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Journal articles on the topic 'Arrays of detectors'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 May 2024

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Chen, Jiangtian. "Analysis of the Principle and Applications of Infrared Detectors in Cosmology." Highlights in Science, Engineering and Technology 72 (December 15, 2023): 793–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/7g1bc173.

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As a matter of fact, infrared detectors are widely used and applied in cosmology detections. On this basis, this paper provides a comprehensive analysis of the principles and applications of infrared detectors in the field of cosmology. The paper discusses the two main types of infrared detectors: bolometer arrays and photon detector arrays, explaining their underlying principles and highlighting their applications in astronomy. It also presents the advancements in infrared detector technology, such as the use of different materials and the development of large-scale bolometer arrays. The pape

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JANG, KYOUNG WON, DONG HYUN CHO, SANG HUN SHIN, et al. "MEASUREMENTS OF HIGH ENERGY X-RAY DOSE DISTRIBUTIONS USING MULTI-DIMENSIONAL FIBER-OPTIC RADIATION DETECTORS." Modern Physics Letters B 22, no. 11 (2008): 797–802. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217984908015401.

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In this study, we have fabricated multi-dimensional fiber-optic radiation detectors with organic scintillators, plastic optical fibers and photo-detectors such as photodiode array and a charge-coupled device. To measure the X-ray dose distributions of the clinical linear accelerator in the tissue-equivalent medium, we have fabricated polymethylmethacrylate phantoms which have one-dimensional and two-dimensional fiber-optic detector arrays inside. The one-dimensional and two-dimensional detector arrays can be used to measure percent depth doses and surface dose distributions of high energy X-ra

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3

Davis Philip, A. G. "Introduction." Symposium - International Astronomical Union 167 (1995): 3–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0074180900056205.

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A short introduction to the subject of the meeting, IAU Symposium No. 167, New Developments in Array Technology and Applications is given. CCD and Array detectors have become the detectors of choice at optical observatories all over the world. Direct imaging, photometry and spectroscopy are all vastly improved as a result. Thirteen IAU Commissions joined in sponsoring this meeting which indicates the wide interest in this subject. In the five days of the symposium the following topics were discussed: New Developments in CCD Technology, New Developments in IR Detector Arrays, Direct Imaging wit

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Yermolayev, D. M., E. A. Polushkin, S. Yu Shapoval, et al. "Detection of Terahertz Radiation by Dense Arrays of InGaAs Transistors." International Journal of High Speed Electronics and Systems 24, no. 01n02 (2015): 1550002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129156415500020.

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Detection of terahertz radiation by GaAs transistor structures has been studied experimentally. The two types of samples under study included dense arrays of HEMTs and large-apertures detectors. Arrays consisted of parallel and series chains with asymmetric gate transistors for enhanced photoresponse on terahertz radiation. We investigated two types of wide-aperture detectors: grating gate detector, and single gate detector with bow-tie antenna. Wide-aperture detectors were symmetrical. Studies of transistor chains have shown that two essential features for this type of detector are the presen

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McCarrick, H., G. Jones, B. R. Johnson, et al. "Design and performance of dual-polarization lumped-element kinetic inductance detectors for millimeter-wave polarimetry." Astronomy & Astrophysics 610 (February 2018): A45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201732044.

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Aims. Lumped-element kinetic inductance detectors (LEKIDs) are an attractive technology for millimeter-wave observations that require large arrays of extremely low-noise detectors. We designed, fabricated and characterized 64-element (128 LEKID) arrays of horn-coupled, dual-polarization LEKIDs optimized for ground-based CMB polarimetry. Our devices are sensitive to two orthogonal polarizations in a single spectral band centered on 150 GHz with Δν∕ν = 0.2. The 65 × 65 mm square arrays are designed to be tiled into the focal plane of an optical system. We demonstrate the viability of these dual-

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Finger, G., G. Nicolini, P. Biereichel, M. Meyer, and A. F. M. Moorwood. "Infrared Arrays at the European Southern Observatory." Symposium - International Astronomical Union 167 (1995): 81–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0074180900056308.

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This paper gives an overview of infrared array detectors which have been tested and used at ESO. The performance of arrays using Reticon type readouts, CCD readouts and switched FET multiplexers have been evaluated for both InSb and Hg1−xCdxTe detectors. Performance limitations specific to the NICMOS3 256 × 256 Hg1−xCdxTe detector installed in the ESO infrared array camera IRAC2 are addressed. The first test results with a high well capacity SBRC 256 × 256 InSb array are also presented.Advanced readout techniques for image sharpening tested on a 2.2-m telescope are discussed briefly. A new gen

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Tarasov, Mikhail, Aleksandra Gunbina, Artem Chekushkin, Vyacheslav Vdovin, and Aleksei Kalaboukhov. "Arrays of Sub-Terahertz Cryogenic Metamaterial." Applied Sciences 11, no. 20 (2021): 9649. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11209649.

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Integrated quasi-optical cryogenic terahertz receivers contain arrays of detectors, quasi-optical filters, interferometers, and other metamaterials. Matrices of quasi-optical band-pass, low-pass, and high-pass filters, Fabry–Perot grid interferometers, and arrays of half-wave and electrically small antennas with superconductor-insulator-normal metal-insulator-superconductor (SINIS) sub-terahertz wavelength range detectors were fabricated and experimentally studied on the same computational, technological, and experimental platform. For the design of the filters, we used the periodic frequency-

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Sun, M. D., C. H. Zhang, and B. Q. Zhao. "Coincidence time resolution measurements for dual-ended readout PET detectors." Journal of Instrumentation 18, no. 07 (2023): P07003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/18/07/p07003.

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Abstract Coincidence time resolution (CTR) is an important performance parameter of clinical positron emission tomography (PET) detectors, which is dependent on the parameters of the scintillation crystal, the timing measurement methods, and the electronics. In this work, CTRs of PET detectors using dual-ended readout of segmented LYSO arrays were measured with different timing measurement methods. The detector modules were composed of LYSO arrays of 8 × 8 with a crystal size of 3.10 × 3.10 × 20 mm3 or 13 × 13 with a crystals size of 1.88 × 1.88 × 20 mm3, coupled at each end to an 8 × 8 Hamama

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Wang, Yinan, Leland Nordin, Sukrith Dev, Monica Allen, Jeffery Allen, and Daniel Wasserman. "High-speed mid-wave infrared holey photodetectors." Journal of Applied Physics 133, no. 10 (2023): 104501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0141159.

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We demonstrate high-speed mid-wave infrared photoconductive detectors leveraging a lattice-mismatched, epitaxially grown InSb absorber material patterned with nanometer-scale hole arrays. We show that the nano-scale hole patterns allow for post-growth control over the detector response time by introducing recombination surfaces to increase non-radiative recombination. The photoconductive pixels are integrated into a microwave coplanar waveguide for high frequency characterization. The detector response is characterized as a function of temperature and hole-array dimensions. We show a detector

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Salzmann, Hans, Per Nielsen, and Chris Gowers. "Digital single-photon-avalanche-diode arrays for time-of-flight Thomson scattering diagnostics." Review of Scientific Instruments 93, no. 8 (2022): 083517. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0095252.

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The collection optics of Thomson scattering systems for plasma devices are designed with maximum possible étendue to keep the required laser energy low. If the spatial resolution along the laser beam is performed by a time-of-flight method, then the detectors, in addition to a large sensitive area, must offer a high frequency bandwidth. Up until now, only microchannel-plate photomultipliers meet these requirements. Here, we investigate the potential use of digital avalanche photodiode arrays operated in the Geiger mode as alternative detectors. In this mode of operation, each array will serve

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Sareen, Rob. "Semiconductor X-Ray Detectors." Microscopy Today 6, no. 6 (1998): 8–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1551929500068152.

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Detection of characteristic x-rays is a fascinating and challenging subject. From its early beginnings with gas proportional counters it has evolved, like many branches of technology, into the use of a variety of semiconductors.The lithium compensated silicon detector [Si(Li)] has been the predominant measuring tool over the last two decades, in the last five years, increasing numbers of high purity germanium detectors (HPG) have appeared and more recently a plethora of new materials and concepts are seeing a successful introduction. Among these newer materials are compound semiconductors like

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Clay, Roger. "Measurements of Decoherence in Small Sea-Level Extensive Air Showers." Universe 10, no. 8 (2024): 308. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/universe10080308.

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A study is made of the progressive ‘decoherence’ of cosmic ray extensive air-shower particle-detector signals in small air showers through measurements of coincidence rates for pairs of detectors versus the detector separation. Measurements are made both when only the two separated detectors themselves trigger in coincidence, and when that coincidence trigger also requires the detection of a local air shower by a small external air-shower array. The addition of the explicit air-shower trigger ensures that the latter data correspond to showers of a larger particle size, and triggering by very l

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Doğangün, O., F. Özok, U. Dündar, and M. N. Erduran. "A clustering algorithm based on jet algorithms for cross-talk events in neutron detector arrays." Journal of Instrumentation 17, no. 11 (2022): P11011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/17/11/p11011.

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Abstract A clustering algorithm based on the jet (cascade of particles descendant from a single particle due to hadronization) algorithms used in High Energy Physics is presented for identification of neutron cross-talk events in neutron detector arrays with one layer by defining a temporal distance function, instead of transverse energy. Detector simulations on an array of neutron detectors show a significant improvement when compared with neighbor rejection technique and the method of gating with time-of-flight difference.

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Paiella, A., A. Coppolecchia, P. de Bernardis, et al. "Total power horn-coupled 150 GHz LEKID array for space applications." Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics 2022, no. 06 (2022): 009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1475-7516/2022/06/009.

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Abstract We have developed two arrays of lumped element kinetic inductance detectors working in the D-band, and optimised for the low radiative background conditions of a satellite mission aiming at precision measurements of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) radiation. The first detector array is sensitive to the total power of the incoming radiation to which is coupled via single-mode waveguides and corrugated feed-horns, while the second is sensitive to the polarisation of the radiation thanks to orthomode transducers. Here, we focus on the total power detector array, which is suitable,

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Bormett, Richard W., and Sanford A. Asher. "2-D Light Diffraction from CCD and Intensified Reticon Multichannel Detectors Causes Spectrometer Stray Light Problems." Applied Spectroscopy 48, no. 1 (1994): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1366/0003702944027561.

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Intensified diode arrays and charge-coupled detectors (CCD) which are used as multichannel detectors for spectroscopy exhibit strong 2-D diffraction of light due to the micro-channel plate intensifier and the CCD surface microelectronic structures. The strong 2-D diffraction of light by the intensified diode arrays shows hexagonal symmetry due to the hexagonal packing of the hollow glass fibers of the micro-channel plate intensifier. The 2-D diffraction of light from the CCD detectors shows square symmetry due to the almost square symmetry of the individual surface microelectronic structures.

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Reichenberger, Michael A., Daniel M. Nichols, Sarah R. Stevenson, et al. "Fabrication and Testing of a Modular Micro-Pocket Fission Detector Instrumentation System for Test Nuclear Reactors." EPJ Web of Conferences 170 (2018): 04018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201817004018.

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Advancements in nuclear reactor core modeling and computational capability have encouraged further development of in-core neutron sensors. Measurement of the neutron-flux distribution within the reactor core provides a more complete understanding of the operating conditions in the reactor than typical ex-core sensors. Micro-Pocket Fission Detectors have been developed and tested previously but have been limited to single-node operation and have utilized highly specialized designs. The development of a widely deployable, multi-node Micro-Pocket Fission Detector assembly will enhance nuclear res

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Akbarov, Ramil, Sabuhi Nuruyev, Sergei Tyutyunnikov, Patrik Kucera, and Michael Holik. "Development and testing of compact electronic modules for detectors based on SiPM array." Open Research Europe 5 (January 31, 2025): 33. https://doi.org/10.12688/openreseurope.19256.1.

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Background Compact electronic modules are essential for modern detector systems utilizing Silicon Photomultiplier (SiPM) arrays due to their small size, low power consumption, and high precision. To address the growing demand for portable and efficient detection systems, the development of modules tailored for such applications has become a critical focus. This study introduces compact electronic modules designed for detectors based on MAPD (Microcell Avalanche Photodiode) arrays, aiming to improve reliability and versatility for industrial, medical, and scientific applications. Methods The de

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Pryga, Jerzy, Krzysztof Wiesław Woźniak, Łukasz Bibrzycki, et al. "Geant4 Simulations of a Scintillator Cosmic-Ray Detector." Applied Sciences 15, no. 12 (2025): 6652. https://doi.org/10.3390/app15126652.

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Reliable cosmic-ray measurements require a thorough understanding of the detector used. It is especially important when detectors are very simple like the scintillator detectors considered in this work, which provide only information about the amplitude of the signal generated by a detected particle. Arrays of these devices can work in coincidental setups to detect Extensive Air Showers caused by high-energy primary cosmic rays. Due to their low cost and simple design, they can be used as elements of large detector networks needed for the search for global correlations in the cosmic rays. To b

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Ridgway, Stephen T., and Kenneth H. Hinkle. "The Impact of Array Detectors on High Resolution Infrared Spectroscopy." Symposium - International Astronomical Union 132 (1988): 61–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0074180900034781.

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Infrared detector arrays implemented for astronomical use during the past few years achieve performance gains which have profound implications for infrared spectroscopy. Arrays are now available with ∼ few × 103 pixels, each of which is ∼ 102 times more sensitive than previous single element detectors. Depending on the spectral regime, it is now possible to construct infrared spectrometers with limiting sensitivities 10–500 times fainter than in current use.

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Grace, E., J. Beall, J. Britton, et al. "Design and Performance of Kilo-Pixel TES Arrays for ACTPol." Applied Superconductivity, IEEE Transactions on 23, no. 3 (2013): 2500704. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tasc.2013.2242191.

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ACTPol, a polarization sensitive receiver for the Atacama Cosmology Telescope, is designed to make sensitive maps of the cosmic microwave background anisotropies at arcminute scales and millimeter wavelengths by employing three arrays of superconducting transition edge sensor (TES) detectors. The ACTPol TES bolometers have a target superconducting transition temperature of 150 mK and will be cooled to a bath temperature of 100 mK with a dilution refrigerator enabling increased array sensitivity. Each array will consist of ~1000 TES detectors coupled to a micromachined silicon feedhorn stack vi

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Ayala-Torres, Marco Alberto, Lucina Gabriela Espinoza Beltrán, Marcos Aurelio Fontaine Sanchez, et al. "Performance of BeBe, a proposed dedicated beam-beam monitoring detector for the MPD-NICA experiment at JINR." Journal of Instrumentation 17, no. 09 (2022): P09031. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/17/09/p09031.

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Abstract The Multipurpose Detector (MPD) is an experimental array, currently under construction, designed to study the nuclear matter created during the collisions that will be provided by the Nuclotron-based Ion Collider fAcility (NICA) at JINR. The MPD-NICA experiment consists of a typical array of particle detectors as those used to study heavy-ion collisions at LHC and RHIC. To increase the trigger capabilities of MPD for stage 2 of NICA operation, a detector constituted by two arrays of 80 plastic scintillator cells each located symmetrically at opposite sides of the interaction point of

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Sperline, R. P., A. K. Knight, C. A. Gresham, D. W. Koppenaal, G. M. Hieftje, and M. B. Denton. "Read-Noise Characterization of Focal Plane Array Detectors via Mean-Variance Analysis." Applied Spectroscopy 59, no. 11 (2005): 1315–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1366/000370205774783250.

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Mean-variance analysis is described as a method for characterization of the read-noise and gain of focal plane array (FPA) detectors, including charge-coupled devices (CCDs), charge-injection devices (CIDs), and complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) multiplexers (infrared arrays). Practical FPA detector characterization is outlined. The nondestructive readout capability available in some CIDs and FPA devices is discussed as a means for signal-to-noise ratio improvement. Derivations of the equations are fully presented to unify understanding of this method by the spectroscopic communit

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Norton, P. "Third-generation sensors for night vision." Opto-Electronics Review 14, no. 1 (2006): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/s11772-006-0001-5.

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AbstractThird generation sensors are under development to enhance capabilities for target detection and identification, threat warning, and 3D imaging. Distinct programs for both cooled HgCdTe and uncooled microbolometer devices are part of this thrust. This paper will describe the technology for HgCdle two-colour, high-definition imaging sensors and threat warning devices, avalanche photodiode arrays for 3D imaging, and the supporting technology being developed to enhance the readouts that support these devices. Uncooled detector initiatives will also be described to reduce pixel size in conj

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Chakraborty, A., R. Kshetri, and A. S. Patra. "Modeling of U-shaped composite detectors." Journal of Instrumentation 16, no. 12 (2021): T12006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/16/12/t12006.

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Abstract We have investigated the basic operation of a composite detector comprising of elements arranged in the shape of an U-shaped rectangular well. Considering an isotropic scattering of gamma-rays and partial energy absorptions in up to four detector modules, expressions for the addback factor and the peak-to-total ratio have been obtained in terms of only one probability amplitude. We have compared the performance of two U-shaped detectors having different geometries and observed negligible gain in addback due to the longer arms. For completeness, comparisons have been made with composit

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Morrison, Jane E., Daniel Dicken, Ioannis Argyriou, et al. "JWST MIRI Flight Performance: Detector Effects and Data Reduction Algorithms." Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific 135, no. 1049 (2023): 075004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1538-3873/acdea6.

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Abstract The detectors in the Mid-Infrared Instrument (MIRI) of the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) are arsenic-doped silicon impurity band conduction (Si:As IBC) devices and are direct descendants of the Spitzer IRAC long wavelength arrays (channels 3 and 4). With appropriate data processing, they can provide excellent performance. In this paper we discuss the various non-ideal behaviors of these detectors that need to be addressed to realize their potential. We have developed a set of algorithms toward this goal, building on experience with previous similar detector arrays. The MIRI-specif

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Pardo-Montero, Juan, Jose Paz-Martín, Luis Brualla-Gónzalez, and Faustino Gómez. "Online Recombination Correction in Dosimetry with Arrays of Ionization Chambers: Application to FFF and UHDR Radiotherapy." Applied Sciences 11, no. 21 (2021): 10083. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app112110083.

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Recombination of charge carriers can affect the response of ionization detectors used for the dosimetry of radiotherapy fields. In this work, we present a method for correcting online the recombination effects in arrays of ionization chambers irradiated with time-varying dose rates. The method is based on the characterization of the dose rate/recombination response of the detector, and the measurement of the instant ionization current in the detector, rather than the integrated charge. The proposed method was investigated with simulations of the response of different air and liquid ionization

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Ferguson, K. R., A. N. Bender, N. Whitehorn, et al. "Automated analysis of the visual properties of superconducting detectors." Journal of Instrumentation 20, no. 06 (2025): P06011. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/20/06/p06011.

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Abstract The testing and quality assurance of cryogenic superconducting detectors is a time- and labor-intensive process. As experiments deploy increasingly larger arrays of detectors, new methods are needed for performing this testing quickly. Here, we propose a process for flagging under-performing detector wafers before they are ever tested cryogenically. Detectors are imaged under an optical microscope, and computer vision techniques are used to analyze the images, searching for visual defects and other predictors of poor performance. Pipeline performance is verified via a suite of images

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HAHN, I., P. DAY, B. BUMBLE, and H. G. LEDUC. "ADVANCED HYBRID SQUID MULTIPLEXER CONCEPT FOR THE NEXT GENERATION OF ASTRONOMICAL INSTRUMENTS." International Journal of Modern Physics D 16, no. 12b (2007): 2407–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218271807011413.

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The Superconducting Quantum Interference Device (SQUID) has been used and proposed often to read out low-temperature detectors for astronomical instruments. A multiplexed SQUID readout for currently envisioned astronomical detector arrays, which will have tens of thousands of pixels, is still challenging with the present technology. We present a new, advanced multiplexing concept and its prototype development that will allow for the readout of 1,000–10,000 detectors with only three pairs of wires and a single microwave coaxial cable.

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Tueros-Cuadros, E., L. Otiniano, J. Chirinos, C. Soncco, and W. Guevara-Day. "The LAGO (Large Aperture GRB Observatory) in Peru." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 7, S286 (2011): 445–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921312005248.

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AbstractThe Large Aperture GRBs Observatory is a continental-wide observatory devised to detect high energy (around 100 GeV) component of Gamma Ray Bursts (GRBs), by using the single particle technique in arrays of Water Cherenkov Detectors (WCDs) at high mountain sites of Argentina, Bolivia, Colombia, Guatemala, Mexico, Venezuela and Peru. Details of the instalation and operation of the detectors in Marcapomacocha in Peru at 4550 m.a.s.l. are given. The detector calibration method will also be shown.

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Kravka, Antonín, Eva Santos, Maximilian Stadelmaier, and Alexey Yushkov. "Reconstruction of the muon production longitudinal profiles in extensive air showers." EPJ Web of Conferences 283 (2023): 05009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202328305009.

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Muons produced in extensive air showers have large decay lengths and small radiative energy losses, enabling a large fraction of them to reach surface and underground detector arrays while keeping relevant information about the hadronic interactions that occurred high in the atmosphere. We can relate a muon’s arrival time and position at the detector to its production depth in the atmosphere. The total delay of muons with respect to the shower plane is primarily due to their geometric path and energy, we call these contributions the geometric and kinematic delays, respectively. We are working

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Aspinall, Michael D., and Ashley R. Jones. "Modeling Photo-multiplier Gain and Regenerating Pulse Height Data for Application Development." EPJ Web of Conferences 170 (2018): 07001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201817007001.

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Systems that adopt organic scintillation detector arrays often require a calibration process prior to the intended measurement campaign to correct for significant performance variances between detectors within the array. These differences exist because of low tolerances associated with photo-multiplier tube technology and environmental influences. Differences in detector response can be corrected for by adjusting the supplied photo-multiplier tube voltage to control its gain and the effect that this has on the pulse height spectra from a gamma-only calibration source with a defined photo-peak.

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Zani, A. "The DarkSide-20k experiment." Journal of Instrumentation 19, no. 03 (2024): C03058. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/19/03/c03058.

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Abstract The DarkSide-20k experiment represents the present goal of the Global Argon Dark Matter Collaboration program. Bringing together the experience from previous argon-based detectors, as well as the knowledge gained on large volume membrane cryostats developed within the DUNE program, the community is now building a dual-phase LAr-TPC equipped with SiPM arrays for light readout. The main goal of the experiment is to discover or to extend the current sensitivity limits on the search for dark matter WIMP-like particles. Currently, the experiment has entered the construction phase and the e

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Bonesini, Maurizio, Roberto Bertoni, Andrea Abba, Francesco Caponio, Marco Prata, and Massimo Rossella. "Improving the Time Resolution of Large-Area LaBr3:Ce Detectors with SiPM Array Readout." Condensed Matter 8, no. 4 (2023): 99. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/condmat8040099.

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LaBr3:Ce crystals have good scintillation properties for X-ray spectroscopy. Initially, they were introduced for radiation imaging in medical physics with either a photomultiplier or SiPM readout, and they found extensive applications in homeland security and gamma-ray astronomy. We used 1″ round LaBr3:Ce crystals to realize compact detectors with the SiPM array readout. The aim was a good energy resolution and a fast time response to detect low-energy X-rays around 100 keV. A natural application was found inside the FAMU experiment, at RIKEN RAL. Its aim is a precise measurement of the proton

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Maiorano, Michele, Francesco De Paolis, and Achille A. Nucita. "Principles of Gravitational-Wave Detection with Pulsar Timing Arrays." Symmetry 13, no. 12 (2021): 2418. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym13122418.

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Pulsar timing uses the highly stable pulsar spin period to investigate many astrophysical topics. In particular, pulsar timing arrays make use of a set of extremely well-timed pulsars and their time correlations as a challenging detector of gravitational waves. It turns out that pulsar timing arrays are particularly sensitive to ultra-low-frequency gravitational waves, which makes them complementary to other gravitational-wave detectors. Here, we summarize the basics, focusing especially on supermassive black-hole binaries and cosmic strings, which have the potential to form a stochastic gravi

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Moseley, Harvey. "Monolithic Si Bolometer Arrays: Detectors for Far Infrared and Submillimeter Detection." Symposium - International Astronomical Union 167 (1995): 95–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0074180900056321.

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The improvement of photoconductors and photovoltaic detectors for λ < 200 μm has displaced bolometers as detectors of choice for many applications requiring high sensitivity. Continued development of bolometers for operation at low temperatures (T < 0.1 K) has resulted in significant improvements in their sensitivity, making them excellent choices for many broad band applications at λ > 200 μm, cryogenic spectrometer applications in the submillimeter, and applications requiring extreme stability and ease of calibration.I will describe the development of bolometers over the past decade

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Knap, C. H. "Signal detectors for deformable hydrophone arrays." IEEE Transactions on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing 37, no. 1 (1989): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/29.17495.

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Ciria, J. C., and C. Giovannella. "Josephson junction arrays as photofluxonic detectors." Czechoslovak Journal of Physics 46, S5 (1996): 2901–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02570437.

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Humphreys, R. G. "Specification of infrared detectors and arrays." Infrared Physics 28, no. 1 (1988): 29–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0020-0891(88)90017-6.

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Bonesini, M., R. Bertoni, M. Prata, and M. Rossella. "Online control of the gain drift with temperature of SiPM arrays used for the readout of LaBr₃:Ce crystals." Journal of Instrumentation 17, no. 10 (2022): C10004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/17/10/c10004.

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Abstract LaBr3:Ce crystals have been introduced for radiation imaging in medical physics, with photomultiplier or single SiPM readout. An R&D was pursued with 1/2″ and 1″ LaBr3:Ce crystals, from different producers, to realize compact large area detectors (up to some cm2 area) with SiPM array readout, aiming at high light yields, good energy resolution, good detector linearity and fast time response for low-energy X-rays. A natural application was found inside the FAMU project at RIKEN-RAL muon facility, that aims at a precise measure of the proton Zemach radius to solve the so-called “pro

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Fazio, Giovanni G. "The Impact of Infrared Array Technology on Astronomy." Symposium - International Astronomical Union 167 (1995): 93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s007418090005631x.

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Over the past ten years a technological revolution has occurred in the development of two-dimensional infrared array detectors for astronomical observations. The wide application of these arrays for both ground-based and space observations has resulted in a profound change in the capabilities and perspective for infrared astronomy, resulting in new views of the infrared sky. A review will be presented describing these detectors, the numerous advantages they provide for astronomical observations, the present state of array technology, and the potential for future growth.

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Monnier, John D. "Infrared interferometry of circumstellar envelopes." Symposium - International Astronomical Union 191 (1999): 321–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0074180900203239.

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This paper will review the technical progress of interferometric infrared observing techniques from the first 2-element interferometer 25 years ago to the 3+ element arrays now coming into service. To date, only the Infrared Spatial Interferometer (ISI) has published separate-element interferometric data on circumstellar dust shells in the infrared and many of these scientific results will be discussed. Speckle interferometry has also evolved significantly over the last few decades as slit-scanning techniques over single-pixel detectors have largely been replaced by fast-readout of large forma

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Korzenev, A., F. Barao, S. Bordoni та ін. "A 4π time-of-flight detector for the ND280/T2K upgrade". Journal of Instrumentation 17, № 01 (2022): P01016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/17/01/p01016.

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Abstract ND280 is a near detector of the T2K experiment which is located in the J-PARC accelerator complex in Japan. After a decade of fruitful data-taking, ND280 is scheduled for upgrade. The time-of-flight (ToF) detector, which is described in this article, is one of three new detectors that will be installed in the basket of ND280. The ToF detector has a modular structure. Each module represents an array of 20 plastic scintillator bars which are stacked in a plane of 2.4 × 2.2 m2 area. Six modules of similar construction will be assembled in a cube, thus providing an almost 4π enclosure for

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Mitrofanov, Oleg, and Igal Brener. "All-dielectric photoconductive metasurfaces for terahertz applications." Photoniques, no. 101 (March 2020): 47–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/photon/202010147.

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We review applications of all-dielectric metasurfaces for one of the cornerstone technologies in THz research – ultrafast photoconductive (PC) switches – which are widely used as sources and detectors of broadband THz pulses. Nanostructuring the PC switch channel as a perfectly-absorbing and optically thin PC metasurface allows us to engineer the optical as well as the electronic properties of the channel and improve the efficiency of THz detectors. This approach also opens new routes for employing novel PC materials and enabling new device architectures including THz detector arrays.

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Capello, Kevin, Ryan Moffat, and Aryanna Schiebelbein. "Optimizing the Positioning of Detectors for Improved Counting Efficiencies Using Monte Carlo Simulations." Health Physics 126, no. 5 (2024): 309–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/hp.0000000000001794.

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Abstract The Human Monitoring Laboratory (HML) at Health Canada updated its whole-body counter with four new electrically cooled HPGe detectors. To optimize the counting efficiency of the new system, Monte Carlo simulation was used to model the whole-body counter using a reference BOMAB male phantom. The resulting modeled counting efficiencies showed that the best position to install the four new detectors could be obtained without performing laborious real measurements, thereby reducing the cost of preparing the BOMAB phantoms and reconfiguring the detector arrays in multiple geometries, savi

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Gordon, Samuel, Brad Dober, Adrian Sinclair, et al. "An Open Source, FPGA-Based LeKID Readout for BLAST-TNG: Pre-Flight Results." Journal of Astronomical Instrumentation 05, no. 04 (2016): 1641003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2251171716410038.

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We present a highly frequency multiplexed readout for large-format superconducting detector arrays intended for use in the next generation of balloon-borne and space-based sub-millimeter and far-infrared missions. We will demonstrate this technology on the upcoming NASA Next Generation Balloon-borne Large Aperture Sub-millimeter Telescope (BLAST-TNG) to measure the polarized emission of Galactic dust at wavelengths of 250, 350 and 500 microns. The BLAST-TNG receiver incorporates the first arrays of Lumped Element Kinetic Inductance Detectors (LeKID) along with the first microwave multiplexing

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Wibig, Tadeusz, and Michał Karbowiak. "CREDO-Maze Cosmic Ray Mini-Array for Educational Purposes." Symmetry 14, no. 3 (2022): 500. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym14030500.

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In this paper, we present the concept of local networks of small extensive air shower arrays installed mainly in secondary schools. As part of the CREDO-Maze Project, we plan to equip as many schools as possible with sets of detectors capable of detecting extensive air showers and transmitting their data to the central CREDO Project server. The synergy of such a network will make it possible to create a CREDO "global detector" and carry out physical research sensu stricto, e.g., the search for the Gerasimova–Zatsepin effect or the Cosmic Ray Ensemble. The discovery of one or the other would ha

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Сойфер, Yuriy Soyfer, Макарова, et al. "Ultrasonic Testing of Railway Transport Units with Phased Array Flaw Detectors. Part 2." NDT World 18, no. 4 (2015): 76–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/14545.

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The second part of the article describes possibilities of phased array flaw detectors application for testing of railway transport units, such as solebars of freight cars. The task was to reproduce the standard testing procedures using phased array flaw detectors and demonstrate their advantages in visibility, efficiency, repeatability, results validity. Unfortunately, one of the main advantages of phased array flaw detectors, namely – a possibility to control the focusing depth – is lost while testing of large scale objects. Sector scanning technique with the phased array flaw detectors

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Yang, Bo, Yizhen Yu, Guixue Zhang, Xiumei Shao, and Xue Li. "Design and Fabrication of Broadband InGaAs Detectors Integrated with Nanostructures." Sensors 23, no. 14 (2023): 6556. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23146556.

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A visible–extended shortwave infrared indium gallium arsenide (InGaAs) focal plane array (FPA) detector is the ideal choice for reducing the size, weight and power (SWaP) of infrared imaging systems, especially in low-light night vision and other fields that require simultaneous visible and near-infrared light detection. However, the lower quantum efficiency in the visible band has limited the extensive application of the visible–extended InGaAs FPA. Recently, a novel optical metasurface has been considered a solution for a high-performance semiconductor photoelectric device due to its highly

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Rämer, Adam, Edoardo Negri, Eugen Dischke, et al. "Monolithically Integrated THz Detectors Based on High-Electron-Mobility Transistors." Sensors 25, no. 11 (2025): 3539. https://doi.org/10.3390/s25113539.

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We present THz direct detectors based on an AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistor (HEMT), featuring excellent optical sensitivity and low noise-equivalent power (NEP). These detectors are monolithically integrated with various antenna designs and exhibit state-of-the-art performance at room temperature. Their architecture enables straightforward scaling to two-dimensional formats, paving the way for terahertz focal plane arrays (FPAs). In particular, for one detector type, a fully realized THz FPA has been demonstrated in this paper. Theoretical and experimental characterizations are pro

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Parsons, A., D. M. Palmer, P. Kurczynski, et al. "Performance of Prototype Segmented CdZnTe Arrays." MRS Proceedings 487 (1997). http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/proc-487-147.

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AbstractThe Burst and All Sky Imaging Survey (BASIS) is a proposed mission to provide ∼3 arc second locations of approximately 90 Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs) per year. The BASIS coded aperture imaging system requires a segmented detector plane able to detect the interaction position of (10 - 150 keV) photons to less than 100 μm. To develop prototype detector arrays with such fine position resolution we have fabricated many 15 mm × 15 mm × 2 mm 100 μm pitch CdZnTe strip detectors. We have assembled these fine pitch CdZnTe strip detectors into prototype 2 × 2 and 6 × 6 element arrays read out by ASI

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