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1
Hniloskurenko, Mariia. "INTERACTIVE RECREATION IN CITY HISTORICAL ENVIRONMENT." Research and methodological works of the National Academy of Visual Arts and Architecture, no. 28 (December 15, 2019): 5–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.33838/naoma.28.2019.5-10.
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Studies of recreational processes in the city, the specifics of urban life, trends in the recreation areas organization both in domestic practice and in foreign experience are relevant and timely. Sustainable development of the city involves the stable functioning of the city structure to meet the material and spiritual needs of society, provide the rational use of available resources and potential, form the favourable conditions for human existence in the historically established environment of the city. This process is based on the search for optimal solutions of the city development, determination of the directions of urban areas functioning, taking into account the current trends and patterns of the urban structure development and the formation of relevant scenarios and plans on its bases.
 The urban area on the whole is an important and limited city resource, therefore the effective use of existing territories is especially important for the sustainable development of the city. The creation of interactive recreation centres within the downtown historical buildings could be the solution to many problems, because interactivity implies diversity, which in terms of city-planning requires making of recreation areas as multifunctional and flexible spaces where the residents could spend their time interesting and useful. The public social space is necessary not only for satisfying the population’s needs, but also for their forming and developing. In the context of present-day segregation of city residents and the absence of permanent information-bearer channels, it is the city-planning streets and square interiors of the city that can become an information and communicative space. The role of public space restoration will provide for the integrity of the city in its city-planning, cultural and social aspects. After all, public spaces are one of the key components of an individual’s comfortable existence and coexistence with the society in general; these are places of collective and individual development and unity of people with the rich historical, architectural and natural heritage of urban substance. A solution of a city historical environment and cultural heritage preservation issue is a significant contribution to the future national development based on the study of the historical achievements of the past, which has no alternatives in creating the attractive interactive recreation areas in the centres of historical cities.
2
Jojic-Glavonjic, Tamara, Vlasta Kokotovic-Kanazir, and Marija Ljakoska. "Local population analysis in the function of the protected area sustainable development." Journal of the Geographical Institute Jovan Cvijic, SASA 71, no. 3 (2021): 265–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/ijgi2103265j.
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The research focus of the paper is set on the socio-economic potential of a protected area, as a key factor and a prerequisite for its development. The spatial framework of the research includes five settlements in the vicinity of Special Nature Reserve ?Carska Bara? (Northern Serbia). For the purpose of this research, they are classified into two groups, based on their distance from the fundamental phenomenon. The demographic characteristics analyses of the study area include basic demographic determinants such as population structures and migration characteristics. Population data related to the change in the number of inhabitants and the types of the total population movement were collected and analyzed, and a comparative analysis of the aging index was performed as well. In order to better understand the condition of the economic structure, the economic activity, and the structure of the active population performing occupation were analyzed by activity sections. The current state of the social infrastructure (schools, primary health care facilities, pharmacies, post offices, sports, and recreation facilities) was also considered, as one of the qualities of life indicators of the local population. The obtained results indicate an unfavorable demographic picture of the analyzed areas. These are smaller population areas, predominantly inhabited by population of the old age groups. Although they are in protected areas which, in the context of tourism, are abounding in natural potentials, but without implementing significant steps and certain measures, no progress and improvement of the demographic condition can be expected.
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Dorokhina, Hanna. "RETAIL PARKS AS ONE OF THE MODERN TRENDS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF SHOPPING AND ENTERTAINMENT CENTRES AND SPACES." Spatial development, no. 10 (November 29, 2024): 60–70. https://doi.org/10.32347/2786-7269.2024.10.60-70.
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The article considers the conditions of organization of retail parks, which are quite new for Ukraine, as shopping and entertainment centres. It analyses experience of formation, socio-economic factors of organization of this type of shopping and entertainment centres, makes a classification and offers main schemes of the functional process. The analysis of experience has shown that modern retail parks under construction in the world are significantly superior in terms of the quality of area improvement Ukrainian counterparts. It has been found that retail parks in the world are acquiring the features of a modern public space for recreation for the whole family. On this basis, a model of interaction between social infrastructure and retail parks is considered. In particular, it is proposed to combine retail parks with public green areas, to develop fitness and recreation programmes on their territory. It is also proposed to combine retail parks with modern industrial facilities, thereby improving the quality of the latter's environment and using the transport infrastructure common to both types of facilities. The list of shops and services located in such retail parks will depend on the theme and local conditions of a particular type of facility. For retail parks that do not have specific conditions, basketball and volleyball courts, roller skating rinks, tennis and badminton courts, chess clubs, etc. can be used as social and public spaces. According to the proposed functional and planning structure, the location of these public functions can be either within the planning structure of the retail park or near it. Further work in this area of research should focus on a more detailed study of the functional combination of retail parks' shopping areas with the public and social environment.
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Snihur, K. V. "GREEN ZONES OF UKRAINIAN CITIES: PROBLEMS, OPPORTUNITIES AND PRIORITIES OF DEVELOPMENT." Visnyk of Donetsk National University of Economics and Trade named after Mykhailo Tugan-Baranovsky, no. 1 (74) 2021 (2021): 82–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.33274/2079-4819-2021-74-1-82-90.
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Objective. The objective of the article is to identify problems, opportunities and priorities for the development of green areas of Ukrainian cities. Methods. The results of scientific research are obtained using a set of general and special research methods, namely: theoretical generalization (to study the essence of the definition of «green zone of the city»), factor analysis, systems analysis and synthesis (to determine the functions of green zones of cities and ways to measure economic value of green areas), statistical method (for processing and analysis of information on the structure of green areas of Ukraine, landscape-urbanization structure of green areas of cities and processing of statistical data on compliance with sanitary norms on green areas) abstract-logical method (in determining the main problems, opportunities and priorities for the development of urban green areas), abstract-theoretical method (for theoretical generalization and formation of conclusions). Results. The study finds that the green zone of the city should be considered as a set of various greenery, which are a functional component of the spatial organization of the city and suburban area, and determines that the main functions of urban green areas are economic, environmental and social, which are implemented in such areas: economic development, protection and rehabilitation of the urban environment, recreation and tourism, architectural planning, protection and preservation of landscapes. According to the results of processing and analysis of statistical data on the structure of green areas of Ukraine and landscape-urbanization structure of green areas of cities, it is established that in the structure of green areas of Ukrainian cities the area is 45 %, limited use and special purpose are 30 % and 25 % respectively, the ratio of green areas of public use shows that the area of parks of culture and recreation, urban parks and squares is almost 41 %, embankments and boulevards — 20 %, water parks, meadows, forest parks — 13 % and other facilities — 33 %. Based on the analysis, it is determined that only 16.7 % of cities adhere to sanitary norms on the area of green plantations in cities, and 25 % of cities have an indicator lower than the average in Ukraine. According to the results of the study, the absence of a national policy for the development of green areas of the city is established and ways to form effective green and recreational spaces of Ukrainian cities are proposed.
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Storozhuk, Svitlana, Anastasia Iniakina, and Yulia Mustyats. "RELEVANCE OF RENOVATION OF URBAN SPACE PARKS ON THE EXAMPLE OF LUZANOVKA HYDROPARK IN ODESSA." Urban development and spatial planning, no. 80 (May 30, 2022): 378–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.32347/2076-815x.2022.80.378-388.
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The article discusses the possibility of renovating park areas in order to create public spaces, taking into account all the existing problems of this area, the wishes of residents and the foundations of sustainable development. The main objectives of the study are: to analyze the environmental, natural and anthropogenic factors of mutual influence, as well as the interaction of the relevant systems in areas with urban development, its slow development, and especially during reconstruction and renovation; to substantiate the problem of renovation of urban spaces in the ratio of city-forming zones (industrial, rural and recreational); trace the development of park areas in connection with the development of the city and determine ways to solve the problems of renovation of urban spaces; present a comprehensive architectural concept of linking park and recreation areas and development of the coast of the Odessa Bay. After analyzing the history of the emergence and development of parks in Ukraine, first of all, the historical features of the territory where the hydropark "Luzanovka" is located, the importance of this park area for various factors (environmental, social, urban planning, etc.) is revealed. The introduction of new functions in the territories of historical parks, the competent development of an urban planning structure through the renovation and rehabilitation of the territory will lead to an influx of funds and investors, and will make it possible to reproduce and maintain parks at a new historical stage. The article presents the features of the design and renovation of parks, identifies trends in the further development of the territory, presents social and environmental effects, and provides an example of a project for the renovation of the Luzanovka hydropark.
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Amosov, Iurii. "Analysis of the planning, functional, and volumetric-spatial organization of temporary settlements." Current problems of architecture and urban planning, no. 68 (March 29, 2024): 94–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.32347/2077-3455.2024.68.94-110.
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This article examines the experience of planning temporary settlements for the affected and displaced persons, evaluating global and domestic approaches. The analysis encompasses urban planning situations, volumetric-spatial, and functional-planning organization of temporary residential structures, defining typological characteristics and categorizing them. The main focus is on the functioning of temporary settlements using open, semi-open, and closed systems within the structure of habitation. The analysis of global practical experience reveals that at the urban planning level, temporary settlements constitute a structural and planning element primarily constrained by the population size and the potential use of existing service infrastructure. These indicators dictate the placement of this element (temporary settlement) within the settlement system and its functional purpose (transit or long-term settlements), consequently influencing the operational period (from a few months to half a year, up to 1 year, over 1 year, or indefinitely). The most common type is a settlement with a population capacity of up to 500 individuals, with the distinction of a residential zone as the main, and in some cases, the only zone (without the development of a public area or a common space core). Less widespread are settlements with a population capacity of over 500 to 1000 individuals, where a public center with facilities for domestic services, recreation, education, and work-related activities begins to form, mainly in the central core of the structure. An uncommon type of settlement is a residential structure with a capacity exceeding 1000 individuals, featuring the development of a comprehensive public center with a hierarchical network of sub-centers for social and domestic services and recreation, serving as nuclei for the formation of residential groups. Such settlements operate as closed self-servicing systems, meaning they are not dependent on functional connections with the community or the city within the settlement system. The planning aspects derived from global and Ukrainian experiences necessitate defining a temporary settlement as a new element in the urban planning system. Additionally, there is a need for further typological grouping of the reviewed examples of temporary settlements based on their interdependent developmental characteristics.
7
Dashiev, Timur A. "Efficiency evaluation of urban planning in Irkutsk using space syntax methods." Journal «Izvestiya vuzov. Investitsiyi. Stroyitelstvo. Nedvizhimost» 11, no. 4 (2021): 690–703. http://dx.doi.org/10.21285/2227-2917-2021-4-690-703.
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The present work presents a topological analysis of Irkutsk, studying its city structure, identifying ways of improving the social efficiency of urban functional zoning and proposals for its spatial development. In order to determine the urban development controlled by an architect, as well as the available re-sources, the data on the sociology of architecture and the structure of architectural space were col-lected and analysed. The emergent properties of the axial map for the transport network were evaluat-ed using the tools of spatial syntax. In order to determine trends in urban development, a comparative analysis of city integration maps in 1940 and 2021 was performed. It was concluded that functional ar-eas with the most users are concentrated in the historical centre; however, the integration centre ex-panded over time and reached former suburbs. Daily labour migrations confirm the social inefficiency of this situation. The identified emergent properties allowed the axial spaces to be classified into streets in the foreground and palisade. The plans for spatial development published on the web page of the city administration were analysed for compliance with the integration map. As a result, forming the sub-centres with high function concentration in the area of the city integration centre, having the Irkutsk sub-centre in the Zhilkino microdistrict, was proposed. The research showed that the develop-ment concept adopted in the city fails to meet the integration resources.
8
Savitskaya, O., and O. Vasylenko. "CURRENT STATE AND PROSPECTS OF DEVELOPMENT OF THE COASTAL AREA OF ODESSA." Problems of theory and history of architecture of Ukraine, no. 20 (May 12, 2020): 18–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.31650/2519-4208-2020-20-18-27.
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This article is a response to the urgent problem of the development and use of the coastal territories of Odessa. Based on the analysis of the historical, social, urban planning and economic context, the article argues the landscape and recreational direction of the development of coastal territories. In addition, the principles, main stages and methods for the formation and maintenance of this territory on a scale from improvement to the urban development role in the city system have been identified. The analysis of trends and problems of sustainable urban devel- opment. In creating a ―sustainable‖ urban environment, the role of various specialists is extremely important: urban planners, architects, ecologists, and ―urbanisms‖ of various ―urban‖ specialties. Only by methods of an integrated approach is it possible to create a full-fledged space, intercon- nected with nature, historical and cultural monuments. With a good location relative to the city, Odessa slopes are not balanced in function and in intensity of operation, which leads to their inefficient use and economic loss of the territory. The analysis revealed a complex of accumulated problems. These are administrative-political, social functional, economic,ecological, cultural. The article proposes an Accession Program promoting park protection – attracting political and public organizations, as well as possible formats for attracting investments. All this is formed under the condition of: – complete conservation of green areas; point inclusion of improvement in the structure of the park; improvement of roads and trails; the formation of places of various saturation and functionality; conservation of the ―wild‖ park. The concept of coastal development is unambiguously a landscape-recreational zone. This determines the maximum recreation, development, improvement of the natural complex; minimi- zation and localization of urbanized areas; withdrawal from the zone of automobile transport; the organization of convenient, aesthetically and environmentally friendly communications of the city with the coast, taking into account all the visual points of disclosure, both on the sea and on the marine facade; оrganization of water public transport The article proposes one of the options for the development of the Odessa coast – the for- mation of urban planning axes of the city - the sea. The result is a convenient communication city – park – beach – sea in the form of stairs, ramps, escalators and other ways of vertical communication between the upper and lower plateaus. On the upper plateau, architectural town-planning ensembles of various functional purposes are formed. An expressive silhouette of the city is created. the territory of the slopes, their connection. The coastal zone is decided in the format of a fully accessible shore: piers are provided with a link to the main walking axis ―health track‖; beach area improvement is carried out, as well as attraction of geographically unconnected commerce. All structures are subject to the condition of preserving green spaces and must comply with the regulatory requirements for park buildings developed by specialists with the participation of the public specifically for this section of the park. The principles that determine the general direction of sustainable urban development are based on the ideology of solving global problems of modern Odessa, taking into account-balanced interaction of natural, socio-economic and technological subsystems during the development of Odessa about the coast without prejudice to future generations.
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Boroday, Dmytro, Artem Boroday, Serhii Boroday, and Yana Boroday. "ARCHITECTURAL AND PLANNING TRENDS IN THE FORMATION OF RECREATIONAL COMPLEXES IN SUBURBAN AREAS ON THE EXAMPLE OF SUMY REGION." Urban development and spatial planning, no. 76 (March 1, 2021): 28–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.32347/2076-815x.2021.76.28-36.
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The article is devoted to the formation of recreational facilities in the structure of suburban areas, which are favorable for the development of recreational and tourist activities. The main preconditions and factors influencing the formation of certain types of institutions are studied. The main architectural and planning features of recreational facilities are identified. The main architectural techniques for the formation of recreational institutions are determined. Such techniques are the pavilion and block-pavilion structure. The main functional groups of the premises of the recreational complexes have been determined. The main groups of premises include: summer residential buildings, sports and recreation facilities, cultural and social facilities, catering facilities. The optimal natural conditions for the formation of recreational institutions in the Sumy region have been determined. A study of natural and recreational resources of the Lebedyn district in Sumy region is conducted. It is established that in this area there are optimal conditions for the formation of recreational facilities. Taking into account certain natural conditions and factors, the concept of the project solution of the recreational and recreational complex in the Lebedyn district of Sumy region is proposed. The complex is proposed to be designed in the coastal zone of the river Psel. The methods of urban planning, architectural planning and compositional solutions that are optimal for a given area were established in the process of project search. These techniques include: the reception of accommodation in a suburban recreational area, the reception of a combined compositional planning organization, the reception of folk (traditional) Ukrainian architecture in combination with modern structural systems.
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Bohdan, Cherkes, and Fenchuk Oleksandr. "HIGH-SPEED URBANISM. DEVELOPMENT OF THE RESIDENTIAL DISTRICT "PID HOLOSKOM" IN LVIV." Vìsnik Nacìonalʹnogo unìversitetu "Lʹvìvsʹka polìtehnìka". Serìâ Arhìtektura 3, no. 1 (2021): 131–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/sa2021.01.131.
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The article is devoted to the study of a new residential area in Lviv, called Pid Holosko. It describes the process of formation of the district, from historical to the present day, and its participation in the development of the city. On the basis of the research identified the main characteristics of the new urban development, the number of houses built and the prospects for its development, the number of inhabitants, the intensity of buildings, the provision of educational institutions and recreation. The main urban characteristics of the region as well as phenomena that accompany present-day processes of urban development in Ukraine are investigated. The article is divided by the main types of urban characteristics into the stage of formation, indicators of residential construction and population, the state of social and infrastructural infrastructure and the forecasted prospective development. Problem statement. New residential suburb Holosko today is one of the largest housing estates in Lviv, with implementation rate growing day by day. The gradual development of such a city-building structure leads to problems such as: lack of educational institutions and social services, underdeveloped street and transport infrastructure, lack of parking spaces, the lack of public spaces and elements of sports infrastructure, etc. In order to solve these problems, an analysis of the processes of formation and current development of Pid Holosko is needed, with the aim of developing a comprehensive concept of the city's development. An analysis of recent research and publications. Up until now, the development of the residential micro-region Pid Holosko has not actually been investigated. The main materials are the elaborated construction documents and the authors' own research. The planning structure and energy supply of the district at the municipal level was studied in the studies of L. Shuldan. The aim of this article is to investigate the peculiarities of formation of the new residential micro-district of Pid Holosko and to carry out an integrated analysis of its urban characteristics. On the basis of the conducted research the main problems associated with the fast pace of development of the area and the determination of its development trends in conditions of modern urban development processes were defined.
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Silnyk, Oleksandra. "TRENDS OF PUBLIC BUILDING PLANNING IN RURAL SETTLEMENTS IN WESTERN UKRAINE." Current problems of architecture and urban planning, no. 63 (April 14, 2022): 318–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.32347/2077-3455.2022.63.318-326.
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Today the agrarian policy of our state contributes to the latest achievements of science and technology. Their implementation will bring the agricultural sector of the economy out of crisis, ensure its dynamic and stable development and high economic efficiency of its operation. Creating favorable social conditions is one of the most important links in the nationwide reform of rural life, which will further develop the best conditions for balanced rural life of ordinary people. One of the methods of solving this problem is the arrangement of cultural and domestic, administrative, educational institutions in rural areas, landscaping for active and quiet recreation. The main part of these buildings, for optimal convenience, is located directly in the center of the rural area of the village.
 When creating a public center of the settlement it is necessary to solve a number of tasks: the feasibility of location in the architectural and planning structure of the settlement; selection of buildings that will be included in the construction of the center in its composition, taking into account the number of inhabitants; formation of the architectural and planning structure of the center, which corresponds to the situation; establishment of its optimal parameters that ensure the normal functioning and expediency of perception; search for a compositional solution that stands out for its expressiveness and harmony.
 Studies in the western regions of Ukraine show that the existing public buildings do not meet the established regulatory requirements. A large number of buildings are morally and structurally obsolete. The planning structure of public buildings is an important administrative and compositional part of the settlement, the well-formed territory of the public center allows to improve the social level of rural life through communal and cultural services. The qualitative analysis of rural settlements in certain areas in accordance with the peculiarities of economic activity of the settlement will provide an opportunity to optimally address the issue of the range of public buildings, its volume and planning.
12
Morozov, Mykola. "Influence of residential building on the planning structure of cities, types of residential building depending on the socio-economic factor." Current problems of architecture and urban planning, no. 70 (September 27, 2024): 280–94. https://doi.org/10.32347/2077-3455.2024.70.280-294.
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The article presents an analysis of the current calculation of the density of residential buildings, its influence on the further calculation of the territory for the functioning of residential buildings. The article also hypothesizes that residential buildings should have different types, which in turn should affect the calculation of its density. The article presents theses of the importance of building density, its impact on the environment and people's lives. Examples of various residential buildings, their functionality, and the typology of apartments and apartments are also given. In Ukraine, the density of residential buildings is calculated according to a single principle, according to the urban planning department. Regardless of any socioeconomic, geographic, or market factors. That is, the calculation of the number of residents is accepted in accordance with DSTU [24], in residential buildings the number of people who are permanently in the facility (L/f is determined according to the norm of 21 m2 of total area per owner (lessee) of the home and each member of his family and an additional 10.5 m2 per family. The article proposed: Modern trends in urban development dictate new rules to which the market responds, but architectural standards do not. It is safe to say that the modern housing development of Ukrainian cities is not uniform and can be divided into the following categories: Family-type residential buildings of medium storey, with a predominant amount of appropriate infrastructure, such as playgrounds, educational institutions, etc. Residential construction of the business segment as part of a multifunctional building. Where the vast majority of residents use this building exclusively for recreation and spend most of their time next to the public building. In my opinion, this type of residential development definitely does not need playgrounds in the same amount as a family building. Residential development for students and young professionals. There is also a completely different need for infrastructure and a different approach to the density of such buildings. Country-type residential building, recreational, up to 4 floors. Usually, such a building has socio-economic features such that it is located outside the city, has a high level of motorization, but at the same time it is usually located near large areas of nature, forests, reservoirs, which already partially become part of its infrastructure. The main examples are: Fayna town residential complex, Unit city, MIT campus and Park lake city residential complex, each for every social economic factor.
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Ng, Wing Chung. "Urban Chinese Social Organization: Some Unexplored Aspects in Huiguan Development in Singapore, 1900–1941." Modern Asian Studies 26, no. 3 (1992): 469–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0026749x00009872.
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Immigrant associations known commonly as huiguan have long been a research area among specialists on the Overseas Chinese. Recently, the same subject has attracted increasing attention among scholars who attempt to examine urban life in late imperial China. In either case, the existing historical literature seems to have focused on the two following aspects of huiguan development: the various principles of organizational formation such as common native place, surname, occupation and the new locational identity, and how they interacted with one another and shaped the community structure; the functional relevance of huiguan firstly to the various needs of the immigrant society and the local elite, and secondly to the overriding concerns of the ruling authority, be it the Chinese imperial bureaucracy or the governing authorities in a foreign settlement. Yet few attempts have been made to delineate the longitudinal evolution of these associations over an extended period in any single locale, and above all, to provide an analytical framework to decipher the complex interplay of different forces behind organizational changes. Relying primarily on Chinese newspapers, huiguan archives and publications in Singapore,3 this paper represents a very preliminary effort along both lines. After a brief background discussion on the nineteenth century, I will try to document closely several significant features in the development of Chinese huiguan in Singapore between the turn of the century and the beginning of the Pacific War. The main thrust here is to demonstrate the possibility of going beyond number games, that pay too much attention to organizational inventory, to examine more substantive issues such as changes in organizational forms, the revamping of institutional set-ups, leadership turnover and varying functional priorities. Then the following section will seek to account for these organizational metamorphoses. It will be argued that our explanatory paradigm should at least consist of three categories of factors: domestic forces associated with community evolution; the impact of the host society; and influences emanating from China and particularly the native area.
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Rusanova, Iryna, Svitlana Zakharova та Nadiуa Beyner. "PROBLEMS OF POST-WAR RECONSTRUCTION M. ЕNERGODAR". Spatial development, № 4 (26 червня 2023): 52–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.32347/2786-7269.2023.4.52-61.
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The article examines a number of problems of the post-war reconstruction of Energodar - the only satellite city of the NPP in Ukraine that was under occupation. The restoration of the city depends entirely on the wartime events at the Zaporizhia NPP, which became the subject of blackmail and a nuclear threat from the Russian Federation to the whole world. The satellite city reconstruction program is closely related to the restoration of the NPP, which is possible only with the de-occupation of the station itself and the surrounding area. The future of the station will depend on the trends in the use of nuclear power in the world and the reform of the energy base of Ukraine. 
 The stages of formation and development of the city of Energodar are analyzed, the peculiarities of its functioning and the rhythm of life depending on the industrial production base are shown. The architectural and planning organization of the city built according to the established principles of Soviet urban planning, as well as other satellite cities of the NPP in Ukraine, is considered. The role of the nuclear power plant in achieving high social standards of the city of Energodar in its pre-war state is shown. 
 The theoretical and methodological basis of the development of urban planning systems as a basis for the development of strategic plans for the post-war recovery of the city, as well as the factors that will be the guarantee of such recovery, are considered. 
 The material of the article includes references to a number of program documents regarding various scenarios of the future development of the city and highlights the problems associated with the work of the ZNPP, taking into account the changes in the social sphere of the post-war period. A number of proposals have been put forward regarding the post-war reconstruction and further development of the city, relating to: honoring the memory of our soldiers and residents, their resilience and courage in resisting the invaders; a new look at the organization of the functional planning structure of the city, residential environment, purpose and location of public buildings, landscape and recreation areas; the specified problem of migration policy and the levers of the return of the population to the city and regional and state relations. 
 The latest events at the Kakhovsky Reservoir, which are closely related to the ZNPP and, accordingly, to the city itself, show that the restoration process of Energodar is not fixed in time and will change and adjust along with the rapid development of wartime events.
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Evstropieva, Oksana V. "Experience of organization of tourist-recreation zones in territories with special conditions of environmental management (by the example of Lake Baikal)." Gosudarstvo i pravo, no. 6 (2023): 99. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s102694520025924-7.
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The article discusses the features of organizing tourist and recreational activities in territories with a high degree of territorial and institutional uniqueness, presents a theoretical and methodological approach to identifying and determining the development goals of the territories of priority tourist and recreational development – tourist-recreational zones on the coast of Lake Baikal. Lake Baikal is a territory with special conditions of use, which has unique natural characteristics and a powerful system of environmental and legal regulation of public relations in the field of environmental protection. For effective planning and regulation of recreational activities in the context of strict environmental requirements for biodiversity conservation, an environmental legal mechanism is involved. This allows you to determine the priority right to use the territory, relying on the norms of environmental law. In the geoinformation environment, using the tool of legal ecological zoning, which manifests the effect of all legal norms in a particular area of the territory, tourist-recreational zones have been identified that allow the legitimate development of recreational activities within the established boundaries. The correlation of the current permitted standards of recreational load with the real state of “local ecosystems” allowed zoning of the tourist-recreational zones in terms of the intensity and nature of recreational loads. The selected categories of legal zoning make it possible to clarify the permitted types of activities on the territory within the boundaries of plots of various categories of land and determine the specific purpose of their use, the types of objects that can be placed. Further analysis of the tourist-recreational zones on the resistance of their constituent ecosystems to recreational loads made it possible to determine possible scenarios for the development of the situation and formulate goals for the development of the tourist-recreational zones with detailing to the level of recreational functions of the territories. Selected tourist-recreational zones can be proposed for the formation of specially protected areas of recreational purpose of regional significance on them and included in urban planning and program documents with the subsequent detailing of the territorial structure of tourism and regular monitoring of environmental, social and economic parameters of the development of recreational activities.
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Peterson, J. E. "Oman's Diverse Society: Southern Oman." Middle East Journal 58, no. 2 (2004): 254–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.3751/58.2.15.
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Dhufar, the southern region of the Sultanate of Oman, displays a tremendous diversity in its social structure, rather surprising for an area so small. While the people of the coastal plain and the inland Najd are Arabic-speaking, the mountain highlands of the region are home to various non-Arabic speaking communities. Brief descriptions of these communities are provided, as well as of other non-Arabic-speaking groups that seem to have originated in Dhufar but have moved into the northeastern deserts. Unlike the case in northern Oman, the principal boundaries of Dhufar's ethnic groups lie in language; but, as social change accelerates, this distinction may well disappear in the not-too-distant future. The Dhufar War of the 1960s and 1970s, as well as Oman's socioeconomic change since 1970, have increased physical and social mobility and blurred traditional social distinctions.
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Lachininsky, Stanislav, and Ivan Sorokin. "Spatial structure and development of settlements in the Saint Petersburg agglomeration." Baltic Region 13, no. 1 (2021): 48–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.5922/2079-8555-2021-1-3.
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This article explores the spatial structure and development of settlements comprising the Saint Petersburg agglomeration. Previous studies and database sources, which were never used before (the Federal Tax Service [FTS] database and SPARK-Interfax), are analysed to reveal factors in the economic development of metropolitan areas as well as to understand how settlements develop in Russia’s second-largest city agglomeration. The borders and composition of the Saint Petersburg agglomeration are brought up to date. Examining the population size of the settlements helps locate the ‘growth belt’ of the agglomeration. Lists of major enterprises of the city and the region make it possible to identify patterns in the economic development of the study area. The SPARK-Interfax database aids in clarifying relationships between spatial elements of the agglomeration (its core and satellites) in the distribution of revenues of economic agents. Data on the location of the largest retail stores — shopping malls and hypermarkets — are used to identify the main centres of commerce in the Saint Petersburg agglomeration. A map chart has been drawn using 2GIS and Yandex Maps geoinformation services. An important step in agglomeration analysis is the identification of residential development hotspots. FTS data on property tax base are the main source of relevant information. FTS reports contain data on the number of residential buildings and units covered by the database. Further, FTS statistics is employed to trace income and job distribution across the study area. The current functions of settlement in the Saint Petersburg agglomeration have been determined. According to the findings, the spatial structure of the agglomeration has three groups of ‘backbone centres’. The agglomeration includes a core, a population growth area (‘growth belt’), commuting sources and recipients, and ‘backbone centres’.
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Tsaryk, Petro, Lyubomyr Tsaryk, and Oksana Olyvko. "FUNCTIONAL FEATURES AND TYPOLOGY OF SUBURBAN TERRITORIAL COMMUNITIES OF TERNOPOL." SCIENTIFIC ISSUES OF TERNOPIL VOLODYMYR HNATIUK NATIONAL PEDAGOGICAL UNIVERSITY. SERIES: GEOGRAPHY 56, no. 1 (2024): 168–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.25128/2519-4577.24.1.20.
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Peculiarities of the timing of suburban (in relation to the city of Ternopil) territorial communities are considered. Such parameters as the area of suburban territorial communities were analyzed; peculiarities of the number, density and location of the population of communities; financial condition and capacity of communities, according to their incomes, expenses, transfers, location of industry, features of transport infrastructure. Attention is drawn to the main environmental problems of suburban communities, possible ways to overcome them, the availability and peculiarities of the use of recreational resources and the spread of recreational infrastructure are motivated. The functional structure and spatial arrangement of the territories of the nature reserve fund were analyzed. The problems of the development of territorial communities at the present stage are becoming particularly urgent. Important aspects of development are ensuring coherence of economic, social and environmental vectors, taking into account the potential of local resources, as well as additional favorable factors, such as investments, logistics and infrastructure. Within territorial communities, an inventory of the resource base is carried out, investment passports are created, development strategies are developed, existing problems are analyzed and ways to solve them are substantiated. Solving these complex tasks requires a high level of professional training of management personnel and effective monitoring of development processes. The authors have published a series of articles devoted to the analysis of the potential of natural resources, problems of environmental development management, unbalanced land use and other aspects. The choice of suburban territorial communities of the city of Ternopil is due to their belonging to the former Ternopil district (according to the old administrative and territorial system) and their location around the regional center. What determines the specificity of the structure of agriculture, the location of the population, industry, transport infrastructure, environmental conditions, etc. The adoption of the state regional development strategy for 2021-2027 is the main legal document aimed at strategic planning of effective development, including territorial communities. The main methodological approaches are the strategy of sustainable development, the concept of balanced ecological-social-economic development and the principles of the system approach. The suburban territorial communities of Ternopil include: Biletska, Baikovetska, Velikobirkivska, Velikogaivska, Velikoberezovytska and Pidhorodnyanska territorial communities. Recreational resources in the studied communities are represented mainly by forest areas and a pond network, which is often equipped with the necessary infrastructure. Historical and architectural resources are represented by a network of ancient churches, cultivated springs, etc. Separately, we can recall the arched railway bridge in the village. Butsniv at the end of the 19th century. A much better developed tourist infrastructure is represented by recreation centers, numerous hotels, and catering establishments. The general ecological state of the main components of the natural environment shows an increase in the degree of environmental pollution. Areas of excessive pollution are observed around industrial centers, large industrial facilities, landfills, radiation-contaminated territories, where various types of pollution are deposited and along hydraulic networks, highways and railways, which affects the natural living conditions of the population. The conducted research showed that suburban territorial communities have an unsatisfactory land use structure. The population of the communities is prone to pendulum migrations, due to better employment opportunities and a greater number of various services in the regional center. Within the studied communities, it is necessary to optimize the structure of land use, increase the area under natural lands, carry out measures to replant and afforest unproductive and eroded agricultural lands. Plant forests to create a full-fledged integrated green zone of the city of Ternopil, which will perform important recreational and ecological stabilization functions. The conducted analysis demonstrates a significant inhibition of the ecological vector of sustainable development. We see a perspective in the development of geoecological projects, environmental measures in schools, organizations and institutions, communities. It is necessary to create new and expand existing nature reserves. In general, optimization measures aimed at improving the ecological condition of the territory and the quality of life of the population should be carried out. The results of the study can be useful to the administrations of suburban territorial communities for the implementation of optimization measures of various levels and directions. Key words: territorial community, financial capacity, infrastructure, ecological condition, nature reserve fund.
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Sukhyj, Petro, and Yuliia Sendzik. "CURRENT STATUS AND WAYS TO IMPROVE LAND USE MANAGEMENT IN THE CITY OF CHERNIVTSI." SCIENTIFIC ISSUES OF TERNOPIL VOLODYMYR HNATIUK NATIONAL PEDAGOGICAL UNIVERSITY. SERIES: GEOGRAPHY 59, no. 2 (2025): 131–39. https://doi.org/10.25128/2519-4577.25.2.14.
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The article reveals the theoretical and methodological foundations of land use management in urban settlements. On the example of the city of Chernivtsi, the main types of land use depending on the functional purpose are studied. The factors influencing the structure and dynamics of urban land use are indicated. A number of structural, organizational, spatial and regulatory problems that limit land use management in the city of Chernivtsi are identified. Among the main factors affecting the structure and dynamics of urban land use are: demographic pressure (population growth, migration processes); economic conditions (land prices, attractiveness for business); transport and logistical accessibility; ecological condition of the territories; regulatory framework and management capacity of the authorities. Land use in Chernivtsi has a mosaic character, which was formed historically as a result of a combination of Austro-Hungarian and Romanian urban planning traditions, Soviet industrial development, and modern (often spontaneous) developments. The spatial structure is not strictly zoned, but the city can be divided into four main functional zones: residential, industrial, recreational, and transport. Their organization, efficiency of use and interaction are the key object of study within the framework of urban land use management. Residential land use covers about 45% of the city's territory, which is the largest share among other types. Industrial land use is concentrated mainly in the Sadhirskyi district. The total area is about 12% of the city's territory. Recreational land covers about 15% of the city territory, but it is unevenly distributed. The organizational model of land management in Chernivtsi is not complete. Within the city council, there are several structures that are responsible for the distribution, inventory, approval of documentation, and supervision of construction. However, the interaction between these units is highly administrative and rarely based on digital integration or shared access to information resources. Data from the land cadastre, zoning plans, property registers, and urban planning documentation are mostly kept separately, which leads to duplication of functions, delays in decisions, and contradictions in determining the intended purpose of a particular plot. Analyzing the functional parts of land use in more detail, it can be noted that the most problematic is the residential zone. It is characterized by excessive building density, especially within the central part of the city and Soviet-era neighborhoods. At the same time, there are often no clearly defined boundaries of the adjacent territories, which creates conflicts between residents and developers. There is a critical shortage of infrastructure in new residential areas, such as schools, kindergartens, and parking lots. This reduces the quality of life of residents and puts pressure on social facilities in other neighborhoods. The population density in some neighborhoods is almost twice as high as the norms. Industrial zones in Chernivtsi, on the other hand, are characterized by underutilization. A significant number of enterprises have either ceased operations or are operating in a reduced mode, which leads to the idleness of large areas. Some of these lands remain unused for years, generating no added value for the city. At the same time, this area has the potential for revitalization - it can be transformed into mixed-use areas, logistics hubs, industrial parks, or even residential and commercial complexes. However, the lack of a clear vision of development, up-to-date zoning, and legal support for such transformations hinders any changes. Recreational areas, although they play a critical role in shaping a healthy urban environment, remain unevenly distributed across the city. The central part has access to public gardens and parks, while peripheral areas often lack public green spaces. In the newly built neighborhoods, the amount of green space per capita is several times lower than the standard. Some green areas have an unclear legal status, which creates risks of development or squatting. Coastal areas that could become public recreation areas are often used as illegal landfills or occupied by illegal structures. Keywords: urban land use, demographic load, urban planning documentation, land management, land resources, anthropogenic landscape science, ecological state of the territory.
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Safford, Frank. "The Problem of Political Order in Early Republican Spanish America." Journal of Latin American Studies 24, S1 (1992): 83–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022216x00023798.
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The persistent instability and disorder of Spanish American polities in the post-Independence period was undoubtedly one of the most perplexing concerns of Spanish American elites in the nineteenth century. It has remained a subject of interpretive debate by twentieth-century students of the area. The following article sketches several general approaches to the problem among twentieth-century interpreters, compares contemporary nineteenth-century analyses with the salient twentieth-century interpretations, and offers a critical commentary on the various sorts of twentieth-century analytical frameworks.The three salient twentieth-century interpretations of political disorder in the nineteenth century are: (1) those that emphasise deeply embedded characteristics of Spanish American culture as underlying causes of political instability; (2) those that attribute political disorder to structural problems, particularly to weaknesses in the economic structure or shifts in the social structure; (3) those that see political instability as a reflection of conflicting ideologies, economic interests, and/or the aspirations or fears of identifiable social groups.The distinctive feature of cultural interpretations of Latin American politics is their common belief that cultural characteristics are indelible and more-or-less unchangeable. And, since such cultural interpretations emphasise what might be considered ‘negative’ aspects of Spanish or Spanish American culture in order to explain defects in Spanish American politics, their assumption that cultures do not change over time tends to imbue such interpretations with a certain pessimism about the future of Spanish American politics.An early twentieth-century exponent of cultural approaches to understanding Spanish-American political disorder was Francisco García Calderón, who, thinking particularly of the phenomenon of caudillismo, emphasised Spanish authoritarian individualism.
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Burke, Eileen. "Core Governance Competencies for Successful Operational Leadership: Implications for Integrating Care for Older People." International Journal of Integrated Care 23, S1 (2023): 709. http://dx.doi.org/10.5334/ijic.icic23273.
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Rationale: Although, there has been significant academic focus on organisational leadership development, limited attention given to the pragmatic application of governance competencies to support sustainable quality healthcare within an ever-evolving governance framework.
 Context: The current restructuring, of the Irish community healthcare system, lacks clear strategic direction, operational engagement, and collective commitment, from clinical and operational managers. This suggests an opportunity to consider pragmatic strategic leadership development opportunities with a priority focus on governance. Although, governance structures have been established in some integrated care areas for older people areas e.g., integrated discharge planning structures, broader more inclusive processes are required to build on existing informal professional and managerial networks, to fulfil the required core functions.
 Aims: The study aimed to identify a governance competence framework to support operational-based governance leadership of integrated care for older persons (ICPOP) in Dublin South Kildare West Wicklow Community Healthcare area (DSKWW-CH). It also aimed to generate practical pathways to accelerate the adoption of a governance competence framework, relating to operational leadership that can be utilised to navigate the evolving integrated care funding and legislative environment.
 Methodology: Two data collection tools were utilised: an online survey of individuals employed as operational leaders (n=30) of an integrated care team for older person countrywide and a focus group with senior managers within older person services (n=15), with either local or national engagement with integrated care work. A mixed methodology approach adopted utilising both qualitative and quantitative processes, including a comparative analysis of the survey and focus group findings. This provided rich descriptive context based on a pragmatic paradigm, underpinning the validity of the governance competence framework applied as locally applicable.
 Results: The sampled population evidenced knowledge-based competence, self-awareness of competence gaps, and transformational leadership behaviours aligned with the proposed governance competence framework. Five key themes emerged: 1. the importance of a clear strategic intent; 2. governance competence gap analysis to underpin team development activities; 3. structure redesign to reduce organisational barriers and challenges; 4. establishment of a safe accountability working culture and; 4. the use of systems for performance evaluation.
 Conclusion: The adoption of the proposed six-factor governance competency framework can successfully support operational leadership of an integrated care teams for older persons. This framework promotes self-awareness of competence gaps and the application of transformation leadership behaviours.
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Sokolova, Flera K., and Anna V. Lyalina. "MIGRATION ATTRACTIVENESS OF THE COASTAL ZONE OF RUSSIA’S NORTH-WEST: LOCAL GRADIENTS." Baltic Region 13, no. 4 (2021): 54–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.5922/2079-8555-2021-4-4.
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A well-acknowledged driver of change, population movement intensifies the development of coastal territories. The Russian North-West holds a vast coastal zone. Granting access to the Baltic, the White, and the Barents Seas, it is an area of geostrategic importance where much of the country’s coastal economy — one of the national priorities — is located. Push and pull factors are enormously diverse in the area, as are migration flows forming attraction poles for migrants. There is little research on the issue despite its social and practical significance. Thus, research is required to examine how the coastal factor can benefit the migration attractiveness and human resources of Russian coastal territories of geostrategic importance. This study aims to delineate coastal territories and investigate local migration flows compared to those recorded in inland regions. The research draws on the concept of coastalisation, employing universal, geographical, and statistical research methods. It uses documentary sources and official 2011—2020 statistics. The findings show that the coastal position and maritime economic activity are relevant factors for migration attractiveness. Saint Petersburg and the coastal municipalities of the Leningrad and Kaliningrad regions are more attractive to migrants than more northerly territories. However, there are attraction poles farther north too, and the coastal zone of the Arkhangelsk region attracts more migrants than its inland part. The study demonstrates the growing polarisation of migration space in the coastal areas and especially agglomerations. Changes in the age structure of immigration flows have caused social factors in attractiveness to migrants to replace employment-related factors.
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Tesler, Yu A., V. I. Telichenko, and K. I. Tesler. "Classification and architectural planning components of riverine areas in the city structure." Construction materials and products 7, no. 2 (2024): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.58224/2618-7183-2024-7-2-6.
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The study is devoted to the interaction of riverine areas with the urban structure. The purpose of the study is to provide substantiation for the classification of riverine territories in the city structure and to establish the architectural and planning components of riverine areas. The authors analyze global experience in the organization of riverine territories as part of urban development in the context of modern sustainable development programs. The results suggest that amid the increasing density of cities, changes in production interests, and climate change, there are trends in the regeneration of riverine areas. The study highlights the following trends in urban development: the creation of a system of recreational zones along the banks; creation of a network of city parks with different themes; incorporation of a spatial carcass into the structure; creation of public recreation centers, leisure complexes, and parking ensembles at the intersection of the urban and natural frames; rehabilitation and improvement of industrial areas; relocation of industrial plants situated among residential buildings to industrial areas; optimization of traffic and rational positioning of storage and maintenance facilities; development and organization of water protection zones and coastal protection strips. The conducted analysis of world experience confirms the need to find techniques to rehabilitate territories that are no longer effective while prioritizing the formation of a comfortable urban environment as a factor in raising their environmental and social efficiency.
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Mankevich, Dmitrii V., and Maxim E. Megem. "International heritage in the memorial landscape of the Kaliningrad region." Baltic Region 15, no. 2 (2023): 139–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.5922/2079-8555-2023-2-8.
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This article aims to analyse the structure of sites in the Kaliningrad region commemorating events, phenomena or figures of international history, as well as to reveal their symbolic significance. The study uses empirical data on the origin, time of construction and purpose of the monuments, memorials and other places of commemoration. Theoretically, it draws on the concepts of cultural memory and sites of memory. The idiographic and historiographic methods were employed along with general scientific methods. At the core of the region’s international memorial landscape structure are sites commemorating the German past of the area or linked to Lithuanian and, less frequently, Polish national cultures. The structure of the memorial heritage is largely a product of the selective preservation of pre-war monuments and constructions in the Soviet period and post-Soviet commemorative activities in the Kaliningrad region, ‘a region of cooperation’. Its most substantial, German, component is a complex symbolic system honouring the intellectual culture of East Prussia and its prominent figures. And, not unlike its Lithuanian and Polish components, it lacks inner unity. Most of the memorial objects examined have been integrated into all-Russian or regional historical narratives and corresponding discourses. Reflecting the ‘Russian story line’ in the local history, it has been appropriated by the local culture of memory.
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Zhirnova, Lidia S. "REGIONAL TRENDS IN ELECTORAL SUPPORT FOR LATVIAN PARTIES: THE NEIGHBOURHOOD EFFECT." Baltic Region 14, no. 1 (2022): 138–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.5922/2079-8555-2022-1-9.
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The article analyses the neighbourhood effect in the voting behaviour of the Latvians at the four recent parliamentary elections, the ethnic and national leaning of parties considered. The study expands a set of electoral geography tools by adding modern techniques of spatial analysis as well as by increasing the knowledge on the position of the Russian speakers within Latvia’s political party landscape. The research aims to evaluate the role of the neighbourhood effect at Latvian elections and identify stable spatial voting clusters. The degree of spatial autocorrelation and changes in it were analysed for each parliamentary party and the non-parliamentary but still influential Latvian Russian Union (LRU). Statistically significant spatial clusters of high and low support were identified and compared; their steadiness over the study period was examined. The structure of these clusters is generally the same for the ‘Russian’ parties (Harmony and the LRU), whilst the ‘Latvian’ parties are characterized by greater spatial diversity. The analysis shows that regions bordering on Russia have clear spatial clusters where election results correspond to the parties’ attitudes towards Russian speakers and the Russian Federation. The ‘Russian’ parties and those more or less favourably disposed to Russian speakers (For a Good Latvia, For Latvia from the Heart) have clusters of high support in the area and the ‘Latvian’ parties of low. This pattern, however, may be due to the high proportion of the non-Latvian population in Latgale (a region with strong historical connections with Russia) and the character of the development of the border area, rather than to the proximity to the Russian border.
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BELOZEROV, Vitaly, Ivan SOLOVIEV, Natalia SHCHITOVA, and Larisa DZAKHOVA. "Territorial features of demographic development of mountain settlements of the Republic of North Ossetia-Alania." Sustainable Development of Mountain Territories 14, no. 1 (2022): 7–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.21177/1998-4502-2022-14-1-7-19.
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Purpose of the study. Identify the spatio-temporal transformations of the demographic development of mountain settlements in the Republic of North Ossetia-Alania over the past decade. Research methods: during the research, traditional geographical methods were used - comparative geographical, statistical, descriptive and analytical, field field observations. Results and discussion. Mountain settlements of the Republic of North Ossetia-Alania are located in the Vladikavkaz urban district, as well as in the Prigorodny, Alagirsky and Irafsky districts. They are mainly concentrated in low-mountain and mid-mountain zones. At the same time, the dominant part of the population lives in low mountains, which testifies to the predominance of the small-settlement structure of settlement in the middle and high mountains as compared to the low mountains. By the nature of the position in the relief, mountain settlements are divided into two types - located on slopes and high plateaus and in intermontane basins and valleys. The latter have undeniable advantages associated with more favorable natural conditions, the development of transport and social infrastructure, which contributes to the preservation of the population and curbing depopulation processes. In general, the mountainous areas of the Republic are experiencing a steady demographic decline, which is manifested in a decrease in the population and a decrease in its share in all mountain municipalities. At the same time, in a number of settlements, natural growth remains weakly positive. The increase in depopulation is mainly associated with the migration outflow of the population, which is most pronounced in the high-mountainous, with an unfavorable geographical position of the settlements. In the Prigorodny District, the migration loss is mainly due to the village of Tarskoye (which may be a kind of reminiscence of the well-known negative events). At the same time, in a number of administrations, tendencies of a decrease in the migration loss or even a slight migration growth have been revealed. Thus, an almost zero balance of migration is characteristic of the settlements of the Dargav administration, and in the settlements of the Karamadon, Koban, Fiagdon administrations, a migration increase was found. An unexpected increase (albeit very weak) is demonstrated by the settlements of the Galiat, Gular, Zadale, Makhskoy rural administrations. Conclusions: The study revealed significant intraregional, intraregional and intersettlement spatio-temporal imbalances in demographic development associated with natural and socio-economic circumstances. It has been established that sustainable development of the mountainous territories of the Republic of North Ossetia-Alania is possible provided that human potential is preserved, since allows reproducing the original culture of the Ossetians and preserving the mountainous traditional architecture. The most favorable situation is developing in settlements that are involved in agglomeration processes and located in the suburban area close to Vladikavkaz (with the exception of the village of Tarskoye), as well as villages with an advantageous transport and geographical position and located on the main highways. It seems promising to involve the local population in tourist activities and the development of various types of tourism in mountain settlements.
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Ryazantsev, Sergey V., and Gulnara I. Gadzhimuradova. "Russophone immigration to Finland: new forms, trends, and consequences." Sustainable development of the Baltic Sea Region 13, no. 2 (2021): 146–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.5922/2079-8555-2021-2-8.
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Until the 1960s, Finland was more often the country of origin than the country of destination. Once a depressed area, it soon turned into a welfare state, becoming one of the most attractive countries for international migrants. Since Finland’s labour market and society are beset with demographic problems, the country gladly accepts labour migrants, particularly those from neighbouring states. Most EU immigrants coming to Finland are Estonians. Immigration from without the EU — from Russia and other former Soviet countries — has, however, an even greater potential. Non-EU immigration falls into several categories — from seasonal labour migration to the relocation of top specialists and entrepreneurs. Currently, family reunification, marriages, and student and labour migration account for most migration from Russia to Finland. This article attempts to study immigration to Finland from neighbouring countries, primarily from Russia. The result of the study is an analysis of principal channels of international migration to Finland. These are family reunification, student migration, top specialist relocation, and the expansion of Russian business. Finland is in dire need of healthcare specialists, researchers, business development and IT specialists, and other professionals. For example, Russia-bordering Finnish regions lack upper and middle-level healthcare specialists. The focus of the study is on the professional and socio-demographic structure of labour migration to Finland and the country’s migration policy on the adaptation and integration of Russian-speaking immigrants. The article gives a general picture of Finland’s migration policy on labour migration from Russia and other countries. In collecting and processing materials, data from official websites of Finland’s Migration Service and Employment Service, the database of Statistics Finland, the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, and the Finnish National Agency for Education were used.
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Dimitrenko, N., and A. Obydennova. "URBAN DEVELOPMENT POTENTIAL OF THE SHUIST RESIDENTIAL AREA IN THE CITY OF PENZA." Bulletin of Belgorod State Technological University named after. V. G. Shukhov 7, no. 10 (2022): 70–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.34031/2071-7318-2022-7-10-70-78.
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The article deals with the issue of providing means of urban planning for sustainable development of the territory of Shuist residential area in Penza. The analysis of the functional planning structure is taken into account, determining the main directions of spatial development and reconstructive measures in order to transform the spatial organization of the urban area, which ensures its comprehensive development and sustainable functioning in the city system. The tasks of the territories comprehensive development are aimed at a qualitative transformation of the urban environment, based on its functional, transport, ecological, landscape and spatial characteristics. Jointly they form a complex, interconnected system. The goal of sustainability is to maintain the positive effects of the measures taken to develop the territories. The relevance of the study topic is dictated by the necessity to transform and update previously formed planning structure, identify additional urban planning resources and activate functional processes for sustainable development of the main subsystems of the researched area and in accordance with modern requirements for urban space organization. During the research, the previously developed urban planning documentation is studied. It includes the general plans of Penza of different periods, the detailed planning project for Shuist residential area. Authors have analyzed the use intensity of the studied and adjacent territories, their mutual influence, transport and pedestrian framework that has developed in them, the social service of the territory, influence of natural landscape and environmental characteristics, which have major importance for making design decisions for the further development of the urban space. The features and potential urban resources of the studied area have been identified, recommendations are given for reorganization of the main elements of the city's planning structure in order to increase its social efficiency.
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Iamtrakul, Pawinee, Chompoonut Kongphunphin, and Vimolsiddhi Horayangkura. "An Evaluation Framework for Sustainable Development: The Challenge for Planners and Development." Journal of Architectural/Planning Research and Studies (JARS) 10, no. 1 (2022): 85–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.56261/jars.v10i1.12920.
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The continued urbanizing with rapid development has induced the changes of several urban environmentalaspects both positive and negative impacts. Although urban development has brought high technology improvementto support the demand of population, the transformations in term of replacement of natural resources andsocial value has become sustainability challenges, especially in the nonphysical terms. These changes has beenan evidence of influences of revolutionize on urban physical terms create on the structure of urban morphologyกรอบการประเมินการพัฒนาอย่างยั่งยืน:ความท้าทายของนักวางแผนต่อการพัฒนาเมืองAn Evaluation Framework for Sustainable Development:The Challenge for Planners and Developmentภาวิณี เอี่ยมตระกูล1 ชมพูนุท คงพุนพิน2 และ วิมลสิทธิ์ หรยางกูร3Pawinee Iamtrakul1, Chompoonut Kongphunphin2 and Vimolsiddhi Horayangkura3คณะสถาปัตยกรรมศาสตร์และการผังเมือง มหาวิทยาลัยธรรมศาสตร์ จังหวัดปทุมธานี 12121Faculty of Architecture and Planning, Thammasat University, Pathumthani, 12121, ThailandE-mail: iamtrakul@gmail.com186 JARS 10(1). 2013which has been essential for meeting this challenge to improve efficient urban development and planningphase. The conceptual and analytical framework covering different aspects both physical and nonphysicalcharacteristics with rational land use structure plays an essential role for objectively evaluating thesustainability of urban land use. Thus, to explore the association of those characteristics, this study identifiedthe potential neighborhood structure by applying a geographical analysis tool to quantify the spatial interactionof social space of the adjacent area. Consequently, social features could be determined in terms of socialcapital of different locations in dissimilar neighborhoods of Thakhlong municipality, Pathumthani province. Basedon the application of Potential Surface Analysis (PSA) and Urban Network Analysis (UNA), the major factors forevaluating the sustainability of urban land use could be used to explain. It was found that public spaces of thetraditional communities within the study area demonstrated poor urban potential. On the other hand, with goodlocal accessibility and low traffic volume, these areas have been important places of the community in term ofpublic spaces such as space in temple, market, etc. The more social capital could be induced within this typeof spaces rather than the community near by the industrial area which is represented of new development areaof good accessibility with higher hierarchy of roads. This finding could be applied for further suggestionsand recommendations for concerned government to design relevant policy in achieving the sustainabledevelopment of urban land use and planning. Also the framework of this study could be appropriate for anassessment of the sustainability of urban land use and planning.
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SEMYACHKOV, Alexander, and Konstantin SEMYACHKOV. "Two-level digital ecological monitoring of the Ural the mining and metallurgical complex cities." Sustainable Development of Mountain Territories 15, no. 3 (2023): 650–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.21177/1998-4502-2023-15-3-650-661.
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Introduction. The main approach to the development of modern cities is an approach based on the balance of social, economic, and environmental subsystems, within the framework of which plans to achieve sustainable growth are implemented. In the era of digitalization, the most important condition for effective environmental management is the use of advanced tools for analyzing data obtained during the environmental monitoring procedure. Materials and methods. The methodology for monitoring the state of various components of the environment involves a number of sequential operations. The first stage of the study (obtaining a priori information) pursues the goal of creating a landscape-geochemical basis on which information about typical elementary landscapes reflecting the structure of the area is placed. The second stage includes obtaining operational information about the state of selected environmental components using field and laboratory methods. At the third stage, desk processing of information is carried out. Results. The structure of environmental monitoring can be divided into levels in accordance with the degree of detail of the tasks assigned to it. The most appropriate division of environmental monitoring in cities for the conditions of the Urals seems to be the following levels: a) local, examining the state of the environment as a whole in the city or on the border of the sanitary protection zone of an enterprise and b) detailed, examining the state of the environment from the impact of waste disposal facilities. Discussion. In the field of environmental monitoring, a digital database should be created at the local and detailed levels, with the help of which it is possible to conduct analysis and further forecast the state of the environment, with the subsequent development of environmental measures. Environmental monitoring within cities with a mining and metallurgical complex must be carried out comprehensively, including the atmosphere, surface water, soil, snow cover, groundwater and vegetation. Conclusion. Thus, the proposed environmental monitoring system is characterized by high environmental and economic efficiency, which meets the requirements of sustainable development at the present stage. Resume. For the cities of the mining and metallurgical complex of the Urals, it is necessary to conduct two-level environmental monitoring with the development, implementation and dissemination of digital technologies in the environmental sphere. Environmental monitoring within cities with a mining and metallurgical complex must be carried out comprehensively, including the atmosphere, surface water, soil, snow cover, groundwater and vegetation. Conducting local monitoring in the territory of influence of the enterprise and detailed monitoring in the zone of influence of waste disposal facilities presupposes the presence of stable observations in the space-time interval and a stable ingredient composition. The instability of observations leads to deterioration of the analysis, which reduces the quality of the forecast of the situation and recommendations for preventive measures. Suggestions for practical applications and directions for future research. The research results can be useful in the formation of a data bank on the state of the environment for the development and adoption of environmental measures with high environmental and economic efficiency at industrial facilities of the mining and metallurgical complex.
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BADEA, Ana Cornelia, and Gheorghe BADEA. "Geospatial Development Using GIS Smart Planning." Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca. Horticulture 76, no. 2 (2019): 154. http://dx.doi.org/10.15835/buasvmcn-hort:2019.0034.
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Zoning is the most effective public tool for controlling land use, reflecting the spatial separation of urban land use incompatibilities and influencing, consequently, the physical economic and social structure of cities. In this paper we want to emphasize the possibilities and benefits of using dedicated GIS solutions for geospatial planning, integrating 3D and 2D data. At present, GIS provides complex tools dedicated to spatial planning analyzes, of which we chose a new Esri solution. The results consist of setting up the appropriate planning parameters, correlated with the local urban planning regulation and applying a coherent workflow in ArcGIS Urban for the GIS analysis of the reconfiguration of an area in Bucharest, as example. We have demonstrated the advantages of using intelligent spatial planning products to verify the conditions provided in the local urban planning regulations. We highlighted the possibility to highlight by analyzing certain evolving indicators, such as population, degree of employability, etc. Obviously, as more relevant Romanian statistical data will be available in the online environment, such analyzes may increase as complexity level.
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Jerzyło, Patrycja, and Aleksandra Wawrzyńska. "The spatial planning of industrial areas in an urbanized area for cargo, in the development of inland waterway transport." E3S Web of Conferences 45 (2018): 00026. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20184500026.
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Spatial planning, taking into account the configuration of the surface, i.e. its shape (relief) and the presence and mutual location of objects and points of characteristic water ports, is a derivative of several natural, economic, market, technical, social and political factors. It depends on the destination port, the planned structure of trade in cargo, the forecasted traffic of ships, passageways, the technology of reloading used, as well as on the anticipated demand for the development of shipping and trade by sea and inland waterway. The article analyzes the transport accessibility of the Port of Gdynia through the construction of a dock to determine the proposals for improving the conditions of transported cargo.
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Demyanenko, A. N., E. E. Totonova, and I. S. Khokholova. "Strategic planning of tourism development at the local level: Kobyayskyulus of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia)." Regional nye issledovaniya 74, no. 4 (2022): 104–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.5922/1994-5280-2021-4-8.
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Tourism is considered as a complex social phenomenon in this article. This implies considering tour- ism not only as an economic activity (tourism industry), but as a set of economic practices set inlocal social structures also. Tourist zoning is defined as a necessary element of tourism strategy in local level. The purpose of this zoning type is to identify tourist areas that have scale differences, tourism structure differences, and specialization differences also, which acts in the production of tourist services set. The tourist area is considered as an object of regulatory influence, including strategic planning aspect. Tourist zoning of the Kobyai district of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), was revealed: first, the administrative district does not represent an integral tourist area, secondly, Authors identify four tourist regions based on administrative district and on the analysis of the tourist potential and the current tourist business situation: Northern (Verkhoyansky), Sangarsky, Ust-Vilyuysky and Ozerny. Main strategic areas of tourism development were identified based on the analysis of tourist potential and socio-economic situation in every mentioned area.
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Pitarch, Garrido Maria Dolores. "Social Sustainability in Metropolitan Areas: Accessibility and Equity in the Case of the Metropolitan Area of Valencia (Spain)." Sustainability 10, no. 2 (2018): 371. https://doi.org/10.3390/su10020371.
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By definition, sustainable development includes environmental, economic and socialdimensions. Scholars have paid little attention to the latter, although greater interest has been seenin recent years due to the growing strength of the idea that development without equity is notdevelopment. Within this context, moreover, urban spaces present complex structures that make itdifficult to address sustainable development goals without adequate territorial planning. The aims ofthe present article are twofold: to expound a conceptual line of thinking to define the social dimensionof sustainability—while aware that it is inseparable from the other two—and to propose a simplemeasurement method based on the accessibility of public services. This method uses time-distanceas the measure through which to understand socio-spatial equity. It is based on using GIS tools fora case study—in this case, the city of Valencia—and on the concept of spatial equity as the basis ofsocial sustainability. Keywords: social sustainability; metropolitan areas; accessibility; public services; Valencia (Spain)
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Singh, Ajay Kumar, Bhim Jyoti, Sanjeev Kumar, and Sanjaya Kumar Lenka. "Assessment of Global Sustainable Development, Environmental Sustainability, Economic Development and Social Development Index in Selected Economies." International Journal of Sustainable Development and Planning 16, no. 1 (2021): 123–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.18280/ijsdp.160113.
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This study assesses the association of sustainable development (SD) with environmental technologies, forest area and developmental indictors in selected 39 economies. It develops global sustainable development index (GSDI) as an integration of environmental sustainability index (ESI), economic development index (EDI) and social development index (SDI) during 2000-2016 using composite Z-score technique. Thereupon, it explores the influence of environmental technologies, deforestation, ESI, EDI and SDI on GSDI using country-wise panel data. The results infer that there exists a high inequality in SD due to diversity in socio-economic structure of selected countries. Most developed economies have a better position in SD due to their relatively better position in environmental, economic and social developmental related variables. India, South Africa and Tunisia have low values of ESI, EDI and SDI, thus, these countries are in worst position in SD. Empirical results exhibit that SD is positively associated with environmental, economic and social development, forest area and environmental technologies. It recommended that protection of forest area maintains the quantity and quality of natural resources and provide ecological security. Accessibility of electricity for all community, discovery of environmental technologies, use of green technologies in production activities may be effective to increase socio-economic, environmental and sustainable development.
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Ozer, Elif Zeynep, Halise Dilek Sevin, Ercan Karacar, Simge Altunoz, and Saban Kargiglioglu. "An Examination Of Unstable And Unsustainable Themed Recreational Area Designs In Türkiye: The Case Of Ankapark." International Journal of Environmental Sciences 11, no. 2s (2025): 446–59. https://doi.org/10.64252/0p21jb21.
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Theme parks have become prominent as important recreational areas for both social interaction and economic development in modern city life. Theme parks, which offer leisure, recreation and cultural experiences, increase the attractiveness of cities and provide a contribution to the local economy. Within this scope, the study examines theme parks by taking Ankapark as an example. In the study, a qualitative research method has been applied and both semi-structured interviews have been conducted with 17 people who have previously visited Ankapark and online user reviews obtained from Google Reviews and Tripadvisor have been analyzed. The data collected within the scope of the research have been analyzed using Excel, NVivo and MAXQDA programs; analysis methods such as code matrix browser, code trends matrix and word cloud have been used. The results of the analysis revealed that Ankapark failed to achieve its social and economic goals due to deficiencies in the design and operation processes. The respondents' opinions pointed to price policies, infrastructure deficiencies and sustainability problems. This study, which emphasizes the critical importance of planning and stakeholder participation in theme park projects, also offers suggestions for future projects.
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Bubenchikov, Eduard Aleksandrovich. "Architectural and planning organization of peasant (farmer) farms in the conditions of socio-economic transformations in Russia: current trends and prospects for the development of farms." Архитектура и дизайн, no. 1 (January 2022): 26–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.7256/2585-7789.2022.1.38026.
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The author examines in detail such aspects of the topic as: the development of farms, the organization of the production environment, the formation of the architectural and planning structure, the influence of socio-economic legal conditions of the region and the peculiarities of the country on the planning structure of the farm, emerging trends in rural architecture. These aspects are now most relevant due to the complexity of rural production, the social stratification of the rural population, the establishment of market relations, new socio-economic requirements for architectural objects and new aesthetic requirements for the design of buildings and structures. The novelty of the research lies in the use of an environmental approach to solving urban planning and architectural problems of organizing a farmer's habitat. The main conclusions of the study are the formation of types of planning structures of the farm. Based on the conducted research, a scheme of planning structures of farms has been formed, the dependencies between the production and residential area of the farmer have been determined. The architectural and planning organization of peasant (farmer) farms in the structure of the district, region and industrial zones is determined. The sustainable direction of the rural environment has been determined at the present time. Also an important conclusion of the work is to determine the influence of the world order on the planning organization of farms.
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Jerzyło, Patrycja, Aleksandra Wawrzyńska, and Leszek Smolarek. "Logistic conditions of spatial planning of urbanized areas for the development of inland navigation." WUT Journal of Transportation Engineering 126 (September 1, 2019): 15–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.6271.
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Spatial planning is a derivative of several environmental, economic, market, technical, social, and political factors. In spatial planning of inland water ports, the configuration of the land surface, i.e., its shape (relief), and the presence and mutual location of objects and points of characteristic water ports are assumed as the main factors. Also, the port's planning, the planned structure of trade in goods, forecasted ship traffic, communication routes, applicable transshipment technology, and the anticipated demand for the development of shipping and inland waterway trade are of great importance in spatial planning and location. The article describes the criteria of logistic conditions for planning the inland port's location and transport accessibility in the lower section of the Vistula River. The intensity of vessel traffic, port spatial planning, and economic assessment were assessed.
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Doherty, Paul. "A social geography of the belfast urban area, 1971." Irish Geography 11, no. 1 (2016): 68–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.55650/igj.1978.827.
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The 1971 Census of Population was the first United Kingdom census to geo‐code the data by grid referencing. This was used to provide a matrix of variables on a system of one kilometre grid squares for the Belfast Urban Area. Principal Components Analysis of this data enabled three dimensions to be identified: Social Structure, Age Structure and Ethnic Structure. The distribution of these three dimensions is discussed, and a hierarchical grouping procedure is employed to summarise the spatial variation in these three dimensions into eight regional types.
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Tetsuya, Ito. "The regional pattern of renewal in urban residential areas in Germany since the 1970s." Dela, no. 21 (December 1, 2004): 475–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4312/dela.21.475-484.
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This study uses the case of Nuremberg to investigate the regional pattern of renewal in urban residential areas on a middle scale from the standpoint of physical and social structure in Ger-many since the 1970s when the supply of dwellings surpassed demand and many urban renewal projects have been carried out. I study the regional pattern of social structure, social housing units, urban renewal projects and the number of construction in the urban area. The regional pattern of renewal is divided into two types in the urban area located within a radius of 3 km from the city center and in the southern area.
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Kavaliauskas, Paulius. "SUSTAINABLE AND BALANCED DEVELOPMENT OF LITHUANIAN CURONIAN SPIT AND NERINGA MUNICIPALITY: PLANNING AND POLITICAL ASPECTS / TAUSOJAMASIS IR DARNUS LIETUVOS KURŠIŲ NERIJOS IR NERINGOS SAVIVALDYBĖS VYSTYMAS: PLANAVIMO IR POLITINIAI ASPEKTAI." Technological and Economic Development of Economy 16, no. 1 (2010): 58–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/tede.2010.04.
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There are some significant positive accents in the history of Curonian spit land use management as well as important negative factors, including political, professional and specific. The new Master plan for Neringa municipality was prepared trying to take a more modern path adopted to the unique territory, ensuring balance of social, economical and ecological development and preservation of its valuables. The general development strategy is formed harmonizing the following development trends basic for this kind of territory: 1) natural conservation, 2) cultural conservation and 3) recreation. Based on the existing or planned priorities, the following generalized sectors, reflecting the different structure of development strategy, were distinguished in the longitudinal profile of Curonian spit: strict natural and partly cultural conservation strategy, limited natural or natural–cultural conservation strategy, limited natural–cultural conservation and sustainable recreation and urban development strategy, limited cultural–natural conservation, sustainable recreation and limited urban development strategy, limited cultural–natural conservation, intensive recreation and limited urban development strategy. The ambitious political war between the State Service for Protected Areas and the Neringa Municipality cannot be regarded as the best way of finding solutions of ideological, legal or planning inconsistencies whereas the current countering to Master Plan and incorrect chicanery regarding its solutions is an expression of ambitions and “revenge” on the Neringa Municipality. Rational solution in the existing perverted situation is to go back to integrated planning of Curonian spit. This would offer a possibility to merge together in one planning document of the Curonian spit national park management plan and Master plans of Neringa and Klaipeda (Smiltyne zone) municipalities. Santrauka Kuršių nerijos raidoje išsiskiria tiek teigiami, tiek neigiami jos žemenaudos ir planavimo aspektai, įskaitant politinius, profesinius bei specifinius vietinius. Naujasis Neringos savivaldybės bendrasis planas buvo parengtas bandant pasirinkti modernesni planavimo būdą, pritaikyta šiai unikaliai teritorijai ir darninanti socialinį, ekonominį ir ekologinį jos vystymą bei vertybių išsaugojimą. Generaline teritorijos naudojimo strategija buvo formuojama derinant tris svarbiausias jos vystymo kryptis: 1) gamtosaugą, 2) kultūros paveldo išsaugojimą, 3) rekreaciją. Pagal susiformavusius arba numatomus šiu krypčių prioritetus Kuršių nerijos išilginiame profilyje buvo išskirti tokie apibendrinti skirtinga vystymo strategijos struktūra išreiškiantys Neringos ruožai: griežtos gamtinės, iš dalies kultūrinės, konservacijos; ribotos gamtinės arba gamtinės‐kultūrinės konservacijos; ribotos gamtinės‐kultūrinės konservacijos ir tausojamosios rekreacijos be urbanistinio vystymo; ribotos kultūrinės‐gamtinės konservacijos, tausojamosios rekreacijos ir riboto urbanistinio vystymo; ribotos kultūrinės‐gamtinės konservacijos; intensyvios rekreacijos ir riboto urbanistinio vystymo. Politinė prieštara tarp Valstybinės saugomu teritorijų tarnybos ir Neringos savivaldybės esmingai trukdo rasti geriausius ideologinius, teisinius bei kraštotvarkos sprendimus, sudaro prielaidas pasireikšti savotiškam “kerštui” Bendrojo plano ir Neringos savivaldybės institucijų adresų. Todel racionaliausias sprendimas dabartinėje beviltiškai iškreiptoje situacijoje – grįžti prie integralaus Kuršių nerijos planavimo. Tai reikštų politinės valios pastangomis sujungti viename planavimo dokumente Kuršių nerijos nacionalinio parko planą bei Neringos ir Klaipėdos (Smiltynės zona) savivaldybių bendruosius planus. Antra vertus, būtina ieškoti glaudesnio bendradarbiavimo su pietinės Kuršiu nerijos dalies valdymo institucijomis ir parengti bendrą visos nerijos pletotes vizija.
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Zhou, Fang, and Xue Qin. "Research on Urban Area Development and Planning Based on the Vision of Financial Management." Tobacco Regulatory Science 7, no. 5 (2021): 4539–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.18001/trs.7.5.2.20.
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Objectives: In the current urban construction, the development planning of regional projects is not only a matter for the government, but also for many financing companies. Methods: Financial management is an important part of the entire regional development and planning process. This study made some suggestions for regional construction projects from the perspective of financial management, and on this basis, designed a financing plan for urban regional construction. Results: Finally, taking the development plan of the M industrial zone as an example, a comprehensive financing plan was determined based on the project’s financial situation and capital structure. Conclusion: It is hoped that this study can provide some suggestions for the financial management of urban area construction, and at the same time provide some reference for the financing scheme design of construction projects.
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Skiba, Marta, Anna Bazan-Krzywoszańska, Wojciech Eckert, Maria Mrówczyńska, and Małgorzata Sztubecka. "Searching for new development in areas of the city." E3S Web of Conferences 45 (2018): 00080. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20184500080.
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The reason of shaping and building cities is primarily to improve the quality of life of inhabitants. Changes in space in cities concern not only their basic functioning principles but also the transformation of structures and systems (green areas, communications andother). Regardless, spatial policy is based on the continuous search for new services and economic activity to raise standards. The article describes a study which makes an attempt to identify the main desired features that can be taken into account while formulating concepts for planning and designing a prospective city. The study was intended to analyze terms promoted in literature or labels of a desired city, that shape the aspirations of future inhabitants. The city's image-building activities concern the future measured in economic, social and environmental effects. Modelling the future potential concepts of a city development as part of planning for its development, is one of the ways of thinking about the future. Using mathematical and spatial models for this purpose, we acquire knowledge on the possible variants of the city development, as well as measurable effects of this type of phenomena
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Pastukh, O. А. "Sustainable urban development: the case of Tula’s historical center." Architecture, Construction, Transport 5, no. 1 (2025): 8–20. https://doi.org/10.31660/2782-232x-2025-1-8-20.
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The study of contemporary development aspects of the urban environment in Russian historical cities is central to many research efforts dedicated to preserving the historical and cultural landscape. The primary goal of this research was to identify the development potential within the urban planning and spatial structure of central areas in historical cities, using Tula as a case study. The main challenges, principles, and optimal methods for reconstructing individual objects, areas, and the historically established planning structure of the city center were examined through the realized project of comprehensive area improvement and the creation of a modern public space, specifically the Kazanskaya Embankment, Metallistov Street, and Krestovozdvizhenskaya Square, adjacent to the Tula Kremlin. The research proposed an optimal strategic development solution for the historically formed urban environment: the reconstruction of selected cultural heritage objects and areas closed to public access, which had not previously been integrated into the city’s social and cultural life. The changes to the urban environment were identified at both the urban planning and architectural design levels and analyzed considering urban-ecological and economic factors.
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Apatenko, T., and O. Bezliubchenko. "PRIORITIES AND DISADVANTAGES OF CITY BLOCK DEVELOPMENT." Municipal economy of cities 1, no. 182 (2024): 35–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.33042/2522-1809-2024-1-182-35-42.
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The study aims to find ways to improve the efficiency of urban areas by introducing the planning structure of urban residential areas – the block type of development, taking into account the basic principles of its formation. The authors carry out an analysis of scientific and theoretical materials on etymology and historical experience of the formation of city block buildings in the context of typology of buildings according to planning and spatial characteristics with examples of the planning organisation of the cities of New York, Mexico City, Los Angeles, and Barcelona. We consider the formation of residential blocks through simple geometric shapes, such as a rectangle or a square, and concluded that using such shapes emphasises the uniformity of planning. The main principles and factors of developing city blocks are defined to identify the priorities and shortcomings of this type of building. We establish that city block development contributes to comfortable public spaces and strengthens social ties between residents. The study proves the advantages of transport accessibility in block development by placing essential infrastructure facilities within walking and cycling distance. The presence of closed yards, safety, and the absence of traffic jams form a high level of amenity and social connections; these principles contribute to creating an efficient, functional, and aesthetic urban area. City block development is a promising approach for the development of modern cities, providing residents with comfort and a quality standard of urban life. The article also analyses the main disadvantages of using block buildings, one of which is an increase in the density of buildings, which affects the distribution of sunlight and the shading of space. Despite its shortcomings, city block development remains attractive for developing high-quality and sustainable urban environments. The proposal to use city block development in the post-war reconstruction of residential areas and the use of underground space for shelter is relevant and promising for sustainable urban development in Ukraine. Keywords: city block development, residential environment, residential complex, planning methods, planning structure.
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Manakov, Andrei G., Irina N. Krasilnikova, and Ivan A. Ivanov. "Geography of inbound tourism and transboundary tourism-and-recreation region-building in Sweden." Baltic Region 13, no. 1 (2021): 108–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.5922/2079-8555-2021-1-6.
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Sweden’s tourism industry stands out for its large contribution to the development of the national economy. The vast size of the country makes it possible to trace differences in incoming tourist flows from neighbouring countries. This circumstance accounts for the novelty of this study, which lies in viewing national tourism geography from the perspective of the theory of transboundary tourism-and-recreation region building. Interregional differences in the structure of incoming tourist flows help identify the country’s cross-border tourism-and-recreation regions and delineate their borders. This research employs statistical and cartographic methods. The incoming tourist flow to Sweden grew steadily until 2020. However, the Covid-19 crisis has led to a drastic reduction in the number of incoming tourists. Based on the 2019 statistics, the findings confirm the existence of a developed transboundary tourism-and-recreation mesoregion that brings together Germany, Denmark, and Sweden. The formation boasts strong tourist links. There are another five cross-border tourism-and-recreation mesoregions: Sweden-Norway-Denmark, Middle Sweden-Norway, Sweden-Norway-Finland, Middle Sweden-Finland, and South Sweden-Finland. The number of tourists visiting cross-border mesoregions indicates the degree of development of the latter.
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Thawaba, Salem A. "Jerusalem Walls: Transforming and Segregating Urban Fabric." African and Asian Studies 10, no. 2-3 (2011): 121–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156921011x586997.
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AbstractJerusalem city witnessing last touches of constructing the Israeli wall that came as a part of a general strategy aim to separate the city from its periphery. The city, that includes about 400,000 Palestinians considered as the hub of fifty Palestinian communities. This structure is interlinked by complex cultural, social, and economic relationships. This aims to de facto annex vast areas to Israel using different means like land confiscations, colonial activities and finally constructing the wall in order to reach the city “Israelization”. Israel claims that Jerusalem is an open city as was declared immediately after 1967. On the ground, since 1967, Israel created different kinds of walls to divide Jerusalem into Palestinian enclaves and Israeli contiguous urban scheme (Hasson, 1996). This study investigates the impact of Israeli policies on Jerusalem area since 1948. Since then all planning practices were directed to isolate Jerusalem by cutting off all surrounding Arab communities. The aim of the study is to shed light on the hidden agenda of the Israeli planning strategies and its impact on the Palestinian urban structure. In order to assess the urban settings for the study area, aerial photos were analyzed, field visits, literature and historical review were conducted. The outcome of the study shows that Israeli planning machine in the area was aiming to enlarge “Greater Jerusalem” area by annexing as much land as possible within the city boundary. Another aim was to weaken and segregate the surrounding Palestinian communities in away to make it impossible for these communities to form a center as a Palestinian hub competing the historical hub of Jerusalem.
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Wiedmann, Florian, and Yunlu Wang. "Investigating integrated urbanism in Chinese edge cities: the case of Yizhuang Development Area." Open House International 45, no. 1/2 (2020): 23–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ohi-04-2020-0010.
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Purpose China’s capital Beijing is a special case of fast urbanization and monocentric development, resulting in major efforts to implement polycentric structures. The purpose of this paper is thus centered on understanding the phenomenon of an established edge city and the level of integration regarding all daily activities of its residents. Design/methodology/approach Since the end of the 20th century, Chinese cities have been witnessing rapid urban growth and expansion. One of the major planning challenges has been the implementation of polycentric urban structures to enforce integrated urbanism and thus less dependency on commuting to few main commercial and business centers. The methodological approach includes various mapping efforts and field studies to investigate the currently produced urban landscape and highlight the rather challenging reality of edge cities being produced in a very short period of time. Findings This paper explores one of Beijing’s biggest edge cities, known as the Yizhuang Development Area, which was created by an investment initiative of the municipal government. The city has been developed with a strong focus on functional planning aspects rather than a dynamic diversification of walkable districts with emerging identities. Originality/value This investigation attempts to add some new insights into the contemporary urbanism in Chinese edge cities and the general problem of missing urban design initiatives to enhance the overall urban quality of diversity and social interaction.
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Lampic, Barbara, and Irma Potocnik-Slavic. "Demographic vitality and human resources as important factors for rural areas development." Glasnik Srpskog geografskog drustva 87, no. 2 (2007): 103–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/gsgd0702103l.
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The heterogeneity and huge regional diversity as key determinant of Slovenian rural areas have not been considered enough in the case of regional development directing. Extensive and multilane questionnaire of case study areas (the survey included 10 selected problem areas) pointed out the most evident development problems and future development opportunities. The latest ought to be respected with the planning and guidance of endogenous regional development. The demographic potential as the basis condition for "realistic planning" is upgraded with the de facto household vitality (i.e. demographic vitality), which enables the most reliable demographic structure review. Various forms of demographic vitality significantly determine the approaches and measures for regional development stimulation. The mentioned are successful only with the simultaneous identification of endogenous resources, stimulation of social capital and human resources as key factors of endogenous development as a whole.
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Kondrateva, Svetlana V. "Project approach in transboundary tourism-and-recreation region building: the case of Karelia." Baltic Region 13, no. 1 (2021): 124–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.5922/2079-8555-2021-1-7.
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This article considers international projects as a factor in building and developing transboundary tourism-and-recreation regions. The Karelian part of the Russian-Finnish border and the adjoining areas of Russia and Finland were the model site for the study. The research aims to measure the contribution of international projects run in 1990—2020 to transboundary region building in the Karelian borderlands. The analysis of 80 international municipal projects shows that they gave a boost to region building and development in the study area. Common trends and specific features of international projects carried out in Karelian municipalities have been identified in the context of transboundary tourism-and-recreation region building. The findings add to a comprehensive picture of how international tourism projects may forward the building and development of transboundary tourism-and-recreation regions. The results of the study can be used in research into international cooperation and tourism. The proposed approach may serve as a tool of a regional economic policy on tourism and thus broaden the scope of possible managerial decisions.