Journal articles: 'Art experts'

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Mullennix, John W., and Julien Robinet. "Art Expertise and the Processing of Titled Abstract Art." Perception 47, no. 4 (January 8, 2018): 359–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0301006617752314.

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The effect of art expertise on viewers’ processing of titled visual artwork was examined. The study extended the research of Leder, Carbon, and Ripsas by explicitly selecting art novices and art experts. The study was designed to test assumptions about how expertise modulates context in the form of titles for artworks. Viewers rated a set of abstract paintings for liking and understanding. The type of title accompanying the artwork (descriptive or elaborative) was manipulated. Viewers were allotted as much time as they wished to view each artwork. For judgments of liking, novices and experts both liked artworks with elaborative titles better, with overall rated liking similar for both groups. For judgments of understanding, type of title had no effect on ratings for both novices and experts. However, experts’ rated understanding was higher than novices, with experts making their decisions faster than novices. An analysis of viewers’ art expertise revealed that expertise was correlated with understanding, but not liking. Overall, the results suggest that both novices and experts integrate title with visual image in similar manner. However, expertise differentially affected liking and understanding. The results differ from those obtained by Leder et al. The differences between studies are discussed.

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Silvia, Paul J. "Interested Experts, Confused Novices: Art Expertise and the Knowledge Emotions." Empirical Studies of the Arts 31, no. 1 (January 2013): 107–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/em.31.1.f.

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Gartus, Andreas, Mark Völker, and Helmut Leder. "What Experts Appreciate in Patterns: Art Expertise Modulates Preference for Asymmetric and Face-Like Patterns." Symmetry 12, no. 5 (May 2, 2020): 707. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym12050707.

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This study set out to investigate whether and how aesthetic evaluations of different types of symmetric, as well as abstract vs. representational patterns are modulated by art expertise. To this end, we utilized abstract asymmetric, symmetric, and “broken” patterns slightly deviating from symmetry, as well as more representational patterns resembling faces (also symmetric or broken). While it has already been shown that symmetry preference decreases with art expertise, it was still unclear whether an already established relationship between art expertise and preference for abstract over representational art can be similarly found as a preference for abstract over representational patterns, as these are non-art objects. Nevertheless, we found profound differences in aesthetic preferences between art experts and laypersons. While art experts rated asymmetric patterns higher than laypersons, as expected, they rated face-like patterns lower than laypersons. Also, laypersons rated all other types of patterns higher than asymmetric patterns, while art experts rated the other patterns similar or lower than asymmetric patterns. We found this both for liking and for interest ratings. As no differences between art experts and laypersons were found regarding memory recognition of new and old patterns, this effect is not likely due to differences in memory performance. In sum, this study further extends our knowledge about the influence of art expertise on aesthetic appreciation.

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Meeuwsen, Frédérique C., Annetje C. P. Guédon, Ewout A. Arkenbout, Maarten van der Elst, Jenny Dankelman, and John J. van den Dobbelsteen. "The Art of Electrosurgery: Trainees and Experts." Surgical Innovation 24, no. 4 (April 24, 2017): 373–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1553350617705207.

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The benefits of electrosurgery have been acknowledged since the early 1920s, and nowadays more than 80% of surgical procedures involve devices that apply energy to tissues. Despite its widespread use, it is currently unknown how the operator’s choices with regard to instrument selection and application technique are related to complications. As such, the manner in which electrosurgery is applied can have a serious influence on the outcome of the procedure and the well-being of patients. The aim of this study is to investigate the variety of differences in usage of electrosurgical devices. Our approach is to measure these parameters to provide insight into application techniques. A sensor was developed that records the magnitude of electric current delivered to an electrosurgical device at a frequency of 10 Hz. The sensor is able to detect device activation times and a reliable estimate of the power-level settings. Data were recorded for 91 laparoscopic cholecystectomies performed by different surgeons and residents. Results of the current measurement data show differences in the way electrosurgery is applied by surgeons and residents during a laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Variations are seen in the number of activations, the activation time, and the approach for removal of the gallbladder. Analysis showed that experienced surgeons have a longer activation time than residents (3.01 vs 1.41 seconds, P < .001) and a lower number of activations (102 vs 123). This method offers the opportunity to relate application techniques to clinical outcome and to provide input for the development of a best practice model.

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Zheng, Haixia, and Yongchuan Tang. "Deng Entropy Weighted Risk Priority Number Model for Failure Mode and Effects Analysis." Entropy 22, no. 3 (February 28, 2020): 280. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e22030280.

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Failure mode and effects analysis (FMEA), as a commonly used risk management method, has been extensively applied to the engineering domain. A vital parameter in FMEA is the risk priority number (RPN), which is the product of occurrence (O), severity (S), and detection (D) of a failure mode. To deal with the uncertainty in the assessments given by domain experts, a novel Deng entropy weighted risk priority number (DEWRPN) for FMEA is proposed in the framework of Dempster–Shafer evidence theory (DST). DEWRPN takes into consideration the relative importance in both risk factors and FMEA experts. The uncertain degree of objective assessments coming from experts are measured by the Deng entropy. An expert’s weight is comprised of the three risk factors’ weights obtained independently from expert’s assessments. In DEWRPN, the strategy of assigning weight for each expert is flexible and compatible to the real decision-making situation. The entropy-based relative weight symbolizes the relative importance. In detail, the higher the uncertain degree of a risk factor from an expert is, the lower the weight of the corresponding risk factor will be and vice versa. We utilize Deng entropy to construct the exponential weight of each risk factor as well as an expert’s relative importance on an FMEA item in a state-of-the-art way. A case study is adopted to verify the practicability and effectiveness of the proposed model.

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Fernández-Codina, Andreu, Kyle M. Walker, and Janet E. Pope. "Treatment Algorithms for Systemic Sclerosis According to Experts." Arthritis & Rheumatology 70, no. 11 (September 17, 2018): 1820–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/art.40560.

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Pope, Janet E., Janine M. Ouimet, and Adriana Krizova. "Scleroderma treatment differs between experts and general rheumatologists." Arthritis & Rheumatism 55, no. 1 (2006): 138–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/art.21714.

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Rahmat, Mohd Khairul Azlan, and Siti Zuraida Maaruf. "The Evaluation and Implementation on the Development of Stimulation Setting using CTML Model." Social and Management Research Journal 16, no. 1 (June 26, 2019): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.24191/smrj.v16i1.6080.

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This research aimed to identify the possibility and opportunity to implement the stimulation room courseware for drawing studies method in additional and substitute for the outdoor learning and indoor learning method in the teaching and learning of Drawing Studies subject in tertiary level of art education in Malaysia. Thus, this research is conducted in order to develop the stimulation room courseware for drawing studies that will be an optional teaching aid for the subject. This courseware and method will be an integrated use of ICT in the Visual Art Education field. This research was conducted by utilising the design development research (DDR) that consisted of three (3) phases. Phase 1: Needs Analysis, Phase 2: Design and Development and Phase 3: Implementation and Evaluation. However, for the purposed of this article, the researchers will only discuss Phase 3, that is the Implementation and Evaluation phase. The data was collected by the usability test form that has been given to three (3) experts in different fields; one (1) expert on videography, one (1) expert on interface design and one (1) expert on graphic design. The purpose of having this three (3) experts was to evaluate and provide feedbacks on the stimulation room courseware for drawing studies. Pre-test and post-test were carried out by eight (8) students of Art and Design that have undergone the subject of Drawing Studies using open-ended questionnaire. The feedbacks were then subjected to evaluation and assessment by two (2) experts in Drawing Studies. Based on the findings, the development of the stimulation method and the courseware is relevant and has possibilities for implementation in tertiary level art education in Malaysia.

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Wang, Ning, Wengang Zhou, Guojun Qi, and Houqiang Li. "POST: POlicy-Based Switch Tracking." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 34, no. 07 (April 3, 2020): 12184–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v34i07.6899.

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In visual object tracking, by reasonably fusing multiple experts, ensemble framework typically achieves superior performance compared to the individual experts. However, the necessity of parallelly running all the experts in most existing ensemble frameworks heavily limits their efficiency. In this paper, we propose POST, a POlicy-based Switch Tracker for robust and efficient visual tracking. The proposed POST tracker consists of multiple weak but complementary experts (trackers) and adaptively assigns one suitable expert for tracking in each frame. By formulating this expert switch in consecutive frames as a decision-making problem, we learn an agent via reinforcement learning to directly decide which expert to handle the current frame without running others. In this way, the proposed POST tracker maintains the performance merit of multiple diverse models while favorably ensuring the tracking efficiency. Extensive ablation studies and experimental comparisons against state-of-the-art trackers on 5 prevalent benchmarks verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.

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د. علي بن حسن يعن الله القرني, د. علي بن حسن يعن الله القرني. "A proposed model for measuring administrative transparency in Saudi universities in light of the Kingdom's 2030 vision." journal of King Abdulaziz University Arts And Humanities 28, no. 13 (May 6, 2020): 157–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4197/art.28-13.6.

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the study aimed to build a proposed model for measuring administrative transparency in Saudi universities in the light of the Kingdom's 2030 vision. The researcher has used the descriptive approach (documentary) with its various approaches to build the model; by extrapolating many primary and secondary sources related to administrative transparency and methods of measuring them in universities, then the researcher has used the Delphi method to judge the model from specialized educational leadership experts and practitioners. The process of building the model went through seven stages. The model was built in its initial form in the first three stages, and it consists of 9 standards and 130 indicators. The first model No. (1) in the fourth stage was judged by specialists in educational management, leadership and practitioners of academic leadership in terms of formulation, affiliation and proposals. Based on the opinions of the arbitrators, another model No. (2) was built, consisting of 9 standards and 119 indicators. In the fifth stage, the researcher used the Delphi method to arbitrate it from experts in terms of relevancy and measurability. In the sixth stage, the researcher used the Delphi method to arbitrate the second model again. Form No. (2) was sent again to the experts accompanied by the results of its arbitration in the previous round; as a feedback, by asking experts to review their responses in the previous round in terms of relevancy and measurability. In the seventh and final stage, and based on the results of the third round; indicators were adopted, the degree of their significance and their ability to measure together according to the opinion of experts (70% or more), and the deletion of indicators whose degree of importance or measurability according to expert opinion of (70%). Accordingly, the proposed final model was reached, the findings consist of 9 standards and 104 indicators. Based on the findings, the researcher recommends employing the proposed model for measuring administrative transparency in Saudi universities by the Ministry of Education, governmental and private universities, the National Anti-Corruption Authority, the National Authority for Academic Assessment and Accreditation. The researcher also, recommends that , academic leaders in Saudi universities should benefit from the criteria and indicators the proposed model contained in the self-evaluation for the relevant bodies in which they work, and to provide specialized professional training courses according to the training needs that are demonstrated by applying the proposed model for the level of administrative transparency in the university.

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Husain, Omayma, Naomie Salim, Rose Alinda Alias, Samah Abdelsalam, and Alzubair Hassan. "Expert Finding Systems: A Systematic Review." Applied Sciences 9, no. 20 (October 11, 2019): 4250. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9204250.

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The data overload problem and the specific nature of the experts’ knowledge can hinder many users from finding experts with the expertise they required. There are several expert finding systems, which aim to solve the data overload problem and often recommend experts who can fulfil the users’ information needs. This study conducted a Systematic Literature Review on the state-of-the-art expert finding systems and expertise seeking studies published between 2010 and 2019. We used a systematic process to select ninety-six articles, consisting of 57 journals, 34 conference proceedings, three book chapters, and one thesis. This study analyses the domains of expert finding systems, expertise sources, methods, and datasets. It also discusses the differences between expertise retrieval and seeking. Moreover, it identifies the contextual factors that have been combined into expert finding systems. Finally, it identifies five gaps in expert finding systems for future research. This review indicated that ≈65% of expert finding systems are used in the academic domain. This review forms a basis for future expert finding systems research.

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Leder, Helmut, Pablo P. L. Tinio, David Brieber, Tonio Kröner, Thomas Jacobsen, and Raphael Rosenberg. "Symmetry Is Not a Universal Law of Beauty." Empirical Studies of the Arts 37, no. 1 (June 13, 2018): 104–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0276237418777941.

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Scientific disciplines as diverse as biology, physics, and psychological aesthetics regard symmetry as one of the most important principles in nature and one of the most powerful determinants of beauty. However, symmetry has a low standing in the arts and humanities. This difference in the valuation of symmetry is a remarkable illustration of the gap between the two cultures. To close this gap, we conducted an interdisciplinary, empirical study to directly demonstrate the effects of art expertise on symmetry appreciation. Two groups of art experts—artists and art historians—and a group of non-experts provided spontaneous beauty ratings of visual stimuli that varied in symmetry and complexity. In complete contrast to responses typically found in non-art experts, art experts found asymmetrical and simple stimuli as most beautiful. This is evidence of the effects of specific education and training on aesthetic appreciation and a direct challenge to the universality of symmetry.

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Parrott, A. C. "Aesthetic Responses to Traditional and Modern Paintings by Art Experts and Nonexperts." Perceptual and Motor Skills 79, no. 1 (August 1994): 297–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.1994.79.1.297.

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16 art experts and 18 nonexperts assessed six paintings of different styles. It was predicted that nonexperts would like traditional paintings, whereas art experts would prefer modern styles, but this was not found. Instead, both groups produced their highest ratings for one of the modern abstracts (Klee), while the nonexperts rated the two modern representational paintings (German Expressionist) more highly than the experts.

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Kiviharju, Inna, and Elena Krychek. "Professional card of experts of the decorative applied art." Uchenye zapiski universiteta imeni P.F. Lesgafta, no. 85 (March 2012): 103–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.5930/issn.1994-4683.2012.03.85.p103-107.

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Dhani, Kurnia Rahmad. "EMPTY BENCH IN INDONESIAN PERFORMING ARTS STUDIES: AUDIENCE." TONIL: Jurnal Kajian Sastra, Teater dan Sinema 18, no. 2 (September 13, 2021): 83–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.24821/tnl.v18i2.5886.

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Many Indonesian performing art experts have stated that audience studies were conducted in minimal numbers. However, the exact number of research on performing art audiences in Indonesia remains unclear. The factors that influence it are still not known in detail. This paper used a literature review on seven nationally accredited performing arts journals from art institutes in Indonesia over the past ten years. The results showed that only 3 out of 1034 journal titles focusing on performing art audiences in the last ten years. From these findings, we can conclude that the study on the audiences is so scarce. This research theme is not interesting for performing art experts in Indonesia. Indonesian performing art experts and academicians have left the importance of audience studies. This paper also discusses the factors that influence the negligible of performing arts audience studies in Indonesia.

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Stinson, Jennifer N., Patricia C. Toomey, Bonnie J. Stevens, Susan Kagan, Ciarán M. Duffy, Adam Huber, Peter Malleson, Patrick J. McGrath, Rae S. M. Yeung, and Brian M. Feldman. "Asking the experts: Exploring the self-management needs of adolescents with arthritis." Arthritis & Rheumatism 59, no. 1 (2007): 65–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/art.23244.

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Gerstenberger, Ehrhard S. "Shamanism and Healing Experts." Religion and Theology 26, no. 3-4 (December 10, 2019): 216–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15743012-02603006.

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Abstract This essay argues that evidence suggests that shamanistic-type healing experts were found in ancient Israel, and that the kind of healing rituals show similarities to other such shamanistic practices in other contexts. Hebrew Scriptures provides evidence for a range of designations for such persons dedicated to the mediating office between humans and the divine, some of which have certainly been involved with the art of curing. Narrative and prophetic literatures offer some illuminating evidence for healing specialists. Particular attention is paid to supplicatory psalms in the Old Testament which suggest the mediating role of healing experts. Further comparisons with Sumero-Babylonian professional rites and Navajo healing chants establish the likelihood of the presence and activities of such shamanistic-type healing experts in ancient Israel.

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Ekelund, Robert B., Richard Higgins, and John D. Jackson. "ART as meta-credence: authentication and the role of experts." Journal of Cultural Economics 44, no. 1 (June 10, 2019): 155–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10824-019-09354-3.

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Boittiaux, Johan. "Des experts au royaume du storytelling : Disneyland raconte son art." Communication & management Vol. 18, no. 1 (June 18, 2021): 31–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/comma.181.0031.

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Forgács, Éva. "“This Is the Century of Light”: László Moholy-Nagy’s Painting and Photography Debate in i 10, 1927." Leonardo 50, no. 3 (June 2017): 274–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/leon_a_01425.

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The emergence in the 1920s of the idea that photography could be a full-fledged form of artistic expression—rather than mere mechanical imaging—led artists and art experts alike to wrestle with the question: What exactly constitutes art? Photography now challenged painting, both figurative and abstract, and as photography’s many previously unsuspected potentials were revealed and explored, artists and experts felt an urgency to articulate photography’s relationship to the concept of art. Invested in photography and ever the advocate of a new innovative medium and genre, László Moholy-Nagy wanted to hear what some of the most respected artists and experts of the time had to say about photography, and so in 1927 he moderated a debate on the subject of “painting and photography” in the journal Internationale Revue i 10.

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Avdeyeva, Vera Vladimirovna. "Psychological approach towards studying the naive art: practice of art brut." Человек и культура, no. 1 (January 2021): 16–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.25136/2409-8744.2021.1.34999.

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The subject of this research is the peculiarities of the psychological approaches of European experts of the late XIX – early XX centuries (psychiatrists of the so-called “historical psychiatry”), art historians and painters of the XX century, specializing in collection of the works of mentally ill people (or art brut). The historical-comparative method is applied for determination of the specifics of the naive art of Western Europe in the XIX – XX centuries and its comparison with other areas of amateur art of this period. The psychological approach is essential for studying the works of mentally ill people (or art brut) and its key peculiarities. The comparative method allows analyzing the modern forms of art brut and naive art. The novelty consists in outlining the principal psychological approaches of foreign experts with the art brut, the interpretation of which contributes to decoding of all amateur art. Evolution of views stems from determination of similarities between genius and mental disorders, tracing patterns in creative process of the patients, assessment of the ability of a person with mental disorder to creative thinking and invent the object of art prior to learning the artistic beginning. In this regard, the psychological approach revealed the key trends in studying amateur art: from the perspective of Marseille Rege (with his “embryonic” view) to the point of view of Morgenthaller (with his realization of creativity of the patients), and artistic views of Prinzhorn and Dubuffet, who focus on the art criteria: vision of form, color, composition and other formal attributes of an artwork. Thus, the interpretation of art brut becomes a certain “bridge” for understanding the sphere of the naive art.

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Vilchinskaya-Butenko, Marina E., and Nikolai N. Rozhkov. "An Experience in Constructing a Qualimetric Assessment of the Significance of Urban Art Objects." Observatory of Culture 18, no. 2 (May 31, 2021): 116–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.25281/2072-3156-2021-18-2-116-126.

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The article attempts to ensure the unity of views on the implementation of urban art projects in local contexts. The paper aims to discuss the results of a pilot study obtained through a comprehensive assessment of the significance of urban art objects using qualimetric scales. The authors selected seven art objects that meet the four requirements: a) the art objects exist in the urban environment at the time of their assessment by experts; b) the art objects have a high communicative potential, that is, they are interesting to the viewer; c) there are discussions in the media and social networks about the prospects for preserving the art objects; d) the sample is heterogeneous. The experimental group included ten experts, both art theorists and practitioners. The experts were asked to evaluate the significance of each of the art objects by ranking them according to eight “rational” and two “emotional” criteria. The existence of consistency of the experts’ opinions was checked using the concordance coefficient. The pilot study showed that the most significant among the rational criteria for evaluating an artwork were technography (the degree of qualitative impact of the art object on the environment, the degree of the work’s conditionality with the context) and iconography (the uniqueness/brightness of the author’s message). The significance of the other principles (of technology and iconology) is considerably lower, which means that they can be ignored when constructing the final assessment by linear convolution. There was also a fairly high relative significance of the two emotional criteria that had been proposed for the experts’ consideration (the emotional dimension of the work in the artist’s experience and the emotional dimension of the work in the viewer’s experience). The scientific novelty of the research is determined by the fact that a systematic approach to assessing the rational aspects of the artistic interpretation of an urban art object makes it necessary and sufficient to rely on the two methodological principles for evaluating an artwork — technography and iconography. When evaluating the emotional aspects of artistic interpretation, it is necessary and sufficient to rely on the emotional dimension of the work in the experience of the artist and the viewer. The results obtained suggest finding an objective scientific basis for regulating the visual culture of public spaces.

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Mohamad, Syamsul Nor Azlan, Mohamed Amin Embi, and Norazah Nordin. "Designing Project-based Learning (PjBL) Activities for Art and Design E-Portfolio Using Fuzzy Delphi Method as a Decision Making." Asian Social Science 11, no. 28 (November 22, 2015): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ass.v11n28p45.

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<p>The present articles introduces the Fuzzy Delphi Method results obtained in the study on designing Project-based Learning (PjBL) activities for art and design courses using Fuzzy Delphi Method (FDM) as a decision-making.This method bases on qualified experts that assures the validity of the collected information. In particular, the confirmation of elements is based on experts opinion and consensus. The consensus survey constructed based on the emergent themes the experts raised from the conducted interview. For this purpose of the study, 22 experts in Project-based learning involved in the interview and responses the consensus survey. The experts participated in this study involves local and international perspectives that contribute to the best idea and practises by their respective's institution. The selection of decision-making will reflect the e-Porfolio users which purposely design for art and design courses. As resulted, the Fuzzy Delphi will interpret the decision-making made by experts to suggest best practices of the pedagogical strategy infused in e-Portfolio system.</p><p style="margin: 0px; font-family: Times;"> </p>

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Orr, Mark G., and Stellan Ohlsson. "Relationship Between Complexity and Liking as a Function of Expertise." Music Perception 22, no. 4 (2005): 583–611. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/mp.2005.22.4.583.

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The inverted-U hypothesis has much empirical support in the field of experimental aesthetics. This hypothesis predicts that moderately complex art objects should be preferred over very simple or very complex art objects. Although it is tacitly believed that this hypothesis applies to experts, the literature does not contain any convincing studies that demonstrate this as fact. The present study addresses this issue. Professional jazz and bluegrass musicians rated the complexity of and their liking for short, but complete, jazz and bluegrass improvisations. Complexity and liking were operationalized by subjects� judgments on seven-point Likert-like scales. Regressing liking onto complexity did not reveal any evidence for an inverted-U relation for experts. Moreover, no relationship between liking and complexity was found for the jazz musicians; a negative relation was found for the bluegrass musicians, but only when listening to the bluegrass improvisations. Furthermore, by comparing the expert data with a reanalysis of nonexpert data collected in a previous, but identical study, we propose as a first approximation that musical expertise dissolves the relationship between liking and complexity.

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Gil-González, Julián, Andrés Valencia-Duque, Andrés Álvarez-Meza, Álvaro Orozco-Gutiérrez, and Andrea García-Moreno. "Regularized Chained Deep Neural Network Classifier for Multiple Annotators." Applied Sciences 11, no. 12 (June 10, 2021): 5409. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11125409.

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The increasing popularity of crowdsourcing platforms, i.e., Amazon Mechanical Turk, changes how datasets for supervised learning are built. In these cases, instead of having datasets labeled by one source (which is supposed to be an expert who provided the absolute gold standard), databases holding multiple annotators are provided. However, most state-of-the-art methods devoted to learning from multiple experts assume that the labeler’s behavior is homogeneous across the input feature space. Besides, independence constraints are imposed on annotators’ outputs. This paper presents a regularized chained deep neural network to deal with classification tasks from multiple annotators. The introduced method, termed RCDNN, jointly predicts the ground truth label and the annotators’ performance from input space samples. In turn, RCDNN codes interdependencies among the experts by analyzing the layers’ weights and includes l1, l2, and Monte-Carlo Dropout-based regularizers to deal with the over-fitting issue in deep learning models. Obtained results (using both simulated and real-world annotators) demonstrate that RCDNN can deal with multi-labelers scenarios for classification tasks, defeating state-of-the-art techniques.

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Szubielska, Magdalena, and Kamil Imbir. "The aesthetic experience of critical art: The effects of the context of an art gallery and the way of providing curatorial information." PLOS ONE 16, no. 5 (May 28, 2021): e0250924. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0250924.

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The aim of our research was to investigate the influence of the situational context of presenting contemporary critical artworks (in an art gallery vs in a laboratory setting) and the way in which one is acquainted with contextual information, i.e. a curatorial description (reading it on one’s own vs listening to it vs a lack of curatorial information), on the reception of critical art. All experimental stimuli were exemplars of contemporary art which raise current controversial social and political issues. Non-experts in the field of art were asked to rate their emotional reactions on non-verbal scales and estimate their liking and understanding of the artworks. As predicted, the art gallery context increased both the experience of aesthetic emotions–in terms of valence, arousal, subjective significance, and dominance and aesthetic judgements–in terms of liking. Thus, for critical art (i.e. current artworks which critically address serious, up-to-date issues) the situational context of the gallery increased the aesthetic experience–which is in line with previous studies on the gallery (or museum) effect. Curatorial information increased understanding, so non-experts seem to need interpretative guidance in the reception of critical art. Subjective significance was higher in the reading of curatorial information condition than the listening to curatorial information condition or the control condition (a lack of curatorial information). It seems, therefore, that art non-experts have a better understanding of critical art after being exposed to the curatorial description, but this does not result in an increase in liking and aesthetic emotions. Probably this is because the curatorial description allows one to grasp the difficult, often unpleasant issue addressed by critical art.

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Winthrop, Robert. "The Real World: Advocates, Experts, and the art of being Useful." Practicing Anthropology 19, no. 3 (July 1, 1997): 41–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.17730/praa.19.3.78w7860527231324.

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Launching this column on anthropology and public policy has prompted some interesting comments from colleagues on the challenges we face in making ourselves effective and competent actors in the policy domain. In addition, the SfAA's 1997 annual meeting in Seattle included a forum on increasing our policy effectiveness, which brought together representatives from a number of the organization's policy-oriented groups, as well as other knowledgeable colleagues. These groups included the AIDS Advisory Committee, Indian Affairs Committee, Human Rights and Environment group, the Aging and Disability topical interest group (TIG), and the Intellectual Property Rights TIG. Among the questions raised at that forum: How can we learn from each other's successes and failures in policy advocacy? What activities, strategies, and techniques have been particularly effective in communicating an anthropological perspective to policy makers or potential allies? What steps could the SfAA take to become a better (and better-known) resource to agencies and groups seeking an anthropological perspective on a particular issue?

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Meisler, Jodi Godfrey. "Toward Optimal Health: The Experts Respond to the Art of Diagnosis." Journal of Women's Health & Gender-Based Medicine 9, no. 3 (May 2000): 215–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/152460900318425.

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Sköldberg, Emma, Louise Holmer, Elena Volodina, and Ildikó Pilán. "State-of-the-art on monolingual lexicography for Sweden." Slovenščina 2.0: empirical, applied and interdisciplinary research 7, no. 1 (April 18, 2019): 13–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4312/slo2.0.2019.1.13-24.

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The minireview describes the state-of-the-art of Swedish monolingual lexicography. The main actors in the field, both commercial and non-commercial, are mentioned alongside with the description of lexicographic products that have been offered by them to the lexicon users. The minireview makes it clear that there is an obvious tendency among the Swedish dictionary users to abandon paper-based dictionaries and switch over to online portals and apps, which influences the practices adopted by commercial publishing houses, such as Norstedts, Bonniers, Natur & Kultur. Among the leading non-commercial players, the Swedish Academy, the Swedish Language Bank, Institute for Language and Folklore are named. Swedish monolingual lexicography offers, however, dictionaries produced not only by experts but also by non-experts (i.e. using the efforts of the crowd).

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Threatt, Anthony L., Jessica Merino, Johnell O. Brooks, Stan Healy, Constance Truesdail, Joseph Manganelli, Ian Walker, and Keith Evan Green. "The Design, Prototyping, and Formative Evaluation of an Assistive Robotic Table (ART) for Stroke Patients." HERD: Health Environments Research & Design Journal 10, no. 3 (February 19, 2017): 152–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1937586716687802.

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Objective: This article presents the results of an exploratory study in which 14 healthcare subject matter experts (H-SMEs) in addition to four research and design subject matter experts (RD-SMEs) at a regional rehabilitation hospital engaged in a series of complementary, participatory activities in order to design an assistive robotic table (ART). Background: As designers, human factor experts, and healthcare professionals continue to work to integrate assistive human–robot technologies in healthcare, it is imperative to understand how the technology affects patient care from clinicians’ perspectives. Method: Fourteen clinical H-SMEs rated a subset of conceptual ART design ideas; participated in the iterative design process of ART; and evaluated a final cardboard prototype, the rehabilitation hospital’s current over-the-bed table (OBT), an ART built with true materials, and two therapy surface prototypes. Four RD-SMEs conducted a heuristic evaluation on the ART built with true materials. Data were analyzed by frequency and content analysis. Results: The results include a design and prototype for the next generation ART and a pneumatically controlled therapy surface, a broadened list of specifications for the future design and implementation of assistive robotic furniture, and final observations. Conclusion: When compared to the rehabilitation hospital’s current OBT, the developed ART in this study was successful. Designing novel features is dependent upon ensuring patient safety. The inclusion of clinicians in the participatory iterative design and evaluation process and the use of personas provided a broadened list of specifications for the successful implementation of assistive robotic furniture.

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Rabinovich, Daniel. "Oganesson, Where Art Thou?" Chemistry International 40, no. 4 (October 1, 2018): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ci-2018-0414.

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Abstract In a press release dated 30 December 2015, the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) announced that a thorough review by independent experts of the experimental data available for the syntheses of elements 113, 115, 117, and 118 has been concluded, and that the discovery of the four elements completing the 7th row of the periodic table was confirmed. The elemental names and symbols proposed shortly thereafter by the corresponding discovery teams met the criteria prescribed by IUPAC for naming new elements, and nihonium (Nh), moscovium (Mc), tennessine (Ts), and oganesson (Og), became permanent within a few months. As such, the ending of the name of element 118 and its location in the periodic table, below radon in group 18, are consistent with the assumption that oganesson could be regarded as a noble gas.

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Wu, Hanlu, Tengfei Ma, Lingfei Wu, Fangli Xu, and Shouling Ji. "Exploiting Heterogeneous Graph Neural Networks with Latent Worker/Task Correlation Information for Label Aggregation in Crowdsourcing." ACM Transactions on Knowledge Discovery from Data 16, no. 2 (April 30, 2022): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3460865.

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Crowdsourcing has attracted much attention for its convenience to collect labels from non-expert workers instead of experts. However, due to the high level of noise from the non-experts, a label aggregation model that infers the true label from noisy crowdsourced labels is required. In this article, we propose a novel framework based on graph neural networks for aggregating crowd labels. We construct a heterogeneous graph between workers and tasks and derive a new graph neural network to learn the representations of nodes and the true labels. Besides, we exploit the unknown latent interaction between the same type of nodes (workers or tasks) by adding a homogeneous attention layer in the graph neural networks. Experimental results on 13 real-world datasets show superior performance over state-of-the-art models.

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Byoung Jing Kang, 이지연, 이현아, 고홍규, and Jeunghee Kim. "A study on the concept of art aptitude and its constructs: Focused on the survey about art experts’ conceptualization of art aptitude." Journal of Art Education 40 (February 2015): 1–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.35657/jae.2015.40.0.001.

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Beggs, Alan, and Kathryn Graddy. "Anchoring Effects: Evidence from Art Auctions." American Economic Review 99, no. 3 (May 1, 2009): 1027–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.99.3.1027.

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This paper shows that the price of a painting sold at an art auction and the experts' pre-sale valuations are anchored on the price at which the painting previously sold at auction. We are able to separate anchoring from rational learning by using the identifying strategy that the unobservable component of quality for a particular painting remains constant between the last auction sale and the current auction sale. We interpret these results as anchoring on the part of the buyers, with the sellers and auctioneers either anticipating anchoring on the part of the buyers or exhibiting anchoring effects themselves. (JEL D44, Z11)

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Pohl, Kilian M., Ender Konukoglu, Sebastian Novellas, Nicholas Ayache, Andriy Fedorov, Ion-Florin Talos, Alexandra Golby, William M. Wells, Ron Kikinis, and Peter M. Black. "A New Metric for Detecting Change in Slowly Evolving Brain Tumors: Validation in Meningioma Patients." Operative Neurosurgery 68, suppl_1 (March 1, 2011): ons225—ons233. http://dx.doi.org/10.1227/neu.0b013e31820783d5.

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Abstract BACKGROUND: Change detection is a critical component in the diagnosis and monitoring of many slowly evolving pathologies. OBJECTIVE: This article describes a semiautomatic monitoring approach using longitudinal medical images. We test the method on brain scans of patients with meningioma, which experts have found difficult to monitor because the tumor evolution is very slow and may be obscured by artifacts related to image acquisition. METHODS: We describe a semiautomatic procedure targeted toward identifying difficult-to-detect changes in brain tumor imaging. The tool combines input from a medical expert with state-of-the-art technology. The software is easy to calibrate and, in less than 5 minutes, returns the total volume of tumor change in mm3. We test the method on postgadolinium, T1-weighted magnetic resonance images of 10 patients with meningioma and compare our results with experts' findings. We also perform benchmark testing with synthetic data. RESULTS: Our experiments indicated that experts' visual inspections are not sensitive enough to detect subtle growth. Measurements based on experts' manual segmentations were highly accurate but also labor intensive. The accuracy of our approach was comparable to the experts' results. However, our approach required far less user input and generated more consistent measurements. CONCLUSION: The sensitivity of experts' visual inspection is often too low to detect subtle growth of meningiomas from longitudinal scans. Measurements based on experts' segmentation are highly accurate but generally too labor intensive for standard clinical settings. We described an alternative metric that provides accurate and robust measurements of subtle tumor changes while requiring a minimal amount of user input.

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Bandle, Anne Laure. "Fake or Fortune? Art Authentication Rules in the Art Market and at Court." International Journal of Cultural Property 22, no. 2-3 (August 2015): 379–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0940739115000107.

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Abstract:This article analyzes the dichotomy between the practices of the art market and of court judges when it comes to the authentication of works of art. While judges very much rely on experts acting in the art market, they may not necessarily pursue the same examination methods and conclusions, which can have serious repercussions on the art object and for its owner. The dichotomy unavoidably leads to the questions of what the correct assessment is and whether court judges should be conducting such examinations.Taking account of the difficulties judges and legislators face in attempting to interfere with established art market practices, it is suggested that courts are not an adequate forum to resolve authenticity disputes. Instead, scholars and art market actors should adopt improved authentication standards and, in the event of a dispute, refer to alternative means of dispute resolution.

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Włodarkiewicz, Adam, Joanna Narbutt, Zygmunt Adamski, Grażyna Chodorowska, Andrzej Kaszuba, Adam Reich, and Jacek Szepietowski. "Actinic keratosis – state of art. Statement of experts of Polish Dermatological Society." Dermatology Review 2 (2014): 156–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.5114/dr.2014.42831.

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Brodie. "The ‘Art World’ of the Auction Houses: The Role of Professional Experts." Arts 8, no. 2 (April 25, 2019): 56. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/arts8020056.

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Auction sales of unprovenanced, likely stolen, cultural objects continue to generate controversy. But while auction houses can appear to be relatively passive agents in the sales process, providing a platform for bringing together buyers and sellers, in reality their business practices are more complex. With reference to three recent disputed auctions of cultural objects, this paper explores in more detail the ‘art world’ of auction house business practices, exploring in particular the central role of professional experts in supporting auction sales and the legal and ethical implications of their involvement.

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Krishna, Vijay, and John Morgan. "The art of conversation: eliciting information from experts through multi-stage communication." Journal of Economic Theory 117, no. 2 (August 2004): 147–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jet.2003.09.008.

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O'Connell, Mary Ellen, and Sara DePaul. "Report on the Conference: Imperialism, Art and Restitution." International Journal of Cultural Property 12, no. 4 (November 2005): 487–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0940739105050253.

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March 26–27, 2004, in St. Louis, Missouri, the Washington University School of Law's Whitney R. Harris Institute for Global Legal Studies and the School of Art hosted the Imperialism, Art and Restitution Conference. The conference brought together many of the world's leading experts on art and antiquities law, museum policy, and the larger cultural context surrounding these fields. The conference organizers chose several particularly controversial case studies to generate debate and discussion around the issues of whether Western states and their museums should return major works of art and antiquities, acquired during the Age of Imperialism, to the countries of origin. The case studies included the Elgin/Parthenon Marbles, the Bust of Nefertiti, and objects protected by the Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act (NAGPRA). The format produced a lively, interdisciplinary, and sometimes passionate debate that helped crystallize issues and expose complexities but certainly produced no consensus around a simple solution of return or retain.

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Bandle, Anne Laure. "“Legal Questions of Art Auctions” (Rechtsfragen der Kunstauktion): Seminar held by the Europe Institute, University of Zurich and the Center of Art and Law, Zurich, 13 April 2011." International Journal of Cultural Property 18, no. 4 (November 2011): 449–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0940739111000348.

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Directed by Professor Dr. Kurt Siehr, Professor Dr. Wolfgang Ernst, and Dr. Andrea F. G. Raschèr, the seminar exposed the legal fundaments of art auctions and provided an overview of some underlying problems currently faced by practitioners and legal scholars. The seminar was followed by a panel discussion called the “Boon and Bane of Auction Houses for the Art Market,” gathering directors of auction houses as well as art market and art law experts.

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Weichselbaum, Hanna, Helmut Leder, and Ulrich Ansorge. "Implicit and Explicit Evaluation of Visual Symmetry as a Function of Art Expertise." i-Perception 9, no. 2 (March 2018): 204166951876146. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2041669518761464.

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In perception, humans typically prefer symmetrical over asymmetrical patterns. Yet, little is known about differences in symmetry preferences depending on individuals’ different past histories of actively reflecting upon pictures and patterns. To address this question, we tested the generality of the symmetry preference for different levels of individual art expertise. The preference for symmetrical versus asymmetrical abstract patterns was measured implicitly, by an Implicit Association Test (IAT), and explicitly, by a rating scale asking participants to evaluate pattern beauty. Participants were art history and psychology students. Art expertise was measured using a questionnaire. In the IAT, art expertise did not alter the preference for symmetrical over asymmetrical patterns. In contrast, the explicit rating scale showed that with higher art expertise, the ratings for the beauty of asymmetrical patterns significantly increased, but, again, participants preferred symmetrical over asymmetrical patterns. The results are discussed in light of different theories on the origins of symmetry preference. Evolutionary adaptation might play a role in symmetry preferences for art experts similarly to nonexperts, but experts tend to emphasize the beauty of asymmetrical depictions, eventually considering different criteria, when asked explicitly to indicate their preferences.

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Ilhan, Ayse Cakir. "Being gifted in art and music space in Turkey." New Trends and Issues Proceedings on Humanities and Social Sciences 6, no. 4 (September 24, 2019): 93–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.18844/prosoc.v6i4.4400.

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The gifted individual is an individual whose high performance in terms of intelligence, creativity, art, leadership capacity or academic fields is determined by experts. In the literature, when the individuals constituting the society are examined in terms of intelligence, 95% is considered to be normal, 3% is lowand 2% is superior. The development and progress of countries is only possible with the efficient use of skilled human resources. Three sets of characteristics for gifted children is defined in the study: general and special ability level, creativity and motivation. A workshop was organized by the Turkish Ministry of National Education on 21-22 January 2019 to form an action plan for “Education for Gifted”. 76 field experts and trainers participated in the workshop. This paper will discuss opinions relating to the field of arts, found in the report released at the end of the workshop and the current situation in Turkey will be summarized. The data of the descriptive study will be collected based on document review and observation. Keywords: Art, Art education, Fine arts, gifted children, leadership

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Et.al, Mohd Ekram AlHafis bin Hashim. "Applying Fuzzy Delphi Method (FDM) to obtaining the Expert Consensus in Aesthetic Experience (AX) and User Experience (UX) Elements in Augmented Reality Comic (AR Comic)." Turkish Journal of Computer and Mathematics Education (TURCOMAT) 12, no. 3 (April 11, 2021): 802–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/turcomat.v12i3.787.

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This paper discusses the application of Fuzzy Delphi Method (FDM) to obtain the expert consensus inAesthetic Experience (AX) and User Experience (UX) elements for Augmented Reality Comic (AR Comic). Theoretically, AR and comics are two distinctive fields that represent the technology and art. The former is Human Computer Interaction (HCI) for AR and the later is an art form for comic. Consequently, the UX elements are commonly used by scholars to measure AR, while the AX elements are used for evaluate comics. The purpose of this study is to formulate a new elements in AR comic.Thus,both AX and UX elements are subsequently being merged and the consensus from expertsfrom both fields are required. The FDM was selected in this study based on the ability of this method to obtain the constructs and the elements objectively with suggestion and reflection from the selected experts. Expected results from expert consensus are the combination of both elements as a new framework of AR comic.

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Fitch, W. Tecumseh, and Gesche Westphal-Fitch. "Fechner revisited: Towards an inclusive approach to aesthetics." Behavioral and Brain Sciences 36, no. 2 (March 18, 2013): 140–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x12001604.

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AbstractAccepting Bullot & Reber's (B&R's) criteria for art appreciation would confine the study of aesthetics to those works for which historical information is available, mainly post–eighteenth-century Western “high art.” We reject their contention that “correct” artistic understanding is limited to experts with detailed knowledge or education in art, which implies a narrowly elitist conception of aesthetics. Scientific aesthetics must be broadly inclusive.

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Pitrelli, Nico. "Science and society: a dialogue without communicators?" Journal of Science Communication 07, no. 01 (March 21, 2008): C07. http://dx.doi.org/10.22323/2.07010307.

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To give a good public speech is art; but definitely more difficult is to organize a productive exchange of points of views between scientists, experts, non-experts and policy-makers on controversial issues such as a scenario workshop or a consensus conference. Many skills and a deep knowledge both of the topic and of the methodology are required. But this is the future of science communication, a field where the dialogical model will impose new and complex formats of communication and a new sensibility, using also the most traditional media. But are science communicators prepared for that? What is the state of the art of science communicator training?

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Karimimoshaver, Mehrdad, Bahare Eris, Farshid Aram, and Amir Mosavi. "Art in Urban Spaces." Sustainability 13, no. 10 (May 17, 2021): 5597. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13105597.

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This study investigates the effect of art on promoting the meaning of the urban space. After considering the semantic dimension of the urban space and the mechanism of transferring the meanings of art through the views of experts, a model is presented for examining the art’s cooperation in promoting urban space meaning. In the first stage, the categories of space meanings influenced by art were extracted using the qualitative method of interpretative phenomenological analysis, and by examining 61 in-depth interviews in 6 urban spaces eligible for urban art in Tehran. In the second stage, these categories were surveyed in these spaces through 600 questionnaires after converting to the questionnaire items. Based on the results, “experience and perception capability”, “social participation”, and “relationship with context” were the main themes of the semantic relationships between art and urban space. Further, the lower scores related to the theme of “social participation” in the quantitative investigations indicate that this theme was weaker than the other themes in promoting the meaning of the urban space through the art in the selected urban spaces.

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Ginsburgh, Victor. "Awards, Success and Aesthetic Quality in the Arts." Journal of Economic Perspectives 17, no. 2 (May 1, 2003): 99–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/089533003765888458.

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The role of experts is dramatically increasing in our societies, where sorting information about quality is becoming more and more difficult. This paper looks at expertise in the arts (movies, novels and musical interpretation) and shows that expert opinion given shortly after the work has been produced (Oscars, prizes, rankings in musical competitions) may influence success, though it does not always recognize talent and does often not survive the “test of time,” considered by many art philosophers, since Hume, as one of the possible measures of fundamental aesthetic quality.

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Avdeeva, G. "PROBLEMS OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE RIGHTS OF CRIMINAL PROCEDURE PARTICIPANTS ON THE USE OF SPECIAL KNOWLEDGE IN THE CONDITIONS OF COMPETITIVE CRIMINAL PROCEDURE." Criminalistics and Forensics, no. 64 (May 7, 2019): 223–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.33994/kndise.2019.64.19.

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А competition between the criminal procedure parties and equality rights in presentation their evidences to the court, the availability of accused right to defense himself are among the basic principles of legal procedure in Ukraine. Despite the fact that in Art. 22 of the Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine states that «criminal proceedings are carried out on the basis of the adversarial procedure», the parties of criminal procedure in Ukraine do not have equaling rights and opportunities to gather evidence through the using of special knowledge. A law № 2147-19 inured at the end of 2017 in Ukraine. The changes in the Criminal procedure law and Ukraine law «About a forensic examination» banned for lawyers and investigators to choose theyselves an expert establishment or experts. Investigators, public prosecutors and advocates have a right only to send a request to the judge about needing of a forensic examination. A judge personally chooses expert establishment or an expert. It is a cause of the substantial lowing of rights of lawyers and investigators in the collecting of proofs. These problems of regulation of expert activity in Ukraine do not correspond to the competitive European principles of the court. Part of these problems can be resolved if in Ukraine will adopt the Project of law № 8249. It is proposed in this law to return rights for the investigators and lawyers, which allow them personally to attract of experts. Also it is proposed to allow to nonstate experts and other specialists to conduct forensic examinations. This will bring the legislation of Ukraine closer to the legislation of the member countries of the European Union and will allow the principle of equality of parties rights of criminal procedure. A competition between state and non-state experts will lead to an increase of the quality and scientific level of expert conclusions. Key words: criminal proceedings, special knowledge, competitive judiciary.

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Bednarik, Robert G. "European Art: the Palaeolithic Legacy?" Cambridge Archaeological Journal 7, no. 2 (October 1997): 255–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0959774300001967.

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The recent discovery of open-air rock engravings in the Côa valley of northern Portugal has been followed by a vigorous debate over their true age. On grounds of style and of stylistic parallels, many rock art specialists attribute the Côa engravings (and similar carvings at a handful of other sites in Iberia and southern France) to the Upper Palaeolithic, contemporary with the more famous cave art ofLascaux and elsewhere. Attempts so far to date the Côa engravings by scientific techniques have produced relatively recent age estimates for this art. Robert Bednarik has been among the strongest proponents of such a recent date, and in this noe he seeks to explain how the Côa art could be Holocene, or even late Holocene, yet still bear striking stylistic resemblance to carvings or other representations of known Palaeolithic age. In the spirit of the debate, we have invited three rock art experts to comment on Bednarik's theory of artistic continuity, and have appended his own reply to these responses.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Art experts'

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