Relevant bibliographies by topics / Armor making

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Armor making'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 2 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Armor making"

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Yang, D., and X. Chen. "Multi-layer pattern creation for seamless front female body armor panel using angle-interlock woven fabrics." Textile Research Journal 87, no. 3 (July 21, 2016): 381–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0040517516631315.

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Angle-interlock woven fabric offers an option for making female body armor as it can form integrally the required dome shapes because of its extraordinary moldability and satisfactory ballistic performance. A mathematical model is created to determine the pattern geometry for the front panel of female body armor, and the front panel can be quickly created using this mathematical model. However, the body armor is multi-layer, which indicates that the relationship between the thickness of the fabric and the pattern block projection for different layers of fabric needs to be investigated, in order to create the whole panel, to improve this novel approach for making seamless female body armor with satisfactory ballistic performance.
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Radovanović, Marko, Aleksandar Milić, and Milan Stevanović. "Analysis of anti-armor missile systems using the hybrid model AHP-VIKOR method of multi-criteria decision-making." Serbian Journal of Engineering Management 6, no. 1 (2021): 37–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/sjem2101037r.

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The paper presents the selection of the best anti-armor missile system, as a significant weapon whose basic task is to neutralize tanks, armored combat and non -combat vehicles at different firing distances. The complexity of the problem is conditioned by the different tactical and technical characteristics of anti-tank missile systems and the specific conditions of their application have conditioned the application of the model of multi-criteria decision-making. The selection of the most favorable anti-armor missile system was realized using the hybrid model AHP -VIKOR. Using the AHP method, the values of the criterion coefficients were calculated. The VIKOR method was used to select the most favorable alternative (anti-armor missile system). Based on the obtained results, a set of compromise solutions was defined, on the basis of which the decision maker can decide on the selection of the best anti-armor missile system.
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Yaiphuak, Thawatchai, Sujin Wanchat, and Nattapon Chantarapanich. "Feasibility Study of Selecting Soft Components of Body Armor." Key Engineering Materials 775 (August 2018): 32–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.775.32.

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A body armor is vital for users in combat filed. Normally, the body armor have two components: soft and hard ones. This paper proposes feasibility assessment technique to evaluate contemporary materials: Kevlar, natural spider silk, and human hair, for making soft component of the body armor. There are four criteria: technical, economic, legal, and operational feasibilities to generate the feasibility assessment matrix. The optimal material in question is human hair which has highest rank at 82%.
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He, Xiao Dong, Xiang Hao Kong, Li Ping Shi, and Ming Wei Li. "High-Frequency Vibration Response of Metal Honeycomb Sandwich Structure." Advanced Materials Research 79-82 (August 2009): 1727–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.79-82.1727.

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ARMOR TPS panel is above the whole ARMOR TPS, and the metal honeycomb sandwich structure is the surface of the ARMOR TPS panel. So the metal honeycomb sandwich structure plays an important role in the ARMOR TPS, while it bears the flight dynamic pressure and stands against the flight dynamic calefaction. So the active environment of metal honeycomb sandwich structure is very formidable. We have to discuss any extreme situation, for reason of making sure aerial vehicle is safe. And high-frequency vibration is one of active environment. In this paper we have analyzed high-frequency vibration response of metal honeycomb sandwich structure. We processed high-frequency vibration experiment by simulating true aerial environment. Sequentially we operated high-frequency vibration experiment of metal honeycomb sandwich structure with cracks, notches and holes. Then finite-element analysis was performed by way of validating the experiment results. Haynes214 is a good high temperature alloy material of both face sheet and core at present, so we choose it in this paper.
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Stanislawek, S., A. Morka, and T. Niezgoda. "Pyramidal ceramic armor ability to defeat projectile threat by changing its trajectory." Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences Technical Sciences 63, no. 4 (December 1, 2015): 843–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/bpasts-2015-0096.

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Abstract This paper presents a numerical study of a multilayer composite panel impacted by an AP (Armor Piercing) 14.5×114 mm B32 projectile. The composite consists of alternating layers of hard ceramic and a ductile aluminum alloy. While the alloy layer consists of typical plate, ceramics confront projectiles in the form of ceramic pyramids. The studied models are compared with a reference structure, which is a standard double layer panel. The problem has been solved with the usage of modeling and simulation methods as well as a finite elements method implemented in LS-DYNA software. Space discretization for each option was built with three dimensional elements ensuring satisfying accuracy of the calculations. For material behavior simulation, specific models including the influence of the strain rate and temperature changes were considered. A steel projectile and aluminum plate material were described by the Johnson-Cook model and a ceramic target by the Johnson-Holmquist model. The obtained results indicate that examined structures can be utilized as a lightweight ballistic armor in certain conditions. However, panels consisting of sets of ceramic prisms are a little easier to penetrate. Despite this fact, a ceramic layer is much less susceptible to overall destruction, making it more applicable for the armor usage. What is most important in this study is that significant projectile trajectory deviation is detected, depending on the impact point. Such an effect may be utilized in solutions, where a target is situated relatively far from an armor.
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Pleshchenko, V. I. "Steel making cities of labor prowess: historical memory and new opportunities." Ferrous Metallurgy. Bulletin of Scientific , Technical and Economic Information 76, no. 8 (September 3, 2020): 775–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.32339/0135-5910-2020-8-775-779.

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In the beginning of 2020 in Russia an honorary title “Сity of labor prowess” was established, which was awarded to the cities, citizens of which made a significant contribution to reaching the Victory of the USSR in the Great Patriotic War of 1941– 1945. The cities to receive the new title ensured an uninterrupted production of war and civil products at plants during the war time and the citizens showed mass labor heroism and selflessness, confirmed by awarding of plants and workers by state rewards as well as presentation of challenge Red Flags of State Defense Committee. On July 2, 2020 the new title was awarded to 20 cities, among which were many centers of steel industry, in particular, Magnitogorsk, Chelyabinsk, Nizhny Tagil, Novosibirsk, Izhevsk, Novokuznetsk. Steel industry in war years provided the needs of the country and the Red Army by all kinds of metals. Steel plants within a short time managed to arrange a wide-scale production of armor plates, gun, shell, armor-piercer steels and other new for them high quality alloyed steels , necessary for production of armament and war machinery. Besides, at the steel plants a production of ammunition and utilities for weapon and war machinery was mastered. The title “City of labor prowess” is a “civil” analogue of the title “City of military velour”. Despite this status does not envisages any material stimulation of citizens and additional financing of a city, receiving of it will enable not only to preserve the historical memory and to show respect to heroic forefathers, but also give a new pulse to development of regions, as well as will attract attention of mass media, business and federal authorities and will increase the tourist attractiveness.
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Karl, Janis, Franziska Kirsch, Norbert Faderl, Leonhard Perko, and Teresa Fras. "Optimizing Viscoelastic Properties of Rubber Compounds for Ballistic Applications." Applied Sciences 10, no. 21 (November 5, 2020): 7840. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10217840.

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Using interlayers of rubber adds a positive effect to the synergy of disruptor–absorber armors. Emerging from its viscoelasticity the material is able to transform mechanical stress into heat. The dynamic mechanical properties of elastomers depend on both ambient temperature and frequency of an applied mechanical load. The damping shows a maximum in the glass transition area. If the frequency of the glass transition is in the magnitude of the mechanical stress rate applied by ballistic impact, the elastomer will undergo the transition and thus show maximized damping. An ideal material for ballistic protection against small calibers is developed by making use of dynamic mechanical analysis and the time–temperature superposition principle. The material is later analyzed by ballistic experiments and compared to other nonideal rubbers with regard to glass transition temperature, hardness and damping. It is shown that by choosing a material correctly with certain glass transition temperature and hardness, the ballistic properties of a steel–rubber–aluminum armor can be enhanced. The chosen material (butyl rubber) with a hardness of 50 °ShA is able to enhance energy absorption during ballistic impact by around 8%, which is twice as good as other rubber with non-optimized properties.
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Chen, Y. L., and H. C. Chen. "The Numerical Method as Applied to Impact Resistance Analysis of Ogival Nose Projectiles on 6061-T651 Aluminum Plates." Journal of Mechanics 28, no. 4 (October 16, 2012): 715–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jmech.2012.119.

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ABSTRACTThis research takes the resistance formula of spherical cavity expansion theory as its foundation. It establishes a predictive model of the residual velocity, ballistic limit velocity, and penetration depth of ogival nose projectiles striking metal target plates at high speed. They are aimed at 6061-T651 aluminum plates of different thicknesses using the iterative algorithm of the numerical method, thereby investigating the theoretical calculation of the residual velocity, penetration depth, ballistic limit velocity, and changes in resistance of ogival nose projectiles when making a normal impact target. In addition to analyzing the resistance undergone by the projectile nose section, this predictive model also considers the effects of friction resistance of the projectile shank section. In this research, we also used the finite element software LS-DYNA to perform a simulated analysis on the penetration depth of the aluminum plate after normal perforation by ogival nose projectiles. Ballistic test experiments were then performed using 0.30” AP (armor piercing) bullets. Finally, a comparative analysis was performed based on the theoretical model, experiments, and numerical simulation results.
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Pchelov, Evgeniy V. "Sources on the Title Heraldry of the Tsardom of Muscovy of the 16th – the First Half of the 17th Century." Herald of an archivist, no. 4 (2018): 971–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.28995/2073-0101-2018-4-971-983.

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The article is devoted to the analysis of sources containing information on the land heraldry of the Tsardom of Moscovy, which reflected territorial title of the Russian rulers. The historiography usually mentions 5–6 artefacts and pictorial sources with images of such coats of arms. In fact, the complex of these sources can be significantly expanded. The author has managed to collect information about ten artefacts, two visual and four written sources, which allow to follow the evolution of the title heraldry in pre-Petrine Russia starting from the 16th century. Furthermore, two seals descriptions containing information about land coats of arms remain unpublished. The analysis of sources leads to the following conclusions. The beginning of the Russian title heraldry dates back to the reign of Ivan the Terrible. It was probably connected with refining of his territorial titles after the Livonian War. The Great Seal of Ivan the Terrible (late 1570s) has a set of title seals with images, most of them quite simple. These emblems reflect mainly natural or economic features of specific lands. Some emblems are purely symbolic, some borrow directly from Western European heraldry. These title emblems (called seals prior to the 18th century) continued up to the Romanovs’ reign. For instance, the front of the seal of Ivan the Terrible became a source for title emblems reproduced on the armor of Pseudo-Demetrius I, which was made by Western European masters. They probably took their cue from an imprint of the front side of the seal sent with the order. Emblems from the reverse side of the seal were not reproduced on the armor. Under Mikhail Fyodorovich (apparently, in late 1620s) the complex of title emblems underwent its first significant transformation. Some emblems continued to the end of the 16th century, some were formed anew. The new system of title emblems translated into a description of seals made after the Moscow fire of 1626. This document is also yet unpublished. The reform of the title seals may have been associated with making of a new complex of royal regalia in late 1620s. The new seals appeared in the composition of the cover for tsar’s saadak (quiver), which, apparently, was made at the same time.
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Radonovich, Lewis J., Trish M. Perl, Victoria Davey, and Howard Cohen. "Preventing the Soldiers of Health Care From Becoming Victims on the Pandemic Battlefield: Respirators or Surgical Masks as the Armor of Choice." Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness 3, S2 (December 2009): S203—S210. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/dmp.0b013e3181be830c.

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ABSTRACTThe respiratory protective equipment necessary to protect health care workers from the novel swine-origin influenza A (H1N1) virus is not known. The knowledge gap created by this unanswered question has caused substantial debate and controversy on a global scale, leading public health organizations to feel pressured into issuing decisive recommendations despite a lack of supportive data. Changes in clinical practice caused by public health guidance during such high-profile events can be expected to establish a new standard of care. Also possible is an unforeseen gradual transition to widespread N95 respirator use, driven by public health pressures instead of science, for all outbreaks of influenza or influenza-like illness. Therefore, public health organizations and other influential institutions should take care to avoid making changes to established practice standards, if possible, unless these changes are bolstered by sound scientific evidence. Until definitive comparative effectiveness clinical trials are conducted, the answer to this question will continue to remain elusive. In the meantime, relying on ethical principles that have been substantiated over time may help guide public health and clinical decisions. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2009;3(Suppl 2):S203–S210)
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Armor making"

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Lindsey, Gwendolyn Sweezey. "USING THE DESIGN PROCESS AS A MODEL FOR WRITING A GUIDE TO MAKING MAILLE ARMOUR." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1138055091.

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吳宏政. "The Purpose of Making Armor." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/96958009911609333451.

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碩士
國立臺南藝術大學
應用藝術研究所
97
“Armor” is the tool which carries a variety of historical meanings. In addition to the original purpose of defense, the armor has been progressively endowed by people with multi-dimensional contents; politics, religions and economics are all closely linked to it. After probing more deeply into the comparison between the inner self and the armor, the existing thoughts and concepts have been gradually cast off. Further, more viewpoints in respect of “Relative Perception Gap” are taken into consideration. This article coheres with “Animal” as the leading character, and its main structure comprises four portions. Chapter 1 is mainly to expound the two axes “Animal” and “Armor” during the process of creation. Chapter 2 starts from the “Animal”, further leading in the meaning of “Armor”, and to describe their (or my) stories. Chapter 3 then reverses the original concept of armor regarding “Protection”, and however reveals the feeling of “Constraint” in order to discuss the perception gap among individuals. The final chapter is to introduce manufacturing skills that the author commonly utilizes, which can be the references for readers.
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Books on the topic "Armor making"

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Valentine, Rob. The art of making armour: A craftsman's guide to creating authentic armour reproductions. Baltimore, Md: American Literary Press, 2000.

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The art of making armour: A craftman's guide to creating authentic armour reporductions. Baltimore, Md: American Literary Press, 2000.

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Patrick, O'Brien. The making of a knight: How Sir James earned his armor. Watertown, MA: Charlesbridge, 1998.

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Jaime, Kaminski, ed. Roman imperial armour: The production of early imperial military armour. Oakville, CT: Oxbow Books, 2012.

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Brewer, M. The art of mail armor: Construction and design. Deming, N.M. (4305 Overhill Dr., Deming, N.M. 88030): Mary Brewer, 1998.

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Brewer, M. The art of mail armor: How to make your own. Boulder, Colo: Paladin Press, 2002.

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Price, Brian R. Techniques of medieval armour reproduction: The 14th century. Boulder, Colo: Paladin Press, 2000.

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Peckham, Howard Henry. The making of the University of Michigan, 1817-1992. Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan, Bentley Historical Library, 1994.

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England and Wales. Sovereign (1625-1649 : Charles I). By the King: Whereas there hath fallen out an interruption of amitie betweene the Kings Maiestie and the most Christian king .. Imprinted at London: By Bonham Norton and Iohn Bill ..., 1985.

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1950-, Fliegel Stephen N., and Cleveland Museum of Art, eds. The making of armor. [Cleveland, Ohio: Cleveland Museum of Art, 1992.

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Book chapters on the topic "Armor making"

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Christoff, Alicia Mireles. "Aliveness." In Novel Relations, 153–91. Princeton University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691193106.003.0005.

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This chapter focuses on Middlemarch and Betty Joseph and Paula Heimann that are concerned with how people fend off feelings of weariness in order to make the world, closest relationships, and long novels feel ardent, energized, and alive. It talks about aliveness by highlighting the shift in the novel from the ardor of a Saint Teresa to the weariness of her modern counterparts. The novel uses weariness, most strikingly embodied in the aging scholar Casaubon, to describe the exhausting task of understanding others as well as the difficulty of reading the novel itself. While “weary experience” threatens to suffuse the entire novel, from syntax to structure, ardor and a second affective term, aliveness, describe the feelings created by the paired activities of metaphor-making and idealization in the novel. The narrative voice highlights both the capacity of life to feel empty, dull, deadened, and meaningless and its own power to reanimate it.
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Iglesias Rodriguez, Gregorio, Alberte Castro Ponte, Rodrigo Carballo Sanchez, and Miguel Ángel Losada Rodriguez. "Artificial Intelligence and Rubble-Mound Breakwater Stability." In Machine Learning, 1499–506. IGI Global, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-60960-818-7.ch519.

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Breakwaters are coastal structures constructed to shelter a harbour basin from waves. There are two main types: rubble-mound breakwaters, consisting of various layers of stones or concrete pieces of different sizes (weights), making up a porous mound; and vertical breakwaters, impermeable and monolythic, habitually composed of concrete caissons. This article deals with rubble-mound breakwaters. A typical rubble-mound breakwater consists of an armour layer, a filter layer and a core. For the breakwater to be stable, the armour layer units (stones or concrete pieces) must not be removed by wave action. Stability is basically achieved by weight. Certain types of concrete pieces are capable of achieving a high degree of interlocking, which contributes to stability by impeding the removal of a single unit. The forces that an armour unit must withstand under wave action depend on the hydrodynamics on the breakwater slope, which are extremely complex due to wave breaking and the porous nature of the structure. A detailed description of the flow has not been achieved until now, and it is unclear whether it will be in the future in view of the turbulent phenomena involved. Therefore the instantaneous force exerted on an armour unit is not, at least for the time being, amenable to determination by means of a numerical model of the flow. For this reason, empirical formulations are used in rubble-mound design, calibrated on the basis of laboratory tests of model structures. However, these formulations cannot take into account all the aspects affecting the stability, mainly because the inherent complexity of the problem does not lend itself to a simple treatment. Consequently the empirical formulations are used as a predesign tool, and physical model tests in a wave flume of the particular design in question under the pertinent sea climate conditions are de rigueur, except for minor structures. The physical model tests naturally integrate all the complexity of the problem. Their drawback lies in that they are expensive and time consuming. In this article, Artificial Neural Networks are trained and tested with the results of stability tests carried out on a model breakwater. They are shown to reproduce very closely the behaviour of the physical model in the wave flume. Thus an ANN model, if trained and tested with sufficient data, may be used in lieu of the physical model tests. A virtual laboratory of this kind will save time and money with respect to the conventional procedure.
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Attebery, Jennifer Eastman. "On Swedish Soil in Grove and Arbor: Private Celebrations in a Middle Landscape." In Pole Raising and Speech Making: Modalities of Swedish American Summer Celebration, 112–28. University Press of Colorado, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.7330/9780874219999.c006.

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Sharma, Shaurya, and Shivankar Sharma. "Redefining the 21st Century Labor Paradigm." In Handbook of Research on Unemployment and Labor Market Sustainability in the Era of Globalization, 17–33. IGI Global, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-2008-5.ch002.

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At a time when the Indian subcontinent is beset with a burgeoning population, rapid urbanization, and high disposable incomes, the Indian economy is at a precarious stage of balancing demand uncertainties with pressures to minimize bottom line costs. As a consequence, there is great reliance on a dynamic workforce, which comprises of temporary, contract, and casual laborers referred to as the contingent workforce. A talent war is looming on the horizon and employers need to buckle up their workforce armory with an unparalleled employee value proposition, making the business landscape a tricky vehicle to maneuver. A robust strategic framework bolstered by prudent workforce management will aid an organization to fulfill its goals while isolating it from any legal liability. Technology can be used to leverage data analytically for job assessment and aid in seamless project execution. In sum, an approach sensitive to the legal, technological and psychological pillars of managing workers provides a comprehensive mechanism to counter issues associated with contingent workforce management.
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Price, Kenneth M. "Whitman, Washington, and the Convulsiveness of Civil War." In Whitman in Washington, 1–22. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198840930.003.0001.

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In the Civil War, more wounded soldiers were treated in Washington, DC, than in any other city, and Whitman, a visitor to dozens of hospitals, gravitated toward the epicenter of suffering. He returned repeatedly to Armory Square Hospital, which hosted the worst cases and had the highest death rate. At a time of unprecedented maiming and killing, Whitman engaged in the work of healing. Leaves of Grass, his poetic masterpiece, intertwined the physical bodies of men and women and the symbolic body of the nation and saw in both a capacity to embrace contradictions and diversity while still remaining united and whole. Both the nation and Whitman’s poetic project were at risk as he confronted innumerable broken and battered bodies. In this new context, he reassessed the possibilities for poetry, the future of democracy, and even the efficacy of affection, a quality that he had always believed sustained civil society. Faced with massive destruction, in what ways did Whitman succeed and fail in making meaning of it, in finding reasons for hope?
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Johnson, Matthew. "Introduction." In Undermining Racial Justice, 1–8. Cornell University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.7591/cornell/9781501748585.003.0001.

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This introductory chapter provides an overview of how elite universities responded to black campus activists by making racial inclusion and inequality compatible, focusing on the University of Michigan (UM). Since the 1960s, UM has gained national recognition for its racial inclusion programs. University and college leaders from around the country began visiting Ann Arbor because they saw UM as a model of inclusion. For the same reason, opponents of affirmative action and racial sensitivity training targeted UM in op-eds, books, and lawsuits. Given UM's reputation, it was no surprise when the university found itself at the center of two of the most famous affirmative action lawsuits of the twenty-first century: Gratz v. Bollinger and Grutter v. Bollinger (2003). In the eyes of black students, however, UM has never represented a model of racial inclusion. Black students' share of the student body has never matched blacks' share of the state or national population, and the majority of black students have never reported satisfaction with the university's racial climate. Nevertheless, black students' critiques never stopped UM leaders from claiming that racial inclusion was one of the university's core values.
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Gordon, Robert B., and Patrick M. Malone. "The Factory." In The Texture of Industry. Oxford University Press, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195058857.003.0015.

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With Samuel Slater’s textile mill (1793, in Pawtucket, Rhode Island) and Eli Whitney’s armory (1798, in Whitneyville, Connecticut), American entrepreneurs began to make in factories products that had formerly been made in homes or craft shops. Another new concept in manufacturing, the principle of uniformity (sometimes described as “interchangeability”), was also winning converts in America. Factories making uniform products increasingly used power-driven machinery in the production process. However, it is a mistake to conflate mechanization, factories, and uniformity. Mechanization was used in colonial craft shops as well as in nineteenth-century factories. Until the late nineteenth century, factory managers achieved uniformity primarily through improved handwork skills and gauging rather than with machinery. Chapter 9 will cover the mechanization of work in factories as well as efforts to achieve uniformity in machine parts. Many of the best examples of early American factories are in New England, where there was a serendipitous combination of water power, entrepreneurial capital, and the artisanal skills necessary to build mills and machinery. The textile mills erected there had a powerful influence on the evolution of American factory architecture. As we look closely at a number of New England mills, remember that similar patterns of structural development can be found in other regions of the United States and that the basic forms of the textile factory were readily adapted for other types of industry, including the manufacture of wood, metal, and paper products. Factories were not the first industrial buildings in America, nor did they represent more capital expenditure than some of the early and costly ironworks. Two processes of textile manufacturing and finishing, the carding of fibers and the fulling of woven cloth, had been powered by waterwheels (and occasionally by draft animals) before the first successful factory was built in Pawtucket in 1793. Proprietors of shops and country mills usually operated their enterprises directly with little of the managerial hierarchy and division of labor that would appear in the full-blown factory system. Shops lacked the factory’s sequential organization of powered machinery and its extensive mechanization through multiple stages of production.
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"the question: does Melikertes ever appear to his worshippers? Pausanias describes another adyton in the context of a hero cult, that of the oracle of the hero Trophonios at Lebadeia, where in order to consult the oracle, the worshipper descends into an underground khasma. There, those who reach the inner sanctum, the adyton, learn the future. According to Pausanias, there is no single way of doing this, but some learn through seeing, others through hearing (9.39.11). What about the himeros evoked by Aristides? The word can express longing or yearning, but also love and desire. This is the word used by Philostratos, for example, when he describes how desire is awakened in Achilles and Helen after they hear descriptions of each other. Yet, in the case of Melikertes, Aristides is not talking about romance, but about a dead, heroized, child. At first glance, it may seem that the himeros described by Aristides is caused by the vision of the boy’s image, but on closer examination, it becomes clear that this himeros is very closely related to what precedes as well; it is the participation in the rites (telete, ) and oath, as well as the description of the picture that follows that awakens the himeros for the hero. Moreover, Aristides emphasizes at the end of the passage that these sights are the sweetest to see and to hear making it very clear that both components are essential. In some way, then, himeros is closely linked with initiation into the mystery of the hero Melikertes. Something similar seems to be at work in the where we see worshippers falling in love with heroes. Indeed, in some cases, loving a hero seems to be a form of initiation. When phantoms first appear, the vinegrower explains to the Phoenician, the identity of each is not immediately obvious. Heroes may appear in different guises—they can change their appearance, their age, or their armor—and they can be difficult to recognize from one time to the next (21.Iff). He gives the example of a Trojan farmer who particularly empathized with the hero Palamedes. After the farmer displays his admiration for Palamedes in various ways, the hero decides to visit and reward his admirer, whom he describes as his Palamedes appears to the farmer as he tends his vine:." In Greek Literature in the Roman Period and in Late Antiquity, 400–401. Routledge, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203616895-55.

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"PN: It reminds me that in the story called ‘Madame Realism’, the narrator decides that ‘Anything can be a transitional object. No one spoke of limits, they spoke of boundaries. And my boundaries shift, she thought, like ones do after a war when countries lose or gain depending on having won or lost’ (MR, 39). The reference to Winnicott’s concept of ‘transitional objects’ seems to have a relevance to your sense of how fiction operates—perhaps as (to use another concept from Winnicott) a ‘potential space’ somewhere between psyche and world where a certain ‘play’ can take place? LT: In criticism you always have to make one argument, and you have to support that argument against other arguments. In writing a novel or a short story there are arguments going on too, but there you have the possibility of different voices and different characters. You don’t have to argue as if there’s one truth, or one way to see something, you can allow for a lot of ambivalence. In some way writing fiction for me is about anxiety and being extremely insecure, and having between me—and maybe this is Winnicottian—between me and the world a space where I say, this is not me, and it is me, ambivalently, but this is also not Truth. PN: Motion Sickness suggests that national identity is like armour; in Haunted Houses are we meant to conclude that gender is similarly a kind of defence and constraint? LT: Yes, I think I very much felt that when I wrote Haunted Houses. All my books are in a way about limits, and about fighting those limits. Haunted Houses definitely was about the limits of gender and of being a girl, how you took it on, how you wrestled with it; then with Motion Sickness it was national identity and nationalism. But you never want to celebrate your limits, you don’t want to celebrate being an American, to celebrate being a woman. That’s making a virtue out of something that’s neither a vice nor a virtue. It’s a given. You’re born into something and it’s a matter of what you do with that. PN: Relations between self and other seem to be played out visually a lot of the time—in Haunted Houses, for example: ‘there was a chance of being looked at, which was better than being spoken to: it was as if she were being taken, unaware and involuntarily, and not taken’ (H, 62). LT: Being looked at—again this would be an interesting argument that pornography is not rape—looking at something and having a fantasy is different from being thrown into the bushes and raped. This could also lead into a discussion about aspects of female desire and whether a woman’s desire to be looked at is passive or active. I tend to feel those terms, ‘passive’ and ‘active’, are—well,." In Textual Practice, 56. Routledge, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203986219-22.

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Conference papers on the topic "Armor making"

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Lorio, Diego A., Facundo J. Wedekamper, Fabiano Bertoni, Facundo S. Lopéz, George C. Campello, and Telmo Strohaecker. "Friction Behavior Between Epoxy and Flexible Pipes Armor Wires." In ASME 2016 35th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2016-54905.

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The offshore industry has presented an increasing demand over the last few decades, requiring the production in deep water fields. The end fittings (EF) are critical points within the production system. Therefore, structural and fatigue analyses are essential in the EF design, making it necessary to know the stress distribution experienced by the armor wires along the EF. Numerical and analytical models are often used in order to assess the stress state. However, characteristics like geometries, materials and interactions must be previously known in order to apply these models. The purpose of this work was to analyze the arithmetic mean surface roughness (Ra) and to determine the friction coefficient (μ) for two types of armor wires when in contact with resin used to fill the EF. The resin used in the interaction with the armor wires was an epoxy filled with metallic particles. For the experimental analysis straight carbon steel armor wires with different cross-sections, typically used in 2.5″ and 8″ flexible pipes were used. Surface profile was obtained for each wire by repeated measurements along two lines over each surface. A total of three repetitions were performed in each measure line. Longitudinal roughness was determined through these profiles. Finally, friction coefficients were obtained experimentally by means of a device that allows to simulate the wire pullout and sliding process. In this device, two epoxy pads were put in contact with the surface of the analyzed wire sample, and rigid bodies in contact with the pads were used to ensure that the normal load applied is transmitted uniformly through the contact surface. The displacement rate, contact pressure between the surface of the wire and the epoxy resin pads, and axial force were recorded. The roughness in the longitudinal direction of the wires was analyzed through descriptive statistic and compared by Student’s “t” test. The highest values were obtained on wires with larger sections. This behavior is exposed on the results obtained for the friction coefficient as a function of the contact pressure. Friction coefficient for both wires was analyzed and compared using a Mann-Whitney U test. Both friction coefficients have a positive slope, indicating a small increase as the contact pressure raise. The significance value obtained for the means comparisons was p = 0.0001 and confirms that the average friction coefficient of the two wires are really different. Because of that, we conclude that is necessary to treat the EF project for different flexible pipes differentially.
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Lacerda, Jefferson, Marcelo I. Lourenço, and Theodoro A. Netto. "Development and Experimental Calibration of Numerical Model Based on Beam Theory to Estimate the Collapse Pressure of Flexible Pipes." In ASME 2015 34th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2015-41884.

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The constant advance of offshore oil and gas production in deeper waters worldwide led to increasing operational loads on flexible pipes, making mechanical failures more susceptible. Therefore, it is important to develop more reliable numerical tools used in the design phase or during the lifetime to ensure the structural integrity of flexible pipes under specific operating conditions. This paper presents a methodology to develop simple finite element models capable of reproducing the behavior of structural layers of flexible pipes under external hydrostatic pressure up to collapse. These models use beam elements and, in multi-layer analyses, include nonlinear contact between layers. Because of the material anisotropy induced by the manufacturing process, an alternative method was carried out to estimate the average stress-strain curves of the metallic layers used in the numerical simulations. The simulations are performed for two different configurations: one where the flexible pipe is composed only of the interlocked armor, and another considering interlocked armor and pressure armor. The adequacy of the numerical models is finally evaluated in light of experimental tests on flexible pipes with nominal internal diameters of 4 and 6 in.
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Fernando, Upul S., Michelle Davidson, Kun Yan, Matthew J. Roy, Thilo Pirling, Philip J. Withers, and John A. Francis. "Evolution of Residual Stress in Tensile Armour Wires of Flexible Pipes During Pipe Manufacture." In ASME 2017 36th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2017-61490.

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Tensile armour layers in unbonded flexible pipes are constructed by the parallel helical wrapping of several rectangular wires. Pairs of layers, wound in opposite directions and with different helical shapes are used to provide the necessary axial strength, water depth capacity and torsion balance. The forming of armour wires as supplied by the vendor into a helix shape on the pipe involves significant plastic straining; twisting and repeated bending of the wires in different planes. The wires that are wrapped on the pipe are not unloaded. Therefore the armour wires in flexible pipes are considered to contain residual stress (RS). Knowledge of RS in the wires of the manufactured pipe is essential in making appropriate design decisions with high confidence to meet material utilization requirements and subsequently predict the integrity and fatigue durability of the pipe. This paper describes an investigation performed to examine the evolution of RS in the tensile wires during various stages of the pipe manufacturing process. To this end, different methods including a relatively simple and inexpensive stress relaxation method termed the contour method, as well as diffraction methods were used to evaluate RS in the wire. A finite element (FE) model has been developed to simulate the wire deformation involved in the pipe manufacturing process. The procedure was used to predict the evolution of RS in a tensile wire and change in material response during the pipe manufacturing process. A comparison of FE model predictions and measured data is given. The results show that the RS measured by the contour method give comparable values to those obtained from more advanced methods such as high energy synchrotron X-ray and neutron diffraction. The need for using representative material properties and deformation boundary conditions in FE models to predict RS accurately is highlighted.
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Andersen, Tore Roberg. "Corrosion Fatigue of Steel Armours in Flexible Risers." In ASME 2002 21st International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2002-28052.

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Fatigue life calculation of flexible risers is normally based on the assumption that the annulus is dry. Experience has, however, shown that the annulus may become water flooded. Carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulphide permeate from the bore and into the annulus, making the annulus environment corrosive. In such conditions the influence of corrosion fatigue on fatigue life has to be taken into account. A test program was performed to investigate the corrosion fatigue performance of steel armour in water containing carbon dioxide. The results showed that the corrosive environment reduced the fatigue life to about 1/10 to 1/50 of that derived in air. The lifetime was significantly shorter in the environment with 0.1 bar compared to 0.01 bar, indicating that corrosion fatigue becomes more pronounced as the corrosivity increases. The work shown that corrosion fatigue has to be considered for flexible risers with annulus that is or may be water flooded.
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Clevelario, Judimar, Fabio Pires, Claudio Barros, and Terry Sheldrake. "Flexible Pipe Systems Configurations for the Pre-Salt Area." In ASME 2010 29th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2010-20383.

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Unbonded flexible pipes are being considered as an actual solution for the following developments for the Brazilian Pre-Salt area. This technology is already being successfully used in the first EWT installed in the Brazilian Pre-salt and being qualified for the first Pre-salt Pilot Project development. However, unlikely the current project developments in water depths around 1500m, the free catenary configuration is not always an applicable option not only due to the 2500m water depth but also to the presence of contaminants such as CO2 and H2S in the conveyed fluids which in certain applications make the use of conventional high strength steels unfeasible, making the use of sour service armour wires mandatory. This paper presents the result of the global and local analysis performed for different applications such as 4″ gas lift, 6″ water injection, 6″ production and 9.13″ Gas export structures designed specifically for the ultra deep water in Brazilian Pre-Salt area. The aim of this study was to verify the feasibility of the free hanging catenary configuration and determine the most suitable flexible pipe system configuration for different applications, confirming that the flexible pipes are an adequate solution for the Pre-Salt even when the service life requirements exceeds 20 years and associated safety factors.
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Ribeiro Machado da Silva, Vinícius, Luis V. S. Sagrilo, and Mario Alfredo Vignoles. "Lazy-Wave Buoyancy Length Reduction Based on Fatigue Reliability Analysis." In ASME 2017 36th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2017-62316.

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When the profit scenario of an industry changes, the continuity of some projects can be at risk. The current downturn of the oil and gas industry force managers to take hard decisions about the continuity of projects, resulting in delays, postponements or even the cancellation of forecasted projects. In order to keep with these projects, the rush for cost reduction is a reality and the industry is pushing the involved parties to be aligned with this objective. The Brazilian Pre-Salt region, characterized by ultra-deep waters, is an example of this scenario. Subsea structures represented by flexible risers, which are responsible for the flow assurance of oil, gas and water, are forecasted to have a demand about 4.000 km in the next years. Usually, in these type of applications, lazy-wave configurations are adopted, increasing the costs of the solution with the necessity of the buoyancy modules acquisition. The smaller the buoyancy length is the cheaper the project become, reducing the necessary amount of buoys and the time spent for its installation. These type of solutions can probably carry with it a high level of conservatism, imposed by the use of standardized safety factors, and can potentially be optimized with the adoption of probabilistic approaches within the chain of analysis. The objective of this paper is to assess the possibility of buoyancy length reduction of lazy-wave configurations by using structural reliability methods of analysis. The focus stays on the evaluation of the fatigue of the armour wires located at the bend stiffener region, one of the most critical failure mode for the design of flexible pipes in offshore Brazilian installations. As already discussed in Ref. [1], many variables can influence on such kind of analysis. Based on this previous study, the first six random variables, identified to be the most important ones, are taken to carry out the analysis. The fatigue reliability approach considers four 6” flexible riser configurations: an original lazy-wave, a lazy-wave with less 30% of buoyance length, another one with less 50% of buoyance length and a free-hanging configuration. Failure probabilities and safety factor calibration curves are shown for each presented configuration and compared among themselves. The results indicate the possibility of defining a lazy-wave configuration with smaller buoyancy lengths, reaching 75% of reduction without changing the preconized high safety class at last year of its operational time. Safety factor curves shows to have similar behavior no matter the configuration considered. Structural reliability analysis comes as a potential method to help engineers to have a better understanding on the driving random variables of the problem, giving a support for the actual cost reduction scenario and for better decision-makings based on quantified risk.
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