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1
Fayers-Kerr, Kate Nialla. "Beyond the social skin : healing arts and sacred clays among the Mun (Mursi) of Southwest Ethiopia." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2013. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:f0831040-95b1-4548-a1f6-ebe2dda62d87.
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Ménonville, Siena-Antonia de. "Image in decency : an anthropology of Christian Orthodox image production in Ethiopia today." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCB221.
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La recherche présentée dans cette thèse a pour objet les producteurs d'images dans l'Éthiopie chrétienne orthodoxe contemporaine et la manière dont ils sont perçus. Ce travail s'inscrit à la croisée de l'anthropologie de la religion, de l'image et de la morale. J'argumenterai que les images servent d'articulation à un réseau de rapports sociaux complexes et qu'elles deviennent en retour les objets d'un discours moral ambivalent. Leur dimension spirituelle place leurs producteurs au cœur d'un tissu d'interactions avec le visible, l'invisible, le matériel et l'immatériel. L'étude des images et de leur production nécessite ainsi un examen du contexte social qui- nous le verrons- à la fois les condamne, les dissimule et leur donne leur sens. Le terrain de cette recherche est réduit à deux types de producteurs d'image : le peintre de l'EOTC (l'Église chrétienne orthodoxe éthiopienne) et le créateur d'images talismaniques appelé debtera. Je soutiendrai que si ce dernier est particulièrement l'objet d'un discours moral ambivalent, c'est avant tout que les images qu'il produit entrent en relation avec le domaine du spirituel dans le but de traiter les souffrances physiques et les problèmes liés à des affects comme la jalousie, la haine et certains désirs. Les affects dont il est question ici ont en commun d'être moralement condamnés et exclus du domaine de l'Église. Je soutiendrai que ces affects particuliers nécessitent un objet- ici, le talisman- pour pouvoir être exprimés. Enfin, dans cette recherche, l'étude des rapports complexes entretenus avec l'objet-médiateur, d'une part, et son producteur, d'autre part, se fera à travers l'examen d'une donnée particulière : le « gossip », c'est-à-dire l'ensemble des discussions informelles, ragots, opinions partagés et exprimés spontanémentThis dissertation is a study of Orthodox image-producers and how they are perceived in Ethiopia today. Its central thesis is that the image-producer creates objects that not only mediate relationships and exercise social power or agency, but also have the capacity to incite a moral discourse. Images in this context can have a spiritual impact that entangles their producers in a web of relationships with the visible, invisible; the material and immaterial: they necessitate an examination of the social agency that defines and obscures them. The focus of this study is restricted to two types of image-producer: the Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church painter and the creator of talismanic images (known as a debtera). I argue that the debtera is perceived to be more morally problematic than the church painter because his images are intended to interact in the spiritual realm to treat certain forms of physical and emotional suffering. The kinds of emotions that a talismanic image treats however are "socially reprehensible" (eschewed by official Church doctrine, and as such condemned morally) as are those who interact with these emotions through image production- the debtera. I situate this thesis at the crossroads of the anthropology of religion, imagery and morality. Here, personhood, relationships and the dialogue between materiality and immateriality must be taken into account. This dissertation's intent is to articulate some of the nuances in object-mediated social relations that are made apparent through gossip. I stipulate that, in this culture, certain officially proscribed emotions require objects (such as the talismanic images) to be expressed. As a consequence of this proscription, the image-producer responsible for the creation of that object is subject to moral opprobrium. In a sense, given the full range of human conduct and emotions, the strict limits that the Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church places on what is acceptable in these realms creates a vacuum in which the proscribed conduct and emotions must be expressed in the shadows of the Church. And because of the particular importance this culture places on the image as the instrument that acts in these domains, the debtera and the talisman achieve a centrality that rivals that of the Church-sanctioned image producers
3
Eide, Øyvind M. "Revolution and religion in Ethiopia : a study of Church and politics with special reference to the Ethiopian evangelical Church Mekane Yesus 1974-1985 /." Stavanger : Uppsala : Misjonshøgskolens forlag ; Uppsala universitet, 1996. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb35858349k.
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Gray, Mariah Elizabeth. "YOU HAVE TO GO TO KNOW- PEOPLE ARE THE WAY THEY ARE FOR A REASON." Kent State University Honors College / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ksuhonors1544623398098935.
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Mulatu, Semeon. "The Ark of the Covenant in Ethiopian Christian tradition." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 2000. http://www.tren.com.
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Kinfu, Ashagrea Yohannes. "The quite revolution : an analysis of the change toward below-replacement-level fertility in Addis Ababa." View thesis entry in Australian Digital Theses Program, 2001. http://thesis.anu.edu.au/public/adt-ANU20011218.163822/index.html.
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Grieve, Tigist. "Seeing the social : understanding why children are out of school in rural Ethiopia." Thesis, University of Bath, 2016. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.690734.
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The promotion of education has long been a priority of the successive regimes of Ethiopia. Combined with the momentum of Education for All (EFA) and the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) in recent years Ethiopia’s education sector has experienced a major expansion of primary school enrolment which has earned Ethiopia international acclaim and so much optimism in meeting the MDGs set for 2015. Despite this, however, large numbers of primary school aged children remain out of school, most of these are found in rural areas and many of them are girls. Many of the children that enrol do not stay on to complete the full cycle of their primary schooling. While there are numerous studies looking at rural children’s schooling, village-based ethnographic studies are rare, particularly in Ethiopia. The thesis offers a sociological insight as to why low enrolment and incompletion persist in rural areas. Drawing on an ethnographic approach study over extended period this thesis presents analysis of data from two local communities. Methodologically the analysis are anchored on the voices of the children, their parents and teachers and make a valuable contribution in emphasising not only the importance of bringing local people’s own voices into the debate, but also drawing attention to the ways voice may be utilised and calling for greater sensitivity to the way it is interpreted in scholarly and policy circles. Theoretically, the study shows the value of applying Bourdieu’s approach to social reproduction in analysing the challenges faced by rural children in completing primary school. Time spent with children, their families and their teachers suggests reproduction of educational inequality at all levels (home, school, community). While these are certainly important, this thesis argues that more attention needs to be paid to the social context in which children and their schooling are embedded. It suggests the challenges in schooling rural children are not simply explained either by the quantity of primary schools available, or a lack of value being accorded to education, or deliberate acts of discrimination (e.g. against girls). Rather, it has argued that discriminatory outcomes, or the reproduction of social inequality, have to be understood as the outcome of social practice, where ‘choices’ are made in circumstances of considerable constraint. Furthermore, it has shown that these patterns of social reproduction are as characteristic of teachers and the field of the school as they are of parents and children and the field of home and community. Rather than the school operating as an external change agent, as imagined in much of the education literature, the school is very much part of the local social context. The application of policies and the social practice of staff are significantly marked by their positionality within the communities which they serve.
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Tibebu, Teshale. "The making of modern Ethiopia, 1896-1974 /." Lawrenceville (N.J.) : the Red Sea press, 1995. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37501746p.
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Wako, Adi Liban. "Ideology as commodity : industry of a theocracy and production of famines in Ethiopia /." View thesis, 2003. http://library.uws.edu.au/adt-NUWS/public/adt-NUWS20031007.091020/index.html.
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Thesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Western Sydney, 2003.Thesis submitted as fulfilment of the requirements of the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, University of Western Sydney, Hawkesbury, August, 2003. Bibliography : leaves [281]-310.
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Suter, Paula J. "Ethiopian Coffee Stories: Applied Research with Sidama Coffee Farmers Combining Visual and Ethnographic Methods." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2016. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc955096/.
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The purpose of this study is to demonstrate the value of visual research methods to applied anthropology in the context of exploratory research with farmers in Ethiopia. The three methods of photo-elicitation, participatory photography, and ethnographic film, enrich and expand ethnographic methods to support the client's objective of supporting farmers. The applied project constructs a narrative from the local perspective to help consumers learn more about farmers' lives. The research focuses on specific farmers, and their experiences with direct fair trade and coffee farming. The client sees the application of research produced by ethnographic and visual methods as a good direction not only for his company, but the Fair Trade Industry as a whole.
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Sahlström, Berit. "Political posters in Ethiopia and Mozambique : visual imagery in a revolutionary context /." Uppsala : Almqvist & Wiksell, 1990. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb36682816z.
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Hendrie, Barbara. "'Now the people are like a lord' : local effects of revolutionary reform in a Tigray village, northern Ethiopia." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1999. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1318003/.
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The thesis examines aspects of social change in rural Tigray, northern Ethiopia. It is based on fieldwork conducted between February 1993 and February 1995 in two villages located on the south central highland plateau: Enda Mariyam, and Tegula. The majority of fieldwork was conducted in Enda Mariyam - a village of some 228 farming households - and spanned two complete agricultural years. The thesis considers the local implications of reform measures implemented by nationalist rebels - the Tigray People's Liberation Front - as part of a revolutionary agenda for the transformation of 'traditional' Ethiopian peasant society. These measures included, most notably, land tenure reform, as well as changes in customary law and the re-organisation of rural administration. In addition, campaigns were mounted aimed at modifying certain aspects of peasant practice. In the context of a village-based ethnography, the thesis aims to qualify the most significant effects of these measures on social life and livelihoods. A key concern is how reform measures have affected the relationship between subsistence-oriented production, social organisation, and social stratification. In a setting where agricultural inputs - including land, oxen, and seed - are scarce, differential abilities amongst farming households to access agricultural inputs informs the pattern of social relationships. In this context, land reform is intimately linked to changes in the dynamics of wealth differentiation and social stratification in the village. The implications for the position of 'big men' and cultural notions of status-honour are considered. Together with land reform, reform of customary law in the area of marriage and divorce has wrought subtle but important changes in marriage and divorce practices, and the nature of intra-household relationships. It is argued that public campaigns for the 'emancipation' of women have probably had less effect on the ability of women to exert power within marriage, than the economic penalties that men now face upon divorce. Attempts to modify peasant religious practice are also examined, including efforts to minimise the number of holidays in the Ethiopian Orthodox calendar. The outcome of these attempts is explored in terms of notions of disaster and risk, the traditional authority of the Church, and the fragmentation of consensus around religious practice in the village.
13
Weedman, Kathryn Jane. "An ethnoarchaeological study of stone scrapers among the Gamo people of southern Ethiopia /." Ann Arbor (Mich.) : UMI dissertation services, 2000. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb377157524.
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Deredge, Wolde-Medhin. "Formation et évolutions de la pensée économique en Ethiopie." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb376044651.
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Berhanu, Kassahun. "Returnees, resettlement and power relations : the making of a political constituency in Humera, Ethiopia /." Amsterdam : VU University Press, 2000. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb38868326j.
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Bosc-Tiessé, Claire. "Art, Eglise et royauté en Ethiopie aux XVIIe et XVIIIe siècles : écriture de l'histoire et "fabrique" des images dans les églises du lac Tana." Paris 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA010645.
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Dans ce travail, la production artistique en Éthiopie aux XVIIe et XVIIIe siècles est étudiée sous l'angle des relations entre les souverains et les moines, plus particulièrement dans les églises du lac Tana. L'étude des oeuvres anciennes conservées sur le lac définit tout d'abord l'héritage culturel des moines au XVII siècle. L'analyse des interventions des souverains dans la vie interne des monastères et de la commande artistique conduit à poser quelques jalons pour mieux comprendre la peinture au XVIe siècle et l'évolution fondamentale de l'art au cours du XVIIe siècle. La politique du roi Iyasu I marque ensuite un tournant dans les relations des souverains de Gondar avec les monastères du lac Tana. A travers les travaux et des oeuvres qu'il a patronné se dégagent les traits particuliers de la commande royale et la part assumée par les religieux proches des souverains dans la conception de nouvelles images. L 'histoire des textes amène à définir en parallèle les intérêts en jeu dans la constitution de la mémoire officielle ou monastique et la place que prend l'image dans ce processus. L'analyse des différentes composantes d'une fondation royale au XVIIIe siècle en plein centre du lac Tana montre la position que prend alors la reine Mentewwab vis à vis des monastères du lac, quelles sont sa politique et ses pratiques de manière plus globale pour asseoir son pouvoir. Dans ce contexte, le chantier de construction et de peintures de l'église permet de distinguer les différentes facettes d'une commande royale, les moyens qu'elle met à disposition des peintres, comme la collection des manuscrits royaux enluminés et les recueils de gravures occidentales
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Okwor, Uchechukwu Victoria. "Where are the mothers? Interrogating maternal mortality as a violation of the rights to life and health : a Nigerian and Ethiopian perspective." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/12432.
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The author argues that maternal mortality can easily be avoided and that the right to health and life is as much a developmental issue as it is one of human rights. Focuses on the maternal mortality ratio and relevant laws protecting women’s right to life and health in Nigeria and Ethiopia.A Dissertation submitted to the Faculty of Law University of Pretoria, in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree Masters of Law (LLM in Human Rights and Democratisation in Africa). Prepared under the supervision of Dr. Salah Hammad, Faculty of Law, Addis Ababa University, Addis
Thesis (LLM (Human Rights and Democratisation in Africa))--University of Pretoria, 2009.
http://www.chr.up.ac.za/
Centre for Human Rights
LLM
18
Kassegne, Abeje Berhanu. "Beyond technology packages : towards a farmer-informed paradigm for Ethiopian extension /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2004. http://adt.library.uq.edu.au/public/adt-QU20041020.163429/index.html.
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Tolo, Arne. "Sidama and Ethiopian : the emergence [of] the Mekane Yesus Church in Sidama /." Oslo : Uppsala : Studiebiblioteket for bibel og misjon ; Uppsala universitet, 1998. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb369694964.
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Ogundele, Ayodeji O. (Ayodeji Olusesi). "Balance-of-Power Theory and the Ethiopian-Somali Conflict of 1977- 1978." Thesis, North Texas State University, 1987. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc500318/.
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Balance-of-Power theory was tested by examining the 1977-1978 Ethiopian-Somali conflict and its outcome. The theory, according to Waltz (1979), claims to explain the international outcome arising from realpolitik or power politics, namely, the formation of balances of power. Given the close fit between the major developments leading to the eruption of conflict and the principal propositions of balance-of-power theory, the outcome of the conflict was expected to be consistent with that posited by the theory. This expectation was borne out by the study's finding which indicated that the conflict has produced a similar result. Confirmation of the theory was achieved by further subjecting the finding to the verification test established by Waltz.
21
Ansah, Kofi Boafo Adu, and n/a. "Crisis news and the environmental question in western media reporting on Afrlca, 1982-87 : a case study of the Ethiopian famine." University of Canberra. Communication, Media & Tourism, 1995. http://erl.canberra.edu.au./public/adt-AUC20060602.122503.
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Coverage of the Third World by the media in the developed Western
nations has been a subject of intense debate among scholars since the 1970s.
Some of the outspoken media critics have pointed to certain imbalances in
Western media reporting on some parts of the world, including African
countries. Such imbalances range from inadequate coverage to emphasis on
crisis news events. Other critics argue, however, that Western news
reporting on African countries, for example, is crisis-oriented because that is
the kind of news those countries offer to the media given the recurrence of
various forms of crises there.
The 1984-85 Ethiopian famine was one such crisis that received extensive
coverage in the Western media. Criticisms of this coverage served to fuel a
growing concern among African and other intellectuals, particularly about
one aspect of Western media reporting: the failure of those media to put into
adequate context African events on which they report. Some critics have
pointed out, for example, that although environmental decline is a major
underlying cause of famine in Africa, it does not receive attention in
Western media coverage of this recurring crisis. This is in spite of the
pioneering role of the latter in the promotion of environmental issues in
the West as a major social and political concern.
From a much broader perspective, however, it appears that the case of
imbalanced reporting on Africa in the Western media is not an isolated one.
A number of studies on news reporting suggests that the criticism of
imbalances in Western news reporting may have more to do with the
nature of Western news values than with a wilful attempt on the part of the
Western media to report on particular countries in those terms. Thus
reporting on African countries by the Western media could be one typical
example in which standard Western news practices come into full play.
Against this background, the present study sought to investigate Western
media coverage of Africa as viewed in terms of the application of Western
news values. First, using qualitative analyses of relevant literature, the study
undertook a contextualisation of crisis events in African countries, with
special reference to famines, by identifying environmental degradation as a
crucial factor in the unfolding of such crises. This included explanations for
the apparent neglect of African environmental issues by Western media.
Discussion on the environment was set in a wider context of a global
environmental crisis. The qualitative analyses also examined the issue of
imbalances, such as the focus on crisis and the lack of context, in Western
media coverage of Africa. This was explored within a theoretical framework
that encapsulates aspects of the political economy of the mass media,
political ideological differences, and culture as some of the theoretical
propositions used by some media researchers to explain imbalances in
international news flow. Second, the study used the quantitative research
technique of content analysis to carry out a longitudinal investigation of
reporting on African countries in general during 1982-87 as well as a case
study of the 1984-85 Ethiopian famine by three Western dailies: The Times of
London, the New York Times, and the Sydney Morning Herald. An IAMCR
(International Association for Mass Communication Research) coding
scheme was adopted for this purpose.
With regard to the qualitative analyses, the study found that even though
environmental decline is a major underlying cause of many of Africa's
ongoing and recurring crises such as famines, it may not receive attention in
Western media reporting on those crises. This appears to be because the
nature of Africa's environmental problems does not meet Western news
value criteria. As regards the content analyses, the study found, in both the
longitudinal and case studies, a dearth of reporting in all three dailies on
African environmental issues and an orientation towards reporting events
as discrete events, with little or no attention to underlying or contextual
information. Crisis and non-crisis events in Africa were found to be,
however, equally reported in most of the sample years studied in two of the
three dailies. The focus of reporting on the Ethiopian famine was found to
be on Western relief activities and on the bizarre or sensational side of the
disaster - aspects of reporting that fit into standard Western news practices.
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Kaüfeler, Heinz. "Modernization, legitimacy and social movement : a study of socio-cultural dynamics and revolution in Iran and Ethiopia /." Zürich : Ethnologisches Seminar des Universität Zürich, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb35416986f.
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Ege, Svein. "Class, State, and power in Africa : a case study of the Kingdom of Shäwa (Ethiopia) about 1840 /." Wiesbaden : Harrassowitz, 1996. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb35851003r.
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Kinfu, Ashagrea Yohannes, and yohannes@coombs anu edu au. "The Quite Revolution: An analysis of the change toward below-replacement-level fertility in Addis Ababa." The Australian National University. Research School of Social Sciences, 2001. http://thesis.anu.edu.au./public/adt-ANU20011218.163822.
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Rural-urban differentials in fertility behaviour are neither new nor surprising, but
a difference of over four children per woman as observed between rural Ethiopia
and the country's national capital, Addis Ababa, in 1990 is rare, possibly unique.
Reported fertility in Addis Ababa in 1990 was about 2.6 children per woman. By
the mid-1990s, it declined further to 1.8 children per woman. This study
investigates the dimensions, components and causes of this remarkable
reproductive change.
¶
The study specifically asks and seeks to answer the following questions. Is the
decline real, or is it merely an illusion created by faulty reporting? If it is real, how
has it come about? Did it result from a change in the onset of reproduction or a
decline in the proportion of women reaching high parities or both? And in what
context has such a fundamental, even revolutionary, change taken place in a
country and a continent that are mostly yet to join the global transition to a small
family-size norm.
¶
Data for the study were drawn from two national population censuses,
undertaken in 1984 and 1994, two fertility surveys, conducted in 1990 and 1995,
and a number of supplementary sources, including a qualitative study conducted
by the investigator. Results from the study confirm that the trend of declining
fertility and the recent fall to below-replacement-level are indeed real. As the
analysis shows the decline was largely driven by changes in the marriage pattern,
and supplemented by the increased propensity of fertility control observed across
all birth orders and age groups. All socio-economic groups in the city have had a
decline in cohort fertility and this was brought about both by shifts in population
composition (a composition effect) and increased intensity of fertility control
within each group (a rate effect). The institutional and cultural factors that are
believed to have prompted these changes are discussed in the thesis in some
detail.
25
Stylianoudi, Maria-Georgia. "Droit et société en Ethiopie médiévale ser'ata mangest analyse sémiotique d'un texte juridique éthiopien." Lille 3 : ANRT, 1985. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb375943941.
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Godet, Éric. "Le monnayage de l'Ethiopie ancienne : fin du IIIe - milieu du VIIe siècle après Jésus-Christ : catalogue, étude typologique et historique /." [S.l. : s.n], 2003. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb41010436x.
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Berhanu, Girma. "Learning-in-context : an ethnographic investigation of mediated learning experiences among Ethiopian Jews in Israel /." Göteborg : Acta universitatis gothoburgensis, 2001. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb38830524v.
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Miles, John Russiano. "Retroversion and text criticism : the predictability of syntax in the ancient translation from Greek to Ethiopic /." Chico,Calif. : Scholars press, 1985. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb349311238.
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Tegenu, Tsegaye. "The evolution of Ethiopian absolutism : the genesis and the making of the fiscal military state, 1696-1913 /." Uppsala : Uppsala university, 1996. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb36160025z.
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Chekroun, Amélie. "Le" Futuh al-Habasa" : écriture de l'histoire, guerre et société dans le Bar Sa'ad ad-din (Ethiopie, XVIe siècle)." Thesis, Paris 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA010699/document.
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Le "Futuh al-Habasa", récit en arabe de différentes guerres menées par l'imam Ahmad depuis le sultanat du "Bar Sa'ad ad-din" contre le royaume chrétien d'Ethiopie entre les années 1520 et 1535/1537, relate notamment comment l'essentiel des territoires chrétiens est passé provisoirement sous domination musulmane au cours de la « conquête de l'Abyssinie » (1531-1543). En analysant cette source endogène unique en son genre, cette thèse vise à proposer un changement de perspective dans la manière dont est abordée l'histoire de l'Ethiopie, an accordant sa pleine place à l'islam éthiopien, au carrefour entre les études éthiopiennes et celles sur l'islam médiéval.L'analyse littéraire du "Futuh al-Habasa" révèle que son auteur, Arab Faqih, rédigea cet ouvrage après l'échec de la « conquête de l'Abyssinie », probablement en vue de convaincre les élites du "Bar Sa'ad ad-din" de repartir à la conquête du royaume chrétien. En faisant appel à la littérature des premiers siècles de l'islam mais aussi à des références plus contemporaines, Arab Faqih réalise ainsi une apologie du "gihad" en présentant l'imam Ahmad comme le modèle du parfait "mugahid".D'autre part l'étude de l'histoire du "Bar Sa'ad ad-din" (1415-1583), des rapports de pouvoir au sein du sultanat et des relations que ce dernier entretenait avec le royaume chrétien voisin, révèle les facteurs internes à cette société qui ont conduit l'imam Ahmad à entreprendre une telle guerre. Le Futuh al-Habasa montre enfin que cette conquête vit l'émergence de nouvelles pratiques de guerre et de nouvelles manières de la penser, et détaille le projet d'une « grande Ethiopie musulmane » qui ne survécut pas à la mort de l'imam en 1543The Futuh al-Habasa is an Arabic language account of a number of wars initiated by the imam Ahmad from the Bar Sa'ad ad-din sultanate against the Christian kingdom of Ethiopia between the years 1520 and 1535/1537 ; of particular interest is its narrative of the temporary Muslim domination of the majority of the Christian territories during the conquest of Abyssinia (1531-1543). Through analysis of this unique endogenous source this PhD aims to propose a new way to approach th history of Ethiopia by considering the Ethiopian Islam as a full-fledged topic, at the crossroads between the studies on Ethiopia and those on Medieval Islam.The literary analysis of the Futuh al-Habasa reveals that its author, Arab Faqih, wrote this account after the failure of the « conquest of Abyssinia », probably with a view to convince the elites of the Bar Sa'ad ad-din to march on the Christian kingdom once again. Drawing on literature from the first centuries of Islam as well as on more contemporary references, Arab Faqih thus writes an apology of gihad, presenting the imam Ahmad as being an example of the perfect mugahid.On the other hand, studying the history of the Bar Sa'ad ad-din (1415-1583), the power relationships inside the sultanate and its links with the neighbouring Christian kingdom, reveals the factors internal to this society that pushed the imam Ahmad to undertake such a war. The Futuh al-Habasa shows finally that during this conquest, new practices of war and new ways of conceiving it emerged. It also details the project of a « great Muslim Ethiopia » that didn't survive the death of the imam in 1543
31
Passanisi, Lucia A. "The International Musical Philanthropy Genre: A Cadence for Global Community, a Chorus for Change, and a Refrain for African Aid." Thesis, Boston College, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/2202.
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Thesis advisor: Bonnie JeffersonIn 1984, a group of famous British musicians came together to form the megagroup called Band Aid and released the holiday song “Do They Know It‟s Christmas?” to increase public awareness of the Ethiopian famine. A few months later, American musicians under the name United Support of Artists for Africa (U.S.A. for Africa) released the song “We Are the World” to raise money for these famine victims. Both songs were immensely popular and together created a new rhetorical form, the international musical philanthropy genre. Over twenty-five years after the release of these two songs, Sudanese recording artist Emmanuel Jal released his own song “We Want Peace” to raise public awareness for the Southern Sudanese vote for independence. This study examines the creation of the international musical philanthropy genre by analyzing and comparing the songs “Do They Know It‟s Christmas?” and “We Are the World”. This analysis also discusses the implications of the international musical philanthropy genre. After examining the effects of this new genre, this analysis then examines how the new song “We Want Peace” challenges and expands the international musical philanthropy genre
Thesis (BA) — Boston College, 2011
Submitted to: Boston College. College of Arts and Sciences
Discipline: Communication Honors Program
Discipline: Communication
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Derseh, Mekdes Alemayehu. "Implementation of Anti-Retroviral Therapy (ART) pharmacy management information system in health facilities in Ethiopia." Diss., 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/13760.
Full textAbstract:
Health Management Information System (HMIS) in developing countries lags seriously behind as compared to the developed countries; and the existing HMIS in many countries is insufficient to support health management functions. The purpose of this study was to describe the implementation of Anti-retroviral Therapy (ART) pharmacy management information system in public health facilities.
Quantitative, descriptive research was conducted at 38 public health facilities. The participants of the study were Pharmacists and Druggists those are working at ART Pharmacy. Data collection was done by using structure questionnaire. 76 respondents were recruited to participate in the study.
The participants ages ranged from 26-50 years and all had more than 2 years’ work experience.
The study indicated that even if there is a system at most health facilities their utilization of information technology (IT) for pharmacy practice were not appreciated. The findings indicated that the need for creating awareness among professionals in giving more skill oriented and also a formal in-service information technology related trainings for the professionals. To achieve better utilization of information technology at health care delivery system particularly pharmacy practice, government and stakeholder should consider capacity building activities through proper training and it should also viewed as a long term socio-cultural and technical development process.Health Studies
M.A. (Public Health with specialization in Medical Informatics)
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Negash, Tefera Girma. "Personal factors influencing patients' anti-retroviral treatment adherence in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia." Diss., 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/5090.
Full textAbstract:
This study attempted to identify personal (patient-related) factors influencing anti-retroviral therapy (ART) adherence in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. A quantitative, descriptive, cross-sectional and analytical design was used. Structured interviews were conducted with 355 ART patients.
The findings revealed that stigma, discrimination, depression and alcohol use negatively affected patients’ ART adherence levels. However, patients’ knowledge levels had no influence on their ART adherence levels, contrary to other researchers’ reports.
Addressing stigma and discrimination at community levels might enhance patients’ abilities to take their medications in the presence of others. Healthcare professionals should be enabled to diagnose and treat depression among ART patients during the early stages. Non-adherent ART patients should be counseled about possible alcohol abuse.Health Studies
M.A. (Public Health with specialisation in Medical Informatics)
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Robi, Zinash Dewo. "Pre-antiretroviral services in rural Ethiopia: patient retention, factors associated with loss to follow up, and reasons for discontinuation." Diss., 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/10534.
Full textAbstract:
This study was conducted to determine retention rate and factors associated with loss to follow-up (LTFU) of adult pre-ART patients in St. Luke hospital, Ethiopia. Cross-sectional study with quantitative and qualitative data collection techniques was used. Review of patient records, focus group discussions and review of program guidelines was conducted to determine level of adherence among pre-ART patients. In addition, pre-ART service quality and perceived reasons for discontinuation was explored. The study revealed that only 38.2% of the 335 patients enrolled in the pre-ART care were retained after 12 months of follow-up in the program. More than half (55.6%), of the LTFU occurred during the first 6 months of follow-up. Fear of discrimination, high transportation cost and mistrust in the pre-ART service were perceived reasons for LTFU. Absences of clear pre-ART service package and implementation guideline were also identified as important factors that may be related to LTFU. The findings call for improved quality of care and a better pre-ART service packaging that will address the gaps identified in order to increase patient retention.Health Studies
MA (Public Health)
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Megersa, Obsa Amente. "Risk factors associated with TB co-infection in HIV/AIDS patients taking antiretroviral therapy (ART) in one of the public health facilities in Ethiopia." Diss., 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/13105.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose: The purpose of this study is to assess risk factors associated with TB co-infection in HIV/AIDS patients taking antiretroviral therapy (ART). Methodology: An observational, analytic, case-control and quantitative study was conducted on a randomly selected 367 HIV and AIDS patients of whom 92 of them were TB co-infected. Data collection was done by using self-structured questionnaire. Result: In this study, educational status, waste disposal system, monthly income, contact history with a patient of active tuberculosis or presence of a family member with active tuberculosis, drug adherence, knowledge on tuberculosis prevention and history of exposure to substance were factors independently associated with the occurrence of active tuberculosis among HIV and Aids patients taking ART. Conclusion: The findings highlight the need for on-going educational, informational and other interventions to address the risk factors of tuberculosis in HIV and Aids patients in order to decrease the rate of TB co-infectionHealth Studies
M.A. Public Health
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Tessema, Lulit Tamene. "Exploring Anti-retroviral theraphy (ART) adherence in the context of trait emotional intelligence." Diss., 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/11894.
Full textAbstract:
M.A. (Public Health)Anti-Retroviral Therapy (ART) adherence is a crucial component of the patient management framework for people living with Human Immune Deficiency Virus (HIV). Trait emotional intelligence is “the constellation of behavioural-dispositions and self-perceived abilities to recognise, process, and utilise emotion-laden information”. The purpose of the study was to determine whether there was a correlation between ART adherence behaviour and behavioural-dispositions related to trait emotional intelligence among HIV/AIDS infected people receiving ART at the regional public hospitals in Addis Ababa. The study used observational, analytical, and cross-sectional research design. The participants were selected through a proportionally stratified systematic random sampling method. Data collection was through a structured self-report questionnaire format. The findings showed that 79.1% had optimal ART adherence behaviour; 84.4% had average trait emotional intelligence. The research finding showed a statistically significant positive correlation between ART adherence behaviour and behavioural-dispositions related to trait emotional intelligence at (r =0.417, n=392, P<0.001).
Health Studies
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Zeleke, Amsalu Belew. "Evaluation of the impact of the information-motivation-behavioural skills model of adherence to antiretroviral therapy in Ethiopia." Thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/19649.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of the study was to evaluate the IMB skills model for its relevance to the
Ethiopian context. According to the model, adherence-related information and
motivation work through adherence-related behavioural skills to affect adherence to
ART. Quantitative, analytical, observational, cross-sectional, institution-based study was
conducted to evaluate the model by assessing those patients who have and do not
have the right information, motivation, and behavioural skills whether they have or do
not have good adherence to ART. Data was collected using structured questionnaires
where a total of 400 randomly selected participants provided data on adherence-related
information, motivation and behavioral skills as well as adherence behavior per se. Data
was analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20.0.
Both descriptive and inferential statistics used in the study. Only 90.75 % of the total
sample population reported ART adherence rate of more than or equal to 95% in this
study. Free and restricted model tests, through bivariate and multivariate analyses,
used to assess the propositions of the IMB model of ART adherence and provided
support for the interrelations between the elements proposed by the model. The study
has supported the applicability of the IMB model of adherence to the Ethiopian context
highlighting its application in adherence-promotion intervention efforts. The findings
revealed the need for on-going educational, informational and other interventions to
address the knowledge, motivation and adherence behavioural skills of patients in order
to improve the current levels of ART adherence behaviour.Health Studies
D. Litt. et. Phil. (Health Studies)
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Gurmu, Deme Ergete. "Predictors of mortality among human immunodeficiency virus infected patients' records in Gondar University Hospital -- Ethiopia." Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/6064.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose of the study - Identify predictors of mortality and develop a related care plan
for patients who are on antiretroviral therapy (ART) in Gondar, Ethiopia.
Design - A quantitative, retrospective cohort study was conducted analysing medical
records of HIV patients who presented to Gondar University Hospital (GUH), Gondar,
and started ART between 1 January 2007 and 30 June 2010.
Results - In defining the predictors of mortality, the findings in bivariate analysis revealed:
female sex, CD4 cell count ≤ 50/μl, CD4 cell count 51-199/μl, a haemoglobin
concentration ≤8g/dl, a history of oral candidiasis, tuberculosis and Cryptococcus meningitis
were all statistically significant. A female sex, CD4 cell count ≤ 50/μl and CD4 cell
count 51-199/μl maintain their significance level in the multivariate analysis.
Conclusions - The study therefore recommends that clinicians and case managers be
vigilant of these predictors of mortality while managing HIV patients who are on ART.
Key Concepts- ART, AIDS, HIV, predictors of mortalityHealth Studies
(M.A. (Public Health))
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Gebre-Mariam, Mikael. "Exploring challenges in patient monitoring and clinical information management of antiretroviral therapy (ART) and the perceived usefulness of electronic medical records (EMRs) in HIV care in Ethiopia." Thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1828/2616.
Full textAbstract:
The implementation of electronic medical record (EMR) systems is a complex process that is receiving more focus in developing countries to support understaffed and overcrowded health facilities deal with the HIV/AIDS epidemic. This thesis research uses exploratory-grounded theory to study clinician perceived benefits of EMRs in antiretroviral therapy (ART) clinics at four hospitals in Ethiopia. The study is designed to understand the process, technology, social and organizational challenges associated with EMR implementation in resource-limited areas. The research found the attitude of ART clinicians towards the implementation of EMR systems to be overwhelmingly positive. The data showed that perceived benefits of EMRs are improved continuity of care, timely access to complete medical record, patient care efficiency, reduced medication errors, improved patient confidentiality, improved communication among clinicians, integration of various HIV programs, timely decision support and overall job motivation. Conversely, drawbacks to EMR implementation include productivity loss and negative impact on the interaction and relationship between clinicians and their patients. The study proposes a conceptual framework classifying key components for successful EMR implementation in Ethiopia.
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Negash, Tefera Girma. "Review of prevention of mother to child transmission of HIV in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/14409.
Full textAbstract:
This study aimed to identify factors affecting women’s utilisation of the prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) of HIV, evaluate the quality of PMTCT services, describe health outcomes of mothers and infants and to identify factors that influence mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HIV. Structured interviews were conducted with 384 women who had utilised PMTCT services. Information was also obtained from the health records of these women and of their infants.
Better educated women, who had male partners and were self-employed were more likely to use PMTCT services. Being unmarried, poor and feeling stigmatised made it difficult for women to use these services.
Respondents were satisfied with PMTCT services except that clinics sometimes had no medications. The health care workers followed the Ethiopian guidelines during HIV testing and counseling but not when prescribing treatment.
Although the respondents’ CD4 cell counts improved, their clinical conditions did not improve.
The MTCT rate was significantly higher if infants did not receive ARVs, had APGAR scores below seven, weighed less than 2.5kg at birth, were born prematurely, and if their mothers had nipple fissures.
PMTCT services could be improved if more women used these services, health care workers followed the national guidelines when prescribing ARVs, clinics had adequate supplies of medicines, all infants received ARVs, and mothers’ nipple fissures could be prevented. Antenatal care should help to avoid premature births of infants weighing less than 2.5kg and having APGAR scores below 7.
Future research should compare formula feeding versus breastfeeding of infants with HIV-positive mothersHealth Studies
D. Litt. et Phil. (Health Studies)
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Dires, Demeke Tassew. "Narrative strategies in selected Amharic novels from 2000 until 2010." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/18483.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of this research entitled Narrative Strategies in Selected Amharic Novels from 2000 until 2010 was to shed light on the relationship among form, meaning (content) and social milieuin establishing the textual and contextual features of fictional narratives. It mainly contends that it is possible to unravel the textual and contextual qualities of fictional narratives by studying form as a narrative strategy. In this research, form, when understood as a narrative strategy, is not only considered as a textual construct which motivates textual meaning but also regarded as a product of the social milieu from which the text emerges. Having this conception, form as a narrative strategy is investigated in selected Amharic novels published from 2000 until 2010 in view of expounding the artistic and thematic features of contemporary Amharic novels, endeavouring to fill the knowledge gap in Amharic literary scholarship about their literary features. The present research applies narratological approaches that range from classical to post-classical
narratology. However, it dominantly uses post-classical conceptions of narratology as guidelines for its discussion. The dissertation comprises six chapters. The first one is an introductory chapter in which the research problems, goals and assumptions are explicated. Chapter two deals with the theoretical framework where the theoretical insight the research utilizes as a guideline is outlined and methodological issues are specified. The following three chapters focus on the analysis. In the third chapter, story is investigated as a narrative strategy in Yeburqa Zemeta (Burka’s Silence) (2000); in the fourth one, focalization is treated as a narrative strategy in Gerač.a Qač.eloč (Grey
Bells) (2005), and in the fifth chapter, characterization is studied as a narrative strategy in
Dèrtogada (Dertogada) (2010). The dissertation concludes with a chapter in which independent findings in the three analysis chapters are summed up and generalizations on the textual and contextual features of the present day Amharic novels are made.Afrikaans & Theory of Literature
D. Litt. et Phil. (Theory of Literature)