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Nourani-Dargiri, Mehrdad. "Area and delay estimation for constraint-driven high-level synthesis." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 1994. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1057603424.
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Sadoune, Michel. "Terminal area flight path generation using parallel constraint propagation." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/40136.
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Lamprecht, Jaren Tyler. "FPGA Floor-Planning Impact on Implementation Results." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2012. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/3380.
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The field programmable gate array (FPGA) is an attractive computational platform for many applications because of its customizable nature and modest development cost, in terms of both time and money. As FPGAs scale to increased logical capacities, designers have increased flexibility. However, the FPGA placement problem becomes more difficult at increased sizes. Increasingly, designers are encouraged to structure designs hierarchically and floor-plan. Floor planning is a manual process which maps specified design submodules to selected physical regions of the FPGA device fabric. This thesis explores several of the effects that floor-planning has on submodules and the designs they comprise. A method is developed to explore the floor-planning impact on submodules independent of a full design. Six different submodules are independently subjected to varying timing constraints and to area constraints of varying aspect ratios and area allocations. The resulting submodule minimum clock periods, routing overflows, and relocatabilities are assembled from millions of submodule implementations. The aggregate results suggest that EDA placement and routing tools can meet design constraints even with extreme combinations of submodule aspect ratio and area allocations; however, the probability of implementations meeting constraints may be low at those extremes. Separate sets of submodule floor-planning guidelines are developed to optimize for meeting minimum clock period constraints, minimizing routing overflow, and maximize relocatability. The submodule floor planning guidelines for meeting minimum clock period are verified in full design implementations.
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Beus-Dukic, Ljerka. "Scheduling time-constrained messages on MiniMAP." Thesis, University of York, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.306250.
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Bergman, Jan Gerhardus. "Liesbeeck-Black river confluence area : land-use opportunities and constraints." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/14716.
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Bibliography: leaves 69-72.This study investigated the land-use potential of the Liesbeeck-Black River confluence area . It is intended to serve as a guide to land-use planners and other interested parties concerning the opportunities and constraints proffered by the environment on the confluence area. The collecting of baseline data was undertaken by nine Masters Students in the Department of Environmental and Geographical Science at the University of Cape Town. Each student then analysed the data individually. The study was undertaken in part fulfilment of the academic requirements of the Masters Degree. The Liesbeeck-Black River confluence area (hereafter called the study area) is located approximately 5.5 km east of the CBD of Cape Town. It covers approximately 232 ha and is bounded by the N2 Freeway to the South, Alexandra Road to the East, Liesbeeck Parkway to the West and the Culemborg-Black River Railway Yard to the North. The aim of the study was twofold, firstly to determine a procedure whereby the optimal land- use alternative for an area could be determined, taking into account the effects of significant environmental elements, and secondly to analyse and determine the optimal land-use alternative for the study area specifically. The procedure developed during the research is an adaptation of the Leopold Matrix method of analysis. The environmental elements characteristic of the study area are listed on the horizontal axis, and the land-use options to be analysed on the vertical axis. The magnitude and significance of the effect of an environmental element on a particular type of land-use can then be rated and this rating entered in the corresponding matrix cell. By adding the ratings of all environmental elements on each land-use option, the overall rating of the different land-use options can be obtained. The option with the highest overall (positive) rating is then considered to be the optimal type of land-use. This method was then applied to assess the land-use potential of the study area. The land-use options considered to be appropriate for the study area were determined by considering only those types of land-uses for which a regional need had previously been established.
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Sun, Hua. "Throughput constrained and area optimized dataflow synthesis for FPGAS." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2008. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd2276.pdf.
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Kock, Stéphane. "Pleistocene terraces in the Hochrhein area : formation, age constraints and neotectonic implications /." Basel : Geologisch-Paläontologisches Institut, 2008. http://edoc.unibas.ch/diss/DissB_8425.
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Li, Jing Qiang. "Designing constraints for capacity analysis of residential floor areas." Virtual Press, 2004. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1292545.
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This thesis focuses on the development of design constraints for use in analyzing the capacity of the residential units' floor areas in Open Building projects. Two cases are used to demonstrate the use of these constraints: a vacant office building (Kales Building) being converted to residential occupancy; a new multi-story building the lower floors of which are hotel rooms and the upper floors are residential condominium units.The thesis suggests that these constraints and the capacity analysis of residential floor areas associated with them can assist design teams, at the beginning of similar projects; provide important "added value" to clients, and contribute to the long term "sustainability" or adaptability of buildings.The first part of the thesis addresses the question of how to design a residential base building which can accommodate an optimal number and variety of fit-out unit layouts. The answer to the question links to the need for design constraints and points to their use in capacity analysis.The second part of the thesis focuses on the deduction of "constraint-designing" for Open Building residential layout. Plumbing systems, which are one of the most significant barriers to the application of Open Building, are specifically and more deeply studied in this part. A series of constraints are developed, which can generally assist in designing and analyzing floor plate capacity. . It is akin to learning to know the rules before starting a game.The third part of the thesis focuses on the demonstration of the uses of constraints in the design process of the conversion of an abandoned office building to residential uses.The last part of the thesis demonstrates the use of constraints and capacity analysis in a new multi-story condo project.In short, the paper is initially concerned with both the design concept and its application into detail levels in one of the many issues. It is a study of methods and technical rules of designing floor plan layouts when capacity analysis is the aim.Department of Architecture
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Porter, James. "Enhancing the Role of the Recreationist in the Conservation of Parks and Protected Areas." Thesis, University of Waterloo, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/981.
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The tension between 'acceptable' human use of the environment and the management systems that intend to mitigate this use continues to be an important focus for discussion and research. This is particularly evident in the situation of recreation in parks and protected areas. Enhancing public participation in the development and implementation of resource management objectives has received much attention, in literature and in practice, as a way to mediate this tension. However, how this participation will come about or is to be facilitated necessitates further investigation. This thesis further develops the notion of public participation with a focus on recreationists as a valuable source of assistance for achieving the conservation agenda. It also highlights that the assistance that recreationists could potentially offer remains predominately untapped. Two reasons for this include the restrictiveness inherent in current recreation and environment management approaches, and underlying assumptions that discount the value of public participation or cater to an active public, or recreationist, minority. Drawing on relevant social research, this thesis attempts to better understand the individual recreationist and derive from this an understanding of possible opportunities through which recreationist participation in conservation could be enhanced. Complementing this discussion is an identification of park managers as key recipients of this research, and a redefinition of their role from manager to one that emphasizes aspects of leadership. Two methods were employed to further investigate this research: an extensive review of relevant theory as well as the use of two case studies: Killarney Provincial Park (Ontario, Canada) and Fish Creek Provincial Park (Alberta, Canada). Within each case study, interviews were conducted in the months of June and July 2000 with park staff and other appropriate individuals. At the same time, recreationists from both parks were surveyed. Interviews and survey questions were guided by the primary question of, how can the role of recreationists in the conservation of parks and protected areas be enhanced? Eleven recommendations emerged from this research in regard to: opportunities for recreationists to participate in conservation, the role of social research, and the relationship between park manager and recreationist. This paper concludes by establishing an argument advocating recreationist participation in conservation, and offers ways in which this participation could be achieved.
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Nilsson, Jacob, and Pontus Stomberg. "Lokalisering av förbättringsområde : Enkla lokaliseringsmetoder för produktionsprocesser." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Akademin för textil, teknik och ekonomi, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-10544.
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Detta examenarbete redogör och belyser hur en lokalisering av förbättringsområde inom en producerande process kan ske. Rapporten har sin grund i ett sökande efter var en effektivisering kan genomföras. Hur uppnås målet och finns det metoder som kan appliceras på en diversifierad mängd områden. Många företag och verksamheter har idag ett stort behov av förbättring. Detta för att kunna överleva det allt tuffare klimatet på marknaden. En konkurrenskraftig produkt både är pris- och kvalitetsmässigt i framkant krävs för att nå marknadsandelar. Undersökningen grundar sig i en nulägesanalys på ett verkligt företag för att göra undersökningen så rättvisande som möjligt. Rapporten redogör även för en undersökning av olika metoder från tidigare forskning inom lean och theory of constraints. Genom att använda sig av verktyg som 5S, JIT och koncept i sin helhet som lean och TOC kan en lokalisering av förbättringsområden ske. Genom att studera koncept som lean och TOC lokaliseras förbättringsområden med hjälp av deras grundläggande filosofi. De delar som finns i produktionen som bör tas i beaktning är omställningar, slöserier och begränsningar. Dessa tre faktorer påverkar en process negativt om de inte lokaliseras och effektiviseras eller elimineras. Den metod som bör användas varierar från fall till fall och det är av yttersta vikt att hitta en metod som fungerar bra för den egna processen. Det första som bör göras är att bli väl påläst och vara tydlig med vad metoden ska bidra med. De metoder som denna studie har granskat och visat sig fungera i en producerande process är: 5S, JIT, SMED samt TOC:s läran om flaskhalsar och leans läran om slöserier. Metoderna bidrar med olika sätt för lokalisering av förbättringsområden.This report describes and illustrates how to locate an area for improvement in a producing process. The report is based on a search for where the streamlining can be performed. How can we achieve the goal, and are there methods that can be applied to a diverse range of areas. Many companies and businesses today have a great need for improvement, this in order to survive the increasingly tougher climate on the market. Where you now must be able to deliver a competitive product that is both price and quality at the forefront. The study is based on a situation analysis on a real business company, with a producing process, to do the survey as accurate as possible. The report also describes a study of the different methods from previous research in lean and TOC. By using tools such as 5S, JIT and concepts in its entirety as lean and TOC can you locate each one's areas of improvement. By studying the concept of lean and TOC makes you localize areas of improvement with the help of their basic philosophy. The parts that are in production that should be taken into consideration are transitions, waste and limitations. These three factors affect the process negatively even if they are not localized and streamlined or eliminated. The method you should use will vary from case to case and it is important that you find a method that works well for one's own process. The first thing you should always do is to be well prepared and be clear about what you want the method to contribute with. The methods of this study has been reviewed and concluded that: 5S, JIT, SMED and TOC's doctrine of bottlenecks and leans doctrine of wastes will work. All these practices help with ways for locating areas of improvement.
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Horn, af Rantzien Mia. "Endogenous population in a land-constrained economy." Doctoral thesis, Handelshögskolan i Stockholm, Institutionen för Nationalekonomi, 1994. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hhs:diva-1422.
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Alegretti, Caio Graco Prates. "Analytical logical effort formulation for local sizing." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/97867.
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A indústria de microeletrônica tem recorrido cada vez mais à metodologia de projeto baseado em células para fazer frente à crescente complexidade dos projetos de circuitos integrados digitais, uma vez que circuitos baseados em células são projetados mais rápida e economicamente que circuitos full-custom. Entretanto, apesar do progresso ocorrido na área de Electronic Design Automation, circuitos digitais baseados em células apresentam desempenho inferior ao de circuitos full-custom. Assim, torna-se interessante encontrar maneiras de se fazer com que circuitos baseados em células tenham desempenho próximo ao de circuitos full-custom, sem que isso implique elevação significativa nos custos do projeto. Com tal objetivo em vista, esta tese apresenta contribuições para um fluxo automático de otimização local para circuitos digitais baseados em células. Por otimização local se entende a otimização do circuito em pequenas janelas de contexto, onde são feitas otimizações considerando o contexto global. Deste modo, a otimização local pode incluir a detecção e isolamento de regiões críticas do circuito e a geração de redes lógicas e de redes de transistores de diferentes topologias que são dimensionadas de acordo com as restrições de projeto em questão. Como as otimizações locais atuam em um contexto reduzido, várias soluções podem ser obtidas considerando as restrições locais, entre as quais se escolhe a mais adequada para substituir o subcircuito (região crítica) original. A contribuição específica desta tese é o desenvolvimento de um método de dimensionamento de subcircuitos capaz de obter soluções com área ativa mínima, respeitando a capacitância máxima de entrada, a carga a ser acionada, e a restrição de atraso imposta. O método é baseado em uma formulação de logical effort, e a principal contribuição é calcular analiticamente a derivada da área para obter área mínima, ao invés de fazer a derivada do atraso para obter o atraso mínimo, como é feito na formulação tradicional do logical effort. Simulações elétricas mostram que o modelo proposto é muito preciso para uma abordagem de primeira ordem, uma vez que apresenta erros médios de 1,48% para dissipação de potência, 2,28% para atraso de propagação e 6,5% para os tamanhos dos transistores.Microelectronics industry has been relying more and more upon cell-based design methodology to face the growing complexity in the design of digital integrated circuits, since cell-based integrated circuits are designed in a faster and cheaper way than fullcustom circuits. Nevertheless, in spite of the advancements in the field of Electronic Design Automation, cell-based digital integrated circuits show inferior performance when compared with full-custom circuits. Therefore, it is desirable to find ways to bring the performance of cell-based circuits closer to that of full-custom circuits without compromising the design costs of the former circuits. Bearing this goal in mind, this thesis presents contributions towards an automatic flow of local optimization for cellbased digital circuits. By local optimization, it is meant circuit optimization within small context windows, in which optimizations are done taking into account the global context. This way, local optimization may include the detection and isolation of critical regions of the circuit and the generation of logic and transistor networks; these networks are sized according to the existing design constraints. Since local optimizations act in a reduced context, several solutions may be obtained considering local constraints, out of which the fittest solution is chosen to replace the original subcircuit (critical region). The specific contribution of this thesis is the development of a subcircuit sizing method capable of obtaining minimum active area solutions, taking into account the maximum input capacitance, the output load to be driven, and the imposed delay constraint. The method is based on the logical effort formulation, and the main contribution is to compute the area derivative to obtain minimum area, instead of making the delay derivative to obtain minimum delay, as it is done in the traditional logical effort formulation. Electrical simulations show that the proposed method is very precise for a first order approach, as it presents average errors of 1.48% in power dissipation, 2.28% in propagation delay, and 6.5% in transistor sizes.
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Grens, Curtis M. "A Comprehensive Study of Safe-Operating-Area, Biasing Constraints, and Breakdown in Advanced SiGe HBTs." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/7124.
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This thesis presents a comprehensive assessment of breakdown and operational voltage constraints in state-of-the-art silicon-germanium (SiGe)
heterojunction bipolar transistor (HBT) BiCMOS technology. Technology scaling of SiGe HBTs for high frequency performance
results on lower breakdown voltages, making operating voltage constraints an increasingly vital reliability consideration in SiGe HBTs from both a device and circuits perspective.
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Janiszewski, Frank David. "Seismic reflection and gravity constraints on the bedrock configuration in the greater East Missoula area." CONNECT TO THIS TITLE ONLINE, 2007. http://etd.lib.umt.edu/theses/available/etd-05232007-120605/.
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Kong, Jia Hao. "Low-complexity, low-area computer architectures for cryptographic application in resource constrained environments." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2018. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/45394/.
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RCE (Resource Constrained Environment) is known for its stringent hardware design requirements. With the rise of Internet of Things (IoT), low-complexity and low-area designs are becoming prominent in the face of complex security threats. Two low-complexity, low-area cryptographic processors based on the ultimate reduced instruction set computer (URISC) are created to provide security features for wireless visual sensor networks (WVSN) by using field-programmable gate array (FPGA) based visual processors typically used in RCEs. The first processor is the Two Instruction Set Computer (TISC) running the Skipjack cipher. To improve security, a Compact Instruction Set Architecture (CISA) processor running the full AES with modified S-Box was created. The modified S-Box achieved a gate count reduction of 23% with no functional compromise compared to Boyar’s. Using the Spartan-3L XC3S1500L-4-FG320 FPGA, the implementation of the TISC occupies 71 slices and 1 block RAM. The TISC achieved a throughput of 46.38 kbps at a stable 24MHz clock. The CISA which occupies 157 slices and 1 block RAM, achieved a throughput of 119.3 kbps at a stable 24MHz clock. The CISA processor is demonstrated in two main applications, the first in a multilevel, multi cipher architecture (MMA) with two modes of operation, (1) by selecting cipher programs (primitives) and sharing crypto-blocks, (2) by using simple authentication, key renewal schemes, and showing perceptual improvements over direct AES on images. The second application demonstrates the use of the CISA processor as part of a selective encryption architecture (SEA) in combination with the millions instructions per second set partitioning in hierarchical trees (MIPS SPIHT) visual processor. The SEA is implemented on a Celoxica RC203 Vertex XC2V3000 FPGA occupying 6251 slices and a visual sensor is used to capture real world images. Four images frames were captured from a camera sensor, compressed, selectively encrypted, and sent over to a PC environment for decryption. The final design emulates a working visual sensor, from on node processing and encryption to back-end data processing on a server computer.
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Mills, Annamaria. "Understanding constraints to cocksfoot (Dactylis glomerata L.) based pasture production." Phd thesis, Lincoln University. Agriculture and Life Sciences Division, 2007. http://theses.lincoln.ac.nz/public/adt-NZLIU20070717.161658/.
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This research examined the mechanisms by which temperature, water availability and nitrogen (N) affect the dry matter (DM) yield potential of cocksfoot (Dactylis glomerata L.) dominant pastures. The experiment was a split plot design with main plots of fully irrigated (I) or dryland (D), sub-plots of N fertiliser at 800 kg N/ha in 2003/04; and 1600 kg N/ha in 2004/05 (+N) or 0 kg N/ha (-N). The potential environmental yield of an established 8 year old cocksfoot dominant pasture was 21.9 t DM/ha/y from I+N pastures compared with 9.8 t DM/ha by I-N pastures and 15.1 t DM/ha/y by D+N pastures. The lowest yields were from dryland pastures with no N which produced 7.5 t DM/ha/y in 2003/03 and 5.0 t DM/ha/y in 2004/05.
The effect of seasonal temperatures on the DM production, when periods of water stress were excluded, was quantified using thermal time accumulated above a base temperature of 3°C as 7.0 kg DM/°Cd/ha for N fertilised pastures and 3.3 kg DM/°Cd/ha for pastures with no N.
The 2.5 t DM/ha difference in yields of D-N pastures in 2003/04 and 2004/05 was the result of the duration, extent and timing of the water stress period. In both years the critical limiting deficit (DL) was calculated as 78 mm from the soil moisture deficit in the 0-0.8 m soil layers. Beyond DL yield decreased at a rate of 1.45%/mm in +N and N pastures, relative to fully irrigated control pastures.
Yields of D+N and D-N pastures were similar during periods of water stress with 0.4±0.1 t/DM/ha produced during the rotation ending 30/12/2003. This was less than from either the I-N (1.2 t DM/ha) or I+N (3.5 t DM/ha) pastures due to the reduction in the amount of photosynthetically active radiation intercepted by the canopies of the dryland pastures. However, in the rotation ending 2/5/2004, after autumn rain alleviated drought conditions, yield of the D+N pasture was 2.1 t DM/ha compared with 1.7 t DM/ha by I+N pastures.
The effect of N on yield was described using a nutrition index which showed that as DM yield increased N% in the herbage declined. This is a function of the ratio between metabolic and structural N requirements rather than caused by ontogeny alone. Specific leaf N was determined at two harvests and appeared constant at a given point in time (1.0-1.6 g N/m² leaf). In contrast, specific pseudostem N increased from 0.8-1.0 g N/m² pseudostem at an NNI of 0.4 in N pastures to 2.6-3.0 g N/m² pseudostem at an NNI of 1.2 in the +N pastures.
Differences between the yields of +N and N pastures were caused by differences in radiation use efficiency (RUE) as determined by the linear relationship (R²=0.76) between RUE and the nitrogen nutrition index (NNI).
In this thesis, empirical relationships for the effects of temperature, water availability and N were derived and the physiological mechanisms which underlie these descriptions were identified. These relationships provide clear and simple explanations of the effects of environmental variables on the productivity of cocksfoot based pastures which will enhance understanding of the benefits and limitations of cocksfoot, particularly in dryland farming systems.
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Sarlus, Zimer. "Geochemical and geochronological constraints on 1.88 and 1.80 Ga magmatic events in the Gällivare area, northern Sweden." Licentiate thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Geovetenskap och miljöteknik, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-25689.
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The Gällivare area is situated in northern Norrbotten, Sweden, and hosts the Aitik Cu-Au deposit and the Malmberget Fe deposit. In addition, more than 17 mineral prospects and mineralizations are present, among these the currently developed Nautanen Cu-Au deposit. All deposits are hosted within Paleoproterozoic volcanic and volcano-sedimentary successions intruded and surrounded by multiple generations of intrusive suites, including large bodies of ultramafic to mafic layered complexes. Detailed field mapping combined with geochemical and petrological investigations and geochronology have revealed suites of igneous rocks ranging in composition from ultramafic-mafic, intermediate to felsic. Main key igneous rocks include 1) tholeiitic, ultramafic-mafic layered intrusive complexes; 2) calc-alkaline mafic to intermediate plutonic and volcanic units; 3) calc-alkaline, mafic-intermediate dykes and sills; 4) calc-alkaline and shoshonitic granitoids. U-Pb multigrain zircon SIMS analysis combined with lithogeochemical investigations suggest two magmatic episodes at 1.88 and 1.80 Ga, respectively, with coeval mafic-felsic magmatism including the generation of voluminous layered complexes. Based on their MORB-type, tholeiitic character, these layered complexes are suggested to have formed in an extensional setting, preferentially in a back-arc environment. U-Pb multigrain zircon SIMS analysis and field mapping also reveal that granitoids in the area range from 1886 to 1779 Ma with the oldest granitoids containing mafic enclaves. This suggests magma interaction between basic and felsic magma sources. Geochemical data suggest generation of granitoids in a volcanic arc environment in a mainly post-collisional setting. Results suggest the formation of layered complexes and a volcanic arc system in an extensional setting followed by a subsequent compressional phase of arc accretion producing post-collisional granitoids. The 1.88 Ga event that generated the ultramafic-mafic layered complexes is associated with a back-arc setting generated in response to 1.90 Ga NNE trending subduction. The later event at ~1.80 Ga generating voluminous mafic-felsic units is associated with the TIB event which is also coupled to the regional IOCG overprint.The Gällivare area is situated in northern Norrbotten, Sweden, and hosts the Aitik Cu-Au deposit and the Malmberget Fe deposit. In addition, more than 17 mineral prospects and mineralizations are present, among these the currently developed Nautanen Cu-Au deposit. All deposits are hosted within Paleoproterozoic volcanic and volcano-sedimentary successions intruded and surrounded by multiple generations of intrusive suites, including large bodies of ultramafic to mafic layered complexes. Detailed field mapping combined with geochemical and petrological investigations and geochronology have revealed the role of intrusive igneous events and their control on ore formation. Main key igneous rocks include 1) tholeiitic, ultramafic-mafic layered intrusive complexes; 2) calc-alkaline mafic to intermediate plutonic and volcanic units; 3) calc-alkaline, mafic-intermediate dykes and sills; 4) calc-alkaline and shoshonitic granitoids. U-Pb multigrain zircon SIMS analysis combined with litho-geochemical investigations suggest two magmatic episodes at 1.88 and 1.80 Ga, respectively, with coeval mafic-felsic magmatism including the generation of voluminous layered complexes. Based on their MORB-type, tholeiitic character, these layered complexes are suggested to have formed in an extensional setting, preferentially in a back-arc environment. U-Pb multigrain zircon SIMS analysis and field mapping also reveal that granitoids in the area range from 1886 to 1779 Ma with the oldest granitoids containing mafic enclaves. This suggests magma interaction between basic and felsic magma sources. Geochemical data suggest generation of granitoids in a volcanic arc environment in a mainly post-collisional setting. Results suggest the formation of layered complexes and a volcanic arc system in an extensional setting followed by a subsequent compressional phase of arc accretion producing post-collisional granitoids. The 1.88 Ga event that generated the ultramafic-mafic layered complexes is is associated with a back-arc setting generated in response to 1.90 Ga NNE trending subduction. The later event at ~1.80 Ga generating voluminous mafic-felsic units is associated with the TIB event also coupled to the regional IOCG overprint.
Godkänd; 2016; 20160518 (zimsar); Nedanstående person kommer att hålla licentiatseminarium för avläggande av teknologie licentiatexamen. Namn: Zmar Sarlus Ämne: Malmgeologi /Ore Geology Uppsats: Geochemical and Geochronological Constraints on 1.88 and 1.80 Ga Magmatic Events in the Gällivare Area, Northern Sweden Examinator: Biträdande professor Christina Wanhainen, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och naturresurser, Avdelning: Geovetenskap och miljöteknik, Luleå tekniska universitet. Diskutant: PhD Paul Evins, WSP Sverige AB, Stockholm. Tid: Fredag 17 juni, 2016 kl 10.00 Plats: F341, Luleå tekniska universitet
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Diamond, Hanna. "Women's experience during and after World War Two in the Toulouse area 1939-1948 : choices and constraints." Thesis, University of Sussex, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.303756.
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Hou, Xian. "Detections of seven faint g-ray pulsars and constraints on neutron star moments of inertia with the Fermi-LAT." Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01058049.
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Le Large Area Telescope (LAT) à bord du satellite Fermi, lancé le 11 Juin 2008, est sensible au rayonnement gamma de20 MeV à plus de 300 GeV. 148 pulsars gamma à ce jour ont été détectés avec le Fermi-LAT, dont 117 sont détaillés dansle Deuxième Catalogue de Pulsars gamma de Fermi (2PC). Les pulsars forment la plus grande classe de sources au GeVdans la Voie Lactée. Les études de pulsars gamma apportent des contraintes importantes sur les modèles d'émission gamma etpermettent des percées dans notre compréhension des pulsars.Cette thèse présente des détections de sept pulsars gamma faibles déjà connus en radio, dont quatre jeunes ou d'âgesmoyens et trois millisecondes (MSP). L'analyse spectrale et la caractérisation des courbes de lumiére sont décriteset comparées à la population de 2PC. Ces détections ont l'intérêt particulier de sonder et d'étendre l'espace desparamètres de la population actuelle. Elles illustrent la distorsion inhérente dans 2PC et marquent la transition de lapremière phase (pulsars brillants) à la seconde phase (pulsars faibles) d'opération de Fermi. Le développement desmodèles théoriques et un recensement complet de la population galactique des étoiles à neutrons bénéficieront de plusde détections de pulsars faibles dans les années à venir.Certains pulsars gamma dans 2PC manifestant de grande efficacité gamma sont étudiés dans cette thèse. L'examen desdifférents paramètres qui influencent l'efficacité conduit à quelques candidats pour lesquels un plus grand momentd'inertie est nécessaire afin de résoudre le paradoxe de grande efficacité. Les observations de Fermi en rayons gamma ontl'air à apporter des contraintes indépendantes sur le moment d'inertie et les équations d'état des étoiles à neutrons.
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Karmona, Jennifer. "Unduly constrained : implementing conservation areas under British Columbia's forest and range practices act." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/31406.
Full textAbstract:
British Columbia's Forest and Range Practices Act seeks to balance environmental,
economic and social interests within Crown forests. In pursuit of this goal, government is able to
create conservation areas to protect species at risk habitat, ungulate winter ranges, and old
growth forests. There has been concern from both government and non-governmental
organizations that the implementation of conservation areas has been slow, and that these areas
are inadequate to protect the biodiversity values for which they are designed. This thesis
measured the progress of conservation area establishment in the Chilliwack and Squamish forest
districts, identified and explained problems occurring during the implementation process, and
assessed the extent to which conservation areas for species at risk, ungulates and old forests were
protecting these values.
The research found that the most significant barriers to achieving government's
conservation goals were due to economic restrictions built into the regulations themselves.
Specifically, limitations on the extent to which conservation areas can impact the timber supply
render them inadequate for the protection of most species at risk examined (marbled murrelet,
coastal giant salamander, coastal tailed frog, pacific water shrew and grizzly bears); ungulate
winter ranges for deer and mountain goat in Chilliwack; and old growth forest ecosystems. The
actual establishment process has been challenged by the unwillingness of senior government
officials to support reserve implementation when there is substantial resistance from forest
licensees, and by unclear direction about the extent and location of conservation areas permitted
across the landscape.
The establishment of legally approved conservation areas has been slow due to
inadequate government resources, an uncoordinated implementation process, and conflict over
particular conservation areas. The only approved conservation areas for species at risk are for
grizzly bears, and these have taken up to seven years to establish. Ungulate winter ranges have
been approved in Squamish, after taking five to seven years of planning and negotiation; they are
still in draft form in Chilliwack, with industry and government in disagreement over their
specific boundaries. Lastly, only 60% of landscape units have legally approved conservation
areas for old growth, despite this being part of government policy since 1995.Science, Faculty of
Resources, Environment and Sustainability (IRES), Institute for
Graduate
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Abuelezam, Nadia. "Mathematical AIDS Epidemic Model: Preferential Anti-Retroviral Therapy Distribution in Resource Constrained Countries." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2009. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/hmc_theses/67.
Full textAbstract:
HIV/AIDS is one of the largest health problems the world is currently facing. Even with anti-retroviral therapies (ART), many resource-constrained countries are unable to meet the treatment needs of their infected populations. ART-distribution methods need to be created that prevent the largest number of future HIV infections. We have developed a compartment model that tracks the spread of HIV in multiple two-sex populations over time in the presence of limited treatment. The model has been fit to represent the HIV epidemic in rural and urban areas in Uganda. With the model we examine the spread of HIV among urban and rural regions and observe the effects of preferential treatment to rural areas on the spread of HIV in the country as a whole. We also investigate the effects of preferentially treating women on the spread of HIV. We find that preferentially treating urban women produces the most dramatic effect in reducing the number of infected male and females in rural and urban areas.
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Archer, William. "Regulatory opportunities and constraints facing private sector biodiversity conservation outside protected areas: A South African perspective." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/4462.
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Benson, Livia. "Social and political aspects of urban ecology : Possibilities and constraints for civicactors to influence urban green area planning at Årstafältet, Stockholm." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för biologisk grundutbildning (BIG), 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-37028.
Full textAbstract:
Answers to fundamental questions about pattern and process in the ecological and human world often comes from within the boundaries of one discipline or another, neglecting the relationships between the ecological and social systems. One manifestation of these relationships, which also forms the focus of this study, is conflicts over how to use urban green areas. Various scholars imply that civil society organisations and individual citizens can play an important role in articulating the ecological and social values that exist in much disputed green areas, and can therefore create a “protective story” to prevent exploitation. Following these implications and using a social network or social capital perspective, this study investigates a current conflict concerning Årstafältet, or the Årsta field, in Stockholm, which is suggested for exploitation, and focuses on the civic actors’ ability to participate in influencing the future of this green area. Although the conflict is still ongoing, the actors in the case study have at the present stage not been successful in protecting their green area. The results from interviews and participatory observations show the importance of accessing useful artefacts to incorporate into a protective story, and being able to present the artefacts in appropriate social arenas something that has been a limitation for the actors of Årstafältet. The actor groups’ ability to balance bridging and bonding social capital is also a factor that can have affected their success. The study further reveals a lack of democracy in the decision making process and suggest that public actors impede the participation of civic actors in contributing in the planning of urban green areas rather than facilitate their participation. In addition to highlighting some of the social and political factors that affect the emergence of green spatial structures in urban landscapes this study also establishes that the ecological perspective has been neglected in the case of Årstafältet. Following the results of the study a contemporary approach of studying urban ecology which includes attention on the mixture of social, political and ecological perspectives is encouraged for future research.
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McMullen, Sarah Margaret. "Tectonic evolution of the Bark Lake area, eastern Central Gneiss Belt, Ontario Grenville, constraints from geology, geochemistry and U-Pb geochronology." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape4/PQDD_0010/MQ48503.pdf.
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Rubilar, Rafael Alejandro. "Environmental constraints on growth phenology, leaf area display, and above and belowground biomass accumulation of Pinus radiata (D. Don) in Chile." NCSU, 2005. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/theses/available/etd-12062005-135049/.
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Environmental site-specific constraints on shoot, branch, and leaf area growth and phenology were investigated during the third and fourth growing seasons in two-year-old radiata pine plantations established under a factorial combination of soil preparation, fertilization, and weed control at three contrasting textural and climatic soil-site conditions in the Central Valley of Chile. During October 2002 and June 2005, biweekly measurements of foliage accretion, branch, and stem growth were obtained together with periodical evaluations of foliage senescence. At each site, tree growth, aboveground biomass, belowground biomass, total biomass, aboveground:belowground biomass ratio, and leaf area index increased mainly by weed control (WC). The large gradient of tree growth and biomass accumulation among sites, and within sites varying in response to WC, was mainly attributed to large differences in soil water availability and possibly atmospheric water demand differences within sites. A linear relationship was established between LAI and stand growth across sites. The slope of the relationship (stemwood growth efficiency, GE) varied from 2.9 m3ha-1year-1 to 6.8 m3ha-1year-1 per unit of leaf area, with lower growth efficiencies found on sites with the greater water constraints. Phenology of growth was little affected by site or silvicultural treatments. Seasonal differences in the patterns of growth were mainly observed among sites for diameter, with longer growing seasons at sites with lower water limitations. In contrast, strong site and silvicultural treatments effects were observed on tree morphology. Trees where water limitations were more severe exhibited fewer and shorter flushes of height growth. The negative effects of soil water limitations, were at least partially ameliorated by silvicultural treatments that had been applied three years previously. Resource availability constraints during the mid to late growing season affected diameter growth more than height growth. Phenology of fascicle elongation indicated that sites with water and nutritional constraints ended fascicle elongation earlier during a growing season. Phenology of fascicle senescence indicated that maximum needlefall occurred during the summer and autumn seasons. No differences in silvicultural treatments were observed in foliage accretion or senescence patterns. Foliage longevity increased for sites with water and nutrient limitations.
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McMullen, Sarah Margaret Carleton University Dissertation Earth Sciences. "Tectonic evolution of the Bark Lake area, Eastern Central Gneiss Belt, Ontario Grenville; constraints from geology, geochemistry and U-Pb geochronology." Ottawa, 1999.
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Van, Heerden Garth William. "Constraints to the implementation of a market development approach to the delivery of business Development Services within the Makana municipal area." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1007746.
Full textAbstract:
South Africa's biggest challenge remains the high rate of unemployment especially among the country's youth. Small, medium and micro enterprises (SMMEs) have been shown to be instrumental in many third world economies as a sustainable means not only to address unemployment but also to contribute significantly to economic growth. Despite government's good intentions and support, the South African SMME sector is not growing as expected and this is impacting negatively on unemployment creation in the country. Good business development services (BDS) is necessary to support SMMEs and specifically the Market Development Approach to the provision of BDS, where subsidies are replaced by private payment for services. Makana municipal area provided scope for analysing the constraints to the implementation of such business development services. Analysing the scope and magnitude of the constraints in this setting would contribute to understanding the constraints also in other parts of the country and help officials in local economic development make better informed decisions regarding support to SMMEs. Authors like Rogerson (2011), UNDP (2004), Miehlbradt and McVay, (2003), the Committee of Donor Agencies for SME Development (Blue book) (2001) and Bear et al., (2001) Gibson (2001), propose that the key to sustainable BDS is the implementation of the Market Development approach which focusses on for-profit activities in the provision of BDS to SMMEs. The aim of this study was to examine perceptions of key stakeholders towards SMME support and development, to identify the constraints to the implementation of a Market Development approach to the provision of business development services to SMMEs in the Makana area and to make recommendations to the Makana LED office of possible intervention strategies to address identified constraints. Purposive sampling was used to identify key stakeholders in SMME support in the Makana area in the categories of, big institutional buyers, public and private BDS providers as well the municipal LED office. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with each stakeholder using questions shown in appendixes A to D. Perceptions of all key stakeholders were very positive with good intentions to support SMMEs. However, this was not consistent with procurement practice at the big institutional buyers. Constraints are summarized in the following five themes: Theme 1. Inconsistent practice in dealing with SMMEs across the organisation. Theme 2. Absence of a cooperative body or Chamber of Commerce. Theme 3. Fragmented Business Development Services. Theme 4. A lack of a culture of cost recovery. Theme 5. Limited awareness of BDS in the Makana area. A number of recommendations were suggested. Big institutional buyers like Rhodes University and Makana municipality need to take a longer term view and move the focus from employment creation to enterprise support which is a more sustainable and empowering source of employment (ILO, 2009). The Grahamstown Chamber of Commerce should become more representative and big institutional buyers also need to be convinced of the value of private BDS. Stakeholders should work together to combine resources to offer a comprehensive one-stop BDS for the Makana area (Chetty, 2009) and this comprehensive BDS should be provided according to the Market Development approach focusing on those services that lend themselves better to this approach whilst using subsidies only for those services with a low potential for cost recovery (UNDP, 2004).
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Magilindane, Funekile. "Constraints on the wide dissemination of photovoltaic solar home systems in the rural areas of South Africa." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/6930.
Full textAbstract:
Includes bibliographical references.Renewable energy is becoming a key policy issue in the energy sector in most countries in the world. Considering various energy options, renewable energies are seen to be ecologically sustainable and they contribute towards conservation of fossil fuels as well as the environment. The use of renewables on a more significant scale than at present is very likely to replace a further significant proportion of fossil fuel use, thereby reducing the associated environmental impacts. The renewable energy sources of importance to South Africa are solar, wind and hydro-energy and energy derived from biomass. The focus of the paper however, is on domestic PV -based Solar Home Systems (SHSs). This is mainly because the principal technology being considered for household electrification in the remote rural areas at present in South Africa remains SHSs. Previous studies, however, indicate that for a variety of reasons, large-scale SHS implementation has been very difficult to achieve in South Africa. For a number of years, extensive efforts have been made in the research and implementation of solar energy technology, and it was widely anticipated that the actual numbers of installations would have assumed very high figures by now. But this has not been the case. The largest obstacles to the wide dissemination of SHSs have been singled out, namely: the high capital investment often required tor installation (which makes it very difficult tor the rural households to afford the systems); and the expectations for grid electricity. The paper argues that although affordability and grid expectations, no doubt, constrain the wide dissemination of SHSs. other factors play an equally important role. It is argued that a plethora of interlocked and mutually inclusive factors constrain the widespread use of SHS. These include factors such as: negative perceptions amongst potential users - arising from lack of system maintenance and consequent system failure; and socio-cultural dynamics. These had not been given much attention in the literature on SHS applications and programmes. yet they have enormous impact on the daily use of energy.
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Benson, Livia. "Social and political aspects of urban ecology : Possibilities and constraints for civic actors to influence urban green area planning at Årstafältet, Stockholm." Thesis, Stockholm University, Department of Biology Education, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-37028.
Full textAbstract:
Answers to fundamental questions about pattern and process in the ecological and human world often comes from within the boundaries of one discipline or another, neglecting the relationships between the ecological and social systems. One manifestation of these relationships, which also forms the focus of this study, is conflicts over how to use urban green areas. Various scholars imply that civil society organisations and individual citizens can play an important role in articulating the ecological and social values that exist in much disputed green areas, and can therefore create a “protective story” to prevent exploitation. Following these implications and using a social network or social capital perspective, this study investigates a current conflict concerning Årstafältet, or the Årsta field, in Stockholm, which is suggested for exploitation, and focuses on the civic actors’ ability to participate in influencing the future of this green area. Although the conflict is still ongoing, the actors in the case study have at the present stage not been successful in protecting their green area. The results from interviews and participatory observations show the importance of accessing useful artefacts to incorporate into a protective story, and being able to present the artefacts in appropriate social arenas something that has been a limitation for the actors of Årstafältet. The actor groups’ ability to balance bridging and bonding social capital is also a factor that can have affected their success. The study further reveals a lack of democracy in the decision making process and suggest that public actors impede the participation of civic actors in contributing in the planning of urban green areas rather than facilitate their participation. In addition to highlighting some of the social and political factors that affect the emergence of green spatial structures in urban landscapes this study also establishes that the ecological perspective has been neglected in the case of Årstafältet. Following the results of the study a contemporary approach of studying urban ecology which includes attention on the mixture of social, political and ecological perspectives is encouraged for future research.
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Hallmén, Mathias. "Map-Aided GPS Tracking in Urban Areas : Application to Runner Tracking in Sprint Orienteering." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Reglerteknik, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-121649.
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The GPS tracking in sprint orienteering is often a poor supplement to the viewer experience during events taking place in urban areas because of multipath effects. Since the GPS tracking of runners is an important means to making the sport more spectator friendly, it is of interest to make it more accurate. In this thesis project, the information provided by the map of a competition is fused with the GPS tracker position measurements and punch time data in a particle filter to create estimates of the runner trajectories. The map is used to create constraints and to predict motion of runners, as well as to create a model of the GPS reliability depending on map position. A simple observation model is implemented, using the map to decide if a GPS measurement is reliable or not depending on the distance to the closest building. A rather complex motion model is developed to predict the runner motion within the constraints given by the map. The results show that given certain conditions the improvements are vast compared to the traditional GPS tracking. The estimates are bound to possible routes, and they are often very good given that alternative route choices are easily separable. It is however principally difficult to generally improve the tracking using this method. Better measurements or observation models are needed in order to receive a fully satisfying tracking.
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Weigel, Gerolf. "The soils of the Maybar/Wello and Gununo/Sidamo area : their potential and constraints for agricultural development : a case study in the Ethiopian Highlands /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 1986. http://www.ub.unibe.ch/content/bibliotheken_sammlungen/sondersammlungen/dissen_bestellformular/index_ger.html.
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Sung, Yu Min, and 宋裕民. "On Optimizing Layout Pattern Classification under Area or Edge Constraint." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/b57yr5.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立清華大學
資訊工程學系
105
In this thesis, we study two layout pattern classification problems respectively subject to an area match constraint and an edge displacement constraint. Given a circuit layout and a set of markers, each problem asks to identify a layout clip around each marker and divide the set of layout clips into disjoint clusters such that without violating a given area match constraint or edge displacement constraint, the resultant number of clusters is as small as possible and the maximum cluster size is as large as possible. Either area match constraint or edge displacement constraint is used to well capture the similarity relations between clips and to group similar clips into a cluster. We model each problem as a graph problem (i.e., a constrained minimum dominating set problem) and solve it by an integer linear programming based method. A clip merging technique for graph size reduction is also presented to accelerate our algorithms. The efficacy of our algorithms is well supported by encouraging experimental results.
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Garga, Ganesh. "Flexible Constraint Length Viterbi Decoders On Large Wire-area Interconnection Topologies." Thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2005/975.
Full textAbstract:
To achieve the goal of efficient ”anytime, anywhere” communication, it is essential to develop mobile devices which can efficiently support multiple wireless communication standards. Also, in order to efficiently accommodate the further evolution of these standards, it should be possible to modify/upgrade the operation of the mobile devices without having to recall previously deployed devices. This is achievable if as much functionality of the mobile device as possible is provided through software. A mobile device which fits this description is called a Software Defined Radio (SDR).
Reconfigurable hardware-based solutions are an attractive option for realizing SDRs as they can potentially provide a favourable combination of the flexibility of a DSP or a GPP and the efficiency of an ASIC. The work presented in this thesis discusses the development of efficient reconfigurable hardware for one of the most energy-intensive functionalities in the mobile device, namely, Forward Error Correction (FEC). FEC is required in order to achieve reliable transfer of information at minimal transmit power levels. FEC is achieved by encoding the information in a process called channel coding. Previous studies have shown that the FEC unit accounts for around 40% of the total energy consumption of the mobile unit. In addition, modern wireless standards also place the additional requirement of flexibility on the FEC unit. Thus, the FEC unit of the mobile device represents a considerable amount of computing ability that needs to be accommodated into a very small power, area and energy budget.
Two channel coding techniques have found widespread use in most modern wireless standards -namely convolutional coding and turbo coding. The Viterbi algorithm is most widely used for decoding convolutionally encoded sequences. It is possible to use this algorithm iteratively in order to decode turbo codes. Hence, this thesis specifically focusses on developing architectures for flexible Viterbi decoders. Chapter 2 provides a description of the Viterbi and turbo decoding techniques.
The flexibility requirements placed on the Viterbi decoder by modern standards can be divided into two types -code rate flexibility and constraint length flexibility. The code rate dictates the number of received bits which are handled together as a symbol at the receiver. Hence, code rate flexibility needs to be built into the basic computing units which are used to implement the Viterbi algorithm. The constraint length dictates the number of computations required per received symbol as well as the manner of transfer of results between these computations. Hence, assuming that multiple processing units are used to perform the required computations, supporting constraint length flexibility necessitates changes in the interconnection network connecting the computing units. A constraint length K Viterbi decoder needs 2K−1computations to be performed per received symbol. The results of the computations are exchanged among the computing units in order to prepare for the next received symbol. The communication pattern according to which these results are exchanged forms a graph called a de Bruijn graph, with 2K−1nodes. This implies that providing constraint length flexibility requires being able to realize de Bruijn graphs of various sizes on the interconnection network connecting the processing units.
This thesis focusses on providing constraint length flexibility in an efficient manner. Quite clearly, the topology employed for interconnecting the processing units has a huge effect on the efficiency with which multiple constraint lengths can be supported. This thesis aims to explore the usefulness of interconnection topologies similar to the de Bruijn graph, for building constraint length flexible Viterbi decoders. Five different topologies have been considered in this thesis, which can be discussed under two different headings, as done below:
De Bruijn network-based architectures
The interconnection network that is of chief interest in this thesis is the de Bruijn interconnection network itself, as it is identical to the communication pattern for a Viterbi decoder of a given constraint length. The problem of realizing flexible constraint length Viterbi decoders using a de Bruijn network has been approached in two different ways. The first is an embedding-theoretic approach where the problem of supporting multiple constraint lengths on a de Bruijn network is seen as a problem of embedding smaller sized de Bruijn graphs on a larger de Bruijn graph. Mathematical manipulations are presented to show that this embedding can generally be accomplished with a maximum dilation of, where N is the number of computing nodes in the physical network, while simultaneously avoiding any congestion of the physical links. In this case, however, the mapping of the decoder states onto the processing nodes is assumed fixed.
Another scheme is derived based on a variable assignment of decoder states onto computing nodes, which turns out to be more efficient than the embedding-based approach. For this scheme, the maximum number of cycles per stage is found to be limited to 2 irrespective of the maximum contraint length to be supported. In addition, it is also found to be possible to execute multiple smaller decoders in parallel on the physical network, for smaller constraint lengths. Consequently, post logic-synthesis, this architecture is found to be more area-efficient than the architecture based on the embedding theoretic approach. It is also a more efficiently scalable architecture.
Alternative architectures
There are several interconnection topologies which are closely connected to the de Bruijn graph, and hence could form attractive alternatives for realizing flexbile constraint length Viterbi decoders. We consider two more topologies from this class -namely, the shuffle-exchange network and the flattened butterfly network. The variable state assignment scheme developed for the de Bruijn network is found to be directly applicable to the shuffle-exchange network. The average number of clock cycles per stage is found to be limited to 4 in this case. This is again independent of the constraint length to be supported. On the flattened butterfly (which is actually identical to the hypercube), a state scheduling scheme similar to that of bitonic sorting is used. This architecture is found to offer the ideal throughput of one decoded bit every clock cycle, for any constraint length.
For comparison with a more general purpose topology, we consider a flexible constraint length Viterbi decoder architecture based on a 2D-mesh, which is a popular choice for general purpose applications, as well as many signal processing applications. The state scheduling scheme used here is also similar to that used for bitonic sorting on a mesh.
All the alternative architectures are capable of executing multiple smaller decoders in parallel on the larger interconnection network.
Inferences
Following logic synthesis and power estimation, it is found that the de Bruijn network-based architecture with the variable state assignment scheme yields the lowest (area)−(time) product, while the flattened butterfly network-based architecture yields the lowest (area) - (time)2product. This means, that the de Bruijn network-based architecture is the best choice for moderate throughput applications, while the flattened butterfly network-based architecture is the best choice for high throughput applications. However, as the flattened butterfly network is less scalable in terms of size compared to the de Bruijn network, it can be concluded that among the architectures considered in this thesis, the de Bruijn network-based architecture with the variable state assignment scheme is overall an attractive choice for realizing flexible constraint length Viterbi decoders.
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Wu, Pey-Tsong, and 吳沛聰. "Dynamic Behavior of Cossart Close Curve Beam - Optimization with Area Constraint." Thesis, 1998. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/10836094411667379551.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立中興大學
應用數學系
86
The main goal of this research is to design an analysis process for the natural frequency, which will satisfy all the different constraints and boundary conditions. Due to the new inventory of computer technology , we can research and analysis the structural mechanics behavior precisely, and the design of structural element will be paid more attention than ever. The most important issue of analysis is to create a proper object that may match the economic efficiency. In this thesis, the curve beam is constituted with three arcs. We can analysis the natural frequency solution of close curve beam, then, we can apply Finite Difference method with change of the arc diameter, curve degree and span as long as the shape of curve beam, so we can get (1)the natural frequency of curve beam (2)the lowest frequency of various spans and areas (3)the result comparison under different boundary conditions.
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Tzeng, Ing-Jiuh, and 曾應鉅. "A Study on Activity Constraint of Coastal Recreation in Qijin Area." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/29696739768768183345.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立高雄海洋科技大學
海洋事務與產業管理碩士學位學程
102
Recently, there are more than 5 millions tourists in Qijin, Kasosiung but the coastal activites were attracted very few tourists. The purpose of the study aims to understand the leisure constraint of tourist for participation of marine sport in Qijin. Combining the opinion of the experts and the visitors to estimate the important constraints for enhancing participation. First, using analytic hierarchy process (AHP) to establish the constraints of the coastal activies, and to get its weighting according to the expert opinion. Then through 300 questionnaires to understand the constraints which hindering tourists to participate the aquatic activities. The results show that the most important constrain was strengthening marine safety in the dangerous area of seas. The others were offer real-time imformation about marine safety, maintain the equipments regularly, heightening tourist’s ability of swimming and self-help ability and reducing risk by aquatic safety training. The study shows that the most impotant was marine safety management and safety environment because Qijin was the top ten of dangerous marine areas in Taiwan according to the report of the central government. Our suggestion were to strengthen marine safety management and life-saving capabilities, and to provide the comprehensive mechanism for emergency rescue. Furthermore, enhance their swimming ability and advocacy education of marine safety were also important, including the skill to escape away from rip currents. Keywords: analytic hierarchy process (AHP), marine safety, emergency rescue mechanism
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吳沛聰. "Dynamic Behavior of Cossart Close Curve Beam - Optimization with Area Constraint." Thesis, 1998. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/47981052236267854061.
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Chu, Hung-Chun, and 朱弘鈞. "Study on the Relationship between Motivation and Leisure Constraint of Serious Leisure Cyclists-in Pingtung Area." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/23800399264740760454.
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碩士國立屏東科技大學
景觀暨遊憩管理研究所
97
Abstract Student ID: M9667017 Total page: 86 Title of thesis: Study on the Relationship between Motivation and Leisure Constraint of Serious Leisure cyclists-In Pingtung Area Name of Institute: Graduate Institute of Landscape Architecture and Recreation Management, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology Graduate date: June, 2008 Degree Conferred:Master Name of student: Chu, Hung-Chun Adviser: Lung-Ming Tsai, Ph.D The contents of abstract in this thesis: With an emerging environmental awareness, the bicycle is generally regarded as a green transportation means ideal for short-distance travel, while world industrialized countries are campaigning in the name of environmental protection and leisure sports in anticipation of integrating the bicycle into the daily life of the general public. In recent years, local scholars have discovered that bicycles are gradually becoming an emerging mode in local travel, while past studies also discover that as bicycle riders of different characteristics have different environmental requirements, there are many subjects derived from which that warrant for further examination. With that, the study aims to further examine whether any variation exists among the viewpoint of the respondents toward their leisure motivation and constraints by adopting the serious leisure characteristic as the segmentation variables, and to sort out the current state of bicycle development and user characteristics in the Pingtung area in an attempt to provide a reference base on bicycle development in the Pintung area from the aspect of demand surveying. The study has distributed a total of 430 questionnaires, and recalled a total of 406 effective questions, and adopted the statistical software SPSS as the analysis tool, through which to instill a correlation model for each variable, which are put through the chi-square analysis, One-Way ANOVA, correlation analysis, factor analysis, with the research findings concluded as follows, The analysis shows that the differences in serious leisure characteristics vary ominously in the perspectives of activity objective, activity distance, time spent, and choice of routes.The analysis finds that respondents with a higher level of serious leisure emphasize most on “social” leisure motivation, and recognize the “individual inherent constraint” to be the highest among all leisure constraints, suggesting that there are indeed variations in the viewpoints among respondents with varied levels of interest. The higher the level of serious leisure, the stronger the level of emphasis will be on the “individual inherent constraint” and the “structural constraint”, while the correlation to the “individual inherent constraint” is found greater than that of the “structural constraint”. The correlation between the overall leisure motivation and constraints is not as high as expected. Keywords: Serious leisure, leisure motivation, leisure constraint, bicycle leisure participants
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Wu, Ya-Han, and 吳亞翰. "A Study of Using Coordinate Transformation with Area Constraint to Improve the Efficiency of Graphic Area’s Land Revision." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/53121723733820035748.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立中興大學
土木工程學系所
97
This study used the coordinate transformation with area constraint to analyze one section of Beitun District, Taichung City. After limiting the block undergoing measurement, the area was equivalent to actual area after coordinate transfer. The transfer result was compared with traditional coordinate transfer result, so as to find out area queries that cannot be detected in traditional coordinate transfer result, and improve the efficiency of land revision in graphic area. The results showed that, the transferred area of limited block can be equivalent to actual area by constraining the area of single block. If the area condition is composed of common points with high precision, the plane precision is slightly lower than the traditional method by 0.5 cm after transformation. Secondly, constraining the areas of multiple blocks at the same time cannot equate the area after transformation of each block with the actual area, but compared to the traditional method, the area limited transformation result would be closer to actual area (i.e. the mean difference of limited blocks decreased from 23.03 m2 to 0.81 m2). According to the transformation method of this study, in the experimental area, 6% of over-tolerance land parcels determined by the traditional method were within the tolerance range; while 5% of in-tolerance land parcels were out of the tolerance range. Moreover, this study also discussed the deterioration of plane precision, resulted from additional area constraint. Control point were added to the iterative process to obtain a balance between plane precision and area constraint, so that the precision of areas that did not pass the statistic test can be improved. The methods and result obtained of this study can be applied in land revision and relevant researches in the future.
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Feng, Han-Ting, and 馮瀚亭. "Zircon U-Pb Dating Constraint on the Formation Age of Metamorphic Rocks in the Suao-Nanao Area, Northern Taiwan." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/50666057639137521839.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺灣大學
地質科學研究所
99
The Tananao Schist, located in the northern Central Range, is considered as the oldest formation in Taiwan. It is mainly composed of schist, marble, amphibolite, and granitic gneiss. Because of the complicated tectonic and metamorphic history, and the lack of fossils and radiometric dating, it’s hard to confirm the relationship between formation age and occurrence. U-Pb ages of detrital zircon represent the age of sediment source, and the youngest age may be close to or older than the formation age. Therefore, we try to use zircon U-Pb dating to discuss the formation age.We collected samples from the Suao Formation, the Nansuao Formation, the Tungao Schist, the Nanaoling Schist, the Wuta Schist, and the Fangpouchienshan Gneiss along the Suhua highway which include metasandstone, quartz-mica schist, green schist, metamorphic pyroclastics, gneiss and amphibolite. The youngest age of detrital zircon from each formation shows in below: metasandstone the Suao Formation—28.3±1 Ma, the Nansuao Formation—26.4±1 Ma, the Tungao Schist—89±4 Ma (green schist) and 74±2 Ma (quartz-mica schist), the Nanaoling Schist—143±3 Ma (green schist) and 87±2 Ma (quartz-mica schist), the Wuta Schist—113±2 Ma (green schist) and 166±4 Ma (metamorphic pyroclastics), the Fangpouchienshan Gneiss—92±2 Ma. From result extrapolation, the Suao Formation and the Nansuao Formation may be close to or younger than the late Oligocene; the Tungao Schist and the Fangpouchienshan Gneiss may be close to or younger than late Cretaceous; the Wuta Schist may be close to middle Jurassic to early Cretaceous. And we classified the Nanaoling Schist to the Tungao Schist and the Wuta Schist.
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Chen, Shu-o., and 陳淑娥. "The Study of Leisure Participation, Leisure Motivation, Leisure Constraint and Work Pressure of Domestic Service Workers in Kaohsiung Area." Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/87212988104171095230.
Full textAbstract:
碩士南華大學
旅遊事業管理學研究所
94
By virtue of the empirical research, the purpose of the thesis is to understand the present situation about the domestic service workers'' leisure participation, leisure motivation, leisure constraint and work pressure in Kaohsiung city and to realize the relationship between work pressure and leisure participation pattern. The research is held in Kaohsiung city where the domestic service workers are surveyed with questionnaires. A total number of 252 valid samples were obtained. According to the findings of the survey, the conclusions are as follows: 1.The leisure activities can be divided into six types: domestic, relaxing, hobbies, technical, recreational and athletic. Among the above, the average of domestic activities is the highest, which means most of the leisure participation is the domestic activity. 2.Generally speaking, the domestic service workers have strong leisure motives but low leisure constraints and work pressure. It''s likely because they have lower social and economical status and lower request for life and work. As a result, they can get satisfied more easily. 3.The leisure participation is partially related to the work pressure. 4.The leisure participation can be highly forecasted based on leisure motives, and the linear regression model is statistically significant. However, the leisure participation can not be easily forecasted based on leisure constraints, and the relationship between them is not statistically significant
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Huei, Chen Jia, and 陳佳蕙. "The Study on Leisure Attitudes, and Leisure Constraint Students of High School-A Cross Sectional in Tai-chung County Area." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/84360945328485307451.
Full textAbstract:
碩士亞洲大學
經營管理學系碩士班
95
The research purpose is because of five point: (1)Understand the recreation attitude of duty students of high school of Taichung. (2)Understand that duty student of high school of Taichung participate in recreation to hinder. (3)The one that understood student's background of duty of high school of Taichung and changed one is different, and hinder difference of showing in the recreation attitude. (4)The one that understood duty students of high school of Taichung in the recreation attitude and hindered is relevant. (5)Research if participating in the attitude and hindering to student's recreation activity of duty of high school of Taichung from via this research and grinding and drafting conclusion and suggestion, will offer the reference of the education circle and academic research. Hinder and amount to six aspects etc. And amount to31questions in accordance with following recreation attitude, recreation. Diving layer and sample through the area of Taichung, study 14 common private duty schools of high school of parent, go on through questionnaire investigation, amounting to 540 questionnaires, retrieve 510 effective questionnaires, the area of recovery is 91%. Research of participating in the attitude and hindering with student's recreation activity of duty of high school of Taichung in this research, analyse that gets five conclusions to click in the course: (1)Recreation power degree, attitude of aspect leave recreation emotion on situation, cognitive recreation have, lie fallow the behavior. (2)Recreation hinders the power degree of the aspect from arranging in an order the situation to hinder for individual inherently, hinders structurally, hinders among persons. (3)Attend school attribute will attitude to extent different recreation because different, with reflect directly, participate in recreation attitude lacking even more and activity in parents' education degree again; Understand clear enough for the attribute difference performance of studying in the school, the upward pressure of the study and spending the time number of the classroom. Different because on job classification of parents, patents' education degree too, offer a duty to the high school of Taichung to grow student's recreation to hinder. (4)According to summary statement or every aspect factor, student's recreation attitude of the duty of high school of Taichung and recreation hinder and all present the positive correlation situation. (5)Finally, this research the relevant suggestion on government bodies, educational administration, home education, in order to the reference of participating in the attitude and hindering as the duty student of high school in the area of Tai-chung activity.
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Lin, Hsiu-Ching, and 林秀卿. "Leisure Participation and Factors of Leisure Constraint and Facilitator of Administrative Teachers of the Public High Schools in Taipei Metropolitan Area." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/62555923587368351108.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺灣師範大學
公民教育與活動領導學系在職進修碩士班
98
The purpose of this study was to investigate the leisure participation, leisure constraints and leisure facilitators of the administrative teachers in Taipei metropolitan area. In addition, this study also examined the relationship of background characteristics, factors of leisure constraint and facilitator, and leisure participation among these administrative teachers. For the abovementioned purposes, the study used a cross-sectional research design. Cluster sampling was used to obtain the desired sample. 516 administrative teachers of the public high schools in Taipei metropolitan area were selected. The data were collected using “The Leisure Participation Questionnaire of High School Administrative Teachers in Taipei Metropolitan Area.” A total of 473 valid responses were achieved. The valid response rate was 91.7%. Descriptive statistics, one-way ANOVA, and hierarchical multiple regression analyses were conducted to analyze the data using SPSS 18.0 for Windows. The major findings are listed as followings: 1. The administrative teachers have a medium level (between “sometimes participate” and “seldom participate”) of participation in the following five type of leisure activities and they are listed in sequence: “Relaxing”, “Knowledge and Art”, “Social Activity and Entertainment”, “Outdoor Sport”, and “Personal Hobby”. Compare to factors of leisure constraints, leisure facilitators have a larger impact on these administrative teachers’ participation in leisure activities. 2. In terms of leisure participation, female administrative teachers participate more frequently than their male counterparts do in “Knowledge and Art” activities. In “Personal Hobby” activities, administrative teachers with 11- to 15- year teaching experience participate more frequently than those with less teaching experience. Junior high school administrative teachers also participate more frequently than senior high school and complete high school administrative teachers do. In “Outdoor Sport” and “Social Entertainment” activities, junior high school administrative teachers’ frequency of participation is significantly higher than that of complete high school administrative teachers’. 3. In hierarchical multiple regression analyses, background characteristics of the administrative teachers and factors of leisure facilitator were significant in predicting the administrative teachers’ participation in all leisure activities Based on the results, suggestions for educational authority, leisure industry, administrative teachers, and future researchers were proposed.
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Hsieh, ChengChi, and 謝正驥. "Late Pleistocene Environmental Changes in San-liao-wan Area, Southwestern Taiwan: Constraint with Organic Carbon Isotopes of Modern and Core Sediments." Thesis, 1999. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/17688661015132787684.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺灣大學
地質學研究所
87
This study carried out organic carbon contents and isotopic compositions of core sediments from San-liao-wan area, southwestern Taiwan. For the purpose of discrimination of the source of organic carbon sources, strata of sandstone and shale from catchment area and modern sediments such as shallow marine, lagoon and riverine sediments were analyzed. The isotopic results of strata from catchment area were as light as C3 plants, which indicates that the values were affected by higher diagenesis. The riverine sediments were screened into two parts: the δ13C values of coarse grain fraction vary within 70/00 which represents the different vegetation assemblages along the river, and the δ13C values of the fine grain fraction distribute mostly in a narrow range which is close to that of catchment strata. The δ13C values of shallow marine and lagoon are very close, and it implies that their source of organic matter might be very similar. Based on the 14C ages, the correlation is made between the organic carbon isotopic data of San-liao-wan core sediments and the global sea-level curve. At the interval of 25.7-100m, corresponding to the early to middle of Stage 1, the δ13C values fall in the range of shallow marine and lagoon sediments, and it suggests that the sedimentary environment of San-liao-wan area during the time period might be shallow marine to lagoon. At the interval of 0 to 25.7m, the δ13C values become fluctuated due to the contribution of terrestrial organic matter. At the interval of 100 to 150m, i.e. Stage 2, the heavier δ13C values imply that C4 plants had been an important organic matter source and the climate had been relative arid. At the interval of 150 to 200m, i.e. Stage 3, the δ13C values were fluctuated which suggests that there were several transgression and regression.
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HSIN, PI-CHIH, and 辛碧枝. "The Research on Recreational Sport Participation and Leisure Constraint of the Elementary School Teachers for Chi-Shan Area in Kaohsiung City." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/m5zup7.
Full textAbstract:
碩士大仁科技大學
休閒事業管理研究所
104
In recent year ,the government promote recreational sport ,the income rises in Taiwan ,people emphasize on recreational sport.By taking exercise,people relieve stress,taking relax,increasing efficiency.Researcher go to work in Chi-Shan area.This area is a few of sporting place. The purpose of this study was to investigatethe differences between the recreational sport participation and constraints of elementary school teachers in the Kaohsiung Chi-Shan area. Take the 104 school year working in Chi-Shan area,including Chi-Shan District, Meinong District, Neimen District, Shanlin District, Jiasian District, Namasia District, Liouguei District, Maolin District, and Taoyuan District questionnair.With cluster sampling, spending 292 questionnaires to the elementary school teacher in Chi-Shan area, and receiving 263 valid questionnaires and approaches 95% high response rate.The study SPSS for Windows 12.0 as the statistical method, and conducts general description of sampling, factor analysis, independent sampling student t test, ANOVA. The result shows as follows： 1.Elementary school teachers in Chi-Shan, recreational sports average2-4 times every week usually on weekend or holiday.Theirrecreational sports participation isafter 16:30 spending 60 minutes everytime.Information comes from their friends or family. They are very busy that they cannot participate in physical activity mostly.And they alwaystakepart in“outdoorsports”. 2.There is a significant difference between recreational sports participation in current situation and sexes, level of education, marital statuses. 3.All of constraints, they had higher experiential constraints. Experiential constraints had the personal experience ,perception ,interest , bias ,attitude ,motivation, and skills. 4.In the aspect of recreational sports impediment factors. There is a significant difference between level of education, service seniority, job title, marital statuses.
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Tiao, Yi-Jeng, and 刁怡仍. "The Study of Leisure Sport Participation and Leisure Constraint Factors in Kaohsiung’s Junior High School Health and Physical Education Learning Area Teacher." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/11756920701882076315.
Full textAbstract:
碩士樹德科技大學
經營管理研究所
100
The main purpose of this study was to understand the existing condition of leisure sport participation in junior high school health and physical education learning area (HPE) teachers. Furthermore, we discussed the differences between varied background variables teachers in leisure sport participation and leisure constraint factors. HPE teachers of 94 junior high schools in 38 districts of Kaohsiung City were the subjects for this study, and the research tool was " Questionnaire for Kaohsiung City junior high school health and physical education learning area teachers existing condition of leisure sport participation and leisure constraint factors ". Cluster sampling technique was taken, 226 questionnaires were issued, and 200 questionnaires were retrieved. Percentage of retrieving were 88.5％. The results after analysis were as follow: 57% subjects participated in leisure sports regularly, and the most 3 frequent leisure sports that our subjects participated in were jogging, badminton and bike riding. The top 3 of leisure constraint factors in Kaohsiung City junior high school HPE teachers were busy with official duties, lack of indoor sport grounds and appropriate leisure sports events. There are differences between varied marriges and duties in enviroment factor. It needs to be promoted the conditions of leisure sport participation in junior high school HPE teachers. In addition, the enviroment of leisure sport participation in female HPE teachers should be improve. Finally, we expect the leisure sport participation in junior high school HPE teachers should be promote by improving 「Time factor」 and 「Place/ Environment factor」.
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Ling, Chen Yen, and 陳燕鈴. "The relationships between leisure motivation, leisure constraint and leisure satisfaction of employees in financial service industry – for example in the Tainan area." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/68783580063808365336.
Full textAbstract:
碩士南台科技大學
休閒事業管理系
97
Due to pressure of competition from the same trade, long working hours, bad economic situation, and personal pressure affecting health, turnover rate of financial service industry employees has always been high. How to recover from fatigue and use free time to take healthful leisure activities become an important issue for employees in this industry. From February 2001, the two-day-off-per-week system was implemented in Taiwan, meaning that leisure activities have become a main part in life. People take leisure activities to get relaxed. Appropriate release of pressure to gain balance between body and mind to create better service quality and sales is what the companies and employees are delighted to see. This paper focuses on leisure motivation, leisure constraint and leisure satisfaction with reference of study results of specialists and study of their theories and information. The research population is financial service industry with sampled employees in Tainan for survey. Statistics test analysis is made with descriptive statistics, factor analysis, reliability analysis, relevant analysis, regression analysis and variance analysis with following results: 1.The factor analysis in leisure motivation dimension included intelligence, social intercourse and sports, and stimulation-evasion; leisure constraint covered those among people and self-barriers, structural barriers and barriers from relatives and friends; leisure satisfaction included factors of aesthetics and society, relaxation, and psychology. 2.Leisure motivation and leisure constraint did not have significant correlation. 3.Leisure motivation has distinctive influence on leisure satisfaction. 4.Leisure constraint has significant influence on leisure satisfaction. 5.Population properties of employees in financial service industry did not show significant difference in leisure motivation, leisure constraint and leisure satisfaction.
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Lin, Tsui-Fang, and 林翠芳. "Study on the Constraint Factors and Teaching Needs of Implementing Outdoor Environmental Education for Elementary School Teachers in Nantou County – Case Study of Xitou Nature Education Area." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/01516660075643337609.
Full textAbstract:
碩士康寧大學
休閒資源暨綠色產業研究所
100
We investigate the environmental education about the existing circumstances, the difficulty and the requirement for elementary school teachers in Nantou county. We use the questionnaire to obtain the statistical data and test the letter and validity via the chi-square test, t-test, and one-way ANOVA analysis. The major reason to choose Xitou Nature Education Area for outdoor environmental education is because of the rich natural resources there. Most situations are that the same level of students practice outdoor environmental education via narrators within a day. However, it is hard to practice when we consider the convenience and safety in traffic and the major knowledge of teachers. As well as we want to implement outdoor environmental education, full network resources and soft-hard facilities are important for explaining the environment. Transportation assistance and support from the school will enhance the outdoor environmental education. Although there is a significant difference for teachers with various backgrounds in elementary schools, the demand for implementing outdoor environmental education is very high. The conclusions in our research can provide the consultation for the government or other researchers.
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Tsai, Yi-Da, and 蔡易達. "Power-Constrained Rate Adaptation In Wireless Body Area Networks." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/03013417734265250167.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立交通大學
電子工程系所
97
A wireless body area network (WBAN) is a wireless network that incorporates embedded sensors on the human body with the aim to monitor physiological parameters from multiple patient bodies. WBANs increases the comfort and mobility of patients while allowing remote access of data whenever necessary. The paper proposes an adaptive rate switching MAC protocol for WBAN to resist the frequent changing of channel quality and meanwhile, the protocol increases the network throughput and decreases the energy consumption. In wireless environments of WBAN, channel quality varies with time. The proposed protocol dynamically detects the current RSSI to estimate the channel quality through the previous average RSSI value calculated. According to the results generated from the proposed protocol, the proposed protocol enables a transmitter WSN to select an appropriate transmission rate dynamically to transmit in order to both increase the reliability and shorten the channel access time of the transmission. The simulation results show our proposed protocol has better performance, higher transmission reliability, higher network throughput and lower transmission energy consumption by the rate matching.
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Huang, Wei-Ning, and 黃偉寧. "The Acceleration of Pipeline Workloads under the FPGA Area and Bandwidth Constraints." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/93024733316172746678.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺灣大學
資訊工程學研究所
102
This work is motivated by the advance of heterogeneous computing and the strong demands of workload acceleration in practice. By considering pipeline workloads over FPGA, this thesis explores a systematic methodology to configure the hardware instances of each pipeline stage such that the maximum of the execution time of each stage is minimized, where FPGA allocation with the memory bandwidth constraint is considered. For the target problem, an algorithm is proposed and proved being optimal, and a real implementation study is conducted. In the experimental study, an image filter FPGA implementation can outperform the CPU, GPU, and baseline FPGA solutions by 460%, 73%, and 1030%, respectively. Extensive simulations were also conducted with a large FPGA size to show the scalability of this work.
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Chen, Jian-Yu, and 陳建宇. "Area minimization synthesis for reconfigurable single-electron transistor arrays with fabric constraints." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/11063249862134313066.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立交通大學
電子工程學系 電子研究所
102
As fabrication process exploits even deeper submicron technology, power dissipation has become a crucial issue for electronic circuit and system design nowadays. In particular, leakage power is becoming a dominant source of power consumption. In recent years, the reconfigurable single-electron transistor (SET) array has been considered as the promising device for continuing Moore’s Law due to its ultra-low power consumption. Several automated mapping approaches have been developed for the reconfigurable SET array. However, all of these approaches only consider fabrication constraints in last stages. When they are applied to real implementation the results could be inefficient. If we consider the constraints in earlier steps during developing algorithms, the area of SET array can be further minimized. In this thesis, we propose a constraint-aware column ordering and dynamic row ordering to tackle the ordering problems. Experimental results show that the proposed approaches can improve the number of hexagons and width up to 18% and 18% respectively as compared to an existing state-of-the-art approach.