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1

Li, Peng, Di Liu, Xin Xia, and Simone Baldi. "ADArduPilot: an ArduPilot compatible adaptive autopilot⋆." IFAC-PapersOnLine 56, no. 2 (2023): 8097–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ifacol.2023.10.964.

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Naman, Garg, Pandey Nikita, Gupta Om, Sharma Uday, Asim Husain Agha, and Kumar Navneet. "Embedded System based Quadcopter using Ardupilot." International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology 7, no. 5 (2022): 1570–73. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6787396.

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The main aim of our project is to build a fully autonomous Drone that is capable of transporting boxes of a particular weight and size from one place to another. Our project focuses on reducing human efforts for controlling an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle(UAV).We have first developed and deployed our application in a simulator and then we made the Hardware which fulfils our Requirements, this is to make the most efficient use of our development time and effort.We have developed certain python algorithms which can control the whole drone and accurately processing location of the box to grab it accur
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Kikutis, Ramūnas, and Darius Rudinskas. "ERROR ANALYSIS OF INS ARRANGED IN ARDUPILOT MEGA / „ARDUPILOT MEGA“ AUTOPILOTO INERCINIO NAVIGACIJOS ĮRENGINIO PAKLAIDŲ ANALIZĖ." Mokslas - Lietuvos ateitis 4, no. 4 (2012): 408–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/mla.2012.66.

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Inertial navigation systems (INS) are widely used for controlling piloted or unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV). Automatic control equipment with INS has error budget making a huge impact on the accuracy of UAV navigation. The paper analyzes INS errors and types of errors. Experiments have been done using small UAV. Santrauka Inerciniai navigacijos įrenginiai (INS) plačiai naudojami pilotuojamuose ir nepilotuojamuose orlaiviuose. Nepilotuojamo orlaivio skrydžio tikslumui didelę įtaką turi orlaivio automatinio valdymo sistemos įrenginių paklaidos. Tyrime nagrinėjamas nepilotuojamas orlaivis, kurio
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Nguyen, Quang Anh, Emmanuel Grolleau, and Hieu Khanh Ngo. "Results and comparision between different control algorithms for a quadrotor using ArduPilot framework." Science and Technology Development Journal 18, no. 4 (2015): 170–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.32508/stdj.v18i4.1003.

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Determining the most suitable control algorithm for a system is not an easy task. In theory, each controller has its own advantages and disadvantages comparing to the others. However, in the real world, the behavior of the controller also depends on many other factors such as the calculating ability of the control board, the accuracy of the sensors, the way the hardware communicate with the others, etc. In order to find the pros and cons of each control algorithm in the real world, each of them has to be tested and then comparing their results. This article presents a simple way to test the be
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Anto, Adhy Febry, and Totok Sukardiyono. "Prototype Autonomous Rover Pembersih Sampah Pantai menggunakan ArduPilot." Elinvo (Electronics, Informatics, and Vocational Education) 4, no. 2 (2019): 202–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.21831/elinvo.v4i2.28793.

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Indonesia has the second longest coastline in the world. On the other hand, Indonesia is the second largest contributor to marine waste in the world. Coastal cleanliness needs to be maintained so that it becomes an attraction for tourism and to protect the marine ecosystem. This article describes the results of testing devices that can be used to clean beaches. Research carried out by the development method. An autonomous beach garbage cleaning rover is a beach trash sweeper robot equipped with GPS, compass, telemetry, ArduPilot as a navigation and communication system when the robot operates.
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Pita, Javier Losada, and Félix Orjales Saavedra. "UAV Trajectory Management: Ardupilot Based Trajectory Management System." Proceedings 21, no. 1 (2019): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2019021008.

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In this paper we explain the structure and development of a trajectory management system on board a UAV capable to achieve complex trajectories and versatile to adapt disturbances during flight. This system is built in Python and runs in a companion computer on board the UAV while maintains communication with a ground station over a radio link.
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7

Myasishchev, A. A., V. V. Ovcharukк, and E. S. Lenkov. "DESIGN OF AIRCRAFT UAV BASED ON FIRMWARE ARDUPILOT." Collection of scientific works of the Military Institute of Kyiv National Taras Shevchenko University, no. 72 (2021): 32–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2519-481x/2021/72-05.

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The paper considers the construction of a budget (no more than $ 150) aircraft-type UAV, which is able to perform the following flight modes: holding altitude and position, automatic return to the take-off point on command from the control panel or loss of communication with it, automatic flight along a given trajectory. During flight tests, the high aerodynamic qualities of the C-1 CHASER flying wing model were noted compared to models that were made from foam on their own. So, the flight time increased by ~ 25%, the speed by ~ 30% with the same flight weight and power consumption from the ba
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Humennyi, Andrіi, Pavlo Malashta, Serhii Oliynick, Oleksandr Pidlisnyi та Vitalii Aleinikov. "Розробка на Lua програмного модуля для визначення точки скидання некерованого вантажу з БПЛА літакового типу із системою керування Ardupilot". Aerospace Technic and Technology, № 6 (21 листопада 2024): 4–14. https://doi.org/10.32620/aktt.2024.6.01.

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Cargo delivery is one of the most popular areas of application of aircraft-type UAVs with the Ardupilot control system. Autonomous missions performed by such UAVs are associated with the need to determine the point of discharge of unguided cargo, which significantly affects the accuracy of its delivery. However, Ardupilot is not equipped with a software module for determining the point of discharge of unguided cargo, and such additional software is recommended to be developed in Lua. Known software modules for determining the point of discharge of UAVs, as a rule, perform a cyclic solution of
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Rachmawati, Putri, and Muhammad Haydar Asyam. "Sistem Kontrol Pesawat Tanpa Awak Untuk Menentukan Waypoint Berbasis Ardupilot." Quantum Teknika : Jurnal Teknik Mesin Terapan 2, no. 2 (2021): 80–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.18196/jqt.v2i2.11490.

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An unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) is a type of unmanned aerial vehicle which is controlled by a remote system. This type of aircraft is usually controlled by remote control from outside the plane and can also move automatically based on a program that has been programmed on the computer system. In this study, a control system with autopilot and remote control is used. This study aims to apply the ardupilot system to the super heavy model aircraft with a long-range flight mode control system using the Futaba T8J (8 channel) radio control. The results of this study took a flight time of 15.02 min
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10

Bin, He. "The design of an unmanned aerial vehicle based on the ArduPilot." Indian Journal of Science and Technology 2, no. 4 (2009): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.17485/ijst/2009/v2i4.4.

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Myasishchev, A. A., S. V. Lienkov, A. G. Zinchyk, I. V. Pampukha, and L. O. Riaba. "DESIGN OF MULTIFUNCTIONAL UAV OF ROTOR TYPE ON THE BASE OF FIRMWARE ARDUPILOT." Collection of scientific works of the Military Institute of Kyiv National Taras Shevchenko University, no. 70 (2021): 49–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2519-481x/2021/70-05.

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In this work, a multifunctional rotor-type UAV (hexacopter) was designed based on the Arducopter ver.4.0.7 firmware for FMUv3 devices. Experimental tuning of the firmware parameters for a given UAV geometry, its weight, propeller group, flight stability in a gusty wind for navigation modes has been performed. It is shown that this flight controller can use all the documented features of the Ardupilot firmware, unlike the Pixhawk1 1M. Experimentally, on the basis of numerous flights, it was revealed that firmware using a mathematical apparatus based on the extended Kalman filter (Arducopter 4.0
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Andrade, Fabio A. A., Ihannah P. Guedes, Guilherme F. Carvalho, et al. "Unmanned Aerial Vehicles Motion Control with Fuzzy Tuning of Cascaded-PID Gains." Machines 10, no. 1 (2021): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/machines10010012.

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One of the main challenges of maneuvering an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) to keep a stabilized flight is dealing with its fast and highly coupled nonlinear dynamics. There are several solutions in the literature, but most of them require fine-tuning of the parameters. In order to avoid the exhaustive tuning procedures, this work employs a Fuzzy Logic strategy for online tuning of the PID gains of the UAV motion controller. A Cascaded-PID scheme is proposed, in which velocity commands are calculated and sent to the flight control unit from a given target desired position (waypoint). Therefore,
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Wardoyo, Adik Susilo, Indri Purwita Sary, and Ilham Taufik Maulana. "An Analysis Of The Performance Of Autonomous Navigation On An Ardupilot-Controlled Rover." Ultima Computing : Jurnal Sistem Komputer 14, no. 2 (2022): 82–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.31937/sk.v14i2.2844.

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Monitoring forests is one of the strategies in the overall preventive strategy. Monitoring the forest can quickly and permanently manage how tree illnesses emerge, spread, and evolve. To help monitor forest fires, a robot platform that can operate independently and assist in data collection can be created. In this paper, the accuracy of the Ardupilot-controlled autonomous navigation system of the rover was examined. The metode are used is experimental study, the study consists of a comparison between the GPS rover log and the SITL simulation within the mission planner tool. The average accurac
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AL TAHTAWI, ADNAN RAFI, ERICK ANDIKA, MAULANA YUSUF, and WILDAN NURFAUZAN HARJANTO. "Pengembangan Low-cost Quadrotor dengan Misi Waypoint Tracking Berbasis Pengendali PID." ELKOMIKA: Jurnal Teknik Energi Elektrik, Teknik Telekomunikasi, & Teknik Elektronika 8, no. 1 (2020): 189. http://dx.doi.org/10.26760/elkomika.v8i1.189.

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ABSTRAK
 
 Quadrotor merupakan salah satu jenis pesawat tanpa awak yang dapat bekerja secara autonomous dalam melaksanakan tugasnya. Beberapa quadrotor komersial yang dapat bekerja secara autonomous memiliki harga yang relatif mahal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang dan mengembangkan sebuah quadrotor berbiaya rendah dengan misi waypoint tracking berbasis pengendali PID. Quadrotor dirancang menggunakan modul Ardupilot Mega 2.6 sebagai pengendali terbang. Modul ini cocok digunakan untuk pengembangan sebuah quadrotor berbiaya rendah karena telah terintegrasi dengan sebuah antarm
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15

Rafiq, Arif Ainur, Sugeng Dwi Riyanto, Bagas Dwi Aprilas, and Rizki Priya Pratama. "Image Processing untuk Deteksi Objek pada Daerah Bencana." INVOTEK: Jurnal Inovasi Vokasional dan Teknologi 20, no. 2 (2020): 9–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.24036/invotek.v20i2.707.

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Pencarian korban pasca terjadinya bencana alam menjadi faktor yang sangat penting untuk dilakukan. Objek yang mayoritas diperhatikan adalah manusia. Cepat tanggapnya penanganan hal tersebut juga dipengaruhi banyak faktor, salah satunya adalah medan yang rumit dan terisolasi sehingga aksesnya terbatas sehingga banyak korban yang tidak dapat ditangani dalam waktu yang cepat. Jalur udara merupakan alternatif yang dapat dimanfaatkan, yaitu menggunakan Quadcopter yang memungkinkan untuk memantau kondisi lokasi bencana alam melalui kamera sebagai pendeteksi objek menggunakan pengolahan citra dengan
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16

Catane, Ephrem Joseph, Leary Gabutin, Krishna Carla Tamosa, Chris Jordan Aliac, and Roel Lauron. "Midrange Unmanned Autonomous Watercraft for Search and Rescue." International Journal of Computing Sciences Research 8 (January 1, 2024): 3171–86. https://doi.org/10.25147/ijcsr.2017.001.1.212.

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Purpose–Themaritime sectoris a crucial industry in shaping thePhilippine economy, yet it is plagued by a high rate of accidentsand fatalities.To address these challenges, this study explores the integration of unmanned technologies into maritime Search and Rescue (SAR) operations. Method–This research explores using a low-cost USV for SARin the Philippines. Analyzing various unmanned options (ROVs, AUVs), the study focused on an affordable USV design. Built with readily available materials and open-source software, the USV prioritizes stability, real-time data collection (sensors, camera), and
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Wang, Siao, Zhen Dong, Hui Li, Liwei Shen, Xin Peng, and Dongdong She. "RouthSearch: Inferring PID Parameter Specification for Flight Control Program by Coordinate Search." Proceedings of the ACM on Software Engineering 2, ISSTA (2025): 640–62. https://doi.org/10.1145/3728904.

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Flight control programs are widely used in unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) to manage and maintain UAVs’ flying behaviors dynamically. These flight control programs include a PID control module that takes three user-configurable PID parameters: Proportional (P), Integral (I), and Derivative (D). Users can also adjust these PID parameters during flight to suit the needs of various flight tasks. However, flight control programs do not have sufficient safety checks on the user-provided PID parameters, leading to a severe vulnerability of UAV—input validation bug. It happens when the user misconfig
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An, Nam-Hyun, Bon-Kuk Gu, Hui-Seung Park, and Ho-Yun Jang. "Autonomous Path-Tracking Performance of an OmniX-Type Boat Based on Open-Source Ardupilot with RTK GPS." Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment and Safety 27, no. 6 (2021): 867–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.7837/kosomes.2021.27.6.867.

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Kampf, Rudolf, Jakub Soviar, Ladislav Bartuška, and Milan Kubina. "Creation of SW for Controlling Unmanned Aerial Systems." LOGI – Scientific Journal on Transport and Logistics 13, no. 1 (2022): 198–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/logi-2022-0018.

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Abstract This paper deals with an analysis of software functions that can be used to control Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV), and particular design of a simple application (program) for flight planning with the use of predetermined points (the so-called Waypoints). The paper contains a description of how to set up the development environment as well as a brief description of the MAVLink protocol and its use by means of statements of several methods used in the program. Ardupilot Mega was preferred as a control unit which supports the MAVLink protocol. Although the application is fully functiona
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Kumar, Luv. "Human-Centered Drone Design for Medical Supply Delivery." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 13, no. 5 (2025): 1108–13. https://doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2025.70381.

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Drone, due to their flexible applications to facilitate human life, is currently used at great demand. They perform tasks repetitively at reasonable cost and quality levels. The main objective of this work is to design and develop healthcare delivery drone. The delivery drone has the potential to have the same effect on traditional transportation infrastructure. Due to poor transportation infrastructure, or roads blocked by severe weather, disasters or traffic congestion, the delivery of small items like medicines, blood and vaccines or other healthcare items that is needed in locations with d
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Maulana, Syahrul Imam, and Muhammad Dzulfikar. "STUDI KINETIKA SISTEM PELONTAR WAHANA TERBANG." CENDEKIA EKSAKTA 9, no. 1 (2024): 38–45. https://doi.org/10.31942/ce.v9i1.11814.

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Wahana terbang yang dikendalikan dengan kontrol jarak jauh dan berukuran mini membutuhkan sistem peluncur khusus. Ada yang dilempar langsung dengan tangan maupun dengan alat pelontar. Latar belakang penelitian didasarkan pada kebutuhan akan adanya sistem pelontar yang efektif dan efisien untuk Kontes Robot Terbang Indonesia. Tujuan dari artikel penelitian ini adalah mencari nilai kekuatan lontar dan kecepatan lepas landas untuk menerbangkan pesawat model. Pelontar dengan konsep landasan gelinding dan dilengkapi tali karet dibuat untuk uji penerbangan. Parameter penting dalam keberhasilan terba
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Coates, Erlend M., and Thor I. Fossen. "Geometric Reduced-Attitude Control of Fixed-Wing UAVs." Applied Sciences 11, no. 7 (2021): 3147. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11073147.

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This paper presents nonlinear, singularity-free autopilot designs for multivariable reduced-attitude control of fixed-wing aircraft. To control roll and pitch angles, we employ vector coordinates constrained to the unit two-sphere and that are independent of the yaw/heading angle. The angular velocity projected onto this vector is enforced to satisfy the coordinated-turn equation. We exploit model structure in the design and prove almost global asymptotic stability using Lyapunov-based tools. Slowly-varying aerodynamic disturbances are compensated for using adaptive backstepping. To emphasize
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Amelin, Konstantin, and Vladimir Maltsev. "Using of the SPSA method to improve the accuracy of the UAV following a given route under the action of wind loads." Cybernetics and Physics, Volume 10, 2021, Number 4 (December 31, 2021): 224–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.35470/2226-4116-2021-10-4-224-230.

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In the modern world, UAVs (unmanned aerial vehicles) are increasingly used in everyday life in solving civilian tasks. One of the main applications of UAVs is data collection with their reference to a given coordinate system. For example, for the task of aerial photography, it is necessary to accurately link each image to the global coordinate system. In addition to the exact location of coordinates, it is worth the exact movement of a given route, to collect data of exactly those places that are needed. Thus, it is very important to ensure the minimum deviation of the UAV from the given route
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Ivashko, Viktor, Oleh Krulikovskyi, Serhii Haliuk, and Andrii Samila. "Review of operating systems used in unmanned aerial vehicles." Informatyka, Automatyka, Pomiary w Gospodarce i Ochronie Środowiska 15, no. 1 (2025): 95–100. https://doi.org/10.35784/iapgos.6786.

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Operating systems (OS) play a major role in the functionality and performance of unmanned aerial vehicles, serving as their central nervous system to manage various components and functions. This article provides a comprehensive overview of embedded operating systems (EOS), real-time operating systems (RTOS), and cloud operating systems (Cloud OS) intended for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). In particular, from the perspective of practical use, both the strengths and weaknesses of the following operating systems were analyzed: PX4 Autopilot, ArduPilot, NuttX, Robot Operating System (ROS), Fre
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Zhu, Xinjie, Xiaoshun Zhao, Jingyan Liu, Weijun Feng, and Xiaofei Fan. "Autonomous Navigation and Obstacle Avoidance for Orchard Spraying Robots: A Sensor-Fusion Approach with ArduPilot, ROS, and EKF." Agronomy 15, no. 6 (2025): 1373. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy15061373.

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To address the challenges of low pesticide utilization, insufficient automation, and health risks in orchard plant protection, we developed an autonomous spraying vehicle using ArduPilot firmware and a robot operating system (ROS). The system tackles orchard navigation hurdles, including global navigation satellite system (GNSS) signal obstruction, light detection and ranging (LIDAR) simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) error accumulation, and lighting-limited visual positioning. A key innovation is the integration of an extended Kalman filter (EKF) to dynamically fuse T265 visual odom
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Beaudoin, L., L. Avanthey, and C. Villard. "PORTING ARDUPILOT TO ESP32: TOWARDS A UNIVERSAL OPEN-SOURCE ARCHITECTURE FOR AGILE AND EASILY REPLICABLE MULTI-DOMAINS MAPPING ROBOTS." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLIII-B2-2020 (August 12, 2020): 933–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xliii-b2-2020-933-2020.

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Abstract. In this article, we are interested in the implementation of an open-source low-level architecture (critical system) adapted to agile and easily replicable close-range remote sensing robots operating in multiple evolution domains. After reviewing the existing autopilots responding to these needs, we discuss the available hardware solutions and their limits. Then, we propose an original solution (software and hardware) that we developed to obtain a universal low-level architecture for all our exploration robots, whatever their environment of evolution, and the steps needed to make it r
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Ru, Wang, Ma Ziyuan, Gong Huajun, Wang Xinhua, and Zhang Shuai. "Design of unmanned aerial vehicle formation keeping controller based on improved consistency algorithm design." Scientific Insights and Discoveries Review 5 (October 14, 2024): 158–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.59782/sidr.v5i1.155.

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This article conducts in-depth research on the problems of large gain convergence oscillation and simultaneous application of translational rotation in traditional consistency algorithms. First, based on the traditional consistent formation algorithm, a virtual long machine is introduced, and a new norm is defined to extend the original consistent algorithm to solve the problem of large gain convergence oscillation in the Linearizability algorithm. Secondly, in response to the issue of the inability to maintain the formation caused by the application of translational rotation in traditional co
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Suparta, W., A. Basuki, and M. Arsyad. "The development of quadcopter using Arducopter APM 2.8 with autopilot for tracking point of drop-off goods." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1151, no. 1 (2023): 012032. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1151/1/012032.

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Abstract This research reported the development of a drone withinside the shape of a quadrotor to track positions over a certain geographic area on autopilot. The system includes an Ardupilot Mega (APM) 2.8 flight controller, Ublox NEO M8N GPS module with compass, Racerstar 920kV 2-4S Brushless Motor, Flysky Receiver FS-iA6B with FS-i6 Remote Control Transmitter, DJI F450 quadcopter frame kits with touchdown tools skid, and a LiPo Battery 3300 mAh 35C. The ground control system is set up and run through an open-source software so-known as Mission Planner. The tracking system is evolved as a pa
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Ale Isaac, Mohammad Sadeq, Marco Andrés Luna, Ahmed Refaat Ragab, et al. "Medium-Scale UAVs: A Practical Control System Considering Aerodynamics Analysis." Drones 6, no. 9 (2022): 244. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/drones6090244.

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Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have drawn significant attention from researchers over the last decade due to their wide range of possible uses. Carrying massive payloads concurrent with light UAVs has broadened the aeronautics context, which is feasible using powerful engines; however, it faces several practical control dilemmas. This paper introduces a medium-scale hexacopter, called the Fan Hopper, alimenting Electric Ducted Fan (EDF) engines to investigate the optimum control possibilities for a fully autonomous mission carrying a heavy payload, even of liquid materials, considering calcul
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Mani, Prashant, Pankaj Singh, Abhishek Singhal, and Apoorv Katiyar. "Design and Simulation of Smart Communication System for Unmanned Arial Vehicles." International Journal of Computers and Communications 15 (November 29, 2021): 89–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.46300/91013.2021.15.15.

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In recent years, the use of drones has drastically increased as the evolution of drone use in commercial sectors and reduced costs of the hardware. Earlier drone services were mostly used for military operations but nowadays the Unmanned Arial Vehicles (UAV) system is very advanced and its applications are not limited to military operations. The recent years have also witnessed a network evolution of UAVs from single ground to air network to multi-UAV network systems along with usage of wireless public networks like LTE which can act as UAV communication channel. In the proposed project, a com
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Ailneni, Sanketh, Sudesh K. Kashyap, and N. Shantha Kumar. "INS/GPS fusion architectures for unmanned aerial vehicles." International Journal of Intelligent Unmanned Systems 2, no. 3 (2014): 154–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijius-03-2014-0001.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to present fusion of inertial navigation system (INS) and global positioning system (GPS) for estimating position, velocities, attitude and heading of an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). Design/methodology/approach – A 15-state extended Kalman filter (EKF) and a split architecture consisting of six-state nonlinear complementary filter (NCF) and nine-state EKF are investigated in detail. In both these fusion architectures GPS and inertial measurement unit consisting of three axis accelerometers, three axis rate gyros and three axis magnetometer have been fus
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Nenkov, Nayden, and Nedyalko Domitrov. "Research on the Effectiveness of Modelling of Autonomous Flight System for Monitoring Agricultural and Industrial Sites." MATEC Web of Conferences 297 (2019): 06014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201929706014.

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Unmanned systems (drones) have been widely used for both military and civilian purposes for many years. Knowing the capabilities of the different systems allows for the right selection in preparation for a specific task, and each task requires the correct selection of the flight system, scientific and navigation equipment. The application of these systems has grown enormously in various fields such as: leisure, information and media, monitoring and inspection (electrical, pipelines, industrial installations), geological sciences (agriculture, environment) and civil safety (search and rescue),
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R. Bermoy, Lyndon, Mary Ann M. Ganzon, and Sherry P. Ramayla. "Development of a Low-Cost Arduino-Driven Drone for Rapid Search and Rescue in Philippine Terrain." International Research Journal of Innovations in Engineering and Technology 08, no. 06 (2024): 43–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.47001/irjiet/2024.806006.

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Search and rescue (SAR) operations in the Philippines are often hampered by challenging terrains and the high costs associated with advanced technology. To address these issues, this study developed, tested, and validated a low-cost Arduino-driven drone optimized for SAR missions. The drone integrates an Arduino Mega 2560 microcontroller with an ArduPilot flight controller, GPS module, infrared sensors, ultrasonic sensors, and a thermal camera, alongside communication modules using Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) and GSM/GPS. The design aimed to create a reliable, efficient tool capable of navigati
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Gyrichidi, Ntmitrii, Mikhail P. Romanov, Yuriy Yu Tsepkin, and Alexey M. Romanov. "Enabling Navigation and Mission-Based Control on a Low-Cost Unitree Go1 Air Quadrupedal Robot." Designs 9, no. 2 (2025): 50. https://doi.org/10.3390/designs9020050.

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Quadrupedal robots are now not just prototypes as they were a decade ago. This field now focuses on finding new application areas for robots rather than solving pure locomotion problems. Although the price of quadrupedal robots has decreased significantly during the last decade, it is still relatively high and can be considered as one of the limiting factors for research, especially for multi-agent scenarios involving multiple robots. This paper proposes a simple and easily reproducible approach to integrating the cheapest robot from the Unitree Go1 series with controllers running the ArduPilo
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35

Al Tahtawi, Adnan Rafi, Erick Andika, Maulana Yusuf, and Wildan Nurfauzan Harjanto. "Design of Quadrotor UAV and Internet-of-Things Based Air Pollution Monitoring Systems." IJITEE (International Journal of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering) 3, no. 4 (2020): 120. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/ijitee.51203.

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Air pollution is one of problems causing global warming that is currently taking a place. Several air quality monitoring devices usually located at the city center are only limited to display data at one point. Therefore, a mobile device to monitor air quality is needed so as to enable the monitoring in several points. This paper aims to design an air quality monitoring system based on quadrotor Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) and Internet-of-Things (IoT) technology. The sensor system is designed to detect CO, CO2, air quality, and temperature variables. This sensor systems was then integrated w
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36

Kauhanen, H., P. Rönnholm, M. Vaaja, and H. Hyyppä. "DESIGNING AND BUILDING A COST-EFFICIENT SURVEY DRONE." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLIII-B1-2020 (August 6, 2020): 165–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xliii-b1-2020-165-2020.

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Abstract. In this paper, we present a workflow how to design and implement a low-cost survey drone that meets the quality requirements of a much higher cost drone system. The technical specifications of available components and our design boundaries were applied in eCalc RC – xcopterCalc calculator in which the optimal setup was found by simulation. The main boundaries of design were derived from safety, operation time and payload capacity. Pixhawk 2 FCU, which is based on ArduPilot open source platform, was selected to handle autopilot and control functionalities. In addition, the system incl
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Gu, Qijun, Drew R. Michanowicz, and Chunrong Jia. "Developing a Modular Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) Platform for Air Pollution Profiling." Sensors 18, no. 12 (2018): 4363. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s18124363.

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The unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) offers great potential for collecting air quality data with high spatial and temporal resolutions. The objective of this study is to design and develop a modular UAV-based platform capable of real-time monitoring of multiple air pollutants. The system comprises five modules: the UAV, the ground station, the sensors, the data acquisition (DA) module, and the data fusion (DF) module. The hardware was constructed with off-the-shelf consumer parts and the open source software Ardupilot was used for flight control and data fusion. The prototype UAV system was teste
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Teague, Samuel, and Javaan Chahl. "An Algorithm for Affordable Vision-Based GNSS-Denied Strapdown Celestial Navigation." Drones 8, no. 11 (2024): 652. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/drones8110652.

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Celestial navigation is rarely seen in modern Uncrewed Aerial vehicles (UAVs). The size and weight of a stabilized imaging system, and the lack of precision, tend to be at odds with the operational requirements of the aircraft. Nonetheless, celestial navigation is one of the few non-emissive modalities that enables global navigation over the ocean at night in Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) denied environments. This study demonstrates a modular, low cost, lightweight strapdown celestial navigation solution that is utilized in conjunction with Ardupilot running on a Cube Orange to pro
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Raber and Schill. "Reef Rover: A Low-Cost Small Autonomous Unmanned Surface Vehicle (USV) for Mapping and Monitoring Coral Reefs." Drones 3, no. 2 (2019): 38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/drones3020038.

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In the effort to design a more repeatable and consistent platform to collect data for Structure from Motion (SfM) monitoring of coral reefs and other benthic habitats, we explore the use of recent advances in open source Global Positioning System (GPS)-guided drone technology to design and test a low-cost and transportable small unmanned surface vehicle (sUSV). The vehicle operates using Ardupilot open source software and can be used by local scientists and marine managers to map and monitor marine environments in shallow areas (<20 m) with commensurate visibility. The imaging system uses t
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КУЧЕРЕНКО, О. І., та Т. А. ВАКАЛЮК. "ОГЛЯД ТЕХНІЧНИХ ТА ПРОГРАМНИХ ЗАСОБІВ КЕРУВАННЯ БПЛА". Вісник Херсонського національного технічного університету, № 2(89) (2 липня 2024): 170–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.35546/kntu2078-4481.2024.2.24.

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Стаття присвячена огляду технічних та програмних засобів керування безпілотними літальними апаратами (БПЛА), що є актуальною темою у сучасній робототехніці та авіаційній індустрії. Розвиток безпілотних літальних апаратів породжує попит на комплексні технології та програмне забезпечення, які забезпечують ефективне управління та навігацію цими системами. У статті розглядаються основні аспекти технічних засобів керування БПЛА, включаючи контролери польоту, сенсори, системи стабілізації, комунікаційні системи, апаратне та програмне забезпечення для управління рухом та збору даних. Описано характер
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Campos, I. S. G. "TOWARDS MORE EFFICIENT UAS DATA ACQUISITION: CAMERA AUTO MOUNT PIVOTING OBLIQUE SURVEY." International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLIII-B1-2021 (June 28, 2021): 139–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xliii-b1-2021-139-2021.

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Abstract. In this paper I present a new MAVLink command, enabling oblique aerial surveys, along with its implementation on the major open source flight stacks (PX4 and ArduPilot) and ground control station (QGroundControl). A key advantage of this approach is that it enables vehicles with a typical gimbaled camera to capture oblique photos in the same pass as nadir photos, without the need for heavier and more expensive alternatives that feature multiple cameras, at fixed angles in a rigid mount, thus are unsuitable for lightweight platforms. It also allows for flexibility in the configuration
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Mohd, Syahril Amir, Kok Beng Gan, and Ahmad Kamal Ariffin Mohd. Ihsan. "Development of Medical Drone for Blood Product Delivery: A Technical Assessment." International Journal of Online and Biomedical Engineering (iJOE) 17, no. 09 (2021): 183. http://dx.doi.org/10.3991/ijoe.v17i09.24399.

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Drone is the well-known technology in military and amateur application. Recently, the drone was used to deliver goods and parcels. There is an increasing need for urgent delivery of medical supplies in low resource setting due to traffic congestion and terrain obstacles. The delivery of blood in emergency cases such as postpartum hemorrhaging is challenging and can be delayed due to geographical condition in underserved area. Postpartum hemorrhaging needs an immediate blood transfusion with proper blood product to save the life of mother and baby. To address to this need, a drone that can deli
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Say, Marc Francis, Alvin Chua, Edwin Sybingco, et al. "A NOVEL FLIGHT CONTROLLER DESIGN FOR MODULAR APPLICATIONS." ASEAN Engineering Journal 12, no. 4 (2022): 151–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.11113/aej.v12.17561.

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A local flight controller was developed for modular applications based on the Pixhawk 1 flight controller with modifications to accommodate companion computer provision for future integration. This design is made for future modular applications, but for now, the functionality and performance of the local flight controller were tested and compared to the Pixhawk flight controller. A simple 3D printed enclosure was made to house the local flight controller for easier mounting on UAV frames. To compare the performance of the developed controller, two setups were made: local flight controller and
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Krawczyk, Zack, Rohit K. S. S. Vuppala, Ryan Paul, and Kursat Kara. "Urban Wind Field Effects on the Flight Dynamics of Fixed-Wing Drones." Drones 9, no. 5 (2025): 362. https://doi.org/10.3390/drones9050362.

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Urban wind, and particularly turbulence present in the roughness zone near structures, poses a critical challenge for next-generation drones. Complex flow patterns induced by large buildings produce significant disturbances that the vehicle must reject at low altitudes. Traditional turbulence models, such as the von Kármán model, underestimate these localized effects, compromising flight safety. To address this gap, we integrate high-resolution time and spatially varying urban wind fields from Large Eddy Simulations into a flight dynamics simulation framework using vehicle plant models based o
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Morales, Jesús, Isabel Castelo, Rodrigo Serra, Pedro U. Lima, and Meysam Basiri. "Vision-Based Autonomous Following of a Moving Platform and Landing for an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle." Sensors 23, no. 2 (2023): 829. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23020829.

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Interest in Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) has increased due to their versatility and variety of applications, however their battery life limits their applications. Heterogeneous multi-robot systems can offer a solution to this limitation, by allowing an Unmanned Ground Vehicle (UGV) to serve as a recharging station for the aerial one. Moreover, cooperation between aerial and terrestrial robots allows them to overcome other individual limitations, such as communication link coverage or accessibility, and to solve highly complex tasks, e.g., environment exploration, infrastructure inspection o
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Segales, Antonio R., Brian R. Greene, Tyler M. Bell, et al. "The CopterSonde: an insight into the development of a smart unmanned aircraft system for atmospheric boundary layer research." Atmospheric Measurement Techniques 13, no. 5 (2020): 2833–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amt-13-2833-2020.

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Abstract. The CopterSonde is an unmanned aircraft system (UAS) developed in house by a team of engineers and meteorologists at the University of Oklahoma. The CopterSonde is an ambitious attempt by the Center for Autonomous Sensing and Sampling to address the challenge of filling the observational gap present in the lower atmosphere among the currently used meteorological instruments such as towers and radiosondes. The CopterSonde is a unique and highly flexible platform for in situ atmospheric boundary layer measurements with high spatial and temporal resolution, suitable for meteorological a
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Fujisawa, Shoichiro, Kenzo Nonami, Masafumi Miwa, Satoshi Suzuki, and Kakuya Iwata. "Special Issue on Autonomous Flying Robot." Journal of Robotics and Mechatronics 28, no. 3 (2016): 261. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jrm.2016.p0261.

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Research on unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) has been conducted for quite some time, even though experiments were rather difficult to carry out. However, recent years have seen a proliferation of published reports in this field. This is most likely due to the spread of multicopters, which are easier and safer to operate than fixed-wing aircraft and single-rotor helicopters. Other factors that have made it easier to conduct research on UAVs and thus contributed to the increased number of studies include the wide availability of high-performance flight controllers that are either low cost or offe
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Lienkov, Serhii, Alexander Myasischev, Yurii Husak, Nataliia Lytvynenko, and Evgeny Lenkov. "CONSTRUCTION OF THE ROTOR AND AIRCRAFT UAVS FOR FLIGHT ALONG A GIVEN TRAJECTORY USING TELEMETRY. COMPARISON OF THE TECHNOLOGIES, BENEFITS AND PROSPECTS FOR USING." Collection of scientific works of the Military Institute of Kyiv National Taras Shevchenko University, no. 74 (2022): 115–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2519-481x/2022/74-12.

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In this research, the budgetary (no more than $ 120) UAVs of aircraft and rotary types have been designed, that are able to maintain altitude and position, automatically return to the takeoff point on command from the control panel or in case of loss of communication with it, perform automatic flight along a given trajectory and fly with taking into account telemetry data. It has been shown experimentally, that for flight on the mission on airplane to ensure a straight-line flight, it’s advisable to use only a GPS receiver for navigation. The compass setting distorts the plane's straight fligh
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Filkin, Timofey, Iliya Lipin, and Natalia Sliusar. "Integrating a UAV System Based on Pixhawk with a Laser Methane Mini Detector to Study Methane Emissions." Drones 7, no. 10 (2023): 625. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/drones7100625.

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This article describes the process of integrating one of the most commonly used laser methane detectors, the Laser Methane mini (LMm), and a multi-rotor unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) based on the Pixhawk flight controller to create an unmanned aerial system designed to detect methane leakages from the air. The integration is performed via the LaserHub+, a newly developed device which receives data from the laser methane detector, decodes it and transmits it to the flight controller with the protocol used by the ArduPilot platform for laser rangefinders. The user receives a single data array fr
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Myasischev, O. O., S. V. Lienkov, V. V. Ovcharuk, et al. "LARGE-CAPACITY QUADCOPTER’S DESIGNING ON THE CONTROLLERS OF THE PIXHAWK CUBE FAMILY." Collection of scientific works of the Military Institute of Kyiv National Taras Shevchenko University, no. 75 (2022): 108–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2519-481x/2022/75-11.

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The quadrocopter’s design and configuration that capable to carry a payload of up to 30 kg based on the Pixhawk 2 Cube flight controller using Arducopter ver.4.1.5 firmware for FMUv3 devices was completed in the paper. For ensuring a flight range of 10-12 km, the using of 44000 mAh battery and payload of 10-15 kg is recommended. It has been established that when building large-sized copters, before setting up the PID controller, it’s necessary to pre-configure the parameters that are used by the PID controller. The failure to do so will often cause the aircraft to crash on its first flight. Th
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