Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Art et morale – 19e siècle'
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Fartas, Nadia. "Modernité et simplicité : l'art de la nuance. Littérature et arts visuels en France dans la seconde moitié du XIXe siècle." Paris, EHESS, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015EHES0162.
Full textThe peculiarity of modernity is to integrate criticism in its foundations and to allow questions as well as knowledge development. Therefore, modernity cannot be dissociated from movement and change. Thus, it implies a new kind of social, political and cultural relationship beween the singular and the collective, the particular and the universal, a complexity which XlXth literature managed to testify. However, it is noteworhy that the notion of simplicity is at the centre of the preoccupations of founder authors of artistic and literary modernity. In Flaubert's works dealing with modernity, Baudelaire's written works on arts and in urban views, either literary, pictorial or architectural ones, for instance Monet's series of The Rouen Cathedral, the simplicity forms and meanings which are associated to them make it possible to put the forms of change in a conspicuous position in order to make up an aesthetics of modernity based on shade instead of on binarism or dogmatism. If simplicity refers to what cannot be broken down, the main features of shade are, indeed, grade differences which can hardly be detected. The art of shade which originates in a modern revaluation of simplicity holds together the defence of the beautiful, the singularity of the work of art, the attention to reality, knowledge and new temporalities in order to thwart aesthetization, in other words a conception of the beautiful that covers the features of modernity. Thus, shade shows a new relationship between the visual and the verbal, the text and the image, which brings up to date the knotting between poetics, aesthetics and politics at the heart of modernity
Ferreira, Liliane. "Oscar Wilde : Esthétique et philosophie de la provocation." Paris 10, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA100007.
Full textThe ethical and aesthetic overdeterminations about Oscar Wilde, that blocked off the invisible of his work and being, compelled us to settle in the visible of his photograph in order to move gradually down the veiled circles of his troublemaking decisions. These decisions first take position in a feeling: the philosophical, esthetical and political propositions at stake in all his writings announce a determination of the will with libertarian and tragical mood. Led by a haunting melancholy, Wilde weaves a work that philosophy has yet to tackle, not only because of the quality of his esthetical suggestions, but also because he, by himself, said and made what every being may yet imagine and realize: the selftransformation of the self by the means of accomplished provocations. When the very being turns himself upside down in order to question the violence of a social system in all the contradictions and boundaries of the same system, when he abandons himself to it until his death wears his meaning of beauty, so then had we to unwind the Ariane's thread. The thread that brings us to reveal Wilde the tragedian, the freethinker who intuitioned his becoming, i. E. Who laid underground the conditions of his life as an artist and his esthetical demands in order to live them appropriately to his theories and extraordinary imagination. He who was a tragedian died tragically, but he did it on purpose. Oscar Wilde was born again on November the 30th 1900, waving to Nietzsche by the way
Dumaire, Sophie. "La technique du conte dans les dernières années du XVIIIe siècle." Paris 4, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA040213.
Full textHow is tale getting on when the Enlightenment is absorbed by the French Revolution? Which topics are used by this minor genre as it is called, whereas history asserts itself and the traditional environment is contested? In this storm, far from disappearing, tale survives and at the end of this century, is still, a long-lived and protean genre : in verse or in prose, with various inspirations like the marvellous East or the most conventional moral, tales are impregnated with the moral concerns of the moment, in a kind of internal metamorphosis
Stanić, Milovan. "La pensée morale de l'art : de Poussin au Bernin." Paris 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA010745.
Full textThe study concerns essentially two paintings of n. Poussin (the self-portrait and the arcadian shepherds), and the architectural projects of Bernini for the louvre in the reign of louis XIV (1665), a new approach restoring the sense and the historical importance of this works. The first part of the study intends to found the methods of its enquiries on the aesthetics, philosophical discipline which is supposed to be preceeding in this case as a particular hermeneutics. Constant ethical solicitudes for the thought concerning art are elucitated, solicitudes which are recognised in the study as horizons of sens attributed to art in particular historical contexts and which allow to go further in the comprehension of the works of art as well as of processes of creation. The paintings of poussin are thus interpreted according to the painter's conception of art, a moral conception which reconciles his personal, individual talent, and his rational work on the pictorial representation. The third part of the study deals with bernini's plans for the louvre, plans finally rejected and replaced by the present colonnade. The enquiry is based upon a new (critical) edition of chantelou's diary, and upon an important number of archive documents (edited in annex). The interpretation of facts and projects is focused on the esential gulf introduced between the genius of the artist and the decorum of the prince
Leroux, Serge. "L'Ancien Régime et la Révolution : de la morale naturelle à la morale républicaine (1750-1799)." Paris 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA010517.
Full textOur thesis consists of four sections that correspond to the different categories of intellectual history as defined by r. Darnton. In the first section, we outlined the "field" of ethics as we perceive it through the works, opinions, polemics of philosophers an moralists. We show how the christian ethic based on the revelation is gradually eroded by the idea of natural ethics, the two being mutually and reciprocally dependend. The second section analyses the ethical idea according to the opinions of the revolutionaries. The same themes are taken up again and studied in the context of the revolution in order to fully grasp the evolution and the interrelations that they imply. We demonstrate that from natural ethics to republican ethics, it is not the definition of the ethical idea that changes but rather its modalities of distribution and application. In the third section, we deal with the question of the distribution of the ethical idea in the french society through the various institutions created by the revolutionaries, while the fourth section analyses the processes of appropriation and reception of the message by the popular classes
Lemos, Maya Suemi. "Du discours moral au discours musical : le thème de la vanité dans la musique italienne post-tridentine." Paris 4, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA040103.
Full textThe theme of vanity underlies the entire episteme of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries: veritable discourse on the transience of life, on the ephemeral and vain character of all earthly things, it affects all the domains of artistic expression - literature, the visual arts, but also music. The musical representations on the theme of vanity abound in Post-Tridentine Italy, where they constitute an autonomous category within the ensemble of devotional music. Through the appropriation of almost every musical genre of the time - the sacred and the secular, the serious and learned but also the lighter forms - they take various discursive and operational paths. This variety testifies of the necessity to extend the moral discourse to all parts of society: the Vanities - be they pictorial, literal or musical - seem to materialize, in their condensation of meaning, the moral code of the time. Giving form to it, they affirm it and spread it, but can't, nevertheless, avoid to exhaust it
Buttay, Florence. "Fortuna : Usages politiques d'une allégorie morale (Italie et France, v.1460-70 - v.1600)." Paris 4, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA040026.
Full textWhy have so many sovereigns, just as so numerous captains and statesmen chosen it as their emblem at this period? This work analyses how an allegory, created for the edification of the faithful, becomes part of the political vocabulary. The “Renaissance of Antiquity” appears to be more the recovery and the adaptation of medieval culture to new needs, in particular to the development of political communication forms. Its expressions differ according to the types of documents considered. A pluridisciplinary approach of much varied sources anables us to bring out the specificity of each one of its uses. Censorship increases from 1530 onwards, Catholics and Protestants still use the allegory of Fortune in their rhetorical fighting through words and images
Cosnet, Bertrand. "L'imagerie morale italienne (v.1315 - v.1415) : figurer et personnifier les vertus selon les ordres mendiants et les communes toscanes." Thesis, Tours, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011TOUR2018.
Full textThe moral imagery knows an exceptional development in the Italian Peninsula between 1315 and 1415. The mendicant orders, in particular the Franciscans, the Dominicans and the Augustinians, are the main instigators of the revival of this theme. Completely turned towards the study and the propagation of morality, these three orders are in competition on the matter of virtues. Among the laymen, cities initiate a coherent imagery drawing the portrait of virtuous communes intended to legitimate the governments and to denounciate the tyrannical systems. From a large iconographic corpus (more than 700 pictures), the study of virtues and vices intends to find the function and the meaning of personifications in the Italian art on the eve of Modern history. The analysis of pictures brings to light the notions that underlie the representation of virtues: the artistic processes consisting in representing moral values; the edifying and mnemonic dimension of personifications; the echos and gaps between personifications and exemplifications; the popularization phenomenon of ethics by the picture
Rabiller, Carole. "Critique d’art et morale. Une réception critique française et anglaise de la peinture victorienne." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SORUL139.
Full textBy shifting the traditional issues - those of strictly national analyses - this thesis proposes to explore, using a comparative perspective, the importance given to the moral criterion by critics, French and English, when receiving Victorian painting. The corpus of this work is based on the successive study of English paintings presented at the “Expositions universelles” in Paris (1855, 1867, 1878 and 1889) as well as at the Royal Academy, and of the critical comments published in the press specialized or not. This approach reveals the dynamics of intercultural exchanges between the two countries around the moral issue and highlights the existence of a nationalist reception of art by critics. Consequently, a critic's judgment of a painting depends on their culture, their taste, but also more broadly on the social context and the principles specific to their society. As such, the competitive climate between France and England is reflected in the articles and books published on both sides of the English Channel. Powerful critical debates highlight the processes of appropriation and rejection that contribute to the definition of the two artistic cultures in relation to each other. They bring art and morality together by questioning the existence of a Victorian “grand genre”, the exhibition as a place for critics to circumscribe a national art and define themselves, as well as John Ruskin's (1819-1901) moralist influence on society and the art it produces. The heterogeneity of the art criticism profession associated with the plasticity of the word “moral” therefore allows this work to propose a definition of Victorian painting and its actors
Daengklom, Sayan. "Érotique et réception de la peinture dans les salons de Diderot." Paris, EHESS, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000EHES0118.
Full textLeterrier, Sophie-Anne. "Les sciences morales et politiques a l'institut de France (1795-1850)." Paris 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA010621.
Full textMoral and political sciences receive an official position in France with the creation of the national institute, under convention. The second class must transport in their field the methods of the physical sciences, their progress, and create an original science of society. The project, first interrupted in 1803 by the reorganisation of the institute, finds a second start with the liberals of 1830, under Guizot's ministry of education. The study of the academy of moral and political sciences examines the institution itself, its members, its ways; it is also the story of the french social science, within the political ans scientific project of the generation, until 1848
De, La Noue François. "Edition commentée des "Discours politiques et militaires" de François de la Noue (1531-1591)." Phd thesis, Université Paul Valéry - Montpellier III, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00852406.
Full textBarakat, Myriam. "Edition commentée des "Discours politiques et militaires" de François de la Noue (1531-1591)." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011MON30041.
Full textFrançois de La Noue (1531-1591), a French protestant gentleman, composed, during his time in prison, Discours politiques et militaires published in 1587 : here we give you a commented edition, preceded by an introduction, made up of seven chapters. The first one describes the author’s life, closely related to the religious wars. We then focused on the genesis of the Discours, before establishing a complete catalogue of the editions and issues of the book. This chapter ends with an assessment of the studies devoted to La Noue. After that, this gentleman’s cultural universe, which wielded sword and quill is examined: by identifying the sources of the Discours, we have reconstituted his library. Wanting to restore the state, he denounces, moralistically, a corruption of values and he proposes, in way of reform, an educational program. His political vision, taken from the Holy Scripture and his political role during the wars make up Chapter 4. Chapter 5 looks at the war from both a legitimacy side and from the side of the military institutions that La Noue sought to improve. Speech XXVI, which talks about the history of the civil wars made us question, in Chapter 6, his conception and composition of history. We finish with a rhetorical approach to the question of the genre of the Discours. Several documents in the appendix bring clarification. To follow: Discours politiques et militaires, with critiques and historical and lexical notes. A glossary, an index and a bibliography complete this thesis
Arnal, Thierry. "La révolution des mouvements : gymnastique, morale et démocratie au temps d'Amoros (1815-1848)." Paris 5, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA05H015.
Full textModern gymnastics go back to the nineteenth century. In France, as early as 1816, Amoros’s method, which brings together analytical movements and moral songs, meets with some success. This method, the base on which Amoros founds a liberal political project, must be considered a by-product of the “Lumières” and the ideals of the French Revolution, as an echo of the French Declaration of Rights. It is an authentic movement revolution Amoros organises, by redefining the relationship between physical and moral well-being and a natural conception of morality, inspired by the discourse of the Ideologists. Amoros thereby presents his method as an essential tool for educational projects basing any hope of social reform on moral reform. Therein lies the essential function of Amorosian gymnastics: building a new man, a modem and virtuous citizen, who alone can make a long-lasting democracy conceivable
Arnaud-Lesot, Sylvie. "Pudeur et pratique médicale : aspects relationnels de l'examen gynécologique et obstétrical au XIXe siècle en France." Paris, EPHE, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007EPHE4150.
Full textThe purpose of this study is to gather and present elements with a view to answering the following question: should modesty have a place in an obstetrical or gynaecological examination? We have chosen to focus on 19th century France, to question the treatises called “on women diseases”, and the practice of midwifery. Modesty in this period appears as a true leitmotiv in the medical rhetoric dealing with the difficulties of the medical examination of women. The analysis of clinical observations nevertheless shows that the woman’s silence or discretion about the diseases which affect their genitalia, and their reluctance to accept a clinical investigation often imply a series of other reasons. We have studied in detail the precautions 19th century practitioners suggested one should take, from the inquiry to the examination proper, in order to avoid offending the patients’ modesty. The idea that the practitioner should show due respect to the patients seems to play a major role in their line of conduct. Nevertheless it is not sure that all the practitioners acted in accordance with their teaching, or with the rules they had contributed to set up. However, the advice that was generally almost unanimously shared by them, keeps all its relevance
Antoine, Agnès. "L' impensé de la démocratie : citoyenneté, morale et religion chez Tocqueville." Paris, EHESS, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002EHESA091.
Full textThis dissertation in political philosophy attempts to define Tocqueville's thinking on the necessity of an education for democracy, with particular attention to the role that religion may play in respect to citizenship. The first part presents an analysis of the democratic condition as exposed by Tocqueville in his essay on Democracy in America. It emphasizes the risks linked to a regime of egalitarian existence : individualism, rationalism and materialism lead to the weakening of social relationships, to a deficit in meaning, and to the erasure of politics as such. The second and third parts look into the remedies that Tocqueville offers to cure these ills : citizenship, on one hand, and relogion on the other, which form the two pillars of his “new political science”, and whose conditions of possibility and new articulation for the Moderns he attempts to map. The last part emphasizes the anthropological perspectives to which this “new science” leads, as well as Tocqueville's philosophy of history, and its urgent appeal to choose between barbary and civilisation
Date, Kiyonobu. "L'histoire religieuse au miroir de la morale laïque au XIXe siècle en France." Lille 3, 2007. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00310953.
Full textThere is no barrier today for religious studies to encompass secular ethics (morale laïque), but has it always been so ? Historically, secular ethics and the science of religions were born in the 19th century out of religious criticism. They found legitimacy in the 1880's with the establishment of the 3rd Republic in France. The former was especially employed in primary education as a means to form citizens, while the latter was primarily confined to a relatively small group of specialists within the framework of higher education. The domains of application of morals and religious studies seem, then, to differ. Texts of the first half of the 19th century, however, often show interconnected these two fields were. It is consequently opportune to reflect on the historical conditions that led these two fields to being perceived as different. For its promoters, secular ethics was a means to free society from ethics based on religion. But secular ethics is no devoid of religious elements. The history of religions, as a modern social science, has distanced itself from theology but shares with it some of its representation schemes. Even if the beginning of the 20th century sees the spiritual component of secular ethics wane and the Christian-centric perspective of the history of religions attenuate, the religious continues to haunt both ethics and religious studies. It was also the moment when these two domaines could meet again on a new level
Rappaport, Sylvain. "Images et incarnation de la vertu : les Prix Montyon (1820-1852)." Paris 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA010618.
Full textSanti, Valentina de. "Topographie pittoresque : art et technique militaires dans la mise en oeuvre du « Plan-relief du Siège de Rome »." Paris, EHESS, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016EHES0107.
Full textThe tradition of plans-reliefs, an ancient practice of Fortifications Engineers, whose origin lie in the reign of Louis XIV, was revitalized at the turn of the eighteenth century. This moment is the starting point of our research which tackles in particular the second quarter of th nineteenth century by focusing on two main figures: Adolphe Leon Leymonnerye, topographer artist of the gallery, and Jean- Jacques Augustin Marie Leblanc, a topographe serving the Places Etrangeres du Genie and a member of the Geological Society of France Both are involved in the construction of the plan-relief du Siege de Rome (1849-1852), which constitutes the case study of our research. We question then the way by which plans-reliefs, a models, exceeding the geometric system, reveal a multiplicity of scales and a mixture of references, which reflect the complexity of approaches of the knowledge of the real. In particular, we will emphasize the continuity and the evolutions of the notion of picturesqu within the context of reflections on topographical maps language, of the emergence of geological knowledge and of the appropriation of space by the national history during th nineteenth century. Building on the heuristic role of the image within the analysis of historica geography as well as on the epistemological renewal of the history of cartography, our research lies in the axis of reflexions of the historical approach which proposes to question the method of observation and construction underlying visual devices and their role in the process of knowledge construction
Bahk, Hyun-Chan. "L'îlot institutionnel à Paris : projets, formation des édifices publics et art urbain au XIXe siècle." Paris 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA010556.
Full textFarhoud-Jraissati, Lily. "L'espace et l'autre : la peinture orientaliste française et anglaise du XIXème siècle : analyse critique." Paris 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA010508.
Full textArneville, Marie-Blanche. "La France des jardins et des espaces verts entre 1789 et 1870." Paris 4, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA040271.
Full textLecerf, Guy. "Le coloris dans l'art des jardins : théories en France et en Angleterre, 1820-1930." Paris 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA010644.
Full textTherrien, Lyne. "L'enseignement de l'histoire de l'art et de l'archéologie en France avant 1914." Paris 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA010644.
Full textThis thesis concerns the first academic courses in art history and archeology in France. The author combines a history of the institutions and the teachers with study of pratices in both disciplines. The methodology is based on a bibliographical and archival research : from the national archives for each institution (to document how new courses were created) ; from biographies and bibliographies for each teacher (studies, publications and career profiles) and analyses of published lectures (particularly their opening lectures). In others words, who taught what, where and why ? The thesis' plan corresponds to the chronological development of the new courses : 1795, archeology at the national library ; 1830, monumental archeology in Caen ; 1847, medieval archeology at the école des chartes ; 1863, reorganization of the école des beaux-arts de paris ; 1876, the first chair of archeology at the Sorbonne ; 1878, establisment of a chair of aesthetic and art history at the collège de France; 1882, founding of the école du Louvre ; 1893, first art history course at the sorbonne followed in 1906 by a christian art history course. The development of teaching in the universities outside of paris is studied separately and focuses on the impact of published works, the developing importance of museums and the use of photography in art history. This historical investigation underlines the main issues and conflicts which caracterized the beginning of teaching in this specific field : the transition from classical to medieval archeology or from the aesthetic ideal to an interest in the historical background of national monuments ; the conflict raised by medieval architecture and the revival of interest in medieval arts generally ; archeology as a new university discipline ; the various archeological courses at the école du Louvre ; art history as a history specialism in the universities ; and finally, the influence of national history and the notion of national heritage in this context
Yamashita, Masayuki. "La sociologie française entre Auguste Comte et Emile Durkheim : le conflit entre la science et la morale." Paris 4, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA040322.
Full textThe french sociology was created by auguste comte, and inherited and definitely founded by emile durkheim. But the latter was bord after the death of the former, and the theoretical continuity between them is not so obvious. We must therefore find some sociologists that can fill the gap between these two giants. We want to study the development of the post-comtian sociology among his disciples. The tendancy of pure scientific concern is represented by emile littre and his revue philosophie positive, and the religious or moral aspect of comtian positivism is faithfully taken over by pierre laffitte with the revue occidentale. In the first group, guarin de vitry has made great theoretical strides with his notion of consensus collective, which presages the durkheimian sociology
Caille, Frédéric. "Les instruments de la vertu : l'Etat, le citoyen et la figure du sauveteur en France : construction sociale et usages politiques de l'exemplarité morale de la fin de l'Ancien Régime à 1914." Grenoble 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997GRE21005.
Full textThis study tries to apprehend the comprehension of the concrete republican citizenship. In this aim, it proposes to think about the role played by the massive social promotion of morally exemplary behaviours in the acceptance and putting into practice, at the end of 19th century, of this kind of social and political link model. The work considers the procedures developped to this effect, and more specifically the ones which concern the generic figure of the devoted, helpful and courageous individual : the rescuer. The first part introduces three types of procedures. First, the official honorary distinctions for acts of courage and devotion, presented in the context of the growth of civil distinctions during the 19th century, and in the detail of their institutionalization. Secondly, the prices of virtue awarded by the "academie francaise" and the other provincial academic societies, institutions which grew in an amazing fashion from 1866. Third, the national society of the encouragement to the good, a private association established in 1864 and which acquired during the third republic the status of a real national institution. The second part examines the social and political uses of the rescuer figure, beginning by the investigation of the popular press and the political and media management of the "bazar de la charite" fire. The genesis of the rescuers associations, their promotors and their political viewpoint untill the begining of the 20th century are described afterwards. Mutual aid associations between decorated rescuers, rescuing societies, first-aid workers and "athletic rescue" are characterized in fact by the promotion of virtuous behaviours. We conclude with the analysis of the failed passage of the legislation concerning the indemnization of injured rescuers. The general conclusion returns on the political reconstruction of "citizenship", which is shown by the various political uses of moral exemplarity
Barron, Stéphan. "Art planétaire et romantisme techno-écologique." Paris 8, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA081375.
Full textEarth art uses the planetary dimension of the earth as an artistic medium and was developed in this century as a corollary to the telecommunications revolution and to the globalization of all spheres of human activity. Stephan barron begis by describing the art and philosophy of the futurists, of duchamp, klein, beuys, roy ascott, fred forest concept art and land art as well. He then outlines his own earth art produced between 1986 to 1996, most notably thaon / new york ("reactivation" by satellite of the new york cloisters), orient express (transmission by modem of images taken between paris and budapest), the plants of my garden (fax transmission between a microscopic garden and prag), the blue of the sky (telematic averaging of the colour of the sky between the north and the south of france), night and day (telematic averaging of the australian and brasilian skies), ozone (telematic audio installation transforming ozone pollution measurement taken in lille and measurements from the hole in the ozone layer above adelaide), eurotunnel (buoys placed on the water's surface mark the course of the chunnel, are spread by the sea and monitored by satellite), finally the production of a cd rom. Barron examines these works in relation to technology and ecology and establishes a parallel with the romantic aesthetic. He defines a techno- ecological romanticism, as a philosophical, artistic and social movement that proposes an anthropological mutation in which the impact of technology on human beings and nature would be conterbalanced by the developpment of a new consciousness, and a modern interpretation of self-awareness. Techno- ecological romanticism is thus seen as the essence of earth art
Saint-Martin, Isabelle. "Voir, savoir, croire : textes et tableaux dans les catéchismes en images (1800-1920)." Paris 7, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA070101.
Full textThe catechism taught through pictures is part of both the visual arts being associated with the holy and the catechism manual as it became popular during the protestant and the catholic Reformation alongside advances in alphabetization and in the culture of the written. Thus, it enacted a transmission of the faith in two different ways. If the first printed catechisms of Luther, Canisius and the Concile de Trente were quite early enhanced by illustrations, examples such as these would remain scarce till the 19th century. The popularization of new means of reproduction, such as engraving or lithography, and the changes in pedagogy, in particular the increasing interest in the 'teaching by sight', favoured the production of series of engraved plates in various formats and with various supports (e. G. Wall-hangings, albums, slides for magic lanterns…) which intended to give a summary of the christian doctrine in all its aspects through the picture. This thesis analyses the definition of these 'mixed objects' which combine texts and pictures through an examination that blends art history, history of publishing, religious practice and semiology with the aim of pointing out the caracteristics of a corpus which differs in its uses and its iconography from the ordinary illustrated catechisms or the images of devotion. Amongst others, the study of the 'Grand Catéchisme en images' de la Maison de la Bonne Presse, with its longevity (1884-1950) and its large influence even abroad (in Canada, China and in India…) emphasizes the attempt to engrave the religious lesson and also the imaginary museum of the faith into human memory through pictures. Contrasts and comparisons with other types of albums allows us finally to understand what learning to be a Christian, through these images, was like, and also to distinguish the various conceptions of man’s relationship with society and with the divine which are shown through specific uses of iconography
Auger-Sergent, Anne-Sophie. "Les graffiti marins de Normandie (13e siècle- 19e siècle)." Paris 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA010544.
Full textNormandy is extremely rich in ship graffiti, but we haven't any regional and synthetical studies about these iconographic sources. The inventory of Normand graffiti allows to have a corpus of some 500 documents dated from 13th to 19th centuries. The documents present essentialy ships, but also elements of ship (anchor, flag, rigging, head) or elements of navigation (sea-mark), animals (fisch, sea-bird), and maritime inscriptions. Their major value ist that graffiti give representations of boats of merchant navy and fisching navy, on which we haven't any iconographic source before the 18th century, and contribute to the repacement of naval iconographic material. The geographic repartition of ship graffiti follows the maritime and fluvial zones. They are omnipresent on the soft calcareous and plaster of the churchs, castles and traditionnal houses. In spite of their value for ship archaeology, graffiti pose a problem and particulary for determination and dating. The use of sails as leading thread allows at the same time a classification of ships graffiti, their typing according iconographic comparaisons, and their datation. Normand graffiti present merchant and coast ships. Barges are rare
Bouillon, Christine. "Un acteur et son public : Frédérick Lemaître à Paris et en province (1823-1876)." Paris 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA010638.
Full textFrederick Lemaître was one of the most famous actors of the + boulevard du crime ; in the xixth century. He was born in normandy in a middle-class family. He became famous in 1823 thanks to his creation of the character of robert macaire in the auberge des adrets, and played almost without a break until he died in 1876. He has been the interpreter of Victor Hugo (Ruy Blas), of Dumas (Kean), of Lamartine (Toussaint Louverture), but also of numerous unknown authors of melodrama. His differents tours allowed him to be famous through the whole country and even in london, brussels and geneva. He had very strong links with his audience, who followed him from one theater to another (from the porte saint-martin where he played most of the time to the ambigu or even the varietes or the folies-dramatiques) and this audience used to applaud him as well as to boo him if they were displeased. The audience was also interrested in the actor's private life and newspapers published a lot of articles about it, all the more than his wife, like most of his mistresses were also frequently his main partners. Gradually a real legend was created around his personnality, presenting him as a debauched man, a drunkard who beat his lovers and wasted all his money. Frederick Lemaître seams to have taken pleasure sometimes in playing his own character out of the stage. On the contrary, Frederick seams to have taken to heart to dismiss the idea, spread by several critics, that he always played something of robert macaire whatever the play he performed. In fact, in 1834 he wrote a play which showed the character of robert macaire became a great swindler and performed it. The play was perceived as a satire of the society and was very successfull. From then, in spite of all his efforts in very different parts, this robert macaire stuck to him until his death and even after
Moon, Myông-sook. "La pensée morale et religieuse de Ch'oe Che-u dans Tongkyông taejôn et Yongdam yusa : une étude herméneutique interculturelle." Paris 4, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA040097.
Full textThe purpose of our thesis is the study over the moral and religious thought of Ch'oe Che-u,a corean thinker in the 19th century ,who wrote 'Tongkyong taejon' and 'Yongdam yusa'. .
Parise, Maddalena. "Du portrait ressemblant à l'excès de détails : le daguerréotype, une technique à l'épreuve de l'art." Paris 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA010591.
Full textGrandordy, Béatrice. "Charles Darwin et l'évolution dans les arts plastiques, 1859-1914." Paris, EPHE, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011EPHE4025.
Full textOn the Origin of Species by means of natural selection (1859) by Charles Darwin (1809-1882), introduced evolution, endless time and history in species destiny, seaked wonder in reality, and first inspired realistic, then prehistoric, adventure and finally science-fiction novel. Evolution was scientifically illustrated by Haeckel, Kupka, Brehm and Gosse. It boosted in France prehistoric anthropology ; ancestors and missing links were accurately represented among archaeological findings. It enabled Degas and Cormon to deal with body fluidity, and Duranty identified it in human artefacts since the most ancient antiquity. Odilon Redon, followed by Jean Carriès, shifted, with false ingenuity, the animalia observed by Darwin into an imaginary bestiary. Germany assimilated darwinism with Goethe and romanticism, and focused on myths anthropology ; Klinger illustrated human and animal struggle for life. Soon, the realistic vein in paintings and sculpture vanished; disenchantment settled in Europe, expressed by symbolism in painting and in Art Nouveau. Evolution (which does not necessarily lead to progress and certainly never to perfection) merges into then. In evolution, Böcklin, Moreau, as well as Viennese Secession, contemplate kindred beings and non-teleological vital energy. John Ruskin’s taste, ideal of beauty and moral sense, explode in front of evolutionnary « physiological aesthetics » according to Grant Allen. As to the architects, evolution was a pre-requisite, which accompanied functionalism. Debate on evolution as a ‘new cultural fact’ versus ‘a counter-culture’ was present along the whole second half of XIXth century. Science had, since long, accepted it
Molinet, Marylin Anne-Laure. "L'art de la crise : étude comparative sur la fonction et la réception de l'Art aux 19e et 20e siècles : france-Allemagne : arts plastiques, littérature." Thesis, Metz, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008METZ007L.
Full textThis research concerns the many multiple artistic ans philosophical innovations produced by the early german Romanticism inside of the Athenaeum cercle, first avant-gardist group of modern art, in the fields of literature and visual arts. The exigence to introduice modern art in the concept of education (Bildung) represents a crucial step, as well as the question of experimentation, and the autonomy of the work. The long-lasting refusal to promote modern art in France, and the reasons of this reject (strong centralism, but also denegation of teaching skills), are explained, as well as the lateness in a lot of museographic and didactic, by museums done, investigations. Exceptional case of the museum in Grenoble. In Germany, the most important steps reaching, during thirty years (1903-1933), at the victory of modern art on the academic art, are analysed : early Romanticism, opening of art-unions on the whole territory, fighting of Secessions, and, finally, the support of an important and non centralized museal scene (more than 40 museums), especially the Kronprinzenpalais, first museum of modern art, unknown in France. The research reveals the impact of all these innovations : evolution of the concept of Bildung, museums reform concerning didactic and scenographic aims, importance of temporary exhibitions and their movement, significant widening of the field of art
Marchal-Roy, Véronique. "L'art du portrait en Espagne de 1814 A 1873 : peinture et société : paradoxale gestation d'une unité." Paris 4, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA040158.
Full textDuring the period 1814-1873 painting and society in spain face the same problem: to affirm their identity on an international scene where nations and national art schools each must prove their unity. With their country elevated into a romantic myth, the spanish people do not recognize themselves in the stereotypical images reflected upon them, nor in the battles waged on their territory between the most diverse political ideologies. In this thesis we explore these contradictions. They tirelessly question the reflections of their portraits painted by madrazo, esquivel, becquer, rosales, etc. Historical painting dominating the art world, portraiture is judged unbecoming. The paradoxes revealed by the study of the links between painter and model will question the conventions of art history. Furthermore, their contract based on a commonality of interest will reveal to be a fraud. Neither merchandise, nor instrument of seduction or propaganda, a portrait must free itself from context, from an obligation of resemblance, and of narrative detail. The principle of the nobility of subject makes way for a desire to paint the present, by nature ephemeral, but which through its universality also represents eternity. All the constituent parts of the portrait, here presented in a typology, are called on to contribute to this purpose. The costume will be neither picturesque, nor historical. The decor disappears slowly in favor of the pictorial matter which defines the artist rather than his model. The representation of the latter's individuality gradually defuses, his loss of identity is in fact precipitated. The royal portraits illustrate their missing greatness. Self-portraits reveal not the social environment, but the authority of the pictorial language. Society is being dissolved in artistic creation which, beyond the amateurs of local color and the aspiration of the models, remains the only perceptible link with eternity
Uslu, Ates. "Les voies lyriques de la nation : l'opéra et la formation de l'identité nationale hongroise (1790-1884)." Paris 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA010676.
Full textGauthier, Marie-Véronique. "Les sociétés chantantes au XIXème siècle : chanson et sociabilité." Paris 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA010619.
Full textA study of the great singing societies (le caveau, la lice chansonniere), 19th century facilities for males "meetings: convivial rituals revolue around epicurianism (laughing, drinking, eating). Tense relationships with "café-concert" and the need to moralize song are to be found together with an obsession to talk about sex (saucy stories). The study of the writing of songs produced within a group, but by individuals, shows the enduring nature of a neo - classical or neo - romantic style, totally lacking in inventiveness logorrhoean remnant of an intense need to write verses
Bowie, Karen. "L'"éclectisme pittoresque" et l'architecture des gares parisiennes au 19e siècle." Paris 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA010563.
Full textDíaz, Orozco Carmen. "La luxure sous contrôle : corps et sexualité citoyenne selon les manuels d'urbanité dans le Vénézuela du XIXe siècle : 1825-1854." Toulouse 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003TOU20041.
Full textAfter gaining independence from Spain, Venezuelan upper classes had to establish the theoretical basis of the new republic, as well as elaborate the new legal and political foundations. Also the character of the citizenship should be shaped according to the new values, since the old ones were considered barbarian. In this context appeared a number of writings which were committed to the task of forming the new sensibilities. Known as "manuals to be urbane", they were meant to sanitize the ways of using the body and the language of individuals, as well as ratifying the due respect to hierarchy and regulate the contact between genders. Within this writings stands out the "Manual de Urbanidad" by Manuel Antonio Carreño, who presents an interpretation of Christian thinking related to sexuality. In spite that the term sexuality does not appear in the manual, our analysis show that, in the effort to mold the citizen of the new republic, the argument in behalf of good manners is used by Carreño to put order in the primary sexual drive of individuals, restricting them to exercise it only within the confines of legitimate marriage, in behalf of the values of a civilized society
Millet, Audrey. "Les dessinateurs de fabrique en France (XVIIIe-XIXe siècles)." Thesis, Paris 8, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA080017.
Full textThe first industrialization rested on what recent historiography calls “the revolution of the consumers”: a consumption and an increased circulation of all the objects of the daily life which are fabrics, laces, tapestries, earthenware, wallpapers, crockery… The desire to buy and have other goods than those which allow simple survival led thus to an assertion of the phenomena of fashion, implying for the producers the need for taking into account the changing taste of the consumers and the diversification of their consumption. The race to novation to allure the customers becomes a major stake for the manufacturers. The draughtsman occupies an essential place in this competition, since the first phase of the production process, before that of manufacturing and of marketing, is that of creation, the design of the product. This study thus aims at questioning the statute of this very qualified worker, holder of a know-how ; still little formalized in the second half of the 18th century, this know-how tends to show a slow institutionalization, of which we will examine the rhythms until the emergence and the coding of the profession. Work and its author being indissociable entities, we will question the statute of the draughtsman-author within the production process which is collective and industrial, nonsingular and artistic. Seldom studied, the place of the women in the manufacturing world must also be analyzed. Moreover, it is advisable to live behind us ordinary social taxonomies and in particular the fixed binary oppositions: art/industry, artist/craftsman, liberal art/mechanical art, but also drawing of linear figure/drawing
Savoy, Bénédicte. "Les spoliations de biens culturels opérées par la France en Allemagne autour de 1800." Paris 8, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA081924.
Full textBayle, Nadia. "Quelques aspects de l'histoire de l'archéologie au 19eme siècle : l'exemple des publications archéologiques militaires éditées entre 1830 et 1914 en France, en Afrique du Nord et en Indochine." Paris 4, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA040068.
Full textDuring the second half in the 19th century, french officers playede a very important role in the history of archaeology. Specialized in writting excavations reports, they chose to study the vestiges of Roman Africa. Their scientific contribution, as well as their mark made on research and methodology of the Roman period, is particularly significant. Tha analysis of their work permits us to mesure the development of archaeology during this period. Three principal issues are examined in this study. First of all, the motivation of the officers ; secondly, the means disposed of by the army for the organization of excavations ; and finally, the different elements which composed the scientific approach of these amayeur archaeologists. The last part of the first volume examines the archaeological activity of the army in larger context comparing it to the work done in France during the same period. The second volume regroups the abundant bibliography of archaeological publications written by the military between the years of 1830 and 1914 and documents treating of the history of archaeology, the organization of the army and the history of the 19th century. Furthermore, this study includes several annexes pertaining to the officers who were outstanding for their contribution
Blin, Marie-Christine. "Art et écologie dans l'Amérique du dix-neuvième siècle, 1820-1890 : artistes pionniers et exploration visuelle." Le Havre, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LEHA0013.
Full textThe works of painters Albert Bierstadt and Thomas Moran and photographers Carleton Watkins and William H. Jackson are often credited with having been instrumental in the creation of the Yosemite and Yellowstone National Parks. Rather than look for evidence of their influence on politicians – evidence which turns out to be flimsy and the stuff of legend more than reality –this dissertation aims to study how landscape representation between 1820 and 1890 progressively shaped American mentalities so that people came to admire the wilderness they had dreaded for a long time and to advocate or accept its preservation. In the first part we will deal with the evolution of the image of nature and art since the arrival of the first settlers and their shared destinies. In the second part, we will look at how artists were made into aesthetic and environmental pioneers, sent on a mission of exploration to study the elements of nature thoroughly and recreate the scenes they had observed. Then we will analyze the writings of some artists which show a precocious ecological sensitivity and the concrete actions of those who fought for the preservation of certain sites. Finally, in the third part, we will examine the technological or artistic innovations and the adaptation of European pictorial conventions that favored the visual appropriation of nature : the panorama and the stereography, elevated vision from a distance and telescopic precision, as well as its pastoralization by human, animal presence or by the union of the sublime and the beautiful
Penot, Agnès. "L'internationalisation des galeries françaises durant la seconde moitié du XIXe siècle : l'exemple de la maison Goupil (1846-1884)." Paris 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA010696.
Full textTorcinaro, Emanuela. "Le personnage "lecteur" dans le roman et les arts picturaux du XIXè siècle européen." Limoges, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LIMO2012.
Full textThe aim of this research is to show the way how the European nineteenth century novel could be able to represent the social and cultural changes of a time both through its characters and the comparison between the images depicted in the novels and those ones portrayed by the painters. Therefore, the thematic continuity and the mutual influence between the two arts will be demonstrated. This inter artes research is the result of a thematic type study whose constant is the "character as a reader", who makes his appearance in literature when reading becomes relevant as a social practice as well. The interest here is focused on the character who uses to read as a passion, who plunges himself into the text, and completely abandoning himself to it almost to be likely to get lost. The "character as a reader" is there in many literary masterpieces, and only with a careful and accurate study among the classics of Italian, French, Russian and English literature it has been possible to make a selection and have a homogeneous corpus. Even though in the 800s is the usually less considered figure of the woman reader as the love novelette consumer who stands out, and girls are seen having their heads full of silliness by those kind of novels -instead of reading the Bible and the Sacred Texts - it will eventually emerge the real meaning of their readings : not only women read because of their love for culture, but also to learn, to know, in spite of the role the 800s society has relegated them to. It is considerable the predominant presence of women in the act of reading in paintings, as well. All in all, through a continuous comparison between the novel and the pictorial work and a deep socio-historical analysis of the period, the written and painted image of the reader has been demonstrated as prevailing in the European eighteenth century
Zelvenskaïa, Anastas. "Le symbolisme pictural en Russie et en France (1890-1910) : interférences et affinités." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003CLF20020.
Full textThis work aims to trace a parallel between the pictorial Symbolism in Russia and in France during the years 1890s-1910s. It starts with a synthesis of the sources of knowledge (collections, exhibitions, periodicals), a summery of direct exchanges (artist's trips, contacts, collaboration) and a study of the critical fortune of several French painters (Moreau, Puvis de Chavannes, Carriere, Redon, Gauguin, Denis and the Nabis, the representatives of the idealist symbolism). After this documentary part follows an analysis of works of different Russian symbolist artists which have as a goal to detect the French contribution indicating at the same time the presence of other sources. The Abramtsevo circle, "The wold of art" group, the great solitary masters (Vroubel, Borrisov-Moussatov, Ciurlionis), the "The Blue Rose" group and the heralds of the XXth century art (Petrov-Vodkine, Malevitch, Kandisky)-these are the phenomena compared to the French Symbolism
Diaz, Soto Carlos Alonso. "Art et nationalisme au Chili : invention visuelle et construction symbolique d'une nation : 1810-1910." Bordeaux 3, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010BOR30005.
Full textMunck, Olivier. "Le peintre dans le roman du XIXème siècle : histoire des rapports de la littérature et de la peinture, de l'homme et du réel." Paris 4, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA040041.
Full textThe painter's figures from balzac to proust compose an original romantic art history showing the relationship between man and reality. Looked on aesthetic effects, this pastiche, from a composition borrowed to la comedie humaine, spreads out a tragedy, firming social, physiological and philosophical principles and causes, rules for the hero as for his art work. The hypothesis relies on the increasing part of painting as essential element in the evolvement of perception and creation. The comparaison between fiction and reality offers a summary of the influences of the pictural expression upon the litterary one, those reciprocal of this peculiar hero, from a fiction to another one, on his own creator, defining the connection between the thing perceived and expressed, the writing and the reader
Echenique, Catalina Valdés. "Del cruce a la frontera : una historia visual de la Cordillera de los Andes entre Argentina y Chile durante el siglo XIX." Paris, EHESS, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016EHES0147.
Full textThis thesis focuses on the visual configuration of the Andes in the history of culture and art of Argentina and Chile during the nineteenth century. It proposes a thematic journey of the period from a selection of visual objects and texts produced in both countries at the time when they were defined and established as modern nations. At the beginning of this journey, in the early years of the republican era, the Cordillera is represented and symbolized as the scenario of the main events of the independence revolution, so it becomes a landmark for the construction of a memory and a national identity. The analysis continues with the pictorial presence of the Cordillera, particularly in some works representing this Andes as a place of political stake for these two nations at the middle of the century. With the establishment of the Cordillera as a landscape image, a reflection has been elaborated around the aesthetic status of the sublime and its updates in the Latin American context by considering the installation of the pictorial genre in the Chilean environment. The journey ends with the analysis of the visual construction of the Cordillera as a natural border between the two countries. It is observed how images of various types become argumentative pieces for the geopolitical dispute. The purpose of this work is to verify, through case studies, the diversity of rhetorical functions that assumes the representation of nature in the process of developing a national narrative
Velter, Simone. "De l'atelier de David au romantisme : les "Primitifs" et leur destin." Paris 4, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA040075.
Full textThis study deals with the fact that in France nobody really knows the artists mentioned by Delécluze within its Souvenirs and also through Charles Nodier's confidences, as the “Primitifs”. It analyses in depth how by the end of 18th century, young artists, although belonging to David's studio, but in opposition to its teaching method came to gather. Those young artists took inspiration from the basic purity of art before Raphaël, among the middle-age primitives, from the linear abstraction in Greek vases archaïsm, and also from the bard Ossian's poems. Whereas they were despised by French historians specialised in this period, the “Primitifs” have been pretty well perceived and estimated by American historians. Walter Friedlaender underlined in 1930 how valuable were the ideas of Maurice Quaï, head of the movement; thenafter, Robert Rosenblum in his 1956 thesis The International Style of 1800, A Study in linear abstraction offered him the basis of remarkable study published in 1967 and 1989 in a French edition L'Art au XVIIIème siècle Transformations et Mutations. Professor George Levitine, keen on study of French “Primitifs” when searching their lost works, published in 1978 The dawn of Bohemianism, the Barbu rebellion and Primitivism in Neoclassical France, which paved the way to importance of their sect. Out of those young artists who were almost forgotten, we can nominate eight major names, Maurice Quaï, Lucile Franque, Paulin Duqueylar, Jean Broc, Hilaire Périé, the twin brothers Jean-Pierre et Joseph Franque, and Jacques-Nicolas Paillot de Montabert. We are also in a position , thanks to an exhaustive examination and reviews of archives, to show some works we have discovered and to prove they were very good painters and excellent drawers. This the reason why, beyond their story and the one of their works, the “Primitifs”'s destiny seems to be in fact an introduction to a broader subject covering French “primitivism”, maybe due to Maurice Quaï's doctrine. Isn't it clear that the search for purity of archaïsm can be found not only in Ingres, but also in Puvis de Chavannes and last but not least in Gauguin who will mix it together with the flavour of Tropics ?