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Journal articles on the topic 'Armillary spheres'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 29 July 2024

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1

Gingerich, Owen. "Book Review: Greenwich Globes and Armillary Spheres: Globes at Greenwich: A Catalogue of the Globes and Armillary Spheres in the National Maritime Museum, Greenwich." Journal for the History of Astronomy 34, no. 3 (August 2003): 339–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002182860303400313.

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2

Lee, Yong-Sam, Sang-Hyuk Kim, Min-Soo Lee, and Jang-Hae Jeong. "A Study on the Armillary Spheres of the Confucianists in Joseon Dynasty." Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences 27, no. 4 (December 15, 2010): 383–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.5140/jass.2010.27.4.383.

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3

Savage-Smith, Emilie. "Globes at Greenwich: A Catalogue of the Globes and Armillary Spheres in the National Maritime Museum (review)." Technology and Culture 43, no. 2 (2002): 413–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/tech.2002.0089.

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4

von Herrmann, Hans-Christian. "Das Projektionsplanetarium als hyperreales Environment." Zeitschrift für Medien- und Kulturforschung 8, no. 1 (2017): 27–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.28937/1000107620.

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"In den Jahren nach dem Ersten Weltkrieg wurde im Jenaer Zeiss-Werk im Auftrag des Deutschen Museums in München das Projektionsplanetarium als immersives Modell des Universums entwickelt. In ihm hallte eine lange Geschichte von Himmelsgloben, Armillarsphären, Astrolabien und mechanischen Planetarien nach, die seit der Antike als astronomische Demonstrationsobjekte gedient hatten. Erstmals aber fand sich diese Aufgabe nun mit einer Simulation des raum-zeitlichen In-der-Welt-Seins des Menschen verbunden. In the years following the First World War, commissioned by the German Museum in Munich, the projection planetarium was developed as an immersive model of the universe at the Zeiss plant in Jena. In it, a long history of celestial globes, armillary spheres, astrolabes, and mechanical planetaria resonated, which had served as astronomical demonstration objects since ancient times. For the first time, however, this task was associated with a simulation of man’s spaciotemporal being-in-the-world. "

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5

Razaullah Ansari, S. M., and S. A. Khan Ghori. "Two Treatises on Astronomical Instruments by cABD Al-Munc IM Al-cĀmilī & Qāsim cAlī Al-Qāyinī." International Astronomical Union Colloquium 91 (1987): 215–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0252921100106086.

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A characteristic feature of Arab-islamic astronomy during the Middle Ages is the promotion and tremendous growth of practical astronomy which was in turn manifested primarily by the establishment of scores of observatories in West-Central Asia, from Abbasid Caliph al-Māmūn (813-833) to the Turkish king Murād III (1574-1595), and by the production of copious literature on astronomical Tables (the zījes) as well as on astronomical instruments (ālāt al-rasad). The enormity of the literature on the latter could be gauged by the list of extant works as given by Matvievskaya and Rosenfeld (1983) in their recent Biobibliography: 349 treatises on astrolabes, 138 on sine-instruments, 81 on quadrants, 4 on sextants and octants, 41 on armillary spheres and celestial globes, 77 on sundials and again 77 on “other instruments”—in all 767 treatises. As a matter of fact the instruments developed by Arab-islamic astronomers could be broadly classified into four groups: a) Time measuring instruments (e.g. sundials, shadow quadrants), b) Angle measuring instruments for astronomical parameters (e.g. armilla of various kinds, dioptre and parallactic rulers), c) instruments for transformation of system of coordinates and/or solving nomographical problems (e.g. astrolabes, quadrants, dāstūr instrument), d) Mathematical instruments for evaluating trigonometric functions, (e.g. sinequadrants). Apart from the fourth and the most important of all, the astrolabe, which in turn embodies all the four groups of instruments to a certain extent, works on “other instruments” were compiled in almost every century (down from 9th to 18th A.D.), also by well-known Arab-Islamic astronomer-mathematicians.

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6

Lu, Peng. "Bhāskara I on the Construction of the Armillary Sphere." History of Science in South Asia 3 (February 18, 2015): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.18732/h2mw2w.

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The armillary sphere is said to have been invented by the Greek astronomer Eratosthenes (276–194 BCE). Ptolemy’s Almagest (2nd century CE) contains a detailed description of the armillary sphere. However the armillary sphere described in Sanskrit texts on astronomy, from the seventh century onwards, is substantially different from the Greek armillary sphere.

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7

Tchernik, Alexander. "Armillary Sphere in the Ideology of the Late Middle Ages and Early Modern Times." ISTORIYA 14, no. 6 (128) (2023): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.18254/s207987840027170-6.

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The armillary sphere is one of the most famous badges. The opinion that this image of a navigation device visualizes Portugal is an anachronism. In Europe the armillary sphere was used not only in Portugal. Models of the celestial structure based on the concept of the sphericity of the universe have a long tradition. In the 15th — 16th centuries the armillary sphere served as a designation of the highest imperial ambitions and appeared in various contexts related to messianism and the interpretation of biblical prophecy. The armillary sphere is a conceptual model of the cosmos structure, its physical, spiritual, and political sides. By the end of the 15th century the armillary sphere became a stable representation of the universe — an image full of Christian meaning, which had a pan-European distribution and pan-European significance. The image of the sphere is a visualization of the highest European values of that time, an example of which is the use of it by Elizabeth I and her entourage.

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8

Li, Shu-yue. "Innovative Application of the Artistic Modeling of Ancient Chinese Astronomical Instruments in Modern Design: A Case Study of the Armillary Sphere." International Journal of Arts and Humanities Studies 4, no. 1 (January 5, 2024): 01–08. http://dx.doi.org/10.32996/ijahs.2024.4.1.1.

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Ancient Chinese astronomical instruments, exemplifying classical Chinese traditional artefact design, represent a perfect amalgamation of ancient China's advanced scientific and technological prowess with the aesthetic philosophy underlying traditional Chinese artefact creation. Their scientific and artistic values are considerable and should not be underestimated. This research introduces these instruments' concepts, design characteristics, and innovative application cases, mainly focusing on the armillary sphere from an artistic design perspective. This research employs a mixed-methods approach, including surveys, literature reviews, and systematic analysis; the research examines the instruments' design features and cultural significance. The objective of the study is to highlight the armillary sphere's potential as a source of inspiration across various modern design domains, such as sculpture and installation, fashion accessory design and stage performance. The study concludes that reinterpreting these ancient astronomical instruments in modern design not only preserves cultural heritage but also encourages cross-border innovation. This fusion approach offers new perspectives for designers, blending traditional Chinese culture with contemporary design practice. Future research is suggested to explore the integration and wider application of ancient Chinese astronomical instruments in modern design.

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9

Yoichi, Isahaya. "From Alamut to Dadu: Jamāl al-Dīn’s Armillary Sphere on the Mongol Silk Roads." Acta Orientalia Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 74, no. 1 (April 9, 2021): 65–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/062.2021.00003.

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This article aims to shed light on a hitherto unknown transmission route of the astral sciences from Alamut to Dadu (Beijing). I argue that the huntianyi 渾天儀, an armillary sphere, which Jamāl al-Dīn dedicated to Qubilai in 1267, was designed in Alamut – the main stronghold of the Nizārī Ismāʿīlīs – on the grounds that the instrument was set to Alamut’s latitude. After its fall in 1256, the armillary sphere traversed the Mongol Silk Roads. The Dastūr al-munajjimīn, an Arabic work of the Nizārī Ismāʿīlīs, functions as the missing link in this West-to-East transmission.

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10

Kim, Sang-Hyuk, Yong-Sam Lee, and Moon-Hyon Nam. "ON THE ARMILLARY SPHERE OF NAM BYEONG-CHEOL-II: Translation of a chapter on how to use an armillary sphere in Uigijipseol." Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences 23, no. 1 (March 1, 2006): 71–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.5140/jass.2006.23.1.071.

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11

Kuzmin, Andrei Valentinovich. "The possibility of an armillary sphere and the cosmology of Anaximander." Философская мысль, no. 2 (February 2022): 24–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.25136/2409-8728.2022.2.28829.

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The article is devoted to the identification of the fundamental principles of the philosophical explanation of the existence of the Sky вЂ“ Cosmos вЂ“ Universe, according to the teachings of Anaximander (c. 611-546 BC). The problem of determining the specifics of the philosophical explanation of the existence of the Sky вЂ“ Cosmos of Anaximander and its influence on the formation of the structure of the cosmographic and zodiac model is considered. The article also provides answers to the questions: what is the specificity of the philosophical stage of cognition of the Cosmos and its difference from the mythological stage; how the fundamental principles and cosmological model influenced the creation of the early astrometric model of the Sky вЂ“ Cosmos (armillary sphere). In this paper, for the first time, a comparative analysis of sources related to the subject of research, a method of comparative analysis of models of the SkyвЂ“CosmosвЂ“Universe of the pre-theoretical and theoretical period, and a critical analysis of previously published works of domestic and foreign scientists are used. The reconstruction of possible technical prototypes of fragments of the Anaximander cosmological model and selfвЂ“valuable fragments of the armillary sphere was carried out for the first time; the fundamental principles of the existence of the Sky of the Anaximander Sky-Space model were revealed for the first time. The presented study also shows for the first time the connection between the possibility of creating a mechanical model of celestial circles with figurative descriptions of the sky in ancient literary sources.

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12

Tadic, Milutin, and Zorica Prnjat. "Self-orienting armillary dial of the Professor Radovan Danic." Glasnik Srpskog geografskog drustva 100, no. 1 (2020): 73–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/gsgd2001073t.

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Prof. Radovan Danic, PhD (1893-1979), an honorary lifetime President of the Astronomical Society Rudjer Boskovic in Belgrade, owned a brass universal equinoctial ring sundial (98 mm in diameter), preserved by his descendants, who continued his work on popularizing astronomy through the activities of the society. The sundial (ring dial) was measured, tested and compared to similar portable sundials (pocket sundials) exhibited in various European museums. In the classification scheme, along with the Parmenion?s and astronomical rings, it belongs to a group of pocket armillary sundials that do not require a compass. More precisely, it is a self-orienting armillary sundial whose rings are located under the circles of the celestial sphere of the same name at the moment of measurement. Therefore, when the apparent solar time is known, it turns into a solar compass. A corresponding sundial on the horizon to the self-orienting armillary sundial is the analemmatic sundial. The construction of a self-orienting armillary sundial was first described in the late 16th century by the English mathematician William Oughtred (1574-1660). In collaboration with the gnomonists from England and Austria, we determined where and when Professor Danic?s sundial was constructed: Vienna, second quarter of the 18th century. Originally, the sundial was adjusted for the latitude of Belgrade or Zemun (nowadays, a Belgrade municipality), which were under the Austrian rule for a long time during the 18th century. It is a beautiful, well-crafted, well-preserved, expensive sundial and astronomical instrument that should be kept in a museum, in the first place in the Museum of Astronomy of the Astronomical Observatory in Belgrade.

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13

Gangui, Alejandro, Roberto Casazza, and Carlos Paez. "From the Scale Model of the Sky to the Armillary Sphere." Physics Teacher 52, no. 7 (October 2014): 403–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1119/1.4895354.

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14

Hirose, Sho. "Two Versions of a Description of the Armillary Sphere in Parameśvara'sGoladīpikā." Centaurus 58, no. 1-2 (February 2016): 66–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1600-0498.12113.

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15

Otisk, Marek. "Gerbertův úvod do geocentrické astronomie." Teorie vědy / Theory of Science 32, no. 2 (January 5, 2011): 507–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.46938/tv.2010.33.

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This paper deals with four astronomical tools made and used by Gerbert of Aurillac, archbishop of Rheims and Ravenna, abbot of Bobbio and in 999–1003 pope (under the name Sylvester II.). Gerbert taught quadrivium mainly in Rheims and from his pupil Richer of Rheims (chronicle Historiarum libri quatuor) and from Gerbert’s letters (addresed to his friend and pupil Constantine of Fleury) we know four of his tools, which offered simple and illustrative introduction to the geocentric system of the world: 1. the globe of the world sphere with an adjustable horizon; 2. the observational hemisphere with five parallel circles of world sphere (two polar circles, two tropics and equator); 3. the planetary sphere with zodiac and orbits of planets on the inside and 4. the armillary sphere with stars and constellations on the outside.

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16

Zhang, Jia, Yao-Ting Sung, Huei-Tse Hou, and Kuo-En Chang. "The development and evaluation of an augmented reality-based armillary sphere for astronomical observation instruction." Computers & Education 73 (April 2014): 178–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2014.01.003.

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17

Raposo, Pedro M. P. "Recounting the Orbs." Nuncius 35, no. 2 (September 10, 2020): 274–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18253911-03502005.

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Abstract This paper explores how the idea of discovery in astronomy gained a footing in the production and use of planetary models. It focuses on the period 1780–1850, during which the number of known bodies in the solar system increased concomitantly with a growing market for didactic instruments and toys. Specific examples of tridimensional models are discussed, in order to illustrate two main themes: the orrery as a changeable planetary model open to the choices of consumers and users, and the development of the armillary sphere from its original Ptolemaic configuration to a Copernican design suitable to incorporate newly found orbs. It is argued that the idea of discovery as applied to the realm of educational planetary models entailed marketing advantages, but also raised issues of credibility and posed challenges concerning the exactness, functionality, and actuality of models.

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18

Missinne, Stefaan. "America’s Name Baptized on a Globe in 1510. Leonardo da Vinci’s Blueprint for the Jagiellonian Armillary Sphere Discovered." Advances in Historical Studies 10, no. 01 (2021): 93–133. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/ahs.2021.101008.

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19

Ricci, Patricia. "Lux et Tenebris: Etienne-Louis Boullée’s Cenotaph for Sir Isaac Newton." Culture and Cosmos 08, no. 0102 (October 2004): 355–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.46472/cc.01208.0253.

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In 1784 the visionary French architect Etienne-Louis Boullée (1728– 1799) designed a colossal monument to Isaac Newton (1642–1727) that was both a cenotaph and a planetarium. A tribute to Newton’s contributions to astronomy, the building was conceived as a microcosm in which the night sky would be visible by day and the daytime sky by night. Entering the ‘center of gravity’ of a vast hollow globe set in cylindrical tiers, the viewer would experience the virtual reality of the starry heavens created by natural light sparkling through shafts in the exterior of the masonry sphere. At night, the interior would be transformed into day by a luminous artificial sun suspended from the vault in an armillary sphere. Belonging to the brotherhood of freemasons whose motto was ‘lux ex tenebri’ or ‘light out of darkness’, Boullée believed in the mystical origins of knowledge. His monument was a vindication of Newton whose law of universal gravitation had been attacked as ‘occult’ by Leibniz and others. Boullée’s design can be traced to Archimedes, who was the son of an astronomer and the inventor of the first planetarium c. 250 BCE. Archimedes’ tomb in Syracuse was surmounted with a sphere inside a cylinder representing his discovery of the formulas for finding their volumes and surface areas. The Newton cenotaph was also a development of the Gottorp Globe (1654-1664), a revolving planetarium made of a pierced hollow sphere that held twelve people. Although the enormity of Boullée’s plan was impossible to construct in the eighteenth century, architects treasured his evocative drawings. More than 200 years later, the architect James Stewart Polshek acknowledged the Newton cenotaph as the inspiration for his design for the planetarium of the Rose Center for Earth and Space in New York.

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20

Zezong, Xi. "The Characteristics of Ancient China’s Astronomy." International Astronomical Union Colloquium 91 (1987): 33–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0252921100105834.

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What are the characteristics of ancient China’s astronomy? Many scholars have discussed the problem. In 1939 Herbert Chatley summed up fifteen points. Joseph Needham(1959) in his great work Science and civilisation in China concentrated it into seven points. 1the elaboration of a polar and equatorial system strikingly different from that of the Hellenistic peoples;2the early conception of an infinite universe, with the stars as bodies floating in empty space;3the development of quantitative positional astronomy and star catalogues two centuries before any other civilisation of which comparable works have come down to us;4the use in these catalogues of equatorial coordinates, and a faithfulness to them extending over two millennia;5the elaboration, in steadily increasing complexity, of astronomical instruments, culminating in the 13th century invention of the equatorial mounting, as an ‘adapted torquetum’ or ‘dissected’ armillary sphere;6the invention of the clock drive for that forerunner of the telescope, the sighting tube, and a number of ingenious mechanical devices ancillary to astronomical instruments;7the maintenance, for longer continuous periods than any other civilisation, of accurate records of celestial phenomena, such as eclipses, comets, Sunspots, etc.

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21

Yevgenia Mihaylovna, Lupanova, and Yastrebinskiy Grigiriy Borisovich. "Peter the Great’s scientific instruments in the collections of Kunstkamera." Vestnik of Saint Petersburg State University of Culture, no. 2 (55) (2023): 35–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.30725/2619-0303-2023-2-35-43.

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The history of modern collections of MAE (Kunstkamera) RAS roots to Peter the Great’s private gatherings. However, the ascertainment of correlation of modern museum objects with the ones which were in the museum in the first quarter of the 18th century demands complicated research – work with the objects, archival documents and historiographical background. Results of this kind of work with scientific instruments are presented in the current article. The research leads to the conclusion that seven objects presented at modern expositions can be surely determined as originating from Peter the Great’s collections: the Great Gottorf (Academic) globe, armillary sphere, lens, two sundials, goniometer and protractor. Twenty-five more instruments can be also associated with Peter the Great’s collections, but the discovery of additional documentary evidence is hardly possible. They are compasses, telescopes, backstaff and a row of drawing instruments (compasses, protractors, rulers, angles, levels and pens). Some museum objects (such as B. Scott’s boussole and N. G. Chizhov’s sundial) came to the memorial Emperor’s cabinet in the second half of the 18th – first half of the 19th century by mistake, they could not be made in the first quarter of the 18th century.

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22

Chassagne, Pierre, Elias Bou-Saïd, Ario Ceccotti, Jean-François Jullien, and Marco Togni. "The contribution of numerical simulation for the diagnosis of the conservation of art objects: Application to Antonio Santucci's armillary sphere of the 16th century." Journal of Cultural Heritage 8, no. 3 (July 2007): 215–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.culher.2007.04.001.

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23

Taborska, Małgorzata. "Złoty Globus Jagielloński ze zbiorów Muzeum Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego – niezwykły obiekt z fascynującą historią." Opuscula Musealia 27 (2021): 39–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4467/20843852.om.20.003.13742.

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The Golden Jagiellonian Globe from the Jagiellonian University Museum Collection – an unusual object with a fascinating history “The Golden Jagiellonian Globe” (early 16th century; in the collection of the Jagiellonian University Museum) is the earliest globe of the Earth in the Polish collections and one of the oldest in the world. The oldest known globe of the Earth was made by Martin Behaim in 1492. The second in order are two globes from the same period: the Hunt-Lenox Globe (c. 1510, now in the New York Public Library) and the Jagiellonian Globe. Despite its name, the Jagiellonian Globe is an astronomical instrument – a mechanical armillary sphere. On the orb hiding the mechanism there is a map of the Earth, dated 1510–1511. This object has been sparsely analysed, especially in the last decades. Those analysis that were performed have until now mainly focused on the depicted map and the typology of particular details, though there are also studies on its operation and provenance. Research performed in the 21st century focused on WWII history of the globe.A preliminary analysis of the sphere and the clock mechanism allows a connection with French products from Blois near Paris. The map of the globe, associated with the Italian centre, presents information on geographical discoveries of the time, based on maps by Martin Waldseemüller and letters by Amerigo Vespucci, published in the edition of Ptolemy’s Geography (Saint-Dié, 1507). The map is a twin to the layout of the lands and seas depicted on Hunt-Lenox’s Globe. It is distinguished by a mysterious continent-island, noted on the Kraków globe as “America Noviter Reperta.” The provenance of the globe is known since the 17th century, when the Kraków professor, Jan Brożek, donated it to the Collegium Maius library of the Jagiellonian University. Its fate during World War II, when it was hidden from the Nazis by docent Jadwiga Schoen, is extraordinary. After the war, the globe found its way to the Jagiellonian University Museum, where it has been exhibited ever since.

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24

Chaschatzis, Christos, Chrysoula Karaiskou, Efstathios G. Mouratidis, Evangelos Karagiannis, and Panagiotis G. Sarigiannidis. "Detection and Characterization of Stressed Sweet Cherry Tissues Using Machine Learning." Drones 6, no. 1 (December 22, 2021): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/drones6010003.

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Recent technological developments in the primary sector and machine learning algorithms allow the combined application of many promising solutions in precision agriculture. For example, the YOLOv5 (You Only Look Once) and ResNet Deep Learning architecture provide high-precision real-time identifications of objects. The advent of datasets from different perspectives provides multiple benefits, such as spheric view of objects, increased information, and inference results from multiple objects detection per image. However, it also raises crucial obstacles such as total identifications (ground truths) and processing concerns that can lead to devastating consequences, including false-positive detections with other erroneous conclusions or even the inability to extract results. This paper introduces experimental results from the machine learning algorithm (Yolov5) on a novel dataset based on perennial fruit crops, such as sweet cherries, aiming to enhance precision agriculture resiliency. Detection is oriented on two points of interest: (a) Infected leaves and (b) Infected branches. It is noteworthy that infected leaves or branches indicate stress, which may be due to either a stress/disease (e.g., Armillaria for sweet cherries trees, etc.) or other factors (e.g., water shortage, etc). Correspondingly, the foliage of a tree shows symptoms, while this indicates the stages of the disease.

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25

Major, John S. "Mingtang and Buddhist Utopias in the History of the Astronomical Clock: The Tower, Statue and Armillary Sphere Constructed by Empress Wu. By Antonino Forte. Roma: Istituto Italiana per il Medio ed Estremo Oriente; Paris: Ecole Française d'Extrême-Orient, 1988. xiv, 333 pp." Journal of Asian Studies 51, no. 3 (August 1992): 643–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2057970.

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26

Cullen, Christopher. "Antonino Forte: Mingtang and Buddhist Utopias in the history of the astronomical clock: the tower, statue and armillary sphere constructed by Empress Wu. (Serie Orientale Roma, Vol. LIX. Publications de l’EFEO, Vol. CXLV.) xiii, 333 pp. Rome: Istituto Italiano per il Medio ed Estremo Oriente; Paris: Ecole Française d’Extrême-Orient, Paris: 1988." Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies 54, no. 3 (October 1991): 610–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0041977x00001269.

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27

Fang, Flavia Xi. "Scent, Art and Astronomy: New Light on Tang Incense Spheres and Their Global Connections." Medieval History Journal, April 30, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/09719458231226000.

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This paper explores the cultural and scientific connections between China, India and Iran through examining a specific type of incense burner with a gimbal device. Similar artefacts have been found in Tang China (618–907 ce), Seljuk (1037–1194 ce) and Mamluk (1250–1517 ce) Central/West Asia, and Renaissance Europe, while textual references complicate the historical narrative. Additionally, the structural resemblance of the object to an armillary sphere and its inner gimbal device add scientific significance. By examining these objects in connection with each other, and thoroughly analysing the relevant sources, this paper argues for an earlier and continuous circulation of these artefacts. It pays close attention to the cultural significance and material features of Tang incense spheres, revealing them as multicultural items potentially influenced by Persian and Central Asian production or importation.

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28

Marr, Alexander. "An Early Impresa Miniature: Man in an Armillary Sphere (1569)." British Art Studies, no. 17 (September 30, 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.17658/issn.2058-5462/issue-17/amarr.

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