Relevant bibliographies by topics / Art forgers

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Art forgers'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 30 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Art forgers"

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Soloshenko, Viktoriia. "Art Forgery: The International Context." Diplomatic Ukraine, no. XXII (2021): 829–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.37837/2707-7683-2021-45.

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The article deals with the problem of art forgery, its local and global dimensions, whilst also exploring the origins of this practice. The author argues that works of art have always aroused and continue arousing great interest among collectors, art admirers, and specialists in forgeries. It has been found in the research that collecting has been practiced since ancient times, in a certain way promoting the process of art forgery. The author mentions well-known and reputable world auction houses and reveals the role of some of them in trafficking forged paintings. The article emphasises that the scandals related to trading art forgery cast a dark shadow on auctions and galleries in general. Paintings have proven to be one of the most common items of antiquity and forgery. It is established in the article that the prices for the artworks of famous masters have increased from thousands to millions of dollars over the years, and that they are generally recognised as a reliable investment. The replenishment of collections with purchased works of art is always a large and lucrative business. However, not all of these masterpieces are originals. The presented research shows that this problem keeps gaining momentum and needs to be resolved on a global level. The article notes that the 20th century can be characterised by positive achievements and discoveries of humankind. However, it has engraved in history the problem of art forgery mired in scandals of a worldwide scale. The author highlights famous forgeries and falsifications as well as the most popular art forgers and paintings. The forgers were found to have skillfully used the hardships connected with the chaos and displacement of cultural property caused by the two world wars. As a result, forgery artworks appear on the auctions, where they can find their new owners. It misleads museums, collectors, and millions of art lovers. The article describes the methods, which forgers use in their work, and reveals their motivation for making fake art products. The details and ways, which allows distinguishing a counterfeit artwork from the original, are also covered in the research. The article shows how the international community invests great efforts to find originals, detect existing forgeries, and prevent the creation of new fakes. Interpol’s opening of a previously classified database of stolen works of art has proved helpful in partially blocking forged artwork distribution channels. Keywords: works of art, forgers, forgeries, art market, auction houses, galleries, museums, theft, search, Interpol.
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Hendel, Ronald. "Notes on the Orthography of the Shapira Manuscripts: The Forger’s Marks." Zeitschrift für die alttestamentliche Wissenschaft 133, no. 2 (May 26, 2021): 225–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zaw-2021-2008.

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Abstract The Shapira manuscripts, putatively precursors of Deuteronomy, have many indications of forgery, particularly in the orthography, which mixes the writing conventions of the Mesha stele and the Hebrew Bible. Notably, the consistent use of waw, instead of he, to mark final ō is an anachronism. These problems were not perceivable by the text’s nineteenth century critics (or its forgers), but in hindsight are clear marks of the forger’s art.
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Amineddoleh, Leila. "Purchasing Art in a Market Full of Forgeries: Risks and Legal Remedies for Buyers." International Journal of Cultural Property 22, no. 2-3 (August 2015): 419–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s094073911500020x.

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Abstract:Since the first lawsuit against the Knoedler Gallery was filed for selling forgeries, the art world has been abuzz with stories of high-end fakes. However, forgeries are not a new phenomenon. The law of supply and demand dictates that there will be no end to the rising value of artworks done by the hands of “masters.” And with soaring market prices, art forgery will proliferate as forgers find incentive in skyrocketing sales. At the heart of forgery disputes is the determination of authenticity. Who makes these determinations? How does the market and legal world handle a battle of experts? Moreover, what remedies are available to disappointed buyers? The best method of protection is to complete due diligence; however, the process is often complex and expensive. Even after completing due diligence, it is possible for buyers to be left with sophisticated fakes. What legal remedies are available to buyers?
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Dundler, Lauren. "Art crime: terrorists, tomb raiders, forgers and thieves." Journal of Policing, Intelligence and Counter Terrorism 11, no. 2 (July 2, 2016): 199. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/18335330.2016.1231377.

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Prajakta, Harne, Mishra M.K, and Sodhi G.S. "Variation in Length of Signatures in Case of Simulated Forgery." Journal of Forensic Chemistry and Toxicology 4, no. 2 (December 15, 2018): 83–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.21088/jfct.2454.9363.4218.2.

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Simulated or imitation forgery is one of the pervasive forgeries among the group of forgers, where genuine signature of signatory authority is available to forger and he attempts to execute by following the pictorial effect of the design of the signature by simply drawing the same. However, several factors are revealed during this act of forgery. Not every reproduction has a perfect evidence of poor line quality, retouching, and other “classic” features that may establish it as a fraud. Others, specifically those carried out when copying simple short signatures may have a line quality not very diverse from the signature and can be made without pen lifts, retouching, or tracing. In such cases, it may not be probable to opine with an extraordinary degree of confidence that the questioned writing is an imitation, but, according to its degree of inaccuracy, that exist, it may be apparent to postulate forgery.\
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Łydżba-Kopczyńska, Barbara I., and Janusz Szwabiński. "Attribution Markers and Data Mining in Art Authentication." Molecules 27, no. 1 (December 23, 2021): 70. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27010070.

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Today’s global art market is a billion-dollar business, attracting not only investors but also forgers. The high number of forged works requires reliable authentication procedures to mitigate the risk of investments. However, with the developments in the methodology, continuous time pressure and the threat of litigation, authenticating artwork is becoming increasingly complex. In this paper, we examined whether the decision process involved in the authenticity examination may be supported by machine learning algorithms. The idea is motivated by existing clinical decision support systems. We used a set of 55 artworks (including 12 forged ones) with determined attribution markers to train a decision tree model. From our preliminary results, it follows that it is a very promising technique able to support art experts. Decision trees are able to summarize the existing knowledge about all investigations and may also be used as a classifier for new paintings with known markers. However, larger datasets with artworks of known provenance are needed to build robust classification models. The method can also utilize the most important markers and, consequently, reduce the costs of investigations.
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Chappell, Duncan, and Kenneth Polk. "Fakers and Forgers, Deception and Dishonesty: An Exploration of the Murky World of Art Fraud." Current Issues in Criminal Justice 20, no. 3 (March 2009): 393–412. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10345329.2009.12035819.

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Haval Sadiq, Bareen. "Image Splicing Forgery Detection using Standard Division-Local Binary Pattern Features." Academic Journal of Nawroz University 12, no. 3 (June 20, 2023): 35–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.25007/ajnu.v12n3a1839.

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Numerous aspects of daily life contribute to societal stability, and the security of people's perceptions of the world online is one target of various malicious attacks. Professional forgers can now quickly create copy-move, splice, or retouch photos with the use of today's advanced tools. It has been determined that splicing, is a widespread method of manipulating images. Image forgery can also lead to substantial setbacks and challenges, some of which may have significant ethical, moral, or legal consequences. Thus, the paper proposes a system that combines SD-LBP (Standard Devision-Local Binary Pattern) based passive picture splicing detection system and ANN classifier. The SD-LBP is created to have the benefits and avoid drawbacks of Local Binary Pattern (LBP). The SD-LBP extraction is typically performed by employing proposed SD value-based thresholding instead of the center pixel, which is robust to noise and other photometric attacks. The second part of the proposed system is the ANN classifier is used that extract the feature of images to lower the error and build a model that can tell spliced images from real photos that have been digitally altered. The proposed system is creating a reliable image forgery detection technique that was implemented with CASIA V2.0 standard dataset. The results showing that it outperformed compared with other methods on the in terms of accuracy (97.8%), sensitivity (98.6%), and specificity (97.1%). Most importantly, the proposed SFD method exceeded the state-of-the-art efforts in this field in terms of accuracy.
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Salisbury, Laney. "Art Forgers—Criminals or Heroes? In the Post-Truth Era It's Time for an Unequivocal Answer." Social Research: An International Quarterly 85, no. 4 (December 2018): 827–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/sor.2018.0052.

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Odenkirk, Sarah Conley. "Review of Noah Charney, Art Crime: Terrorists, Tomb Raiders, Forgers and Thieves. 364 pp. London: Palgrave Macmillan, 2016." International Journal of Cultural Property 24, no. 2 (May 2017): 243–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0940739117000042.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Art forgers"

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Norling, Per. "Förfalskningens lockelse : Analys av två svenska brottsmål om bedrägeri och signaturförfalskning." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Konstvetenskapliga institutionen, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-310205.

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The purpose of the paper is to present work patterns from two perspectives, the art expert´s and art forger´s, as the patterns can be retrieved from two Swedish criminal cases of fraud, the case "T" and the case "M". A minor purpose is to create a knowledge base extracted from literature regarding more general work patterns used by art experts when they work with attribution.   The method used can best be named descriptive. Forged artwork from nine artists are described and comments on the fake procedures are provided from buyers, forgers/sellers, middlemen (auction houses), police, prosecutors, experts, lawyers and the Stockholm District Court. The result in the paper can be summarized as follows: 1/ General work patterns with attribution: The track-paradigm is governing the expert´s work. As a start we have a time-setting, by identifying general style patterns in the artwork. Then there is a search for a possible geographical area where the work could have been created, and also a search for art schools and artist groups in that area. If a possible attribution of the work to an artist can be done, a search starts for that artist´s characteristics when it comes to motive, color selection, composition, figures, brush movements etc. Different types of physical measurements and tests can provide a complement to the qualitative analysis. The signature, if there is one, is examined and the provenance for the work is searched for. Information about the work in different archives can strengthen the results. 2/ “T” & “M” - the art expert´s patterns: All experts go directly to the alleged artist for a critical analysis of the specific work. First an overall evaluation is done, and that is often sufficient to reject the work. If necessary, details in the work are examined. If a signature is present, it is examined and compared with genuine ones. In some cases, technical studies are used to reach a definitive verdict. The police focus is to identify inaccuracies and fakes in the sales information, and to show efforts to hide information.    3/ “T” & “M” - the forger’s patterns: Art works from recent years are used as models for the creation of pastiches. Craftsmanship is toned down. Pitfalls are being circumvented by selection of genuine material ingredients and selection of secure image content related to the chosen artist. There is a thorough work with information creation to ensure the prospective buyer's desire for proof of authenticity. In parallel there is a work with cover up, and to secure information gaps.
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Maclean, Ewan. "False images : a social history of art forgery." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/19082.

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This thesis considers the history of art forgery in the Western world and the social conditions which produce the practice. The main concentration is on paintings and sculpture, but other areas, including 'antiques', are included where appropriate. The thesis is divided into three parts. The first part outlines the history of art forgery from its origins during the Roman Empire to the present day. The primary concern is with uncovering the development, extent and location of art forgery, rather than a detailed consideration of particular cases. It is shown that art forgery is not a universal practice, but is historically and culturally limited to the hellenistic and Roman world and, until recently, Europe since the Renaissance. The second part of the thesis explains the immediate conditions and circumstances which are necessary before art forgery will occur. These are shown to be the valuing of works of art as coming from a particular historical moment, culture or artist; positive distinction being made in favour of 'original' works over copies; and an adequate system of appropriation (found in collecting). The developments of these conditions are considered in turn. The third and last part takes the analysis a stage further, and looks at the economic and social structures on which the immediate conditions set out in the second part arc based. Here individualisalion and commodificalion, central to ihc structure of capitalism, arc shown to have been influential in changing the position of the artist and nature of art in society. Also of importance, it is argued, was the "crisis of status" which followed the dismantling of feudal hierarchy. This is related, utilising Bourdicu's work on 'distinction', to the need for groups in the more fluid social relations of modern society to distinguish and distance themselves from others, and to define and protect their status. It is shown that art has a central role to play here, and that forgery partly occurs as a consequence of this.
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Garvin, Kaitlyn. "A Genuine Dilemma: The Piombino Apollo and Fraud in the First and Second Century Greco-Roman Art Market." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/20470.

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In 1832, fishermen pulled a full-body bronze sculpture of a youth, now called the Piombino Apollo, from the sea near ancient Populonia. Under life-size, the piece resembles an Archaic kouros, though it has some notable unusual features including an inscription dedicating the supposed image of Apollo to Athena and the signatures of two artists found on a lead tablet hidden within the hollow bronze. These unusual features led scholars to eventually reclassify the piece from an Archaic work of the fifth century to an Archaistic forgery of the second or first century. Few have challenged this reclassification, but this thesis attempts to complicate the application of the word forgery to the Piombino Apollo. Further, it examines whether a contemporary buyer would have been fooled by the sculpture’s “deceptive” traits and offers alternative possibilities to account for the artists’ choices of style, pose, and inscriptions.
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Hatch, Marci Joy. "The value of forgeries, a meaningful tool of art historical study." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/MQ30677.pdf.

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Iacovone, Michael Dax. "Memories We Forget." VCU Scholars Compass, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10156/1875.

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Shipe, Rebekah C. "Authenticity, Originality and the Copy: Questions of Truth and Authorship in the Work of Mark Landis, Elizabeth Durack, and Richard Prince." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1337265281.

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Orengo, Lionel. "Forges et forgerons dans les habitats laténiens de la Grande Limagne d'Auvergne : fabrication et consommation de produits manufacturés en fer en Gaule à l' âge du fer /." Montagnac : M. Mergoil, 2003. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb392360330.

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Hedtke, Travis. "Don't forget about teen fathers what programs are available? /." Menomonie, WI : University of Wisconsin--Stout, 2004. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/2004/2004hedtket.pdf.

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Mockford, Jack. "'They are exactly as bank notes are' : perceptions and technologies of bank note forgery during the Bank Restriction Period, 1797-1821." Thesis, University of Hertfordshire, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2299/15308.

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Previous studies of Bank Note forgery in England during the Bank Restriction Period have adopted a highly institutional focus. Thus, much is known about the role played by both the Bank of England and the workings of the criminal justice system in combating both forgers and forged note utterers. The question of how the new system of small denomination Bank Notes impacted upon the day to day lives and understandings of the people that used them has received far less attention. The actual means by which Bank Notes were themselves forged has also been overlooked. This has led to a somewhat two-dimensional view of these notes as material objects. This thesis will engage with common mentalities and perceptions, seeking to write a 'new history from below' of both Bank Notes and their forgery in this period. Its primary aims will be to explore the question of why the English people were so easily imposed upon by forged Bank Notes; the various means by which forged notes could be constructed; and what an analysis of both of these points can tell us about economic and social understandings of non-elite people at this time. It will be argued that by studying instances in which small denomination Bank Notes were routinely exchanged, we can highlight a significant dichotomy of understanding in a society that was starting to engage with a new culture of promise based fiduciary paper money, yet was still deeply rooted in early-modern notions of paper instruments as objects of personal credit and debt. The thesis will show that heavy exposure to Bank Notes at this time clearly equipped some contemporaries with their own personalised sets of aesthetic and material "standards", against which the "goodness" of any monetary instrument with which they were presented would be compared. Others continued to examine the material aspect of Bank Notes via a direct comparison or consultation with others. Neither approach was always successful and indeed whatever method was adopted, the common occurrence of the materials and technologies required to construct a credible imitation of a Bank Note meant that it was not just illiterate persons that were susceptible to being deceived. Even a reading of the Bank Note's literate text failed to provide sufficient defence against the activities of the forger.
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Steinkamp, Mirja. "Die Eisenhütte Gittelde, 1700-1787 : eine betriebswirtschaftliche Untersuchung /." Stuttgart : F. Steiner, 1997. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb371196743.

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Books on the topic "Art forgers"

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Johannes, Hirsch. Narrationen der Fälschung: Von Kunstfälschung und Erzählkunst bei Wolfgang Beltracchi, Eric Hebborn und Elmyr de Hory. Giessen: Psychosozial-Verlag, 2016.

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Wynne, Frank. I was Vermeer: The legend of the forger who swindled the Nazis. London: Bloomsbury, 2006.

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Feliu, Diego. Desmontando a Elmyr. Palma de Mallorca: Editorial Sloper, 2018.

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Shapiro, Barbara A. The art forger. Waterville, ME: Thorndike Press, 2013.

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Vigna, Pierre Dalla. L' opera d'arte nell'età della falsificazione. Bergamo: Editori per l'autogestione cooperativa, 1987.

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Harvey, Jacques. Incroyable mais faux. Paris: Presses de la Cité, 1993.

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Wynne, Frank. I was Vermeer: The rise and fall of the twentieth century's greatest forger. New York: Bloomsbury, 2006.

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Mrugalla, Edgar. König der Kunstfälscher: Meine Erinnerungen. Berlin: Ullstein, 1993.

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Lessard, Réal. L' amour du faux. Paris: Hachette, 1988.

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Stammégna, Sauveur. Les faux Monticellis. [France: s.n., 1987.

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Book chapters on the topic "Art forgers"

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Charney, Noah. "Profiling Art Forgers." In The Palgrave Handbook on Art Crime, 289–99. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-54405-6_14.

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Samaey, Giovanni, and Joos P. L. Vandewalle. "The Art of Forgery." In Copernicus Books, 77–81. New York, NY: Springer US, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-2776-1_10.

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Gopnik, Blake. "On “In Praise of Forgery”." In Art Crime, 21–26. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-40757-3_2.

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Sloggett, Robyn. "Unmasking Art Forgery: Scientific Approaches." In The Palgrave Handbook on Art Crime, 381–406. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-54405-6_19.

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Rusk, Bruce. "Forged of Paper." In Posthumous Art, Law and the Art Market, 121–30. New York: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003185697-15.

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Bolz, Anna. "Fraud, Forgery and Authentication." In A Regulatory Framework for the Art Market?, 107–253. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-18743-8_3.

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Taylor, Jason R. B., Aryaz Baradarani, and Roman Gr Maev. "Art Forgery Detection via Craquelure Pattern Matching." In Computational Forensics, 176–87. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-20125-2_15.

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Cook, Kate, Mark James, and Richard Lee. "Forgery and Counterfeiting Act 1981." In Core Statutes on Criminal Law, 91–94. London: Macmillan Education UK, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-54431-5_36.

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Mittler, Barbara. "Never Forget Mao." In Art and Modernism in Socialist China, 219–39. New York: Routledge, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003450535-17.

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Cole, Simon A. "Connoisseurship All the Way Down: Art Authentication, Forgery, Fingerprint Identification, Expert Knowledge." In Art Crime, 27–32. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-40757-3_3.

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Conference papers on the topic "Art forgers"

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Carvalho, Tiago, Hélio Pedrini, and Anderson Rocha. "Illumination Inconsistency Sleuthing for Exposing Composition Telltales in Digital Images." In XXVIII Concurso de Teses e Dissertações da SBC. Sociedade Brasileira de Computação - SBC, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5753/ctd.2015.9994.

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Images are powerful communication tools. Due to this power it is often worrisome when image manipulations come into play allowing forgers to deceive viewers, change opinions or even affect how people perceive reality. Therefore, it is paramount to devise and deploy efficient and effective forgery detection techniques. From all types of image forgeries, composition images (forgeries using parts of two or more images) are of particular interest. Among different techniques for spotting forgeries, image illumination inconsistencies are the most promising. This work builds upon the hypothesis that “image illumination inconsistencies are strong and powerful evidence of image composition” and presents four original and effective approaches to detecting image forgeries. The first method explores eye specular highlight telltales to estimate the light source and viewer positions in an image. The second and third approaches explore the color phenomenon called metamerism, whereby two colors may appear to match under one light source but appear completely different under another one. Finally, the last approach relies on user’s interaction to specify 3-D normals of suspect objects in an image from which the 3-D light source position can be estimated. These approaches represent important advances, which certainly will be a strong tool for forensic analysts against image forgeries.
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Wu, Xiaoshuai, Xin Liao, Bo Ou, Yuling Liu, and Zheng Qin. "Are Watermarks Bugs for Deepfake Detectors? Rethinking Proactive Forensics." In Thirty-Third International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-24}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2024/673.

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AI-generated content has accelerated the topic of media synthesis, particularly Deepfake, which can manipulate our portraits for positive or malicious purposes. Before releasing these threatening face images, one promising forensics solution is the injection of robust watermarks to track their own provenance. However, we argue that current watermarking models, originally devised for genuine images, may harm the deployed Deepfake detectors when directly applied to forged images, since the watermarks are prone to overlap with the forgery signals used for detection. To bridge this gap, we thus propose AdvMark, on behalf of proactive forensics, to exploit the adversarial vulnerability of passive detectors for good. Specifically, AdvMark serves as a plug-and-play procedure for fine-tuning any robust watermarking into adversarial watermarking, to enhance the forensic detectability of watermarked images; meanwhile, the watermarks can still be extracted for provenance tracking. Extensive experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed AdvMark, leveraging robust watermarking to fool Deepfake detectors, which can help improve the accuracy of downstream Deepfake detection without tuning the in-the-wild detectors. We believe this work will shed some light on the harmless proactive forensics against Deepfake.
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Katsumoto, Yuichiro. "We Forge the Chains We Wear in Life." In SIGGRAPH Art Gallery '24: ACM SIGGRAPH 2024 Art Gallery. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3641523.3665173.

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Somepalli, Gowthami, Vasu Singla, Micah Goldblum, Jonas Geiping, and Tom Goldstein. "Diffusion Art or Digital Forgery? Investigating Data Replication in Diffusion Models." In 2023 IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR). IEEE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cvpr52729.2023.00586.

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Dhanya, R., and R. Kalai Selvi. "A state of the art review on copy move forgery detection techniques." In 2017 IEEE International Conference on Circuits and Systems (ICCS). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccs1.2017.8325963.

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Wilk, Dariusz. "REDUCTION AND PREVENTION OF ART FORGERY BY CRIMINAL LAW MEASURES AND FORENSIC METHODS." In SGEM 2014 Scientific SubConference on POLITICAL SCIENCES, LAW, FINANCE, ECONOMICS AND TOURISM. Stef92 Technology, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgemsocial2014/b21/s5.097.

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Jung, Soonchul, Jae Woo Kim, Jin-Seo Kim, and Yoon-Seok Choi. "A Deep Learning Approach Based on Image Patch Sets for Art Forgery Detection." In 2023 14th International Conference on Information and Communication Technology Convergence (ICTC). IEEE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ictc58733.2023.10393782.

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Boll, Christopher, Stephan Staudacher, Stefan Spieler, and Dirk Gebser. "Supply Chain Simulation and Economical Evaluation of Forged Titanium Discs for Aircraft Engines." In ASME Turbo Expo 2005: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2005-68310.

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A top level investigation of the supply chain of forged titanium discs resulted in the fact that about 60% of the value-add and about 50% of the time used up in the supply-chain result from the titanium forgers. Engine manufacturers should focus on these companies when optimising their supply chain. The tool factory simulation with an attached economic evaluation tool is able to contribute to this supply chain optimization. It is presented and discussed on the basis of a titanium supply chain optimization from the view of an engine OEM. Two examples show the ability of this approach to predict the impact of future scenarios. Opportunities and weaknesses of this approach are discussed as well as ways and possibilities to bring a forging factory as well as the supply chain closer to optimal performance are evaluated and explained.
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Jain, P., N. Sinha, S. Kaur, S. Koli, and A. Sharma. "Image forgery detection using deep neural networks: current state-of-the-art and future directions." In International Conference on Computer Vision and Internet of Things 2023 (ICCVIoT'23). Institution of Engineering and Technology, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/icp.2023.2895.

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Alsuhimat, Fadi Mohammad, and Fatma Susilawati Mohamad. "Convolutional Neural Network for Offline Signature Verification via Multiple Classifiers." In 7th International Conference on Natural Language Computing (NATL 2021). Academy and Industry Research Collaboration Center (AIRCC), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5121/csit.2021.112008.

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The signature process is one of the most significant processes used by organizations to preserve the security of information and protect it from unwanted penetration or access. As organizations and individuals move into the digital environment, there is an essential need for a computerized system able to distinguish between genuine and forged signatures in order to protect people's authorization and decide what permissions they have. In this paper, we used Pre-Trained CNN for extracts features from genuine and forged signatures, and three widely used classification algorithms, SVM (Support Vector Machine), NB (Naive Bayes) and KNN (k-nearest neighbors), these algorithms are compared to calculate the run time, classification error, classification loss and accuracy for test-set consist of signature images (genuine and forgery). Three classifiers have been applied using (UTSig) dataset; where run time, classification error, classification loss and accuracy were calculated for each classifier in the verification phase, the results showed that the SVM and KNN got the best accuracy (76.21), while the SVM got the best run time (0.13) result among other classifiers, therefore the SVM classifier got the best result among the other classifiers in terms of our measures.
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Reports on the topic "Art forgers"

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Austin, Greg. Forget China, the real Voice influencers are in Australia. Edited by Lachlan Guselli. Monash University, October 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.54377/ba13-6884.

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Macpherson, Hannah. Arts Interventions for Sustainable Sanitation and Resource Recovery. Institute of Development Studies, March 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/ids.2023.013.

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Many countries in the global South declare regions to be open defecation free (ODF), but they must still address significant sanitation, wastewater, and faecal sludge management challenges. Climate uncertainty, water shortages, and weak infrastructure mean that ‘flush and forget’ systems are not always possible or desirable. This briefing describes how art interventions can help people reimagine alternative sanitation futures. Drawing on research in Nepal, it describes how activities such as dance workshops, humanure planting, song competitions, and radio jingles can generate new knowledge about sanitation challenges and faecal sludge re-use, showing that ‘brown’ can be ‘gold’!
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Glazer, Itamar, Randy Gaugler, Yitzhak Spiegel, and Edwin Lewis. Host Adaptation in Entomopathogenic Nematodes: An Approach to Enhancing Biological Control Potential. United States Department of Agriculture, April 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1996.7613023.bard.

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The overall objective of our research was to develop methods to match species of entomopathogenic nematodes against the insect pests which they would be best adapted to control. The underlying hypothesis for this work was that entomopathogenic nematodes should be most effective when used against insect species to which they are naturally adapted to parasitize. Toward this end, we undertook a number of related studies focusing primarily on nematode foraging strategies. We found that foraging strategies affected host associations directly and indirectly. Nematodes' responses to host cues, and the role of their sensory organs based on lectin binding, led to new approaches to determining host range for these parasites. Based on this work, we developed a laboratory bioassay of host recognition behavior designed to predict field results. We also determined that nematodes that forage in a stationary manner (ambushers) have a slower metabolic rate than do active forgers (cruisers), thus their infective stage juveniles are longer lived. This study helps predict the duration of field activity after application and may partially explain field distributions of natural populations of entomopathogenic nematodes. The common thread linking all of these studies was that they led to a deeper understanding of the associations between entomopathogenic nematodes and insects as hosts.
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Krishnaswamy and Wilkowski. L51474 Brittle Fracture Initiation of Heavy-Wall Components. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), January 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010225.

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Pipeline valve bodies, fittings, flanges, and numerous other components are typically made of cast or forged low-alloy steels. The large wall thicknesses necessitated by the complex shapes of these components usually are not conducive to ductile fracture behavior. Nevertheless, there is a distinct need to have sufficient toughness in such components so that they will not be susceptible to catastrophic failure from defects that may remain after manufacturing and hydrostatic testing. The present practice for controlling toughness in such components consists of specifying arbitrary values of Charpy energy or percentage shear area at a given temperature to be determined on a coupon of the material made in a manner similar to the parent cast or forged component. These values are usually decided by agreement between the purchaser and manufacturer. This report describes experimental research aimed at correlating typical impact tests to more fundamental fracture mechanics tests using various available correlations and to predict full-scale fracture behavior of heavy-walled pipeline components using the fracture mechanics parameters obtained. The components examined in this research task are: (1) a 4-inch, 600 pound class valve, (2) a quarter section of a 24-inch Arctic grade valve, and (3) a 16-inch diameter by 0.75-inch wall, 45 degree elbow. Small-scale tests conducted on the 4-inch valve material were standard Charpy V-notch impact, precracked Charpy impact, precracked Charpy slow bend, dynamic tear, and three-point bend - J/COD tests. Only Charpy V-notch impact and J/COD tests were performed on the 24- inch Arctic Grade valve and the 16-inch elbow. This report describes a conservative approach to estimating failure stresses and tolerable flaw sizes to predict brittle fracture in heavy-wall components.
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Safi, Omid. ABOUT US NEWS & EVENTS LIBRARY AEMS RESEARCH PUBLICATIONS THE FAIRFAX INSTITUTE “GOD COMMANDS YOU TO JUSTICE AND LOVE” Islamic Spirituality and the Black-led Freedom Movement. IIIT, October 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.47816/01.005.20.

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Cornel West, widely seen as one of the most prophetic intellectuals of our generation, has famously said: “Never forget that justice is what love looks like in public.” This teaching, bringing together love and justice, also serves as one that links together the highest aspirations of Islamic spirituality and governance (Ihsan) and justice (‘adl). Within the realm of Islamic thought, Muqtedar Khan has written a thoughtful volume recently on the social and political implications of the key concept in Islamic spirituality, Ihsan.[1] The present essay serves to bring together these two by taking a look at some of the main insights of the Black-led Freedom Movement for Islamic governance and spirituality.
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McMillan, Caitilin, Anna Tonelli, and Kristina Mader. "Do Our Voices Matter?": An analysis of women civil society representatives’ meaningful participation at the UN Security Council. Oxfam, NGO Working Group on Women, Peace and Security (NGOWG), December 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.21201/2020.7116.

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Peace is made at home, in the streets, in our communities – and on the world stage. In all these spaces, women in all their diversity work to forge the conditions that make peace possible. Perhaps nowhere is this clearer than in conflict-affected countries, where diverse women’s organizations draw attention to human rights violations happening in wars, and offer alternative paths to peace. While women in civil society often lead the way in preventing and bringing an end to violence, they are not included meaningfully in peace and security decision-making, even at the UN Security Council (UNSC) – the guardian of the Women, Peace and Security agenda. This report, jointly published by Oxfam and the NGOWG, explores the practice of inviting women civil society representatives to brief the UNSC. It intends to push beyond the idea of participation as a checkbox exercise and analyzes the extent to which women’s voices form part of UNSC deliberations, and which conditions mean their participation has the most impact.
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Weston. L51649 A Study of Processes for Welding Pipelines. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), July 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010216.

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The construction of a pipeline involves the joining, end to end, of a series of standard lengths of pipe together with other connections to the necessary valves, pumps, etc. Technically, when considered in isolation, this is a relatively simple joining operation and a number of processes can be used to perform it. When all of the production constraints are taken into consideration, however, the selection task becomes considerably more complex. Pipe diameter and wall thickness ranges are wide and new pipe materials are continuously becoming available. On land the terrain can vary from prairie to mountains and from swamps to urban surroundings. A significant proportion of pipe laying is also being done at sea in water depths which can exceed 3,300 feet (1000m). Regardless of all of these changing circumstances, one factor remains constant, a need to produce a technically acceptable pipeline at the lowest possible overall cost. This report reviews the development of welding processes in two main categories, Fusion Welding and Forge Welding. Non Destructive Testing (NDT) is also reviewed. Within each category, each process is considered separately in terms of process principles, general applications, application to pipeline welding, equipment for pipe welding, consumables, process tolerance and skill requirements, weld quality and inspection, process economics, limitations and future developments. Similar areas areconsidered in the section on NDT.
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Савосько, Василь Миколайович, Юлія Бєлик, and Юрій Васильович Лихолат. Ecological and Geological Determination of the Initial Pedogenesis on Devastated Lands in the Kryvyi Rih Iron Mining & Metallurgical District (Ukraine). Journ. Geol. Geograph. Geoecology, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/123456789/3643.

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In our time, a very urgent problem is the cessation of negative impacts on the environment and the return to the practical use of the territories of devastated lands. In this regard, it is important to find out the basic laws of primary soil formation in the area of these man-made neoplasms. The initial soil formation conditions were analyzed on 19 experimental sites which represent the main varieties of devastated land in the Kryvyi Rih Iron Mining and Metallurgical District (Central Ukraine): (i) waste rock dumps of old iron mines (old name “Forges”), (ii) tailing storage facility of underground iron mines, (iii) waste rock dumps of the Iron Ore Mining and Dressing Plant, (iv) waste rock dumps of the Granite Quarry Plant. It was established that on the devastated lands in Kryvyi Rih District, the initial soil formation occurs in very difficult conditions. Therefore, over 25- 100 years only very primitive soils were formed. The following features are inherent to them: (1) primitive soil profile (thickness 10-100 mm), (2) low levels of soil organic substance content (9.5-11.5 %), (3) alkaline indicators of the soil solution (pHH2O – 8.08-8.92, pHKCl – 7.42-8.23), (4) low levels of cation exchange capacity (6.34-8.47 mMol /100 g). By results of correlation calculations, among the factors of soil formation time (duration of soil formation) and input of plant ash elements’ fall are characterized by the maximum number of statistically significant correlation coefficients and their numerical values. In terms of chemical composition of the technosol, the values of organic matter content and exchangeable acidity (pHKCl) were the most predictable soil formation factors. Generally physical / chemical characteristics of geological rocks (as parent material) and time were the two most important factors in determining the initial pedogenesis on devastated lands in the Kryvyi Rih Iron Mining & Metallurgical District (Ukraine).
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Boustati, Alma. The Advantages and Disadvantage of Double Taxation Agreements for Developing Countries. Institute of Development Studies, September 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2022.143.

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When a developing and a developed country sign Double Taxation Agreements (DTAs), its generally the case that the developing country is the one that forgoes some of its tax revenues (Braun & Fuentes, 2016). Nevertheless, developing countries enter these agreements on the assumption that this will have enough economic benefits to offset these losses (Neumayer, 2007). Besides alleviating the burden of double taxation, DTAs also have the added value of improving exchange of information, which helps combat tax evasion and avoidance (Barthel et al., 2009). One of the incentives for signing DTAs for developing countries is the increase in Foreign Direct Investments (FDIs) (Neumayer, 2007). The evidence from the literature on the link between signing DTAs and increasing FDIs is very mixed, with some finding a positive impact and others finding no impact (Quak & Timmis, 2018). However, the literature points to some clear factors that drive the relationship between FDIs and DTAs. There are also studies that attempt to quantify the tax revenue loss of developing countries when they enter DTAs. All the studies find substantial negative loss, although most do not account for the potential benefit of increased FDIs (ActionAid, 2016; IMF, 2014; Janský & Šedivý, 2018; McGauran, 2013; Van de Poel, 2016). There are also other reasons for why developing countries may still commit to negotiate and enter DTAs even when the benefits are not guaranteed. This includes increasing diplomatic ties with the treaty partner and the incentive of receiving foreign aid (Braun and Zagler, 2017). The other is a prisoner’s dilemma situation. The two most prevalent DTA conventions are the OECD Model and the UN Model. The UN Model tends to be more advantageous for developing countries compared to the OECD Model (Eyitayo-Oyesode, 2020). There are many issues over which the UN Committee’s expert members from developed and developing countries disagree but developed country member are better at influencing decisions. Finally, the OECD Model is updated more frequently, resulting in the UN one being comparatively out of date (Hearson, 2015; Quak & Timmis, 2018). Generally, the literature on the impact of DTAs on developing countries’ economies is extensive. This is especially the case for the impact of DTAs on FDIs as well as on tax revenue loss. However, because of the complexity of these issues, many of the empirical studies inevitably suffer from methodological issues that make conclusive claims very difficult. Notably missing from the literature is the impact of DTAs on international trade.
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Halych, Valentyna. SERHII YEFREMOV’S COOPERATION WITH THE WESTERN UKRAINIAN PRESS: MEMORIAL RECEPTION. Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, February 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vjo.2021.49.11055.

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The subject of the study is the cooperation of S. Efremov with Western Ukrainian periodicals as a page in the history of Ukrainian journalism which covers the relationship of journalists and scientists of Eastern and Western Ukraine at the turn of the XIX-XX centuries. Research methods (biographical, historical, comparative, axiological, statistical, discursive) develop the comprehensive disclosure of the article. As a result of scientific research, the origins of Ukrainocentrism in the personality of S. Efremov were clarified; his person as a public figure, journalist, publisher, literary critic is multifaceted; taking into account the specifics of the memoir genre and with the involvement of the historical context, the turning points in the destiny of the author of memoirs are interpreted, revealing cooperation with Western Ukrainian magazines and newspapers. The publications ‘Zoria’, ‘Narod’, ‘Pravda’, ‘Bukovyna’, ‘Dzvinok’, are secretly got into sub-Russian Ukraine, became for S. Efremov a spiritual basis in understanding the specifics of the national (Ukrainian) mass media, ideas of education in culture of Ukraine at the end of XIX century, its territorial integrity, and state independence. Memoirs of S. Efremov on cooperation with the iconic Galician journals ‘Notes of the Scientific Society after the name Shevchenko’ and ‘Literary-Scientific Bulletin’, testify to an important stage in the formation of the author’s worldview, the expansion of the genre boundaries of his journalism, active development as a literary critic. S. Yefremov collaborated most fruitfully and for a long time with the Literary-Scientific Bulletin, and he was impressed by the democratic position of this publication. The author’s comments reveal a long-running controversy over the publication of a review of the new edition of Kobzar and thematically related discussions around his other literary criticism, in which the talent of the demanding critic was forged. S. Efremov steadfastly defended the main principles of literary criticism: objectivity and freedom of author’s thought. The names of the allies of the Ukrainian idea L. Skochkovskyi, O. Lototskyi, O. Konyskyi, P. Zhytskyi, M. Hrushevskyi in S. Efremov’s memoirs unfold in multifaceted portrait descriptions and function as historical and cultural facts that document the pages of the author’s biography, record his activities in space and time. The results of the study give grounds to characterize S. Efremov as the first professional Ukrainian-speaking journalist.
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