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Sáez-González, Jesús Miguel. "Waltz with Bashir (Ari Folman)." Vivat Academia, no. 103 (March 15, 2009): 105. http://dx.doi.org/10.15178/va.2009.103.105-107.
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Rampling, Jeremy. "Waltz with Bashir (2008; director/writer: Ari Folman)." British Journal of Psychiatry 207, no. 3 (September 2015): 220. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.bp.115.163022.
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Ari Folman's Waltz with Bashir is an animated documentary about the 1982 Lebanon War through the eyes of Israeli Defence Forces (IDF) veterans. The narrative, which follows Folman on a quest to uncover his lost memories of the War through interviews with his peers, plays out like psychotherapeutic intervention; Folman questions his own responsibilities, his hereditary scars and, ultimately, his guilt as he ‘unwillingly [takes on] the role of the Nazi’. While it would be disingenuous to call the film apolitical, it is not as political as one might expect from such evocative history. Rather, it is a treatise on memory and psychological survival through predominantly neurotic defence mechanisms.
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Capelatto, Igor Alexandre, and Carla Lyra. "A Poética Estética da Memória em Valsa com Bashir." Sessões do Imaginário 22, no. 38 (October 17, 2017): 174. http://dx.doi.org/10.15448/1980-3710.2017.2.29346.
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Este presente artigo tem como ponto de partida o filme Valsa com Bashir de Ari Folman para uma reflexão sobre a estética do documentário de animação como ferramenta de construção de história, política e memória. De acordo com o release oficial (DVD e BLURAY), o diretor Ari Folman, que participou como soldado da segunda guerra do Líbano em 1982, examina suas próprias culpas para abordar os problemas da reconstituição da memória dos episódios dramáticos que culminaram no massacre dos campos de Shabra e Shatila, em que teriam morrido 3.000 refugiados palestinos. Com o fato da imagem fotográfica das câmeras não ‘darem conta’ de representar a memória em si, Folman recorrerá ao desenho, segundo o autor, como estética capaz de acionar memórias que a fotografia não é capaz de alçar.
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Hecker, Judith. "Waltz with Bashir. (2008). Written and Directed by Ari Folman." Psychological Perspectives 56, no. 1 (January 2013): 125–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00332925.2013.758961.
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Carvalho, Maria Aparecida Oliveira. "2666, de Roberto Bolaño, e Valsa com Bashir, de Ari Folman: o que não é visível deve ser escrito? O que não é “escrevível” deve ser mostrado?" Aletria: Revista de Estudos de Literatura 24, no. 2 (August 30, 2014): 233–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.17851/2317-2096.24.2.233-242.
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Este ensaio apresenta uma leitura que aproxima de dois tipos de texto, um literário – 2666, de Roberto Bolaño – e um fílmico – Valsa com Bashir, de Ari Folman –, cujos temas centrais são a linguagem da violência e do delito. Ambos em regiões de intenso conflito: a fronteira do México com os Estados Unidos e a região do Oriente Médio.
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Carvalho, Maria Aparecida Oliveira. "2666, de Roberto Bolaño, e Valsa com Bashir, de Ari Folman: o que não é visível deve ser escrito? O que não é “escrevível” deve ser mostrado?" Aletria: Revista de Estudos de Literatura 24, no. 2 (August 30, 2014): 323. http://dx.doi.org/10.17851/2317-2096.24.2.323-242.
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Este ensaio apresenta uma leitura que aproxima de dois tipos de texto, um literário – 2666, de Roberto Bolaño – e um fílmico – Valsa com Bashir, de Ari Folman –, cujos temas centrais são a linguagem da violência e do delito. Ambos em regiões de intenso conflito: a fronteira do México com os Estados Unidos e a região do Oriente Médio.
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Lorenzo Hernández, María. "Animation in the Core of Dystopia: Ari Folman’s The Congress." Animation 14, no. 3 (November 2019): 222–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1746847719875072.
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Ari Folman’s The Congress (2013) borrows freely from Stanisław Lem’s dystopian view in his Sci-fi novel The Futurological Congress (1971) to propose the gradual dissolution of the human into an artificial form, which is animation. By moving the action of the novel from a hypothetical future to contemporary Hollywood, Ari Folman gives CGI animation the role of catalyst for changes not only in the production system, but for human thought and, therefore, for society. This way, the film ponders the changing role of performers at the time of their digitalization, as well as on the progressive dematerialization of the film industry, considering a dystopian future where simulation fatally displaces reality, which invites relating The Congress with Jean Baudrillard’s and Alan Cholodenko’s theses on how animating technologies have resulted in the culture of erasing. Moreover, this article highlights how Lem’s metaphor of the manipulation of information in the Soviet era is transformed in the second part of The Congress into a vision of cinema as a collective addiction, relating it to Alexander Dovzhenko’s and Edgar Morin’s speculative theories of total film – which come close to the potentialities of today’s Virtual Reality and Augmented Reality. In addition, although The Congress is a disturbing view of film industry and animating technologies, its vision of film is nostalgically retro as it vindicates an entire tradition of Golden Age animation that transformed the star system into cartoons, suggesting the fictionalization of their lives and establishing a postmodern continuum between animation and film.
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Woroch, Adrianna. "W świecie kolorowej (anty)utopii. O animowanych cyborgach w Kongresie Ariego Folmana." Images. The International Journal of European Film, Performing Arts and Audiovisual Communication 28, no. 37 (March 31, 2021): 141–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/i.2020.37.08.
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The article focuses on pointing out the functions of using animation technique and elements of the science fiction genre in Ari Folman’s The Congress from 2013. The film, which is loosely based on the short story The Futurological Congress by Stanisław Lem, balances on the edge of various genres, using the techniques of both live action film and computer animation. Folman proposes a glamorous, colorful vision of an (anti)utopian future, in which pharmacologically-modified cyborg-people participate in a collective hallucination, which is an alternative reality to the post-apocalyptic real world. The director makes several significant changes to the original, thanks to which he introduces a universal message and asks questions which seem far more relevant in the context of both contemporary culture and the environmental crisis that can no longer be ignored (although the issue of an impending natural disaster was also important in Lem’s works).
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Dieuzeide Santos Souza, Maria Ines. "A música no documentário: Um estudo sobre Valsa com Bashir." C-Legenda - Revista do Programa de Pós-graduação em Cinema e Audiovisual 1, no. 24 (July 18, 2011): 91. http://dx.doi.org/10.22409/c-legenda.v1i24.26206.
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Poucos ainda são os estudos em língua portuguesa sobre o papel da música nos filmes de não-ficção. A partir de alguns conceitos de Michel Chion e Anahid Kassabian, no campo do som, dialogando com os estudos de Bill Nichols no campo do documentário, a proposta deste trabalho é refletir sobre as formas e funções da música no discurso documental, especificamente nas experiências recentes de documentários animados, a partir da análise do filme Valsa com Bashir (Ari Folman, 2008). Assim, tentaremos compreender de que maneiras a música se coloca na construção deste tipo de narrativa, e com que elementos ela contribui para as possíveis especificidades do documentário de animação.
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Tomé-Alonso, Beatriz, and Lucía Ferreiro Prado. "Mapping Orientalist Discourses: Using Waltz with Bashir in the Classroom." International Studies Perspectives 21, no. 2 (August 13, 2019): 154–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/isp/ekz009.
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Abstract While fiction and non-fiction productions can be used as tools to observe, describe, and analyze the “world-out-there,” within these events-issues centered approaches post-positivists posit films themselves as “cultural artifacts” to be analyzed. This paper proposes a critical analysis of Waltz with Bashir (2008) to be conducted with students in the classroom. This acclaimed animated film by Israeli writer and director Ari Folman depicting the 1982 Lebanon War is a non-obvious but germane example of Said's “Orientalism.” After explaining post-structuralism and post-orientalist stances on subjectivity, power relations, and the political consequences of the narratives we create, we analyze the film by applying an orientalist grid to Waltz with Bashir and raising qualitative questions to foster the student's criticality. We conclude by examining student's reactions to the film and their understanding of “Orientalism.”
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Miguel, Alcebíades Diniz. "O fluxo imaginário da memória: a animação como arte de conjurar/construir o passado israelense." Arquivo Maaravi: Revista Digital de Estudos Judaicos da UFMG 4, no. 6 (March 30, 2010): 4–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.17851/1982-3053.4.6.4-12.
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A arte da animação apresenta, como base de constituição, a estilização radical do universo que lhe serve de referência. Essa estilização, contudo, não ocorre a partir de materiais desconectados da realidade referencial, a realidade referencial, como nas caricaturas, ainda está presente e sua deformação denuncia um processo ideologicamente formativo. A moderna animação, globalizada e democratizada graças ao progresso tecnológico, não está isenta desses aspectos ideológicos. A produzida em Israel, coroada pelos vários prêmios internacionais concedidos ao longa metragem de animação "Valsa com Bashir" (Vals im Bashir, 2008) de Ari Folman, reproduz o problema crucial da estilização na representação da catástrofe histórica agravado pelo complexo de culpa gera a necessidade de um realismo de denúncia ideológica que, em última instância, anula o valor simbólico da animação como arte estética, convertida em crônica parcial de uma realidade muito mais complexa.
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Zylberman, Lior. "Eje 3. Producciones cinematográficas contemporáneas: características y estrategias narrativas: Imágenes ausentes. Documental performativo, testigo y testimonio." Culturas, no. 11 (December 22, 2017): 141–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.14409/culturas.v0i11.7003.
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Numerosos son los autores que en las últimas décadas han pensado el lugar del cine como testigo, cómo éste ha trabajado para visualizar violaciones a derechos humanos, masacres y genocidios, al mismo tiempo que funciona como evidencia y promotor de conocimiento. Ejemplo paradigmático ha sido el archivo de imágenes alrededor del Holocausto, que desde 1945 hasta nuestros días no ha cesado de emplearse, de auscultarlo y estudiarlo. Ahora bien, ¿qué sucede cuando el cine documental, el cine de lo real, desea aproximarse a hechos como estos y cuenta con escasa o nula cantidad de imágenes para construir su relato? ¿A qué estrategias puede recurrir? La crisis de archivo lejos está de impedir la realización de obras sino que ha posibilitado y expandido las posibilidades creativas del cine documental a partir de estrategias que algunos autores han pensado bajo la idea de documental performativo. En esa dirección, nos proponemos analizar los filmes Vals con Bashir (Ari Folman, 2008) y The Missing Picture (Rithy Panh, 2013) con el objetivo de estudiar sus estrategias de representación, lo que nos permitirá poner en tensión la relación entre cine, testimonio y testigo.
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Majcher, Agnieszka. "Does the quality of interlingual translation influence the quality of the intersemiotic translation? On the English language film adaptations of S. Lem's The Futurological Congress and Solaris in the light of their translations into English." Journal of Language and Cultural Education 3, no. 3 (September 1, 2015): 144–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jolace-2015-0028.
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Abstract The aim of this paper is to compare two English language film adaptations (by Steven Soderbergh and Ari Folman) with each other and with the books they are based on. Stanisław Lem’s novels - The Futurological Congress and Solaris - were translated into English and the directors of the films mentioned above were able to work with them. However, while one translation was appreciated by many, including the author of the original, the other one did not get much credit and features many inaccuracies, which will be presented below. The question of how much the quality of translation influences the intersemiotic translation, which adaptation is believed to be, will be examined in the paper. As, according to translation scholars, preliminary interpretation is vital for any translations, it seems justified to state that without being able to refer to the author’s original thoughts the film-makers cannot produce a good adaptation. This will be revised on the basis of comparing examples from the books and films. The analysis will be drawn on an account of translation and film adaptation theories together with the outlining of cultural background for each work.
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Reingold, Matt. "Studying anti-Semitism using primary sources in graphic novels." Studies in Comics 11, no. 1 (July 1, 2020): 109–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/jem_00017_1.
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Recent trends in history education have emphasized the study of primary sources as an important conduit for fostering critical and historical thinking skills and for allowing students to assume the role of historians. In the following article, I examine the ways that Nora Krug’s Belonging, Ari Folman and David Polonsky’s Anne Frank’s Diary and Will Eisner’s The Plot, all meaningfully engage with primary sources as a central feature of the graphic novel. Each of the texts addresses a different aspect of historical anti-Semitism but through the use of visual and textual devices that are woven into the primary sources, connections to contemporary society abound. Furthermore, what also emerges with these three texts is an active engagement with the reader wherein the primary sources are used to demand that the reader thinks about historical and contemporary anti-Semitism. Therefore, these three texts do not simply include primary sources but, like effective history educators, they model and foster critical and historical thinking through the visual and textual prompts. Their inclusion turns the reader into an active historian who participates in the process of discovery and arrives at their own understanding of the perniciousness of anti-Semitism throughout history and its continued presence in their own communities.
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Reingold, Matt. "Studying anti-Semitism using primary sources in graphic novels." Studies in Comics 11, no. 1 (July 1, 2020): 109–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/stic_00017_1.
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Recent trends in history education have emphasized the study of primary sources as an important conduit for fostering critical and historical thinking skills and for allowing students to assume the role of historians. In the following article, I examine the ways that Nora Krug’s Belonging, Ari Folman and David Polonsky’s Anne Frank’s Diary and Will Eisner’s The Plot, all meaningfully engage with primary sources as a central feature of the graphic novel. Each of the texts addresses a different aspect of historical anti-Semitism but through the use of visual and textual devices that are woven into the primary sources, connections to contemporary society abound. Furthermore, what also emerges with these three texts is an active engagement with the reader wherein the primary sources are used to demand that the reader thinks about historical and contemporary anti-Semitism. Therefore, these three texts do not simply include primary sources but, like effective history educators, they model and foster critical and historical thinking through the visual and textual prompts. Their inclusion turns the reader into an active historian who participates in the process of discovery and arrives at their own understanding of the perniciousness of anti-Semitism throughout history and its continued presence in their own communities.
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Plomp, Anniek, and Charles Forceville. "Evaluating animentary’s potential as a rhetorical genre." Visual Communication 20, no. 3 (July 13, 2021): 353–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/14703572211010198.
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Multimodality scholarship has hitherto mainly focused on the combination of static visuals and written language (see Bateman et al., Multimodality: Foundations, Research and Analysis -- A Problem-Oriented Introduction, 2017; Tseronis and Forceville, Multimodal Argumentation and Rhetoric in Media Genres, 2017; and Forceville, ‘Multimodality’, in press, for discussion and bibliographies). However, drawing on visuals, written language, spoken language, music and sound, film is a multimodal medium par excellence. In this article, the authors specifically focus on documentary film. Documentary can be considered to be the cinematic equivalent of audiovisual rhetorical discourse, aiming to persuade its envisaged audience of something. Obviously, it is crucial for the credibility of documentaries that they are seen as indexically rooted in reality. But, recently, documentary film has witnessed the flourishing of a subgenre that may seem to challenge this indexicality: the ‘animentary’ – a documentary that consists to a considerable extent of animated images. While the completely constructed nature of animation means that animentaries’ indexical relation between audiovisual representation and represented world is loosened, or even absent, animentaries also – and importantly – enable perspectives on reality that live-action documentary cannot. This article analyses how the visual, verbal, sonic and musical modes function rhetorically in four feature-length animentaries that share the theme of ‘war’: Waltz with Bashir (dir. Ari Folman, 2008), 25 April (dir. Leanne Pooley, 2015), Chris the Swiss (dir. Anja Kofmel, 2018) and Another Day of Life (dir. Raúl de la Fuente and Damian Nenow, 2019). The authors conclude that the written and spoken verbal modes play a crucial role in safeguarding animentaries’ referential relation to reality.
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Rossatto, Davi Rodrigo, Frederico Scherr Caldeira Takahashi, Lucas de Carvalho Ramos Silva, and Augusto César Franco. "Características funcionais de folhas de sol e sombra de espécies arbóreas em uma mata de galeria no Distrito Federal, Brasil." Acta Botanica Brasilica 24, no. 3 (September 2010): 640–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0102-33062010000300007.
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As matas de galeria são formações florestais que ocupam cerca de 10% da área dos cerrados e representam 1/3 da diversidade de espécies arbóreas ali encontradas. Estudos recentes têm demonstrado a importância dessas florestas em regiões do Brasil central, mas pouco se sabe sobre a fisiologia e plasticidade de espécies de mata de galeria em relação a variantes ambientais, como a irradiação solar. No presente estudo, foram comparados in situ aspectos fisiológicos e nutricionais de folhas de sol e sombra, em dez espécies arbóreas comumente encontradas em matas de galeria. Folhas de sol apresentaram maiores valores de assimilação de CO2 em base de área (Aarea), condutância estomática (gs), rendimento quântico do fotossistema II (ΦFSII) e uma maior fração de centros de reação abertos (qL), enquanto folhas de sombra apresentaram uma maior área foliar específica. Diferenças não foram encontradas para potencial hídrico foliar, assimilação de CO2 em base de massa e para a concentração foliar de macronutrientes. Dos atributos foliares analisados, a abertura estomática e o rendimento quântico do fotossistema II foram os principais fatores atuantes na Aarea em folhas de sol, enquanto em folhas de sombra apenas ΦFSII foi influente. As diferenças encontradas demonstram que, assim como em outras formações florestais, em mata de galeria as espécies arbóreas possuem a capacidade de se aclimatarem às condições contrastantes de sombreamento que ocorrem neste tipo de ambiente.
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Salim, Stephanie, Lokot Donna Lubis, Cut Adeya Adella, Milahayati Daulay, and Eka Roina Megawati. "Analysis of factors influencing acute respiratory infection among under-five children in Sering Public Health Centre, Medan Tembung subdistrict." Folia Medica 63, no. 2 (April 30, 2021): 228–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/folmed.63.e52883.
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Introduction: Nowadays, acute respiratory infection (ARI) is the most common cause of high morbidity and mortality rate in children. ARI is defined as an infection either in the upper or lower respiratory tract that lasts for 14 days and caused by either viruses or bacteria. The incidence of ARI in 2017 is 20.54%, with the most prominent characteristic in children aged 1 to 4 years. Factors that affect ARI frequency are gender, birth weight, nutritional status, immunization status, vitamin A status, exclusive breastfeeding, smoke exposure, family income, and mother’s formal education. Aim: This study aims to find out risk factors that potentiate ARI among children from age 1 to 5. Materials and methods: This study used a descriptive-analytical method with a cross-sectional study approach. The data is taken by consecutive sampling method with a questionnaire as the tool. Results: The bivariate analysis result using Fisher’s exact test shows that there is no relation between sex (p=0.642), birth weight (p=0.683), completion of immunization (p=0.195), vitamin A supplementation (p=1.000), exclusive breastfeeding (p=0.157), crowding (p=1.000), family income (p=0.658), knowledge (p=1.000), attitude (p=0.156), and behavior (p=1.000) with the frequency of ARI. The bivariate analysis result using Kruskal-Wallis test shows that there is no significant difference between groups in each factor of smoke exposure (p=0.988) and mother’s formal education (p=0.899) with the frequency of ARI. Conclusions: There is no relation between each factor with ARI frequency and there is no significant difference between groups in each factor with ARI frequency.
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Pourhajibagher, Maryam, and Abbas Bahador. "Orthodontic adhesive doped with nano-graphene oxide: physico-mechanical and antimicrobial properties." Folia Medica 63, no. 3 (June 30, 2021): 413–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/folmed.63.e53716.
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Introduction: In fixed orthodontics, formation of white spot lesions, enamel demineralization, and tooth decay around appliances are common complications which mar the outcome. Aim: The aims of this study were the determination of the shear bond strength (SBS) and adhesive remnant index (ARI) of orthodontic adhesive doped with N-GO, as well as the assessment of antimicrobial activities of the modified orthodontic adhesive against Streptococcus mutans. Materials and methods: N-GO was characterized by a scanning electron microscope (SEM), Fourier transformation infrared (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Zeta potential. The SBS and ARI of modified orthodontics adhesive containing different concentrations of N-GO (0, 1, 2, 5, and 10 wt%) were then measured. The influences of adding N-GO on antimicrobial properties of orthodontic adhesive were determined against S. mutans by disc agar diffusion (DAD) testing and biofilm formation inhibition assay. Results: The SEM, FTIR, XRD, and Zeta potential analysis indicated the successful synthesis of N-GO. Orthodontics adhesive doped with 5 wt% N-GO showed the highest concentration of N-GO and SBS value (21.71±7.45 MPa, p<0.05) simultaneously with no significant differences in adhesive remnant index compared with the control group. SBS in the 1, 2, and 5% N-GO were significantly higher than that in 10% N-GO (p=0.025, p=0.036, p=0.041, respectively). The disinfection ability of the modified orthodontic adhesive doped with N-GO against S. mutans in the DAD and biofilm formation inhibition assays were positively associated with increased in N-GO concentrations (p<0.05). However, the 5 and 10 wt% N-GO showed a statistically significant decrease the CFU/mL of the test microorganisms in biofilm structures (p<0.05). Conclusions: It could be concluded that 5 wt% of N-GO can be considered as an orthodontic adhesive additive to reduce the microbial count and biofilm with no adverse effect on SBS and ARI.
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MEHTA, YESHWANT R., and CARLOS A. A. ARIAS. "Herança da resistência a stemphylium solani e insensibilidade a sua fitotoxina em cultivares de algodoeiro." Fitopatologia Brasileira 26, no. 4 (December 2001): 761–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-41582001000400013.
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A mancha preta do algodoeiro (Gossypium hirsutum) causada por Stemphylium solani ocorre em várias regiões produtoras de algodão do Brasil, causando severos prejuízos em rendimento especialmente no Estado do Paraná. Estudou-se a herança da resistência a S. solani e sua fitotoxina, em três cultivares de algodoeiro. As cultivares de algodoeiro PR 94-82, PR 94-215 e CNPA Precoce 2 identificadas como resistentes foram cruzadas com a cultivar suscetível IAPAR 71, inclusive cruzamentos recíprocos. Aos 30 dias de idade, duas folhas de cada planta foram inoculadas com um isolado agressivo de S. solani, e outras duas da mesma planta foram infiltradas com seu filtrado contendo fitotoxina(s) na diluição de 1:1. A severidade da área foliar infetada (AFI) pelo patógeno e a área foliar necrosada pelo filtrado (AFN) foram avaliadas sete dias após a inoculação/infiltração. Considerando as reações de 740 plantas segregantes, o coeficiente de correlação entre AFI e AFN foi alto (r = 0,70). Os modelos de média e de variância confirmaram a predominância de efeitos genéticos aditivos para AFI e AFN. O modelo de segregação simples incluindo um único gene na determinação do caráter produzindo uma proporção de 1:2:1 foi aceito pelo teste de qui-quadrado para os cruzamentos IAPAR 71 x PR94-82 e IAPAR 71 x CNPA-PRECOCE 2. Para o cruzamento IAPAR 71 x PR94-215, o padrão de segregação incluindo dois genes e epistasia (9:6:1) foi aceito pelo teste de qui-quadrado.
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El-Mogy, Mohamed M., Azza M. Salama, Hanaa F. Y. Mohamed, Karima F. Abdelgawad, and Emad A. Abdeldaym. "Responding of Long Green Pepper Plants to Different Sources of Foliar Potassium Fertiliser." Agriculture (Pol'nohospodárstvo) 65, no. 2 (July 1, 2019): 59–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/agri-2019-0007.
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Abstract The aim of this study was to explore the efficiency of foliar potassium fertiliser relative to morphological, physiological and biochemical properties of hybrid long pepper (Capsicum annuum). Pepper plants were grown in a greenhouse and supplied with three sources of foliar potassium fertilisers, i.e., potassium-humate (1 g/L = 1,250 g/ha), potassium sulfate (1 g/L = 1,250 g/ha), and potassium chloride (1 g/L = 1,250 g/ha). Water served as control. The impacts of these treatments on the phytosynthetic parameters (photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, intercellular CO2, leaf carotenoids) and chlorophyll a and b, metabolic compounds and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium were measured. The phytosynthetic parameters significantly improved by different foliar potassium application and the highest level of photosynthetic activity was noted in plants supplied with potassium sulfate, followed by potassium-humate and potassium chloride. Plant biomass accumulation, cholorophyll (a and b), and total yield showed larger increases in plants fertilised with potassium sulfate than those fertilised with potassium-humate; smallest increases occurred with potassium chloride. Concentrations of total sugars, carotenoids, chlorophyll (a and b), and endogenous level of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium contents in plants and fruits were possitively influenced by varying sources of potassium. The fruit color parameters and total soluble solid were also significantly increased with all foliar potassium treatments compared with control. Foliar application of potassium sulfate recorded the highest values and significantly increase all anatomical characters for leaf, stem and fruit of pepper plant.
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Janmohammadi, Mohsen, Farzaneh Asadi, Naser Sabaghnia, Amin Abbasi, Mojtaba Nouraein, and Fariborz Shekari. "The Effects of Foliar Feeding of Compatible Organic Solutes on Agronomic Traits of Safflower." Agriculture (Pol'nohospodárstvo) 63, no. 4 (December 1, 2017): 128–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/agri-2017-0013.
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Abstract Safflower is originated from Iran and is tolerant against water deficit stress. However, in semi-arid Mediterranean climate terminal drought and heat stress adversely affect the safflower production. In order to investigate the influence of foliar application of proline (Pr) (10 and 20 mM) and glycinebetaine (GB) (2 and 4 mM) under well and deficit irrigation (37.23° N,46.16° E). Foliar spray of compatible organic solutes started from middle vegetative growth and continued till seed filling stage. Comparison of well irrigated and stress conditions revealed that severity of water deficit stress (SI) was 0.25. Evaluation of growth-related morphological characteristics such as plant height, leaf area, canopy spread and percent ground cover showed that they considerably reduced by water deficit stress. However, foliar application of compatible solutes could somewhat increase growth related parameters. Results showed that water deficit stress noticeably reduced the chlorophyll content, while foliar spray could alleviate the water deficit stress effects when compared with intact plant (non-sprayed plants). The beneficial effect of GB was more prominent than Pr, especially under deficit irrigation condition. Principal component analysis (PCA) indicated that the best performance under well irrigated condition was obtained by application of 4 mM GB while under deficit irrigation condition the best performance was recorded for plants treated with 2 and 4 mM GB and 20 mM Pr. Overall, results of current experiments showed that foliar spray with high concentration of GB may can significantly alleviate the adverse effects of water deficit stress.
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Costa, Vanessa Bastos Simões da, Will Jones Moura Soares da Silva, Gabriela Macêdo Aretakis de Almeida, Mirtes Hortency Gonçalves Ferreira, Tiago Henrique De Oliveira, Josiclêda Domiciano Galvíncio, and Rejane Magalhães de Mendonça Pimentel. "Influência da Poluição Atmosférica em Terminalia catappa L. em Áreas Urbanizadas (Influence of Air Pollution in Terminalia catappa L. in Urban Areas)." Revista Brasileira de Geografia Física 8, no. 2 (November 6, 2015): 236. http://dx.doi.org/10.26848/rbgf.v8.2.p236-252.
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A crescente urbanização e necessidade de transportes mais eficientes acarretaram o aumento do lançamento de gases e material em suspensão no ar, promovendo a elevação dos níveis de poluição atmosférica. As plantas são um excelente objeto de estudo, pois permitem análises dos efeitos da poluição urbana por longos períodos de tempo com baixo custo. O objetivo dessa pesquisa foi avaliar a condição biológica de Terminalia catappa L. sob a influência de diferentes condições de poluição atmosférica, analisando características morfológicas, anatômicas e fisiológicas. O estudo foi desenvolvido em duas áreas da cidade do Recife, em Pernambuco, com diferentes intensidades de tráfego automobilístico, onde foram coletadas folhas de 10 indivíduos. As folhas foram digitalizadas para medição dos caracteres morfológicos e posterior confecção de lâminas semipermanentes para análise anatômica. Foi utilizado teste tukey para verificar se existe diferença significativa entre os caracteres. Mostraram diferenças entre as áreas avaliadas: área total e largura foliar, espessura e número de camadas do parênquima paliçádico no mesofilo, e densidade de estômatos, tricomas e de células fundamentais na epiderme. Esses caracteres podem ser utilizados como bioindicadores de poluição atmosférica em T. catappa, sendo uma boa alternativa para utilização na arborização urbana em áreas com intenso tráfego de automóveis.
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Costa, Vanessa Bastos Simões da, Will Jones Moura Soares da Silva, Gabriela Macêdo Aretakis de Almeida, Mirtes Hortency Gonçalves Ferreira, Tiago Henrique De Oliveira, Josiclêda Domiciano Galvíncio, and Rejane Magalhães de Mendonça Pimentel. "Influência da Poluição Atmosférica em Terminalia catappa L. em Áreas Urbanizadas (Influence of Air Pollution in Terminalia catappa L. in Urban Areas)." Revista Brasileira de Geografia Física 8, no. 2 (November 4, 2015): 236. http://dx.doi.org/10.26848/rbgf.v8i2.233607.
Full textAbstract:
A crescente urbanização e necessidade de transportes mais eficientes acarretaram o aumento do lançamento de gases e material em suspensão no ar, promovendo a elevação dos níveis de poluição atmosférica. As plantas são um excelente objeto de estudo, pois permitem análises dos efeitos da poluição urbana por longos períodos de tempo com baixo custo. O objetivo dessa pesquisa foi avaliar a condição biológica de Terminalia catappa L. sob a influência de diferentes condições de poluição atmosférica, analisando características morfológicas, anatômicas e fisiológicas. O estudo foi desenvolvido em duas áreas da cidade do Recife, em Pernambuco, com diferentes intensidades de tráfego automobilístico, onde foram coletadas folhas de 10 indivíduos. As folhas foram digitalizadas para medição dos caracteres morfológicos e posterior confecção de lâminas semipermanentes para análise anatômica. Foi utilizado teste tukey para verificar se existe diferença significativa entre os caracteres. Mostraram diferenças entre as áreas avaliadas: área total e largura foliar, espessura e número de camadas do parênquima paliçádico no mesofilo, e densidade de estômatos, tricomas e de células fundamentais na epiderme. Esses caracteres podem ser utilizados como bioindicadores de poluição atmosférica em T. catappa, sendo uma boa alternativa para utilização na arborização urbana em áreas com intenso tráfego de automóveis.
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Kheyrkhah, Mohsen, Mohsen Janmohammadi, Amin Abbasi, and Naser Sabaghnia. "The Effects of Micronutrients (Fe And Zn) and Beneficial Nano-Scaled Elements (Si And Ti) on Some Morphophysiological Characteristics of Oilseed Rape Hybrids." Agriculture (Pol'nohospodárstvo) 64, no. 3 (August 1, 2018): 116–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/agri-2018-0012.
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Abstract Current experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of foliar application of different nutrients (control, nano-chelated Fe, nano-chelated Zn, nano-TiO2, nano-Si) on seed yield and morpho-physiological characteristics of oilseed rape cultivars (Hydromel, Neptune, Nathalie, Danube, Alonso). The highest pod numbers was achieved by foliar application of Zn and nano-SiO2 in cv. Hydromel and Neptune. The heaviest seeds were recorded for plants treated with nano-SiO2. The highest seed yield was recorded for cv. Hydromel and Neptune treated with Fe and nano-TiO2. The highest indole acetic acid was recorded in cv. Hydromel treated with Zn and nano-SiO2. The evaluation of plant pigments revealed that foliar application of nano-SiO2 and TiO2 significantly increased the concentration of carotenoids and Chlorophyll a, b. Overall, the results indicate that cultivating the high yielding hybrids (Hydromel, Neptune, Nathalie) along with the application of iron, SiO2 and TiO2 nano-particles can greatly improve plant performance
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Seifert, Walter. "Fredrik Benzinger,Die Tagung der „Gruppe 47“ in Schweden 1964 und ihre Folgen." Arbitrium 2, no. 1 (January 1987): 206–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/arbi.1987.2.1.206.
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Lawrence, Benjamin H., Huntington T. Hydrick, Jason A. Bond, Bobby R. Golden, Thomas W. Allen, and Tameka Sanders. "Weed Control and Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr) Response to Mixtures of a Blended Foliar Fertilizer and Postemergence Herbicides." Agronomy 10, no. 11 (November 5, 2020): 1719. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10111719.
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Growers commonly mix foliar fertilizers with postemergence (POST) herbicides to reduce application costs and/or to decrease soybean injury. Field studies conducted in 2015 and 2016 in Stoneville, MS, evaluated the impact on weed control and soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr) injury, growth, and yield when combining a blended foliar fertilizer with POST herbicide applications. Herbicide treatments included no herbicide and glyphosate alone and in combination with S-metolachlor, fomesafen, or lactofen. The blended foliar fertilizer was applied at 0, 0.39, and 0.78 kg a.i. ha−1. In the Weed Control Study, 14 antagonistic effects at various evaluations were detected on Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri (S.) Wats) and barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) P. Beauv.) control 7, 14, and 21 d after treatment (DAT) when a blended foliar fertilizer at 0.39 or 0.78 kg a.i. ha−1 was mixed with glyphosate alone or combined with S-metolachlor, fomesafen, or lactofen. Of the 14 total effects, nine were detected with foliar fertilizer at the higher rate of 0.78 kg a.i. ha−1. Seven antagonistic effects were detected for both weed species regardless of herbicide treatment or foliar fertilizer rate. The only treatment combination in which an antagonistic effect was not detected was glyphosate plus lactofen plus foliar fertilizer at 0.78 kg a.i. ha−1. Blended foliar fertilizer did not influence soybean injury. In the Agronomic Study, blended foliar fertilizer did not impact soybean injury, height, dry wt., nutrient conc., or yield. Foliar fertilizer in combination with POST soybean herbicides did not reduce soybean injury and produced inconsistent effects on weed control across herbicide treatments and between weed species.
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Keever, Gary J. "BA-Induced Offset Formation in Hosta." Journal of Environmental Horticulture 12, no. 1 (March 1, 1994): 36–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.24266/0738-2898-12.1.36.
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Abstract Axillary and rhizomic budbreak and offset formation in Hosta sieboldiana were promoted by a single foliar application of BA at 125–4000 ppm or drench application at 5–120 mg a.i./0.8 1 (5 in) pot, compared to an untreated control. Based on offset counts following various periods of dormancy, optimal foliar rates ranged from 2000–3000 ppm and drench rates from 20–40 mg a.i./0.8 1 (5 in) pot. Foliar application of 3000 or 4000 ppm BA or drench application at 80, 100, or 120 mg a.i./pot induced marginal necrosis within 2 weeks after treatment; however, growth following dormancy appeared normal. Generally, growth indices were not affected by foliar application of BA, but decreased with increasing rates of drench-applied BA.
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Thayer, Anne T. "Learning to Worship in the Later Middle Ages: Enacting Symbolism, Fighting the Devil, and Receiving Grace." Archiv für Reformationsgeschichte - Archive for Reformation History 99, no. 1 (December 1, 2008): 36–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.14315/arg-2008-0104.
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ZUSAMMENFASSUNG Anhand spätmittelalterlicher Pastoralhandbücher und Beispielpredigten werden drei zentrale Anweisungen identifiziert, die der Klerus den Laien hinsichtlich des korrekten Verhaltens während der Meßfeier gab. Erstens sollten die Gläubigen sich ruhig verhalten und in demütiger Haltung der Messe folgen, um der Ablenkung durch den Teufel zu wiederstehen. Zweitens sollten die Laien sich bewußt werden, daß die Meßfeier das Leiden Christi symbolisiert. Ziel des Klerus war es, das Verständnis der Laien für das Ritual, die Kirchenausstattung und die Meßgewänder, die auf die Grundlagen des Glaubens verweisen, zu vertiefen und damit den Glauben zu stärken. Drittens sollten Laien aktiv an der Messe teilnehmen, u.|a. sollten sie die Grundgebete sprechen sowie den einzelnen Stadien der Liturgie folgen. Obwohl die Reformatoren Theologie und Praxis des Gottesdienstes grundlegend veränderten, teilten sie doch viele der Werte der spätmittelalterlichen Kleriker. Insbesondere förderten sie das Glaubenswissen und die aktive Teilnahme des Kirchenvolkes am Gottesdienst.
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Iliev, Yanko T., Stoilka G. Tufkova, Marin Y. Zagorov, and Stanka M. Nikolova. "Snake Venom Poisoning in the Plovdiv Region from 2004 to 2012." Folia Medica 56, no. 1 (January 1, 2014): 32–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/folmed-2014-0005.
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ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION: Envenomation by poisons of biological origin is very common globally in the tropical and subtropical areas mainly, where the biological diversity of the species clearly leads to evolution of highly toxic species. The weather warming trend in Bulgaria, whether cyclic or permanent, allows for a change in the biological response of reptiles and insects inhabiting the temperate zone by a possible migration of biological species from the subtropical zone towards the temperate zone because of the new environmental conditions. There are very few studies on snake bite envenoming in Bulgaria. The AIM of the study was to find the incidence of the acute accidental intoxication (AAI) caused by snake venom in adult individuals in a large region of Bulgaria between 2004 and 2012 and characterises it by number, type, main clinical features, course and socio-demographic parameters of the victims so that preventive measures can be taken, wherever necessary. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We studied retrospectively all 68 cases of AAI caused by snake venom in adult individuals (> 18 years old) hospitalized in the Clinic of Toxicology in St. George University Hospital, Plovdiv over the period from 2004 to 2012 by 23 quantitative and qualitative parameters. RESULTS: We found that the average annual incidence of snake venom AAI in adult population in the region of Plovdiv was relatively low for the specified period (9.5 per 100000 residents); the snake venom AAI increases or decreases every other year, with no clearly delineated trend for now. The prevalence of envenomation by poisons of biological origin increased from 2.3% in 1990-1998 to 9.5-10.33% between 2007 and 2012. The main sociodemographic characteristics of snake bite victims are similar to those in other Balkan and Central European countries. The clinical response to poisons of biological origin is generally identical with the response to the viper (Vipera ammodytes) - mild to medium intensity with predominantly local toxic syndrome. CONCLUSIONS: The algorithm of Clinical Pathway 293 (CP) is effective and conducive to the reduction of duration of the morbid condition. There are, however, still aspects of it that can be optimised
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Krachunov, Iliya I., Nikolay H. Kyuchukov, Zlatina I. Ivanova, Nikolay A. Yanev, Petkana A. Hristova, Elena D. Borisova, Tsanya P. Popova, Plamen S. Pavlov, Pavlina T. Nikolova, and Yavor Y. Ivanov. "Impact of Air Pollution and Outdoor Temperature on the Rate of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Exacerbations." Folia Medica 59, no. 4 (December 20, 2017): 423–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/folmed-2017-0053.
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AbstractBackground: Environmental pollution can be one of the main risk factors for acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Aim: To study the relationship between air pollution, outdoor temperature and exacerbations of COPD. Materials and methods: COPD patients (n=1432) were followed up for one year. The levels of particulate matter up to 10 μm (PM10), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), sulfur dioxide (SO2) and outside temperatures were collected from the Environmental Agency database. Results: A total of 309 acute COPD exacerbations (AECOPD) were recorded in the analysis. The daily mean concentrations of PM10were found to correlate significantly with the daily mean concentrations of NO2and SO2(ρ 0.34 and ρ 0.49, respectively; p=0.0001). The negative correlations between the daily mean temperature and the daily mean levels of PM10, NO2and SO2were also significant (ρ -0.44, ρ -0.11, and ρ -0.37, respectively; p=0.0001). The daily number of AECOPD correlated with the mean levels of PM10in the previous six days (ρ 0.14; p=0.02) and the lower outdoor temperature (ρ -0.2; p=0.001). The negative correlation between the daily number of AECOPD and the mean daily temperature was stronger in days with levels of PM10above 50 μg/m3(ρ -0.3 p=0.02 vs. ρ -0.18 p= 0.01). Conclusion: Lower daily mean temperatures were associated with the levels of air pollutants. The level of PM10correlated with the levels of the other air pollutants. The daily number of AECOPD was found to correlate weakly, but signifi cantly with the mean level of PM10in the previous six days.
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Whipker, Brian E., Ingram McCall, and Brian A. Krug. "Flurprimidol Substrate Drenches and Foliar Sprays Control Growth of `Blue Champion' Exacum." HortTechnology 16, no. 2 (January 2006): 354–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech.16.2.0354.
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Flurprimidol was applied as a foliar spray (12.5, 25.0, 37.5, 50.0, or 62.5 mg·L-1) or as a substrate drench (0.015, 0.03, 0.06, 0.12, or 0.24 mg/pot a.i.) to determine its efficacy on `Blue Champion' exacum (Exacum affine). Flurprimidol substrate drenches were more consistent in controlling plant growth than foliar sprays. Substrate drenches of 0.03 mg/pot a.i. or foliar sprays ≥50 mg·L-1 resulted in smaller plant heights and diameters than the untreated control. With the use of flurprimidol, exacum growers have another plant growth regulator (PGR) available to control excessive growth.
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Temple, Patrick J., and Paul R. Miller. "Foliar ozone injury and radial growth of ponderosa pine." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 24, no. 9 (September 1, 1994): 1877–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x94-242.
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Foliar injury symptoms and stem diameter growth were measured on well-watered and drought-stressed ponderosa pine (Pinusponderosa Dougl. ex Laws.) seedlings at the end of each of 3 years of exposure to three levels of ozone: charcoal-filtered air, nonfiltered air, and nonfiltered air plus 1.5 times ambient ozone. Ozone-injury indices were constructed by adding percent chlorotic mottle and percent necrosis for each needle age-class. Percent necrosis was weighted from 1 to 5 times to construct different indices. Seedlings grown in nonfiltered air plus 1.5 times ambient ozone developed severe foliar injury after 2 years of exposure and were the only seedlings with significant reductions in radial growth after three seasons of exposure to a mean seasonal ozone concentration of 88 ppb. Foliage that had developed >30% chlorotic mottle by September of the 2nd year had abscised by September of the following year. Reduction in radial growth was significantly correlated with amount of foliar injury in well-watered trees, and the best-fit regression equation occurred when percent necrosis was weighted by a factor of 4. Regressions between foliar-injury indices and radial growth in drought-stressed trees were not significant, nor were regressions between radial growth and foliar injury among well-watered trees with only 1 year of premature needle abscission. The low R2 (0.30) between foliar injury and radial growth in well-watered trees and the lack of a significant regression in drought-stressed trees suggest that detection of reductions in stem diameter growth of ponderosa pine in the field in response to ozone injury could be difficult, except for severely injured trees with fewer than 2 years of foliar retention.
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Sorkhi, Farshad, Ramin Rostami, and Kazem Ghassemi-Golezani. "Improving Resistance of Foeniculum Vulgare to Water Deficit Stress by Natural Regulators." Agriculture (Pol'nohospodárstvo) 67, no. 1 (April 1, 2021): 29–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/agri-2021-0003.
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Abstract This research was conducted as a combined analysis with four replications in two years (2018 ‒ 2019). Treatments were irrigation up to 90%, 50%, and 20% field capacity (as normal irrigation, moderate and severe water deficit stresses, respectively) and foliar application of natural regulators (untreated as control, salicylic acid, spermidine, and methanol). Increasing water deficit stress was led to a significant increase in essential oil percentage and proline content and a significant decrease in yield parameters and seed yield. Most of the traits (except the percentage of essential oil) were affected by natural growth regulators. The highest seed yield (1,127.59 kg/ha), plant biomass (5,426.92 kg/ha), essential oil yield (22.67 kg/ha), and proline content (29.34 μmol/g fresh weight) were obtained in methanol treated plants under normal irrigation. However, the highest amount of these traits under moderate and severe water deficit was recorded for salicylic acid-treated plants. Therefore, foliar spray of methanol was a useful treatment for non-stress conditions, but, application of salicylic acid was the superior treatment for reducing the negative effects of water deficit stress on Foeniculum vulgare.
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Farzi-Aminabad, Roghiyeh, Kazem Ghassemi-Golezani, and Safar Nasrullahzadeh. "Grain and Oil Yields of Safflower (Carthamus Tinctorius L.) Affected By Water Deficit and Growth Regulators." Agriculture (Pol'nohospodárstvo) 67, no. 2 (July 1, 2021): 87–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/agri-2021-0008.
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Abstract In order to evaluate the effects of growth regulators on yield parameters and oil content of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.), a field experiment was conducted under different irrigation intervals in 2019. All plots were irrigated regularly until the seedling establishment and thereafter irrigation intervals were applied after 70, 100, 130, and 160 mm evaporation from class A pan, as normal irrigation and mild, moderate, and severe water deficits, respectively. Foliar sprays of water (control), putrescine (60 µg/L), and 24-epibrassinolide (25 µg/L) at a rate of 1,000 L/ha were applied slightly before flowering. The results revealed that means of plant biomass, grains per capitol, grains per plant, grain yield, harvest index, oil percentage, and yield were decreased under limited irrigations, but 1,000-seeds weight was only reduced under severe water deficit. However, fo-liar sprays of growth regulators, particularly putrescine, increased grains per plant, grain yield, and harvest index, leading to an improvement in oil yield per unit area under different levels of water supply. These results suggest that foliar application of putrescine is a superior treatment for improving the productivity of safflower plants under normal and stressful conditions.
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Gregory, Von Brad, Ute Lotz-Heumann, and Randall Zachman. "Die Weltwirkungen der Reformation: Zeitgenössische und langfristige Folgen der religiösen Reformbewegungen des 16. Jahrhunderts." Archiv für Reformationsgeschichte - Archive for Reformation History 108, no. 1 (October 26, 2017): 9–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.14315/arg-2017-0103.
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Sheriff, DW. "Gas Exchange of Field-Grown Pinus radiata - Relationships With Foliar Nutrition and Water Potential, and With Climatic Variables." Functional Plant Biology 22, no. 6 (1995): 1015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pp9951015.
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Gas exchange measurements were conducted on Pinus radiata to investigate relationships between these and leaf-air vapour pressure deficit, photosynthetic photon flux density, and foliar temperature, water potential and nutrition in the field. Multiple non-linear regressions indicated strong relationships between gas exchange and foliar [P] (but of no other nutrient), leaf-air vapour pressure deficit, photosynthetic photon flux density, foliar water potential and temperature. The final regression produced for relationships between gas exchange and these variables explained 81% of the variance in the data. Micro-climate and foliar data from another site were used to predict gas exchange using the regressions and calculated parameters. Good agreement was obtained between the predicted values and carbon assimilation measured at that site. The relationship was poorer for leaf conductance.
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Dhir, Ritu, Richard L. Harkess, and Guihong Bi. "Physiological Responses of Ivy Geranium ‘Beach’ and ‘Butterfly’ to Heat Stress." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 138, no. 5 (September 2013): 344–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.138.5.344.
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The development of bleaching of the youngest leaves of actively growing ivy geranium (Pelargonium peltatum) has been observed as the season progresses from late spring to summer. Cultivar differences in foliar bleaching in response to elevated air temperature were studied. Ivy geranium ‘Beach’ and ‘Butterfly’ were grown in media containing sphagnum peat and perlite (70:30 v/v) for 6 weeks in modified greenhouse chambers with air temperatures averaging 28/16 or 36/22 °C (day/night). ‘Beach’ had greater plant width, growth index, leaf area, total fresh weight, and total dry weight than ‘Butterfly’ regardless of temperature. Overall, elevated air temperatures severely reduced plant width, plant growth index, leaf area, fresh weight, and dry weight of ivy geraniums. Elevated air temperatures caused foliar bleaching in both cultivars; however, ‘Butterfly’ was more susceptible to bleaching than ‘Beach’. ‘Beach’ had higher chlorophyll (Chl) b and total Chl content than ‘Butterfly’ at ambient air temperature, but they were similar at elevated air temperatures. Regardless of temperature, ‘Beach’ had greater Chl a, carotenoids (Caro), and pheophytins content but lower Chl a:Caro, Chl b:Caro, and total Chl:Caro ratios than ‘Butterfly’. This may contribute to the lower susceptibility to bleaching of ‘Beach’. Elevated air temperatures reduced Chl a, Caro, Chl a:Caro, Chl b:Caro, total Chl:Caro, and pheophytins content of ivy geraniums. In both cultivars, manganese (Mn) content increased with elevated air temperatures, but ‘Beach’ had greater Mn content than ‘Butterfly’. Total iron (Fe) content did not vary with cultivar or temperature. Irrespective of temperature, zinc (Zn) content was greater in ‘Beach’ than ‘Butterfly’, and irrespective of cultivar, Zn content was greater at elevated air temperatures. These results suggest greater chlorophyll, carotenoids, pheophytins, foliar Mn, and Zn contents play a role in reduced susceptibility of ‘Beach’ to foliar bleaching.
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Dimov, Peter K., Blagoi I. Marinov, Ilcho S. Ilchev, Zdravko Z. Taralov, and Stefan S. Kostianev. "Evaluation of Acute Exogenous Hypoxia Impact on the Fraction of Exhaled Nitric Oxide in Healthy Males." Folia Medica 57, no. 3-4 (April 1, 2016): 230–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/folmed-2015-0043.
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Abstract Introduction: Exogenous hypoxia increases ventilation and contracts the pulmonary vessels. Whether those factors change the values of nitric oxide in exhaled air has not yet been evaluated. Objective: To examine the effect of exogenous normobaric hypoxia on the values of the fraction of nitric oxide in exhaled breath (FeNO). Subjects аnd Methods: Twenty healthy non-smoker males at mean age of 25.4 (SD = 3.7) were tested. The basal FeNO values were compared with those at 7 min. and 15 min. after introducing into the hypoxic environment (hypoxic tent), imitating atmospheric air with oxygen concentration corresponding to 3200 m above sea level. Exhaled breath temperature was measured at baseline and at 10-12 min. of the hypoxic exposition. Heart rate and oxygen saturation were registered by pulse-oximetry. Results: All the subjects had FeNO values in the reference range. The mean baseline value was 14.0 ± 3.2 ppb, and in hypoxic conditions - 15.5 ± 3.8 ppb (7 min.) and 15.3 ± 3.6 ppb (15 min.), respectively, as the elevation is statistically significant (p = 0.011 and p = 0.008). The values of exhaled breath temperature were 33.79 ± 1.55°С and 33.87 ± 1.83°С (p = 0.70) at baseline and in hypoxic conditions, respectively. Baseline oxygen saturation in all subjects was higher than that, measured in hypoxia (96.93 ± 1.29% vs. 94.27 ± 2.53%; p < 0.001). Conclusions: Exogenous hypoxia leads to an increase of FeNO values, but does not affect the exhaled breath temperature.
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Junior, Jose Alves, Pedro Marques da Silveira, Luiz Fernando Stone, and Paulo Cesar Ribeiro da Cunha. "RETENÇÃO DE ÁGUA PELO DOSSEL DO FEIJOEIRO IRRIGADO POR ASPERSÃO." IRRIGA 15, no. 1 (March 29, 2010): 90–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.15809/irriga.2010v15n1p90.
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O conhecimento da retenção de água pela parte aérea das plantas é importante para fins de manejo da irrigação e quimigação (alvo folha). Este trabalho objetivou estimar o volume de água por hectare retido no dossel da cultura do feijoeiro sob uma lâmina de irrigação aplicada via pivô central. Foi semeada a cultivar de feijão Pérola, nos períodos de verão, outono e inverno, no espaçamento de 0,45 m entre linhas, com 15 sementes por metro. As avaliações foram realizadas em 10 plantas, em cinco estádios fenológicos. A quantidade de água retida nas folhas das plantas foi estimada pela diferença de massa após secagem com compressor de ar. A área foliar foi avaliada em cada amostragem utilizando o medidor LICOR, modelo 3100. Os dados obtidos foram submetidos à análise de regressão. Os resultados mostraram que conhecido o índice de área foliar (IAF) é possível estimar o volume de água retida no dossel do feijoeiro (V, L ha-1) utilizando a expressão, V= 648,12*IAF. A aplicação da lâmina média de água de 8,1 mm proporcionou perdas médias de água por interceptação foliar de aproximadamente 2,5%. UNITERMOS: Phaseolus vulgaris, área foliar, manejo da irrigação, pivô central. ALVES JUNIOR, J.; SILVEIRA, P. M. da; STONE, L. F.; CUNHA, P. C. R. da. CANOPY WATER RETENTION OF BEAN IRRIGATED BY SPRINKLER SYSTEM 2ABSTRACT Knowing the amount of water retained by common bean leaves is important for irrigation and chemigation purposes. This study was carried out in order to estimate the volume of water retained in common bean leaves per unit area (ha), under a center pivot irrigation depth. Pérola common bean cultivar was sown in the summer, autumn and winter crop season at 0.45 m between rows and 15 plants per meter. 10 plants were measured at five phenological stages. The amount of water retained in the bean leaves was obtained by the difference between total plant weight (measured after irrigation) and dry plant weight (measured after drying with air). The total plant leaf area was evaluated for each sampling period using a leaf area meter LICOR, model 3100. Data were submitted to regression analyses. Results indicated that the water retained in bean leaves (V, L ha-1) can be estimated using a leaf area index (V=648.12*LAI). The application of average water depth of 8.1 mm allowed 2.5% of average water losses by foliar interception. KEYWORDS: Phaseolus vulgaris, leaf area, irrigation management, central pivot.
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Petrova, Atanaska P., Irina D. Stanimirova, Ivan N. Ivanov, Michael M. Petrov, Tsonka M. Miteva-Katrandzhieva, Vasil I. Grivnev, Velichka S. Kardjeva, Todor V. Kantardzhiev, and Mariana A. Murdjeva. "Carbapenemase Production of Clinical Isolates Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa from a Bulgarian University Hospital." Folia Medica 59, no. 4 (December 20, 2017): 413–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/folmed-2017-0060.
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AbstractBackground: Production of Bla OXA-23, OXA-24, OXA-58 and hyperexpression of OXA-51 due to ISAba1 insertion sequence are the leading causes of carbapenem resistance in Acinetobacter baumannii. The loss of OprD transmembrane protein and the overexpression of some effl ux pumps are considered to be the main factors for carbapenem resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa whereas metallo-enzymes’ production has a secondary role. Aim: Тo examine the carbapenem resistance due to carbapenemase production among clinically signifi cant Gram-negative non-fermenters from St George University hospital, Plovdiv: A. baumannii and P. aeruginosa. Materials and methods: Forty three A. baumannii and 43 P. aeruginosa isolates, resistant or with intermediate resistance to imipenem and/or meropenem were included in the study. They were collected from patients admitted in 14 various hospital wards between 2010 and 2014. Both phenotypic and genetic methods were used for identifi cation and antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Results: All A. baumannii demonstrated carbapenemase production determined by a modifi ed Hodge test whereas P. aeruginosa isolates did not show this phenomenon. OXA-23 genes were determined in 97.7% (42 out of 43) of A. baumannii isolates indistinguishable from the sequence of the classical ARI-1 gene. OXA-24, OXA-58 and overexpression of OXA-51 were not registered in any of the isolates. All P. aeruginosa were negative for blaVIM and blaIMP genes. Conclusion: The leading cause of carbapenem resistance in A. baumannii isolates from our hospital is the carbapenemase production due to the expression of OXA- 23 gene, whereas in P. aeruginosa - the loss of transmembrane OprD protein and the effl ux pumps’ hyperexpression are suspected to be the main mechanisms.
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Krug, Brian A., Brian E. Whipker, and Ingram McCall. "Flurprimidol Is Effective at Controlling Height of `Star Gazer' Oriental Lily." HortTechnology 15, no. 2 (January 2005): 373–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech.15.2.0373.
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Flurprimidol preplant soaks, foliar sprays, and substrate drenches were compared to commercially recommended concentrations of uniconazole as a preplant bulb soak and a foliar spray for height control of `Star Gazer' oriental lily (Lilium hybrids). Foliar sprays of uniconazole at 10 mg·L–1 (ppm) did not control plant height and foliar sprays of flurprimidol concentrations ≥80 mg·L–1 provided only minimal height control. Substrate drenches of flurprimidol at 0.5 mg/pot a.i. (28,350 mg = 1 oz) controlled plant height, resulting in plants 45.3 cm (17.83 inches) tall, which were 24% shorter than the untreated control. Uniconazole preplant bulb soaks of 5 and 10 mg·L–1 controlled plant height, resulting in plants 41.8 cm (16.46 inches) and 37.8 cm (14.88 inches), respectively. Preplant bulb soaks of flurprimidol (25 to 400 mg·L–1) were applied and a concentration of 25 mg·L–1 resulted in plants 47.7 cm (18.78 inches) tall, which were 23% shorter than the untreated control. Flurprimidol substrate drenches and preplant bulb soaks at concentrations of 0.5 mg/pot a.i. and 25 mg·L–1, respectively, were effective in controlling height in `Star Gazer' lily. In Expt. 2, flurprimidol substrate drenches were applied as either a single or two split applications. A one-time flurprimidol substrate drench of 0.5 mg/pot a.i. provided similar control as two split applications of 0.25 mg/pot a.i.
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Wood, Bruce W., Jerry A. Payne, and Michael T. Smith. "Suppressing Pecan Aphid Populations Using Potassium Nitrate Plus Surfactant Sprays." HortScience 30, no. 3 (June 1995): 513–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.30.3.513.
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A 4-year field study on pecan [Carya illinoinensis (Wangenh.) K. Koch] provided indirect support of the supposition held by some U.S. pecan growers that air-blast foliar sprays of potassium nitrate (KNO3) plus surfactant enhances nut yield. While these treatments did not measurably influence yield components, foliar K nutrition, or net photosynthesis, they did suppress “yellow-type” aphid populations. While air-blast sprays of water alone suppressed aphid populations, the inclusion of KNO3 plus surfactant provided an additional level of suppression.
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Horowitz, A. R., Z. Mendelson, P. G. Weintraub, and I. Ishaaya. "Comparative toxicity of foliar and systemic applications of acetamiprid and imidacloprid against the cotton whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae)." Bulletin of Entomological Research 88, no. 4 (August 1998): 437–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007485300042176.
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AbstractComparative bioassays of two chloronicotinyl insecticides, acetamiprid and imidacloprid, against the whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius), using foliar and systemic applications, were conducted under laboratory conditions and in field trials. Under controlled conditions, the ovicidal activity of foliar applications of acetamiprid on cotton seedlings was much higher than that of imidacloprid. According to LC50 and LC90 values, acetamiprid was 10- and 18-fold more potent than imidacloprid. Both compounds were effective when applied to soil against whitefly adults; however, the potency of imidacloprid was somewhat higher than that of acetamiprid 2, 7 and 14 days after application; resulting (with the concentration of 25 ml a.i./l) in adult mortality of 90, 93, and 96% and 76, 84, and 76% respectively. In an experimental cotton field, the efficacy of foliar applications of 60 g a.i./ha acetamiprid and 210 g a.i./ha imidacloprid was compared. Field residual activity of acetamiprid to whitefly adults lasted for approximately ten days, compared with three days for imidacloprid.
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Paudel, Kapil, Naresh Dangi, Sunil Aryal, and Rashmi Regmi. "Evaluation of chemical pesticides for the management of Top Borer (Scirpophaga excerptalis Walker) in sugarcane." Journal of Agriculture and Natural Resources 4, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 282–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/janr.v4i1.33289.
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An experiment was conducted at research field of National Sugarcane Research Program, Jeetpur, Nepal in 2014 and 2016, to evaluate the efficacy of chemical insecticides against sugarcane top borer (Scirpophaga excerptalis Walker). Nine different treatments viz. Chlorantraniliprole 0.4 G, Cartap hydrochloride 4 G, Fipronil 0.3 G, Carbofuran 3 G (standard check) as soil application and foliar spray of Chlorantraniliprole 18.5 SC, Thiodicarp 75 WP, Spinosad 45 SC, Chlorpyrifos 20 EC (standard check) and one untreated check (control) were used in randomized complete block design with three replications. The top borer susceptible genotype, Co 0238 was planted on February and single application of these insecticides was done on July at brood stage against top borers. The lowest 10.65 and 12.43, 13.68, 14.61, 14.15 percentage of top borer damage was found in foliar application of Chlorantraniliprole @ 35g a.i. /ha followed by Spinosad @ 125g a.i. /ha and soil application of Cartap hydrochloride @ 1500g a.i /ha and foliar application of Thiodicarp @ 1500g a.i. /ha and Fipronil @ 100g a.i. /ha. The infestation percentage reduction over control was found highest in Chlorantraniliprole (69.40%) followed by Spinosad (64.29%) treated plots. Furthermore, the cane yield was highest in Chlorantraniliprole (92.30 mt/ha) and Spinosad (90.06 mt/ha) treated plots than that of other insecticide treated plots. The number of millable canes and cane diameter in the plots among the treatment was found non-significant. Based on the infestation reduction rate, foliar application of the chemical insecticide (Chlorantraniliprole 18.5 SC and Spinosad 45 SC) could be better option for chemical management of sugarcane top borer.
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Kovár, Marek, Ivan Černý, and Dávid Ernst. "Analysis of relations between crop temperature indices and yield of different sunflower hybrids foliar treated by biopreparations." Agriculture (Polnohospodárstvo) 62, no. 1 (April 1, 2016): 28–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/agri-2016-0004.
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Abstract The application of biological active preparations (BAPs) and remote-sensing control in the management of agronomic intervention are an important part of successful crop cultivation. The effects of foliar application of two BAPs (containing amino acids or Abiestins®) on yield and yield-forming, as well eco-physiological traits calculated from infrared thermographs data (crop water stress index, CWSI and index of stomatal conductance, Ig) of three hybrids of sunflower were studied in field poly-factorial experiments, realised during two years (2012 and 2013). The results showed that the application of selected BAPs has contributed to an increase of the sunflower yield, in particular through an increase in the weight of thousand seeds (rp = 0.761, P < 0.001). Similarly, oil content in achenes was significantly higher in treatments with BAPs, mainly with preparation containing free amino acids. The study describes the quantitative relationship between yield and quality of sunflower production (rp = −0.41, P < 0.01). Selected hybrids of sunflower in two growth stages showed the significant differences in CWSI and Ig (both at P < 0.01), respectively. An analysis of negative linear relation between the yield of achenes and CWSI (rp = −0.654, P < 0.001) confirmed that higher value of plant stress resulted in a smaller yield and vice-versa. The opposite trend was observed between yield and Ig index (rp = 0.576, P < 0.001). The data obtained from IR thermography can be used for monitoring the physiological health of sunflower plants, as well in potential prediction and control of yield.
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Victor French, J., and Michael B. Jackson. "Citrus Rust Mite Control on Texas Citrus, 1994." Arthropod Management Tests 20, no. 1 (January 1, 1995): 53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/amt/20.1.53a.
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Abstract Foliar spray treatments of Kelthane and Agri-Mek, along or tank-mixed with either NR 440 oil, Blue Lightning surfactant or Trisert foliar fertilizer (26% nitrogen and 0.5% Boron) were compared to a Temik soil treatment. All treatments were randomized and replicated 4 times on plots of 4 trees each in a 9 yr old grapefruit block on 15 × 28 ft spacing. Spray treatments were applied using an FMC 1229 single volute commercial air blast sprayer with speed, nozzling and pressure adjusted to apply 250 gpa. Temik was incorporated into the soil in a 4 ft wide band at the canopy drip line on both sides of the tree row and activated by flood irrigation. All treatments were applied on 11 May with CRM counts made at 7 to 14 day intervals. At each sample date, 12 fruit were randomly selected in each tree (48 fruit per replicated plot) and examined for CRM in situ with a 10X handlens. All live CRM (except eggs) were counted in two, 1-cm2 lens fields on the shaded sides of each fruit. The two counts per fruit were averaged and recorded as one observation.
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Eichert, T., and H. E. Goldback. "AMBIENT AIR HUMIDITY AFFECTS PHLOEM MOBILITY OF FOLIAR-APPLIED BORON." Acta Horticulturae, no. 700 (January 2006): 67–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.2006.700.6.
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Ninave, S. Y., P. R. Chaudhari, D. G. Gajghate, and J. L. Tarar. "Foliar Biochemical Features of Plants As Indicators of Air Pollution." Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 67, no. 1 (June 30, 2001): 133–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001280101.
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Snyder, Richard G., James E. Simon, Richard A. Reinert, Michael Simini, and Gerald E. Wilcox. "Effects of Air Quality on Growth, Yield, and Quality of Watermelon." HortScience 26, no. 8 (August 1991): 1045–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.26.8.1045.
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Watermelon, Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum & Nakai cv. Sugar Baby, were grown in the field as a fall crop in open-top chambers (OTC) in southwestern Indiana with either charcoal-filtered (CF) or nonfiltered (NF) air. Ozone and sulfur dioxide were continuously monitored in OTC and ambient air. There was a significant decrease in marketable yield by weight (19.9%, P = 0.05), percentage of marketable fruit by number (20.8%, P = 0.10), and total yield by weight (21.5%, P = 0.05) from plants grown in the NF air treatment compared with those grown in CF air. Ozone-induced foliar injury was significantly greater on plants grown under NF conditions. Ambient concentrations of 03 in southwestern Indiana caused foliar injury (P = 0.10) and significant yield loss to a fall crop of watermelons.