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Fares, Fares. "Traitement des signaux Argos 4." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011INPT0024/document.
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Cette thèse est dédié à l’étude de la problématique des interférences multi utilisateurs dans le système Argos et à la proposition des diverses techniques pour réduire les effets de ces interférences. Le système Argos est un système mondial de localisation et de collecte de données géo positionnées par satellite. Il permet à l’échelle mondiale de collecter et de traiter les données émises par des émetteurs installés sur la surface de terre. Ces émetteurs sont connus sous le nom de balises. Ces balises sont installées sur des voiliers, des stations météo, des bouées, ainsi que sur quelques animaux (phoques, penguins, etc.…). Le système Argos a été créé en 1978 par le Centre National des Études spatiales (CNES), l’agence spatiale américaine (NASA) et l’agence américaine d’étude de l’atmosphère et de l’océan (NOAA). Depuis sa création, le nombre de balises Argos n’a cessé d’augmenter afin de couvrir au mieux la couverture mondiale. Nous sommes orientés ainsi à la saturation de la bande d’émission et à la présence des interférences multi utilisateurs (MUI) provenant de la réception simultanée de plusieurs signaux émis par les balises. Cette MUI limite la capacité du système Argos et dégrade les performances en termes de Taux Erreur Bit (TEB). Actuellement, le système Argos n’est capable de traiter qu’un seul signal reçu à un instant donné. D’où, l’intérêt d’implanter des techniques au niveau du récepteur capable de réduire les effets des interférences et de traiter les signaux émis par toutes les balises. Plusieurs techniques de détection multi utilisateurs (MUD) ont été développées dans le cadre de cette problématique. Ces techniques sont principalement implantées dans les systèmes CDMA où des codes d’étalement sont utilisés afin de différencier entre les différents signaux. Ceci n’est pas le cas du système Argos où les signaux ne présentent pas des séquences d’étalement et que les bandes de fréquences pour ces différents signaux ne sont pas disjointes à cause de l’effet Doppler et donc, un recouvrement spectral au niveau du récepteur est très probable. Dans ce contexte, l’objectif du travail présenté dans cette thèse est d’étudier différentes techniques MUD appliquées au système Argos et d’évaluer ces techniques au niveau des performances en termes de TEB et de complexité d’implantation. Dans ce travail, nous présentons les différentes composantes du système Argos ainsi que son mode de fonctionnement. Ensuite, nous présentons la problématique dans le système Argos ainsi que les différentes solutions proposées. Parmi ces solutions, nous montrons celle basant sur l’implantation des techniques MUD au niveau du récepteur. Ces différentes techniques MUD sont alors présentées ainsi que les avantages et les inconvénients de chacune d’elles. Parmi les techniques possédant un bon compromis entre les performances d’une part et la complexité d’autre part, nous notons la technique d’annulation par série d’interférence (SIC). Dans cette technique, les signaux sont démodulés successivement suivant l’ordre décroissant des puissances. Cette technique nécessite une étape d’estimation des paramètres des signaux à chaque étape. L’impact d’une estimation imparfaite des différents paramètres est aussi étudié. Après l’étude des impacts des erreurs d’estimation, nous proposons des estimateurs adaptables au système Argos. Les performances de ces estimateurs sont obtenues en comparant les variances de leurs erreurs aux bornes de Cramer Rao (CRB). Enfin, nous terminons le travail par une conclusion générale des résultats obtenus et nous envisageons les perspectives des prochains travauxIn our thesis, we investigate the application of multi user detection techniques to a Low Polar Orbit (LPO) satellite used in the Argos system. Argos is a global satellite-based location and data collection system dedicated for studying and protecting the environment. User platforms, each equipped with a Platform Transmitter Terminal (PTT), transmit data messages to a 850 km LPO satellite. An ARGOS satellite receives, decodes, and forwards the signals to ground stations. All PTTs transmit at random times in a 100 kHz bandwidth using different carrier frequencies. The central carrier frequency f0 is 401.65 MHz. Due to the relative motion between the satellite and the platforms, signals transmitted by PTTs are affected by both a different Doppler shift and a different propagation delay. Thus, the Argos satellite receives overlapping signals in both frequency and time domains inducing Multiple Access Interference (MAI). One common approach to mitigate the MAI problem is to implement Multi User Detection (MUD) techniques at the receiver. To tackle this problem, several MUD techniques have been proposed for the reception of synchronous and asynchronous users. In particular, the Successive Interference Cancelation (SIC) detector has been shown to offer a good optimality-complexity trade-off compared to other common approaches such as the Maximum Likelihood (ML) receiver. In an Argos SIC receiver, users are decoded in a successive manner, and the signals of successfully decoded users are subtracted from the waveform before decoding the next user. This procedure involves a parameter estimation step and the impact of erroneous parameter estimates on the performance of Argos SIC receiver has been studied. Argos SIC receiver has been shown to be both robust to imperfect amplitude and phase estimation and sensitive to imperfect time delay estimation. The last part of our work focuses on the implementation of digital estimators for the Argos system. In particular, we propose a time delay estimator, a frequency estimator, a phase estimator and an amplitude estimator. These estimators are derived from the ML principle and they have been already derived for the single user transmission. In our work, we adapt successfully these estimators for the multi user detector case. These estimators use the Non Data Aided (NDA) cases in which no a priori information for the transmitted bits is required. The performance of these different estimators are compared to the Cramer Rao Bound (CRB) values. Finally, we conclude in our work by showing the different results obtained during this dissertation. Also, we give some perspectives for future work on Argos system
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Oikonomou-Laniado, Anastasia. "Argos à l'époque paléochrétienne (IVe-VIIe siècles)." Paris 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA010707.
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Le sujet de cette thèse est l'archéologie et l'urbanisme de la ville d’Argos, Grèce, du IVe au VIIe siècle. Le premier chapitre décrit le cadre historique et rassemble les renseignements historiques relatifs à Argos pendant l'époque en question. Le deuxième chapitre décrit le centre-ville et ses monuments au IVe siècle, et il est suivi par un chapitre sur les églises paléochrétiennes fouillées à Argos. Le quatrième chapitre est consacré aux trois cimetières paléochrétiens actuellement connus, et le cinquième, à la céramique trouvée dans ces cimetières. Le sixième chapitre donne l’édition de 25 inscriptions funéraires de l'époque paléochrétienne, pour la plupart inédites. Le septième chapitre s'occupe de l'habitat prive, et le huitième, des rues, égouts et canalisations. Le dernier chapitre est basé sur les résultats des chapitres précédents et en tire des conclusions sur l'évolution de l'urbanisme à Argos jusqu'au VIIe siècleThe subject of this thesis is the archaeology and urbanism of Argos, Greece, from the fourth to the seventh century a. D. The first chapter gives a geographical framework and gathers the historical evidence available for Argos during the period under discussion. The second chapter describes the city centre and its monuments, and it is followed by a chapter on the early christian churches excavated in Argos. The fourth chapter is dedicated to the three early Christians cimeteries known at present, while the fifth deals with the pottery excavated in these cimeteries. The sixth chapter gives an edition and translation of 25 Christian funerary inscriptions, mostly unpublished. The seventh chapter deals with private building and the eight, with streets and sewers. The final chapter is based upon the results of the previous ones, and offers conclusions about the development of urbanism in Argos down to the seventh century
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Moretti, Jean-Charles. "Le théâtre d'Argos." Paris 10, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA100091.
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Le théâtre d’Argos est situé au pied du promontoire que présente l'acropole de la cite, la Larissa, à l'extrémité sud de son flanc est. Le premier état de l'édifice date du premier quart du IIIe siècle avant J. -C. Son bâtiment de skènè comportait un prosternions, probablement ionique, une skènè de plan rectangulaire dotée d'un front de scène perce de cinq larges baies, deux rampes conduisant à l'étage de la skènè et à l'estrade du proskenion et un portique dorique adossé à la skènè. Un cercle de dalles de calcaire, côtoyé de deux tangentes, était inscrit dans l'orchestra, à laquelle on pouvait accéder, de la scène, par un passage souterrain. Le koilon, dont les kerkis centrales étaient taillées dans le rocher et les kerkis latérales construites, avait une capacité de vingt mille places. A l'époque d'Hadrien, vraisemblablement aux frais de l'empereur, l'édifice scénique fut remodelé. Il fut doté d'un pulpitum bas et profond, côtoyé de deux parascaenia, et d'une frons scaenae rectiligne percée de trois portes. Le théâtre, où se déroula dès le troisième siècle avant J. -C. La partie musicale et dramatique des concours nemeens, accueillit, a l'époque impériale, dans son orchestra, des chasses, des combats de gladiateurs et des thetymimesThe argos theater is situated at the southeast extremity of a promontory which is part of the acropolis, named larissa. The first period of this building is dated in the first quarter of the third century B. C. The skene building was formed by : a proskenion, probably of ionic order, a rectangular skene with a frons scaenae which has five large openings, two rampes leading to the first floor of the skene and to the floor of the proskenion and a doric portico on the back of the skene. A circle of limestone slabs, limited on both sides by tangents, is situated in the orchestra. A subterranean way conmected the orchestra with the skene. The central kerkides of the koilon were cut into the rock, though the lateral kerkides built up. Twenty thousand persons could have a seat. In hadrian times, the skene building was transformed, very likely at the expense of the emperor. A low and deep pulpitum, bordered by two parascaenia, and a straight frons scaenae with tree doors, has been constructed. From the third century b. C. , the musical and dramatic performances of the nemea games were organized in the theater of argos. During the imperial period, hunts, gladiators and thetymimes took place in the orchestra
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Hallin, Mattias, and Mats Johansson. "ARGOS – En konceptuell säkerhetsmodell för en serviceorienterad affärsmiljö." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-138.
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Organisationer ställs numera inför ökade krav på förändring och förnyelse i sitt affärsgörande. Det medför samtidigt nya krav på de affärsstödjande IT-system som befinner sig i organisationen vilka måste klara de högre kraven på anpassning i samband med en förändring av organisationen och affärsprocesserna. För att kunna uppnå de nya kraven på flexibilitet och lös koppling som verksamheten ställer på systemen realiserar nu alltfler service-orienterade arkitekturer vilket innebär att delarna i systemen utvecklas som tjänster, levererade efter behov och konsumerade på begäran.
Affärsgörandet i den service-orienterade miljön kräver tillit till både miljön och transaktionerna. Vi menar att det är först när aktörernas trygghetsbehov är tillfredsställt som förutsättningar finns att aktörerna känner ett intresse eller en vilja att delta i den öppna miljöns olika affärsaktiviteter. Affärsvärdet som kommuniceras i miljöns interaktioner bestämmer till stor del säkerhetsbehovet och därmed säkerhetsarkitekturens utformning.
För att kunna säkra den öppna miljö där tjänsterna brukas och affärsinteraktionerna sker ser vi ett behov av en säkerhetsmodell som är tillräckligt flexibel för att inte inverka hämmande på serviceorienteringens grundläggande principer såsom dynamik och flexibilitet i arkitekturen eller på autonomin för inblandade aktörer och tjänster. Denna modell kan genom att lyfta fram viktiga aspekter som bör beaktas utgöra ett stöd för dem som arbetar med att utforma, nyttja eller förvalta säkra service-orienterade affärsmiljöer.
Vi har funnit att det finns en mängd olika service-orienterade affärsmiljöer vilka delar vissa grundläggande egenskaper. Ett exempel på denna typ av gemensam egenskap är lös koppling mellan autonoma och heterogena agenter. I affärsmiljön kan det råda förhållanden som sträcker sig från en-till-en ända till många-till-många.
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Vrána, Tomáš. "Stavebně technologický projekt haly Argos Elektro v Ostravě." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-265726.
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This thesis deals with the construction and technological project for construction of a storage and office buildings Argos Elektro in Ostrava. The thesis contains a technical report object, construction schedule, report building equipment, design mechanical assembly, technological specification for the shell construction, technological prescription for pilots, inspection and test plans, risks and safety measures, structural details and itemized construction budget.
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Chauvet, Julie. "Les Argiens et leurs dieux : espaces et temps sacrés, acteurs du culte et rites : de l'organisation de la cité (VIIIe s. avant notre ère) à la visite de Pausanias à Argos (IIe s. de notre ère)." Thesis, Tours, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010TOUR2009.
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L'objet de cette thèse est l'étude du terrain cultuel argien et de la toile des relations tissées entre les Argiens et leurs dieux par le biais des pratiques religieuses. Celles-ci sont envisagées dans un cadre chronologique large, de l'organisation de la cité d'Argos au VIlle s. av. notre ère, à la visite de Pausanias à Argos au Ile s. de notre ère. À l'aide de toutes les sources disponibles, nous étudions les espaces sacrés et le temps religieux argiens à de multiples échelles : de l'"oikos" aux sanctuaires de la cité, des rites quotidiens aux cultes rendus lors des grandes fêtes annuelles, de l'acte individuel à l'action collective de groupes - professionnels ou associatifs - ou de l'ensemble de la cité. Ce faisant, nous avons cherché à replacer sans cesse les hommes au centre de ces questions afin d'appréhender aussi bien les relations qu'ils entretenaient avec leurs divinités que le rôle de chacun des acteurs, des responsables des charges religieuses aux participants anonymesThe main purpose of this thesis is to clarify the Argive cultic ground and the web of relationships woven between the Argives and their Gods, thanks to numerous religious practices performed from the Eighth century BC, date of the organization of the polis, till the Second century AD, when Pausanias visited this city. Studying the ancient sources at our disposition, I propose an account of the Argive sacred spaces and time, following a range of multiple scales : from the oikoi to the city sanctuaries, from the rites of the everyday life to those performed during annual and civic festivals, from the individual pious acts to those implicating a restricted group - cultic or professional associations - or the city as a whole. Proceeding step by step, I always tried to put men and women at the centre of all these questions in order to show not only the relationship they established with their gods but also their roles as actors - anonymous individuals or those taking hold or sharing a religious charge - playing a part in cultic practices
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Antonopoulos, Dionisios G., and Henry V. Turner. "Design and implementation of the PMS module for ARGOS." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/26968.
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Abril, Bello Yorlady. "Valoración Cementos Argos S.A. : por flujos de caja descontados." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2018. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/168574.
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TESIS PARA OPTAR AL GRADO DE MAGÍSTER EN FINANZASEl presente informe tiene como objetivo valorar la empresa Cementos Argos S.A., por el método de Flujos de caja descontados al 31 de diciembre de 2017. Cementos Argos es una empresa colombiana que hace parte del Grupo Argos S.A., y en el negocio del cemento y concreto es líder en Colombia, el quinto productor más grande en América Latina y segundo más grande en Estados Unidos. El método de valoración utilizado corresponde al Flujo de Caja Descontado (DCF por sus siglas en inglés – Discounted Cash Flow), método que hasta el día de hoy es el que arroja resultados más exactos desde un punto de vista empírico y es el más utilizado para efectuar valoraciones de empresas mediante la construcción y proyección de flujos que tienen una relación directa con la utilidad y el crecimiento del negocio evaluado. A partir de los datos históricos de los años 2013 a 2017 obtenidos de los reportes financieros anuales de la empresa, se realizó un estudio previo que comprende la descripción de la empresa y la industria, así como el financiamiento con el que opera. Posteriormente, considerando la estructura de capital objetivo y el costo de la deuda correspondiente a uno de sus bonos corporativos a largo plazo, se estimó la tasa de costo de capital (WACC) del 10,6%. La moneda funcional de la fuente de información corresponde al peso colombiano y los bonos son colocaciones nacionales, por lo que este trabajo se realizó tomando todas las cifras en millones de pesos colombianos. Los ingresos se estimaron por región de operación, tomando como base las proyecciones de mercado, información histórica y reportes de la empresa. Los costos operacionales y no operacionales se estimaron como una proporción de los ingresos ordinarios con base en el análisis del desempeño histórico. Se realizó la proyección del Estado de Resultados y Flujo de Caja por 5 años a partir del año 2018, para luego determinar el valor de la empresa con un valor terminal sin crecimiento, sumando el exceso de CTON y restándole la deuda financiera, obteniendo un precio de la acción ordinaria de Cementos Argos S.A., de $9.047,1
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Hapiot, Laurence. "Les tombes d'Argos de l'Helladique moyen à l'époque ottomane : étude bio-archéologique." Thesis, Paris 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA010591.
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Argos est l’un des sites majeurs de la Grèce dont l’occupation n’a cessé depuis le Néolithique jusqu’à nos jours. Cette occupation continue se traduit par un patrimoine anthropologique riche, en partie exhumé par les fouilles de l’École Française d’Athènes. Depuis les premières fouilles de Wilhelm Vollgraff en 1902, Argos a livré plusieurs centaines de tombes dispersées dans la ville moderne. Nous adoptons ici une approche bio-archéologique des sépultures, de l’Helladique moyen à l’époque ottomane, ayant livré des restes anthropologiques, en vue d’apporter un éclairage nouveau sur ce qui pouvaient être les conditions de vie à Argos. Un travail d’identification est tout d’abord réalisé afin de rendre exploitable cette collection, en grande partie issue de fouilles anciennes. Pour les 341 individus dénombrés, on a procédé à une estimation du sexe et de l’âge à travers l’étude anthropologique. Une étude croisée est ensuite réalisée faisant appel à des disciplines variées telles que : l’anthropologie dentaire, l’étude des isotopes stables ou encore la tribologie. Cela nous fournit une carte d’identité unique des individus de cette collection. Notre synthèse illustre l’intérêt de ce type d’approche multidisciplinaire en revisitant notre perception de l’Helladique moyen (2000-1600 BC), La confrontation des données bio-archéologiques et des pratiques funéraires permet de confirmer, ou parfois de nuancer, nos connaissances sur la Grèce mésohelladique parfois qualifiée de “tiers monde” de l’Égée. On y entrevoit un monde certes difficile, mais dans lequel la position d’Argos semble finalement relativement confortable en comparaison des sites voisinsArgos is one of the major sites of Greece whose occupation has continued since the Neolithic to the present. This continued occupation results in a rich anthropological heritage, partly revealed by the excavations of the French School of Athens. Since the first excavations conducted by Wilhelm Vollgraff in 1902, Argos has revealed hundreds of graves scattered in the modern city. We adopt here a bio-archaeological approach of the burials from the Middle Helladic to the Ottoman period, which delivered anthropological remains, with the intention to shed new light on what could have been the living conditions in Argos. An identification work is first performed to make usable this collection, which largely results from earlier excavations. For the 341 individuals listed, sex, age and stature could be determined through anthropological study. A crossover study was then carried out using a variety of disciplines such as dental anthropology, the study of stable isotopes or tribology. This provides us with a unique description of the individuals of this collection. Our synthesis illustrates the value of this type of multidisciplinary approach by revisiting our perception of the Middle Helladic period (2000-1600 BC). Comparison of bio-archaeological and burial practices data confirms or sometimes nuances, our knowledge of mesohelladic Greece sometimes called the “third world” of the Aegean. It envisions a world that is certainly difficult, but in which Argos finally seems to be in a relatively comfortable position compared to neighboring sites
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Wehr, Oliver [Verfasser]. "Die Ilias und Argos : Ein Beitrag zur homerischen Frage / Oliver Wehr." Frankfurt : Peter Lang GmbH, Internationaler Verlag der Wissenschaften, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1080457585/34.
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Rodrigues, José Antonio. "Demodulador Argos III compatível com sinais PTT-A2 e PTT-A3." Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE), 2018. http://urlib.net/sid.inpe.br/mtc-m21c/2018/08.01.12.38.
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Atualmente, o alerta prévio de desastres naturais e ambientais iminentes, a previsão acurada do clima e compreensão detalhada do status dos recursos hídricos globais são assuntos cotidianos extremamente importantes para a comunidade global. Os Serviços Nacionais de Meteorologia e Hidrologia em todo o mundo são responsáveis por fornecer essas informações, que são necessárias para a proteção do meio ambiente, desenvolvimento econômico (transporte, energia, agricultura, etc.) e a segurança da vida e da propriedade. Neste contexto, um dos serviços amplamente utilizado mundialmente é o Sistema Internacional de Coleta de Dados (International Data Collection System) que é composto por redes de satélites geoestacionários e de órbita baixa (não-geoestacionário). O INPE desenvolve e opera o Sistema Brasileiro de Coleta de Dados Ambientais (SBCDA) que é composto basicamente pelos satélites de Coleta de Dados (SCDs) 1 e 2, e Satélite Sino Brasileiro de Recursos Terrestres (CBERS) 4, e pelas cerca de 1100 Plataformas de Coleta de Dados (PCDs) distribuídas no território brasileiro, e pelas Estações Terrenas de Recepção (ETRs) em Cuiabá-MT, e Alcântara-MA, e pelo Centro de Missão (CM) no Centro Regional do Nordeste do INPE (INPE/CRN) em Natal, RN. O SBCDA opera desde 1993 utilizando uma tecnologia analógica que vem se tornando obsoleta, a qual naturalmente deverá ser substituída por sistemas digitais com decodificação e armazenamento de dados a bordo. Neste cenário, a sincronização de frequência e fase da portadora e a estimação de tempo de símbolo é de fundamental importância para a recepção correta do sinal que chega ao receptor. Portanto, foi proposto o desenvolvimento de uma solução para estas funções utilizando processamento digital de sinais através de códigos em MatLab. Para a implementação da sincronização de frequência foi utilizado um PLL Digital de segunda ordem, levando em consideração requisitos como o efeito Doppler. Para o estimador de tempo de símbolo foi utilizado o algoritmo com alimentação direta x (feedforward), o qual utiliza uma estrutura de simples implementação, uma simplificação do proposto em [16]. Também foi adotada uma solução simples de um interpolador linear para determinação do tempo de atraso. O resultado apresentado pelo sincronizador de frequência / fase foi satisfatório para operação em parte da faixa. O estimador de tempo de símbolos também apresentou resultado satisfatório para Eb/N0 na faixa de 0 a 11 dB, com uma perda menor que 0,5 dB em relação ao valor teórico.Nowadays previous warning of impending natural and environmental disasters, accurate climate prediction, and detailed understanding of the status of global water resources are everyday issues that are extremely important to the global community. The National Meteorological and Hydrological Services throughout the world are responsible for providing this information, which is necessary for the protection of the environment, economic development (transportation, energy, agriculture, etc.) and the safety of life and property. In this context, one of the services widely used worldwide is the International Data Collection System which is composed of geostationary and low-orbit (nongeostationary) satellite networks. INPE develops and operates the Brazilian Data Collection System (BDCS), which is basically composed by the Data Collection Satellite (DCS) 1 and 2, the China-Brazilian Earth Resources Satellite (CBERS) 4, 1100+ Data Collection Platforms (DCPs) distributed in the Brazilian territory, two Receiving Ground Stations (RGS) at Cuiabá-MT, and Alcântara-MA, and one MISSION Center (MC) at the INPE Northeast Regional Center (INPE/NRC) at Natal, RN The BDCS has been operating since 1993 using an analog technology that has become obsolete and must be replaced by digital systems with on-board data decoding and storage. In this scenario, carrier frequency and phase synchronization and symbol time estimation have a fundamental importance for the correct reception of the signal arriving at the receiver. Therefore, it was proposed the development of a solution for these functions using digital signal processing using MatLab codes. For the implementation of frequency synchronization, the chosen solution uses xii a second-order Digital PLL, taking into account requirements such as the Doppler Effect. For the symbol time estimator we used the feedforward algorithm, which uses a simple implementation structure, a simplification of the one proposed in [16]. Also a simple solution of a linear interpolator was used to determine the delay time. The result presented by the frequency / phase synchronizer was satisfactory for operation in part of the range. The symbol time estimator also presented satisfactory results for Eb / N0 in the 0 to 11 dB range, with a loss of less than 0.5 dB over the theoretical value.
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Le, Traon Pierre-Yves. "Apport des flotteurs de surface suivis par Argos à l'étude de la circulation océanique : comparaison et combinaison avec des données altimétriques, hydrologiques et de flotteurs profonds : [thèse en partie soutenue sur un ensemble de travaux]." Toulouse 3, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990TOU30229.
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Ce travail a pour objectif principal de montrer l'apport des flotteurs de surface pour l'etude de la circulation oceanique. La premiere partie montre que les limites de capacite et de precision de localisation du systeme argos vont au-dela des besoins des oceanographes. En ameliorant les traitements, on peut obtenir des precisions de 50 a 100 m sur une localisation instantanee et de 10 a 20 m (en relatif) pour des points fixes. La circulation moyenne en atlantique nord est ensuite calculee a partir de 135 flotteurs de surface. Une composante ageostrophique - d'amplitude environ 2% celle du vent et a 45 a droite en moyenne de son axe est estimee. Les temps integraux et les diffusivites turbulentes (hors gulf stream) sont respectivement compris entre 2 et 5 jours et 2 et 8 10#7 cm#2s#-#1. Les diffusivites calculees a partir de la variabilite de la topographie de surface semblent sous-estimees. Leurs gradients montrent que les vitesses moyennes des flotteurs lagrangiens peuvent etre legerement biaisees. Dans la troisieme partie, les energies cinetiques tourbillonnaires obtenues par l'altimetrie (geosat) et les flotteurs de surface sont comparees et un tres bon accord est obtenu. L'apport specifique de l'altimetrie est mis en evidence en calculant les spectres en nombre d'onde de la topographie de surface sur l'atlantique nord. Enfin, deux techniques de combinaison des flotteurs de surface a l'hydrologie et aux flotteurs profonds sont presentees. Une analyse objective multivariee pouvant prendre en compte un champ moyen non uniforme est utilisee pour decrire un tourbillon associe au front des acores. Les fonctions de correlation sont obtenues par l'altimetrie. On montre que les flotteurs de surface utilises suivent les courants geostrophiques. Un modele inverse permet d'estimer une circulation stationnaire geostrophique dans l'atlantique nord-ouest satisfaisant des contraintes de non divergence 3d, de conservation de la densite potentielle et de pompage d'ekman. La compatibilite des donnees et l'apport des flotteurs lagrangiens sont montres
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Fornis, César. "Estabilidad y conflicto civil en la guerra del Peloponeso : las sociedades corintia y argiva /." Oxford : Archaeopress, 1999. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb370923711.
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Sauzeau, Pierre. "Les partages d'Argos : sur les pas des Danaïdes /." [Paris] : Belin, 2005. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb39916940j.
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Westman, Stefan A. H. "Design and implementation of a data model for the NPS ARGOS project." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/25825.
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Approved for public release: distribution is unlimited.The ARGOS project is a design and an implementation of a prototype multimedia database system developed as both a Battle Group Commander's assessment tool and a shipboard data management tool. The original prototype was developed using the HyperCard/Macintosh technology, taking advantage of its object-oriented properties and its user-friendly graphical interface. The major problem with the current implementation if that all information is located in a relatively slow and inefficient database. Updates of information have to be hard-coded and access to other databases in or outside the current working environment is not supported. This thesis proposes an enhanced system taking advantage of relational database management technique. The proposed system is based on the idea that all information, including images, button locations, and other system variables, shall be accessed from the relational database management system. This approach makes it possible to separate the user interface from the stored data thus providing a platform independent environment. The enhanced system is developed using Oracle as the relational database management system. The user interface is built in Hypercard on the Macintosh. All data retrieval is based on ANSI SQL
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Ault, William R. "Design and implementation of an operations module for the ARGOS paperless ship system." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/26969.
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Approved for public release; distribution in unlimited.The "paperless' ship is an idea wvhich has been advocated at the highest levels in the Navy. The goal is to eliminate the enormous amount of paper required in the normal operation of a modern naval warship. The ARGOS system under development at the Naval Postgraduate school is a prototype solution which uses HyperCard/HyperTalk for prototype development. The operations functional area, including sections for training, scheduling, message generation, and publication management is an important part of this development.
http://archive.org/details/designimplementa00ault
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Kern, Deborah R. "Design and implementation of the acoustic database and acoustic trainer modules for "ARGOS"." Thesis, Monterey, California : Naval Postgraduate School, 1990. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA232052.
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Thesis (M.S. in Computer Science)--Naval Postgraduate School, June 1990.Thesis Advisor(s): Wu, C. Thomas. Second Reader: Lum, Vincent Y. "June 1990." Description based on signature page. DTIC Identifier(s): Software engineering, event driven multimedia database, acoustic database. Author(s) subject terms: Software engineering, event driven multimedia database, acoustic database. Includes bibliographical references (p. 96). Also available online.
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Mamede, Natália dos Santos. "Movimentos de fêmeas e filhotes de baleia-jubarte, Megaptera novaeangliae (Borowski, 1781), na área reprodutiva da costa brasileira." Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF), 2011. https://repositorio.ufjf.br/jspui/handle/ufjf/3037.
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CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
O movimento dos animais é motivado pela necessidade de executar atividades em certos tipos de habitat em um tempo específico. As baleias-jubarte migram de áreas de alimentação, no verão, para áreas reprodutivas, no inverno. Sua distribuição é bem conhecida na costa brasileira, mas, a extensão de sua área de cria ainda não é clara. Compreender as relações entre fatores físicos ambientais, definindo o nicho de reprodução, e o cuidado parental é importante para efetivar planejamentos de Áreas Marinhas Protegidas destinadas a englobar habitats críticos. A partir da telemetria satelital, 41 fêmeas acompanhadas por filhote foram marcadas com transmissores (ARGOS), com o objetivo de caracterizar os movimentos de fêmeas e filhotes na costa brasileira e correlacionálos a variáveis ambientais. A distância em média percorrida foi de 1.005 km (±29,97) com a distância mínima 56 e máxima 4.050 km. Os pares fêmea - filhote se concentraram em distâncias a costa menores que 150 km e usaram em sua maioria profundidades menores que 100m. As freqüências mais elevadas de localizações foram associadas aos maiores buffers ao redor dos recifes de coral. A área de cria de baleias-jubarte no Atlântico Sul Ocidental está relacionada a águas rasas e costeiras, sendo mais ampla do que a distribuição de recifes de coral. As escolhas de uso de habitat das fêmeas em áreas reprodutivas é um balanço do gasto energético entre a movimentação e cuidado maternal. A disponibilidade de características ambientais favoráveis ao cuidado parental dificilmente é avaliada, podendo resultar em interpretações parciais dos fenômenos de distribuição e uso do espaço em cetáceos.
The movement of animals is motivated by the need to carry out activities in certain habitat types in a specific time. Humpback whales, migrate to feeding grounds in summer to breeding grounds in winter. Its distribution is well known in the Brazilian coast, but the extent of his nurse area is not yet clear. Understand the relationship between physical environmental factors defining the niche of reproduction and parental care is important for effective planning of marine protected areas to encompass critical habitats. The telemetry from the satellite 41 females accompanied by calf were marked with transmitters (ARGOS), aiming to characterize the movements of females and calves on the Brazilian coast and correlate them with environmental variables. The average distance traveled was 1.005 km (± 29.97) with a maximum 56 and minimum distance 4.050 km. The couple female - calf focused on distances less than 150 km coastline and use mostly shallower water than 100m. The higher frequencies of locations are associated with larger buffers around coral reefs. The nurse area of humpback whales in the South Atlantic is related to coastal and shallow waters, being broader than the distribution of coral reefs. The choices of habitat use of females in breeding areas are a balance of energy expenditure between the drive and maternal care. The availability of environmental characteristics conducive to parental care is rarely evaluated and may result in partial interpretations of the phenomena of distribution and use of space in cetaceans.
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Ratinaud, Lachkar Isabelle. "Argos, l'Argeia et le Péloponnèse à l'époque géométrique (IXe-VIIIe siècles av. J. -C. )." Paris 4, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA040259.
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Construit sur des arguments littéraires tardifs, le mythe d'un empire argien ne résiste pas à l'analyse. L'étude de la mythologie et de l'histoire argiennes traditionnelles montre que ce mirage est déjà en place à l'époque classique. Il convient donc de revenir aux sources archéologiques pour mener cette étude. Les 15 sites concernés ont fait l'objet d'une véritable reconstruction à partir des vestiges disponibles. Il est possible alors de raisonner. Proposer une estimation de la population de la plaine, site par site, une évolution de sa répartition et une reconstitution de son état sanitaire permet de parler de colonisation intérieure de la plaine au gr. Au milieu du VIIIe s. , le site d’Argos domine déjà très nettement l'Argeia. C'est en effet sur ce seul site que des traces sont laissées par une riche aristocratie dont le mode de vie est décrit. Même s'il est impossible de donner une forme précise aux liens qu'elle a tissés, l'aristocratie argienne, enrichie par l'élevage des chevaux et utilisant l'Héraion, sanctuaire de toute la plaine culturellement unifiée, pour affirmer son pouvoir, domine politiquement l'Argeia. On ne peut faire entrer le culte des tombes mycéniennes et la destruction d'Asine dans ce schéma. L'un et l'autre appartiennent à des logiques qui ne sont pas celles de l'aristocratie argienne. Mais la puissance de cette aristocratie ne se limite pas à la plaine. Elle trouve également son affirmation dans les trépieds et statuettes de bronze argiens, trouves en abondance à Olympie. Tous cependant ne peuvent être des offrandes argiennes. Ces objets magnifient surtout l'habileté des bronziers d’Argos. Car la plaine argienne à l'époque géométrique se caractérise également par son repliement sur soi : à l'exception d'excursions le long de la côte est du Péloponnèse pour son minerai de fer et de la Thyréatide (?), les argiens, forts de leur culture et de leur passé, se ferment aux influences extérieures et notamment aux nouveautés venues de l'orientBuilt on late literary evidences, the myth of an Argive empire cannot be valid. The study of traditional Argive mythology and history proves that this myth already existed in the classical period. Thus we must come back to the archaeological evidences for this study. In the Argive plain, fifteen sites give us traces of the geometric period. For each of them, I try to reconstruct the evolution of the settlement. There it becomes possible to understand how big the population of the Argive plain in the geometric period is, how it lives and how it colonizes the Argeia. In the lg, Argos was already the main site in the plain. An aristocracy lives there; some of its tombs, like the t 45, have been discovered. Its way of life is described. Its wealth was built on horse breeding. It uses the Heraion, sanctuary of all the plain, to assert its authority. So the Argive plain was politically and culturally unified. However the tomb cult and the destruction of Asine in the same period are probably not attributable to the Argive aristocrat. Traces of the Argive aristocracy power are also evidenced through the many Argive bronze tripods and statuettes found in Olympia, even though they cannot all be Argive offers. These objects are more the sign of the manual skill of the Argive bronze smelters. In fact, in the geometric period, the Argive plain was very inward-looking: except for some iron ore harvesting trips along the east coast of Peloponnese and perhaps into the thyreatid, the Argives isolate themselves from foreign and new influences, especially coming from the orient
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Terzian, Hélène. "Analyse moléculaire et fonctionnelle d'"Argo" : un gène de drosophile potentiellement impliqué dans la voie de transduction de "Decapentaplegic" et codant pour un facteur de transcription de type bZIP." Paris 11, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA11T028.
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Maraninchi, Florence. "Argos : un langage graphique pour la conception, la description et la validation des systèmes réactifs." Grenoble 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990GRE10006.
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Ce travail definit le langage argos pour la description des systemes reactifs, et l'environnement de validation argonaute. Argos possede une syntaxe graphique. Les systemes reactifs y sont decrits par des compositions d'automates communicants. Les principales compositions sont: la mise en parallele, et une operation de raffinement introduite pour supporter une methode de conception hierarchique. Une semantique operationnelle est donnee en s'appuyant sur une syntaxe textuelle equivalente a la syntaxe graphique. Le modele d'un programme argos est un systeme de transitions etiquetees. Des comparaisons avec d'autres langages utilises dans le domaine sont effectuees. Trois exemples complets sont traites: montre a affichage numerique, protocole de la fenetre glissante, protocole avec connexion et deconnexion. Argonaute permet d'editer graphiquement des descriptions de systemes en argos, de les compiler en systemes de transitions etiquetees, puis de produire une animation graphique de leur comportement. Il est aussi possible d'utiliser d'autres outils pour evaluer des formules de logique temporelle sur le modele, ou pour reduire et comparer les modeles
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Charest, Abigail J. "Investigation of Physical Characteristics Impacting Fate and Transport of Viral Surrogates in Water Systems." Digital WPI, 2015. https://digitalcommons.wpi.edu/etd-dissertations/54.
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A multi-scale approach was used to investigate the occurrence and physical characteristics of viral surrogates in water systems. This approach resulted in a methodology to quantify the dynamics and physical parameters of viral surrogates, including bacteriophages and nanoparticles. Physical parameters impacting the occurrence and survival of viruses can be incorporated into models that predict the levels of viral contamination in specific types of water. Multiple full-scale water systems (U.S., Italy and Australia) were tested including surface water, drinking water, stormwater and wastewater systems. Water quality parameters assessed included viral markers (TTV, polyomavirus, microviridae and adenovirus), bacteriophages (MS2 and ΦX-174), and coliforms (total coliforms and E. coli). In this study, the lack of correlations between adenovirus and that of bacterial indicators suggests that these bacterial indicators are not suitable as indicators of viral contamination. In the wastewater samples, microviridae were correlated to the adenovirus, polyomavirus, and TTV. While TTV may have some qualities which are consistent with an indicator such as physical similarity to enteric viruses and occurrence in populations worldwide, the use of TTV as an indicator may be limited as a result of the detection occurrence. The limitations of TTV may impede further analysis and other makers such as coliphages, and microviridae may be easier to study in the near future. Batch scale adsorption tests were conducted. Protein-coated latex nanospheres were used to model bacteriophages (MS2 and ΦX-174) and includes a comparison of the zeta potentials in lab water, and two artificial groundwaters with monovalent and divalent electrolytes. This research shows that protein-coated particles have higher average log10 removals than uncoated particles. Although, the method of fluorescently labeling nanoparticles may not provide consistent data at the nanoscale. The results show both that research on viruses at any scale can be difficult and that new methodologies are needed to analyze virus characteristics in water systems. A new dynamic light scattering methodology, area recorded generalized optical scattering (ARGOS) method, was developed for observing the dynamics of nanoparticles, including bacteriophages MS2 and ΦX-174. This method should be further utilized to predict virus fate and transport in environmental systems and through treatment processes. While the concentration of MS2 is higher than ΦX-174 as demonstrated by relative total intensity, the RMSD shows that the dynamics are greater and have more variation in ΦX-174 than MS2 and this may be a result of the hydrophobic nature of ΦX-174. Relationships such as these should be further explored, and may reflect relationships such as particle bonds or hydrophobicity.
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Ferraroli, Sandra. "Etude des déplacements en mer des tortues luths nidifiant sur le plateau des Guyanes : Contribution à leur conservation." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2004. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2004/FERRAROLI_Sandra_2004.pdf.
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Les activités humaines, en particulier les pêcheries, sont responsables du déclin mondial des populations de tortues marines. Six des sept espèces sont en danger d'extinction. La tortue luth présente la plus vaste répartition géographique parmi les reptiles. Elle doit donc faire face à des conditions océaniques contrastées. La plage d'Awala-Yalimapo en Guyane est le principal site de ponte au monde de la tortue luth. Cependant, depuis 1993, la population décroît. Mes travaux sont en accord avec l'hypothèse d'une mortalité accrue dans les engins de pêche. En effet, le suivi par satellite de femelles entre les pontes successives d'une même saison indique qu'elles utilisent principalement une zone de 40 km de rayon centrée sur 5,9ʿN et 53,9ʿO, transfrontalière avec le Surinam et située dans des eaux peu profondes (<30m). Après la saison de ponte, certaines femelles ont été suivies plus de 16 mois et sur plus de 10000 km. Elles n'utilisent pas de corridors comme ceci a été observé pour d'autres populations de tortues luths. Elles montrent une grande plasticité comportementale avec au moins trois principaux schémas de dispersion : à l'Ouest, au Nord et à l'Est. Contrairement à ce qui a été suggéré par d'autres auteurs, les femelles ne se laissent pas passivement transporter par les courants. Nos résultats suggèrent également que les femelles se nourrissent principalement sur le bord froid des anomalies d'eau chaude observées à méso-échelle. Or, ces zones sont fortement exploitées par les pêcheries ciblées sur le thon et l'espadon. Ceci expose par conséquent les tortues luths à un nouveau risque de captures accidentelles entre deux saisons de ponte. Outre ces aspects de conservation prioritaires, les résultats présentés dans ce travail amènent de nouvelles questions sur des aspects peu étudiés de cette espèce. Notamment concernant les conséquences de la variation des facteurs océaniques sur leur stratégie d'alimentation et de reproductionThe main cause of the decline in sea turtle populations is attributed to excess mortality due to coastal and oceanic fisheries. The leatherback sea turtle has the most extensive range and is therefore submitted to variable environmental conditions when at sea. The nesting populations of leatherback turtles in French Guiana are the largest in the world. Since 1993, an alarming decline is observed. Using the Argos satellite system, we have studied the movements of 32 females in relation to oceanographic conditions. Twenty of them were investigated during the nesting period. Our data, obtained since 2000, show that the females remain on the continental shelf between their successive comings ashore for laying. At sea they remain distributed mainly in shallow waters at the border between French Guiana and Surinam, i. E. In a 40 km radius area centred on 5. 9ʿN and 53. 9ʿW. Importantly, their distribution overlaps with the areas used by fisheries, thus favouring incidental catches of sea turtles not only in coastal waters but also on all the continental shelf. Previous works in the Pacific and Indian Oceans have suggested that leatherback turtles use distinct corridors and are passively transported by oceanic currents. Here we show instead that females from French Guiana tracked for up to 16 months and over 10000 km dispersed widely in the Northern Atlantic Ocean. They moreover moved actively in three main directions: west, north and east, and frequently opposing surface currents. In addition, they used different dispersion patterns between years and, from their changes in directions and localizations, they seem to forage on the cold side of warm eddies where industrial tuna fisheries operate. Thus, oceanic routes of leatherbacks do not cross fishing areas by pure coincidence. This study reveals the need of long term, large scale, and pluridisciplinary approaches for conservation of migrating critically endangered species
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Lopez, Remy. "Développement d'une nouvelle algorithmie de localisation adaptée à l'ensemble des mobiles suivis par le système ARGOS." Phd thesis, INSA de Toulouse, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00949319.
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Depuis 1978, le système ARGOS assure à l'échelle mondiale la collecte de données et la localisation de plateformes pour des applications liées au suivi d'animaux, à l'océanographie et à la sécurité maritime. La localisation exploite le décalage Doppler affectant la fréquence de porteuse des messages émis par les plateformes et réceptionnés par des satellites dédiés. Au cours des vingt dernières années, les puissances d'émission des plateformes se sont réduites pour des conditions d'utilisation toujours plus extrêmes, augmentant le nombre de localisations de moindre qualité. Paradoxalement, les utilisateurs ont cherché à identifier des comportements à des échelles de plus en plus petites. L'objectif de ce projet est de développer un algorithme de localisation plus performant dans le contexte actuel afin de remplacer le traitement temps réel historique basé sur un ajustement par moindres carrés. Un service hors ligne, permettant de déterminer des localisations encore plus précises, est proposé dans un second temps. Le problème est reformulé comme l'estimation de l'état d'un système dynamique stochastique, tenant compte d'un ensemble de modèles de déplacement admissibles pour les plateformes. La détermination exacte de la loi a posteriori de l'état présente alors une complexité exponentiellement croissante avec le temps. Le filtre "Interacting Multiple Model" (IMM) est devenu l'outil standard pour approximer en temps réel la loi a posteriori avec un coût de calcul constant. Pour des applications hors ligne, de nombreuses solutions sous-optimales de lissage multi-modèle ont aussi été proposées. La première contribution méthodologique de ce travail présente l'extension du cadre initial de l'IMM à un ensemble de modèles hétérogènes, c.-à-d. dont les vecteurs d'état sont de tailles et de sémantiques différentes. En outre, nous proposons une nouvelle méthode pour le lissage multi-modèle qui offre une complexité réduite et de meilleures performances que les solutions existantes. L'algorithme de localisation ARGOS a été réécrit en y incorporant le filtre IMM en tant que traitement temps réel et le lisseur multi-modèle comme service hors ligne. Une étude, menée sur un panel de 200 plateformes munies d'un récepteur GPS utilisé comme vérité terrain, montre que ces stratégies améliorent significativement la précision de localisation quand peu de messages sont reçus. En outre, elles délivrent en moyenne 30% de localisations supplémentaires et permettent de caractériser systématiquement l'erreur de positionnement.
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Jonsson, Lars. "Söktjänster för akademiskt bruk : En utvärdering av Google och Argos med frågor från en akademisk ämnesdisciplin." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Institutionen Biblioteks- och informationsvetenskap / Bibliotekshögskolan, 2002. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-20642.
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The purpose of this MSc thesis is to examine the retrieval effectiveness of two Web search engines with queries from the academic discipline of Classical Studies. The two search engines are chosen to represent two different types Google as a broad general search engine and Argos as a specialised search engine for the subject of Classical Studies. The search engines are compared for precision among the first twenty results returned for thirty queries. In order to avoid bias in the study, the queries are based on real users' information needs. Due to the subjective character of the concept of relevance, the study is performed with five different experiments with five different definitions of relevance. The formula for calculating the metrics measures precision with weights for ranking effectiveness. Wilcoxon's signed rank test is used to control if there are any significant differences between the results. Analysis shows that Google is the top service of the two, since it performs better than Argos in all of the five experiments. The signed rank test also shows that there are significant differences between all of the results. One possible reason for Argos' lower results is the many duplicate links that it returned. Other explanations discussed are Argos' limited number of search facilities in comparison with Google, and that the ranking algorithm Argos uses is not advanced enough for Information Retrieval in this context. Lars Jonsson vann Collijnpriset 2003 med ovanstående uppsats.Uppsatsnivå: D
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Romero, Cerna José Salvador. "Transparencia en mercados imperfectos: el financiamiento de empresas vinculadas en la mesa de negociación – el caso Argos." Master's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2011. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/12176.
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El documento digital no refiere asesorDetermina las variables que explican el nivel de transparencia en las operaciones con letras doble contado plazo (operaciones de venta con compromiso de recompra, conocido como operación con pacto de recompra) negociadas en la Mesa de Negociación de la Bolsa de Valores de Lima (BVL) durante el período 1997-1998, mediante las cuales las empresas vinculadas a un mismo grupo económico obtienen financiamiento. El trabajo se sustenta en la Teoría de la agencia, en particular de la asimetría de la información bajo la modalidad de riesgo moral (Moral Hazard) expresada en los conflictos de intereses entre el regulador (supervisor) y los regulados (supervisados), y en la lógica de los grupos económicos en mercados imperfectos. Los resultados del modelo econométrico encuentran consistencia a favor de la opinión que el nivel de transparencia en las operaciones doble contado plazo negociadas a través de la Mesa de Negociación está directamente relacionado con los rendimientos obtenidos por los emisores de los títulos negociados, dejando de lado el análisis de liquidez y apalancamiento debido a la poca cultura financiera del inversionista promedio y a que asumen que estas operaciones están respaldadas por la Comisión Nacional Supervisora de Empresas y Valores (CONASEV), organismo público descentralizado del Ministerio de Economía y Finanzas (MEF). Esto se explica porque en mercados imperfectos como el nuestro, la atención de los inversionistas en este tipo de operaciones se centra en las rentabilidades obtenidas y a que son reguladas y supervisadas, es decir, de alguna forma asumen que están garantizadas por CONASEV, cuando en realidad no es así. En la parte final del trabajo se proponen acciones de política que contribuyan a aumentar el nivel de transparencia y a disminuir los casos de conflictos de intereses.
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Chang, Loo Jessica Carolina, Huamanchumo Javier Quintanilla, Aurich Eduardo Carlos Watson, Cámac Andrés Abel Zacarías, and Acosta Silvia Cangahuala. "Análisis financiero comparativo de la industria cementera en Colombia y Perú: el caso de Argos y Unacem." Master's thesis, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2017. http://tesis.pucp.edu.pe/repositorio/handle/123456789/9071.
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xiv, 154 h. : il. ; 30 cm.El cemento, polvo de color gris y textura fina que al ser mezclado con otros elementos resulta en uno de los materiales más fuertes y resistentes existentes, es un elemento clave en la industria de la construcción. Se encuentra presente en un sinnúmero de aplicaciones y usos cotidianos que acompañan el crecimiento y desarrollo de las sociedades modernas. De acuerdo a las últimas proyecciones disponibles, se espera un escenario favorable para la industria cementera global en los próximos años, con una tasa de crecimiento anual media estable de más de 9% para 2020, sustentada, entre otras razones, por la mayor demanda de proyectos residenciales, producto del incremento del poder de compra en los mercados emergentes. Con relación a los mercados de Perú y Colombia, se encuentran características muy similares. Por un lado, las perspectivas de la industria en ambos países son también positivas, impulsadas por los grandes proyectos de inversión estatales anunciados y en ejecución, a pesar de algunos casos de denuncias por corrupción asociadas a una firma constructora brasileña. Por otro lado, ambos presentan una situación de mercado oligopólico, con barreras a la entrada y altas inversiones iniciales. Respecto de las empresas elegidas, ambas son líderes en sus respectivos mercados. De esta manera, el presente estudio se divide en cuatro capítulos. En el Capítulo I, se muestra un análisis de la industria cementera a nivel global y en los países de Perú y Colombia, conjuntamente con las principales tendencias del sector. En el Capítulo II, se desarrolla el análisis financiero de Argos y UNACEM, incluyendo una sección de análisis comparativo de la estructura óptima de capital y riesgos, y otra sección que muestra el análisis del capital de trabajo. El Capítulo III está enfocado en el análisis de valor de las empresas, que incluye la descripción de los inputs de valor, la valorización y los ejercicios de sensibilidad mediante escenarios probabilísticos. Asimismo, se incluye una serie de propuestas de reestructuración empresarial, asociadas al crecimiento orgánico e inorgánico, y a la compra de activos y pasivos. Finalmente, el Capítulo IV muestra los principales hallazgos del presente estudio, y se divide en una sección de conclusiones y otra de recomendaciones.
Cement, gray powder and fine texture that when mixed with other elements results in one of the strongest and resistant materials available worldwide, is a key element in the construction industry. Present in a myriad of applications and everyday uses, it accompanies the development of modern societies. According to latest forecastings, it is expected a favorable scenario to the global cement industry for the coming years, with a stable average annual growth rate of more than 9% by 2020, supported, among other reasons, by the increased demand for residential projects, as a result of major purchasing power in emerging markets. In relation to Peru and Colombia, very similar characteristics were founded. First, the prospects of the industry in both countries are positive, driven by the commitment of large state investment projects, despite some cases of corruption allegations associated with a Brazilian firm. On the other hand, both countries present oligopolistic market structure, with high entry barriers and initial investments. Also, the companies selected for analysis in this study, are leaders in their markets. The study is divided into four chapters. Chapter 1 presents an analysis of the global cement industry, including Peru and Colombia, along with the main sector trends. Chapter 2, presents the financial analysis of Argos and UNACEM, including a comparative analysis section about optimal capital and risk structure, and another about working capital analysis. Chapter 3 focuses on business value analysis, which includes the description of input values, valuation, and sensitivity exercises with probabilistic scenarios. It also includes business restructuring proposals, associated with organic and inorganic growth, and assets and liabilities purchases. Finally, Chapter 4 shows the main findings of the study, with a section of conclusions and another section of recommendations
Tesis
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Orban, de Xivry Gilles. "The ARGOS wavefront sensor detector and computer and the black hole growth of narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxies." Diss., Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 2014. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-170175.
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Weber-Pallez, Clémence. "Représentations et réalités spatiales de la péninsule argolique aux époques archaïque et classique : de l'espace des cités à celui de l'Argolide." Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSEN048.
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Cette thèse s’inscrit dans une démarche de géographie historique et d’histoire des représentations de l’espace dans l’Antiquité. Elle vise avant tout à essayer de combler une lacune de l’historiographie contemporaine, à savoir celle d’une définition spatiale de ce que recouvre le terme d’Argolide et des réalités auxquelles il renvoie aux époques archaïque et classique. Cette région, située au nord-est du Péloponnèse, n’apparaît proprement sous le nom d'Argolide, dans les textes littéraires, qu’à l’époque romaine. Une unité territoriale préexistait-elle aux périodes plus anciennes ? L’Argolide est-elle un territoire ou une région aux époques archaïque et classique ou n’est-elle qu’une construction historiographique des Anciens et des Modernes ? En partant de l’analyse des territorialités qui se sont exprimées à ces époques dans la péninsule argolique, nous nous interrogeons sur les représentations spatiales qui touchaient cet espace, pour comprendre s’il formait alors chez les Anciens une unité géographique. La péninsule argolique est parcourue de nombreuses identités, qui forment autant de territoires à des échelles variées (celles de la kômè, de la cité ou encore du territoire ethnique), sans pour autant avoir une identité propre et affirmée qui ferait d’elle un territoire. L’Argolide est le résultat d’une intervention active d’Argos dans le domaine des représentations : elle correspond non seulement au lot de Téménos, qui constitua le mythe argien territorial par excellence, mais aussi à l’association des domaines sur lesquels règnent Agamemnon et Diomède dans le Catalogue des Vaisseaux. L’Argolide regroupe donc symboliquement l’ensemble du nord-est du Péloponnèse. Entité mythologique dans l’imaginaire argien qui se diffusa dans l’ensemble de la Grèce archaïque et classique, l’Argolide est également une réalité tangible, puisqu’elle forme une véritable région aux époques archaïque et classique, c'est-à-dire un cadre propice aux interactions économiques, cultuelles ou culturellesThis thesis follows the methodology of historical geography and of the history of spatial representations in Ancient Greece. Its main goal is to fill the gap in contemporary historiography, regarding the spatial definition covered by the term of Argolid and the realities to which it refers in the archaic and classical periods. The Argolid, located in the north-east of the Peloponnese, only appears as a region in literature during the Roman period. Did a territorial unit exist in earlier periods? Is the Argolid a territory or a region in the archaic and classical periods or is it just a histographical construct by the Ancients and Moderns?Starting from the analysis of expressed territorialities at these times in the Argolic peninsula, we study the spatial representations related to this space, in order to understand whether it formed a geographical unit for the Greeks back then. In the Argolic peninsula, many identities coexisted, which formed as many territories at different scales (those of kome, of the city or of the ethnic territory). Nevertheless, the peninsula did not have a clear and strong identity that would have made it a territory.The Argolid is the result of active interventions of Argos in the field of representations: it is linked not only to the lot of Temenos, which constituted the famous territorial Argive myth, but also to the association of the areas under the rule of Agamemnon and Diomedes in the Catalogue of Ships. The Argolid hence symbolically includes all the cities of the northeastern Peloponnese. Originally a mythological entity in Argives’ minds, which was later diffused throughout the archaic and classical Greece, the Argolid is also a concrete reality, since it forms a real region in Archaic and Classical periods, that is to say, a favorable environment to economic, worship or cultural interactions
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Pinaud, David. "Relations entre les variations spatio-temporelles de l'environnement et les processus d'acquisition et d'allocation des ressources chez les procellariiformes." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005STR13043.
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Cette thèse s'attache à expliquer les relations entre les variations de l'environnement et les populations de Procellariiformes (albatros et pétrels) du sud de l'Océan Indien, en étudiant leurs stratégies d'exploitations et d'allocation des ressources. Dans ce système, la recherche alimentaire est fortement contrainte par deux facteurs : le milieu présente une distribution des ressources avec une structure très hétérogène et morcelée (en "patch") et les oiseaux doivent faire durant la reproduction des allers-retours entre les zones d'alimentation et les sites de nidification sur parfois plusieurs milliers de kilomètres. Les albatros ajustent leurs déplacements à ces deux contraintes en concentrant leur effort de recherche sur les zones où les ressources semblent prévisibles à méso-échelle (c. 100km), après un déplacement rapide où l'effort est faible. Cet ajustement est dépendant de l'échelle de structure du milieu (taille des patches) et implique une connaissance des zones prévisibles à fortes densités de proies. Face aux importantes variations inter-annuelles dans la distribution et l'abondance des ressources, ils présentent une flexibilité dans leurs ajustements de recherche, mais au dépend de la reproduction en cours. Le rôle régulateur est rempli par les réserves énergétiques, qui modulent l'impact des variations de ressources sur la survie des adultes au détriment de la reproduction engagée, préservant ainsi leur forte valeur reproductive résiduelle. Les variations de la distribution des ressources exploitées et leur prévisibilité (notamment à méso-échelle), ainsi que la capacité à tamponner ces variations, par un faible coût énergétique de recherche et par une disposition au jeûne prolongé, sont déterminantes pour expliquer les variations du succès reproducteur et les stratégies démographiques observées chez ces espècesThis study concerns the relationships between environmental variability and populations of Procellariiforms in the south Indian Ocean, through their foraging ecology and allocation processes. Two major constraints affect the observed strategies: the patchy, heterogeneous resource distribution and the central-place constraint. All of six species of albatrosses and one of large petrel species adjust their foraging movements to the environment structure, by presenting an Area-Restricted Search (ARS) behaviour accordingly to patch scale sizes. The occurrence and the magnitude of this behaviour influence the foraging efficiency, probably in relation to resource density on patch. Facing to high inter-annual variability in resource abundance and distribution, albatrosses are able to adapt their foraging behaviour, but this flexibility can lead to breeding failure or low chick growth. Allocation decisions are mediated by body condition under the influence of the foraging efficiency, allowing to preserve adult survival and their high residual reproductive value when low resource conditions are occurring. Predictability in distribution and abundance of the resource exploited, but also foraging energetic costs and fasting capabilities, seem to be important to explain the variations observed in breeding success and ultimately demographic strategies of these Procellariiforms
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Costa, J?nior Carlos Antonio Mendes da. "Especifica??es e concep??es de front-end UHF integrado e multipadr?o em tecnologia CMOS 130nm." Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2014. http://repositorio.ufrn.br/handle/123456789/19680.
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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico - CNPq
O Sistema Brasileiro de Coleta de Dados Ambientais (SBCDA) ? respons?vel pela coleta e transmiss?o de dados meteorol?gicos e ambientais, utilizados por dezenas de institui??es e organiza??es nacionais. O segmento espacial do sistema, composto pelos sat?lites de coleta de dados, ? uma pe?a fundamental para seu funcionamento. Para garantir a continuidade e qualidade desses servi?os, esfor?os s?o voltados para o desenvolvimento de alternativas para a constru??o de novos sat?lites. Visando reduzir o tamanho do atual transponder brasileiro, ? proposto neste trabalho a integra??o de uma interface de r?dio frequ?ncia (do ingl?s FrontEnd) a ser embarcado nos receptores da pr?xima gera??o dos sat?lites SBCDA. O circuito ? concebido respeitando os requisistos do padr?o de coleta de dados internacional, ARGOS, e do SBCDA. Este trabalho foca, portanto, na integra??o de um amplificador de baixo ru?do e dois misturadores na faixa UHF em tecnologia CMOS padr?o. As especifica??es de projeto s?o primeiramente descritas e ent?o as topologias dos circuitos s?o escolhidas. A concep??o dos circuitos ? analisada e os seus par?metros de projeto s?o derivados. Finalmente, seu layout ? concebido e os resultados finais s?o divulgados. O chip ser? fabricado utilizando a tecnologia CMOS padr?o de 130 nm da STmicroelectronics.
The Brazilian Environmental Data Collecting System (SBCDA) collects and broadcasts meteorological and environmental data, to be handled by dozens of institutions and organizations. The system space segment, composed by the data collecting satellites, plays an important role for the system operation. To ensure the continuity and quality of these services, efforts are being made to the development of new satellite architectures. Aiming a reduction of size and power consumption, the design of an integrated circuit containing a receiver front-end is proposed, to be embedded in the next SBCDA satellite generations. The circuit will also operate under the requirements of the international data collecting standard ARGOS. This work focuses on the design of an UHF low noise amplifier and mixers in a CMOS standard technology. The specifi- cations are firstly described and the circuit topologies presented. Then the circuit conception is discussed and the design variables derived. Finally, the layout is designed and the final results are commented. The chip will be fabricated in a 130 nm technology from ST Microelectronics.
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Bourke, Timothy Peter Computer Science & Engineering Faculty of Engineering UNSW. "Modelling and programming embedded controllers with timed automata and synchronous languages." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. Computer Science & Engineering, 2009. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/44746.
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Embedded controllers coordinate the behaviours of specialised hardware components to satisfy broader application requirements. They are difficult to model and to program. One of the greatest challenges is to express intricate timing behaviours???which arise from the physical characteristics of components???while not precluding efficient implementations on resource-constrained platforms. Aspects of this challenge are addressed by this thesis through four distinct applications of timed automata and the synchronous languages Argos and Esterel. A novel framework for simulating controllers written in an imperative synchronous language is described. It includes a transformation of synchronous models into timed automata that accounts for timing properties which are important in constrained implementations but ignored by the usual assumption of synchrony. The transformation provides an interface between the discrete time of synchronous programs and a continuous model of time. This interface is extended to provide a way for simulating Argos programs within the widely-used Simulink software. Timed automata are well-suited for semantic descriptions, like the aforementioned transformation, and for modelling abstract algorithms and protocols. This thesis also includes a different type of case study. The timing diagram of a small-scale embedded component is modelled in more detail than usual with the aim of studying timing properties in this type of system. Multiple models are constructed, including one of an assembly language controller. Their interrelations are verified in Uppaal using a construction for timed trace inclusion testing. Existing constructions for testing timed trace inclusion do not directly address recent features of the Uppaal modelling language. Novel solutions for the problems presented by selection bindings, quantifiers, and channel arrays in Uppaal are presented in this thesis. The first known implementation of a tool for automatically generating a timed trace inclusion construction is described. The timed automata case study demonstrates one way of implementing application timing behaviours while respecting implementation constraints. A more challenging, but less detailed, example is proposed to evaluate the adequacy of Esterel for such tasks. Since none of the standard techniques are completely adequate, a novel alternative for expressing delays in physical time is proposed. Programs in standard Esterel are recovered through syntactic transformations that account for platform constraints.
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Bonarrigo, Manuel. "Analisi dell'applicazione di empowerment a robot sottoposti ad adattamento in ambiente dinamico." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2022. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/25362/.
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Nello sviluppare un sistema intelligente robotico, uno sforzo notevole risiede nel modellare delle funzioni obiettivo che guidino l'automa nel valutare la bontà del proprio operato: più è specifico il task, tanto più è specifica la formulazione della funzione obiettivo. Qualsiasi perturbazione del dominio, da un cambiamento di obiettivo ad una modifica dell'ambiente di esecuzione porta alla obbligatoria riscrittura delle funzioni obiettivo. Sfruttando il concetto di empowerment, una funzione modellata sulla capacità di controllo che il robot ha dell'ambiente utilizzando i propri attuatori, il lavoro di tesi analizza le prestazioni ottenute da un robot che utilizza reti booleane a regime criticale come struttura di controllo, simulato tramite ARGoS e sottoposto ad adattamento online utilizzando una commistione del concetto di empowerment e funzione obiettivo mirata al particolare task, nel momento in cui un fenomeno non conosciuto né dal robot né dal designer sposta l'equilibrio dell'ambiente in una condizione che non ci si aspettava di dover affrontare. L'idea è che appoggiandosi su una funzione che si basa sulle sole percezioni del robot possa aiutare a scollegare il funzionamento del robot dalle imposizioni del designer, rendendo di fatto l'automa libero di intraprendere le azioni che secondo la sua stessa percezione gli appaiono migliori. Tali ipotesi vengono verificate attraverso due esperimenti di navigazione e un esperimento di ricerca, in ognuno dei quali, dopo un periodo di adattamento iniziale, l'ambiente viene modificato per sottoporre l'automa a condizioni inaspettate e tendenzialmente più complicate.
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Papadimitriou, Nikolas. "Built Chamber Tombs of Middle and Late Bronze Age date in Mainland Greece and the islands : with special refernce to the site of Argos." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.509331.
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Jolivet, Romain. "Performance dans la formule sanguine de l'automate multiparamétrique ARGOS 5 DIFF et intérêt de son utilisation dans le suivi de la L. L. C." Paris 5, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA05P126.
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Orban, de Xivry Gilles [Verfasser], and Reinhard [Akademischer Betreuer] Genzel. "The ARGOS wavefront sensor detector and computer and the black hole growth of narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxies / Gilles Orban de Xivry. Betreuer: Reinhard Genzel." München : Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1052015468/34.
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Rizzato, Lorenzo. "Valutazione sperimentale dell'adattamento tramite empowerment in robot controllati da reti booleane." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2022. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/25374/.
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In questa tesi si esplora la possibilità di usare la funzione di empowerment come funzione obiettivo per l'adattamento di robot controllati da reti booleane critiche. L'empowerment viene definito come una misura di merito locale e universale, valida per qualunque tipologia di agente e di task, basata sul co-adattamento di sensori e attuatori. Il controllo del robot avviene grazie a una mappatura dei suoi sensori e attuatori sui nodi della rete booleana. Si è usato un meccanismo di adattamento online, nel quale la configurazione interna di ogni rete resta invariata durante l'esecuzione, mentre vengono variate le connessioni fra sensori e attuatori del robot e i nodi interni della rete. Sono state eseguite tramite un simulatore tre tipologie di task: fototassi assistita, obstacle avoidance e path following. Sono stati raccolti e analizzati i valori della funzione obiettivo raggiunti durante l'adattamento tramite una funzione obiettivo specifica e tramite empowerment. Questi risultati sono stati poi confrontati per indagare se l'utilizzo dell'empowerment possa portare al raggiungimento di prestazioni migliori, sia usato per tutta la durata dell'adattamento, sia in una fase preliminare all'adattamento tramite funzione obiettivo specifica.
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Berthet, Frédérique. "Anatole Dauman, un producteur dans le cinéma français (1950-1998) : contribution à̧ une histoire économique du culturel." Paris 3, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA030159.
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Le producteur Anatole Dauman (1925-1998) est usuellement convoqué dans l'écriture de l'histoire de la Nouvelle vague (1959-1962) pour la caractériser économiquement. Une première partie consacrée à Argos Films (1950-1998), la société à laquelle son nom est attaché, permet de s'affranchir de cette référence coutumière. L'entreprise est envisagée de façon impersonnelle, par les cadres qui la structurent. Le catalogue des films fournit des éléments de diachronie sur les rythmes d'activité. Il apparâit alors qu'Argos peut être considérée comme la première assise de l'indépendance d'A. Dauman. La seconde partie examine ce qui noue l'histoire du producteur et la Nouvelle Vague, à partir de l'exemple d'Hiroshima mon amour : le producteur participe d'un vaste mouvement de modifications culturelles et institutionnelles du cinéma, il aide à interroger une problématique nodale de l'histoire économique, et se singularise en instaurant un dialogue critique avec les représentants de l'Etat. .The producer Anatole Dauman (1925-1998) is an usual reference in the economic characterisation of the Nouvelle Vague (1950-1962) history. The first part dedicated to Argos Films (1950-1998), the company which his name is associated with, frees itself from this common reference. The company is viewed impersonally, through the components of its structure. The film catalog provides diachronic elements on the activity rhythms. Thus, it appears that Argos may be considered as the first basis of Anatole Dauman's independence. The second part examines the link between the producer's history and the Nouvelle Vague, from the example of Hiroshima mon amour : he is part of a broad movement of cultural and institutional changes of the film industry, he questions fundamental issues of economic history and distinguishes himself by establishing a critical dialog with public officials. .
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Aupert, Pierre. "Etudes d'architecture et d'histoire grecques à l'époque impériale : la ville d’Argos aux Ier et IIe siècles." Paris 10, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA100084.
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Les constructions argiennes des deux premiers siècles de n. E. Constituent un panorama presque complet des types de bâtiments des centres urbains impériaux : tombe, nymphée, thermes, aqueducs, temple, odéon et théâtre. Les édifices non dates par des données de fouille peuvent l'être grâce à un système fonde sur les caractéristiques de leur appareil en briques, extensible à l'ensemble de la Grèce. Il est ainsi possible de suivre l'histoire de chaque édifice, ainsi que celle du développement urbain, en relation avec la politique et le contexte socio-culturel. L'identification d'un vaste temple a cour fermée comme serapieion ensuite transforme en asclepieion avec bain thérapeutique, éclaire l'histoire de ce type de bâtiment et l'histoire religieuse d'un jour nouveau. Chaque monument se trouve par ailleurs marque par des innovations architecturales parfois révolutionnaires (voute par tranches, toiture en fermes maçonnées, voute mixte, péristyle d'arcades, nymphée a baldaquin, tholos diptère, opus incertum mixte) et des combinaisons inédites de formes connues (colonnes sur parapet, devant un nymphée ou des bassins de thermes, epicranitis interne sur consoles, arc syrien. . . ) Dans un esprit de baroque mesure, qui témoignent de l'originalité architecturale profonde et inattendue de la province grecqueThe Argive constructions of the first two centuries of our era show an almost complete panorama of the different types of buildings of imperial urban centers: tombs, nymphaeums, baths, aqueducts, temple, Odeon and theatre. Buildings which are undated by excavation data, can be due to a system based on the characteristics of the bricklaying, which applies to the whole of Greece. It is therefore possible to follow the history of each building as well as that of urban development, in relation to the political and socio-cultural context. The authentication of a large temple with an inner court, such as serapieion then transformed into asclepieion with therapeutic bath, throws new light on this type of building as well as on the religious history. Each monument is also marked by architectural innovation, sometimes revolutionary (pitched vault roof with adobe truss, mixed vault, peristyle of arcades, nymphaeum with baldachino, dipteral tholos, mixed opus incertum) and by new combinations of know shapes (columns on parapet, in front of a nymphaeum or thermal bath, internal epicranitis on consoles, Syrian arch. . . ), the whole in a restrained baroque style attesting to the real and unexpected architectural originality of the Greek province
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Touchais, Gilles. "Aux marges du monde mycénien : recherches sur les origines et la diffusion de la civilisation helladique." Paris 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA010601.
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Ce doctorat d'état sur travaux constitue la synthèse des recherches menées par l'auteur sur des périodes et dans des régions situées aux marges de la civilisation mycénienne. Il s'organise selon trois axes principaux : 1) le développement culturel de la Grèce continentale au bronze moyen et le problème des origines de la civilisation mycénienne; 2) Le poids de l'héritage néolithique dans la genèse et le développement de la civilisation helladique; 3) Les rapports entre le monde helladique et ses marges nord-ouest. Le premier axe offre l'occasion, d'une part, de mettre à jour le tableau d'ensemble de l'helladique moyen dresse par l'auteur il y a quelques années dans un ouvrage collectif (les civilisations égéennes du néolithique et de l’Age du bronze, p. U. F. ); d'autre part, de présenter la documentation encore inédite fournie par la fouille, récemment achevée, de l'habitat mésohelladique de l'aspis d'Argos. Le deuxième axe s'articule autour de cinq aspects du néolithique de la Grèce déjà abordés par l'auteur dans ses précédents travaux, mais qui sont replacés ici dans la perspective de la recherche actuelle : l'occupation des grottes, la nature et la fonction des figurines anthropomorphes, la variabilité des céramiques, la question des échanges et la définition du néolithique final. Le troisième axe de recherche, ancre dans la fouille que l'auteur dirige depuis quatre ans sur le site de Sovjan (Albanie), tourne autour du rôle qu'ont pu jouer, dans le développement de la civilisation helladique, les régions situées sur ses confins nord-ouest (Epire, Albanie, Macédoine occidentale). La question, qui n'a pas encore été traitée de façon systématique, est envisagée à travers l'étude de trois catégories de documents susceptibles de fournir des preuves de contacts entre la Grèce et ces régions au cours de l’âge du bronze : les tumuli au bronze ancien; la céramique à peinture mate au bronze moyen et récent; les armes et la céramique mycénienne au bronze récentThis study is the synthesis of the researches carried out by the author into periods and areas situated on the fringe of mycenaean civilisation. It is organised around three main issues : 1) Cultural development of mainland Greece in the middle bronze age and the problem of the origins of mycenaean civilisation; 2) The importance of the neolithic heritage in the emergence and development of helladic civilisation; 3) The relationships between the helladic world and its north-west border areas. The first issue offers the opportunity, on the one hand, of putting up to date the comprehensive picture of middle helladic Greece drawn up by the author a few years ago in a collective work (the aegean civilisations of the neolithic and the bronze age, p. U. F. ); on the other hand, it allows to present the still unpublished documentation provided by the recently finished excavation of the middle helladic settlement on the aspis of argos. The second issue articulates around five aspects of Greek neolithic, already touched upon by the author in his previous work, but which are here put in the perspective of the current research : the occupation of caves, the nature and function of anthropomorphic figurines, the variability of ceramics, the problem of exchanges and the definition of final neolithic. The third issue, based on the excavation which the author has been in charge of for four years on the site of Sovjan (Albania), deals with the role played, in the development of helladic civilisation, by the areas situated on its north-west border (epirus, albania, western macedonia). This question, which has not yet been dealt with in a systematic way, is considered through the study of three categories of documents likely to provide evidence of contacts between greece and these areas throughout the bronze age : tumuli in the early bronze age; matt-painted ware in the middle and late bronze age; mycenaean ware and weapons in the late bronze age
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Fleissig, Katrin [Verfasser], Otto W. [Gutachter] Witte, Jens [Gutachter] Haueisen, and Thomas [Gutachter] Weiss. "Validierung der funktionellen Repräsentation des Nervus medianus im primären somatosensorischen Kortex SI am ARGOS 200 Vektor-MKG im Vergleich mit dem fMRT / Katrin Fleissig ; Gutachter: Otto W. Witte, Jens Haueisen, Thomas Weiss." Jena : Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, 2010. http://d-nb.info/1177668033/34.
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Fraissard, camille. "Experimental release of hand-reared wolf pups in Tver region (Russia): food habits, movement patterns and fear of humans." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Zoologi, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-68743.
Full textAbstract:
Studying the reintroduction of hand-raised wolves may embrace several interests such as deepening knowledge on wolf biology and allowing a controlled release in isolated populations in need of genetic influx. Studies on hand-raised wild animals, showing successful reintroduction, suggested that young released wolves might be able to survive in the wild without previous fastidious training. Most of their survival behaviours would be instinctive. In this study, nine young wolves were reintroduced in Tver region (Russia) and followed in order to evaluate their fear of humans, their movement patterns, thanks to GPS-Argos collars fitted to three of the animals, and assess their diet via four methods of scats analysis. We analyzed 46 wolf scats collected from August 2010 to January 2011. We determined the frequency of occurrences of items per scats and per items, and used the Relative Estimated Bulk to estimate the biomass of prey species consumed. Statistics were conducted to test for significance of method comparisons. The results showed that half of the wolves remained near the enclosure weeks to months after release, occasionally leaving the vicinity. The individual wolves behaved differently, they adopted various movement patterns and had diverse home ranges (from 15 km2 to 40 km2). Released wolves preyed more on ungulates, especially moose and on other wild mammals such as mountain hare. They also sporadically hunted domestic animals and regularly consumed vegetal matter along with smaller animals as alternative prey. Finally, all scat-analysis methods significantly assessed (p < 0.01) the relative importance of the main food types.
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Weirich, John R. "Improvements to Argon-Argon Dating of Extraterrestrial Materials." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/145293.
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The source of potassium and argon in ordinary chondrites is determined by comparing the argon activation energies of feldspar, pyroxene, and olivine with that of the L chondrites Chico and North West Africa (NWA) 091. In addition, shock pressures of 29 to 55.8 GPa are shown to lower the activation energy of feldspar. Comparable shock pressures lowers the activation energy of pyroxene outside of error, but the variability of this value, even among unshocked samples, makes a clear distinction difficult. The effect of shock on olivine has not been investigated, by myself or others. Like many ordinary chondrites, Chico and NWA 091 have two major releases of argon, one at low temperature, and the other at high temperature. The low temperature release of Chico contains two releases, which match the activation energies of shocked and unshocked feldspar. The low temperature release of NWA 091 only contains a single release, which matches shocked feldspar. The high temperature release of both Chico and NWA 091 has an activation energy that is similar to pyroxene, but not olivine. A potassium mass balance of Chico shows that all the potassium in the meteorite is contained in feldspar, and Raman spectroscopy shows this feldspar has not been converted into a high pressure phase, indicating the high temperature release is inclusions in a high temperature mineral. This mineral is probably pyroxene based upon the activation energy, though thin sections provide evidence that feldspar is more closely associated with olivine. NWA 091 exhibits multiple isochrons, showing the presence of two nonprimordial and (probably) non-terrestrial trapped components of argon. The removal of these trapped components reveals a thermal event produced by a collisional impact on the L chondrite parent body at 475 ± 6 Ma (which supports a link between L chondrites and Ordovician fossil meteorites), as well as a similar event at ~800 Ma (which, combined with similar ages on other Solar System objects, suggests an increased impact flux at that time). Chico did not exhibit an isochron, and the age data for Chico is not reported.
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Harwardt, Heike. "Behandlung von PP- und PET-Substraten im Argon- und Methan/Argon-Plasma." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2006. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=983031045.
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Granser, Theodor. "Aspekte des rumanischen Argot." Online version, 1991. http://dds.crl.edu/CRLdelivery.asp?tid=13139.
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Edmunds, P. D. "Trapping ultracold argon atoms." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2015. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1462806/.
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This thesis describes the dipole trapping of both metastable and ground state argon atoms. Metastable argon atoms are first Doppler-cooled down to ∼80 μK in a magneto- optical trap (MOT) on the 4s[3/2]2 to 4p[5/2]3 transitions. These were loaded into dipole traps formed both within the focus of a high-power CO2 laser beam and within an optical build-up cavity. The optical cavity’s well depth could be rapidly modulated: allowing efficient loading of the trap, characterisation of trapped atom temperature, and reduction of intensity noise. Collisional properties of the trapped metastable atoms were studied within the cavity and the Penning and associative losses from the trap calculated. Ground state noble gas atoms were also trapped for the first time. This was achieved by optically quenching metastable atoms to the ground state and then trapping the atoms in the cavity field. Although the ground state atoms could not be directly probed, we detected them by observing the additional collisional loss from co-trapped metastable argon atoms. This trap loss was used to determine an ultra-cold elastic cross section between the ground and metastable states. Using a type of parametric loss spectroscopy we also determined the polarisability of metastable argon at the trapping wavelength of 1064 nm.
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Grigonis, A., L. Marcinauskas, M. Carnauskas, and R. Kaliasas. "Graphite Nanostructures Produce in the Acetylene, Argon-Acetylene and Argon-Hydrogen-Acetylene Plasmas." Thesis, Sumy State University, 2012. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/35388.
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The amorphous carbon films were deposited on silicon-metal substrates by plasma jet chemical vapor
deposition (PJCVD) and plasma enchanted CVD (PECVD). PJCVD carbon coatings have been prepared at
atmospheric pressure in Ar/ C2H2 and Ar/H2/C2H2 mixtures. The films prepared in Ar/C2H2 plasma are attributed
to graphite-like carbon films. Addition of the hydrogen decreases growth rate and the surface
roughness of the coatings, but coatings have low fraction of oxygen (~5 at.%) The formation of the nanocrystalline
graphite was obtained in Ar/H2/C2H2 plasma. The carbon nanotubes were synthesed by PECVD
using Au/Cr catalyst particles at low (≤ 450 C; p = 40 Pa ) temperature in pure acetylene.
When you are citing the document, use the following link http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/35388
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Delaplace, Denis. "Apocope, argot et lexique : approche morphoénonciative des procédés de déformation." Lille 3, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998LIL30020.
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Velazquez, Maria Guadalupe Neira. "Argon plasma treatment of polymers." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.274978.
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Chetty, Dashavir. "Strong-field excitation of argon." Thesis, Griffith University, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/402734.
Full textAbstract:
The advancement in laser technology in the past few decades have enabled consistent generation of pulses in the femtosecond (fs, x10^-15 s) timescale. The strong electric fields produced by such pulses are comparable to those experienced by bound electrons within atoms and molecules, leading to highly non-linear interactions. One of the most probable such interaction is that of strong-field excitation where the target is left in an excited state. These excited states have been shown to influence other strong-field phenomena and exhibit unique properties that are useful for further applications such as, generation of coherent extreme-ultraviolet radiation, and lasercooling of noble gases. Therefore, a comprehensive understanding of the fundamental excitation process and how excitation rates are affected is necessary in order to tailor conditions for a desired outcome. So far, there have been only a few experimental studies on excitation yields due to the unique experimental arrangements required for observation of these states. In contrast, there have been more theoretical studies which have yet to be experimentally confirmed. The aforementioned experiments have been undertaken with laser pulses with a duration of 30 fs or more centred at a wavelength of 800 nm which contain many optical cycles. But, numerical calculations predict that excitation yields scale differently as the pulse duration reduces such that it contains only a few optical cycles. This has yet to be experimentally confirmed since there has not been any experimental studies on excitation yields from few-cycle pulses. Furthermore, the use of few-cycle pulses enables precise control over the electric field experienced by the atom which may influence the excitation process.
In this dissertation, we experimentally investigate excitation yields of argon interacting with multi- and few-cycle pulses centred at 800 nm and compare them to solutions of the time-dependent Schrodinger equation (TDSE). The first investigation explores the effect of changing the intensity spanning between 50-300 TW/cm2. By directly detecting excited states surviving the flight time to the particle detector, we show that excitation rates exhibit a step-wise increase within the intensity range which correspond to the absorption of 13 and 14 photons with linearly polarized multi-cycle pulses. These were predicted theoretically but were thought to be washed out due to volume-averaging inevitable in the experiment. Analysis of the numerical predictions reveal that these enhancements are mainly due to excitation into low-lying states, specifically the 5g and 6h states for 13- and 14-photon absorption, respectively. These increases are not observed with few-cycle pulses where the offset between the peak of the pulse envelope and the peak of the central electric field cycle, known as the carrier-envelope phase (CEP), was not locked. This is in excellent agreement with TDSE predictions. Population of low-lying states are largely preferred with few-cycle pulses and these enhancements are less pronounced, to the point where they do not persist after volume-averaging.
The second investigation explores excitation with elliptically polarized laser fields of varying ellipticities at select intensities with both multi- and few-cycle pulses. In all cases, excitation rates decrease quicker with increasing ellipticity than that of Ar+ but slower than predicted with the strong-field approximation as well as Ar2+. This indicates a different mechanism than the tunneling-plus-rescattering model proposed for the formation of Ar2+ through non-sequential double ionization. No anomalous peaks at non-zero ellipticity are observed in the experiment for 30 fs and 6 fs pulses at an intensity of 270 TW/cm2 and 200 TW/cm2, respectively, nor were they predicted by TDSE results. At a lower intensity, where previously published results from semi-classical modeling predict anomalous distributions, no obvious deviations from a normal distribution is observed. However, low statistics at this intensity limits any confident conclusions for a peak at very small, non-zero ellipticity values. Lastly, analysis of TDSE results reveals an anomalous distribution for excitation out of the pm= +-1 initial ground state orbitals. Further experiments are required for solid conclusions as well as good agreement between TDSE results and experiments.
The last investigation explores the role of the CEP of a few-cycle pulse. For the first time, we show that excitation rates are highly dependent on both the peak intensity and CEP of the pulse. At a single intensity, TDSE calculations predict up to a 55% variation in excitation rates. Furthermore, the CEP dependent trends can vary significantly with small changes in the intensity, leading to a significant variation in the optimum CEP for maximum excitation yields. In the experiment, volume averaging reduces the maximum observable variation in the CEP dependent yields to 7%. Furthermore, they are still highly dependent on the exact in situ peak intensity of the experimental pulse with many peak intensities resulting in a variation below 5%. This places tight restrictions on conditions which allow successful observation of the variation in yields with varying CEP. Despite the inability to precisely determine the in situ experimental intensity, the agreement with the numerical predictions is very good which serves to validate the theoretical predictions.
The results from these studies reveal that the population of excited states are dependent on the intensity, polarization, and, in the case of few-cycle pulses, the CEP. If the intensity can be precisely controlled, selective excitation to the 5g and 6h states can be achieved with up to a 60% likelihood with the use of multi-cycle pulses. This is reduced with volume-averaging but these states still remain the most populated states. Knowing this, excitation to the metastable state can be increased through direct stimulation via additional radiation. Further studies to determine the precise efficiency of the process is required in order to evaluate it as a suitable replacement for current metastable generation techniques.Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School of Environment and Sc
Science, Environment, Engineering and Technology
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