnographic research conducted with families living in the archaeological site of Angkor, this study begins with a reading of the social (re)construction from the basis of domestic space. The building of houses and the ways in which they are inhabited are examined from a technical, ritual and social point of view, in tandem with data on cardinal orientations and their symbolisms. The research then expands to the hamlet, the village and the "petit pays". It explains how social and identity relations are articulated and transmitted while being reformulated in a space formated according to cultural representations as well as local and regional stories. The thesis ends with a study of the shaping of the sacred space. Cartographic mappings of the psatial distribution of deities in areas previously studied reveal a hiearachical system of territorial and social control operated by powerful deceased personalities. Starting with the house, this study ends with an interpretative essay on the temple seen as a spatial matrix which social disharmonies could be regulated
Aslam, Emrah. "Historical references in architectural design with special emphasis on Anatolian vernacular architecture : a study in Turkish tourism architecture." Thesis, University of Salford, 2011. http://usir.salford.ac.uk/26554/.
Full textMin, Shu. "Evolving Vernacular Architecture: Case Studies in Sichuan, China, 18th-20th Century." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/15474.
Full textOjeda, Ledesma Gonzalo Lautaro. "Les animitas du Chili ou l'espace public de la ville contemporaine confronté à des croyances ancestrales conduisant à l'édification spontanée d'édifices pérennes." Phd thesis, Université de Bretagne occidentale - Brest, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00863869.
Full textTang, Fan-ju Susan. "Vertical Vernacular." Thesis, University of Waterloo, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/2848.
Full textThe first three chapters record and examine three branches of research: vernacular Taiwanese culture and architecture, high-density vernacular architecture, and the current condition of Taipei, Taiwan. The research deals with various disciplines, most importantly family and social structure, to provide a foundation for further discussion of dwelling condition versus culture. Chapter iv compares and analyzes the relationship between residential architecture and lifestyle of the vernacular and current dwelling. It argues for the importance of communities at different scales, bound together by a hierarchy of communal spaces. The condominium building is carefully reexamined under the categories of the unit, the floor, the building as a village, and the neighbourhood.
The design project, Vertical Vernacular [chapter v], presents a new typology of high-density residential architecture. It demonstrates the implantation of the theories and prototypes developed in the previous chapter, by consideration of current culture and family structure, including both traditional customs and modern lifestyle. A full range of unit plans are developed based on demographics, family structure, traditional custom, and adoption of tradition to modern imperatives. The co-operative living environment inspired by the vernacular dwelling creates friendly, strong and safe communities within the condominium. Furthermore, the project aims for the feasibility of the concept within the densest district of Taipei City from a developer's point-of-view.
Gourgues, Morgane. "Les églises rurales dans l’ancien diocèse d’Elne (Roussillon et Vallespir, Pyrénées-Orientales), entre le Vème et le XIème siècle : l’expression d’un palimpseste architectural ? Un répertoire des formes, entre préroman et anté-roman." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017MON30026/document.
Full textThe scarcity of evidence trickled down from the late Antiquity and the Roussillon Early Middle Ages, although quite flourishing, has casta veil depriving us for quitea while of all the chromatic richness of a long era, obscure only because of the a priori one has about it. Carrying out an introspection into the genesis of the formal Christian vocabulary is an absolute must to understand its shortcuts, those being often brought about by a monofocal vision too rarely offering the opportunity to consider the church building according to its polysemy: worshipping and congregating places for the believers as well as places where their craftmanship and art could be expressed. A summary, all in all,in the midst of a mutating society where the various political actors have only had in fact a moderate impact.The humbleante-Romanesque rural churches, by their structures and their method of building are eventually revealing of a legacy and a continuity played downuntil now, unsuspectedindeed. By choosing not to dissociate the evolution of techniques from that of the forms while factoring in the new prospects brought up by medieval archaeology, for other areas, the chronological postulates weaken, becoming less relative and more unbiased. Between rereading and rewording, it is now advisable to consider putting to the test pre-Romanesque architecture
Létourneau, Marie-Claude. "Penser l'espace en philosophie de l’éducation : l'exemple de l'architecture scolaire." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/69509.
Full textSchool architecture in Quebec is a soaring field: several recent researches and large governmental budgets can confirm it. Unfortunately, the major philosophical reflection needed about space and education still remain to be constituted. This, considering its possible societal, cultural, social and ethical impacts. My purpose is to document the subject in a philosophical way, with the intention of precising which elements have to be considered in order to think about school architecture. To do so, I analyze some governmental rules such as professional competencies, teachers’ obligations and school missions. To structure this huge subject, still “skeletal”, I chose to organize my work with four levels of space (and another type of space). The first level, designed space, has a hermeneutical function: school space must include significant elements and be designed “logogenically”. This level of space also includes ethical obligations: environmental concerns engage us to create sustainable spaces, which are built with a situated architecture, protecting sites and ecumene. Vernacular architecture, which involves dwellers in the creation process, allows a knotworking collaboration that is essential between the architect and all the actors (teachers, students, families, community, etc.). This close relation leads to consider the architect as a pedagogue, and to give him some responsibilities related to the targeted professional competencies (cultural and ethical). The second level, represented space, is about construction of a topogenesis, which uses body, but also an occidental representation of space sadly generalized. This phenomenon requires decentration to “apprehend” school space, liberating it with language and game. With this, I dare to propose a sort of “pedagogical nomadism”, that is to say more informal and dynamic practices. The third level, lived space, uses the bergsonian distinction that opposes the mathematical vision of space to that of a place. I can then consider the qualitative aspect of school as a place, respecting the seven teachers’ obligations and the three missions of Quebec schools. This place, neither completely private, nor completely public, can be seen as a space of socialization. The fourth level, dwelling, is about fundamentally ontological human determinations. This highest level of space is possible using intuition, which creates an immediate relation to space. The esthetical aspect, inspired by Hölderlin, who considers that “man dwells poetically”, leads me to propose school as an artwork, by transposing the four qualities of the musical work, namely beauty, sustainability, teaching and sincerity. The last type of space (vicarial space or nonplace) completes the four precedent levels. It is a partially transversal space, which causes deterritorialization of school. This means that specificities of physical school space, such as critical dimension (which cannot be accomplished by virtual space), have to be recognized.
Cemal, Havar. "Reinterpreting traditional weave : Revisiting vernacular architecture." Thesis, KTH, Arkitektur, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-146103.
Full textJag är intresserad av erfarenheter och kunskap som förs vidare från generation till generation, och i en bred mening är detta utgångspunkten för mitt examensarbete. Jag är av kurdisk härkomst, och jag visste tidigt att jag ville göra ett projekt som relaterade till kurdisk tradition. Jag var speciellt fascinerad av kurdisk vävning och hantverk, och hur denna tradition kunde omtolkas arkitektoniskt och användas som en tektonisk komponent. Jag var inte intresserad av att helt enkelt reproducera traditionell arkitektur, utan snarare att använda vissa tekniker och metoder som ett sätt att skapa något nytt. Inom min familj, finns det erfarenhet av vävning. Med sin kunskap, har det hjälpt mig tekniskt men även med frågor som rör den sociala och traditionella. Studien bygger på att utveckla designtekniker and kurdisk vävtekniker och principer. Min designteknik har främst varit inriktad på slit tapestry tekniken, mer känd som kelim, där öppningar skapas när två separat vävda områden väft möts längs intilliggande varptrådar utan att låsas. Med denna teknik, finns det utrymme för spontanitet, vilket har tillåtit mig att använda väv ramen och varpen att utveckla min designteknik. Förutom vävning tradition, är projektet också baserat på den lokala successiva arkitekturen samt islamisk arkitektur när det gäller klimat-och sociala aspekter.
Gillick, Ambrose. "Synthetic vernacular : the coproduction of architecture." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2013. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/synthetic-vernacular--the-coproduction-of-architecture(a01413a1-3d60-4ab1-9e8b-ce8f48deb3c8).html.
Full textGautam, Avinash. "Climate responsive vernacular architecture : Jharkhand, India." Thesis, Manhattan, Kan. : Kansas State University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/990.
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