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Journal articles on the topic "ARO automobile"
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Zheng, Zheng Yu, and Ren Xian Li. "Analysis of the Automobile’s External Aerodynamic Noise Field Characteristics Based on CAA." Applied Mechanics and Materials 130-134 (October 2011): 58–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.130-134.58.
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This paper dwelled on the principle of Computational Aero-Acoustics (CAA), and utilized the Boundary Element Method (BEM) combined with the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) based on Lighthill’s analogy to the automobile flow model, and converted the fluctuating flow pressure near the vehicle’s surface into the dipole source boundary condition in acoustics grid, and eventually succeeded in simulating the external aerodynamic noise field of automobile by introducing the dipole source boundary condition into the automobile’s BEM model. The distribution of vehicle’s external aero-acoustics field and the directivity of vehicle’s surface aerodynamic acoustic dipole source were also discussed carefully in this paper. The results show that: The head and tail of car are the main aerodynamic noise source radiation areas, and most of the dipole source’s SPL value is more than 70dB; the variation in car speed greatly impacts on the directivity of aerodynamic noise field near the car’s tail surface (θ=165°~195°).
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Aga, Merga Abdissa, Berhanu Teshome Woldeamanuel, and Mekonnen Tadesse. "Statistical modeling of numbers of human deaths per road traffic accident in the Oromia region, Ethiopia." PLOS ONE 16, no. 5 (May 19, 2021): e0251492. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0251492.
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Background Globally, road traffic accidents are the leading causes of death among young people in general, and the main cause of death among young people aged 15–29 years. Recently, in Ethiopia, the number of road traffic accidents has been increasing. The study aimed to identify the potential factors associated with the number of human deaths by road traffic accidents in the Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia. Methods We used data obtained from the Oromia region traffic police office recorded on daily basis road traffic accidents from July 2016 up to July 2017. Count regression models were was used to analyses the factors associated with the number of human deaths from road traffic accidents. Results Age of the driver’s 31–50 years (AOR = 0.289, 95%CI: 0.175, 0.479) and higher than 50 years old (AOR = 0.311, 95%CI: 0.129, 0.751), driver’s years of experience 5–10 years (AOR = 0.014, 95%CI: 0.007, 0.027), and more than 10 years (AOR = 0.101, 95%CI: 0.057, 0.176), automobile vehicle type (AOR = 8.642, 95%CI: 2.7644, 27.023), vehicle years of service 5–10 years (AOR = 2.484, 95%CI: 1.194, 5.169), and more than 10 years (AOR = 2.639, 95%CI: 1.268, 5.497), vehicle upside down accidents (AOR = 5.560, 95%CI: 2.506, 12.336), turning illegal position (AOR = 0.454, 95%CI: 0.226, 0.913), residential areas (AOR = 108.506, 95%CI: 13.725, 857.798), and working areas (AOR = 129.606, 95%CI: 16.448, 1021.263) were significant associated number of human deaths per road traffic accident factors in the study area. Conclusion Human deaths per road traffic accidents occurred due to the younger age of the driver, driver’s lack of sufficient experience, vehicle serviced for long years, driving on a wet road, driving in the afternoon, driving near/around residential places and vehicle to driver’s relation. Thus, the regional traffic police should give special attention to younger drivers, less experienced drivers, old vehicles, driving near residential areas, driving automobiles, and driving in the afternoon to control traffic system to reduce the number of human deaths pear road traffic accident.
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Chen, Jian Xue, and Shui Yu. "Application of ACO-BP Algorithm in Automobile Automatic Transmission Shift Control." Applied Mechanics and Materials 263-266 (December 2012): 553–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.263-266.553.
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Combining ant colony optimization (ACO) algorithm with back-propagation (BP) algorithm, the ACO-BP algorithm is proposed to optimize shift decision based on the vehicle velocity, the vehicle acceleration and the throttle opening. Both BP local search capability and global search ability of ACO are utilized, where ACO is used to train the BP network weights and thresholds. Experimental results show that the proposed automatic transmission shift control system has good capability of gear recognition, and can make shift decision promptly and effectively.
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Okeke, Francis O., Andy E. Okosun, Clifford A. Udeh, and Chukwumezie J. Okekeogbu. "Cities for People: The Dependency & Impact of Automobile in the Life of City Dwellers." European Journal of Sustainable Development 9, no. 3 (October 1, 2020): 157. http://dx.doi.org/10.14207/ejsd.2020.v9n3p157.
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Just like the plough breaking the grounds, many Nigerian cities have been transformed by the use of automobile. Cars have reshaped public realms and remodelled the nation’s landscape, creating a bizarre unpaved erstwhile versions of centuries ago. The rising dominance of automobile is well revealed by their imprints on the urban land use patterns. However, the invention of the mass-produced automobile was a breakthrough in mobility and comfort; the modern consequences of its heavy use has led to a dramatic increase in accident death rates, the use of fossil fuels, social isolation, community disconnection, obesity, environmental pollution, urban sprawl and urban decay. This research, therefore provides an insight into some of the causes of over-dependence on automobile and its impact on the lives of city dwellers using Achara Layout in Enugu as a case study. The target goal is to proffer solution to remedy this obvious lack of foresight on urban transportation system. Using a descriptive research method that utilizes both primary and secondary data, the study through surveys, x-rayed why the increase in automobile dependence. Furthermore, it reveals that although the use of automobile is advantageous, the consequence of over dependency is far more overwhelming. The research results note that four fundamental policies will address successfully and specifically automobile dependency imposed by local conditions. It concludes that the gross accommodation of urban land to automobile be redressed and the expensive sterility of excessive motorized traffic be eliminated and advocates for an eco-friendly alternative means of city transportation. Keywords: Urban, Automobile Dependency, Planning, City Dwellers, Transportation
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Casner, Stephen M., and Edwin L. Hutchins. "What Do We Tell the Drivers? Toward Minimum Driver Training Standards for Partially Automated Cars." Journal of Cognitive Engineering and Decision Making 13, no. 2 (March 8, 2019): 55–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1555343419830901.
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Each year, millions of automobile crashes occur when drivers fail to notice and respond to conflicts with other vehicles, bicyclists, and pedestrians. Today, manufacturers race to deploy automation technologies to help eliminate these mishaps. To date, little effort has been made to educate drivers about how these systems work or how they affect driver behavior. Driver education for automated systems amounts to additional pages in an owner’s manual that is known to be a seldom-used glove box reference. In this article, we review the history of automation deployed in the airline cockpit decades ago. We describe how automation helped avoid many common crash scenarios but at the same time gave rise to new kinds of crashes. It was only following a concerted effort to educate pilots about the automation, about themselves, and about the concept of a human-automation team that we reached the near-zero crash rate we enjoy today. Drawing parallels between the automation systems, the available pilot and driver research, and operational experience in both airplanes and automobiles, we outline knowledge standards for drivers of partially automated cars and argue that the safe operation of these vehicles will be enhanced by drivers’ incorporation of this knowledge in their everyday travels.
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Varrasi, John. "Wheeling and Dealing." Mechanical Engineering 127, no. 04 (April 1, 2005): 44–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2005-apr-3.
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This article highlights the inventiveness of engineers that made the auto trade big business in the early 20th century. While lacking the fame and name recognition of others in the US automobile business around the time of World War I, Lloyd R. Smith’s contribution to the industry was major. The A.O. Smith frame plant stands as a vivid case study on the role of engineering and technical innovation in the emergence and growth of the automobile industry. At the start of the 20th century, the gasoline engine initially competed for popularity with the electric motor, which was used on French and English roads. The electric motor was cleaner and easier to shift. It was considered more reliable and safer. The story of the automobile is told around images and symbols of speed and power, beauty and elegance, freedom and open roads. For ASME and the mechanical engineering community, the automobile is also about technological progress and engineering achievement beginning with the 20th century and building for a100 years.
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Asante, Seth A., Louis H. Adams, John J. Shufon, and Joseph P. McClean. "Estimating Average Automobile Occupancy from Accident Data in New York State." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1553, no. 1 (January 1996): 115–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198196155300117.
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Average automobile occupancy (AAO) data are valuable input to congestion management systems (CMS). Continuous field collection of these data at the system level has been lacking because of high costs associated with current data collection methodology. It is shown how the New York State Department of Transportation (NYSDOT) has built upon prior research by the Connecticut Department of Transportation, which uses traffic accident data to calculate estimates of vehicle occupancy, and has tailored the process to meet NYSDOT's CMS needs. Accident data covering a 3-year period are used to estimate AAOs by county, year of occurrence, month of year, day of week, and time-of-day intervals. Occupancy rates are calculated to be lowest during the morning peak traffic period and highest during the evening period between 6:00 and 11:00 p.m. Occupancy rates are highest for summer months and lowest for winter months. Occupancy rates are highest for the weekends and lowest for weekdays. Accident-based AAOs are compared to multiple-station roadside-observed AAOs. Adjustment factors are developed to convert the former to be comparable to the latter. It is concluded that using accident data to estimate AAO is a viable and economical approach to continuous monitoring of system-level AAO performance. NYSDOT is currently using accident-based AAO data as an integral part of its CMS.
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Shi, Bo Qiang, and Yun Tao Cai. "Application of Fiber- Reinforced Composites for Sports Instruments." Advanced Materials Research 641-642 (January 2013): 329–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.641-642.329.
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Fiber- reinforced composites have been applied extensively not only in aero-space, automobile and other industries, but also in sports instruments. The application of fiber- reinforced composites for sports instruments is introduced. The advantage of fiber rein-forced composites, materials selection, products varieties, examples and status of application for sports instruments are discussed.
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Shkrabak, Roman Vladimirovich. "Device for automatic determination of inclination angles of means of mechani-zation of technological processes in agro-industrial complex." Agrarian Scientific Journal, no. 5 (May 26, 2021): 103–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.28983/asj.y2021i5pp103-106.
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The article describes the problem associated with the loss of stability of means of mechanization of agro-industrial processes by machine-tractor units (transport, stealing, automobile and automobile trains, combines, and lifting cranes). It is noted that this circumstance leads to overturns, accidents, injuries, fires, often accompanied by fatalities. In support of the above, information is summarized on the number of injuries among women and men in the country's agro-industrial enterprises (including lethal ones). It is noted that this is due to the fact that these units are not equipped with devices that signal, automatically notify operators operating in conditions of irregularities in the terrain of fields and roads (mountainous areas) about the achievements of maximum inclination angles, the excess of which leads to overturns. In order to eliminate these situations, a device is justified and based on extensive research, automatically signalling and visually and soundly about reaching the limit angles (for a given machine) of stability in order to take measures by the operator to prevent overturning. Equipping these machines with the proposed innovative device will eliminate the possibility of overturns and related accidents, injuries, fires, providing a socio-economic effect.
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SUMIZAKI, Shunichiro, and Mituyasu YABE. "Valuing the Willingness to Pay for the Introduction of Bio-Ethanol on Use of Domestic Automobile Fuel." JOURNAL OF RURAL PLANNING ASSOCIATION 26 (2007): 347–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.2750/arp.26.347.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "ARO automobile"
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Borg, Kevin L. "Auto mechanics : technology and expertise in twentieth-century America /." Baltimore : Johns Hopkins university press, 2007. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb41028621k.
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Hatzfeld, Nicolas. "Les gens d'usine : 50 ans d'histoire à Peugeot-Sochaux /." Paris : Éd. de l'Atelier-Éd. ouvrières, 2002. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb38823020m.
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Texte remanié de: Th. doct.--Sociol.--Paris--EHESS, 2000. Titre de soutenance : Organiser, produire, éprouver, histoire et présent de l'usine de carrosserie de Peugeot à Sochaux, 1948-1996.Bibliogr. p. 575-590. Glossaire.
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Wiemeler, Dirk. "Aero acoustic on automotive exhaust systems." Thesis, Lyon, INSA, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ISAL0018.
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Dans les systèmes d'échappement automobile, les sources de bruit d'origine aéro-acoustique représentent une partie importante du contenu fréquentiel, objectivement et subjectivement identifiable. De robustes procédures de tests ont été mises en place mais la simulation du contenu du bruit n'a pas encore fait ses preuves dans les processus de développement au quotidien. Cette thèse montre que le bruit aéro-acoustique provenant de sources type dipôle est dominant pour ce qui concerne les systèmes automobiles. La simulation des écoulements à l'origine de ces bruits spécifiques combinée avec les outils de calculs acoustiques classiques est très lourde voir tout simplement impossible. Le but de cette thèse est d'analyser la loi d'échelle pour des modèles de sources compactes, permettant de déterminer l'émission de la puissance acoustique selon différentes configurations géométriques "simples" et généralement répandues (par ex. tube perforé, diaphragme placé dans un tube…) basées sur des données empiriques. Il est démontré à l'aide de simulations que son utilisation est simple et que la précision de ces modèles de sources est satisfaisante si l'on ne s'écarte pas trop des géométries déjà analyséesOn automotive exhaust systems aero acoustic noise is a dominant and critical noise content, which is clearly objectively and subjectively detectable. Robust test procedures are established but the simulation of this noise content has not gained ground in the real life development processes. This thesis shows that the dominating characteristic of the aero acoustic noise of automotive systems is dipole noise. The simulation of these specific noise sources with classical computational areo acoustics is very cumbersome or even just impossible. The aim of the thesis is a review of the scaling law approach for compact source models, enabling the determination of the sound power emission of discret configurations based on empirical data. Application simulations show that the use of these source models is simple and that the accuracy is acceptable within the geometry limits analysed
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Karbon, Patrick J. (Patrick Joseph). "An Investigation of Selected Factors Affecting Automotive Service Excellence Test Outcome and Job Placement Rate." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1995. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc277698/.
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Under investigation in this study was the effect of ASE certification of automotive technician training programs and other selected factors on ASE test outcome and job placement rate. This research ponders whether the time and money invested in certifying technician training programs is returning desired improvements in this automobile manufacturer's dealer service staff. The study focussed on technicians employed at Chrysler dealerships around the United States. The 2 samples totalling 387 males between the ages of 22 and 30 were drawn from 1,007 graduates of automotive technician training programs. Technicians that completed a formal training program beyond the high school level certified by the National Institute for Automotive Service Excellence (ASE) were compared to others whose training was not certified by ASE. Comparisons were made on the basis of ASE Automobile Technician Test scores and on the length of time from training program completion to employment. This research sought to identify the significance of association between three main predictors - the status of training program ASE certification, work experience and year of training program completion - and the most desirable levels of ASE test outcome (at or above 90% on the ASE test) and job placement rate (immediately following completion of training). The logistic regression procedure in SAS was used to analyze categorical data in testing the statistical hypotheses. Resulting odds ratios provided indications of significant associations between ASE program certification, technician experience and year of program completion and each of the dependent variables, ASE test outcome and job placement rate. The findings indicated that ASE automotive training program certification status was a significant predictor of ASE test outcome and of job placement rate. Recommendations for further study suggest a look at how technician skill levels affect implementation of the Clean Air Act or dependency on foreign sources of fuel, how training program certification impacts desirable results in industries other than automotive, and how realignment of resources might enhance the performance of training programs already certified.
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Vávra, Radek. "Optimalizace kyvadlové nápravy automobilu." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-231769.
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This thesis is concerned with the design of Škoda 130 RS rear Semi-Trailing Arm Suspension and fixtures on the body. The main requirement of this thesis is to reduce weight of suspension. It is carried out the kinematic analysis and optimization of the kinematic. The construction part of this thesis provides a design of suspension based on the analysis of forces acting on the car wheel. Last part of the thesis includes of new rear suspension stress analysis.
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Jeon, Byung Ho. "Proposed automobile steering wheel test method for vibration." Thesis, Brunel University, 2010. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/4623.
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This thesis proposes a test method for evaluating the perceived vibration which occurs at the driver's hand in automotive steering wheel interface. The objective of the research was to develop frequency weightings for quantifying the human perception of steering wheel hand-arm vibration. Family of frequency weightings were developed from equal sensation curves obtained from the psychophysical laboratory experimental tests. The previous literature suggests that the only internationally standardised frequency weighting Wh is not accurate to predict human perception of steering wheel hand-arm vibration (Amman et. al, 2005) because Wh was developed originally for health effects, not for the human perception. In addition, most of the data in hand-arm vibration are based upon responses from male subjects (Neely and Burström, 2006) and previous studies based only on sinusoidal stimuli. Further, it has been continuously suggested by researchers (Gnanasekarna et al., 2006; Morioka and Griffin, 2006; Ajovalasit and Giacomin, 2009) that only one weighting is not optimal to estimate the human perception at all vibrational magnitudes. In order to address these problems, the investigation of the effect of gender, body mass and the signal type on the equal sensation curves has been performed by means of psychophysical laboratory experimental tests. The test participants were seated on a steering wheel simulator which consists of a rigid frame, a rigid steering wheel, an automobile seat, an electrodynamic shaker unit, a power amplifier and a signal generator. The category-ratio Borg CR10 scale procedure was used to quantify the perceived vibration intensity. A same test protocol was used for each test and for each test subject. The first experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of gender using sinusoidal vibration with 40 test participants (20 males and 20 females). The results suggested that the male participants provided generally lower subjective ratings than the female participants. The second experiment was conducted using band-limited random vibration to investigate the effect of signal type between sinusoidal and band-limited random vibration with 30 test participants (15 males and 15 females). The results suggested that the equal sensation curves obtained using random vibration were generally steeper and deeper in the shape of the curves than those obtained using sinusoidal vibration. These differences may be due to the characteristics of random vibration which produce generally higher crest factors than sinusoidal vibration. The third experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of physical body mass with 40 test participants (20 light and 20 heavy participants) using sinusoidal vibration. The results suggested that the light participants produced generally higher subjective ratings than the heavy participants. From the results it can be suggested that the equal sensation curves for steering wheel rotational vibration differ mainly due to differences of body size rather than differences of gender. The final experiments was conducted using real road signals to quantify the human subjective response to representative driving condition and to use the results to define the selection method for choosing the adequate frequency weightings for the road signals by means of correlation analysis. The final experiment was performed with 40 test participants (20 light and 20 heavy participants) using 21 real road signals obtained from the road tests. From the results the hypothesis was established that different amplitude groups may require different frequency weightings. Three amplitude groups were defined and the frequency weightings were selected for each amplitude group. The following findings can be drawn from the research: • the equal sensation curves suggest a nonlinear dependency on both the frequency and the amplitude. • the subjective responses obtained from band-limited random stimuli were steeper and the deeper in the shape of the equal sensation curves than those obtained using sinusoidal vibration stimuli. • females provided higher perceived intensity values than the males for the same physical stimulus at most frequencies. • light test participants provided higher perceived intensity than the heavy test participants for the same physical stimulus at most frequencies. • the equal sensation curves for steering wheel rotational vibration differ mainly due to differences in body size, rather than differences of gender. • at least three frequency weightings may be necessary to estimate the subjective intensity for road surface stimuli.
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Lee, Kin-chung Casey. "An evaluation of the Hong Kong Government's policy on managing automotive services : are new controls necessary? /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1997. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B18597506.
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North, Thomas B. "Liquid Nitrogen Propulsion Systems for Automotive Applications: Calculation of Mechanical Efficiency of a Dual, Double-acting Piston Propulsion System." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2008. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc6070/.
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A dual, double-acting propulsion system is analyzed to determine how efficiently it can convert the potential energy available from liquid nitrogen into useful work. The two double-acting pistons (high- and low-pressure) were analyzed by using a Matlab-Simulink computer simulation to determine their respective mechanical efficiencies. The flow circuit for the entire system was analyzed by using flow circuit analysis software to determine pressure losses throughout the system at the required mass flow rates. The results of the piston simulation indicate that the two pistons analyzed are very efficient at transferring energy into useful work. The flow circuit analysis shows that the system can adequately maintain the mass flow rate requirements of the pistons but also identifies components that have a significant impact on the performance of the system. The results of the analysis indicate that the nitrogen propulsion system meets the intended goals of its designers.
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Almquist, Arne J. "The Adoption and Use of Electronic Information Resources by a Non-Traditional User Group: Automotive Service Technicians." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2006. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc5301/.
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The growing complexity of machines has led to a concomitant increase in the amount and complexity of the information needed by those charged with servicing them. This, in turn, has led to a need for more robust methods for storing and distributing information and for a workforce more sophisticated in its use of information resources. As a result, the service trades have "professionalized," adopting more rigorous academic standards and developing ongoing certification programs. The current paper deals with the acceptance of advanced electronic information technology by skilled service personnel, specifically, automotive service technicians. The theoretical basis of the study is Davis' technology acceptance model. The purpose of the study is to determine the effects of three external factors on the operation of the model: age, work experience, and education/certification level. The research design is in two parts, beginning with an onsite observation and interviews to establish the environment. During the second part of the research process a survey was administered to a sample of automotive service technicians. Results indicated significant inverse relationships between age and acceptance and between experience and acceptance. A significant positive relationship was shown between education, particularly certification, and acceptance.
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Legros, Maxime. "Synthèse acoustique d'un module de ventilation automobile." Thesis, Compiègne, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016COMP2295/document.
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La problématique de la qualité sonore à l'intérieur de l'habitacle est importante dans le domaine de l'automobile, particulièrement dans le cas des véhicules haut de gamme. La réduction du bruit des motorisations thermiques et l'émergence de solutions hybrides ou électriques ont transformé la perception du bruit par l'utilisateur. La contribution acoustique des équipements tels que le module de ventilation est devenue prépondérante et doit donc être étudiée dès la phase de conception. Afin de traiter la problématique acoustique et de fournir un outil de prototypage virtuel, ce travail a été mené dans le cadre du projet Cevas (Conception d'Equipement de Ventilation à Air Silencieux). Une approche de synthèse acoustique permet d'identifier les composants responsables du bruit produit et transmis. Leurs caractéristiques actives, traduites par un terme de source, et passives, traduites par un terme de perte par transmission, sont étudiées et représentées par des spectres en bandes fines. Cette définition permet la synthèse sonore du bruit produit et l'étude de la qualité sonore à l'aide de lois d'acceptation. Le ventilateur est la source principale d'un module de ventilation. Son terme de source est prédit par une loi originale, basée sur des données expérimentales et inspirée de la loi ASHRAE. Le terme de source du volet est caractérisé à l'aide de la méthode empirique de Nelson et Morphey. Le terme de source de l'échangeur thermique est déterminé à partir de mesures. Les termes de perte par transmission du volet et de l'échangeur thermique sont obtenus à l'aide de la matrice de diffusion expérimentale. L'environnement du milieu de propagation acoustique a une influence sur le bruit produit. La transposition des termes de source d’un environnement d'essai normalisé à un environnement représentatif des modules de ventilation a donc été étudiée. La méthode développée repose sur la modélisation du terme de source par une force volumique dont l'amplitude et la localisation sont indépendantes du milieu. Le développement de cette méthode a nécessité des modèles analytiques et numériques. L'application de la méthode pour un ventilateur placé dans un module de ventilation simplifié est confrontée à des essais. Un outil de prototypage virtuel est présenté pour un module de ventilation simplifié. La prédiction du bruit produit est confrontée à des mesures de puissance acoustique. L'usage de l'outil de prototypage permet d'étudier la contribution de chaque composant en considérant différents cas de ventilationThe sound quality problem inside the car cabin is important in the automotive field, especially in the case of upmarket vehicles. The reductions of the noise produced by internal combustion engines and the emergence of hybrid and electric solutions have transformed the perception of sound by the user. The acoustic contribution of equipment such as the HVAC has become paramount and must be studied from the design stage. In order to treat acoustic problems and provide virtual prototyping tools, t his thesis was conducted within the framework of the Cevas project (Conception d'Equipement de Ventilation à Air Silencieux) to study and characterize the components of an automotive HVAC. An acoustic synthesis approach is used to identify the components responsible for the noise generated and transmitted. Their active and passive properties, translated by a source term and a transmission loss, have been studied and represented by thin strips spectra. This definition allows sound synthesis of the noise produced and the study of sound quality using acceptance laws. The source term of the fan is predicted by an original law, based on experimental data and inspired by ASHRAE law. The source term of the flap is characterized by using the Nelson and Morphey empirical method. The source term of the heat exchanger is determined from measurements. The transmission losses of the flap and the heat exchanger are obtained using the scattering matrix. The transposition of the source terms from a standardized test environment to an acoustic medium representative of the HVAC has been studied. The developed method is based on modeling t he source term by acoustic excitation whose amplitude and location are independent of the environment. The application of this method has required analytical and numerical models to characterize the acoustic excitation. In the case of the fan, its propagation in a simplified HVAC is studied. A virtual prototyping tool has been implemented in the case of the simplified HVAC. The noise prediction is confronted with sound power measurements. The use of the prototyping tool allows studying the contribution of each component considering various cases of ventilation
Books on the topic "ARO automobile"
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Cherni︠a︡kina, V. V. Po doroge istorii AMO ZIL. Moskva: Izdatelʹstvo "DPK Press", 2012.
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Gomola, Miroslav. Automobily Aero, aneb, Cililink a jeho sestry. Brno: AGM CZ, 2000.
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Fulcheri, Fabienne. Pleins phares: Art contemporain et automobile. [Paris]: Hazan, 2007.
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Michael, Turner. The motorsport art of Michael Turner. Sparkford, Nr Yeovil, Somerset: Patrick Stephens Ltd., 1996.
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Michael, Turner. The motorsport art of Michael Turner. 2nd ed. Sparkford, Nr Yeovil, Somerset, UK: Haynes Pub., 2001.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "ARO automobile"
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Gheorghilaş, Aurel. "Impact of the Restructuring of Romanian Automotive Industry on Demographic Change and Quality of Life: A Comparative Study Between S.C. Aro S.A. Câmpulung Muscel and S.C. Automobile Dacia S.A. Pitesti." In Multidimensional Approach to Quality of Life Issues, 267–91. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-6958-2_18.
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Iwata, Kazuyuki. "Climate Policy in Transportation Sector: Role of Carbon Pricing." In Economics, Law, and Institutions in Asia Pacific, 61–78. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-6964-7_4.
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Abstract This chapter focuses on climate countermeasures in the Japanese transport sector. We introduce the Japanese complexed automobile tax system and then calculate the Japanese effective carbon rate (ECR) on automobiles. In addition to the discussion of the ECR, this chapter offers a simple examination of the efficiency of electric vehicles (EVs) from the viewpoint of cost-benefit because it is expected that EVs will become the most popular eco-friendly vehicle in the future. Two remarks are found in our analysis. First, although the carbon tax rate on fuel consumption is small in Japan, compared to the European countries, the ECR is rather high. For further improvement of climate policy, the Japanese government should shift its attention to vehicle usage from vehicle purchase and possession. Second, under the basic assumption (i.e., representative owners do not recharge their EVs at home but at outdoor fast chargers), the diffusion of EVs is not an efficient measure for reducing GHG emissions. If owners recharge their EVs at home once of every two charges, the net benefit becomes positive Therefore, the opportunity cost of waiting for recharges is a key factor in whether EVs can play a role in mitigating climate change.
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Bohan, Charles, and Bérengère Gautier. "Multilevel Analysis of Corporations Networks: A Comparison Between Agro-Food and Automobile Strategies for Urban Development." In Methods for Multilevel Analysis and Visualisation of Geographical Networks, 155–76. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6677-8_10.
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Han, Seung Ho, So Young Shin, Tae Hee Lee, Sang Boo Lee, and Tae Woo Kwon. "Fatigue Durability Analysis Based on FE Modeling Support System for Arc-Welded Members in Automobile Suspension Module." In Key Engineering Materials, 2065–68. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-456-1.2065.
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Miller, Eric J. "Transportation Modeling." In Urban Informatics, 911–31. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-8983-6_47.
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AbstractInformatics are rapidly and radically transforming urban transportation in ways not seen since the introduction of the automobile over a hundred years ago. Near-ubiquitous smartphone usage, pervasive cellular and Wi-Fi connectivity, powerful and cost-effective computing capabilities, advanced GIS software and databases, advanced platforms for managing and scheduling service operations, etc., are combining to enable the introduction of new mobility services and technologies that are increasingly disrupting conventional trip-making behavior and the “rules of the game” in terms of transportation network operations and the regulation of system performance. The implications of these major informatics-driven changes for transportation modeling are equally disruptive and major. These include changes in: travel behavior; transportation system performance; the data available for model development and application; and modeling methods. Each of these broad areas of impact are discussed in this chapter.
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Andrews, D., P. Nieuwenhuis, and P. D. Ewing. "Living systems, ‘total design’ and the evolution of the automobile: the significance and application of holistic design methods in automotive design, manufacture and operation." In WIT Transactions on State-of-the-art in Science and Engineering, 381–446. Southampton UK: WIT Press, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/978-1-85312-853-0/13.
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Khaire, Maruti. "Role of Bearings in New Generation Automotive Vehicles: Powertrain." In Automotive System Engineering - New Methods and Optimal Solutions [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.94222.
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Modern Automobile powertrain’s technology is transforming to enable “connected, autonomous, shared and electric (CASE). Modern automobiles are targeting to achieve the maximum vehicle uptime, utilization, and better total cost of ownership (TCO). Bearing is a vital component (sub-system) to achieve modern automobile’s performance targets. Bearings plays important role of performance enhancement of all the rotating parts in systems by carrying the load and facilitating transfer of torque. Bearings achieve its performance via correct selection of materials, manufacturing technologies, design optimized geometries, sealing, lubrication in addition to application specific features. In modern automobile passenger comfort is key consideration and role of bearing is critical to achieve lower system noise. This chapter focuses on building awareness of the bearing technical requirements for different aggregates and means to achieve the requirements for modern automobiles. Summary of 11,300 patent’s titles and customer voice analysis suggest the bearing development focus areas direction which are covered in this chapter. This chapter also introduces bearing technology research focus areas like reliability improvement, power-dense solutions, integrated functions, friction optimization, sealing/lubrication solutions, adoption of sensors, and also special application-specific eMotors bearings. Modern electronic technologies integrated with bearings are performing the critical role of powertrain health monitoring in the vehicle. However, bearings are having furthermore potential to contribute and enhance the performance of modern automobiles in near future.
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Chan, Carlson, Janet Y. Li, Fred G. Chen, and Noel C. L. Chau. "Are You Ready for Change?" In Asian Business and Management Practices, 9–26. IGI Global, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-6441-8.ch002.
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This chapter discusses the factors that influence the decision of Guangdong residents to purchase Chinese-brand automobiles. Based on the well-known theory of planned behavior, this chapter builds a predictive model to explore the determinants of the intention of Guangdong residents to buy Chinese-brand automobiles. The findings reported in this chapter can help automobile manufacturers and distributors to formulate effective business strategies. According to 125 sets of figures, multiple regression analysis indicates that high correlation exist between two independent variables (attitude toward behavior and perceived behavioral control) and dependent variable, whereas subjective norm does not have significant correlation with intention. The authors make several corresponding managerial suggestions based on the results.
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Gencer, Yasin Galip, and Ulas Akkucuk. "Reverse Logistics." In Advances in Environmental Engineering and Green Technologies, 125–54. IGI Global, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-9723-2.ch007.
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Reverse Logistics has become an important concept in today's supply chain operations. Besides being an old concept, it was hard to find in literature a precise differentiation from some recycling terminology. This chapter starts with a detailed explanation of Logistics and Reverse Logistics concepts, and then continues with the processes carried out in reverse logistics systems, and also the effects on marketing of the products that are subject to the reverse logistics. With all that, the case of automobile recalls will be included in the research scope of this chapter as an exploratory example. Precisely, the literature shows valid examples of direct relationship between recall of automobiles and their demand. In light of the literature, and real-world examples automobile recalls are examined to better explain the concept of reverse logistics.
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Harrington, Winston, Virginia McConnell, and Amy Ando. "Are vehicle emission inspection programs living up to expectations?" In Controlling Automobile Air Pollution, 125–44. Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781351161084-8.
Full textConference papers on the topic "ARO automobile"
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Gover, James E. "Circumventing the Challenges of Fuel Cell Powered Automobiles." In ASME 2003 1st International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fuelcell2003-1751.
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The purposes of this paper are (1) to examine the realities of fuel cell development to determine the economic potential of fuel cell applications to transportation and (2) to identify the major challenges as well as the public policies that could lead to the automobile becoming a mobile electric power source that is used to power homes and industry. Several technical and cost issues were identified to have the potential to pose development challenges; however, none are likely to be show-stoppers. If the fuel cell powered vehicle can offer the consumer additional uses for the automobile, e.g., a source of electric power for businesses or it can permit a rapid style change in the automobile by easily replacing the passenger compartment at costs the consumer finds acceptable, the consumer will be willing to spend more on the fuel cell powered vehicle than it spends on combustion engine powered vehicles. If the fuel cell stimulates design changes that makes major contributions to the safety of automobiles and results in substantial reductions in the cost of insurance, that will also promote consumer interest. Of equal importance to these technical issues are public policies that could promote fuel cell power use in automobiles. For example, a desire to reduce our dependence on foreign sources of oil or rapid growth in oil prices could lead to pubic policies that would accelerate the adoption of fuel cells in automobiles.
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Khosravi, Shahriar, and Vahid Gholampour. "Improving Internal Combustion Engines Efficiency by Using a Spring/Damper." In ASME/IEEE 2007 Joint Rail Conference and Internal Combustion Engine Division Spring Technical Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/jrc/ice2007-40030.
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Piston engines are widely used in automobiles. Increasing engine efficiency and decreasing environmental pollution which is made by these engines, are always the most important concerns of automobile manufacturers. In this paper a new way to increase efficiency of piston engines and decrease their environmental pollution is proposed. In this method, a spring/damper is used instead of connection rod in the structure of piston in these engines.
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Chana, William F. "Flying Automobiles - Are They For Real?" In World Aviation Congress & Exposition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/965621.
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Ohioma, Eboreime, Muhammad Ali, and Khairul Alam. "Impact Performance of Cellular Core Hybrid Tubes Under Axial Compressive Loading." In ASME 2017 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2017-70409.
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Thin wall structures are primarily deployed in automotive chassis to increase the energy absorption capacity of the automobiles in the event of an accident. Researchers have delved into developing lighter structures for improving automobiles’ fuel efficiency with a challenge of maintaining or preferably exceeding the energy absorption properties of the structure. In this study, the work presented is a continuation of research conducted on exploring the effects of the introduction of cellular core in tubular structures under axial compressive loading. The crushing response of cellular core hybrid tube was numerically studied using ABAQUS/Explicit module. The characteristics such as deformation or collapsing modes, crushing/ reactive force, locking strain, energy curves, and specific energy absorbed were studied. The cellular core hybrid tube shows significant potential for reducing the weight of automobile structure while giving positive indication towards enhancing the specific energy absorption capacity.
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Jenson, Sean, Eboreime Ohioma, Muhammad Ali, and Khairul Alam. "Functionally Graded Cellular Core Cross Tube: Finite Element Study." In ASME 2019 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2019-10752.
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Abstract Thin wall structures are primarily deployed in automotive chassis to increase the energy absorption capacity of the automobiles in the event of an accident. Researchers have delved into developing lighter structures for improving automobiles’ fuel efficiency with a challenge of maintaining or preferably exceeding the energy absorption properties of the structure. In this study, the work presented is a continuation of research conducted on exploring the effects of the introduction of cellular core in tubular structures under axial compressive loading. The crushing response of cellular core cross tube was numerically studied using ABAQUS/Explicit module. The characteristics such as deformation or collapsing modes, crushing/ reactive force, locking strain, energy curves, and specific energy absorbed were studied. The cellular core cross tube shows significant potential for reducing the weight of automobile structure while giving positive indication towards enhancing the specific energy absorption capacity.
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Acar, B. Serpil, and Volkan Esat. "A Computational Investigation on Seat Belt Use for Pregnant Drivers in Airbag Equipped Automobiles." In ASME 2010 10th Biennial Conference on Engineering Systems Design and Analysis. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/esda2010-24659.
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Pregnant women are a vulnerable and sensitive group in road traffic accidents, prone to sustaining varying levels of injury following an automobile crash accident. The objective of this research is to investigate various frontal impacts that pregnant women may undergo through simulations with a computational model of the pregnant driver, ‘Expecting’. Injuries when the seat belt is properly used in an airbag equipped automobile are compared with the cases where the seat belt is not worn by the pregnant driver. Displacements and strains occurring in the uterus are presented as well as injury criteria such as HIC, 3ms maximum and maximum VC in order to demonstrate the injury levels. The responses of the pregnant driver model in varying accident conditions particularly to demonstrate the injuries that they may be exposed to when the seat belt is not worn in airbag equipped automobiles emphasise that the air bags are supplementary restraint systems, and not meant to replace seat belts.
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Fronk, Brian M., Ludovic Burton, and Srinivas Garimella. "Sustainability Impacts of a Program of Decommissioning Older Automobiles for Replacement With Newer, More Efficient Vehicles." In ASME 2007 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2007-41445.
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This paper investigates a representative vehicle replacement scenario on a comprehensive basis, including energy for fabrication, operation and decommissioning, together with the associated environmental and economic impacts. It is postulated that to lessen the environmental impact of older, inefficient devices, legislation may be passed to require the decommissioning and purchase of newer equipment. However, the energy consumed, greenhouse gases emitted, and economic costs of building a new product and decommissioning the old product may outweigh the benefit of removing an inefficient device from service on a life-cycle basis. A representative case of retirement of automobiles from 1990 and earlier by comparable 2007 model internal combustion engine automobiles is considered. The energy use, greenhouse gas emissions, and economic cost to the consumer are compared for two cases, one that includes the production and operation of a new car and decommissioning of the older car, and a second case accounting for only the continued operation of the older car. It was found that from an energy and emissions standpoint, it is beneficial to require the decommissioning of older automobiles. However in the same time period, economic considerations from the customer’s perspective favor continued operation of the older automobile. Therefore, the study concludes that without such an economic basis, legislation and incentives would be required to enable the replacement of older automobiles with more efficient models.
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West, William K., and Jennifer L. Mitchell. "National Aero-Space Plane Contributions to the Automobile Industry." In Aerospace Atlantic Conference & Exposition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/941196.
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Gausenmeier, J., C. Matysczok, and R. Radkowski. "AR-based modular construction system for automobile advance development." In 2003 IEEE Internation Augmented Reality Toolkit Workshop. IEEE, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/art.2003.1320432.
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Baek, Soo-Whang. "Optimum Design of a BLDC Motor for Electric Continuous Variable Valve Timing System." In ASME 2017 Conference on Information Storage and Processing Systems collocated with the ASME 2017 International Technical Conference and Exhibition on Packaging and Integration of Electronic and Photonic Microsystems. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/isps2017-5417.
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In order to save resources and prevent global warming, it has been urgently needed to reduce CO2 emissions and decrease automobile fuel consumption in recent years. The trend in automotive applications are being studied to improve fuel efficiency and to reduce volume and weight. For these reasons, the mechanical parts of the automobile are being replaced by electric components. This paper deals with the optimum design process for a small Brushless DC (BLDC) motor used in Electric-Continuous Variable Valve Timing (E-CVVT) system in automobiles with internal combustion engines. It is also proposed to improve the rated efficiency and the maximum torque and reduce the cogging torque to improve the characteristics of the BLDC motor. To maximize the maximum torque as well as to maintain the rated efficiency, the radial basis function based on latin hypercube sampling and genetic algorithm are utilized. The design variables, objective functions, and constraints are selected for the optimum design of the BLDC motor, which is divided into three steps. Step I and step II are calculated to improve the rated efficiency and the maximum torque respectively, while step III utilizes to reduce cogging torque. To verify the proposed optimum design process, the improvement of characteristic is suggested with FE-analysis.
Reports on the topic "ARO automobile"
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Yoozbashizadeh, Mahdi, and Forouzan Golshani. Robotic Parking Technology for Congestion Mitigation and Air Quality Control Around Park & Rides. Mineta Transportation Institute, June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2021.1936.
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A lack or limited availability for parking may have multiple consequences, not the least of which is driver frustration, congestion, and air pollution. However, there is a greater problem that is not widely recognized by the public, namely the negative effect on the use of transit systems due to insufficient parking spaces close to key transit stations. Automated parking management systems, which have been successfully deployed in several European and Japanese cities, can manage parking needs at transit stations more effectively than other alternatives. Numerous studies have confirmed that quick and convenient automobile access to park-and-ride lots can be essential to making public transit competitive with the automobile in suburban areas. Automated parking systems use a robotic platform that carries each vehicle to one of the locations in a custom designed structure. Each location is designed compactly so that considerably more vehicles can be parked in the automated garages than the traditional parking lots. Central to the design of these systems are three key technologies, namely: 1. Mechanical design and the operation of vehicle transfer, i.e., the robotic platform 2. Structural and architectural requirements to meet safety and earthquake standards, among other design imperatives, 3. Automation and intelligent control issues as related to the overall operation and system engineering. This article concerns the first technology, and more specifically the design of the robotic platform for vehicle transfers. We will outline the overall design of the robot and the shuttle, followed by a description of the prototype that was developed in our laboratories. Subsequently, performance related issues and scalability of the current design will be analyzed.
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Winkler-Portmann, Simon. Umsetzung einer wirksamen Compliance in globalen Lieferketten am Beispiel der Anforderungen aus der europäischen Chemikalien-Regulierung an die Automobilindustrie. Sonderforschungsgruppe Institutionenanalyse, August 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.46850/sofia.9783941627796.
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This publication based on a master thesis explores the challenges of the automotive industry regarding the European chemical regulations REACH and CLP, as well as potential improvements of the current compliance activities and the related incentives and barriers. It answers the research question: "To what extent should the compliance activities of actors in the automotive supply chain be extended in order to meet the requirements of European chemicals regulation; and where would it help to strengthen incentives in enforcement and the legal framework?“. The study’s structure is based on the transdisciplinary delta analysis of the Society for Institutional Analysis at the Darmstadt University of Applied Sciences. It compares the target state of the legal requirements and the requirements for corresponding compliance with the actual state of the actual compliance measures of the automotive players and attempts to identify their weak points (the delta). The main sources for the analysis are the legal texts and relevant court decisions as well as guideline-based expert interviews with automotive players based on Gläser & Laudel. As objects of the analysis, there are in addition answers to random enquiries according to Article 33 (2) REACH as well as the recommendations and guidelines of the industry associations. The analysis identifies the transmission of material information in the supply chain as a key problem. The global database system used for this purpose, the IMDS, shows gaps in the framework conditions. This results in compliance risk due to the dynamically developing regulation. In addition, the study identifies an incompliance of the investigated automobile manufacturers with regard to Art. 33 REACH. In answering the research question, the study recommends solutions to the automotive players that extend the current compliance activities. In addition, it offers tables and process flow diagrams, which structure the duties and required compliance measures and may serve as basic audit criteria. The analysis is carried out from an external perspective and looks at the entire industry. It therefore cannot cover all the individual peculiarities of each automotive player. As a result, the identified gaps serve only as indications for possible further compliance risks.