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TibÃrcio, Eulimar Cunha. "Desenvolvimento de uma Interface em SIG para Suporte ao Dimensionamento HidrÃulico de Sistemas de Abastecimento de Ãgua." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2006. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=380.
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CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel SuperiorOs estudos realizados na Ãrea de Recursos HÃdricos sÃo geralmente modelos que precisam de dados fÃsicos e topogrÃficos que tradicionalmente sÃo obtidos nos mapas ou com pesquisas de campo. Recentemente, estas informaÃÃes estÃo sendo agregadas diretamente em Sistema de InformaÃÃo GeogrÃfica (SIG) devido aos avanÃos tecnolÃgicos desenvolvidos por estes sistemas e Ãs contÃnuas melhorias em modelo digital de terreno. Atualmente, esforÃos tÃm sido realizados para desenvolver interfaces em SIG que dÃem suporte ao trabalho de projetistas de sistemas de abastecimento de Ãgua e, tambÃm, constata-se a existÃncia de trabalhos com modelos hidrÃulicos aliados a SIG. Tendo em vista os avanÃos em tecnologia de software de SIG, esta pesquisa pretende mostrar a viabilidade do uso de Sistema de InformaÃÃo GeogrÃfica aplicado ao dimensionamento hidrÃulico de sistemas de abastecimento de Ãgua sob pressÃo atravÃs do desenvolvimento e aplicaÃÃo de uma interface incorporada a um SIG reconhecido internacionalmente pela comunidade cientÃfica que trabalha com dados espaciais (ArcMap) que utiliza rotinas do simulador hidrÃulico EPANET, permitindo, assim, a comunicaÃÃo entre estas duas tecnologias. Esta interface tem como importÃncia o fato de ter sido construÃda com ArcObjects (mesma plataforma de desenvolvimento da famÃlia de aplicativos ArcGIS Desktop do Environmental Systems Research Institute â ESRI); tem como caracterÃstica uma fÃcil interaÃÃo para digitalizar componentes hidrÃulicos por coordenadas, permitindo, assim, uma aproximaÃÃo de um modelo em anÃlise de uma situaÃÃo real, dimensionar componentes do sistema, fornecer informaÃÃo relacionada à operaÃÃo do sistema, selecionar opÃÃes de simulaÃÃo hidrÃulica, carregar o layout do sistema na Ãrea de trabalho do EPANET, visualizar a descriÃÃo-base do sistema, mostrar o relatÃrio da Ãltima simulaÃÃo, alterar duraÃÃo da simulaÃÃo, alterar diÃmetros de tubulaÃÃo, desfazer ediÃÃo de diÃmetros, gerar novo relatÃrio, visualizar os dados hidrÃulicos dos componentes apÃs cada simulaÃÃo, alterar componentes hidrÃulicos, mover componentes para coordenadas apropriadas, entre outros; tem como objetivo facilitar as atividades do projetista de sistema de distribuiÃÃo de Ãgua, dando, portanto, continuidade ao estudo de modelos hidrÃulicos aliados a ferramentas de geoprocessamento; tem, enfim, a possibilidade de ser continuamente melhorada para atender Ãs novas exigÃncias do projetista de redes de abastecimento de Ãgua.
The studies in water resources are models that need data gotten in the maps or research of field. Recently, these information are being added directly in Geographic Information System (GIS) due to the technological advances developed by these systems and to the continuous improvements in digital land model. Currently, efforts have been carried through to develop interfaces in GIS that give support to the work of designers of systems of water supply and, also, evidence it existence of works with hydraulical models allies the GIS. In view of the advances in technology of GIS software, this research it intends to show the viability of the use of GIS applied to the hydraulical sizing of systems of water supply under pressure through the development and application of a connected interface to the ArcMap that uses routines of hydraulical simulator EPANET, allowing, thus, the communication between these two technologies. This interface has as importance the fact to have been constructed with ArcObjects (same platform of development of the family of applications ArcGIS Desktop of the Environmental Systems Research Institute - ESRI); it has as characteristic an easy interaction to sketch hydraulical components through coordinates, allowing, thus, an approach of a model in analysis of a real situation, sizing of components of the system, to supply related information to the operation of the system, to select options of hydraulical simulation, to load the layout of the system in the area of work of the EPANET, to visualize the description-base of the system, to show the report of the last simulation, to visualize hydraulical data of the components each simulation, to modify hydraulical components, to move components for appropriate coordinates, among others; it has as objective to facilitate the activities of the designer of system of water distribution, giving, therefore, continuity to the study of hydraulical models allies the Geo-processing tools; it has, at last, the possibility of continuously being improved to take care of to the new requirements of the designer of nets of water supply.
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Daneshvar, Roozbeh. "Customizing ArcMap interface to generate a user-friendly landfill site selection GIS tool." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/26828.
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ArcGIS Desktop, one the most well known GIS packages, is designed as a scalable system that can be deployed in every organization, from an individual desktop to a globally distributed network of people. Since ArcGIS is built using Microsoft's component object model (COM) technology, it is customizable and possible to extend using any COM-compliant development language. In the present study, ArcMap v8.2, a component of ArcGIS Desktop, is customized using the built-in Microsoft Visual Basic for applications (VBA) language, to create a user-friendly toolbar, called landfill site selection (LSS) toolbar, specifically designed for preliminary landfill site selection.
Such a tailored ArcMap environment will enable engineers with different level of knowledge of GIS, to investigate and compare results of applying different criteria, constraints and scoring schemes on the final suitability map for a landfill site in an area.* (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
*This dissertation is a compound document (contains both a paper copy and a CD as part of the dissertation). The CD requires the following system requirements: Microsoft Office.
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Slobodník, Šimon. "Porovnání mapy pokrytí mobilního operátora s reálným pokrytím prostřednictvím GIS." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-226597.
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The objective of the diploma thesis is to compare the actual signal quality in selected locations with the coverage maps of the mobile operator. The places of interest with reduced level of signal strength are located in Brno and its surroundings. Theoretical part of the thesis discusses the issues of geographical information systems, GNSS technologies, mechanisms of signal propagation and mobile applications useful for surveying purposes. The practical part describes the communication with mobile operators, the process of data collection and processing the project using ArcMap software.
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Massier, Margie. "Applicability of using ArcMap to spatiallycalculate and display monthly evapotranspiration rates : An investigation using government climate datain British Columbia, Canada." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för Industriell utveckling, IT och Samhällsbyggnad, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-14308.
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Evapotranspiration (ET) is the sum of the evaporation of water from the Earth’s surface and the total transpiration from plants. Spatially calculating ET is necessary because it is a major component in quantifying a water budget, and maps provide the spatial ability to display the distribution. Geographic information systems (GIS) are a powerful and capable tool which can spatially process and integrate equations in order to quantify ET rates. Probable ET equation types that best fit with ArcMap software were investigated, and the methodology of España et al was evaluated in terms of usefulness and ease of replication, while beneficial areas for future expansion were also commented on. Interpolation of some weather and other variables, as well as the use of the raster calculator in ArcMap was the basis of the project methodology. Temperature based ET equations were selected as the best equation category, and then specifically the Blaney-Criddle, Thornthwaite, and Hargreaves equations were used to calculate potential evapotranspiration (PET) rates in British Columbia (BC), Canada. The methodology of España et al provided a relatively easy way to spatially display algebraic evapotranspiration equations. The results were compared to values of sixteen reference stations, which had been computed by the Penman-Monteith equation. PET values that were interpolated were not as accurate as hoped, however the Hargreaves and Blaney-Criddle methods produced better results than the Thornthwaite method, which resulted in underestimates. Nonetheless, the PET distribution pattern was displayed, and of use to show the areas of highest and lowest rates of PET. In order to produce more accurate values, regional or crop coefficients could be applied to calculate actual evapotranspiration (AET), but time constraints placed on the project restricted the trial of this.
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Eliasson, Benjamin, and Philip Nilsson. "LiDAR-datans möjligheter : en studie av senglaciala strandvallar i nordöstra Skåne och sydvästra Blekinge." Thesis, Högskolan Kristianstad, Sektionen för lärande och miljö, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hkr:diva-15530.
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Den relativt nya tekniken LiDAR har gjort det möjligt att undersöka och kartera landformer på ett mer effektivt sätt än tidigare. Syftet med arbetet var att undersöka hur väl LiDAR-data lämpar sig för att studera de strandvallar som finns i nordöstra Skåne och sydvästra Blekinge. Metoden har mestadels bestått av GIS-arbete i ArcMap, där vi i kartbilderna illustrerat terrängen med terrängskuggning alternativt terränglutning. Det vi fick ut från GIS-metoden har vi sedan kontrollerat ute i fält. Med LiDAR har vi fått en detaljrik bild över strandvallarna. Det har visat sig att terränglutning är den bäst lämpade metoden för det syfte vi arbetat mot. Dessa kartor har sedan gått att jämföra med tidigare forskning om hur strandvallarnas förekomst ser ut. Strandvallarna kan även kopplas till de strandförskjutningskurvor som tidigare gjorts i området. Slutligen kan vi konstatera att LiDAR är en utomordentlig metod för att studera strandvallar.
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Andersson, Erica, and Emelie Håkansson. "Development of a decision support tool for evaluation of road assistance vehicle locations." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Kommunikations- och transportsystem, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-120091.
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Förväntningarna på en väl fungerande trafiksituation med få stopp på vägarna är idag höga i Sverige. Befolkningsmängden i Stockholm ökar ständigt vilket innebär en ökad reseefterfrågan som bidrar till ett högt belastat vägnät. Vägar i storstadsmiljö med hårt belastad trafik är känsliga för minsta störning eftersom det kan innebära en stor påverkan på hela nätverket och på så sätt beröra ett stort antal trafikanter. För att minimera störningar i vägnätet bedriver Trafik Stockholm som en del av deras arbete verksamheten VägAssistans. VägAssistans är ett användbart verktyg för att snabbt lösa störningar i vägnätet och behålla en god trafikmiljö på vägarna. Ur ett samhällsekonomiskt perspektiv är det viktigt att VägAssistansfordonen placeras så att fordonet är snabbt på plats vid en händelse för att minimera störningar i nätverket. För detta krävs korta inställelsetider till områden där hög frekvens av händelser förekommer. Dessutom är det även viktigt att fordonen placera så att samtliga vägar i nätverket kan nås inom en rimlig körtid. Syftet med detta examensarbete är att utveckla ett beslutstödsverktyg för utvärdering av VägAssistansfordonsplaceringar. Syftet innefattar även att för beslutstödsverktyget utveckla en efterfrågemodell för prognostisering av framtida händelser, en körtidsmodell för att generera körtider i nätverket samt att ta fram intressanta effektivitetsmått för utvärdering och jämförelse av olika fordonplaceringar. Beslutstödsverktyget som utvecklas i detta projekt anses vara till stor nytta för Trafik Stockholm vid utvärdering av Vägassistansfordonsplaceringar i Stockholm. Dessa utvärderingar kan användas som stöd för att strategiskt placera VägAssistansfordonen så att händelser servas snabbt för att minimera störningen i nätverket som händelsen ger upphov till. En snabbare servad händelse innebär att antalet berörda trafikanter minimeras vilket leder till en minskad samhällskostnad.
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Huang, Pu. "A New Lacunarity Analysis Add-In for ArcGIS." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2016. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc849615/.
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Kihlén, Erik. "Kartläggning av grundvatten i Uppsala stad : En metod för att beräkna grundvattennivåer under ett normalår." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för geovetenskaper, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-327411.
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För att enstaka uppmätta grundvattennivåer ska kunna användas för att kartlägga grundvattennivån även i områden där långtidsmätningar saknas behövs en korrektionsmetod. Det övergripande målet med den här studien var att sammanställa och åskådliggöra grundvattennivåmätningar som inkommit till Länsstyrelsen i Uppsala län i samband med vattenskyddsdispenser. Syftet med arbetet var att undersöka hur grundvattennivån fluktuerat i olika jordarter och ta fram en metod för att korrigera punktvis uppmätta nivåer så att de speglar grundvattennivån ett normalår. Det normalårskorrigerade långtidsmedelvärdet på en viss plats ska vara detsamma oavsett om mätningarna av grundvattennivån utförts på våren, sommaren eller hösten och det ska inte heller spela någon roll om mätningarna utförts ett regnigt eller torrt år. Långtidsmätningar av grundvattennivåer i olika jordarter studerades. Fokus låg på grundvattennivåns års- och månadsavvikelse från mätseriens uppmätta långtidsmedelvärde. Utifrån avvikelserna skapades korrektionsfaktorer som adderades till uppmätta punktmätningar av grundvattennivåer. Grundvattennivåer beräknades med den framtagna korrektionsmetoden. Dessa jämfördes sedan mot uppmätta nivåer och grundvattennivåer beräknade med S-HYPE-modellen. Metoden testades även på ett oberoende dataset från Tärnsjö och implementerades på en mindre del av grundvattennivåmätningarna i och runt Uppsala stad. För grundvattennivån i jordarterna sand och grus var variationer mellan olika år viktigast att korrigera, då inomårsvariationerna var små. Grundvattennivåerna i morän varierade kraftigt inom ett och samma år vilket resulterade i att månadskorrektionen var den viktigaste faktorn. Två typer av grundvattenkartor skapades utifrån uppmätta grundvattennivåer. Kartornas utbredning täcker Uppsala stad med omnejd. Den ena kartan visar grundvattennivån som meter under markytan. Den andra kartan visar grundvattennivån som en trycknivå i höjdsystemet RH 2000.In areas where long-term measurements are missing, a correction method is required in order to map groundwater levels based on single groundwater level measurements. The overall objective of this study was to compile groundwater measurements submitted to the County Administrative Board as part of water protection permit applications. The aim of this work was to investigate how the water table fluctuates in different types of soil and to develop a method to correct particular measured point levels to reflect the water table in an average year. The corrected long-term average value in a specific location should be the same regardless of whether the groundwater level measurements were performed in the spring, summer or autumn, nor should it matter if the measurements were done in a rainy or dry year. Long-term measurements of groundwater levels in different soil types were studied. The focus was the annual and monthly deviation of groundwater levels from the long-term average. Based on the deviations correction factors were created that were applied to the point measured groundwater levels. Groundwater levels calculated with the produced correction model were compared to the measured levels as well as the groundwater levels calculated by the S-HYPE model. The method was also tested on an independent data set from Tärnsjö and implemented on a smaller portion of the groundwater level measurements in and around the city of Uppsala. For groundwater levels in sand and gravel formations, it was important to correct for the variations between years, while the variations within the same year were small. Groundwater levels in till varied widely within the same year, making the monthly correction the most important factor. Two types of groundwater maps were created from measured groundwater levels. The map distribution covers the vicinity of Uppsala city. One map shows groundwater level as meters below surface. The second map shows groundwater level as an elevation above sea level in the height system RH 2000.
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Bardaqji, Bilal, and David Rudolfsson. "Route planning for delivery trucks at Ekoparti AB." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Kommunikations- och transportsystem, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-122915.
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Ekoparti AB är ett grossistföretag som idag har cirka 480 kunder runt om i mellersta Sverige. Idag omsätter Ekoparti AB 165 miljoner kronor per år och har resurser som uppgår till 30 heltidsanställda personer, samt att man äger ett lager på 3000 kvadratmeter, varav 500 av dem är frys. Företaget har även sex stora lastbilar och två skåpbilar. På senaste tid har Ekoparti AB insett att det finns brister i distributionen mot kund. De har tagit fram två punkter som de anser vara bristerna i företagets logistiksystem. Dessa är att kundernas ordermönster behöver förändras, samt att vissa kunder avviker från leveransrutterna som går från företagets lager, samtidigt som de beställer för lite. Utifrån dessa punkter har de tagit fram ett nytt förslag för hur distributionen mot kund borde ske i företaget. Projektets uppgift blev då att undersöka de nuvarande leveranserna samt det nya förslaget och jämföra dessa två för att se vilket som blir mest kostnadseffektivt och varför. För att lösa problemet valde vi att använda programmet ArcMap som en bas för analysen av rutterna. Med hjälp av programmet kunde kostnader för att köra de olika rutterna i nuläget och i förslaget tas fram. Resultatet av analysen blir att det nya förslaget är mer kostnadseffektivt än hur distributionen hanteras i nuläget, med en minskning av kostnaderna med 614 950 kronor per år. För framtagning av resultatet används två huvudsakliga kostnadsfaktorer, vilket är tidskostnader och distanskostnader. När vi granskade resultatet var det tydligt att den variabel som har störst påverkan på kostnaderna är tidskostnaderna. Med tidskostnader menas lönekostnader för chauffören och hans medpassagerare. Dessutom tar vi även i rapporten upp att förändringen inte enbart påverkar transporterna, utan förändringarna skulle även kunna påverka andra delar av logistiksystemet, vilket i sin tur kan påverka andra delar av företaget. Slutsatsen av projektet är att det nya förslaget för rutter är mer kostnadseffektivt för Ekoparti AB än de nuvarande rutterna. I och med att tidskostnaderna utgör majoriteten av totalkostnaderna bör man för att minska totalkostnaderna ta fram lösningar som minskar den spenderade tiden vid distributionen till kunderna. Dessutom får man inte bortse från helhetsperspektivet då transportförändringar inte bara påverkar transporterna utan även resterande delar av företaget. Detta för att undvika oönskade negativa effekter i andra delar av verksamheten när man genomför en förändring
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Boström, Victor. "Lokaliseringsutredning av tankstationer med hjälp av GIS : En fallstudie av Luleå." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Arkitektur och vatten, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-63717.
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Sweden’s national goal to have all vehicles to be zero emission vehicles by year 2030 puts high demands on the infrastructure of alternative fuels. Most cities in developed countries already have a working infrastructure for conventional fuels that has been planned with regard to its unique conditions, such as traffic and population density. These conditions of a city are surely not going to change even if every car was replaced by a zero emission vehicle. Today’s infrastructure for conventional fuels is therefore suitable also for alternative fuels. Electric vehicles on the other hand takes much more time to reload than it takes to refuel a normal car, which makes service stations less suitable locations for charging them. Electric vehicles’ relatively short range (150-600 km) will most probably not affect how a city’s inhabitants move within the city. In this master thesis the existing infrastructure for both conventional and alternative fuels for public consumption is analyzed, with the purpose to improve its accessibility. The thesis is supposed to facilitate the Municipality of Luleå’s planning before establishing new service stations. The method results in a couple of proposed areas that would benefit the fuel accessibility the most, both to its citizens and to commuters of other cities. Keywords: fuel, gas station, Network AnalystSveriges mål om att alla fordon ska vara fossiloberoende år 2030 ställer höga krav på infrastrukturen för alternativa drivmedel. De flesta städer i utvecklade länder har redan en infrastruktur för konventionella drivmedel som är planerad utifrån stadens unika förutsättningar, så som trafik och invånartäthet. Dessa förutsättningar kan man med säkerhet anta kvarstår även om alla dagens bilar byttes ut mot fossiloberoende bilar. Dagens infrastruktur för konventionella drivmedel är därför även lämplig för alternativa drivmedel. Elbilar däremot tar mycket längre tid att ladda än det tar att tanka en vanlig bil, och därför är drivmedelsanläggningar inte den bäst lämpade platsen för laddningsstationer för elbilar. Elbilarnas förhållandevis korta räckvidd (150-600 km) kommer säkerligen inte att påverka hur en stads invånare rör sig genom staden. I det här examensarbetet analyseras den befintliga strukturen för både konventionella och alternativa drivmedel för publik konsumtion, med syftet att förbättra dess tillgänglighet. Arbetet ska underlätta för Luleå kommun i sitt planeringsarbete inför nya etableringar av drivmedelsanläggningar. Metoden leder till förslag på områden som bäst hade ökat tillgängligheten till drivmedel för både stadens invånare och pendlare från andra städer. Sökord: bensinstation, drivmedel, Network Analyst
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Carlsson, Tobias. "Svensk geoprocess i kommunal miljö : Metod för implementation av Svensk geoprocess geodataspecifikation i en befintlig kommunal miljö." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för miljö- och livsvetenskaper, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-55222.
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Efter ett regeringsuppdrag från socialdepartementet startade projektet Svensk geoprocess. Syftet med Svensk geoprocess var att påskynda övergången till enhetliga referenssystem och utarbeta nationella geodataspecifikationer. Enhetliga referenssystem och geodata kommer bidra till en snabbare samhällsbyggnadsprocess och en mer kostnadseffektiv samverkan över kommun- och länsgränser. Svensk geoprocess har tagit fram geodataspecifikationer för nio olika geodatateman, däribland temat byggnad. Geodataspecifikationen beskriver hur data ska samlas in, lagras och tillhandahållas för en enklare myndighetsservice. I geodataspecifikationen ingår en informationsmodell i form av UML och XML-scheman som är tänkt att kunna användas för lagring och utbyte av geodata. Syftet med denna undersökning var att studera geodataspecifikationen för byggnad och ta fram en metod för hur Svensk geoprocess geodataspecifikationer kan realiseras och skapa en databasmodell som följer informationsmodellen. Syftet var också att undersöka om Karlstads kommuns data kan anpassas till geodataspecifikationerna och leverera en GML-fil enligt Svensk geoprocess. För att skapa en geodatabas utifrån informationsmodellen har de delar som ingår analyserats, översatts och omarbetats för att överensstämma med Esri:s geodatabasformat. I programvaran Enterprise Architect har tre databasmodeller byggts upp. Databasmodellerna har nyttjats för att skapa två olika databaser i ArcGIS som har fyllts med data från Karlstads kommuns befintliga geodatabas. Databasernas funktionalitet kontrollerades genom tester. Programvaran FME användes för att skapa GML-filer från de skapade databaserna. Resultatet visar att informationsmodellen från Svensk geoprocess inte kan följas rakt av utan behöver anpassas för att följa Esri:s geodatabas format. Om Svensk geoprocess geodataspecifikation ska kunna följas fullt ut måste alla delar i informationsmodellen ingå i databasmodellen och därmed också databasen. Karlstads kommuns data kan anpassas till Svensk geoprocess informationsmodell men en GML-fil har inte kunnat skapas för utbyte av data. Metoden som användes för att realisera Svensk geoprocess geodataspecifikation ses ändå som användbar men kräver ytterligare utveckling.
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Santim, Thiago Garcia da Silva [UNESP]. "Uso de geotecnologias na análise temporal dos impactos da urbanização na sub-bacia do Córrego Sem Nome em Ilha Solteira/SP." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/98054.
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santim_tgs_me_ilha.pdf: 18665459 bytes, checksum: 8ef69010689f2306d41d9df43eef4563 (MD5)A expansão das áreas urbanas promove consideráveis alterações no uso e ocupação da terra de uma bacia hidrográfica. Estas novas características condicionam a bacia hidrográfica a um novo regime das variáveis hidrológicas. Desse modo, antecipar o comportamento das variáveis hidrológicas passou a ser o desafio dos planejadores urbanos, pois com a redução de áreas permeáveis o volume que antes infiltrava passa a escoar superficialmente requerendo espaços para ser locado. Com o intuito de locar este acréscimo problemático da vazão as pesquisas em hidráulica e hidrologia passaram a recorrer aos modelos de previsão de vazão. Aos modelos de previsão de vazões somou-se o advento dos programas de geoprocessamento, possibilitando a estruturação de bancos de dados mais detalhados. Assim, este trabalho configurou um banco de dados no ArcMap 9.2 utilizando cartas temáticas confeccionadas no AutoCAD 2000 e planilhas cadastrais sobre o uso e ocupação da terra no Excel 2003 para a sub-bacia hidrográfica do Córrego Sem Nome, localizada no município de Ilha Solteira – SP. Esta bacia hidrográfica tornou-se um caso interessante para estudo, pois além de ser de pequeno porte, área de 3,47 km², em 45 anos deixou de ser rural e passou a ser 100% urbana, sofrendo com intensos processos erosivos. A aplicação do ArcMap 9.2 na determinação dos parâmetros da bacia de drenagem forneceu uma estimativa mais acurada dos coeficiente de runoff, parâmetros da fórmula de Horton e coeficientes de Manning. O Método do Balanço de Massas foi empregado para o cálculo das vazões, a fórmula de Horton para a determinação da infiltração e o método da onda cinética para o cálculo dos tempos de concentração dos trechos a serem analisados. Dessa forma, confeccionou-se um ferramental computacional que possibilitou simulações dos efeitos da urbanização ao longo dos anos...
The urban areas expansion brings significant changes in use and land cover watershed. These new features make the basin to a new system of hydrological variables. Thus, the challenge for urban planners was anticipate the behavior of hydrologic variables because the decrease of permeable areas decreased the volume that infiltrate, increasing runoff, requiring space to be leased. In order to resolve this flood's increase problem researches in hydraulics and hydrology are turning to predictive modeling of flow. Models for forecasting stream flow added to the advent of GIS programs, enabling the structuring more detailed databases. This paper set up a database in ArcMap 9.2 using thematic maps prepared in AutoCAD 2000 and cadastral spreadsheets about the use and land cover in Excel 2003 for the catchment area of the Sem Nome Stream, located in Ilha Solteira- SP, Brazil. This basin has become an interesting case to study, as well as being small, area of 3.47 square kilometers, in 45 years no longer rural and has become 100% urban, suffering from severe erosion. The application of ArcMap 9.2 on watershed parameters determination provides a more accurate estimate of runoff coefficient, of the parameters of the Horton’s formula and of the Manning coefficients. The method of mass balance was used to calculate the flow, the Horton’s formula for determining the infiltration and wave kinetic method for calculating time of concentration of watercourses to be analyzed. Thus, a simulations tool has been concocted turning possible to know the effects of urbanization all over the years, providing the peak flow for each stage of the occupation in the runoff launch. Finally, with the peak flows determined, we evaluated the efficiency of the existing drainage system in the watershed, since it was built along with the city's projected deployment Ilha Solteira – SP, Brazil
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Pöllä, Elin. "Nuvarande utbredning och framtida spridningsrisker av arsenik i grundvattenakviferen i Hjältevad." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för geovetenskaper, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-347619.
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Arsenik är en naturligt förekommande halvmetall som orsakar stora hälsoproblem genom exponering t.ex. via dricksvatten. På grund av arseniks negativa effekter på människors hälsa sänktes den tillåtna gränsen i dricksvatten från 50 μg/l till 10 μg/l 2003 av WHO. Arsenik förekommer i huvudsak i två oorganiska former, arsenat (AsO43-) och arsenit (AsO33-), där arsenit är en betydligt mer mobil och toxisk form. Vilken form som dominerar påverkas i första hand av redoxförhållanden men även av pH. Reduktion från arsenat till arsenit är gynnsamma vid lägre pH och vid syrefria (reducerade) förhållanden. I Sverige har tidigare användning av arsenik, t.ex. vid impregneringsanläggningar, orsakat föroreningar som än idag ligger kvar. I Hjältevad i Eksjö kommun drev Televerket under 1940- till 1980-talet en impregneringsanläggning för telefonstolpar. Impregneringsvätska, innehållande bland annat arsenik, kunde spridas inom området till största del på grund av en tank som började läcka under 1960-talet. En omfattande sanering med jordtvätt genomfördes 1997. Senare kontroller har dock påvisat stadigt ökade halter. Med anledning av de ökade halterna har ett arbete inletts för att kartlägga föroreningssituationen. Syftet med examensarbetet är att utvärdera grundvattenkemin i Hjältevad genom att visualisera föroreningsföroreningsplymen, undersöka mobiliteten genom att undersöka samband mellan halten arsenik och kemiska parametrar samt göra en fördjupad analys av spridningsrisken med hjälp av Kd-värden. Data från jord- och grundvattenprovtagningar genomförda under augusti och september 2017 bearbetades med hjälp av ArcMap och Excel. Resultatet visade att låga redoxförhållanden sannolikt har bidragit till ökad spridning av arsenik vilket till stor del förekom i den reducerade formen arsenit. De högsta halterna var koncentrerade till området kring den f.d. läckande tanken, där halter så höga som 2200 μg/l kunde uppmätas i grundvattnet. Vidare visade provtagningsresultaten att mängden förorenad jord missbedömdes vid saneringen 1997 (halter på 238 mg/kg kunde uppmätas i jorden). Slutsatsen drogs att redoxförhållanden inom området är gynnsamma för att arsenik ska förekomma i den reducerade formen arsenit, att arseniks mobilitet med stor sannolikhet är betydligt högre än vad som tidigare bedömdes samt att risker föreligger om inga åtgärder vidtas.Arsenic is a naturally occurring metalloid that causes major health problems for people affected by exposure, e.g. through their drinking water. Due to the negative effects on human health, the permissible concentration in drinking water was lowered in 2003, from 50 μg/l to 10 μg/l. Arsenic predominantly exists in two inorganic forms, arsenate (AsO43-) and arsenite (AsO33-), where arsenite is a more mobile and toxic. Which forms that dominates is controlled by pH and redox potential. Reduction from arsenate to arsenite is favorable at lower pH and at anoxic (reduced) conditions. In Sweden previous use of arsenic, e.g. at impregnation plants, caused pollution still affecting soils and groundwater. In Hjältevad, Eksjö municipality, an impregnation plant for telephone poles was run by Televerket during the 1940s to 1980s. Impregnating fluid, including arsenic, was spread in the area, mainly due a leaky storage tank during the 1960s. The site was remediated in 1997 using soil washing. However, monitoring program demonstrated steadily increased levels in a well situated downstream the contaminated area. Due to the increased contamination levels of arsenic in the ground water, a detailed investigation was initiated to identify the pollution situation. The main objective was to investigate about the chemical and physical processes affecting the mobilization of arsenic. Groundwater and soil materials were sampled from the area and evaluated using ArcMap and Excel. In support of this evaluation, distribution coefficients (Kd) for soil materials from the aqvifer were obtained by leaching tests performed at oxidized conditions. The result showed that reducing conditions in the aquifer appeared to have caused increased mobilization of arsenic in the area and that large amounts of pollution was not removed at the remediation in 1997 (levels of 238 mg/kg arsenic could be detected in the soil). In the collected samples, arsenic mainly occurred in the reduced form arsenite. The highest levels in the groundwater were found in the area around the former leaky tank, where concentrations up to 2200 μg/l was measured. The conclusion was that large amounts of pollution was not removed at the remediation in 1997, and that arsenic mobility seems to be significantly higher than previously assessed and that action needs to be taken to stop the spread.
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Farcas, Florentina. "Road Traffic Noise - A study of region Skåne, Sweden." Thesis, Linköping University, GIS - Geographical Information Science Group, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-17786.
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Since the first car appeared, the pollution on the roads became an issue, which is still mainly unsolved. Too many people complain about traffic noise. Various methods have been developed that aimed at minimizing the noise pollution and improving the environment.
This thesis presents the problems posed by noise pollution, covers the background of noise pollution and its effects on human health. Another important part of the thesis covers the method of noise calculation which applies in specific Nordic countries.
The main goal of the thesis is to present maps of noise levels on roads for region Skåne in Sweden. Because the regulation and the limits for noise levels are different for different countries, I could find various calculators for traffic noise. Australia, England, USA have the noise level calculators open for public. Another professional calculator, SoundPlan, is a program that can perform a very accurate calculation for traffic noise but only for small areas. Because of this disadvantage, the request for my thesis was to provide a program which can calculate traffic noise level for wide areas. As a master student specialist in GIS (Geographic Information System) it was natural to develop the traffic noise calculator with available GIS tools.
The software system to calculate the traffic noise maps was implemented in ArcMap 9.1, a GIS program which allows creation of tools, according to a mathematical description of noise calculator. The mathematical description is based on the Nordic Prediction method, a document which set up requirements for prediction of road traffic noise. ArcMap 9.1 allows the development of extensions in different programming languages. The tools implemented in this thesis are written in Visual Basic. The thesis work implements several tools for calculating noise levels, starting from the basic traffic noise level and introducing additional noise corrections to perform more accurate noise calculation. The additional corrections could be added because I had access to additional data regarding buildings and population location. The available population data from Lund gave me the opportunity to create a tool which performs population exposure to noise in this region.
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Granberg, Maja. "Sambandsanalys över dränering av supraglaciala sjöar." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för geovetenskaper, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-448597.
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When the glacier ice melts can the water accumulate in topographic depressions to form supraglacial lakes. These evolve during the melting seasons and can be seen clearly by satellite image on the northeastern part of Greenland. These lakes are known to rapidly drain through fracture propagation. The problem arises when the water is transported down and along the bedrock, which can contribute to glacial uplift and ice-sheet acceleration. The glacier ice which floats on water is displaced further out where calving occur which results in rising sea levels. In this independent project, drainage patterns are analyzed to investigate the impact and relationship between lakes that fractures and drains. Satellite images was studied by comparing the number of lakes during a melting period in different time intervals. Images was processed with different analysis tools in ArcMap 10.7.1 in order to create maps of drained lakes. The results display a connection between where and when lakes disappear. Two clear examples are observed where nearby lakes are completely drained over one day, which strengthens the evidence of impact. Knowledge of the hydrological processes of earth’s glaciers is of outmost importance in order to predict and prepare for the consequences of global warming. The results of this project contribute to an increased understanding of lake drainage relationship and can be applied in further research.
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Sjödell, Ingrid. "Spatial Assessment of Soil Contamination through GIS Data Management." Thesis, KTH, Hållbarhet och miljöteknik, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-236774.
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Spatial data management within the environmental field has a large range of application possibilities and comes with great advantages. In this study methods and technologies for spatial data management of soil contamination has been assessed in Geographical Information Systems (GIS), in order to identify in which way spatial data applications and tools can contribute with valuable information for these type of projects. The spatial assessment has been applied on a case study site in Kagghamra, Stockholm, exposed to high levels of contaminants, arsenic in particular. Subjects that have been evaluated are arsenic contamination distribution pattern, estimation of volume contaminated soil and amount of samples needed for spatial analyses. Furthermore, two versions of an exploratory soil sensitivity estimation model based on site specific ground and landscape parameters as well as literature references have been developed. The data management included large quantities of primary and secondary data of the commination levels as well as geological and ground properties. First hand collected geophysical field data obtained from Electromagnetic (EM) and Induced Polarisation (IP) measurements was also interpreted. The benefits of using geophysical measurements in soil contamination projects has been investigated. In this case the benefits were few due to difficult measuring conditions with disturbance noise. Spatial interpolations with the Natural Neighbour (NN) technique are proven to be useful in transforming point contamination data into continuous layers. From the interpolation surfaces (arsenic distribution map) a variety of information can be extracted, such as a first hand volume estimation of contaminated soil, possibilities of reduction in amount of field sampling or to investigate statistical information and relations to different site specific ground conditions. The soil sensitivity estimation models are combined maps consisting of data layers that are relevant for the arsenic behaviour and interaction in the subsurface. Site specific Model (1) is based the data layers Soil type, Iron level, Soil depth, Slope and illustrates mainly areas exposed to high concentrations of arsenic as high sensitivity areas. The more general, literature supported Model (2) also includes Vegetation cover and Topographic Wetness Index (TWI) and is not related highly to the arsenic distribution in the site area, but could contribute with general implications of sensitive areas if applied on a another, larger site area. Efficient management of large data quantities, economic and time saving benefits from less physical sampling and good representation and visualisation possibilities of the site conditions, as a tool for stakeholder communication and decision-making are the main contributions from the spatial data management.
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Hanuliak, Radek. "Studie plánu společných zařízení v k. ú. Zálesí u Bítova." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2020. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-409728.
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The aim of the diploma thesis was the study of common facilities in the town of Zálesí u Bítova. A comprehensive land consolidation was carried out with assessment of the network of field roads, erosion ratios, drainage rates and environmental protection elements. Measures for land access, erosion measures for the protection of the natural soil fund, water management measures and measures to protect and create the environment have been proposed in the area. An analysis of the current state of the territory and the subsequent design of the measures was carried out using DMT using ArcMap, AutoCad, DesQ, USLE 2D, LS convertor.
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Sekanina, Michal. "Využití krajiny (Land use) ve vybrané lokalitě." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-227106.
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The thesis content study of land use in municipality Lelekovice and its connection with software for geographic information system. It describes processing data especially historical cadastre maps, archival aerial imagery and orthophotos which were used for analyzing of this area. Analysis were performed in software ArcGIS. Appendixes of thesis are graphs and visualization of development of study area.
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Brundage, Robert. "Implementing an archival GIS template utilizing ARCMAP GIS software and the personal geodatabase a thesis presented to the Department of Geology and Geography in candidacy for the degree of master of science /." Diss., Maryville, Mo. : Northwest Missouri State University, 2006. http://www.nwmissouri.edu/library/theses/BrundageRobert/index.htm.
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Thesis (M.S.)--Northwest Missouri State University, 2006.The full text of the thesis is included in the pdf file. Title from title screen of full text.pdf file (viewed on February 13, 2008) Includes bibliographical references.
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Palmgren, Annie. "GIS-analys av potentiella habitat för mindre hackspett (Dendrocopos minor) : En analys i Karlstads kommun." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Fakulteten för hälsa, natur- och teknikvetenskap (from 2013), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-45463.
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The purpose of the study is to develop a method that generates areas in the municipality of Karlstad that satisfies the habitat area requirement for the bird species lesser spotted woodpecker (Dendrocopos minor). The purpose is also to compare two different databases (kNN-Sweden and the Vegetation Map). Habitat area requirement for lesser spotted woodpecker is 40 ha of forest dominated by deciduous trees, which may be fragmented over a maximum of 200 ha. The software ArcMap was used to developed method to generate habitat areas, based on input from the kNN-Sweden and the Vegetation Map databases. The habitat areas were reviewed and compared by overlay analysis and compared to reported observations. Generated habitat areas from the kNN-Sweden database and generated habitat areas from the Vegetation Map database differed significantly. The format of the input data and the threshold values are probably contributing reasons of the difference. An important shortage of the kNN-Sweden database is that a buffer zone around the water surfaces at generalization has been masked off and hence the volume of mature deciduous forest generally underestimated. The number of observations of lesser spotted woodpecker within the habitat areas differed between the kNN-Sweden and the Vegetation Map that fulfilled the requirement. The Vegetation Map had 138 observations of lesser spotted woodpecker while the KNN-Sweden only had 38 observations.Karlstads kommun behöver finna potentiella habitat för fågelarten mindre hackspett, som är en förslagen ansvarsart i kommunen. Mindre hackspett behöver minst 40 ha äldre lövdominerad skog inom ett område på upp till 200 ha för häckning. Behovet kan ses som artens habitatvillkor vid utsökning av potentiella områden för dess habitat. Syftet med studien är att utveckla en metod för att finna områden i Karlstads kommun som uppfyller habitatvillkoret för mindre hackspett. Syftet är även att jämföra två olika databaser, kNN-Sverige och Vegetationskartan, vid dess användning som indata. kNN-Sverige är en rikstäckande databas med information om Sveriges skogar och dess grundformat är digitala kartor i rasterformat med en upplösning på 25 meter. Informationen i kNN-Sverige bygger på en kombination av fältdata från Riksskogstaxeringens stickprovsinventering och heltäckande data från satellitbilder. Vegetationskartan består av polygonskikt innehållande klassning av olika vegetationstyper. Underlaget för vegetationsdata är flygbilder av närainfrarödkänslig färgfilm som har tolkats och karterats utifrån dominansförhållanden hos olika vegetationstyper, med stöd från aktivt fältarbete. Med hjälp av programvaran ArcMap 10.3 utvecklades en metod som genererade habitatområden, baserade på indata från kNN-Sverige respektive Vegetationskartan. Därefter granskades och jämfördes resultaten genom överlagringsanalys och kontroll mot inrapporterade observationer av mindre hackspett. Genererade habitatområden för kNN-Sverige respektive Vegetationskartan skiljde sig åt och det genererades betydligt fler områden med kNN-Sverige. Grundformatet på indata och valet av gränsvärden är troligen en bidragande faktor till skillnaderna. Resultaten från analysen av Vegetationskartan bedöms rimligare än kNN-Sveriges resultat. För kNN-Sverige saknades även en del områden där det finns mycket lövskog, till exempel vid Klarälvsdeltat. Vegetationskartans resultat påvisade däremot att det fanns områden med mycket lövskog kring Klarälvsdeltat. En stor brist hos kNN-Sverige är att en zon kring vattenytor har maskats bort vid generaliseringen och volymen av äldre lövskog generellt har underskattats, vilket bland annat kan förklara varför inte viktiga områden kring vatten kommit med. Antal observationer som låg inom habitatområden skilde sig betydligt mellan kNN-Sverige och Vegetationskartan, inom habitatområden som uppfyllde villkoret hade Vegetationskartan 138 observationer av mindre hackspett medan kNN-Sverige endast hade 38 observationer.
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Nordin, Joel. "Utredning av lakvattnets ursprung på Brista deponi." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för geovetenskaper, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-346939.
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Utredning av lakvattnets ursprung på Brista deponiJoel NordinBrista deponi har uppvisat oväntat höga lakvattenflöden trots att deponin har sluttäckts. Före sluttäckning var genomförd förväntades flödena reduceras till 700 m3 per år från flöden på några tusen m3. Brista deponi är belägen utanför Märsta i Mellansverige.Söder om deponikroppen finns lakvattendammar som är nyrenoverade med täta dukar från vilka förorenat vatten pumpas upp underifrån dammarna. Pumpningen sker då dammduken annars bucklar upp på grund av för högt grundvattentryck. Vattnet som pumpas upp är för påverkat, av främst närsalter, för att direkt släppas ut till recipienten vilket gör att det pumpas in i de befintliga dammarna. Syftet med detta arbete har varit att utreda ursprunget till de höga lakvattenflöden som fortsätter att rinna ut från deponin samt att utreda ursprunget till de föroreningar som pumpas upp underifrån lakvattendammarna.Marken under deponikroppen har undersökts genom att geologin från flera olika befintliga undersökningar och flygfoton har bearbetats i ArcMap och lagts in i programvaran Rockworks. I programvaran har en modell byggts upp och tvärsektioner över marken tagits ut och tolkats tillsammans med grundvattenytor. Utifrån modellen i Rockworks framkommer det att huvuddräneringen under deponikroppen ligger lågt i förhållande till dräneringen runt deponikroppen. Denna information tillsammans med att deponin inte har någon tät botten har lett till en slutsats att den huvudsakliga anledningen till de höga lakvattenflödena är inträngande grundvatten.Det påverkade vattnet under lakvattendammarna har undersökts med hjälp av programvarorna SIMCA, Rockworks och genom att studera analysserier av provtagningar på vattnet som pumpas upp och vatten från provpunkter på anläggningen. I SIMCA har analysserier lagts in från olika provpunkter i området t.ex. grundvattenrör, och en principalanalys genomfördes för att hitta mönster i föroreningsnivåer. Rockworks användes för att se relationen mellan dammarna, grundvattnet och geologin. Efter sammanställning av kemin, där närsalter varit den kraftigaste föroreningen, tillsammans med analys av redoxförändring, har de olika delarna från SIMCA och Rockworks vägts ihop med kemin. Sammanvägningen gav slutsatsen att det påverkade vattnet under lakvattendammarna härstammar ifrån tiden före lakvattendammarna renoverats och belagts med täta dukar.Investigation of leachate water origin at the Brista landfillJoel NordinBrista landfill has showed unexpectedly high volumes of leachate out from the landfill even though it has been covered. Before the cover over the landfill was done, leachate volumes were expected to be 700 m3 after the cover would be finished compared to leachate volumes of a couple of thousand m3. Brista landfill is situated south of the city Märsta, in the middle part of Sweden.South of the landfill are newly renovated leachate ponds where polluted water is pumped up from beneath the ponds. The water is pumped up due to high pressure from the groundwater which makes the liner to buckle up if the water is not removed. The water is too polluted, mostly by nutrients, to be released to the recipient directly and is therefore pumped in to the ponds. The purpose of this project has been to investigate the origin of the high volumes leachate water from the landfill and to find an answer to the origin of the polluted water under the leachate ponds.The ground beneath the landfill has been investigated by putting the geology from several old investigations and aerial photos together in ArcMap and exported that information to Rockworks. With the help of Rockworks a model was build and cross sections of the soil could be produced with levels of the groundwater. From the cross sections, it can be seen that the main drainage under the landfill body is lower than the drainage that is around the landfill body. This information together with the information that the landfill doesn’t have any liner in the bottom, have concluded in the conclusion that the main reason of the high volumes of leachate water is due to groundwater intrusion.The polluted water beneath the leachate ponds have been investigated with the software SIMCA, Rockworks and by studying the test results from analyses of the water from different sample points on the facility, compared to the water that is pumped up. In the software SIMCA the test results from the different sample points, as groundwater wells, was imported and a principal component analysis was done to find patterns in the pollutants. Rockworks was used to see the relation between the ponds, geology and the groundwater. After revision of the chemistry, where nutrients were the biggest problem, together with studies of the redox change, the different parts from SIMCA and Rockworks has been weighted together with the chemistry. The parts combined led to a conclusion that the polluted water beneath the leachate ponds is derived from the time before the ponds was renovated and installed with liners.
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Santim, Thiago Garcia da Silva. "Uso de geotecnologias na análise temporal dos impactos da urbanização na sub-bacia do Córrego Sem Nome em Ilha Solteira/SP /." Ilha Solteira : [s.n.], 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/98054.
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Resumo: A expansão das áreas urbanas promove consideráveis alterações no uso e ocupação da terra de uma bacia hidrográfica. Estas novas características condicionam a bacia hidrográfica a um novo regime das variáveis hidrológicas. Desse modo, antecipar o comportamento das variáveis hidrológicas passou a ser o desafio dos planejadores urbanos, pois com a redução de áreas permeáveis o volume que antes infiltrava passa a escoar superficialmente requerendo espaços para ser locado. Com o intuito de locar este acréscimo problemático da vazão as pesquisas em hidráulica e hidrologia passaram a recorrer aos modelos de previsão de vazão. Aos modelos de previsão de vazões somou-se o advento dos programas de geoprocessamento, possibilitando a estruturação de bancos de dados mais detalhados. Assim, este trabalho configurou um banco de dados no ArcMap 9.2 utilizando cartas temáticas confeccionadas no AutoCAD 2000 e planilhas cadastrais sobre o uso e ocupação da terra no Excel 2003 para a sub-bacia hidrográfica do Córrego Sem Nome, localizada no município de Ilha Solteira - SP. Esta bacia hidrográfica tornou-se um caso interessante para estudo, pois além de ser de pequeno porte, área de 3,47 km², em 45 anos deixou de ser rural e passou a ser 100% urbana, sofrendo com intensos processos erosivos. A aplicação do ArcMap 9.2 na determinação dos parâmetros da bacia de drenagem forneceu uma estimativa mais acurada dos coeficiente de runoff, parâmetros da fórmula de Horton e coeficientes de Manning. O Método do Balanço de Massas foi empregado para o cálculo das vazões, a fórmula de Horton para a determinação da infiltração e o método da onda cinética para o cálculo dos tempos de concentração dos trechos a serem analisados. Dessa forma, confeccionou-se um ferramental computacional que possibilitou simulações dos efeitos da urbanização ao longo dos anos... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)Abstract: The urban areas expansion brings significant changes in use and land cover watershed. These new features make the basin to a new system of hydrological variables. Thus, the challenge for urban planners was anticipate the behavior of hydrologic variables because the decrease of permeable areas decreased the volume that infiltrate, increasing runoff, requiring space to be leased. In order to resolve this flood's increase problem researches in hydraulics and hydrology are turning to predictive modeling of flow. Models for forecasting stream flow added to the advent of GIS programs, enabling the structuring more detailed databases. This paper set up a database in ArcMap 9.2 using thematic maps prepared in AutoCAD 2000 and cadastral spreadsheets about the use and land cover in Excel 2003 for the catchment area of the Sem Nome Stream, located in Ilha Solteira- SP, Brazil. This basin has become an interesting case to study, as well as being small, area of 3.47 square kilometers, in 45 years no longer rural and has become 100% urban, suffering from severe erosion. The application of ArcMap 9.2 on watershed parameters determination provides a more accurate estimate of runoff coefficient, of the parameters of the Horton's formula and of the Manning coefficients. The method of mass balance was used to calculate the flow, the Horton's formula for determining the infiltration and wave kinetic method for calculating time of concentration of watercourses to be analyzed. Thus, a simulations tool has been concocted turning possible to know the effects of urbanization all over the years, providing the peak flow for each stage of the occupation in the runoff launch. Finally, with the peak flows determined, we evaluated the efficiency of the existing drainage system in the watershed, since it was built along with the city's projected deployment Ilha Solteira - SP, Brazil
Orientador: José Augusto de Lollo
Coorientador: Jefferson Nascimento de Oliveira
Banca: Paulo Augusto Romera e Silva
Banca: Sergio dos Anjos Ferreira Pinto
Mestre
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Uhl, Philip J. "A Spatio-Temporal Data Model for Zoning." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2002. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/1.
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Planning departments are besieged with temporal/historical information. While for many institutions historical information can be relegated to archives, planning departments have a constant need to access and query their historical information, particularly their historical spatial information such as zoning. This can be a cumbersome process fraught with inaccuracies due to the changing organizational methods and the extended historical legacies of most municipalities. Geographic Information Systems can be a tool to provide a solution to the difficulties in querying spatio-temporal planning data. Using a data model designed specifically to facilitate the querying of historical zoning information, queries can be performed to answer basic zoning questions such as "what is the zoning history for a specific parcel of land?" This work outlines this zoning data model, its implementation, and its testing using queries basic to the needs of planning departments.
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Borges, Manuela Alexandra Grilo Alves. "Gestão de risco em infraestruturas de abastecimento de água." Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/21935.
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Mestrado em Engenharia CivilAs redes de abastecimento de água são infraestruturas críticas essenciais às funções vitais da sociedade, da saúde, da segurança e do bem-estar económico e social que devem ser mantidas e preservadas, de forma a assegurar o seu bom funcionamento. A adequada gestão dessas infraestruturas consiste num ponto fundamental para esse bom funcionamento. Tendo em consideração a importância que infraestruturas críticas, como as redes de abastecimento de água, têm para o dia-à-dia de todos os setores da sociedade, devem ser analisados os riscos a que estão sujeitas e as consequências que podem advir desses riscos. Assim, é importante que as empresas que gerem esses ativos incorporem nas suas atividades a gestão de risco. No âmbito da gestão de risco pretende-se com este trabalho identificar as vulnerabilidades das infraestruturas de abastecimento de água, através da análise dos riscos a que estão sujeitas e identificar as medidas que necessitam de ser implementadas ou reforçadas. Nesta dissertação, começa-se por analisar que iniciativas existem que tornam a gestão de risco de infraestruturas críticas, como redes de abastecimento de água, um elemento imprescindível na gestão das empresas. Analisam-se as metodologias de avaliação de risco existentes com o objetivo de identificar as mais valias de cada uma. Como caso de estudo utilizou-se a rede de abastecimento da cidade de Aveiro composta por 15 reservatórios, dos quais 5 são elevados e 10 são apoiados. Essa rede é analisada através do ArcMap, software do ArcGIS desktop, que permite um melhor entendimento do funcionamento do caso de estudo. A gestão de risco é aplicada ao caso de estudo sendo determinada a probabilidade e possíveis consequências de seis categorias de ameaças distintas, em oito cenários, que permitem analisar os níveis de risco da rede através da elaboração de mapas de risco. Identificam-se ainda medidas a implementar de forma a melhorar a resposta a potenciais incidentes ou prevenir a sua ocorrência.
Water supply networks are critical infrastructures essentials to the vital functions of society, of health, safety and economic and social wellbeing which, must be maintained and preserved to ensure their proper functioning. The proper management of those infrastructures is a key point to ensure their proper functioning. Considering the importance of critical infrastructures, such as water supply networks, for the daily life of all sectors of society, the risks to which they are exposed and the consequences of such risks must be analysed. Thus, it is important that companies that are responsible for the management of these assets incorporate risk management in their activities. In the scope of risk management, this work intends to identify the vulnerabilities of water supply infrastructures, by analysing the risks they are exposed and to identify the measures that need to be implemented or reinforced. This dissertation begins analysing what initiatives exist for risk management of critical infrastructures, such as water supply networks, considering this as an essential element in the management of companies. Risk assessment methodologies were analised to identify the vantages and disadvantages of each one. As a case study, it was used the supply network of Aveiro city, which is composed by 15 reservoirs, 5 elevated and 10 supported. This network was analyzed resourcing ArcMap, ArcGIS desktop software, which allows a better understanding of how the case study works. Risk management was applied to the case study and the probability and possible consequences of six distinct categories of threats were determined in eight scenarios, allowing the analysis of the network’s risk levels through the development of risk maps. Measures to improve the response or to prevent the occurrence of potential incidents were also identified.
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Morton, Samuel R. "Development and Evaluation of an Aquifer Capability Screening Tool Pilot Study: Clarence-Rockland, Ontario." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/32569.
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Increased development pressure led the United Counties of Prescott and Russell to seek development of a GIS-based Aquifer Capability Screening Tool (ACST). A Pilot ACST, developed by a project partner within this study, was made for the City of Clarence-Rockland, Ontario, and consists of several maps showing delineated areas where there may be groundwater limitations in terms of quality or quantity. This study gathered the chemistry data needed for the Pilot ACST from 127 domestic dug and drilled wells. The results showed exceedances of provincial health and aesthetic standards, which were then used to delineate maps for the Pilot ACST. An evaluation of the necessary data source and sampling scale for ACST development revealed that data gathered from existing reports was inadequate for various reasons and sampling scale should be on a grid 2x2 km2 or smaller. Further recommendations were provided for future ACST development studies.
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Buonocore, Chiara. "Development of a model to choose the path of cyclists using GPS data collected via smartphone." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2018. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/17199/.
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Nowadays it is impossible being indifferent to the improvement of the urbanization and the mobility and sustainable road infrastructures.It has to be taken into account the bike as a mode of transport for many reasons such as:reduction of pollution and the emissions,safety on the road,less space and healthy.Mostly in big cities,perhaps it is the fastest mode of transport because it's not subject to traffic and its bottlenecks that block the flow.The Netherlands is the most interested country to travel by bike.It's the place where there are more bikes than cars.In recent years the availability of GPS data has seen a marked improvement in terms of accuracy,continuity and quality of data,thanks to the spread of smartphones and applications for auto-location and navigation.The main advantage is to obtain information on the travel routes actually followed by a large sample of cyclists on the entire network, from their origin to their destination.When GPS tracks can be attributed to detailed transport networks, it is possible to evaluate the factors that users consider in the process of choosing a specific route.It's important to study the choice of the route that cyclists make for many reasons.The objective of this thesis is to examine the aspects that the cyclists taking into account when they choose a route instead of another one.We want to focus on the time travelled,considering the average speed per each link and its correspondent length,and the average waiting times at the intersections:how the time influences cyclists choice. This research will investigate which aspects of the bicycle infrastructures have greater or lesser repercussions on the path made by the cyclists and to model their route choices.It will explore the link between the routes chosen by the cyclists and some attributes of the transport network of the Netherlands.The chosen routes will be compare with the fastest and the shortest calculated thanks to the network analyst in ArcMap for each OD pair.
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Koehl, Daniel Grant. "Investigating an Apparent Structural High in Seismic Data in North Terre Haute, Indiana, Through First-Arrival Traveltime Tomography and Gravity Analysis." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1559120344838085.
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Scaggs, Laura M. "A Geophysical Study of Subsurface Paleokarst Features and Voids at Ohio Caverns, Champaign County, Ohio." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1396104600.
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Meadows, Jessica Morris Natasha. "Material sustainability /." Click here to view, 2009. http://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/arcesp/1/.
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Runesson, Filip. "Ny inmatningsfunktion för Arcomas detektorhållare." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Industriell teknik, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-176481.
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Arcoma is a company that develops and manufactures X-ray equipment for hospitals. One of the most crucial components is the digital detector. Due to the high cost it is made removable so it could be transferred and used in other X-ray apparatus. The detector is placed in a so called detector holder. The current detector has a rectangular shape which sometimes requires a 90 degree rotation to match the shape of the patient. Recently a new quadratic detector has been introduced on the market which is larger than the current one. Because of the quadratic shape and size the new detector will not need the rotation. This means that the input function as well as the holder has to be redesigned to adapt. In this thesis the development of the detector holder is described. In the planning phase a product specification was developed. The main requirement was that the solution had to be purely mechanical. A guideline was that the new construction also had to be cheaper to manufacture than the current one. The methodology can be broadly divided into initial studies, concept generation, concept development and a final assemble in a CAD computer software. Three different main concepts where produced. They were evaluated using a Pugh matrix. One was then developed which resulted in a cheaper and much narrower construction than the original solution. This report was made for Arcoma to be used as a basis for their future development of the detector holder.
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Silva, Fabio Roberto Porto. "Arca russa, arca da memoria." [s.n.], 2007. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/252123.
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Orientador: Milton Jose de AlmeidaDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Educação
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Resumo: Este trabalho é uma interpretação do filme ¿Arca Russa¿, dirigido pelo cineasta Alexander Sokurov, como construção de um espaço da memória sob a luz dos escritos do autor italiano Giulio Camillo. ¿Arca Russa¿ remete a imagens literárias, imagens de um palácio, imagens de quadros, imagens de uma cidade, imagens da imaginação. Segui a própria idéia do filme que se compõe da articulação de fragmentos de múltiplas temporalidades que formam uma visão de simultaneidade histórica em uma rede de imagens e de palavras, amalgamadas no tempo contemporâneo do filme, produzido esteticamente como um único plano-seqüência
Abstract: This is a study of the movie ¿Russian Ark¿, directed by Alexander Sokurov, structured as space of memory and having regard as reference the texts of Italian renaissancist author Giulio Camillo. ¿Russian Ark¿ refers to images from literature, images from imagination, from art history, from a city. The text followed the film's dynamism and rhythm, which is set joining diferent temporalities and composing a simultaneous historical view in a network of words and pictures, all of them in contemporaneous time and taken in a 96-minute one-shot
Mestrado
Educação, Conhecimento, Linguagem e Arte
Mestre em Educação
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Link, Adam John. "Identifying Potential Patterns of Wildfires in California in Relation to Soil Moisture using Remote Sensing." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu158646328387007.
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Valès, Benjamin. "Développement d'un essai Arcan dynamique." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOU30315/document.
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Afin de limiter les impacts environnementaux, les industries du transport (automobile, aéronautique, etc.) cherchent à alléger leurs produits. Cette recherche de gain de masse peut conduire à l'utilisation des adhésifs dans la réalisation des structures assemblées. Dans les situations de crash, les joints de colle introduits peuvent jouer un rôle critique sur la tenue globale de l'assemblage. Par conséquent, la maîtrise de leur comportement mécanique devient un point clef de développement. Notamment en vue du « virtual testing », il est essentiel de disposer de lois de comportement fiables dans le but de fournir des outils de calcul prédictifs à l'ingénieur. Les travaux de thèse portent sur le développement d'une démarche expérimentale permettant de caractériser le comportement mécanique d'adhésifs sous sollicitations dynamiques combinées. Le développement d'une éprouvette Arcan et d'un dispositif de sollicitation dédiés à la caractérisation des adhésifs en dynamique constituent le coeur du travail de thèse. Après une phase de validation, le moyen d'essais développé a été utilisé afin de caractériser le comportement dynamique de trois adhésifs structuraux. Les résultats obtenus ont été comparés à des essais « structures » de type TAST. En parallèle de ces travaux expérimentaux, une ouverture sur la modélisation numérique des adhésifs est proposée. La stratégie de modélisation se base sur l'utilisation d'éléments cohésifs et d'une loi de comportement développée suivant la méthode de l'état local. L'identification des paramètres matériaux est réalisée par méthode directe et inverse à partir des résultats issus d'essais Arcan. La stratégie de modélisation développée a été transposée à des essais TAST et simple recouvrement. Les prédictions faites par les modèles sont proches des résultats expérimentaux validant ainsi l'approche numérique mise en oeuvreIn order to limit environmental impacts, the transport industries (automotive, aeronautics, etc.) are seeking to reduce the weight of their products. This search for mass gain can lead to the use of adhesives in the manufacturing of assembled structures. In crash situations, introduced bonded joints can play a critical role in the overall strength of the assembly. Consequently, their mechanical behaviour becomes a key development point. Especially for virtual testing, it is essential to have reliable behaviour laws in order to provide predictive computing tools to the engineer. The thesis work focuses on the development of an experimental approach to characterize the mechanical behaviour of adhesives under combined dynamic loadings. The development of an Arcan specimen and a test rig dedicated to the dynamic characterization of adhesives is the core of the thesis work. After a validation step, the developed test mean was used to characterize the dynamic behaviour of three structural adhesives. The results obtained were compared with "structural" TAST tests. In parallel of this experimental work, a first study on the numerical modelling of adhesives is proposed. The modelling strategy relies on the use of cohesive elements and a behaviour law developed according to the local state method. The identification of material parameters is carried out by direct and inverse methods from the results of Arcan tests. The modelling strategy developed has been transposed to TAST and single lap joint tests. The predictions made by the models are close to the experimental results and therefore validate the implemented numerical approach
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Soares, Tarcísio Andrade Pires 1988. "Estimação ótima de velocidade em radar ArcSAR com alvo distribuído." [s.n.], 2014. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/259133.
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Orientador: Gustavo FraidenraichDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Elétrica e de Computação
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Resumo: Este trabalho propõe um estimador ótimo de velocidade utilizando a matriz de covariância da função de máxima verossimilhança para radares de abertura sintética (SAR) com geometria circular, denominados ArcSAR, com alvos distribuídos móveis. Radares ArcSAR podem ser utilizados em aplicações meteorológicas na detecção de nuvens, que são modeladas como alvos distribuídos por refletirem diversos ecos. Este tipo de alvo apresenta algumas dificuldades na estimação de parâmetros por ter seu espectro não simétrico, fazendo o receptor ter um somatório de sinais refletidos. Além desse problema há ainda o ruído que descaracteriza o espectro do sinal recebido e outras complicações que os alvos móveis originam, como mudanças na informação de fase do sinal. Devido à forma de operação do ArcSAR, é necessário estimar a velocidade do alvo de forma precisa para saber a localização geográfica. A estimação do método proposto apresenta o menor erro e a maior precisão dentre os métodos já existentes na literatura. A sua eficiência é comprovada por meio de simulações
Abstract: This work proposes an optimal velocity estimator, using maximum likelihood covariance matrix, for synthetic aperture radars (SAR) with circular geometry, called ArcSAR, with mobiles distributed targets. ArcSAR radars can be used in meteorological applications for detecting clouds, which are modeled as distributed targets due several echo reflections. This kind of target presents some parameters estimation difficulties, because its spectrum is non symmetrical, causing a sum of reflected signals over the receptor. Besides this problem, the noise corrupts the received signal spectrum and there are other complications that mobile targets introduce, like changes at the signal phase information. Due ArcSAR operation, it is necessary a good accuracy on target velocity estimation to know its geographic location. The proposed method estimation presents the lowest error and the best accuracy among the existent methods in the literature. Its accuracy is proven by simulations
Mestrado
Telecomunicações e Telemática
Mestre em Engenharia Elétrica
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Langlois, Marie-Claude. "La réception critique de Putain de Nelly Arcan." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/20082.
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Nelly Arcan s’est imposée sur la scène littéraire de façon éclatante. Totalement inconnue du monde littéraire autant québécois que français, elle réussit à faire publier en 2001 son premier roman, Putain, aux Éditions du Seuil. L’attention des critiques tant universitaires que journalistiques qui y est consacrée est sans précédent : les articles de journaux, les analyses de fond, les comptes rendus et même les thèses sont nombreux à paraître. Puisqu’elle n’a jamais été entreprise, une étude de type réception critique de Putain s’impose. L’analyse présentée dans cette thèse repose sur trois axes théoriques principaux : la composante littéraire et institutionnelle, soutenue par les travaux de Bourdieu, les concepts de réception et de lecture, théorisés par Jauss et Iser, et enfin l’approche féministe, cautionnée par Lori Saint-Martin, Louise Dupré et plusieurs autres. À l’aide de ces assises théoriques, nous ferons ressortir divers aspects du premier roman de Nelly Arcan qui ont retenu l’attention selon le champ de production dont se réclame le critique littéraire, son lieu de provenance géographique ainsi que ses convictions en matière de féminisme.
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Doucet, Virginie. "La Femme-enfant suivi de L'Autocensure et le prix du dire dans le processus de création de Marie-Sissi Labrèche et de Nelly Arcan." [S.l. : s.n.], 2007.
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Melo, Daniel Araújo. "ARCA - Alerts root cause analysis framework." Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2014. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/13946.
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Modern virtual plagues, or malwares, have focused on internal host infection and em-ploy evasive techniques to conceal itself from antivirus systems and users. Traditional network security mechanisms, such as Firewalls, IDS (Intrusion Detection Systems) and Antivirus Systems, have lost efficiency when fighting malware propagation. Recent researches present alternatives to detect malicious traffic and malware propagation through traffic analysis, however, the presented results are based on experiments with biased artificial traffic or traffic too specific to generalize, do not consider the existence of background traffic related with local network services or demands previous knowledge of networks infrastructure. Specifically don’t consider a well-known intru-sion detection systems problem, the high false positive rate which may be responsible for 99% of total alerts. This dissertation proposes a framework (ARCA – Alerts Root Cause Analysis) capable of guide a security engineer, or system administrator, to iden-tify alerts root causes, malicious or not, and allow the identification of malicious traffic and false positives. Moreover, describes modern malwares propagation mechanisms, presents methods to detect malwares through analysis of IDS alerts and false positives reduction. ARCA combines an aggregation method based on Relative Uncertainty with Apriori, a frequent itemset mining algorithm. Tests with 2 real datasets show an 88% reduction in the amount of alerts to be analyzed without previous knowledge of network infrastructure.
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Ferreyros, Calderón José Guillermo, Aranda Eddy Martínez, and Montoya Fernando Zambrano. "Valoración corporación Arca Continental Lindley S.A." Master's thesis, Universidad del Pacífico, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11354/2485.
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El presente documento contiene la valorización de Arca Continental Lindley, empresa líder del mercado de bebidas no alcohólicas en el Perú, que cuenta con un amplio portafolio de productos entre los que destacan bebidas carbonatadas, aguas, isotónicos, jugos, hidratantes y otros. Gracias a que son distribuidores oficiales de The Coca Cola Company pueden vender, en territorio nacional, todas las marcas de esta corporación, siendo las más representativas Inca Kola y Coca Cola. La actual investigación contempla un análisis concienzudo de la información financiera pública registrada en el portal de la Superintendencia de Mercado de Valores (SMV); las memorias anuales de la misma empresa; los terms sheet de sus dos emisiones de deuda en el mercado internacional, y otros. También se han considerado las distintas noticias publicadas sobre Lindley; entrevistas realizadas a sus gerentes, las que circulan en los portales de Internet, así como una entrevista especial realizada por los autores de la investigación al jefe de operaciones de la planta Pucusana, planta que cubre más del 50% de la demanda a nivel nacional.
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Dufour, Ludovic. "Caractérisation et modélisation du collage structural multi-matériaux sous sollicitation dynamique." Thesis, Valenciennes, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017VALE0012/document.
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Les matériaux composites sont depuis plusieurs décennies un domaine d’innovation dans le contexte de l’allégement des structures. Néanmoins, ils subsistent encore certains points d’amélioration concernant l’assemblage de ceux-ci entre eux ou sur des pièces métalliques. Le collage dit « structural » est alors une technologie incontournable pour l’assemblage de structure multi-matériaux. L’intégration du collage dans le processus de développement et de dimensionnement des structures requiert l’utilisation de modèles numériques adaptés ainsi qu’une approche de caractérisation fiable. De plus, dans le domaine du crash (code explicite), le modèle doit être compatible avec les contraintes de temps de calcul. Ces travaux de thèse proposent de définir une démarche de caractérisation et de modélisation des assemblages par collage soumis à des sollicitations dynamiques. L’objectif final est de proposer un modèle capable de simuler des structures sous sollicitations de types crash. Pour cela, un modèle phénoménologique (modèle à l’échelle mésoscopique) est caractérisé à l’aide d’essai de type bulk. Ce modèle permet une description fine du champ mécanique au sein d’un assemblage. Ce modèle combiné avec des essais réalisés sur un dispositif de type Arcan spécialement adapté pour des sollicitations dynamiques permet une identification d’un critère de rupture intrinsèque. À l’aide de ce modèle et du critère de rupture, un élément cohésif (modèle à l’échelle macroscopique) compatible avec les contraintes de temps de calcul est identifié. Finalement, ce modèle est validé par des essais dynamiques de sous-structure multi-matériauxSince few decades, composite material is an innovative field for the reduction of structure weight. However, assemblies of composite together or with metallic part are still a challenging point. Structural bonding is an unavoidable technology for the assemblies of multi-materials structures. Within the development and dimensioning procedure, the use of bonding requires the definition of numerical models and characterization methods. Furthermore, in crashworthiness (explicit code), models must be in agreement of time calculation limitations. The present work propose to define a modelling and characterisation approach for bonding assemblies under dynamic loading. The final aim is to provide a model able to modelling multi-materials structure under crash loading. For it, a characterisation of a phenomenological model (mesoscopic scale) is proposed. This model allow a fine description of the mechanical field in the bonded joint. With test carried out with an Arcan test device specially developed for dynamic loading, the mesoscopic model is used for the identification of an intrinsic failure criteria. Using mesoscopic model and the intrinsic failure criteria, a cohesive model (macroscopic model) in agreement of time calculation limitations is identified. Finally, this model is validated through dynamic tests on multi-materials substructures
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Aoun, Charbel Chrétien Patrice. "L'indépendance de l'autorité de régulation des communications électroniques et des postes (ARCEP)." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2008. http://biblioweb.u-cergy.fr/theses/06CERG0285.pdf.
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Aoun, Charbel. "L'indépendance de l'autorité de régulation des communications électroniques et des postes (ARCEP)." Cergy-Pontoise, 2006. http://biblioweb.u-cergy.fr/theses/06CERG0285.pdf.
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En France, c’est la loi du 26 juillet 1996 qui a ouvert le secteur des télécommunications à une concurrence totale programmée le 1er janvier 1998 et qui a créé l’ART. Une autre période s’est ouverte en juin 2004 avec la transposition en droit français du ‘paquet télécom’, nouvel ensemble de directives adoptées, suite à processus de révision, début 2002. Le processus législatif de directives de 2002 s’est achevé en France le 3 juin 2004 avec le vote de la loi relative aux communications électroniques par le Parlement. Dès le début de l’année 2004, l’ART a commencé à se préparer à la prise en charge de la fonction de régulateur postal. Le législateur a ainsi par la loi du 20 mai 2005 confié la régulation des activités postales à l’ART qui devient l’Arecp (autorité de régulation des communications électroniques et des postes). L’argument essentiel avancé pour justifier la création de l’Arcep est que les opérateurs principaux-France télécom et la Poste- sur le marché restant sous le contrôle de l’Etat, ceux-ci ne pourraient être à la fois « juge et partie ». Pour assurer la crédibilité de la fonction de régulation et donner confiance aux investisseurs, il serait nécessaire de séparer les deux rôles. En plus, le procès d’intention lui est déjà fait lors de sa création de tomber rapidement sous l’influence du secteur privé. L’objet de l’étude est d’étudier l’indépendance de l’Arcep à l’égard du secteur privé, des opérateurs détenus majoritairement par l’Etat-France télécom et la Poste- et du gouvernement lui-même afin de découvrir s’il s’agit d’un problème de moyens et de garanties gratifiés par le législateur ou d’une impartialité touchant ses membres. On étudiera ainsi dans une première partie l’indépendance de l’Arcep d’après les textes. La question de l’indépendance constitue tout d’abord pour nous un problème de moyens et de garanties, elle est la bonne adéquation entre un but poursuivi et les moyens suffisants conformes à ses ambitions. Mais la volonté de créer une autorité indépendante possédant toutes les garanties et les moyens nécessaires ne suffit pas. C’est dans la pratique que l’on peut mesurer le degré d’indépendance d’une institution. C’est ainsi que dans une deuxième partie on étudiera l’indépendance de l’Arcep dans l’exercice des missions. Cependant, en raison de l’antériorité de la réforme du secteur postal, l’étude de l’indépendance de l’Arcep dans l’exercice de ses missions portera à titre principal sur le secteur des communications électroniques, télécommunications et audiovisuel. L’étude finalement de l’indépendance de l’Arcep va nous permettre de réaliser que cette dernière possède des moyens et des garanties suffisants pour l’exercice d’une activité indépendante. Mais paradoxalement, le cumul tant de fonctions, réglementaire comme répressive et sa grande liberté d’action ont déstabilisé l’institution. En effet, si l’autorité a fait preuve d’une indépendance et d’une certaine efficacité dans ses relations avec le gouvernement et les opérateurs privés, elle ne l’a pas pourtant prouvé à l’égard de l’opérateur historique France télécom par le biais de l’exercice de son pouvoir de sanction mettant ainsi en cause son impartialité et son indépendance. La seule issue réaliste et pérenne consisterait alors à rendre au juge le pouvoir de sanction dont il est le détenteur naturel et légitimeIn France, it is the law of 26 July 1996 which opened the sector of telecommunications to a total competitiveness planned on 1 January 1998 and which created the ART. Another period started in June 2004 with the transposition to the French law of the ‘telecom package’ which is a new range of directives adopted after a revision process at the beginning of 2002. The legislative process of transposition of directives of 2002 was achieved in France on 3 June 2004 with the establishment of the law related to the electronic communications by the Parlement. By the beginning of 2004, the ART started preparing itself to take in charge the function of postal regulator. The legislator has, with the law of 20 May 2005, given the regulation of postal activities to the ART which is now the Arcep (regulation authority of electronic communications and posts). The essential argument given to justify the creation of the Arcep is that the leader operators- France Telecom and La Poste- on the market still controlled by the Government cannot be both “judge and party”. It is necessary to separate the two roles, in order to insure the “credibility” of the regulation function and to gain the trust of the investors. The aim of our study is to evaluate the independence of the regulation authority of the electronic communications and posts compared to the private sector, and the independence of the operators which mostly belong to the government- France Telecom and La Poste- compared to the government itself, in order to discover weither there is a problem of means and guaranties granted by the legislator or an impartiality affecting its members. So we will be studying in a first part the independence of the Arcep according to the texts. The question of independence constitutes a problem of means and guaranties to us. It is the good adequation between a pursued target and the sufficient means that suit its ambitions. But the will to create an independent authority that has all the necessary means and guaranties is not enough. It is by the practice that we can measure the degree of independence of an institution. That is how we will be studying in a second part the independence of the Arcep in the practice of missions. However, because of the anteriority of the reform of the postal sector, the study of the independence of the Arcep in the practice of missions will mostly be focusing on the sector of electronic communications, telecommunications and audiovisual. Finally, this study of independence will make us realize that the Arcep has enough means and guaranties to be practicing an independent activity. But its big freedom of action has destabilized the institution. In fact, if the authority has shown an independence and a certain efficacity in its relations with the government and the private operators, it has not done it in relation to the historical operator France Telecom by exercising its power of sanction putting that way into consideration its impartiality and independence. The only real and perenne issue will then consist of giving back the power of sanction to the judge who is its real and legitimate possessor
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Mai, Liwen, and Zhimei Zhang. "The Freemium Business Model in Gävleborg’s Open Source Software Industry : a Case Study on ArcMage AB." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för ekonomi, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-10969.
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Aim: The aim of this study is to investigate how the “Freemium” business model works in ArcMage AB and explore what challenges will ArcMage AB as an open-source software industry face when running the “Freemium” business model. Method: A case study was adopted, and a qualitative research and face-to-face interview were used to collect the fundamental data. We use simple sentence and lots of figures to show what the “Freemium” is and what we are find to make the readers’ understanding easier. Result & Conclusions: The results exhibit that ArcMage AB is run following all 9 blocks of the “Freemium” business model. The value proposition and customer relationship are the most challenging for the open-source software industry. Suggestions for future research: Only adopting one case and one interview in the research is the main limitation. Moreover, the limited sample size limited the research in some generalisations. It is difficult to use only one case to represent the whole situation of the open-source software industry. Furthermore, a larger sample size adopted in the research can increase the reliability of the researcher’s generalization. Contribution of the thesis: This research can be regarded as a guideline to the businessman who wants to build an open-source software company in order to avoid the weakness and threats, and take the opportunities.
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Raymond-Dufour, Marie France. "Prolégomènes à l'autofiction au féminin : une lecture transpersonnelle de Putain de Nelly Arcan et La brèche de Marie-Sissi Labrèche /." Trois-Rivières : Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 2005. http://www.uqtr.ca/biblio/notice/tablemat/24610928TM.pdf.
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Aydin, Betül. "Connecting Semantic 3D Models to the LOD Cloud for Mobile Applications : discovering the Surroundings with ARCAMA- 3D." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015GREAM072/document.
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Découvrir les environs tout en marchant à l'aide d'un appareil mobile est désormais possible en associant les nouvelles technologies telles que la réalité augmentée (RA) et les services basés sur la localisation. De nombreuses applications mobiles ont été conçues à cet effet récemment. Les environs d'un utilisateur en mouvement sont présentés sur l'écran de son appareil mobile en utilisant les données de géo-localisation et elle peut interagir avec son environnement grâce à une couche d'information numérique superposée sur la scène capturée. Toutefois, la quantité d'informations géo-référencées produites et accessibles augmentant chaque jour, il y a un besoin croissant d'une approche générique qui vise à présenter l'information de manière structurée et adaptée aux différents domaines d'application et à la diversité des profils des utilisateurs.Notre travail se concentre sur la définition d'un modèle de données pour les objets 3D destiné à être intégré dans des applications de RA mobiles. Le modèle de données que nous proposons donne accès à l'information spatio-temporelle et thématique disponible sur les objets du monde réel. Alors que la réalité augmentée semble être bien adaptée pour la recherche d'informations à partir de la localisation, la plupart des approches basées sur la RA se concentre sur des scénarios spécifiques à un domaine d'application. D'autre part, le nuage des données ouvertes et liées (LOD Cloud en anglais) est un ensemble en constante extension de données structurées et publiées sur le Web. Il contient donc de grandes quantités d'informations à références spatio-temporelles qui peuvent être exploitées par les applications mobiles et présentées en utilisant la RA pour favoriser l'interaction. Dans notre recherche, ce nuage du Web des Données sert de source principale d'information au cours de l'expérience de découverte des environs à l'aide de la RA proposée à l'utilisateur.À cette fin, nous publions sur le Web les objets 3D correspondant aux objets du monde réel en utilisant notre modèle de données, ce qui permet de les lier avec le nuage du Web des Données. De fait, un objet du monde réel peut être représenté selon trois dimensions d'information : thématique (qui décrit les rôles ou fonctions de l'objet), spatiale (à travers sa géométrie 3D), et temporelle (par la période qui correspond à son existence). De plus, chaque changement dans la vie d'un objet du monde réel est représenté dans le modèle par des informations sémantiques. En conséquence, sur son appareil mobile, l'utilisateur visualise une vue de RA construite avec des modèles 3D légers et transparents. Il peut interagir avec ces objets de RA afin d'accéder aux informations relatives aux objets du monde réel correspondants qui se trouvent aux alentours et vers lesquels il pointe son téléphone mobile. Ces objets de RA permettent à l'utilisateur de construire mentalement la relation référentielle entre les objets virtuels et réels, tandis que le développeur de l'application mobile peut créer des expériences basées sur des thématiques différentes disponibles à travers sur le nuage du Web des Données (architecture, histoire, gastronomie, loisirs, etc.).En nous appuyant sur cette base de connaissances conceptualisée, nous proposons une architecture appelée ARCAMA-3D (Réalité Augmentée et 3D pour les applications mobiles sensibles au contexte), dont les modules permettent aux concepteurs et développeurs de créer leurs propres applications de RA pour différents domaines en étant en mesure d'étendre le modèle de données, de lier les modèles 3D avec d'autres ensembles de données ouvertes et liées disponibles dans le nuage, et d'alimenter ces applications de découverte à partir de sources de données spécifiques. Notre proposition est illustrée sur le cas d'étude que constitue le Monastère Royal de Brou, en France, à travers un scénario de cas d'utilisation pour un utilisateur visitant ce monument historiqueDiscovering the surroundings while walking using a mobile device is now possible by coupling new technologies such as Augmented Reality (AR) and location-based services. Many mobile applications have been designed for that purpose recently. The surroundings of the user are presented on the screen of her mobile device using the location data and she can interact with her environment through a digital information layer superimposed on the captured scene. However, since the amount of geo-referenced information increases every day, there is a growing need for a generic approach that aims at presenting information in a structured manner and adapted to different application domains and users profiles.Our work focuses on the definition of a data model for 3D objects to be used in mobile AR applications. The data model we propose prioritizes access to available spatiotemporal and thematic information about real-world objects. While Augmented Reality appears to be well-suited for searching location-based information, most of the AR approaches focus on domain specific scenarios and we observe that there is no generic data model dedicated to information search and discovery that could be re-used in various AR applications. On the other hand, Linked Open Data (LOD) cloud is an ever-growing set of structured and interlinked datasets published on the Web. It contains vast amounts of spatiotemporal information that can be exploited by location-based mobile applications and presented using AR for fostering interaction. In our research, the LOD cloud serves as a basis for information retrieval during the AR experience of the user.For this purpose, we first publish 3D objects that correspond to real-world objects (buildings, monuments, etc.) on the Web by using our data model and interlink them with data sources on the LOD cloud. Then, using our data model, any real-world object can be represented by three informational dimensions: themes (describing the roles or functions of this object), space (through its 3D geometry), and time (the period linked to its existence). Each change in the life of a real-world object is represented in the model by semantic information following the LOD publishing principles. This allows a binding between the content of our data model and the LOD cloud. As a consequence, on her mobile device, the user visualizes an AR view built with light and transparent 3D models. She can interact with these AR objects in order to access to information related to the corresponding real-world objects of her surroundings she is pointing at. These AR objects allow the user to mentally construct the referential relationships between virtual and real-world objects, while the mobile application developer can create experiences based on different concepts found on the cloud (thematic and temporal concepts, etc.). This way, the LOD cloud, as a growing and updated structured source of semantic data, becomes the main source of information and facilitates knowledge discovery in AR applications.Using this conceptualized knowledge base, we propose our architecture, called ARCAMA-3D (Augmented Reality for Context Aware Mobile Applications with 3D), whose modules allow application designers and developers to create their own AR applications for different domains by being able to extend the data model, bind 3D models with other data sources on the LOD cloud, cover a selected part of LOD and feed their application only with these specific data sources. We develop our ideas working on the case study of the Royal Monastery of Brou, in France, and implement a use case scenario for a user visiting the monastery
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Galis, Polly. "Sexuality and corporeality in the work of Annie Ernaux, Nancy Huston and Nelly Arcan." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2018. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/22713/.
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This thesis discusses the representation of sexuality and corporeality in the work of Francophone authors Annie Ernaux, Nancy Huston and Nelly Arcan, including a range of genres and drawing from their earliest publications to the most recent. It takes as its main objects of study the female body, and women's sexual development, experience and pleasure. In order, it examines the authors' perspectives on the following issues: dominant sexual discourses (mostly pornography and the media), sexual difference, the sexual representation of others (especially prostitutes and porn-stars), women's writing and the body politic. As the first comparative study of its kind, this thesis sheds light on the largely unexplored similarities between these authors' works, as well as their relevance to contemporary women's writing in French and to feminism more generally (despite evidence to the contrary). It asks: How is women's sexuality informed by dominant sexual discourses, and in what ways do the authors proffer a productive counter-narrative? How do they understand the gendered nature of women's situation, and to what extent do they resist or reinforce this? And how far does this extend to all women? Indeed, how do the authors represent other women in the first place? Finally, how do they define the body, and what is the relationship between the multiple bodies inside and outside of the text (including the authors' own)? By responding to these questions, this thesis reveals how Ernaux, Huston and Arcan's writing operates unrelentingly in the interest of female sexual and corporeal desire, remaining sensitive to the differences between women's backgrounds and experiences. In so doing, it concludes that their literature constitutes an innovative and important blueprint for more nuanced representations of feminine identity that, despite conflicting appearances, constitute a potent force against patriarchal systems and misogynist dogma.
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Yan, Jack. "Simulation Method Development of Ultra Thick Laminates: : with Cohesive Zone Method and Empirical Arcan Tests." Thesis, KTH, Lättkonstruktioner, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-48716.
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To reduce the product life cost of aircrafts, the conversion of major load bearing components from aluminium to carbon fibre reinforced plastics have been proposed. Large load bearing components require significantly thicker composite laminates than conventional. These ‘Ultra-Thick Laminates’ require studies into the out-of-plane behavioural and material properties before it can be used commercially. Cohesive Zone Modelling and Arcan empirical testing are chosen to help investigate these properties and behaviour of Ultra Thick Laminates. The Cohesive Zone Modelling method in the commercial FE-software, MSC.Marc Mentat, is validated by comparing results with standardized thin coupon tests prior to further simulation. Arcan tests are to provide material properties to improve accuracy of simulations. However, Arcan test rigs designed prior to the start of this thesis was not suitable for providing correct data and adjustments to the test rigs are needed. Alternatives to the Arcan test have been proposed and considerations of these tests are underway. Nevertheless, Cohesive Zone Modelling is applied to a realistic Ultra Thick Laminates component with the available material properties to provide context. The Cohesive Zone Modelling has shown to be accurate at predicting the behaviour of delamination onset, but the load-displacement predictions were not as accurate in the Ultra Thick Laminates component as in the Cohesive Zone Modelling validations. The sources of discrepancies in results are conceptualized and the Cohesive Zone Modelling remains a viable and potentially powerful method in delamination analysis. However, more development is required in the implementation of Cohesive Zone Modelling for larger components, such as Ultra Thick Laminates components, for Cohesive Zone Modelling to become a robust and standard analytical practice.
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Alexeeva, Svetlana Valentinovna. "Molecular physiology of responses to oxygen in Escherichia coli the role of the ArcAB system /." [S.l. : Amsterdam : s.n.] ; Universiteit van Amsterdam [Host], 2000. http://dare.uva.nl/document/83348.
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Hao, Pei. "Mechanical behaviour of woven composite under multiaxial loading conditions by using a modified arcan fixture." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Amiens, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AMIE0014.
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La connaissance du comportement mécanique des matériaux composites est un challenge scientifique mais également un défi industriel. En effet, il est crucial d'anticiper la réponse du matériau en service et en particulier l'apparition de l'endommagement. Dans ce travail de thèse, un matériau composite tissé en fibres de carbone et matrice époxy est considéré. En particulier, son comportement est étudié sous sollicitations multiaxiales. Un modèle élastoplastique couplé avec l'endommagement a été développé pour caractériser le comportement non linéaire du composite. Un procédé d'infusion sous vide a été utilisé pour fabriquer les plaques composites et une série d'essais suivant les normes ASTM a été réalisée pour obtenir les propriétés mécaniques du matériau et afin de permettre l'identification et la validation du modèle. Un montage expérimental basé sur le principe d'Arcan a été conçu afin de permettre d'étudier le comportement mécanique des matériaux composites sous chargement biaxial. Une enveloppe des contraintes conduisant à l'endommagement dans le plan (contrainte normale - contrainte de cisaillement) a pu ainsi être déterminée. Le modèle constitutif a été implémenté dans ABAQUS/Explicit en utilisant une subroutine VUMAT pour étudier l'effet de l'endommagement diffus induit par le cisaillement sur les propriétés longitudinales du matériau. Un test en deux étapes a été proposé afin d'identifier le paramètre de couplage entre les endommagements. Le modèle a été validé par comparaison avec des résultats d'essais réalisés sur des éprouvettes de traction hors axes, des éprouvettes percées et des essais biaxiaux de type ArcanA coupled damage-plastic model was developed to characterize the non-linear behaviour of a twill woven epoxy-carbon composite. Vacuum infusion process was used to manufacture the composite plates. A series ASTM standard tests were conducted to obtain the material properties. A constitutive model based on continuum damage mechanics and coupled with isotropic hardening was developed. Model identification and validation have been done with the woven composite. The full material card was obtained. A Modified Arcan Fixture (MAF) was developed to study the biaxial mechanical behaviour of fibre reinforced composites. The optimized configuration of Arcan specimen was adopted to design the entire fixture numerically in preload and load steps to avoid plastic deformation. Stress concentration factor was considered in Arcan specimen under tensile loading. Failure modes under biaxial loading show that fibres rotated towards the principle tensile direction and failure was caused by excessive stress which reached fibre limit. The ultimate shear strength corrected by considering the fibre rotation effect are in good agreement with ASTM standard results. A series experimental and numerical investigations in terms of damage accumulation and plasticity were conducted. Local multiaxial stress states with different specimen configurations under tensile, shear and biaxial loadings were discussed. Tests considering off-axis specimens with ASTM standard configuration were performed to compare with [0_/90_]3s Arcan specimens with various loading angle. A two-steps process was proposed to investigate the effects on tensile properties by induced shear damage and conducted with the MAF and [0_/90_]3s specimens, as well as for shear properties with premature in fibre direction. ASTM and Arcan specimens with different fibre orientations were examined with laminate stress strain curves. Load displacement curves of Arcan specimens with stacking [±45_]3s and [0_/90_]3s were illustrated. The coupled damage plastic model was implemented in ABAQUS/Explicit by using VUMAT to study off-axis tensile, OHT and Arcan specimens. The correlation are excellent between simulated results and experimental ones
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Parent, Catherine. "Ondées suivi de La mélancolie amoureuse du sujet épistolaire contemporain dans Folle, de Nelly Arcan." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/33351.
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Ce mémoire en recherche-création se décline en deux volets. Ces deux parties distinctes cherchent à répondre à une même question sans pour autant l’adresser directement : Qu’arrive-t-il après la mélancolie? Ondées met en scène une femme qui s’écrit des lettres en se projetant et en imaginant sa vie. Chaque lettre est inaugurée par un titre qui correspond à son sujet et est suivie d’un passage en italique qui répond à la lettre. Les lettres sont accompagnées de leur date de rédaction tandis que les réponses des lettres sont accompagnées de la date à laquelle les lettres ont été ouvertes. Ces courts textes tracent le contour de la vie de cette femme sans pour autant nous la rendre accessible. La narratrice souffre d’une tristesse qui la rend statique et, s’adressant à elle-même, elle ne fait que tourner dans un huis clos. Elle entretient un décalage avec la réalité qui la rend difficile à cerner, mais qui permet un accès privilégié à sa tourmente. L’essai La mélancolie amoureuse du sujet épistolaire contemporain dans Folle, de Nelly Arcan, envisage l’écriture de la lettre qu’est Folle comme une tentative de retenir l’être aimé. Chapeauté par les théories freudiennes, cet essai tente dans un premier temps de comprendre l’articulation de la mélancolie amoureuse dans l’oeuvre et, dans un deuxième temps, questionne les liens qu’entretiennent la mélancolie, le genre épistolaire et l’acte d’écrire.
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Isnard, Numa. "Le règlement des différends entre opérateurs de communications électroniques." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015SACLS054.
Full textAbstract:
Le règlement de différends dans le secteur des communications électroniques est un mécanisme quasi-juridictionnel particulier, à mi-chemin entre droit public et droit privé. Mis en œuvre au sein de l’ARCEP, régulateur sectoriel sous le statut d’autorité administrative indépendante, ce mécanisme, qui s’est progressivement structuré et ouvert au fil du temps, produit néanmoins un contentieux spécialisé. En effet, il ne concerne en pratique que les seuls opérateurs réglementairement qualifiés et a pour objet la défense d’un droit économique : l’accès, matérialisé par le droit à l’interconnexion. Cet accès aux réseaux des opérateurs en présence est vital pour le développement et le maintien d’un marché ouvert et atomisé. Dès lors, l’intérêt d’une étude approfondie sur le règlement de différends dans le secteur des télécommunications est multiple. D’abord, les protagonistes du contentieux évoluent : avec la redéfinition actuelle du statut d’opérateur par l’émergence des collectivités locales (Article L1425-1 CGCT) et l’irruption plus récente d’acteurs utilisant la couche supérieure du réseau (i.e. diffusant seulement du contenu, appelés OTT, pour over-the-top). Puis, la procédure élaborée par le législateur interroge : pourquoi impliquer une personne publique dans des négociations commerciales entre personnes privées ? La dualité du contentieux, oscillant apparemment entre contentieux public en première instance et contentieux privé pour l’appel ne fait que renforcer un peu plus cette singularité qu’il convient d’analyser plus avant. De plus, avec un marché en consolidation et une Europe en intégration, du moins économiquement, la question de l’avenir d’un tel mécanisme se pose, dont la plus récente réforme inclut désormais de possibles cas de contentieux communautaires, avec la participation du BEREC comme organe consultatif. Enfin, notons une place importante accordée aux témoignages et aux expériences de celles et ceux qui font vivre ce contentieux, constituant une tentative d’apporter un éclairage de sociologie juridique à cette étude, entre théorie et pratique d’un contentieux particulier de la régulationDispute resolution is a very specific legal tool, mixing private and public legal elements. The ARCEP, the National Regulatory Authority in France is in charge to regulate the sector and has the power to litigate disputes about interconnection or access. Established in 1996, the ARCEP developed a certain practice of this type of disputes, elaborating a specialized litigation to enforce the right to interconnection, granted by European laws. Such a right is vital for operators in order for them to be able to compete with the incumbent. Consequently, efficiently resolving every dispute to keep market competitive is crucial. Studying such a mechanism has several interests. Firstly, the very concept of operator evolves. Local authorities now have the ability to intervene and deploy networks available for other operators and even the public. More, over-the-top actors providing content services on the Internet have an increasing impact on the networks and they are now competing operators on telecommunications services. Secondly, the procedure is debatable: how a public body can intervene on commercial contracts? As France has a bi-jurisdictional order, splitting courts between private law and administrative law, dispute resolution changes this traditional way, making administrative decisions appealed at the Cour d’Appel de Paris. Lastly, the growing scaling up of the market, from national to European level, questions the ability of ARCEP’s mechanism to evolve.Using a mixed method, combining theoretical and practical approach, we aim to explain how this specific way to make regulation is a real asset for competition