Academic literature on the topic 'Arekena language'

This study was intended to investigate impediments of students' English Language speaking with particular reference to Wolaita Sodo and Areka Preparatory Schools. The study also examines causes that account for these impediments. The subjects of the study were grade 11 students of the aforementioned schools. The samples of the study were 620 students out of 2,388 students in both preparatory schools; again 14 students and 8 English Language teachers were selected for the interview. The sample students were selected using simple random sampling technique. The data gathering instruments used were questionnaire, interview and classroom observation. To achieve the objectives, descriptive method of research design is used. To analyze the obtained data, both qualitative and quantitative methods of data analysis were used. The findings show that: lack of confidence from the student side, excessive use of mother tongue, preference of grammar and vocabulary than speaking, poor speaking background, shortage of vocabulary, teachers' emphasis on grammar and vocabulary, teacher centered way of teaching, large class size, lack of access to teaching aids, shortage of text books and references. Each of these factors was also caused by different problems such as: Classmates’ laughing when one makes a mistake while speaking; focusing on teaching grammar than speaking; focusing of exam questions mainly on grammar and vocabulary than speaking, nature of the English Text Book and teachers' experience of traditional teaching. Finally, the recommendations were forwarded based on the findings.

Lee (2005) says participation usually means students speaking in classroom such as answering teacher’s questions or other students’ questions, asking questions to get the better explanation and clarification. As long as English language is very important in Ethiopian high school students’ academic performance, due consideration should be given to female students in target subject matter. A number of female students in high school of target research area were very low compared with male counterparts, which initiated the researcher to conduct present research in targeted area. So, the study enables to address problems to different concerned bodies and helps female students to enhance their classroom participation in English as well as outside the classroom. The objective the study was ‘Difficulties of Female Students in Classroom Participation in English at Areka Preparatory School, Wolaita Zone, Southern Ethiopia.’ Mixed methods i.e. quantitative and qualitative research designs were used. 70 participants were selected using simple random sampling. 2 English teachers were selected purposively. Self administered questionnaire and interview were employed to collect data. Quantitative data were analyzed using SPSS and qualitative data were supported the quantitative one. As the result shown the largest number 28 (40%) of respondents were not confident in classroom participation. Most of respondents, 34 (48.6%) were not participated in mixed sex group in English classroom. 27 (38%) responded guidance and counseling were highly helped them. 36 (51.5%) were strongly agreed that female students were affected by fear. Most of the time, English teachers were directed questions to male students than female students in the classroom as it was represented by large number, i.e. 37 (53%). Significant large numbers of respondents, 23 (32.8%) socio-cultural factors were not affected female students’ classroom participation in English. 30 (42.8%) said they had no interest in English subject matter so that they were not interacted in English. Thus, the extents of female students were low. They were less likely took part in mixed-sex group arrangement. Guidance and counseling played great role in their participation. English teachers were rarely encouraged girls. It is better if much consideration should be given to female students’ involvement in education in general and classroom participation in English in particular. English teachers should give equal chance to female students as of male counter parts while asking question in the classroom. They also should frequently encourage female students by giving advice, tutoring them in same sex arrangement, giving awareness, etc. to promote their confidence to interact in the classroom.

The African Diaspora: A History Through Culture, by Patrick Manning (reviewed by Joseph C. Miller) Atlas of the Transatlantic Slave Trade, by David Eltis & David Richardson (reviewed by Ted Maris-Wolf) Abolition: A History of Slavery and Antislavery, by Seymour Drescher (reviewed by Gregory E. O’Malley) Paths to Freedom: Manumission in the Atlantic World, edited by Rosemary Brana-Shute & Randy J. Sparks (reviewed by Matthew Mason) You Are All Free: The Haitian Revolution and the Abolition of Slavery, by Jeremy D. Popkin (reviewed by Philippe R. Girard) Fighting for Honor: The History of African Martial Arts in the Atlantic World, by T .J. Desch Obi (reviewed by Flávio Gomes & Antonio Liberac Cardoso Simões Pires) Working the Diaspora: The Impact of African Labor on the Anglo-American World, 1650-1850, by Frederick C. Knight (reviewed by Walter Hawthorne) The Akan Diaspora in the Americas, by Kwasi Konadu (reviewed by Ray Kea) Tradition and the Black Atlantic: Critical Theory in the African Diaspora, by Henry Louis Gates Jr. (reviewed by Deborah A. Thomas) From Africa to Jamaica: The Making of an Atlantic Slave Society, 1775-1807, by Audra A. Diptee (reviewed by D.A. Dunkley) Elections, Violence and the Democratic Process in Jamaica 1944-2007, by Amanda Sives (reviewed by Douglas Midgett) Caciques and Cemi Idols: The Web Spun by Taino Rulers between Hispaniola and Puerto Rico, by José R. Oliver (reviewed by Brian D. Bates) The Latin American Identity and the African Diaspora: Ethnogenesis in Context, by Antonio Olliz Boyd (reviewed by Dawn F. Stinchcomb) Reconstructing Racial Identity and the African Past in the Dominican Republic, by Kimberly Eison Simmons (reviewed by Ginetta E.B. Candelario) Haiti and the Haitian Diaspora in the Wider Caribbean, edited by Philippe Zacaïr (reviewed by Catherine Benoît) Duvalier’s Ghosts: Race, Diaspora, and U.S. Imperialism in Haitian Literatures, by Jana Evans Braziel (reviewed by J. Michael Dash) Mainland Passage: The Cultural Anomaly of Puerto Rico, by Ramón E. Soto-Crespo (reviewed by Guillermo B. Irizarry) Report on the Island and Diocese of Puerto Rico (1647), by Diego de Torres y Vargas (reviewed by David A. Badillo) Land Reform in Puerto Rico: Modernizing the Colonial State, 1941-1969, by Ismael García-Colón (reviewed by Ricardo Pérez) Land: Its Occupation, Management, Use and Conceptualization. The Case of the Akawaio and Arekuna of the Upper Mazaruni District, Guyana, by Audrey J. Butt Colson (reviewed by Christopher Carrico) Caribbean Religious History: An Introduction, by Ennis B. Edmonds & Michelle A . Gonzalez (reviewed by N. Samuel Murrell) The Cross and the Machete: Native Baptists of Jamaica – Identity, Ministry and Legacy, by Devon Dick (reviewed by John W. Pulis) Swimming the Christian Atlantic: Judeoconversos, Afroiberians and Amerindians in the Seventeenth Century, by Jonathan Schorsch (reviewed by Richard L. Kagan) Kosmos und Kommunikation: Weltkonzeptionen in der südamerikanischen Sprachfamilie der Cariben, by Ernst Halbmayer (reviewed by Eithne B. Carlin) That Infernal Little Cuban Republic: The United States and the Cuban Revolution, by Lars Schoultz (reviewed by Antoni Kapcia) Voice of the Leopard: African Secret Societies and Cuba, by Ivor L. Miller (reviewed by Elizabeth Pérez) Guantánamo: A Working-Class History between Empire and Revolution, by Jana K. Lipman (reviewed by Barry Carr) Packaged Vacations: Tourism Development in the Spanish Caribbean, by Evan R. Ward (reviewed by Polly Pattullo) Afro-Greeks: Dialogues Between Anglophone Caribbean Literature and Classics in the Twentieth Century, by Emily Greenwood (reviewed by Gregson Davis) Caribbean Culture: Soundings on Kamau Brathwaite, edited by Annie Paul (reviewed by Paget Henry) Libertad en cadenas: Sacrificio, aporías y perdón en las letras cubanas, by Aída Beaupied (reviewed by Stephen Fay) The Trickster Comes West: Pan-African Influence in Early Black Diasporan Narratives, by Babacar M’baye (reviewed by Olabode Ibironke) Cheddi Jagan and the Politics of Power: British Guiana’s Struggle for Independence, by Colin A. Palmer (reviewed by Jay R. Mandle) A Language of Song: Journeys in the Musical World of the African Diaspora, by Samuel Charters (reviewed by Kenneth Bilby) Man Vibes: Masculinities in Jamaican Dancehall, by Donna P. Hope (reviewed by Eric Bindler)