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Giacchetti, Lobatón Eugenio Bruno. "Archivo General de la Nación." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/273360.
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El Archivo General en una pieza fundamental de la democracia ya que el documento de archivo se convierte en testimonio fidedigno de la actuación del Estado, garantía de la eficacia y honorabilidad de la vida pública. Su labor es la de recoger y recibir los documentos, conservarlos, tratarlos intelectualmente (identificarlos, clasificarlos, ordenarlos, describirlos), comunicarlos a los usuarios, reproducirlos, restaurarlos si están deteriorados, y convertirse en un espacio para la investigación y difusión. El Archivo General de la Nación no cuenta con un local propio, está ubicado en el sótano del Palacio de Justicia, y los documentos que contiene podrían perderse ya que están almacenados en espacios inadecuados. Se plantea como solución ubicarlo en el centro histórico en un edificio único que contenga todos los elementos del archivo así también de dotarlo de una imagen especial que propicie la identificación de los ciudadanos y así asegurar su sostenibilidad en el tiempo.Tesis
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Moreno, Ruíz Jorge Néstor. "Aplicación del CDS/ISIS en archivos históricos : el caso de la serie campesinado del Archivo General de la Nación." Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Dirección Académica de Investigación (DAI), 1995. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/69815.
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Dager, Alva Joseph. "Conservando el pasado desde el presente : el Archivo General de la Nación." IUS ET VERITAS, 2015. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/123674.
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Presta, Ana María. "La tasa toledana del repartimiento de Pairija. Un documento inédito del Archivo general de la nación, Buenos Aires." Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2014. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/121933.
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Rees, Sharon. "The role of nurses in general practice: general practitioners' and practice nurses' perceptions." University of Southern Queensland, Faculty of Sciences, 2004. http://eprints.usq.edu.au/archive/00001489/.
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The role of nurses in general practice: General Practitioners' and Practice Nurses' perceptions is a study that identifies the beliefs of Practice Nurses (PNs) and General Practitioners (GPs) of the PN role and how those roles impact on the general practice. Ethnographic techniquess were used for this study, with data collected through interviews, observation and questionnaires. Interviews were conducted with four PNs and four GPs in practices that employed nurses in an increased role similar to that described in the Nursing in General Practice Fact Sheets (Royal College of Nursing Australia, 2002). Two practices were observed to identify work practices and the nurses' interaction within the practice. The main finding of the study was the importance placed on the general practice team. Both GPs and PNs believed that working as a team was vital. They indicated that working together provided holistic care and enabled the practice to provide quality care. The role of the PN in this study was consistent with other studies in Australia. However, the nurses in this study appeared to have more autonomy in regard to care of people with chronic illness and the aged. Continuing education was considered important for the further development of the PN role. However, participants believed that the PN also needed to have considerable and varied experience together with good people skills. To further develop the PN role innovative ways of providing education to PNs should be investigated to ensure nurses have the necessary skills to undertake their role. Payment issues in general practice should also be examined and addressed to ensure that PNs are able to be employed, and receive remuneration appropriate for their experience and job description.
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Calle, Macedo Alicia. "MINISTERIO DE EDUCACION DE LA NACION. DIRECCION GENERAL DE CULTURA. Catálogo de Documentos del Museo Histórico Nacional. 2 tomos. Buenos Aires, 1952." Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2014. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/113892.
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Gonzaga, Fernández Martín Guillermo. "Análisis del sistema de gestión de calidad ISO 9001:2008 en el Archivo General de la Asociación Mutualista de Oficiales de la Policía Nacional del Perú." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2014. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/10877.
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Publicación a texto completo no autorizada por el autorEl documento digital no refiere asesor
Al describir el sistema de gestión de calidad ISO 9001:2008 en el proceso de gestión de archivo de AMOF-PNP se ha podido determinar que la norma ISO 9001 por sí sola, no garantiza a través del tiempo la gestión de la calidad, debido a que la norma solo menciona el que se debe hacer para cumplir con los requisitos, pero no explica la manera de cómo ejecutarlos en la práctica. Los requisitos de la norma ISO 9001:2008 relacionados con el proceso de gestión de archivo son cinco, los cuales se han podido obtener a través del desarrollo de la cadena de valor. Mediante el uso de las herramientas de la cadena de valor, el análisis PEST y la matriz FODA se logró identificar los factores que limitan el desarrollo del SGC clasificándolos en intrínsecos y extrínsecos.
Trabajo de suficiencia profesional
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Arnab, Alapan. "Towards a General Framework for Digital Rights Management (DRM)." Thesis, University of Cape Town, 2007. http://pubs.cs.uct.ac.za/archive/00000448/.
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Digital rights management (DRM) can be defined as a technology that enables persistent access control. The common understanding of DRM is that of a technology that enables means to thwart piracy of digital multimedia through limiting how the media is used by the consumer. It can be observed that many of these restrictions can be applied to any type of data. Therefore, it should be possible to create a two part DRM system -- a common DRM system that enforces the basic access controls (such as read, write and execute) and an application specific DRM system that enforces the application specific access controls (such as print and play). The aim of this dissertation is to create such a framework for distribution independent DRM systems.
Most vendors promote DRM as a copyright protection mechanism, and thus consumers expect a number of rights that are allowed by copyright legislation, but which are not available for the DRM protected media. However, DRM is not an enforcement of copyright law, but rather an enforcement of a licensing regime. Thus, there is incorrect (and possibly false) marketing of DRM enabled media from the vendors of DRM enabled media, leading to dissatisfied consumers. We think that one of the main reasons for the current situation, is that there is no defined legal framework governing the operation of DRM systems. In this dissertation, we address this gap, by developing a legal framework for DRM systems as one of the components of our DRM framework.
Negotiation can be defined as the process which leads to the conclusion of a contract. Since DRM is the enforcement of licensing agreements, there is a need to cater for negotiation protocols in DRM systems. Negotiations provide the consumer with the power to request different rights packages, especially when consumers have a legitimate need for rights not granted normally to other consumers (for example, disabled consumers have needs that may not be met with standard rights set). Negotiations also allow the possibility for the licensors to extract the maximum value from the consumers. For this reason, the inclusion of negotiation protocols in DRM systems can become a powerful tool, and in this dissertation we present the first negotiation protocols for DRM systems.
Even though the definition of DRM as an access control model has existed since at least 2002, there has been no formal description of DRM as an access control model. Thus, there are no formal models for any of the rights expression languages which express DRM access control policies, and various authors have commented on ambiguities present in interpretation and enforcement of licenses expressed in these languages -- a result of a lack of formal definition of these languages. In this dissertation, we develop a formal model for a Licensing Rights Expression Language (LiREL), which is designed to provide a mechanism to express access control policies which are also sound legal license documents. Our formal model also discusses the enforcement of the access control policies, and is thus the first formal model for DRM as a mechanism for access control.
Access control is a two part process: authentication of the parties involved and authorisation of the parties to access the resources. Authorisation in DRM provides some unique challenges: there is a need to support multiple platforms, without guaranteed network connectivity and minimal trust between the parties involved. For this reason, the associated authentication framework becomes more complex.
While many access control models define user management as part of their model, we have taken a different approach, and removed user management from the core DRM system. Instead, our authorisation process requires a trusted verification of the user's credentials and then decides on the access control request. For this reason, our user authentication framework is ticket based, and shares similarities to Kerberos tickets.
DRM also requires a strong data identity management. However, all the current identity systems for data do not provide verification service for data identity. For this reason, we developed Verifiable Digital Object Identity (VDOI) System, to address this gap.
These components are combined towards a general framework for digital rights management that advances the understanding, organisation and implementation of DRM compared to approaches or solutions which are currently available.
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Calle, Macedo Alicia. "MINISTERIO DE EDUCACION DE LA NACION. DIRECCION GENERAL DE CULTURA. Selección de Documentos del Museo Histórico Nacional. Tomo I. Buenos Aires, 1952. 310 p." Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2014. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/114128.
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Jacka, David. "High-Level Control of Agent-based Crowds by means of General Constraints." Thesis, University of Cape Town, 2009. http://pubs.cs.uct.ac.za/archive/00000638/.
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The use of virtual crowds in visual eects has grown tremendously since the warring armies of virtual orcs and elves were seen in The Lord of the Rings. These crowds are generated by agent-based simulations, where each agent has the ability to reason and act for itself. This autonomy is eective at automatically producing realistic, complex group behaviour but leads to problems in controlling the crowds. Due to interaction between crowd members, the link between the behaviour of the individual and that of the whole crowd is not obvious. The control of a crowd's behaviour is, therefore, time consuming and frustrating, as manually editing the behaviour of individuals is often the only control approach available. This problem of control has not been widely addressed in crowd simulation research.
We propose, implement and test a system in which a user may control the behaviour of a crowd by means of general constraints. This Constraint Satisfaction system automatically alters the behaviour of the individuals in the crowd such that the group behaviour meets the provided constraints. We test this system on a number of scenarios involving dierent types of agents and compare the effectiveness of this automatic system to an expert user manually changing the crowd. We find our method of control, in most cases, to be at least as effective as the expert user.
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Bidot, Julien Grabot Bernard. "A general framework integrating techniques for scheduling under uncertainty." Toulouse : INP Toulouse, 2006. http://ethesis.inp-toulouse.fr/archive/00000183.
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Winterbottom, Cara. "VRBridge: a Constructivist Approach to Supporting Interaction Design and End-User Authoring in Virtual Reality." Thesis, University of Cape Town, 2010. http://pubs.cs.uct.ac.za/archive/00000607/.
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For any technology to become widely-used and accepted, it must support end-user authoring and customisation. This means making the technology accessible by enabling understanding of its design issues and reducing its technical barriers. Our interest is in enabling end-users to author dynamic virtual environments (VEs), specifically their interactions: player interactions with objects and the environment; and object interactions with each other and the environment. This thesis describes a method to create tools and design aids which enable end-users to design and implement interactions in a VE and assist them in building the requisite domain knowledge, while reducing the costs of learning a new set of skills.
Our design method is based in constructivism, which is a theory that examines the acquisition and use of knowledge. It provides principles for managing complexity in knowledge acquisition: multiplicity of representations and perspectives; simplicity of basic components; encouragement of exploration; support for deep reflection; and providing users with control of their process as much as possible. We derived two main design aids from these principles: multiple, interactive and synchronised domain-specific representations of the design; and multiple forms of non-invasive and user-adaptable scaffolding. The method began with extensive research into representations and scaffolding, followed by investigation of the design strategies of experts, the needs of novices and how best to support them with software, and the requirements of the VR domain. We also conducted a classroom observation of the practices of non-programmers in VR design, to discover their specific problems with effectively conceptualising and communicating interactions in VR.
Based on our findings in this research and our constructivist guidelines, we developed VRBridge, an interaction authoring tool. This contained a simple event-action interface for creating interactions using trigger-condition-action triads or Triggersets. We conducted two experimental evaluations during the design of VRBridge, to test the effectiveness of our design aids and the basic tool. The first tested the effectiveness of the Triggersets and additional representations: a Floorplan, a Sequence Diagram and Timelines. We used observation, interviews and task success to evaluate how effectively end-users could analyse and debug interactions created with VRBridge. We found that the Triggersets were effective and usable by novices to analyse an interaction design, and that the representations significantly improved end-user work and experience. The second experiment was large-scale (124 participants) and conducted over two weeks. Participants worked on authoring tasks which embodied typical interactions and complexities in the domain. We used a task exploration metric, questionnaires and computer logging to evaluate aspects of task performance: how effectively end-users could create interactions with VRBridge; how effectively they worked in the domain of VR authoring; how much enjoyment or satisfaction they experienced during the process; and how well they learned over time. This experiment tested the entire system and the effects of the scaffolding and representations.
We found that all users were able to complete authoring tasks using VRBridge after very little experience with the system and domain; all users improved and felt more satisfaction over time; users with representations or scaffolding as a design aid completed the task more expertly, explored more effectively, felt more satisfaction and learned better than those without design aids; users with representations explored more effectively and felt more satisfaction than those with scaffolding; and users with both design aids learned better but did not improve in any other way over users with a single design aid. We also gained evidence about how the scaffolding, representations and basic tool were used during the evaluation.
The contributions of this thesis are: an effective and efficient theory-based design method; a case study in the use of constructivism to structure a design process and deliver effective tools; a proof-of-concept prototype with which novices can create interactions in VR without traditional programming; evidence about the problems that novices face when designing interactions and dealing with unfamiliar programming concepts; empirical evidence about the relative effectiveness of additional representations and scaffolding as support for designing interactions; guidelines for supporting end-user authoring in general; and guidelines for the design of effective interaction authoring systems in general.
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Nicholson, Philip John. "Snap, pan, zoom, click, grab, and the embodied archive of Geographic Information Systems." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2018. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/30609/.
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The aim of this thesis is to critically interrogate the question of ‘what is’ Geographical Information Systems (GIS) from an arts and humanities perspective, and to contribute to the emergence of what scholars have called a ‘third stage’, or ‘creative’ GIS. A significant element of this thesis is a practice-based research component that allowed for unpredictable avenues to emerge as the research unfolded, and the cultivation of an experimental approach that ‘tinkered’ with objects of inquiry regardless of preconceived outcomes. I begin with a critical assessment of the conceptual heritage of GIS, and related debates that situate GIS in the context of digital technologies and objects, structuralist, humanist and post-humanist geographic literatures on practice, and creativity as a productive geographic practice, before offering the notion of the ‘archive’ as a productive means of framing and interrogating GIS. In order to understand the doing of GIS, field studies were conducted to investigate what it means to learn and become immersed in GIS. I deployed more established social science methods at several sites, such as interviewing and participant observation, supplemented with auto-ethnographic accounts. From here, I sought to investigate how my own creative practice brought something new to the study of GIS, working through an abundance of materials, insights, and feelings amassed over the course of the PhD. Several artworks were created to tease-out, distil, and probe the aesthetic qualities of GIS that had become known to me throughout the PhD. This was a matter of ‘interfacing’, between GIS as broad discipline and my creative and aesthetic sensibilities and determining how my singular approach could recast our understanding of what GIS indeed is. This thesis renders GIS not only as a tool, as a means of producing geographic knowledge according ontologies past and present, but as a set of practices that the user takes part in, and asserts his or her agency, but also must surrender themselves (at least in part) to the agency manifest through GIS as a historically, socially, and technologically produced mechanism. The practices involved in GIS are not just productive to particular ends, such as map making. The emotional dispositions, frustrations, anxieties, affective atmospheres of GIS practice produce a material and embodied residue that must be taken into consideration when we consider what GIS is. The thesis thus concludes with a proposal for a curated exhibition to ‘open up’ the dissemination of the thesis beyond the page and provide some sense of the what of GIS via other mediums. This curated installation offers a moment of closure for the project, as a culmination, a coming together of many of the materials built up and collected during the project.
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Kohn, Fay. "Encouraging the use of evaluation recommendations : a case study in a division of general medical practice /." Connect to thesis, 2002. http://eprints.unimelb.edu.au/archive/00000399.
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Phiri, Lighton. "Investigating the Impact of Organised Technology-driven Orchestration on Teaching." Thesis, University of Cape Town, 2018. http://pubs.cs.uct.ac.za/archive/00001263/.
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Orchestration of learning involves the real-time management of activities performed by educators in learning environments, with a particular focus on the effective use of technology. While different educational settings present unique problems, the common challenges have been noted to primarily be as a result of multiple heterogeneous activities and their associated intrinsic and extrinsic constraints. In addition to these challenges, this thesis argues that the complexities of orchestration are further amplified due to the ad hoc nature of the approaches and techniques used to orchestrate learning activities. The thesis proposes a streamlined approach to technology-driven orchestration of learning, in order to address these challenges and complexities. Specifically, the thesis proposes an organised approach that focuses on three core aspects of orchestration: activity management, resource management and sequencing of learning activities. Orchestration was comprehensively explored in order to identify the core aspects essential for streamlining technology-driven orchestration. Proof-of-concept orchestration toolkits, based on the proposed orchestration approach, were implemented and evaluated in order to assess the feasibility of the approach, its effectiveness and its potential impact on the teaching experience. Comparative analysis and guided orchestration controlled studies were conducted to compare the effectiveness of ad hoc orchestration with streamlined orchestration and to measure the orchestration load, respectively. In addition, a case study of a course that employed a flipped classroom strategy was conducted to assess the feasibility of the proposed approach. The feasibility was further assessed by integrating a workflow, based on the proposed approach, that facilitates the sharing of reusable orchestration packages. The results from the studies suggest that the streamlined approach is more effective when compared to ad hoc orchestration and has a potential to provide a positive user experience. The results also indicate that the approach imposes acceptable orchestration load during scripting of learning activities. Case studies conducted in authentic educational settings suggest that the approach is feasible, and potentially applicable to useful practical usage scenarios. The long-term implications are that streamlining of technology-driven orchestration could potentially improve the effectiveness of educators when orchestrating learning activities.
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Wood, Daniel. "Fast Galactic Structure Finding using Graphics Processing Units." Thesis, University of Cape Town, 2014. http://pubs.cs.uct.ac.za/archive/00000937/.
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Cosmological simulations are used by astronomers to investigate large scale structure formation and galaxy evolution. Structure nding, that is, the discovery of gravitationally-bound objects such as dark matter halos, is a crucial step in many such simulations. During recent years, advancing computational capacity has lead to halo-nders needing to manage increasingly larger simulations. As a result, many multi-core solutions have arisen in an attempt to process these simulations more eciently. However, a many-core approach to the problem using graphics processing units (GPUs) appears largely unexplored. Since these simulations are inherently n-body problems, they contain a high degree of parallelism, which makes them very well suited to a GPU architecture. Therefore, it makes sense to determine the potential for further research in halo-nding algorithms on a GPU. We present a number of modified algorithms, for accelerating the identication of halos and sub-structures, using entry-level graphics hardware. The algorithms are based on an adaptive hierarchical renement of the friends-of-friends (FoF) method using six phase-space dimensions: This allows for robust tracking of sub-structures. These methods are highly amenable to parallel implementation and run on GPUs. We implemented four separate systems; two on GPUs and two on CPUs. The first system for both CPU and GPU was implemented as a proof of concept exercise to familiarise us with the problem: These utilised minimum spanning trees (MSTs) and brute force methods. Our second implementation, for the CPU and GPU, capitalised on knowledge gained from the proof of concept applications, leading us to use kd-trees to efficiently solve the problem.
The CPU implementations were intended to serve as benchmarks for our GPU applications. In order to verify the efficacy of the implemented systems, we applied our halo finders to cosmological simulations of varying size and compared the results obtained to those given by a widely used FoF commercial halo-finder. To conduct a fair comparison, CPU benchmarks were implemented using well-known libraries optimised for these calculations.
The best performing implementation, with minimal optimisation, used kd-trees on the GPU. This achieved a 12x speed-up over our CPU implementation, which used similar methods. The same GPU implementation was compared with a current, widely-used commercial halo finder FoF system, and achieved a 2x speed-up for up to 5 million particles. Results suggest a scalable solution, where speed-up increases with the size of dataset used. We conclude that there is great potential for future research into an optimised kd-tree implementation on graphics hardware for the problem of structure finding in cosmological simulations.
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Hall, Alison. "The Shelter photographs 1968-1972 : Nick Hedges, the representation of the homeless child and a photographic archive." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2016. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/6534/.
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The thesis examines the work of photographer Nick Hedges (b. 1953) who made photographs for the housing charity Shelter between 1968 and 1972. It concentrates on Hedges’ methodology, his representation of the homeless child, and how this was deployed in Shelter’s campaign strategy. Moreover, it examines the wider political, sociological and cultural debates surrounding the conception, production, dissemination and reception of the Shelter photographs. The thesis argues that Hedges’ photographs, although contextualised by an ostensibly radical charity agenda, were shaped by an established photographic and art historical tradition reaching back to the nineteenth century. This is examined in the light of a shifting conception of what constituted an ethically sound representation of homelessness amongst leftist critics in Britain from the 1970s onwards. The thesis equally discusses the archive as a site of photographic accession, interpretation and display, and outlines the issues that face archive professionals charged with the presentation of the Shelter photographs to a contemporary audience. By combining art historical analysis of Hedges’ photographs with research into their current framing in the archive, the thesis offers a distinctive contribution to scholarship, exploring how photographic meaning is shaped, subverted and disseminated by individuals, organisations and institutions alike.
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Chibesakunda, Mwelwa K. "A Methodology for Analyzing Power Consumption in Wireless Communication Systems." Thesis, University of Cape Town, 2004. http://pubs.cs.uct.ac.za/archive/00000102/.
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Energy usage has become an important issue in wireless communication systems. The energy-intensive nature of wireless communication has spurred concern over how best systems can make the most use of this non-renewable resource. Research in energy-efficient design of wireless communication systems show that one of its challenges is that the overall performance of the system depends, in a coupled way, on the different submodules of the system i.e. antenna, power amplifier, modulation, error control coding, and network architecture. Network architecture implementation strategies offer protocol software implementors an opportunity of incorporating low-power strategies into the design of the network protocols used for data communication.
This dissertation proposes a methodology that would allow a software protocol implementor to analyze the power consumption of a wireless communication system. The foundation of this methodology lies in the understanding of the formal specification of the wireless interface network architecture which can be used to predict the performance of the system. By extending this hypothesis, a protocol implementor can use the formal specification to derive the power consumption behaviour of the wireless system during a normal operation (transmission or reception of data). A high-level formalism like state-transition graphs, can be used to track the protocol processing behaviour and to derive the associated continuous-time Markov chains.
Because of their diversity, Markov reward models(MRM) are used to model the power consumption associated with the different states of a specified protocol layer. The models are solved analytically using the Mobius performance and dependability tool. Using the MRM accumulation and utilization measures, a profile of the power consumption is generated. Results from the experiments on the protocol layers show the individual power consumption and utilization of the different states as well as the accumulated power consumption of different protocol layers when compared. Ultimately, the results from the reward model solution can be used in the energy-efficient design of wireless communication systems.
Lastly, in order to get an idea of how wireless communication device companies handle issues of power consumption, we consulted with the wireless module engineers at Siemens Communication South Africa and present our findings on current practices in energy efficient protocol implementation.
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Schollar, Christopher. "RFI Monitoring for the MeerKAT Radio Telescope." Thesis, University of Cape Town, 2015. http://pubs.cs.uct.ac.za/archive/00001042/.
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South Africa is currently building MeerKAT, a 64 dish radio telescope array, as a pre-cursor for the proposed Square Kilometre Array (SKA). Both telescopes will be located at a remote site in the Karoo with a low level of Radio Frequency Interference (RFI). It is important to maintain a low level of RFI to ensure that MeerKAT has an unobstructed view of the universe across its bandwidth. The only way to effectively manage the environment is with a record of RFI around the telescope.
The RFI management team on the MeerKAT site has multiple tools for monitoring RFI. There is a 7 dish radio telescope array called KAT7 which is used for bi-weekly RFI scans on the horizon. The team has two RFI trailers which provide a mobile spectrum and transient measurement system. They also have commercial handheld spectrum analysers. Most of these tools are only used sporadically during RFI measurement campaigns. None of the tools provided a continuous record of the environment and none of them perform automatic RFI detection.
Here we design and implement an automatic, continuous RFI monitoring solution for MeerKAT. The monitor consists of an auxiliary antenna on site which continuously captures and stores radio spectra. The statistics of the spectra describe the radio frequency environment and identify potential RFI sources. All of the stored RFI data is accessible over the web. Users can view the data using interactive visualisations or download the raw data. The monitor thus provides a continuous record of the RF environment, automatically detects RFI and makes this information easily accessible.
This RFI monitor functioned successfully for over a year with minimal human intervention. The monitor assisted RFI management on site during RFI campaigns. The data has proved to be accurate, the RFI detection algorithm shown to be effective and the web visualisations have been tested by MeerKAT engineers and astronomers and proven to be useful. The monitor represents a clear improvement over previous monitoring solutions used by MeerKAT and is an effective site management tool.
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Ali, Myzoon. "The Virtual International Stroke Trials Archive (VISTA) : promulgation of a clinical trial resource." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2008. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/509/.
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Abstract Chapter 1 provides an introduction to stroke including its current prevalence both nationally and globally, aetiology, global importance and social & financial burden. We also describe here current acute stroke management practices, the role of clinical trials in the development of therapies, the richness of data within clinical trials and changes in regulatory thinking regarding data access. We provide recommendations for the use of trial data for novel exploratory investigations of clinical trial design and epidemiological studies. In Chapter 2 we describe the establishment of the Virtual International Stroke Trials Archive (VISTA) to address the need for reliable data on which to plan future clinical trials. This chapter details the methodology and logistics of establishing the resource, including details of regulatory policy for data collection and use, establishment of a Steering Committee and development of a constitution to safeguard data access and use. As of June 2008, VISTA contains 28 acute stroke clinical trials and one acute stroke registry. We collated data on over 27,500 patients with either ischaemic or haemorrhagic stroke. Patient age ranges from 18 to 103 years and outcome measures include Barthel Index, Scandinavian Stroke Scale, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale, Orgogozo Scale, and modified Rankin Scale. Medical history and onset to treatment times are readily available and computed tomography (CT) lesion data are available for selected trials. We discuss the establishment and potential uses of this resource in the context of existing stroke resources. Chapter 3 demonstrates how we utilised VISTA to investigate natural history patterns in acute stroke. There are prominent differences in stroke incidence and outcome across different geographical locations; these are not confined to the Eastern- Western axis. We aimed to examine whether there were any differences in index stroke severity, stroke risk factors, and stroke outcome between geographical locations, after adjusting for case-mix. We found that patients who were enrolled in the USA and Canada had the worst index strokes, whilst patients enrolled in Austria and Switzerland had the mildest index stroke, and better functional (p=0.023) and neurological outcome (p=0.034) at 90 days. 90 –day survival was greater in patients who were enrolled in Spain and Portugal (p<0.0001). Chapter 4 demonstrates the use of VISTA to inform stroke clinical trial design by examining the impact of early follow up on adverse event and functional outcome profiles. We aimed to assess the contribution of adverse complications unrelated to stroke, to 30 and 90- day functional outcome. If fewer ‘stroke-unrelated’ adverse events were seen at later time points, and if the absence of these events appeared to influence functional outcome, then further investigation into shortening the follow up period of clinical trials with a view to minimizing complications may be warranted. We identified idiopathic post-stroke complications (deemed to be ‘stroke- unrelated’) but their absence did not beneficially alter outcome at either 30 days (p<0.0001, adjusted OR for good outcome =0.47, 95% CI [0.26, 0.67]), or 90 days (p=0.002, adjusted OR for good outcome =0.38, 95% CI [0.14, 0.61]). We concluded that shortening the follow up period with the aim of minimizing ‘stroke-unrelated’ complications did not benefit functional outcome, however further investigation is required. Chapter 5 illustrates the use of VISTA to investigate the natural history of complications after intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH). Treatments available for ICH remain limited. The use of haemostatic agents to promote local coagulation has had no significant benefit on outcome. However promising results from a subgroup analysis of patients from the FAST trial has raised the possibility of treatment with recombinant factor VIIa (rFVIIa) in patients with ICH. We sought to document the natural history of complications after ICH in order to inform safety in future trials of haemostatic agents for ICH. We found that the risk of thromboembolic complications after ICH was low (4 events affecting 2% of patients). The absence of these thromboembolic complications did not significantly affect the attainment of good functional outcome (p>0.05). The occurrence of haemorrhagic expansion was common, affecting 14% of patients, and significantly influenced attainment of good functional outcome at 90 days (p= p<0.0001, adjusted odds ratio for good functional outcome=21.9, 95% confidence interval [5.5, 88.3]). Although infection occurred in 11% of patients, this did not significantly influence attainment of good functional outcome at 90 days (p=0.8). The complications encountered in this investigation and their time to onset will serve to inform prophylaxis in future ICH clinical trials. Chapter 6 describes the processes involved in drug development from phase I, first- in – man studies to phase III efficacy trials and identifies a key area in the drug development process where use of VISTA as a historical comparator resource could be of benefit: phase II studies. We detail here the types of conventional comparator groups available for use in a phase II investigation, advantages and disadvantages of using each of these comparator groups, the potential for use of historical comparators in some scenarios where use of conventional comparator groups is infeasible, and possible solutions to address the limitations associated with use of historical comparators. Chapter 7 illustrates the use of VISTA as a resource for historical comparators in the context of an acute stroke device trial conducted by a small company with limited resources. BrainsGate, the manufacturers of the NeuroPath™ Device for treatment of ischaemic stroke, sought to collaborate with the VISTA group to examine initial efficacy of their device against outcomes derived from VISTA historical comparators. We discuss the example of this device in early phase testing, where VISTA was primed for use as a resource for historical comparators. We also describe the limitations associated with the use of historical comparators, how these limitations could be overcome in practice through use of matched patients, implementation of strict eligibility criteria and use of similar follow up periods and stroke scales, as well as the measures taken to ensure the validity of results. Chapter 8 describes a collaboration with the DESTINY trial group to investigate stroke outcomes after malignant middle cerebral artery occlusion (mMCAO). The DESTINY trial examined the impact of decompressive hemicraniectomy on outcome after mMCAO, compared with randomised controls. We compared the outcomes of operated patients from the DESTINY trial with historical comparators from VISTA to determine whether the findings could be replicated and if historical comparators could be used as an alternative in a situation where a randomised controlled trial (RCT) is infeasible or unethical. We found that fewer patients in the VISTA comparator group achieved a good functional outcome by mRS at final follow up (19%), when compared with the DESTINY surgical group (47%, Chi- Square test p=0.04). This difference persisted after adjusting for baseline NIHSS (logistic regression p=0.04). Analysis of Barthel Index at final follow up revealed no significant difference between the two groups and we also found no difference in 6 month survival rates between the surgical and VISTA comparator groups (Cox Proportional Hazards model p>0.05). We concluded that for effective replication of results, the database from which historical comparators are to be drawn should cover a similar or broader spectrum of patient prognostic factors. Chapter 9 discusses the implications of the investigations described in this thesis, outlines the scope for expanding the resource and proposes areas for future research.
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Cortés, Juan Siméon Thierry. "Motion planning algorithms for general closed-chain mechanisms lgorithmes pour la planification de mouvements de mécanismes articulés avec chaînes cinématiques fermées /." Toulouse : INP Toulouse, 2005. http://ethesis.inp-toulouse.fr/archive/00000091.
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Lai, Catherine. "A formal framework for linguistic tree query /." Connect to thesis, 2005. http://eprints.unimelb.edu.au/archive/00001594.
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Singer, Ruth. "Agreement in Mawng : productive and lexicalised uses of agreement in an Australian language /." Connect to thesis, 2006. http://eprints.unimelb.edu.au/archive/00003242.
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Gjini, Erida. "Bridging between parasite genomic data and population processes : trypanosome dynamics and the antigenic archive." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2012. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/3375/.
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Antigenic variation processes play a central role in parasite invasion and chronic infectious disease, and are likely to respond to host immune mechanisms and epidemiological characteristics. Whether changes in antigenic variation strategies lead to net positive or negative effects for parasite fitness is unclear. To improve our understanding of pathogen evolution, it is important to investigate the mechanisms by which pathogens regulate antigenic variant expression. This involves consideration of the complex interactions that occur between parasites and their hosts, and top-down and bottom-up factors that might drive changes in the genetic architecture of their antigenic archives. Increasing availability of pathogen genomic data offers new opportunities to understand the fundamental mechanisms of immune evasion and pathogen population dynamics during chronic infection. Motivated by the growing knowledge on the antigenic variation system of the sleeping sickness parasite, the African trypanosome, in this thesis, we present different models that analyze antigenic variation of this parasite at different biological scales, ranging from the within-host level, to between-host transmission, and finally the parasite genetics level. First, we describe mechanistically how the structure of the antigenic archive impacts the parasite population dynamics within a single host, and how it interplays with other within-host processes, such as parasite density-dependent differentiation into transmission life-stages and specific host immune responses. Our analysis focuses first on a single parasitaemia peak and then on the dynamics of multiple peaks that rely on stochastic switching between groups of parasite variants. We show that the interplay between the two types of parasite control within the host: specific and general, depends on the modular structure of the parasite antigenic archive. Our modelling reveals that the degree of synchronization in stochastic variant emergence (antigenic block size) determines the relative dominance of general over specific control within a single peak, and can divide infection scenarios into stationary and oscillatory regimes. A requirement for multiple-peak dynamics is a critical switch rate between blocks of antigenic variants, which depends on host characteristics, such as the immune delay, and implies constraints on variant surface glycoprotein (VSG) archive genetic diversification. Secondly, we study the interactions between the structure and function of the antigenic archive at the transmission level. By using nested modelling, we show that the genetic architecture of the archive has important consequences for pathogen fitness within and between hosts. We find host-dependent optimality criteria for the antigenic archive that arise as a result of typical trade-offs between parasite transmission and virulence. Our analysis suggests that different traits of the host population can select for different aspects of the antigenic archive, reinforcing the importance of host heterogeneity in the evolutionary dynamics of parasites. Variant-specific host immune competence is likely to select for larger antigenic block sizes. Parasite tolerance and host life-span are likely to select for whole archive expansion as more archive blocks provide the parasite with a fitness advantage. Within-host carrying capacity, resulting from density-dependent parasite regulation, is likely to impact the evolution of between-block switch rates in the antigenic archive. Our study illustrates the importance of quantifying the links between parasite genetics and within-host dynamics, and suggests that host body size might play a significant role in the evolution of trypanosomes. In Chapters 4 and 5 we consider the genetics behind trypanosome antigenic variation. Antigen switch rates are thought to depend on a range of genetic features, among which, the genetic identity between the switch-off and switch-on gene. The subfamily structure of the VSG archive is important in providing the conditions for this type of switching to occur. We develop a hidden Markov model to describe and estimate evolutionary processes generating clustered patterns of genetic identity between closely related gene sequences. Analysis of alignment data from high-identity VSG genes in the silent antigen gene archive of the African trypanosome identifies two scales of subfamily diversification: local clustering of sequence mismatches, a putative indicator of gene conversion events with other lower-identity donor genes in the archive, and the sparse scale of isolated mismatches, likely to arise from independent point mutations. In addition to quantifying the respective rates of these two processes, our method yields estimates for the gene conversion tract length distribution and the average diversity contributed locally by conversion events. Model fitting is conducted for a range of models using a Bayesian framework. We find that gene conversion events with lower-identity partners are at least 5 times less common than point mutations for VSG pairs, and the average imported conversion tract is short. However, due to the high frequency of mismatches in converted segments, the two processes have almost equal impact on the rate of sequence diversification between VSG sub-family members. We are able to disentangle the most likely locations of point mutations vs. conversions on each aligned gene pair. Finally we model VSG archive diversification at the global scale, as a result of opposing evolutionary forces: point mutation, which induces diversification, and gene conversion, which promotes global homogenization. By adopting stochastic simulation and theoretical approaches such as population genetics and the diffusion approximation, we find how the stationary identity configuration of the archive depends on mutation and conversion parameters. By fitting the theoretical form of the distribution to the current VSG archive configuration, we estimate the global rates of gene conversion and point mutation. The relative dominance of mutation as an evolutionary force quantifies the high divergence propensity of VSG genes in response to host immune pressures. The success of our models in describing realistic infection patterns and making predictions about the fitness consequences of the parasite antigenic archive illustrates the advantage of using integrative approaches that bridge between different biological scales. Even though quantifying the genetic signatures of antigenic variation remains a challenging task, cross-disciplinary analyses and mechanistic modelling of parasite genomic data can help in this direction, to better understand parasite evolution.
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MacCulloch, Laura. "Ford Madox Brown : works on paper and archive material at Birmingham Museums and Art Gallery." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2010. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/611/.
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This collaborative thesis focuses on the extensive collection of works on paper and related objects by Ford Madox Brown (1821-1893) held at Birmingham Museums and Art Gallery (BMAG). It is the first academic study to use Brown's works on paper as the basis for discussion. In doing so it seeks to throw light on neglected areas of his work and to highlight the potential of prints and drawings as subjects for scholarly research. The thesis comprises a complete catalogue of the works on paper by Brown held at BMAG and three discursive chapters exploring the strengths of the collection. Chapter one focuses on the significant number of literary and religious works Brown made in Paris between 1841 and 1844 and examines his position in the cross-cultural dialogues taking place in Europe in the mid-nineteenth century. Chapter two uses the dual definition of the word 'construction' to examine how his interpretation of history was affected by contemporary changes in historiography, and to discuss his practical approach to composing a history painting. Chapter 3 studies illustrations he made for publication. Progressing chronologically, it explores his changing attitude towards illustration as a medium and argues that these works had increasing importance for his artistic career. The catalogue is the most up-to-date and informative inventory of the collection and includes new identifications, titles and dates and exegeses.
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Strømmen, H. M. "The ends of (hu)man : following Jacques Derrida's animal question into the biblical archive." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2014. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/6428/.
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This thesis engages with the biblical archive and its animals, asking what it means to read the Bible after Jacques Derrida’s “question of the animal”, that is, critical questions directed at the characterisations, representations and utilisations of animals past and present which deem animals distinctly different to humans in order to demarcate their inferiority. At the same time, it is a critical response to Derrida’s Bible. Derrida – arguably one of the most important and influential thinkers of the twentieth century – provides a significant philosophical contribution to the question of the animal. In animal studies, the Bible is treated as a foundational legacy for concepts of the “human” and is frequently held up to blame for a misplaced human hubris. Derrida too draws on the Bible in implicit and explicit ways to underpin his critique of human/animal distinctions. Building on Derrida’s work on animality, I provide close and critical interpretations of four crucial texts of the biblical archive. I argue that these biblical texts are caught up in irreducible tensions: on the one hand, these texts depict and describe how humans and animals alike abide as finite, fellow creatures under God as a justice to come which calls for a radical similitude and solidarity; on the other hand, animals are portrayed as objects that are mastered by humans to demonstrate God’s power over the living. God’s power thus resides in a double bind – it both displaces power from humans to show them as animals, and it simultaneously provides a model for human power over animal others. In the first chapter I explore the significance of Derrida’s motifs of nakedness and shame over nakedness for his critique of human/animal distinctions, arising from his reading of Genesis. Critically continuing Derrida’s play on myths of origin, I tackle the question of the first carnivorous man, Noah, in Genesis 9 in order to show how this text can both be read as a license to enact the sovereignty of man over animals, and, how this text radically resists such a reading in God’s covenant with all life, human and non-human. Following my exploration of myths of origin, the second chapter grapples with Derrida’s notion of a deconstructed subject through his emphasis on response and responsibility. Derrida puts forward the biblical response “here I am”, as the mark of vulnerability in every relation with the other. I explore what this responsible response might mean in the context of the Book of Daniel that portrays encounters between human, nonhuman animals and God. Developing Derrida’s injunction to follow the nonhuman other, I argue that the double context of Daniel conveys two distinct visions of the concept of the political as animal: one, in which a fantasy for a harmonious domestication and cohabitation amongst rulers and their human and animal subjects is fostered under the only true ruler, a benign God; and, a collapse of such a fantasy, where rulers – human and divine – are portrayed as carnivorous, ferocious creatures who turn their subjects from pets to prey. The third chapter follows this collapse to Derrida’s critique of the commandment “Thou shalt not kill” as a commandment relating only to humans and thus a detrimental Judeo-Christian legacy. Derrida draws on the story of Cain and Abel to discuss the way the killing of an animal leads to the killing of a brother. To explore questions of killability I, however, turn to the negotiations of such issues in Acts 10. In the animal vision of Acts 10, questions of clean/unclean animals are suspended and hospitality is apparently opened up between Jewish and non-Jewish Christians. I demonstrate that the universalism associated with this text refers to an exclusive human fellowship which evades the actual implications of the animal vision. Yet, I posit that there are again two ways of reading the animal vision. In the first reading the analogical resemblance set up between animals and Gentiles implies that Gentiles too become killable as “clean” and thus the animal vision allows for indiscriminate killability amongst the living in general. In the second reading the cleanness of all animals is in fact a radical redemption of animal life for fellowship, in the same way that Peter accepts the fellowship and hospitality of Gentiles. Ultimately, the category of the living and the dead draws humans and non-humans together into what I call “mortability”; that is, the capacity for death shared amongst the living in the suspension of judgement until Jesus returns. In the fourth chapter, I follow up on the suspension of judgement by analysing Derrida’s thinking of sovereignty and animality in relation to Revelation 17. Crucially, Derrida’s logic of sovereignty includes Christ as lamb, in his logos or reason of the strongest, despite its ostensible weakness as a diminutive animal. I explore this further by turning to the scene of Revelation 17 in which the Lamb is at war with the Beast and the woman riding it. Developing Derrida’s allusions to sexual difference as it relates to the question of the animal, I explore how Revelation 17 denigrates both animals and women by characterising them as the figure of evil: Rome. The logic of the animal representations sets up the divine as the good on the side of the weak in the figure of the suffering Lamb. But as the Lamb becomes a beast-like indivisible sovereignty that asserts its reason of the strongest, the figures of “evil” become the vulnerable weak victims – the animal others. Another image of Rome emerges, then, as a deconstructed sovereignty in the subjects that stand as powerless figures in the political order, namely the animals of the Roman arenas and the prostitutes of the Roman Empire. The four texts I examine abide in the ambiguous tensions of an archive that can in the end neither be presented as animal-friendly nor as straightforwardly anthropocentric. The biblical archive is a complex compendium fraught with tensions that can, with its animals, only be held in abeyance. There can be no final “ownership” proclaimed of this archive and its animals, nor can any interpretive act dis-suspend them from such an ambivalent state. These very different texts do, however, provide the material and momentum to show central and crucial instances of how the biblical archive characterises its humans, animals and gods. My analysis reveals that the very same spaces in which these characterisations might be fixed as detrimental to animal life, are where the possibilities of seeing animals radically otherwise lie.
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Munyaradzi, Ngoni. "Transcription of the Bleek and Lloyd Collection using the Bossa Volunteer Thinking Framework." Thesis, University of Cape Town, 2013. http://pubs.cs.uct.ac.za/archive/00000913/.
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The digital Bleek and Lloyd Collection is a rare collection that contains artwork, notebooks and dictionaries of the earliest habitants of Southern Africa. Previous attempts have been made to recognize the complex text in the notebooks using machine learning techniques, but due to the complexity of the manuscripts the recognition accuracy was low. In this research, a crowdsourcing based method is proposed to transcribe the historical handwritten manuscripts, where volunteers transcribe the notebooks online. An online crowdsourcing transcription tool was developed and deployed. Experiments were conducted to determine the quality of transcriptions and accuracy of the volunteers compared with a gold standard. The results show that volunteers are able to produce reliable transcriptions of high quality. The inter-transcriber agreement is 80% for |Xam text and 95% for English text. When the |Xam text transcriptions produced by the volunteers are compared with the gold standard, the volunteers achieve an average accuracy of 69.69%. Findings show that there exists a positive linear correlation between the inter-transcriber agreement and the accuracy of transcriptions. The user survey revealed that volunteers found the transcription process enjoyable, though it was difficult. Results indicate that volunteer thinking can be used to crowdsource intellectually-intensive tasks in digital libraries like transcription of handwritten manuscripts. Volunteer thinking outperforms machine learning techniques at the task of transcribing notebooks from the Bleek and Lloyd Collection.
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Carpenter, Dennis L. Mallory Barbara. "An analysis of leadership responsibilities as perceived by general education and special education teachers participating in co-teaching inclusion programs." Diss., Statesboro, Ga.: Georgia Southern University, 2009. http://www.georgiasouthern.edu/etd/archive/fall2009/dennis_l_carpenter/carpenter_dennis_l_200908_edd.pdf.
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"A dissertation submitted to the Graduate Faculty of Georgia Southern University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Doctor of Education." Title from PDF of title page (Georgia Southern University, viewed on April 5, 2010). Barbara Mallory, major professor; Linda Arthur, Denise Weems, committee members. Electronic version approved: December 2009. Includes bibliographical references (p. 280-312).
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Richardson, Deborah. "Perceptions of special education and general education teachers on co-teaching of students with disabilities in southeast Georgia school systems." Click here to access dissertation, 2008. http://www.georgiasouthern.edu/etd/archive/spring2007/deborah_g_richardson/richardson_deborah_g_200808_edd.pdf.
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Thesis (Ed.D.)--Georgia Southern University, 2008."A dissertation submitted to the Graduate Faculty of Georgia Southern University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Doctor of Education." Directed by Dana Sparkman. ETD. Includes bibliographical references (p. 73-82) and appendices.
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Denney, Charles Arthur. "General secondary school principals' and athletic directors' experiences regarding the priority of selected athletic department tasks and the time required to accomplish them." Click here to access dissertation, 2008. http://www.georgiasouthern.edu/etd/archive/spring2008/charles_a_denney/denney_charles_a_200801_edd.pdf.
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Thesis (Ed.D.)--Georgia Southern University, 2008."A dissertation submitted to the Graduate Faculty of Georgia Southern University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Doctor of Education." Under the direction of Abebayehu Tekleselassie. ETD. Electronic version approved: May 2008. Includes bibliographical references (p. 83-89) and appendices.
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Levasseur, Bruno. "Essai de lecture «democratique» des representations culturelles des grands ensembles francais : une «archive» de la Cite des Quatre-Mille a La Courneuve (1962-2002)." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2010. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/1000/.
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Cette thèse s’assigne comme objectif d’examiner l’évolution des évocations culturelles et théoriques des grands ensembles français entre les années 1960 et 2000. Notre recherche s’articule autour de la Cité des Quatre-Mille de La Courneuve. Prenant en compte les productions journalistiques disséminées par les grands médias durant ces quatre dernières décennies, les contrastant avec des créations artistiques plus dissidentes, les comparant avec des créations culturelles réalisées par les habitants de cette cité, nous élaborons un «complexe culturel» permettant un questionnement à la fois différent et «démocratique» des représentations historiques des grands ensembles. Le chapitre premier détaille l’armature théorique et méthodologique de notre étude. Le chapitre II propose une analyse rancièrienne des principes d’égalité, de démocratie et de politique. Les chapitres suivants (chapitre III, IV et V) retracent la trajectoire spécifique de la Cité courneuvienne. Le chapitre III se focalise sur les représentations journalistiques des Quatre-Mille au sein de la nation. Le chapitre IV est dévolu à la culture artistique et contraste d’autres formes de représentations esthétiques de la Cité et de l’identité nationale. Centré sur les productions quotidiennes de banlieusards, le chapitre V donne lieu à différentes représentations entre «banlieues» et citoyenneté.
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Bergmark, Victor. "Miljövårdsberedningens arkiv 1968 - 1994 : Ett ordnings- och förteckningsarbete på Riksarkivet." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för ABM, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-177967.
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This memo discusses and problematizes the work of organizing and cataloging the archive of the Environmental Advisory Council.The archive mainly consists of records concerning meetings which the Environmental Advisory Council has participated in, but also records concerning different tasks of the council and a few records concerning the coun-cil itself.The overriding problem, which is discussed in the final part of this memo, is the lacking knowledge about the creator of the archive and the creation of the archive itself and how this effects the work of ordering and catalog-ing. An attempt is made to evaluate the archive as a source of information to the Environmental Advisory Coun-cil and its work.This is a one year master’s thesis in Archival Science
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París, Folch Lidón. "Evidencia y memoria: La gestión documental en el Archivo General de la Universitat Jaume I." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Jaume I, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/294265.
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Documentos, universidad, evidencia, eficacia, memoria, investigación, archivo. Con esta investigación se pretende ofrecer un nexo de unión entre todos estos conceptos.
Esta tesis es una propuesta de diseño y aplicación de un sistema de gestión de los documentos en la Universitat Jaume I para que dichos documentos cumplan con una doble finalidad: ser evidencia de las actividades llevadas a cabo por esta institución de enseñanza superior hoy, y, con el paso del tiempo, conformar la memoria de la universidad. El objeto de estudio son por tanto, los documentos universitarios en Castellón, tanto los generados por la Universitat Jaume I como los de las dos instituciones antecedentes: Magisterio y Colegio Universitario de Castellón, conservados en el Archivo General de la universidad.
La metodología utilizada para alcanzar este objetivo comprende una primera fase de análisis del marco teórico (literatura científica y doctrina archivística) y del marco empírico (documentación universitaria), para continuar con el diseño de los instrumentos básicos y los diferentes aspectos que conforman un sistema de gestión documental, y su aplicación, que se detallan en el capítulo de Resultados: marco normativo, cuadro de clasificación, plan de descripción, plan de conservación, servicios y difusión, manual del archivo y evaluación del sistema.
Tras un análisis comparativo con los archivos universitarios españoles, y tras comprobar el grado de validación de los resultados con los objetivos iniciales, se puede afirmar, como conclusión, que el sistema de gestión documental diseñado resulta válido para mantener la utilidad de los documentos a través del tiempo, como evidencia y como memoria de la universidad.
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Anderson, Simon. "Re-flux action : concerning the Fluxshoe exhibition tour of 1972-73, and the subsequent attempt to catalogue the residual collection, held in the Tate Gallery Archive : including general problems of performance art history which this raised." Thesis, Royal College of Art, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.600806.
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Carvalho, Fontes Larissa Yelena. "Anthropologie d'un musée silencieux : la Collection Persévérance et les enjeux de mémoire autour du "xangô alagoano" (Maceió - Brésil)." Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSE2071.
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La présente thèse a comme objet central la Collection Persévérance, un ensemble d’objets qui ont été volés des maisons de culte afro-brésilien à Maceió, capitale de l’État d’Alagoas, au Nord-est du Brésil. Le pillage de ces objets s’est produit dans un épisode de répression politique-religieuse survenu en 1912 et connu comme Quebra de Xangô. Cette Collection est abritée par le Musée de l’Institut Historique et Géographique d’Alagoas et depuis son pillage, elle n’a pas été objet d’études scientifiques. Ainsi, cette recherche a essayé de combler les lacunes existantes sur le sujet, en traçant son parcours jusqu’à présent et en démontrant les grandes transformations vécues par le culte du xangô alagoano, à la fois au niveau liturgique et rituel. Pour la production de l’inventaire de la Collection Persévérance, un travail d’investigation a été mené pour essayer de trouver les usages originaux et référencer dûment les pièces. Cette investigation a été réalisée avec la participation de la communauté religieuse afro-brésilienne, en privilégiant leur savoir traditionnel, leur mythologie et leur système cosmologique pour découvrir et construire la biographie de ces objets. De cette manière, le xangô alagoano est ici présenté, en retraçant ses particularités, fruit de mes dix ans d’expérience de terrainThe central object of this thesis is the “Persévérance” Collection, a group of pieces that were stolen from Afro-Brazilian houses of worship in Maceió, capital of the state of Alagoas, in the northeast of Brazil. The pillaging of these objects occurred in an episode of political-religious repression in 1912, known as Quebra de Xangô. This Collection is exposed by the Museum of the Historical and Geographical Institute of Alagoas and since its pillage it has not been subject of any scientific studies. In this way, this research has tried to fill the existing gaps on the subject, tracing its path so far and demonstrating the great transformations experienced by the worship of xangô alagoano, both at the liturgical and ritual levels. For the production of those objects inventory an investigation was carried out to try to find the original uses and toproperly reference the pieces. This investigation was produced with the participation of the Afro-Brazilian religious community, focusing on their traditional knowledge, mythology and cosmological system to discover and construct the biography of those objects. Therefore, the xangô alagoano is presented here, tracing its peculiarities, fruit of my ten years of field experience
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Vay, Mélanie. "La mise en problème européen de l'économie publique : socio-histoire des mondes de l'entreprise publique au contact de la politique européenne (1957-1997)." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 1, 2019. https://buadistant.univ-angers.fr/login?url=https://bibliotheque.lefebvre-dalloz.fr/secure/isbn/9782247210497.
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« L'Europe » aura-t-elle commandé les privatisations ? Est-ce à « Bruxelles » que s'est jouée la crise du service public « à la française » ? En partant des conflits politiques et juridiques autour des catégories d' « entreprise publique » et de « service d'intérêt économique général », la thèse éclaire les formes précaires de reconnaissance d'une « économie publique » à l'échelle de l'Union européenne. En faisant l'hypothèse que l'échec à faire émerger un statut à part renvoie à l'impossible agrégation d'un réseau européen de professionnels et de savoirs du secteur public économique pouvant faire pièce au puissant monde de la concurrence, elle révèle un processus historique de « mise en problème » de l'économie publique à l’échelon européen. Né comme une contre-mobilisation institutionnelle visant à juguler les risques d’un dirigisme européen, le programme concurrentiel s’affirme d’abord dans des controverses politiques et doctrinales qui placent le secteur public en position « dérogatoire ». Il se déploie ensuite sur divers fronts bureaucratiques, judiciaires, professionnels et académiques qui contribuent à consacrer un principe d’égale application de l’impératif concurrentiel à tous les agents économiques. L’entreprise de re-mobilisation transnationale impulsée dans les années 1980-1990 par les réseaux politiques et professionnels du secteur public, EDF en tête, permet d’éprouver l’ancrage social et institutionnel de ce nouvel acquis communautaire. En suivant cette trajectoire, on saisit les conditions d’arrimage du paradigme concurrentiel au Marché commun et ses conséquences sur l’articulation du secteur public au projet européenIs it “Europe” that ordered the privatisations ? Is it in “Brussels” that the crisis of the “service public à la française” has been played out ? Starting from the political and legal conflicts surrounding the categories of “public undertaking” and “service of general economic interest”, this dissertation illuminates the precarious forms of recognition of a “public economy” at the level of the European Union. Assuming that the failure to bring out a separate status refers to the impossible aggregation of a European network of professionals and knowledge of the public economic sector, it reveals an historical process of “problematisation” of the public economy at European stage. Born as an institutional counter-mobilisation aimed at curbing the risks of European dirigisme, the competitive program first asserts itself in political and doctrinal controversies that place the public sector in a “derogatory” position. It then unfolds on various bureaucratic, judicial, professional and academic fronts that contribute to a principle of equal application of the competitive imperative to all economic agents. The transnational re-mobilisation enterprise, launched in the 1980s and 1990s by the political and professional networks of the public sector, led by Electricté de France, provides a test of the social and institutional anchoring of this new acquis communautaire. Following this historical trajectory, one can grasp the conditions of the stowage of the competitive paradigm to the Common Market and its consequences for the articulation of the public sector with the European project
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Talbot, Michael. "SHOP-Net: Moving from Paper to Mobile." Thesis, 2011. http://pubs.cs.uct.ac.za/archive/00000934/.
Full textAbstract:
Stock-ordering is one of the challenges that microenterprises face, because shop owners often need to leave their shops to travel to suppliers of goods. Triple Trust Organization (TTO) is a non-profit organization (NGO) that works with microenterprises around Cape Town and addresses this problem. They act as a supplier and fetch stock orders from shops they work with. Their ordering system relied on paper order forms and had a number of inefficiencies. To address these inefficiencies, a mobile-based stock-ordering system was designed with TTO. This system allows orders to be recorded and sent to a server at the TTO office using a mobile phone application where the orders are then processed. This system successfully increased TTO’s efficiency in three ways, namely, improved data processing ability, increased order accuracy and increased access to information. The evaluation was done according to their success criteria and the system has been in use for seven months. We argue that evaluations with NGOs should go further than just the management but include all of those affected by the system.
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Almukhaylid, Maryam. "A Comparison of Socially-Motivated Discussion Forum Models for Learning Management Systems." Thesis, 2017. http://pubs.cs.uct.ac.za/archive/00001231/.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis seeks to contribute to the field of learning management system (LMS) development in tertiary educational institutions, particularly to advance the adoption of learning management systems (LMSes) by exploring the incorporation of socially-motivated discussion forum models. This study proposes a Web-based application, which includes four different discussion forum models for LMSes, in order to test usability and student preferences.
The purpose of this study was to compare two non-social discussion forums and two social discussion forums, to determine their appropriateness in terms of attributes or features and general functionality for LMSes. The design processes led to the creation of a Web-based application called 4DFs, which includes four different discussion forum models.
Two of these models are non-social discussion forums: the chat room unstructured model and the traditional general threaded discussion. The other two types are social discussion forums, where users can choose who they converse with: the Twitter-style short comment feed and the Facebook-style. The chat room and the traditional general threaded discussion forums’ features are based on those of Sakai, since the research sample was comprised of students from the University of Cape Town (UCT). The Twitter-style and Facebook-style elements, such as retweets, hashtags, likes and reposts, are based on Twitter and Facebook. A pilot study was conducted to discover any errors or issues with the experimental procedure. A controlled experiment was then conducted with 31 students from the institution. Participants had to fill out a background information survey to gather some demographic information and to understand more about participants’ previous experiences using chat rooms, discussion forums, and social media applications for university related purposes and for non-university related purposes. Following that, participants were given tasks to test all the features of the different discussion forum models. To avoid bias in the participants’ choosing of discussion forum models, the research was conducted with a Counterbalanced Measures Design. Participants had to fill in the System Usability Scale (SUS) questionnaire in conjunction with their use of the Web-based application. Then, after using all discussion forums, they had to fill out a preferences questionnaire that asked about their preferences of the discussion forums and the features.
The Twitter-style short comment feed model was preferred in terms of the ease of use and since participants were familiar with this forum. This was followed by the chat room unstructured model and the traditional general threaded discussion in terms of these forums’ ease of use and students’ preference for the layout. The Facebook-style was less preferable. Also, participants indicated that the post button, reply button, edit, delete, and search button were more beneficial features. Participants mention that the layout of the chat room unstructured model was not optimal, since the massive amount of text made it confusing and unclear to decipher. Participants suggested that including the uploading of media, allowing private chat, adding extra features for important posts, and using a repost button in the discussion forums would be more useful.
The study found that students preferred that the learning forum include certain characteristics; they prioritised ease of use, less complexity, less interaction and a user-friendly interface over their familiarity with the forum. For learning, there is a need to use the features for a specific purpose so users do not necessarily want extra fancy features (like emojis), instead they want systems that help them to learn efficiently.
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Badenhorst, Scott. "Acceleration of the noise suppression component of the DUCHAMP source-finder." Thesis, 2015. http://pubs.cs.uct.ac.za/archive/00001043/.
Full textAbstract:
The next-generation of radio interferometer arrays - the proposed Square Kilometre Array (SKA) and its precursor instruments, The Karoo Array Telescope (MeerKAT) and Australian Square Kilometre Pathfinder (ASKAP) - will produce radio observation survey data orders of magnitude larger than current sizes. The sheer size of the imaged data produced necessitates fully automated solutions to accurately locate and produce useful scientific data for radio sources which are (for the most part) partially hidden within inherently noisy radio observations (source extraction). Automated extraction solutions exist but are computationally expensive and do not yet scale to the performance required to process large data in practical time-frames. The DUCHAMP software package is one of the most accurate source extraction packages for general (source shape unknown) source finding. DUCHAMP's accuracy is primarily facilitated by the à trous wavelet reconstruction algorithm, a multi-scale smoothing algorithm which suppresses erratic observation noise. This algorithm is the most computationally expensive and memory intensive within DUCHAMP and consequently improvements to it greatly improve overall DUCHAMP performance. We present a high performance, multithreaded implementation of the à trous algorithm with a focus on `desktop' computing hardware to enable standard researchers to do their own accelerated searches. Our solution consists of three main areas of improvement: single-core optimisation, multi-core parallelism and the efficient out-of-core computation of large data sets with memory management libraries. Efficient out-of-core computation (data partially stored on disk when primary memory resources are exceeded) of the à trous algorithm accounts for `desktop' computing's limited fast memory resources by mitigating the performance bottleneck associated with frequent secondary storage access. Although this work focuses on `desktop' hardware, the majority of the improvements developed are general enough to be used within other high performance computing models. Single-core optimisations improved algorithm accuracy by reducing rounding error and achieved a 4 serial performance increase which scales with the filter size used during reconstruction. Multithreading on a quad-core CPU further increased performance of the filtering operations within reconstruction to 22 (performance scaling approximately linear with increased CPU cores) and achieved 13 performance increase overall. All evaluated out-of-core memory management libraries performed poorly with parallelism. Single-threaded memory management partially mitigated the slow disk access bottleneck and achieved a 3.6 increase (uniform for all tested large data sets) for filtering operations and a 1.5 increase overall. Faster secondary storage solutions such as Solid State Drives or RAID arrays are required to process large survey data on `desktop' hardware in practical time-frames.
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Mohamed, Nour Morwan. "An End-to-End Solution for Complex Open Educational Resources." Thesis, 2012. http://pubs.cs.uct.ac.za/archive/00000845/.
Full textAbstract:
Open access and open resources have gained much attention from the world in the last few years. The interest in sharing information freely by the use of the World Wide Web has grown rapidly in many different fields.
Now, information is available in many different data forms because of the continuous evolution in technology. The main objective of this thesis is to provide content creators and educators with a solution that simplifies the process of depositing into digital repositories.
We created a desktop tool named ORchiD, Open educational Resources Depositor, to achieve this goal. The tool encompasses educational metadata and content packaging standards to create packages while conforming to a deposit protocol to ingest resources to repositories. A test repository was installed and adapted to handle Open Educational Resources.
The solution proposed is centered on the front-end application which handles the complex objects on the user desktop. The desktop application allows the user to select and describe his/her resource(s) then creates the package and forwards it to the specified repository using the deposit protocol.
The solution is proved to be simple for users but also in need of further improvements specifically in association to the metadata standard presented to user.
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Kendall, Tyler S. "Speech Rate, Pause, and Linguistic Variation: an Examination through the Sociolinguistic Archive and Analysis Project." Diss., 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10161/1097.
Full textAbstract:
Recordings of speech play a central role in the diverse subdisciplines of linguistics. The reliance on speech recordings is especially profound in sociolinguistics, where scholars have developed a range of techniques for eliciting and analyzing natural talk. Despite the focus on naturalistic speech data, sociolinguists have rarely focused explicitly on the management (e.g. organization, storage, accessibility, and preservation) of their data, and this lack of focus has had consequences for the advancement of the field. At the same time, the interviews that sociolinguists labor so hard to obtain are often barely mined for their full potential to further our understanding of language. That is, sociolinguists often focus on a handful of phonological and/or morphosyntactic variables to the exclusion of so many other features of speech. The present work both addresses the management of sociolinguistic data and, through an innovative approach to speech data management and analysis, extends the sociolinguistic lens to include the lesser-examined realm of variation in sequential temporal patterns of talk.
The first part of this dissertation describes the Sociolinguistic Archive and Analysis Project (SLAAP), a web-based digitization and preservation initiative at North Carolina State University. SLAAP, which I principally have designed and developed, is more than an archive; it has actively sought to explicate approaches to spoken language data management and to enrich spoken language data through the development of analytic tools designed specifically for sociolinguistic analysis. This dissertation begins by situating SLAAP within the history of data management practices in the field of sociolinguistics. It then provides an overview of many of SLAAP's features, discussing in particular the transcript model that enables most of its analytic and presentational capabilities.
The second part of this dissertation takes advantage of SLAAP's data model and the extensive language data accumulated within its archive to examine variation in speech rate and silent pause duration by North American English speakers of four ethnicities in North Carolina, Ohio, Texas, Washington, DC, and Newfoundland. This work brings a wide range of previous research from different areas of sociolinguistics, psycholinguistics, and corpus linguistics to bear on an array of quantitative analyses, demonstrating that speech rate and pause exhibit meaningful variation at the social level at the same time as they are also constrained by cognitive and articulatory processes.
Specifically, pause and speech rate are shown to vary by region, ethnicity, and gender - albeit not in mono-directional ways - although other factors arise as significant, including, for speech rate, a strong effect of utterance length as well as a number of interactional or discourse-related factors, such as the gender of the interviewer and the number of participants in the speech event. A number of the examinations undertaken relate sociolinguistic conceptions of style to language production and cognitive processes, including a quantitative analysis of sequential temporal patterns as paralinguistic cues to attention to speech, performativity, and the realization of phonological and morphosyntactic variables. Through this analysis, sociolinguistic data and findings are brought to bear on a tradition of psycholinguistic investigations with the hope to benefit both, often disparate, areas of research.
Dissertation
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De, Melo Fernandes Sonia Maria. "Tradução e Censura : o teatro traduzido e censurado durante duas ditaduras no Brasil (1937-1945,1964-1985)." Thèse, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/23444.
Full textAbstract:
Plusieurs études explorent la question des œuvres théâtrales traduites et censurées dans un contexte dictatorial, au Brésil et ailleurs dans le monde. Pourtant, peu d’entre elles examinent les stratégies de traduction mises en œuvre pour éviter ou contourner la censure. S’appuyant sur l’Histoire de la traduction, la présente thèse propose précisément de se pencher sur la question des stratégies de traduction des pièces de théâtre pendant deux périodes de dictature au Brésil : Estado Novo (1937-1945) et Ditadura Militar (1964-1985). Pour chacune de ces périodes, des mécanismes de censure différents et les stratégies de traduction variées qui en découlent sont examinés et illustrés. La méthodologie, fondée sur le modèle TRACE (TRAducciones CEnsuradas en España), consiste en l’analyse d’un corpus de pièces de théâtre traduites et censurées pendant les périodes précitées, et obtenues au Centre d’archives Miroel Silveira, à São Paulo. Chaque dossier de censure (y compris les traductions, les commentaires et avis des censeurs, et les documents relatifs aux négociations entre les censeurs et les directeurs d’œuvres théâtrales) est analysé afin de comprendre les actes de censure ; de même, un échantillon de pièces de théâtre et leur traduction font l’objet d’une analyse comparative pour cerner de quelle manière les traducteurs réagissent à la censure. Les données sont analysées dans leur contexte historique, ce qui nous a permis de conclure que les procédures et les stratégies de traduction ont évolué d’une période de dictature à l’autre. Quant au cadre théorique, il se réclame en grande partie des travaux sur les normes et le système de mécénat de la traductologie descriptive, notamment ceux de Toury (1995) et de Lefevere (1992). Ces travaux décrivent le fonctionnement de la censure au sein et en dehors du système littéraire, de même que ses répercussions sur les traducteurs. Le concept de censure y est souvent qualifié de concept multidimensionnel et arbitraire mais une étude détaillée des lieux d’interaction entre la censure et la traduction s’avérait nécessaire. Telle est l’une des principales contributions de la présente thèse au domaine. Afin d’atteindre les objectifs énoncés ci-dessus, cette étude a été divisée en cinq chapitres: 1) Traduction, théâtre et censure, dans lequel nous introduisons les principaux concepts utilisés et faisons un état de la question; 2) Aspects théoriques et méthodologiques, dans lequel nous présentons les bases théoriques, la méthodologie (TRACE), et, enfin, notre méthodologie propre; 3) Estado Novo et les caractéristiques principales de cette période (contexte historique, lois et décrets de censure), les données générales collectées dans les archives Miroel Silveira et, enfin, l'analyse de cinq pièces de théâtre traduites et censurées au cours de cette période; 4) La Ditadura Militar, avec le même contenu que le point précédent mais pour la période; 5) Comparaison des deux périodes citées, dans lequel nous analysons les mécanismes de censure et les différentes stratégies de traduction qui en découlent.Numerous studies exist on theatrical works translated and censored during periods of dictatorship in Brazil and other countries around the world. However, few among such studies are devoted to strategies used by the translator to avoid or circumvent censorship. Situated in the area of Translation History, this work investigates strategies used in the translation of theater plays during Brazil’s two dictatorships: the Estado Novo (1937-1945) and the Military Dictatorship (1964-1985). We, in each of these periods, different censorship mechanisms and the varied strategies translators adopted in response. We thus sought to identify these strategies in correlation with each mechanism of censorship that provoked them. To our knowledge, there is no study comparing these aspects between the two dictatorships. Our methodology entailed analysis of a corpus of plays translated and censored during the aforementioned periods of dictatorship. The works were retrieved from the Miroel Silveira Archive. An examination of censorship dossiers (among them the translations themselves, comments and opinions of the censors, and negotiations between the censors and directors of the theatrical works) broadened our understanding of censors’ actions while analysis of the theatrical works provided insight into translators’ reaction to censorship. Articulated with historical contexts, these aspects allowed us to conclude that there was a variation between the procedures and the translation strategies used in each dictatorship. The success of the study owes much to the work of descriptivist theorists on norms and the patronage system - in particular, Toury (1995) and Lefevere (1992), who shone light on the functioning of censorship within and without the literary system, and its impact on translators. The concept of censorship, frequently described as multifaceted and arbitrary, requires further research studies exploring on its interrelationships with translation. This is one of the chief contributions of this work. In order to achieve the objectives stated above, this study has been divided into five chapters: 1) Translation, Theater and Censorship, in which we introduce the main concepts used by authors who are interested in these subjects; 2) Theoretical and methodological aspects, in which we present the theoretical bases, the methodology (TRACE), and finally our own methodology; 3) Estado Novo and the main characteristics of this period (historical context, laws and decrees of censorship), the general data collected in the Miroel Silveira archives and, finally, the analysis of five plays translated and censored during this period; 4) Ditadura Militar, with the same content as the previous point but focused on the period; 5) Comparison of the two periods indicated above, in which we analyze the mechanisms of censorship and the different translation strategies that result from them.
Os estudos sobre o teatro traduzido e censurado em períodos de ditaduras são numerosos, tanto no Brasil, como em outras ditaduras do mundo. No entanto, entre esses estudos, não são muitos os que se centram nas estratégias utilizadas pelo tradutor para evitar ou driblar a censura. Situado na área da História da Tradução, o presente trabalho se interessa por essas estratégias utilizadas na tradução de peças de teatro, durante as duas ditaduras brasileiras: o Estado Novo (1937-1945) e a Ditadura Militar (1964-1985). Em cada um desses períodos, observamos mecanismos de censura diferentes que provocaram reações variadas e, consequentemente, estratégias de tradução variadas. Buscamos, assim, identificar essas estratégias em correlação com cada mecanismo de censura que as provocou. Em nosso conhecimento, não há nenhum estudo que faça a comparação desses aspectos entre as duas ditaduras estudas. Para realizar essa análise, utilizamos um corpus de peças de teatro traduzidas e censuradas durante os períodos, que recuperamos no Arquivo Miroel Silveira. Os dossiês de censura, em que constam as traduções, comentários e pareceres do censores, negociações entre os censores e os diretores, entre outros, contribuem para compreender a ação dos censores e, a partir da análise das peças, a reação dos tradutores em face da censura. Articulados com os contextos históricos, esses aspectos nos permitiram chegar à conclusão de que houve uma variação entre os procedimentos e as estratégias de tradução utilizadas em cada ditadura. Este estudo foi possível graças às contribuições dos teóricos descritivistas, particularmente Toury (1995) e Lefevere (1992), quanto às normas e ao sistema de patronagem, que ajudaram a elucidar o funcionamento da censura, fora e dentro do sistema literário, e o impacto que ela causou nos tradutores. A censura, frequentemente qualificada como multifacetada e arbitrária, ainda clama por estudos que explorem seus diversos aspectos em relação com a tradução. Nossa pesquisa, dessa forma, contribui para essa compreensão. Para atingir os objetivos propostos acima, este estudo foi dividido em cinco capítulos: 1) Tradução, Teatro e Censura, em que introduzimos os principais conceitos utilizados, fazendo uma revisão da literatura; 2) Aspectos Teóricos e Metodológicos, em que apresentamos as bases teóricas da pesquisa, a metodologia TRACE, e, por fim, nossa própria metodologia; 3) O Estado Novo e as características principais desse período (contexto histórico, leis e decretos de censura), os dados gerais coletados no Arquivo Miroel Silveira e, finalmente, a análise de cinco peças de teatro traduzidas e censuradas durante esse período; 4) A Ditadura Militar, que segue os mesmos passos do item anterior, mas focado na segunda ditadura; 5) Comparação dos dois períodos citados, em que analisamos os mecanismos de censura e as diferentes estratégias de tradução que decorrem de cada mecanismo.