Academic literature on the topic 'Arctic phytoplankton'

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Journal articles on the topic "Arctic phytoplankton"

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Park, Jong-Yeon, Jong-Seong Kug, Jürgen Bader, Rebecca Rolph, and Minho Kwon. "Amplified Arctic warming by phytoplankton under greenhouse warming." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 112, no. 19 (2015): 5921–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1416884112.

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Phytoplankton have attracted increasing attention in climate science due to their impacts on climate systems. A new generation of climate models can now provide estimates of future climate change, considering the biological feedbacks through the development of the coupled physical–ecosystem model. Here we present the geophysical impact of phytoplankton, which is often overlooked in future climate projections. A suite of future warming experiments using a fully coupled ocean−atmosphere model that interacts with a marine ecosystem model reveals that the future phytoplankton change influenced by
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Coupel, P., H. Y. Jin, M. Joo, et al. "Phytoplankton distribution in unusually low sea ice cover over the Pacific Arctic." Biogeosciences 9, no. 11 (2012): 4835–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-9-4835-2012.

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Abstract. A large part of the Pacific Arctic basin experiences ice-free conditions in summer as a result of sea ice cover steadily decreasing over the last decades. To evaluate the impact of sea ice retreat on the marine ecosystem, phytoplankton in situ observations were acquired over the Chukchi shelf and the Canadian basin in 2008, a year of high melting. Pigment analyses and taxonomy enumerations were used to characterise the distribution of main phytoplanktonic groups. Marked spatial variability of the phytoplankton distribution was observed in summer 2008. Comparison of eight phytoplankto
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Waga, Hisatomo, Hajo Eicken, Toru Hirawake, and Yasushi Fukamachi. "Variability in spring phytoplankton blooms associated with ice retreat timing in the Pacific Arctic from 2003–2019." PLOS ONE 16, no. 12 (2021): e0261418. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0261418.

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The Arctic is experiencing rapid changes in sea-ice seasonality and extent, with significant consequences for primary production. With the importance of accurate monitoring of spring phytoplankton dynamics in a changing Arctic, this study further examines the previously established critical relationship between spring phytoplankton bloom types and timing of the sea-ice retreat for broader temporal and spatial coverages, with a particular focus on the Pacific Arctic for 2003–2019. To this end, time-series of satellite-retrieved phytoplankton biomass were modeled using a parametric Gaussian func
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Randelhoff, Achim, Léo Lacour, Claudie Marec, et al. "Arctic mid-winter phytoplankton growth revealed by autonomous profilers." Science Advances 6, no. 39 (2020): eabc2678. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abc2678.

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It is widely believed that during winter and spring, Arctic marine phytoplankton cannot grow until sea ice and snow cover start melting and transmit sufficient irradiance, but there is little observational evidence for that paradigm. To explore the life of phytoplankton during and after the polar night, we used robotic ice-avoiding profiling floats to measure ocean optics and phytoplankton characteristics continuously through two annual cycles in Baffin Bay, an Arctic sea that is covered by ice for 7 months a year. We demonstrate that net phytoplankton growth occurred even under 100% ice cover
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Barinova, Sophia, Viktor Gabyshev, and Olga Gabysheva. "Phytoplankton in the Ecological Assessment of the Mining Facilities Influence on the Anabar River in the Permafrost Zone of the Arctic, Eastern Siberia, Russia." Land 12, no. 9 (2023): 1775. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land12091775.

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In modern conditions of climate change and increased anthropogenic pressure on aquatic ecosystems, the study of the diversity of organisms in the Arctic has become a top priority. Our study continues a series of studies on the biodiversity of Arctic rivers. Using innovative methods, such as ecological mapping, statistics, and bioindication, we identify environmental factors that influence phytoplankton diversity in the river basin under study. For the Anabar Arctic River, an increase in the diversity of phytoplankton was found to the north towards the mouth of the river, which is associated wi
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Daase, Malin, Stig Falk-Petersen, Øystein Varpe, et al. "Timing of reproductive events in the marine copepod Calanus glacialis: a pan-Arctic perspective." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 70, no. 6 (2013): 871–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2012-0401.

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The timing of reproductive events of Calanus glacialis is closely coupled to the two major marine primary production events in the Arctic: the ice algal and phytoplankton blooms. Reproductive strategies vary between different physical and biological environments of the European and Canadian Arctic. In the Canadian Beaufort Sea and the high Arctic Rijpfjorden on Svalbard, C. glacialis utilized the ice algae bloom to fuel spawning in spring, while growth and development of the new generation was primarily supported by the phytoplankton bloom. In the predominantly ice-free Arctic Kongsfjorden (Sv
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Kvernvik, AC, CJM Hoppe, M. Greenacre, et al. "Arctic sea ice algae differ markedly from phytoplankton in their ecophysiological characteristics." Marine Ecology Progress Series 666 (May 20, 2021): 31–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/meps13675.

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Photophysiological and biochemical characteristics were investigated in natural communities of Arctic sea ice algae and phytoplankton to understand their respective responses towards variable irradiance and nutrient regimes. This study revealed large differences in photosynthetic efficiency and capacity between the 2 types of algal assemblages. Sea ice algal assemblages clearly displayed increased photoprotective energy dissipation under the highest daily average irradiance levels (>8 µmol photons m-2 s-1). In contrast, phytoplankton assemblages were generally light-limited within the same
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Coupel, P., A. Matsuoka, D. Ruiz-Pino, et al. "Pigment signatures of phytoplankton communities in the Beaufort Sea." Biogeosciences Discussions 11, no. 10 (2014): 14489–530. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bgd-11-14489-2014.

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Abstract. Phytoplankton are expected to respond to recent environmental changes of the Arctic Ocean. In terms of bottom-up control, modifying the phytoplankton distribution will ultimately affect the entire food web and carbon export. However, detecting and quantifying change in phytoplankton communities in the Arctic Ocean remains difficult because of the lack of data and the inconsistent identification methods used. Based on pigment and microscopy data sampled in the Beaufort Sea during summer 2009, we optimized the chemotaxonomic tool CHEMTAX for the assessment of phytoplankton community co
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Sharov, Andrey N. "Phytoplankton of cold-water lake ecosystems under the influence of natural and anthropogenic factors." Issues of modern algology (Вопросы современной альгологии), no. 1(25) (2021): 42–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.33624/10.33624/2311-0147-2021-1(21)-42-49.

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Based on the study of the spatio-temporal aspects of the development of phytoplankton in the lakes of the North and North-West of the European territory of Russia (large lakes – Imandra, Onega and Chudsko-Pskovskoye and small lakes of the Arctic and Subarctic), the features of its structure and dynamics under the influence of natural and anthropogenic factors (eutrophication, heavy metal pollution, acidification, thermification). The species composition and quantitative characteristics of phytoplankton of large lakes of the North of Russia, small arctic lakes and lakes of subarctic regions are
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Sharov, Andrey N. "Phytoplankton of cold-water lake ecosystems under the influence of natural and anthropogenic factors." Issues of modern algology (Вопросы современной альгологии), no. 1(25) (2021): 42–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.33624/10.33624/2311-0147-2021-1(25)-42-49.

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Based on the study of the spatio-temporal aspects of the development of phytoplankton in the lakes of the North and North-West of the European territory of Russia (large lakes – Imandra, Onega and Chudsko-Pskovskoye and small lakes of the Arctic and Subarctic), the features of its structure and dynamics under the influence of natural and anthropogenic factors (eutrophication, heavy metal pollution, acidification, thermification). The species composition and quantitative characteristics of phytoplankton of large lakes of the North of Russia, small arctic lakes and lakes of subarctic regions are
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Arctic phytoplankton"

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Butler, Joanne Elizabeth. "Phytoplankton ecology in a high arctic polynya." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/25080.

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Primary production was studied in Fram Sound, part of the Hell Gate-Cardigan Strait polynya, from June to August, 1982. Primary production rates, phytoplankton biomass (chlorophyll α), and water transparency were measured and used in conjunction with modelled solar radiation values to numerically model primary production during this time. The major phytoplankton nutrients were also measured. Early season chlorophyll α concentrations were low, and the increased light availability due to reduced ice cover in this area did not appear to enhance early season production. Chlorophyll concentrations
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Jackson, Thomas. "Phytoplankton community structure, photophysiology and primary production in the Atlantic Arctic." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2013. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:a4de300a-992d-4f22-bb7e-16a1225fc810.

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The Arctic is a region undergoing unprecedented and unequivocal climate change. The seas of this extreme region form a major component of the oceanic thermohaline conveyor and natural carbon cycle. Using a combination of recent and historical datasets this study examines the distribution, diversity, photophysiology and primary productivity of phytoplankton in the Atlantic sector of the Arctic Ocean. CHEMTAX analysis reveals a diverse phytoplankton community structure in the Greenland Sea comprising six main phytoplankton groups. The influence of sea-ice and water column stratification are key
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Li, Jingxuan. "Particulate trace metals & iron availability to phytoplankton in a changing Arctic Ocean." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/62119.

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This thesis, focusing on the Canadian Arctic Ocean, investigates the cycling of particulate trace metals, and the bioavailability of iron to phytoplankton in this rapidly changing ocean. Full depth profiles of particulate Al, Cd, Pb, P, V, Mn, Fe, Co, Cu, Zn and Ba were determined. Trace elements displayed various vertical distributions. Firstly, some elements had a strong lithogenic component (Al, Fe and V), and were characterized by a maximum at the surface. Indeed, their concentrations strongly correlated with each other across basins. Secondly, elements with a significant biogenic componen
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Tuschling, Kirsten. "Zur Ökologie des Phytoplanktons im arktischen Laptevmeer : ein jahreszeitlicher Vergleich = Phytoplankton ecology in the arctic Laptev Sea : a comparison of three seasons /." Bremerhaven : Alfred-Wegener-Inst. für Polar- und Meeresforschung, 2000. http://www.gbv.de/dms/bs/toc/309744024.pdf.

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Schuback, Nina. "On the light and iron dependent coupling of carbon fixation and photosynthetic electron transport in Arctic and Subarctic marine phytoplankton." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/59198.

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Marine phytoplankton primary productivity, the photosynthetic conversion of CO₂ into organic carbon by microscopic photosynthetic algae in the surface ocean, plays a fundamental role in ecosystem dynamics and global biogeochemical cycles. Consequently, the ability to accurately measure, monitor and predict environmental influences on this process over a range of spatial and temporal scales is crucial. The work presented in this thesis evaluates the application of fast repetition rate fluorometry (FRRF) for instantaneous, high resolution estimates of phytoplankton primary productivity. Results
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Triglav, Katherine. "The under-ice dynamics of High Arctic lakes : the importance of physicochemical interactions with phytoplankton and bacterial communities in Stuckberry Valley, Ellesmere Island." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/70382.

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Même les écosystèmes les plus nord du monde ont été affectés par le réchauffement climatique et les lacs de l'Extrême-Arctique ne font pas exception. L'île d'Ellesmere est à la limite nord du Canada et des changements de régime vers des taxons associés à des saisons de croissance plus longues ont déjà été documentés dans les lacs de cette région. La côte nord de l'île d'Ellesmere est dans une région pour laquelle on prévoit le plus grand réchauffement annuel au cours des 80 prochaines années. Il est donc impératif de comprendre le fonctionnement des lacs côtiers sensibles avant que d'autres ch
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Schmid, Moritz. "The race for lipids : ontogeny of the fine-scale vertical co-distribution of arctic calanoid copepods and their phytoplankton food as elucidated by artificial intelligence coupled with an imaging profiler." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/27779.

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Le broutage du phytoplancton par les copépodes arctiques effectue le transfert d’énergie des producteurs primaires vers les niveaux trophiques supérieurs. Les interactions prédateur-proie entre le phytoplancton et le zooplancton dans la colonne d’eau sont toutefois difficiles à étudier puisque l’échantillonnage du zooplancton se fait généralement à l’aide de filets qui stratifient grossièrement la colonne d’eau. La détermination des paramètres physiologiques chez les copépodes, tels que le contenu lipidique, se fait aussi à une résolution verticale grossière. Pour pallier cette limite, ce proj
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Dadaglio, Laëtitia. "Dynamique des communautés bactériennes en réponse au bloom phytoplanctonique dans l’océan Arctique et identification des acteurs microbiens impliqués dans la dégradation de la matière organique." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUS488.

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Le réchauffement climatique conduit à une diminution drastique de l’étendue et de l’épaisseur de la banquise entrainant un allongement et une intensification du bloom phytoplanctonique Arctique. L’augmentation de la production primaire pourrait modifier le fonctionnement de cet écosystème ainsi que les communautés bactériennes (CB) impliquées dans la dégradation de la matière organique (MO). Les objectifs de cette thèse étaient (1) de décrire la dynamique spatiale et temporelle in situ des CB lors du développement du bloom ; et (2) d’identifier expérimentalement les acteurs bactériens responsa
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Wrohan, Ian A. "Phytoplankton production and biomass in Arctic and sub-Arctic marine waters during the summers of 2007 and 2008." Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1828/3578.

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During the summers of 2007 and 2008, we determined net, new and regenerated primary production and phytoplankton biomass in Arctic and Sub-Arctic marine waters around North America. Carbon and nitrogen uptake rates were measured using the 15N and 13C tracer technique in 24-hr on-deck incubations, and phytoplankton biomass was determined by in vitro fluorometry. Average net primary production was highest in the north Bering and south Chukchi Seas (998 mg C m-2 d-1) and defined as primarily new production (f-ratio of 0.57), potentially indicating high particulate export from surface waters. Phyt
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Marshall, Lucianne M. "Progression of marine phytoplankton blooms and environmental dynamics from sea-ice coverage to open waters in the coastal Arctic: comparing experimental data with continuous cabled observations." Thesis, 2018. https://dspace.library.uvic.ca//handle/1828/10131.

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In this thesis, I present a unique temporal study of phytoplankton, nutrient and environmental dynamics that focussed on the transitional period between sea-ice cover conditions and open waters in a coastal inlet of the Canadian Arctic during 2016. I also compared the 2016 experimental data with continuous observations made by the Ocean Networks Canada (ONC) underwater observatory. Surface seawater sampling was conducted in Cambridge Bay with high temporal resolution from June 16 to August 3, to measure phytoplankton carbon and nitrate utilisation, silica production, phytoplankton biomass, phy
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Books on the topic "Arctic phytoplankton"

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Tuschling, Kirsten. Zur Ökologie des Phytoplanktons im arktischen Laptevmeer: Ein jahreszeitlicher Vergleich = Phytoplankton ecology in the Arctic Laptev Sea : a comparison of three seasons. Alfred-Wegener-Institut für Polar- und Meeresforschung, 2000.

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Johansen, Bruce E. Global Warming in the 21st Century. Praeger, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9798400657931.

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Evidence of rising temperatures, melting ice, rising sea levels, and damage to flora and fauna on land and in the oceans has been accumulating for several decades. Scientific bodies around the world have traced this trend to increasing levels of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, most of it attributable to the consumption of fossil fuels. Despite the evidence, political debate still rages over the existence of global warming.Global Warming in the 21st Centuryprovides a detailed review of the accumulating evidence of global warming, from the Arctic and Antarctic to the
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Book chapters on the topic "Arctic phytoplankton"

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Heimdal, B. R. "Arctic Ocean Phytoplankton." In The Arctic Seas. Springer US, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-0677-1_7.

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Tripathy, Sarat Chandra. "Bio-Optical Characteristics in Relation to Phytoplankton Composition and Productivity in a Twin Arctic Fjord Ecosystem during Summer." In Climate Change in the Arctic. CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003265177-13.

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van Donk, E., B. A. Faafeng, H. J. de Lange, and D. O. Hessen. "Differential sensitivity to natural ultraviolet radiation among phytoplankton species in Arctic lakes (Spitsbergen, Norway)." In Responses of Plants to UV-B Radiation. Springer Netherlands, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-2892-8_23.

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Helbling, E. W., and V. E. Villafañe. "UV Radiation Effects on Phytoplankton Primary Production: A Comparison Between Arctic and Antarctic Marine Ecosystems." In Ecological Studies. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-56075-0_10.

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MOIGNE, FRÉDÉRIC A. C. LE, ALEX J. POULTON, STEPHANIE A. HENSON, et al. "chapter 7 Carbon Export Efficiency and Phytoplankton Community Composition in the Atlantic Sector of the Arctic Ocean." In Climate Change and the Oceanic Carbon Cycle. Apple Academic Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315207490-8.

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Pozdnyakov, Dmitry, DanLing Tang, Leonid Bobylev, et al. "A Pilot Satellite-Based Investigation of the Impact of a Deep Polar Cyclone Propagation on the Phytoplankton Chlorophyll Spatial and Temporal Dynamics in the Arctic Ocean." In Typhoon Impact and Crisis Management. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-40695-9_11.

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Pautova, L. A. "Phytoplankton of the Вarents sea." In THE BARENTS SEA SYSTEM. Shirshov Institute of Oceanology Publishing House, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.29006/978-5-6045110-0-8/(25).

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On the basis of the analysis of summer plankton phytocenosis structure, 4 areas representing various stages of a succession cycle are allocated for water areas of the Barents Sea. In the most productive places of the water area the level of phytoplankton growth corresponded to indicators of mesotrophic-eutrophic waters and was maximum in the northern area. Concentration of phosphates was the main regulator of bloom of coccolithophore Emilianiahuxleyi, besides water temperature. The presence in the modern plankton phytoсenosis structure in the northern part of sea (80ºN) of the Atlantic species
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Levinton, Jeffrey S. "Polar Marine Biology." In Marine Biology. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/hesc/9780197543504.003.0026.

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This chapter explores polar marine biology. Polar ecosystems are influenced by strong seasonality, especially of ice cover. Also, a diverse phytoplankton assemblage fuels the polar food webs. Carnivores exert top-down effects, so overfishing of carnivores has had strong effects on polar food webs. The chapter considers the impact of climate change and ocean warming on the organization of polar ecosystems. It examines the food webs and the impact of climate change within Arctic marine systems and Antarctic marine systems. Global climate change is decreasing summer ice cover in the Arctic, so ma
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Conference papers on the topic "Arctic phytoplankton"

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Kuo, Nan-Jung, Chung-Ru Ho, Shih-Jen Huang, and Yao-Tsai Lo. "Detecting the Phytoplankton Bloom From Satellite Images." In ASME 2011 30th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2011-50109.

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Phytoplankton is the base of the marine food web. However, the phytoplankton bloom may deplete the dissolved oxygen and shade aquatic life, and even damages the marine environment. In this study, the satellite-derived sea surface chlorophyll-a concentration (Chl-a) and sea surface temperature (SST) are considered to examine the behavior of the phytoplankton bloom in the sea around the western side of the Luzon Strait in the northeastern South China Sea (SCS). Meanwhile, the related sea surface wind (SSW) is also included to understand the possible mechanism to induce the high Chl-a plume aroun
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Erdmann, J. C., and J. M. Saint Clair. "Model of lidar backscatter from multilayered sea ice." In OSA Annual Meeting. Optica Publishing Group, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oam.1986.wg20.

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Environmental conditions make in situ measurements of the optical properties of the Arctic Ocean difficult. Remote, rapid sensing of the optical properties of sea ice is possible from under ice ROVs (remotely operated vehicles). The application of lidar techniques requires modeling of both the lidar system and sea ice. We present progress in developing such a model, which includes the time-dependent backscattered signal incorporating multiple scattering effects via a Monte Carlo technique. The sea ice optical properties are based on recent experimental and theoretical results for the scatterin
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Sato, Toru, Kentaro Mizumukai, Chun-ju Lin, Shigeru Tabeta, and Daisuke Kitazawa. "Predictions of Ecological Effects of Artificial Upwelling in Semi-Enclosed Bay and Enclosed Lake." In ASME 2009 28th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2009-79687.

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An apparatus, which mixes waters in upper and lower layers in density stratification and discharges the mixture at the middle depth, has made a remarkable success in enhancing water quality for ecosystems in a small semi-enclosed bay and an enclose lake in Japan. In this study, we conducted numerical simulations by using a three-dimensional tidal current model and an ecosystem model to predict the effects of the apparatus in two different waters: a larger semi-enclosed bay and an enclosed lake. Isahaya Bay in Ariake Sea was chosen as the former case to see how effectively the apparatus can red
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Reports on the topic "Arctic phytoplankton"

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Limoges, A., A. Normandeau, J. B R Eamer, et al. 2022William-Kennedy expedition: Nunatsiavut Coastal Interaction Project (NCIP). Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/332085.

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The accelerating Arctic cryosphere decline severely impacts the land on which northern communities live through the presence of coastal and marine geohazards and coastal erosion, which further places the cultural heritage of coastal archaeological sites at risks. Sea ice decline also compromises the formation of polynyas, with unknown consequences for the regional ecosystems. From the 10th to the 18th of July 2022, a scientific cruise onboard the research vessel William-Kennedy allowed the collection of a suite of samples and data from the marine coastal environment of Nain, Nunatsiavut. In to
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