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Journal articles on the topic 'Arsenate reduction'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2025

Last updated: 1 August 2025

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1

Murphy, Julie N., and Chad W. Saltikov. "The ArsR Repressor Mediates Arsenite-Dependent Regulation of Arsenate Respiration and Detoxification Operons of Shewanella sp. Strain ANA-3." Journal of Bacteriology 191, no. 21 (2009): 6722–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.00801-09.

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ABSTRACT Microbial arsenate reduction affects the fate and transport of arsenic in the environment. Arsenate respiratory (arr) and detoxifying (ars) reduction pathways in Shewanella sp. strain ANA-3 are induced by arsenite and under anaerobic conditions. Here it is shown that an ArsR family protein, called ArsR2, regulates the arsenate respiratory reduction pathway in response to elevated arsenite under anaerobic conditions. Strains lacking arsR2 grew faster in the presence of high levels of arsenite (3 mM). Moreover, expression of arrA and arsC (arsenate reductase-encoding genes) in the ΔarsR

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2

Islam, Md Zahidul, Mst Nusrat Jahan Arbi, Ripa Moni, et al. "Reduction of Arsenate in a new isolate of Bacillus megaterium." Jahangirnagar University Journal of Biological Sciences 8, no. 2 (2020): 47–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jujbs.v8i2.49839.

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In Bangladesh, the ground water of almost all the 64 districts are contaminated with arsenic and in some regions the arsenic concentration is above the World Health Organization’s guideline value. Bioremediation is in demand for its removal from water especially in rural areas. In this study, four soil samples were collected from arsenic contaminated areas of Chandpur, Bangladesh. In total 58 bacterial strains resistant to arsenate were isolated. Among them I-34 has the highest arsenate reducing capability. This bacteria showed resistance to high concentration of arsenite (100 mM) and arsenate

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3

Hollibaugh, James T., Charles Budinoff, Ryan A. Hollibaugh, Briana Ransom, and Nasreen Bano. "Sulfide Oxidation Coupled to Arsenate Reduction by a Diverse Microbial Community in a Soda Lake." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 72, no. 3 (2006): 2043–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.72.3.2043-2049.2006.

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ABSTRACT We characterized the arsenate-reducing, sulfide-oxidizing population of Mono Lake, California, by analyzing the distribution and diversity of rrnA, cbbL, and dissimilatory arsenate reductase (arrA) genes in environmental DNA, arsenate-plus sulfide-amended lake water, mixed cultures, and isolates. The arsenate-reducing community was diverse. An organism represented by an rrnA sequence previously retrieved from Mono Lake and affiliated with the Desulfobulbaceae (Deltaproteobacteria) appears to be an important member of the arsenate-reducing, sulfide-oxidizing community. Sulfide oxidatio

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4

Hoeft, Shelley E., Thomas R. Kulp, John F. Stolz, James T. Hollibaugh, and Ronald S. Oremland. "Dissimilatory Arsenate Reduction with Sulfide as Electron Donor: Experiments with Mono Lake Water and Isolation of Strain MLMS-1, a Chemoautotrophic Arsenate Respirer." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 70, no. 5 (2004): 2741–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.70.5.2741-2747.2004.

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ABSTRACT Anoxic bottom water from Mono Lake, California, can biologically reduce added arsenate without any addition of electron donors. Of the possible in situ inorganic electron donors present, only sulfide was sufficiently abundant to drive this reaction. We tested the ability of sulfide to serve as an electron donor for arsenate reduction in experiments with lake water. Reduction of arsenate to arsenite occurred simultaneously with the removal of sulfide. No loss of sulfide occurred in controls without arsenate or in sterilized samples containing both arsenate and sulfide. The rate of arse

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5

Rathinasabapathi, Bala, Suresh Babu Raman, Gina Kertulis, and Lena Ma. "Arsenic-resistant proteobacterium from the phyllosphere of arsenic-hyperaccumulating fern (Pteris vittata L.) reduces arsenate to arsenite." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 52, no. 7 (2006): 695–700. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/w06-017.

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An arsenic-resistant bacterium, AsRB1, was isolated from the fronds of Pteris vittata grown in a site contaminated with copper chromium arsenate. The bacterium exhibited resistance to arsenate, arsenite, and antimony in the culture medium. AsRB1, like Pseudomonas putida, grew on MacConkey and xylose–lactose–desoxycholate agars and utilized citrate but, unlike P. putida, was positive for indole test and negative for oxidase test. A phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene showed that AsRB1 is a proteobacterium of the beta subclass, related to Pseudomonas saccharophila and Variovorax paradoxus

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6

Nemeti, B. "Reduction of Arsenate to Arsenite in Hepatic Cytosol." Toxicological Sciences 70, no. 1 (2002): 4–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/toxsci/70.1.4.

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7

Shakya, S., and B. Pradhan. "Characterization of Dietzia natronolimnaea ASO3 Isolated from Arsenic Anriched Water Sources for its Potential to Arsenic Resistance and Removal." Journal of Institute of Medicine Nepal 36, no. 1 (2014): 50–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.59779/jiomnepal.579.

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Introduction: Arsenic is a known toxic metalloid ubiquitous in nature and exposure can occur from natural and anthropogenic sources. In organic arsenic both arsenite and arsenate constitute the highest toxicological risk associated with arsenic in drinking water. This study presents the arsenic resistance and removal capacity of a bacterial strain indigenous to arsenic enriched water of Rautahat district, Nepal. Methods: Identification was carried out by phenotypic and 16S rDNA sequence analysis. The optimal growth conditions regarding temperature, hydrogen ion concentration and salinity; grow

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8

Yang, Hung-Chi, Jiujun Cheng, Turlough M. Finan, Barry P. Rosen, and Hiranmoy Bhattacharjee. "Novel Pathway for Arsenic Detoxification in the Legume Symbiont Sinorhizobium meliloti." Journal of Bacteriology 187, no. 20 (2005): 6991–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.187.20.6991-6997.2005.

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ABSTRACT We report a novel pathway for arsenic detoxification in the legume symbiont Sinorhizobium meliloti. Although a majority of ars operons consist of three genes, arsR (transcriptional regulator), arsB [As(OH)3/H+ antiporter], and arsC (arsenate reductase), the S. meliloti ars operon includes an aquaglyceroporin (aqpS) in place of arsB. The presence of AqpS in an arsenic resistance operon is interesting, since aquaglyceroporin channels have previously been shown to adventitiously facilitate uptake of arsenite into cells, rendering them sensitive to arsenite. To understand the role of aqpS

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9

Kudo, Keitaro, Noriko Yamaguchi, Tomoyuki Makino, et al. "Release of Arsenic from Soil by a Novel Dissimilatory Arsenate-Reducing Bacterium, Anaeromyxobacter sp. Strain PSR-1." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 79, no. 15 (2013): 4635–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.00693-13.

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ABSTRACTA novel arsenate-reducing bacterium, designated strain PSR-1, was isolated from arsenic-contaminated soil. Strain PSR-1 was phylogenetically closely related toAnaeromyxobacter dehalogenans2CP-1Twith 16S rRNA gene similarity of 99.7% and coupled the oxidation of acetate with the reduction of arsenate. Arsenate reduction was inhibited almost completely by respiratory inhibitors such as dicumarol and 2-heptyl-4-hydroxyquinolineN-oxide. Strain PSR-1 also utilized soluble Fe(III), ferrihydrite, nitrate, oxygen, and fumarate as electron acceptors. Strain PSR-1 catalyzed the release of arseni

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10

Radabaugh, Timothy R., and H. Vasken Aposhian. "Enzymatic Reduction of Arsenic Compounds in Mammalian Systems: Reduction of Arsenate to Arsenite by Human Liver Arsenate Reductase." Chemical Research in Toxicology 13, no. 1 (2000): 26–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/tx990115k.

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11

Zargar, Kamrun, Shelley Hoeft, Ronald Oremland, and Chad W. Saltikov. "Identification of a Novel Arsenite Oxidase Gene, arxA, in the Haloalkaliphilic, Arsenite-Oxidizing Bacterium Alkalilimnicola ehrlichii Strain MLHE-1." Journal of Bacteriology 192, no. 14 (2010): 3755–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.00244-10.

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ABSTRACT Although arsenic is highly toxic to most organisms, certain prokaryotes are known to grow on and respire toxic metalloids of arsenic (i.e., arsenate and arsenite). Two enzymes are known to be required for this arsenic-based metabolism: (i) the arsenate respiratory reductase (ArrA) and (ii) arsenite oxidase (AoxB). Both catalytic enzymes contain molybdopterin cofactors and form distinct phylogenetic clades (ArrA and AoxB) within the dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) reductase family of enzymes. Here we report on the genetic identification of a “new” type of arsenite oxidase that fills a phylog

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12

Fisher, Jenny C., and James T. Hollibaugh. "Selenate-Dependent Anaerobic Arsenite Oxidation by a Bacterium from Mono Lake, California." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 74, no. 9 (2008): 2588–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.01995-07.

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ABSTRACT Arsenate was produced when anoxic Mono Lake water samples were amended with arsenite and either selenate or nitrate. Arsenite oxidation did not occur in killed control samples or live samples with no added terminal electron acceptor. Potential rates of anaerobic arsenite oxidation with selenate were comparable to those with nitrate (∼12 to 15 μmol·liter−1 h−1). A pure culture capable of selenate-dependent anaerobic arsenite oxidation (strain ML-SRAO) was isolated from Mono Lake water into a defined salts medium with selenate, arsenite, and yeast extract. This strain does not grow chem

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13

Zobrist, Juerg, Philip R. Dowdle, James A. Davis, and Ronald S. Oremland. "Mobilization of Arsenite by Dissimilatory Reduction of Adsorbed Arsenate." Environmental Science & Technology 34, no. 22 (2000): 4747–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es001068h.

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14

Larroca, Fabricio Paredes, Erich Saettone Olschewski, Javier Quino-Favero, Jimmy Rosales Huamaní, and José Luis Castillo Sequera. "Water Treatment Plant Prototype with pH Control Modeled on Fuzzy Logic for Removing Arsenic Using Fe(VI) and Fe(III)." Water 12, no. 10 (2020): 2834. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12102834.

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This study proposes a fuzzy control strategy embedded in a Siemens IoT2040 gateway developed for removing inorganic arsenic from synthetic underground water in a treatment plant prototype. The prototype is used to dose a constant flow of Fe(VI) to maintain an oxide-reduction potential to guarantee the oxidation of arsenite into arsenate, while the fuzzy logic embedded in the IoT control manages the addition of Fe(III) to achieve a proper pH adjustment and efficient arsenate removal. The tests used synthetic Bangladesh groundwater enriched with 200 µg/L of arsenite and 200 µg/L of arsenate. The

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15

Lim, K. T., M. Y. Shukor, and H. Wasoh. "Physical, Chemical, and Biological Methods for the Removal of Arsenic Compounds." BioMed Research International 2014 (2014): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/503784.

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Arsenic is a toxic metalloid which is widely distributed in nature. It is normally present as arsenate under oxic conditions while arsenite is predominant under reducing condition. The major discharges of arsenic in the environment are mainly due to natural sources such as aquifers and anthropogenic sources. It is known that arsenite salts are more toxic than arsenate as it binds with vicinal thiols in pyruvate dehydrogenase while arsenate inhibits the oxidative phosphorylation process. The common mechanisms for arsenic detoxification are uptaken by phosphate transporters, aquaglyceroporins, a

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16

Glasser, Nathaniel R., Paul H. Oyala, Thomas H. Osborne, Joanne M. Santini, and Dianne K. Newman. "Structural and mechanistic analysis of the arsenate respiratory reductase provides insight into environmental arsenic transformations." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 115, no. 37 (2018): E8614—E8623. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1807984115.

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Arsenate respiration by bacteria was discovered over two decades ago and is catalyzed by diverse organisms using the well-conserved Arr enzyme complex. Until now, the mechanisms underpinning this metabolism have been relatively opaque. Here, we report the structure of an Arr complex (solved by X-ray crystallography to 1.6-Å resolution), which was enabled by an improved Arr expression method in the genetically tractable arsenate respirerShewanellasp. ANA-3. We also obtained structures bound with the substrate arsenate (1.8 Å), the product arsenite (1.8 Å), and the natural inhibitor phosphate (1

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17

Cuebas, Mariola, Aramis Villafane, Michelle McBride, Nathan Yee, and Elisabetta Bini. "Arsenate reduction and expression of multiple chromosomal ars operons in Geobacillus kaustophilus A1." Microbiology 157, no. 7 (2011): 2004–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/mic.0.048678-0.

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Geobacillus kaustophilus strain A1 was previously isolated from a geothermal environment for its ability to grow in the presence of high arsenate levels. In this study, the molecular mechanisms of arsenate resistance of the strain were investigated. As(V) was reduced to As(III), as shown by HPLC analysis. Consistent with the observation that the micro-organism is not capable of anaerobic growth, no respiratory arsenate reductases were identified. Using specific PCR primers based on the genome sequence of G. kaustophilus HTA426, three unlinked genes encoding detoxifying arsenate reductases were

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18

Sigrist, Jessica A., and Ian J. Burgess. "ATR–IR spectroelectrochemical studies of arsenic speciation at the ferrihydrite–solution interface." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 97, no. 6 (2019): 413–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjc-2018-0399.

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The adsorption of arsenic on an amorphous iron oxy(hydroxides) (ferrihydrite) under reductive conditions is reported. The fabrication of an ATR–IR spectroelectrochemical cell that allows the vibrational characterization of arsenate and arsenite adsorbed on a thin film of ferrihydrite is described. The cell is shown to allow the application of reductive conditions through the introduction of a working electrode that is positioned adjacent to the mineral phase. ATR–IR spectra reveal that increasingly negative solution potentials (Eh) leads to the loss of adsorbed arsenate prior to the reductive

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19

Shan, Huimei, Jinxian Zhang, Sanxi Peng, Hongbin Zhan, and Danxue Liao. "Sorption of Monothioarsenate to the Natural Sediments and Its Competition with Arsenite and Arsenate." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 23 (2021): 12839. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182312839.

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Monothioarsenate (MTAsV) is one of the major arsenic species in sulfur- or iron-rich groundwater, and the sediment adsorption of MTAsV plays an important role in arsenic cycling in the subsurface environment. In this study, batch experiments and characterization are conducted to investigate the sorption characteristic and mechanism of MTAsV on natural sediments and the influences of arsenite and arsenate. Results show that MTAsV adsorption on natural sediments is similar to arsenate and arsenite, manifested by a rapid early increasing stage, a slowly increasing stage at an intermediate time un

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20

Miyashita, Shin-ichi, Shoko Fujiwara, Mikio Tsuzuki, and Toshikazu Kaise. "Cyanobacteria produce arsenosugars." Environmental Chemistry 9, no. 5 (2012): 474. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/en12061.

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Environmental contextAlthough arsenic is known to accumulate in both marine and freshwater ecosystems, the pathways by which arsenic is accumulated and transferred in freshwater systems are reasonably unknown. This study revealed that freshwater cyanobacteria have the ability to produce arsenosugars from inorganic arsenic compounds. The findings suggest that not only algae, but cyanobacteria, play an important role in the arsenic cycle of aquatic ecosystems. AbstractMetabolic processes of incorporated arsenate in axenic cultures of the freshwater cyanobacteria Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 and No

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21

Palmer, Noel E., John H. Freudenthal, and Ray von Wandruszka. "Reduction of Arsenates by Humic Materials." Environmental Chemistry 3, no. 2 (2006): 131. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/en05081.

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Environmental Context.Reduction of arsenic(v) to arsenic(iii) in the environment is of interest because of the greater toxicity and mobility of the latter. It is important to know to what extent humic materials (which are ubiquitous in soils) can act as abiotic reducing agents, and what factors influence their actions. Abstract.Inorganic arsenates were found to be reduced to arsenite by homogeneous aqueous solutions of several humic and fulvic acids. Because of the concentration dependence of the redox potentials of humics, reduction was shown to be less likely in more concentrated solutions.

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22

Zobrist, J. "Microbial Arsenate Reduction vs Arsenate Sorption: Experiments with Ferrihydrite Suspensions." Mineralogical Magazine 62A, no. 3 (1998): 1707–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/minmag.1998.62a.3.228.

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23

Macy, J. M., J. M. Santini, B. V. Pauling, A. H. O'Neill, and L. I. Sly. "Two new arsenate/sulfate-reducing bacteria: mechanisms of arsenate reduction." Archives of Microbiology 173, no. 1 (2000): 49–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002030050007.

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24

Santini, Joanne M., Illo C. A. Streimann, and Rachel N. vanden Hoven. "Bacillus macyae sp. nov., an arsenate-respiring bacterium isolated from an Australian gold mine." International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 54, no. 6 (2004): 2241–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.63059-0.

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A strictly anaerobic arsenate-respiring bacterium isolated from a gold mine in Bendigo, Victoria, Australia, belonging to the genus Bacillus is described. Cells are Gram-positive, motile rods capable of respiring with arsenate and nitrate as terminal electron acceptors using a variety of substrates, including acetate as the electron donor. Reduction of arsenate to arsenite is catalysed by a membrane-bound arsenate reductase that displays activity over a broad pH range. Synthesis of the enzyme is regulated; maximal activity is obtained when the organism is grown with arsenate as the terminal el

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25

Murphy, Julie N., K. James Durbin, and Chad W. Saltikov. "Functional Roles of arcA, etrA, Cyclic AMP (cAMP)-cAMP Receptor Protein, and cya in the Arsenate Respiration Pathway in Shewanella sp. Strain ANA-3." Journal of Bacteriology 191, no. 3 (2008): 1035–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.01293-08.

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ABSTRACT Microbial arsenate respiration can enhance arsenic release from arsenic-bearing minerals—a process that can cause arsenic contamination of water. In Shewanella sp. strain ANA-3, the arsenate respiration genes (arrAB) are induced under anaerobic conditions with arsenate and arsenite. Here we report how genes that encode anaerobic regulator (arcA and etrA [fnr homolog]) and carbon catabolite repression (crp and cya) proteins affect arsenate respiration in ANA-3. Transcription of arcA, etrA, and crp in ANA-3 was similar in cells grown on arsenate and cells grown under aerobic conditions.

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26

Andjelkovic, Ivan, Dragan Manojlovic, Dragana Djordjevic, Biljana Dojcinovic, Goran Roglic, and Ljubisa Ignjatovic. "Arsenic removal from aqueous solutions by sorption onto zirconium- and titanium-modified sorbents." Journal of the Serbian Chemical Society 76, no. 10 (2011): 1427–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jsc101014125a.

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Arsenic reduction in drinking water can include treatment by adsorption, switching to alternative water sources, or blending with water that has a lower arsenic concentration. Commercial sorbents MTM, Greensand and BIRM (Clack Corporation) were modified with zirconium and titanium after activation. The modifications were performed with titanium tetrachloride and zirconium tetrachloride. The modified sorbents were dried at different temperatures. The sorption of arsenate and arsenite dissolved in drinking water (200?g L-1) onto the sorbents were tested using a batch procedure. After removal of

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27

Thomas, David J. "Arsenolysis and Thiol-Dependent Arsenate Reduction." Toxicological Sciences 117, no. 2 (2010): 249–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/toxsci/kfq224.

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28

Németi, Balázs, and Zoltán Gregus. "Reduction of Arsenate to Arsenite by Human Erythrocyte Lysate and Rat Liver Cytosol – Characterization of a Glutathione- and NAD-Dependent Arsenate Reduction Linked to Glycolysis." Toxicological Sciences 85, no. 2 (2005): 847–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/toxsci/kfi157.

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29

López-Maury, Luis, Ana María Sánchez-Riego, José Carlos Reyes, and Francisco J. Florencio. "The Glutathione/Glutaredoxin System Is Essential for Arsenate Reduction in Synechocystis sp. Strain PCC 6803." Journal of Bacteriology 191, no. 11 (2009): 3534–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.01798-08.

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ABSTRACT Arsenic resistance in Synechocystis sp. strain PCC 6803 is mediated by an operon of three genes in which arsC codes for an arsenate reductase with unique characteristics. Here we describe the identification of two additional and nearly identical genes coding for arsenate reductases in Synechocystis sp. strain PCC 6803, which we have designed arsI1 and arsI2, and the biochemical characterization of both ArsC (arsenate reductase) and ArsI. Functional analysis of single, double, and triple mutants shows that both ArsI enzymes are active arsenate reductases but that their roles in arsenat

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30

Kulp, T. R., S. E. Hoeft, L. G. Miller, et al. "Dissimilatory Arsenate and Sulfate Reduction in Sediments of Two Hypersaline, Arsenic-Rich Soda Lakes: Mono and Searles Lakes, California." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 72, no. 10 (2006): 6514–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.01066-06.

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ABSTRACT A radioisotope method was devised to study bacterial respiratory reduction of arsenate in sediments. The following two arsenic-rich soda lakes in California were chosen for comparison on the basis of their different salinities: Mono Lake (∼90 g/liter) and Searles Lake (∼340 g/liter). Profiles of arsenate reduction and sulfate reduction were constructed for both lakes. Reduction of [73As]arsenate occurred at all depth intervals in the cores from Mono Lake (rate constant [k] = 0.103 to 0.04 h−1) and Searles Lake (k = 0.012 to 0.002 h−1), and the highest activities occurred in the top se

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31

Rat, U. S., and T. S. B. Narasaraju. "Microanalytical determination of calcium, phosphate, and arsenate including kinetics of formation of molybdenum blue from reduction of molybdoarsenic acid by ferrous ammonium sulphate." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 65, no. 6 (1987): 1313–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v87-219.

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A method for the microdetermination of calcium, phosphate, and arsenate in mixtures of the three has been developed. In an aliquot of the mixture calcium was determined complexometrically using EDTA. Phosphate and arsenate were determined in second and third aliquots, respectively, using spectrophotometric methods. The interference of arsenate in the determination of phosphate was avoided by masking arsenate with thiosulphate. The kinetics of formation of molybdenum blue from molybdoarsenic acid by reduction with ferrous ammonium sulphate was also studied. The rate-determining step was found t

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32

Murphy, Julie N., and Chad W. Saltikov. "The cymA Gene, Encoding a Tetraheme c-Type Cytochrome, Is Required for Arsenate Respiration in Shewanella Species." Journal of Bacteriology 189, no. 6 (2007): 2283–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.01698-06.

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ABSTRACT In Shewanella sp. strain ANA-3, utilization of arsenate as a terminal electron acceptor is conferred by a two-gene operon, arrAB, which lacks a gene encoding a membrane-anchoring subunit for the soluble ArrAB protein complex. Analysis of the genome sequence of Shewanella putrefaciens strain CN-32 showed that it also contained the same arrAB operon with 100% nucleotide identity. Here, we report that CN-32 respires arsenate and that this metabolism is dependent on arrA and an additional gene encoding a membrane-associated tetraheme c-type cytochrome, cymA. Deletion of cymA in ANA-3 also

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33

Field, Jim A., Reyes Sierra-Alvarez, Irail Cortinas, et al. "Facile Reduction of Arsenate in Methanogenic Sludge." Biodegradation 15, no. 3 (2004): 185–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/b:biod.0000026697.10029.b2.

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34

Rochette, Elizabeth A., Benjamin C. Bostick, Guangchao Li, and Scott Fendorf. "Kinetics of Arsenate Reduction by Dissolved Sulfide." Environmental Science & Technology 34, no. 22 (2000): 4714–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es000963y.

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35

Slaughter, Deanne C., Richard E. Macur, and William P. Inskeep. "Inhibition of microbial arsenate reduction by phosphate." Microbiological Research 167, no. 3 (2012): 151–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.micres.2011.05.007.

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36

Freeman, M. C. "The reduction of arsenate to arsenite by anAnabaena‐bacteriaassemblage isolated from the Waikato River." New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research 19, no. 3 (1985): 277–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00288330.1985.9516095.

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37

Jain, Amita, Klaus P. Raven, and Richard H. Loeppert. "Arsenite and Arsenate Adsorption on Ferrihydrite: Surface Charge Reduction and Net OH-Release Stoichiometry." Environmental Science & Technology 33, no. 8 (1999): 1179–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es980722e.

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38

Lukasz, Drewniak, Rajpert Liwia, Mantur Aleksandra, and Sklodowska Aleksandra. "Dissolution of Arsenic Minerals Mediated by Dissimilatory Arsenate Reducing Bacteria: Estimation of the Physiological Potential for Arsenic Mobilization." BioMed Research International 2014 (2014): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/841892.

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The aim of this study was characterization of the isolated dissimilatory arsenate reducing bacteria in the context of their potential for arsenic removal from primary arsenic minerals through reductive dissolution. Four strains,Shewanellasp. OM1,Pseudomonassp. OM2,Aeromonassp. OM4, andSerratiasp. OM17, capable of anaerobic growth with As (V) reduction, were isolated from microbial mats from an ancient gold mine. All of the isolated strains: (i) produced siderophores that promote dissolution of minerals, (ii) were resistant to dissolved arsenic compounds, (iii) were able to use the dissolved ar

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39

Deng, Juhai, Guozheng Zha, Dachun Liu, Jilin He, and Wenlong Jiang. "Thermodynamic Behavior of As, Pb, and As during the Vacuum Carbothermal Reduction of Copper Anode Slime." Applied Sciences 13, no. 10 (2023): 5878. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app13105878.

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The use of copper anode slime (CAS) for the removal of lead, bismuth, and arsenic is the key to recovering precious metals. In this paper, vacuum differential gravimetry experiments combined with thermodynamic equilibrium calculations reveal the effects of the temperature, system pressure, and carbon concentration on the interactions among Pb, Bi, and As during reduction. The carbon content is a direct factor limiting the reduction reactions of sulfate and arsenate phases, and affects the presence of arsenate reduction products. When the carbon content of the system is insufficient, As mainly

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Luong, MW, and SW Rabkin. "Verapamil but not calpain or creatine alters arsenate-induced cardiac cell death." Toxicology and Industrial Health 25, no. 3 (2009): 169–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0748233709105593.

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The objective of this study was to examine the potential of arsenate to induce cardiomyocyte cell death and to explore the cellular mechanisms of arsenate toxicity. Isolated cardiomyocytes in culture from embryonic chick hearts were treated with a pentavalent arsenic species (H3AsO4) or arsenate. Arsenate produced a significant ( P < 0.01) concentration-dependent increase in cell death with an EC50 about 1 mM. Cardiomyocytes manifested a loss of actin structure, reduced size, and damaged nuclei. Creatine 0.1–100 uM did not significantly modify arsenate-induced cell death. In contrast, verap

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Liu, Ze-Tao, Wen-Dong Xian, Meng-Meng Li, et al. "Microvirga arsenatis sp. nov., an arsenate reduction bacterium isolated from Tibet hot spring sediments." Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 113, no. 8 (2020): 1147–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10482-020-01421-6.

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Jones, C. A., H. W. Langner, K. Anderson, T. R. McDermott, and W. P. Inskeep. "Rates of Microbially Mediated Arsenate Reduction and Solubilization." Soil Science Society of America Journal 64, no. 2 (2000): 600–608. http://dx.doi.org/10.2136/sssaj2000.642600x.

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Messens, Joris, and Simon Silver. "Arsenate Reduction: Thiol Cascade Chemistry with Convergent Evolution." Journal of Molecular Biology 362, no. 1 (2006): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmb.2006.07.002.

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Vahter, Marie, and Erminio Marafante. "Reduction and binding of arsenate in marmoset monkeys." Archives of Toxicology 57, no. 2 (1985): 119–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00343121.

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Takimura, Osamu, Hiroyuki Fuse, Katsuzi Murakami, Kazuo Kamimura, and Yukiho Yamaoka. "Uptake and Reduction of Arsenate by Dunaliella sp." Applied Organometallic Chemistry 10, no. 9 (1996): 753–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1099-0739(199611)10:9<753::aid-aoc573>3.0.co;2-v.

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Radabaugh, Timothy R., Adriana Sampayo-Reyes, Robert A. Zakharyan, and H. Vasken Aposhian. "Arsenate Reductase II. Purine Nucleoside Phosphorylase in the Presence of Dihydrolipoic Acid Is a Route for Reduction of Arsenate to Arsenite in Mammalian Systems." Chemical Research in Toxicology 15, no. 5 (2002): 692–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/tx0101853.

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Stanforth, Robert. "Comment on “Arsenite and Arsenate Adsorption on Ferrihydrite: Surface Charge Reduction and Net OH-Release Stoichiometry”." Environmental Science & Technology 33, no. 20 (1999): 3695. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es990573f.

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Tsang, Susanna, Frank Phu, Marc M. Baum, and Gregory A. Poskrebyshev. "Determination of phosphate/arsenate by a modified molybdenum blue method and reduction of arsenate by S2O42−." Talanta 71, no. 4 (2007): 1560–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.talanta.2006.07.043.

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Langner, Heiko W., and William P. Inskeep. "Microbial Reduction of Arsenate in the Presence of Ferrihydrite." Environmental Science & Technology 34, no. 15 (2000): 3131–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es991414z.

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Worou, Chabi Noël, Zhong-Lin Chen, and Taofic Bacharou. "Arsenic removal from water by nanofiltration membrane: potentials and limitations." Water Practice and Technology 16, no. 2 (2021): 291–319. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wpt.2021.018.

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Abstract Arsenic, in addition to being a confirmed carcinogen, is one of the most toxic elements found in nature, and should therefore be removed if the concentration is greater than 10 μg/L. Nanofiltration (NF) membranes have succeeded in arsenate As (V) ions removal from water almost completely. It is reported in this review that, like reverse osmosis (RO) membranes, NF membranes have not yet performed alone arsenite As (III) ion rejection without being associated with another technology. Commercial NF membranes exhibited a rejection between 86 and 99% towards arsenate As (V) while As (V) re

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