Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Art pariétal'
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Gutierrez, Manuel. "L'art pariétal de l'Angola." Paris 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA010528.
Full textDubourg, Christine. "Les expressions du naturalisme dans les arts graphiques du Paléolithique supérieur : une vision du monde des chasseurs préhistoriques." Bordeaux 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997BOR10635.
Full textVourc'h, Marie. "L'art rupestre préhistorique du nord de la Scandinavie." Toulouse 2, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008TOU20027.
Full textThrough a mainly iconographic study based on bibliographic and field data, this thesis proposes to analyze the phenomena of diffusions and/or interactions between pre- and protohistoric groups in northern Scandinavia (Trøndelag, Nordland, Troms and Finnmark for Norway, central and northern Norrland in Sweden). This study also takes place in a diachronic dynamic in order to consider ways of cultural transfers and transmissions from Mesolithic to Iron Age. The first part of this thesis outlines environmental and archaeological contexts, the second part describes the sites considered throughout this work. The third part deals with rock carvings and paintings, studied by themes, including establishment of typologies supported by boats and anthropomorphic figures statistical analysis. These graphic expressions were considered in a global perspective, taking into account their spatial organization, relationship to the rock surface and other archaeological remains of material culture, which enabled me to identify and specify preferred ways of iconographic spreading and cultural exchanges in ancient northern Europe. In a last part, technological analysis, along experimental work, are used to define pre and proto-historical carving processes used in some areas at the Hjemmeluft site (Alta, Norway)
Kechagia, Hermione. "Sémiotique visuelle et art rupestre : application sur un corpus de Namibie." Toulouse 2, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995TOU20074.
Full textThe present work is an application of semiotic method to a rock art corpus. Relative works in rock art studies are presented and methodological considerations about visual semiotics as well. The work hypothesis consists of spatio-temporal structure of rock art. A model of corpus segmentation is elaborated in accordance with principles of the gestalt theory. Based on a ternary definition of the iconic sign, a study of the gestalt consituents is attempted. Furthermore, the units of segmentation, such as supragestalts, gestalts and constituents, are studied from a kinetic and syntactical point of view. An actantial model is established introducing concepts such as narrative program, function, actant and actor. The results of the work are reconstructed in order to outline an interpretation attempt for further discussions
Lee, Sang-Mog. "Les gravures rupestres du site de Bangu-dae dans la partie méridionale de la péninsule coréenne." Paris, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003MNHN0025.
Full textIn the Korean peninsula there is now 14 know rock art sites: they only have engravings obtained by pecking or scraping. Most of the sites have been noted over the last thirty years; before, only one site was knows, mentioned in old texts from the XVIth century. There types of sites can be distinguished from their material context and the environment surrounding them : vertical walls on the edge of a river, open air rocks, the slabs of dolmens or menhirs. The site of Bangu-dae is on the left bank of the Taewa, which runs east and joins the Sea of East. The site is like a cliff measuring around 3 m high and 10 m wide. Most of the engraved faced, of smooth reddish sandstone, are oriented toward the north. 231 representations, of which 170 figures are identifiable and 61 motifs unidentifiable, are observable. Representations of cetaceans are the most frequent, being 19, 9 % of the figures. There are also 25 artiodactyls, 23 carnivores, 6 tortoises, 3 birds, 2 pinnipeds, 2 fish, etc. From the abundant representations of marine animals, the site seems to be in close relation with hunter-fishers, attributed to the Neolithic era (between 6000 B. C. And 1000 B. C. )
Loumpet-Galitzine, Alexandra. "Essai méthodologique pour une approche diachronique et comparée de la forme, du sens et de la fonction des représentations rupestres schématiques d'Afrique équatoriale." Paris 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA010673.
Full textEquatorial african rock art have for a long time been expressed through sketches influenced by western perception of forms. Including the mastery of technique and esthetics, theconcept of art is therefore the basis of a knowledge and a method used in prehistory. Cultural evolutionism moreover, helps to correlate the concept of art and the notion of progress. As such, the paintings and engravings of equatorial africa have been influenced by ideological approaches of themajor paradigm of "prehistoric art", in relation to the perfection criteria conveyed through art on the one hand, and through the presumed situation of those who produce them within the scale of the stages of cultural evolution, on the other hand. Current critical reviews tend to relativize an approach that is largely permanent. It seems hoewever possible, through an an explicit interdisciplinarity, to propose a different methodological based on graphic communication systems. The analysis scheme adopted include semiotic, anthropology as well as the history of art. Its main objective is to modify the values given to rock art and to try to organize available data into a hierarchical structure. A methodological essay on the structural relationship beetwen meaning, form and function is hence suggested for the rock art of equatorial africa
Breuil-Martinez, Véronique. "Art rupestre en zone maya : l'archéologie des grottes de la zone PUUC." Paris 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA010683.
Full textThis thesis aims the study of the archeology of the caves in the PUUC zone (Yucatan, Mexico) and is based on the analysis of the material collected on surface and in the excavations during 1986 and 1990. It includes 3 main parts divided in nine chapters. The introductive first part contains a geographical and archeological presentation of the area and the previous works concerning caves. The second part is dedicated to the presentation and the analysis of the archeological material (ceramics, artefacts, rocks art, etc). The third part contains the inventory and hypothesis on the various functions of the caves, and especially on the seldom study of its running usages until now in the maya area
Bonnet, Balazut Amélie. "Origine de l’art, art des origines." Aix-Marseille 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009AIX20105.
Full textRachad, Madiha. "L'art rupestre et son contexte préhistorique au Yémen dans la région de Saada." Paris 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA010611.
Full textNew prehistoric discoveries in the Yemen and the context of rock art at jabal makhroug and wadi robia in the saada area are the object of a doctoral thesis by ms madiha rachad. This first study of the rock art of northern Yemen is very important for stting up the chronology of the roc-art and also for the whole prehistory of Yemen. Since 1989 we have undertaken a study on all the sites around saada, en larged by a wide prospection. Connected with the survey and the recording of the rock art it was necessary to start classic research upon its archaeological context. Scouring brought to light oven-like structures containing lithic tool material associated with faunal remains belongin to buffalo and aurochs. These fire-places have been dated by c (charcoals) at 6250+90 bp. The oldest engravings show mainly a large bovinae looking like buffalo or aurochs; the presence in the archaeological level of their fossil bones close to such depiction seems to confirm their antiquity. This strengthens then presumption that the buffalo painters were the buffalo hunters themselves. This hypothesis is very important for setting up the chronology of the rock-art and also for the whole prehistory of Yemen. This research even is only in its early stages, has already produced results significant enough to allow the prospect of future fruitful campaign of study
Kaache, Bouchra. "Archeologie de l'art rupestre : indications chronologiques, environnementales et culturelles de la faune iconographique : application aux zoomorphes de Tazzarine et Msissi (Sud marocain)." Aix-Marseille 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999AIX10102.
Full textBerrouet, Florian. "Les altérations d'origine biologique dans l'art pariétal : exemple des relations structurales et conceptuelles entre le mondmilch et les représentations paléolithiques : cas particulier de la grotte de Lascaux et enjeux conservatoires." Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009BOR13969/document.
Full textThe study of Paleolithic parietal art took a new turn during the last decades, since the scientific community has been confronted with the development of algae, bacteria and fungi that jeopardize some representations among the most famous around the world. The episodes that have been taking place in Lascaux cave (Montignac-sur-Vézère, Dordogne), since its discovery in 1940 and its closure to the public in 1963, made people conscious of the extreme fragility of cave environment, whose equilibrium can be broken by simple variations of environmental and climatic conditions. Biological forms certainly still fascinate people; their implicit links with art is evident since the Prehistoric times and can be found in contemporary art or architecture nowadays. A better understanding of the microorganisms influence (they are the cause of alteration processes) on the state of the paintings, drawings or engravings, or on their evolution in time, makes us understand that it is necessary to consider a painted cave as an ecosystem whose interface between the wall and the atmosphere has to be examined from the points of view of physics, chemistry and microbiology. Among the forms of biological alterations described in the caves, moonmilk is highly common, but the role of bacteria in the setting up and the structural organization of this kind of wall concretion is still little-known. In a diachronic perspective, moonmilk deserves to be put in relation with prehistoric art: at the same time support and potential factor of alteration of the representations, its implications go beyond the esthetical aspect. The dating of parietal art, its role in this art conception by people from the Paleolithic or its function as indicator of a cave health are some of the aspects studied in this work, whose guidelines are the integration and the prevention of the risk of seeing some masterpieces of world heritage disappear little by little
Franchomme, Jean-Marie. "L'art rupestre de Patagonie : quelques sites préhistoriques du plateau central, province de Santa Cruz, Argentine." Paris 10, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA100197.
Full textThe author presents cave art of Patagonia in its geological, climatological and archeological frame works. After having presented the environment and the men, a short reminder of the latest facts of archeology allows us to understand the importance of cave art thanks to a systematic study of Patagonia through time and space. The province of Santa Cruz, Argentina, is presented through ten sites specifically studied and commented upon. Departing from a not yet defined geography, the study founds upon several dozens of square kilometers. A large prospection and the study of several sites in particular, allow talking of a homogeneous topography. In the very inside of a site, painted caves have been situated in relation to those who remain intact. In a same cave, walls reminding barren and those presenting various representations - even superpositions" have been mentioned. A "micro-topography" of each decorated cave let suppose that each cave with rock drawings has its own characteristics that must be replaced in a global context. Programmed excavations will allow determining «colored» areas and obtaining nodules of colorings situated in their micro-stratigraphy. A paddle of red land in the horizontal decapement and a nodule must be carefully treated: the first one by observation "in situ", the other through the microscope. Considering the 19th and the 20th centuries, the ethnological literature
Soares, Meneses Lage Maria Conceiçâo. "Etude archéométrique de l'art rupestre du sud-est du Piauí - Brésil." Paris 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA010611.
Full textThis thesis applies a new methodology to study of rock art from the southeast of the state of piaui, brazil. It has a dual objective: the first is to establish a general table of the physico-chemical and or mineralogical composition of the pigments used in the region's rock art, and the second is to discuss the major problems of conservation. The thesis is organized in three parts: the first deals with archaeometry and the second establishes a general panorama of the region under study: geographic location, geomorpholoy and geology, arqueology, zoology and botany. The third part presents the results of microscopic examinations and the physico-chemical analyses of the pigments. It also provides information for the breakdown of the figures into meaningful units, the techniques of pigments preparation, the execution of the paintings, the definition of styles and the correlation between the classificatory units. The thesis also undertakes an analysis of the colored substances found throughout the archaeological exacavations as well as those collected in the natural geological material found near the sites. These studies have been done to observe the relationships between pock painting and the archaeological excavations and to locate possible sources of the raw material
Azéma, Marc. "La représentation du mouvement dans l'art pariétal paléolithique de la France : approche éthologique du bestiaire." Aix-Marseille 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003AIX10012.
Full textPessis, Anne-Marie. "Art rupestre préhistorique : premiers registres de la mise en scène." Paris 10, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA100206.
Full textAt the southeast of Piaui state exist the most important concentration of rock art sites of Brazil. Among the variety of rock registers existing in this area, one of the most interesting is the Nordeste tradition. Its main characteristic is the presence or figures representing facts of ceremonial and day-to-day life of the most ancient American men. These graphic registers had been dated by vestiges founded on several and differents archeological levels. A French-Brazilian staff works over this corpus and has developed a procedure for study this visual registers based on the identification of graphic presentation systems which characterize diverse peoples who lived and accomplished this graphic practice. This work deals with a methodological approach for rock art study which aim is to bring out the specific graphic presentation components of each systems. By components we designate thematic identification figures and presentation variables. Among the variables we can mention the time and space graphic representations, the distances establishment, depth representations, treatment of postures, gestures and culturels attributes and hierarchy granted to these components. The macroanalyse of de site Boqueirao do Sitio da Pedra Furada illustrates this proposal. Founded on the study of several sites representatives of stylistic classes the whole Nordeste tradition is studied. The conclusion presents some hypotheses for the microanalyse of 260 sites uncovered in this area
Robin, Guillaume. "L' art pariétal des tombes à couloir néolithiques autour de la Mer d'Irlande : iconographie et organisation spatiale." Nantes, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008NANT3022.
Full textThe parietal art of the Neolithic passage tombs distributed around the Irish Sea is composed exclusively of geometrical signs generally considered as abstract and not structured designs. A spatial analysis reveals on the contrary a real organisation of the signs. This analysis, carried out on more than 630 carved stones, shows that a great number of recurrences occur in the association of the signs, their layout on the stones and their location in the complex architecture of the tombs. It is thus possible to define a « syntax » ruling the arrangement of the signs on various scales of the space. In addition, this syntax allows to find the original position of reused carved stones whose carvings, in a secondary position, are « disorganised ». Lastly, a study of the organisation of the architectural elements and grave deposits shows that they form, together with parietal art, a single symbolical model of spatial representation
Igarashi, Jannu. "Relations entre les représentations figuratives et les signes dans l'art pariétal magdalénien franco-cantabrique." Paris, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003MNHN0005.
Full textIn this work, the 3986 signs are counted in 28 Magdalenian caves of 6 Franco-Cantabric regions (Dordogne, Lot, Ardeche, central Pyrenees, Basque, Santander). The relations between the figurative representations and the signs are analysed by four parameters. The chronological analysis shows whether the signs were made before or after figurate representations. The thematic analysis let know whether any themes are associated with specific signs. Their chronological or thematic relations depend on the place in cave (external analyse). The most numerous figurative representations are often associated with signs. Generally, many signs are located on the flank of the animal figures (internal analyse). So, our analysis methods make the relations between the figurative representations and the signs characterized according to the types of signs, the animal or human species, the caves or the regions
Chanteraud, Claire. "Matières colorantes et grottes ornées des gorges de l'Ardèche. Méthodes d'analyse des ressources et liens culturels au Paléolithique supérieur. : application à la grotte aux Points (Aiguèze, Gard, France)." Thesis, Chambéry, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020CHAMA017.
Full textOver the past two decades, there has been a growing desire to include the study of rock art sites in an integrated approach based on the crossing of contributions from different disciplines, both in their concepts and their data acquisition and processing methodologies, around archaeological and palaeoanthropological issues (Lebon et al., 2014; Castets, 2017; David et al., 2017; Delannoy et al., 2020).It is in this philosophy that this thesis was carried out. Its objective is to inscribe the Points cave (grotte aux Points) in its past territorial envelope based on studies of colouring and pictorial matters (Monney, 2018). This intellectual approach is based on the connection between the pictorial matters making up the graphic entities (powder), colouring matters (cohesive blocks) found in the sediments containing the remains of the Upper Paleolithic and ferruginous matters available in the local and regional environment.This work on colouring matter is based on a multiscalar methodology in situ and in the laboratory in order to describe the colouring remains and pictorial matter from a morphological, mineralogical and geochemical perspective and to extract the relevant information to recreate the operating chain from the extraction areas to their presence (on the ground, in the walls, etc.) on the study site. The integrated approach constitutes the construction vector of the different spaces, stages and elements of the “chaîne opératoire”.The contribution of this thesis is twofold. From a methodological standpoint, it offers a new look at in situ analysis techniques in rock art caves and presents specifications adapted to the archaeological questions on ferruginous matters. It has also enabled the development of new tools for the observation of walls and alteration phases. Finally, it makes it possible to highlight the physical and technical obstacles to the analysis of materials that are rich in iron, thus questioning the reproducibility of the analyses on the various "colouring" and "coloured" archaeological objects, including painted walls.With regard to past human production, despite other locks induced by the hydro-geomorphological dynamics of the karstic cavities (syn- and post-frequentation), links between pictorial materials and blocks of colouring matter in stratigraphy sequence could be established, providing a solid chronological, technical and cultural context for the rock art of the Points cave.The geological nature of the cohesive blocks of the Point Cave has been identified and related to with that of the colouring matters present in the site of the "abri des Pêcheurs" located 40 km north (Ardèche, France). The similar lithology between these two Upper Palaeolithic sites leaves assume a regionally specific exploitation of a type of raw material while the geological environment presents a wide variety of available resources (Chanteraud et al., 2019)
Boizumault, Manuel. "Patine du désert : Re-création de la patine des grès sahariens, porteurs d'oeuvres gravées ou peintes témoins depuis dix millénaires, de l'adaptation de sociétés anciennes à des crises climatiques." Bordeaux 3, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008BOR30084.
Full textThe conservation of sandstone engraved rock art in the Sahara and its surroundings implies to find out the physical and chemical characteristics of their patinas and to diagnose the damages, in order to perfect a restoration process. Studies of surface and subsurface textural modifications (sandstone from High-Atlas, Morocco; Atlas and Tassili N’Ajjer) reveal the cortex and the patina’s protective role (cement densification) and the weakening of the dissolution layer. Metaquartzite studies (Anti-Atlas, Morocco) and laboratory experiments have confirmed these hypotheses: the origin of dark patinas is the result of water circulation in the rock (manganese and clayed cement), while eolian silt brings an evolution stage out. With regard to brown and ochre patinas, an increased of exogenous contribution is in evidence. The achievement of a resurfacing mortar consisted in measuring the proportions of sand, clay and ethyl silicate, so that its hardness and its porosimetric properties are close to those of the natural material. The compounds of polymerisation are compatible with those of rock and their penetration is restricted to the interface rock/mortar. Simulation experiments (frost/thaw, severe hydrolysis) have validated the process. A mortar pulp colouring takes into account its erosion and its re-restoration, if need be. Tests in situ (High-Atlas; Anti-Atlas, Morocco) allowed to bring slight adaptations to the process
Robin, Guillaume. "L'art pariétal des tombes à couloir néolithiques autour de la Mer d'Irlande : iconographie et organisation spatiale." Phd thesis, Université de Nantes, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00360165.
Full textexclusivement de signes géométriques, considérés généralement comme abstraits et non structurés.
Une analyse spatiale révèle au contraire une réelle organisation des signes. Cette analyse, menée sur plus
de 630 dalles gravées, met en avant un grand nombre de récurrences dans l'association des signes, dans
leur positionnement sur les pierres ainsi que dans leur emplacement dans l'architecture complexe des
tombeaux. Il est ainsi possible de définir une véritable « syntaxe » régissant l'agencement des signes à
différentes échelles de l'espace. Cette syntaxe permet par ailleurs de retrouver la position d'origine de
dalles gravées en réemploi dont les gravures, en position secondaire, sont « désorganisées ». Enfin, une
étude de l'organisation des éléments architecturaux et des dépôts funéraires montrent que ceux-ci
forment avec l'art pariétal un seul et même modèle symbolique de représentation spatiale.
Monney, Julien. "Les miroirs imparfaits : une approche anthropologique de l’art rupestre." Thesis, Paris 10, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA100013.
Full textAmong all the questions that have arisen in the field of rock art research, the most fundamental is probably the question of meaning, or more exactly the question of producing meaning. How to account for the existence of rock art on the walls of some caves of Western Europe, but also how to create meaning about the conditions in which those images were produced? Taking as a starting point the debates that have been going on for almost a century in prehistoric archaeology about the uses (and abuses) of ethnographic accounts to interpret European Palaeolithic cave art, this thesis opens up on a broader reflection on the nature of objects and experiences that are used in archaeology to account for past events. Thus, it questions (a) the nature of ethnographic data available, through a database of 795 ethnographic accounts linked with the production, the refection or the use of rock images worldwide. It also addresses (b) the ways of constructing archaeological data through the example of the palaeolithic rock art caves in the Gard-Ardèche-Hérault region (South-eastern France). Finally, it discusses (c) the role played by subjectivity in the process of creating knowledge about the past. Each time, the need for a return to the individual cases is emphasized: at an ethnographic level, the individuals consisting of first hand records resulting from the meeting between two different persons; at an archaeological level, single rock art images; and at a scientific level, the researcher himself. Through a discussion of the notions of time, phenomenon and alterity (otherness), this thesis attempts to analyze the implications of any expression dealing with the past and creation
Le, Quellec Jean-Loïc. "Le symbolisme de l'art rupestre du Sahara central." Paris 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA010541.
Full textOn the one hand, preliminaries relate on sign definition, typology and interpretation, on the other hand, investigate chronological problems, interpretation of different styles and use of comparative ethnology. Then several motives are scrutinized : animals, human figures, sexual scenes, relations man-animal, signs (radnetzen, ovals, footprints, spirals, meanders, circles, "water-bearers", traps). Each motif forms the subject of a geographical survey followed by a critical review of the assumptions previously exposed in the literature and, should the occasion arise, new hypotheses are discussed. In central Sahara, many rock-pictures finally appear as various local realizations connected to a common symbolical universe
Yahia-Acheche, Sophie. "L'art rupestre de Tunisie : inventaire et analyse : ses relations avec les foyers artistiques de l'Algérie et la Libye voisines." Paris 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA010573.
Full textCiterne, Pierre. "Les poissons dans l'art paléolithique : un thème figuratif au cœur de l'iconographie magdalénienne." Toulouse 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003TOU20081.
Full textStudy of fish representations in paleolithic art is based on reappraisal of the iconographic corpus and analysis of the modalities of expression shown by this figurative theme, be they external (geographical and chronocultural distributional patterns, nature and function of supports and techniques, thematical associations), or internal (stylistical diversity, structural and descriptive graphic elements, specific determination). Two subsequent approaches will complete this analysis, opening out on perspectives of a better global understanding of the cultural contexts in which paleolithic art flourished : study, through the particular case of pisciform signsʺ, of the formal and semantical links that possibly exist between abstraction and figuration ; highlighting of cultural phenomena through statistical analysis of formal characters
Nemlaghi, Anass. "Approche géomicrobiologique des processus d'altération et de bioconstruction des surfaces d'art rupestre en Asie centrale : (Kazakhstan & Sibérie Méridionale)." Paris 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA010637.
Full textAdapting the techniques of natural sciences to archaeology, especially in rock art investigations, provides valuable information on the mechanisms of alteration and biosedimentary deposits affecting the wall surfaces in central Asia (south of Siberia and Kazakhstan). Chemical analyses of mangano-ferrugineous patina and carbonated concretions, occurring on the petroglyphs, suggest an external origin of their constituents. Scanning electron microscopy (sem) reveals constant interactions of mineral substances with organic ones. The abundance of micro-organisms supports a biogenic origin of these accretions. Geomicrobiological experiments imply bacteria activity in the biomineralisation process, different bacterial populations isolated from natural patina and carbonated deposits have shown their ability to precipitate manganese oxides or calcite in the culture medium. In this work, we have focused on the study of the formation of black patina, the most common form of coating occurring on wall surfaces. The results of this study suggest a theoretical model which uses both physico-chemical and biological processes to create a solution with an enhancement mn:fe ratios and biological process to precipitate iron and manganese through an enzymatic or non enzymatic oxidation. Mastering physico-chemical properties of patina and biochemical agents which control its final deposition is particularly relevant to paleoclimatic interpretations and rock art dating
Guy, Emmanuel. "Évolution des formes dans l'art figuratif paléolithique occidental : introduction à une grammaire stylistique." Paris 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA010635.
Full textOur research is centered upon the study of the means of representation in the figurative art of the hunters-gatherers of the upper palaeolithic. Far from reducing the study of style to a simple chronological tool (as is often the case) we wish to engage a vast exploration of the prehistoric figurative corpus, in order to demonstrate specific manners of representation. Indeed, every figure refers to a conventional range of forms that are indispensable to its legibility by the social group that it proceeds. This representational code conceived and developed by the group, constitutes a primary testimony of its particular world-view. Our objective was, therefore to establish, by rigourous observation, a grammar of palaeolithic forms which illuminates the transformations of the artistic vision, and in the sane time, those of the way of thinking of prehistoric cultures. Our stylistic approach permit to identify ten specific formal organisations. Of course, this first evaluation on prehistorical languages has to be completed later on, in order to better grasp their objectives tendancies, and goals
Sepulveda, Marcela. "Art rupestre et iconographie dans le bassin de la rivière Salado (nord du Chili) durant la période intermédiaire tardive (850-1450 apr. J. -C. )." Paris 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA010564.
Full textLaurent, Antoine. "De l'utilité aux usages de la numérisation 3D pour le patrimoine archéologique." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Toulouse (2023-....), 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024TLSEP139.
Full textBased on the uses of 3D digitisation in archaeology, the Archaeoroom thesis project examines current practices for both research and the conservation of remains. The tools deployed in the field have a certain usefulness depending on the project. However, they do not fully meet the need for precision and resolution for the accurate reading of relief and colour in specific contexts. The corpus is therefore intended to be as broad as possible, to cover as many facies, materials, periods and working methods as possible. It includes decorated caves (Chauvet, Pech-Merle, Mas d'Azil, Marsoulas, Bédeilhac, Foissac) for which the creation of supports for all disciplines is crucial, particularly for the study of cave art, megaliths in order to produce standardised 3D readings over a wide area (statue-menhirs from Rouerga, stelae from the Gédéo country in Ethiopia, dolmen at Gréalou in the Lot department) and archaeological objects from several museums in order to test the tools against the notion of ground truth for complex objects (Musée d'archéologie nationale at Saint-Germain-en-Laye, Musée Saint-Raymond in Toulouse, Centre de Préhistoire du Pech Merle at Cabrerets, Musée et sites archéologiques de Saint-Romain-en-Gal). The thesis proposes the use of a confidential method in the heritage sciences stemming from the field of computer vision. This interdisciplinary project between archaeology and computer science aims to determine the usefulness of stereophotometry and its complementarity with current practices, in order to facilitate its appropriation by those involved. This research is based on the development of the open-source software AliceVision Meshroom, which we hope will become an integral part of the archaeologists' toolbox. In addition, with the ongoing revolution in neural network methods, multi-view stereophotometry now has the capacity to modify the process of 3D digitisation of heritage by becoming a fully-fledged 3D reconstruction tool
Martin, Michel. "Les représentations du Bouquetin dans l'art paléolitique en Europe méditerranéenne." Paris, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005MNHN0046.
Full textFrom the figurative theme of the Ibex in the Paleolithic Art of caverns and movable pieces of European Mediterranean space, a dual line of inquiry is followed : to mark the way in which the Ibex integrates a possible ornamentary device and to conduct a detailed technical stylistic analysis. The study developed in six chapters makes the inventory of the body, the zoology, the descriptive analysis in the context of the figures, the synthesis, the comparative analysis among Mediterranean sites, extended with a sample group of caves outside of Mediterranean space, and a chrono-cultural comparison with relative and absolute dating. The aurignaco-gravettian naturalism goes back to the Magdalenian on figures in smaller size. An artistic current of stylisation of the Ibex exists incontestably in the Solutrean which from the Mediterranean circulates in Quercy and Charente and more discretely in the west. The facts show in a manifest fashion an intentionality of the rock wall repartition of the Ibex figure, confirming the structural planning of the cavern space that vary in each cave as a function of socio-cultural and environmental choices which do not implicate an unique sense to its image
Gay, Marine. "Développement de nouvelles procédures quantitatives pour une meilleure compréhension des pigments et des parois des grottes ornées préhistoriques." Thesis, Paris 6, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA066236/document.
Full textThe present study is a physicochemical research as well as a methodological work, carried out through the study of three Palaeolithic caves by X-ray fluorescence and X-ray diffraction. The analytical complexity behind in situ and non-invasive study of rock art, has guided our reflexion about the development of quantitative procedures of data processing, in order to adjust them appropriately to the specificity of the site and its rock art (specific constitution of the analysed pigment and conservation condition of the ornamented wall). This complexity is due to the fact that pigment layers don’t cover uniformly the rock surface. Also, the layers are generally very thin. For this reason, in the pigment signal, the proportion of the physicochemical information specific to the substrate is very high.Three approaches have been tested in the caves of Rouffignac, Font-de-Gaume and La Garma to characterise their Palaeolithic rock art. The two first are located in the Périgord region in the south-west of France, the last one in the Cantabrian region of Spain. One is related to the semi-quantification of oxides which discriminate the pigment from the substrate, allowing to not taking account experimental condition parameters; the second is a semi-quantification related to Ca, in order that the contribution in the concentration of the substrate detected through the paint layer remains the same for each measurement point; the last one is based on a Monte Carlo simulations method to separate distinctly the pigment information to those from the wall. These quantitative approaches enhanced the stylistic knowledge of archaeologists, bringing new physicochemical insights into the organisation of the representations and their relationship with the others inside the cave. Also, this work is concerned by the karstic environment; incorporating a research on wall taphonomy to the pigment study. The aim is to access to a better appreciation of the pigment-wall interactions and their evolution during time, given their global environmental context
Mostefaï-Ithier, Amel. "Contribution à l'étude de l'art rupestre tassilien : à la recherche d'un sens à Ozan Ehéré (Tasîli-n-Ajjer, sahara central, Algérie)." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Toulouse 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014TOU20035.
Full textConsidering the face of human representations and evoking particularly firm presuppositions on a world of masks and animism considered as strictly black - African, number of the authors who studied the rupestral images of central Sahara mixed up "culture" and " racial identity ", artistic canons and anthropological kind, establishing a chopped cultural History, which is not argued. In Ozan Ehéré, remarkable cases of relationships illustrated by scenes showing an anthropomorphic touching a zoomorphic invite to suggest a parallel between representations in style of the Round Heads and the bovidians images (styles of Séfar - Ozan Ehéré, of Abañher, Iheren), while these groups are considered generally independent one of the other one and divided up by typological concern. A first structural approach of the rock art of the zone finally allows us to open stimulating ways, for example about the nature of beings represented on walls (who may not be human beings and ordinary animals attending to some commonplace occupation), and drives us to wonder about the function of these images. According to their possible feminine dimension, some Round Heads paintings could be taken out from the file of enigmatic representations. We could also get bovidians images out from the world of ornamental paintings, or of the chronicle - without appeal to literal readings
Plassard, Frédéric. "Les grottes ornées de Combarelles, Font-de-Gaume, Bernifal, et Rouffignac. Contexte archéologique, thèmes et style des représentations." Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00692556.
Full textBruneau, Laurianne. "Le Ladakh (état de Jammu et Cachemire, Inde) de l'Age du Bronze à l'introduction du bouddhisme : une étude de l'art rupestre." Paris 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA010610.
Full textPetrognani, Stéphane. "De Chauvet à Lascaux : approche critique des ensembles ornés anté-magdaléniens franco-ibériques." Paris 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA010662.
Full textAujoulat, Norbert. "Lascaux, le rôle du déterminisme naturel : des modalités d'élection du site aux protocoles de construction des édifices graphiques pariétaux." Bordeaux 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002BOR12569.
Full textThe physical environnement plays a major part in activities of humans when they chose certain karstic cavities as their sanctuaires. This study intends to identify the paleoenvironnemental criteria which were used to select the Lascaux cave, within its geographical context in the basin valley of the Vézère, as well as those that presided over the realization of its wall art. Such an approach will highlight the geological criteria in the choices of habitation versus painted or engraved sites. In addition, il will reveal the fundamental role of the underground netword architecture for the location of the images, as well as that of the morphological, optical and mechanical properties of the walls and ceilings for the technology of the designs. It was thus possible to evidence various graphic cycles in the making of the animal figures which could be synchronized with biological cycles
Robert, Éric. "Les signes et leurs supports pariétaux : analyse comparée des rapports entre les représentations abstraites et les reliefs naturels dans les grottes ornées du Paléolithique supérieur au sein de l'espace franco-cantabrique." Paris 1, 2006. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01702797.
Full textPinçon, Geneviève. "De l'esprit à la matière, les expression graphiques au Magdalénien moyen, le cas des magdaléniens à sagaies de Lussac-Angles." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Toulouse 2, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020TOU20034.
Full textThe Middle Magdalenian facies with Lussac-Angles spearpoints is well defined in time and space, and constitutes a confirmed and coherent chrono-cultural assemblage. It is characterised by the Lussac-Angles spearpoint, along with specific features like the bladelet-debitage of « La Marche type », the originality of its jewellery, its horse incisors, and its symbolic expressions, especially human figures. The harmony that stands out at these sites of La Marche and Le Roc-aux-Sorciers contributes to the stability of the group that comes back regularly, and modifies on the wall the concepts to be shared. Recording techniques must enable one to gather uninterpreted data. Once a document has been validated, it always remains possible to return to it in accordance with the evolution of research on the site of Angles-sur-l’Anglin or, more broadly, on parietal art and prehistory. The 3D technologies that have refined our scientific procedures are particularly appropriate for sculpture. The great interest of these resources is being able, in multiple formats, to attribute them to different users. Several identities can be distinguished in the Middle Magdalenian through their artistic expressions, which are one of the supports of their culture and which play a role in their social organisation. This « ethnic group » with Lussac-Angles spearpoints displays an art in the landscape combined with daring innovation. Its strong physical engagement in the territory demonstrates this group’s vitality. New dates would be welcome so as to fix it better in time, even though the relative chronology provided by the analysis of graphic expressions is one of the first arguments to be taken into account. This Magdalenian society was able to create a system involving shared values whose vector – art -- still speaks to us today. So our sensitivity matches that of other cultures, which brings each of us, whether Magdalenian or modern, closer to our humanity
Campmajo, Pierre. "Les gravures rupestres de Cerdagne (Pyrénées Orientales) de la fin de l'Âge de Fer à l'époque contemporaine : corpus, approches chronologique, spatiale et culturelle." Paris, EHESS, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008EHES0037.
Full textWith its 9940 engravings established on forty sites, the Cerdagne possesses a corpus plentiful enough to approach the problems of chronology which arise with this type of vestiges. The most ancient engravings date from the Iberic period in the end of the 3rd century BC, with writings as chronological tracers. The central Middle Age is also perfectly recognized thanks to the clothes and weapons of men and the harnesses of animals. The chronological approach, also has to take into account the phenomena consecutive to the duration of sites. Some of them indeed, show nearnesses or even mixing of motives, a priori from different periods. Envisaged like markers of territory, the sites can be understood according to their relations with specific points of the landscape. Finally, this approach on the specificity of the places of engravings can back up or at least allow to define better a symbolic approach
Penvern, Isabelle. "Le mammouth laineux (Mammuthus primigenius Blum. ) dans le bestiaire paléolithique pariétal en Périgord : Étude comparative des grottes de Rouffignac, Font-de-Gaume, Combarelles I et II et Bernifal." Paris, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004MNHN0028.
Full textThis work is a naturalist approach of the parietal prehistoric art of the valley of Vézère in the French region of Périgord, more precisely in the study of the representations of mammoths of the Magdalenian caves of Rouffignac, Font-de-Gaume, Combarelles and Bernifal. The Selected methodology was inspired by the work of Leon Pales, and takes into account the current paleontological knowledge of the woolly mammoth. Qualitative data of descriptive and typological nature and the quantitative information based on the morphometry were gathered; they were subjected to statistical analyses. Clear morphométric discrepancies were brought into light. The descriptive study showed that few of those elements matched anatomic reality. Common and specific tendencies exist between these four caves. If, according to the criterion considered, some caves may seem to share common links with each other, none of those links can be considered to be specific
Buhagar, Saad Abdulla. "L'art rupestre du Sud-Est Libyen (Région de KUFRA)." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00915778.
Full textCosta, Philippe. "Les traditions rupestres du Salvador : un art à la charnière de la Mésoamérique et de l'Aire Intermédiaire." Thesis, Paris 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA01H026/document.
Full textThe rock art of El Salvador is an original legacy rooted in all regions of the country. Rock production was supported during the pre-Hispanic era as shown in 70 sites highlighted by bibliographical research and field projects. If the Salvadorian rock art has been the subject of scientific publications at the end of the 19e century, be bad until now never given rise to synthetic study. A significant investment in research in the field enabled us to save half of the studied deposits. Stratigraphic surveys made on 11 rock art sites in El Salvador, in order to better control the framework chronological and cultural, but also beyond its borders to the Honduras. Records of visited sites helped develop a typological classification of the rock art manifestations. On the basis of the information gathered, a database was created and introduced into a system of geographic information. Thanks to this tool, the spatial analysis reveals rock art traditions -deposits with common iconographic and morphological features, whose geographical spread constitute partitioned territories. Using the archaeological information and studies of the linguistic groups, we have tried to restore the rock art traditions in their chrono-cultural context. They fit into the history of El Salvador and bring us new information about pre-Hispanic cultural borders in an area of interactions between Mesoamerica and middle area
Bouakaze-Khan, Didier. "L'art rupestre de la corne de l'Afrique : étude globale dans son contexte archéologique et anthropologique : modèle d'interprétation." Paris 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA010558.
Full textKhaled, Fatma Zohra. "La représentation du bubale antique dans l'art rupestre de l'Atlas saharien (Algérie)." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015MON30070.
Full textAmong the carved animal figures that appeared in North Africa during prehistory, the antique buffalo, omnipresent throughout the Saharan Atlas during the Neolithic, features prominently.Our study focused on 141 of these hartebeest engravings, spread over the various links constituting the Saharan Atlas of which 79 have been studied by us on the spot. This study consolidates and analyses data scattered in multiple works, to which are added our discoveries which have enriched the record and expanded the spatial distribution of these engravings. This wealth is not only quantitative, it is also qualitative. This important spring stylistic, thematic and technical highlights the regional schools and Saharan influences. Our research has allowed a better understanding of the stylistic and iconographic traditions of figuration of this animal and allowed us to situate them in their chrono-cultural and geographical context.The representations of the antique buffalo whose developed some forms, involved in defining cultural provinces, reveal the investment and the choice of artists in a varied bestiary that was represented differently depending on the region and atlasiques schools
De, bruycker Léa Lydie. "D'un monde à l'autre : L'incarnation de la grotte de Lascaux dans ses substituts : Entre pratiques et discours." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024MNHN0030.
Full textLascaux, Altamira, Chauvet, Cussac, Kapova: many prehistoric caves are closed to the public for conservation reasons. And yet, these invisible heritages have never been so accessible: replicas and virtual tours can now offer the cave experience, without the need to open the doors. These devices are thus an ideal solution for reconciling the challenges of preservation and accessibility, but can they be used to restore an ornate cave to the public realm? This doctoral research proposes a reflection on the act of substitution, based on the case study of the Lascaux cave, which was closed to the public in 1963 and which today offers a wide range of visits. The case of the Lascaux cave is both pioneering and representative of the evolution of heritage management policies for decorated caves, from exploitation to sanctuarization. By analyzing the context of the emergence of the Lascaux II facsimile project in the 1970s, we analyze the complex articulation of the act of substitution with the gestures of its patrimonialization. By carrying out a cross-exhibition analysis of seven devices accessible to the public in 2021-2022, we show how the cultural offer, through the staging, dynamics and narratives of the visitor space, declines the Lascaux cave in a substitute landscape. Above all, we have chosen to survey the professionals who operate and interact in the various phases of the reproduction process, from the acquisition of data in the cave to the accompaniment of public tours. By analyzing their practices and discourses, we can explore and question the mechanisms by which the Lascaux cave is embodied in its substitutes, between distancing, rapprochement and confusion
Sanou, Yves. "L'art rupestre des régions nord et ouest du Burkina Faso : approches archéologique et historique : perspectives de mise en valeur." Thesis, Paris 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA01H096.
Full textThis thesis focuses on the rock art sites of Burkina Faso, as much in terms of the scientific analysis of their graphic content as their protection and promotion. Early populations have immortalized themselves through magnificent pictorial evidences on the rock formations found in the north and west of the country. The north, part of the Sahelian region, includes the rock engraving sites discovered in Pobe-Mengao, Arbinda and Markoye. The west, an area of relatively dense vegetation, includes rock engravings and paintings found in Borodougou, on the outskirts of Toussiana, in Kawara, Douna, Tamassari and Negueni. Given the present understanding of Burkinabe rock art, the systematic study of the Pobe-Mengao and Toussiana sites has become essential to this research. The rock art found in these two regions is studied from an archaeological perspective (typology, distribution, quantitative and qualitative analysis, chronology) as well as a historical and ethnographical point of view (field surveys conducted among the people living near the rock art sites, the relation between these sites and the current populations). Combining these two approaches has enabled collection of important information pertaining to these unique ancient traces. In addition to the analysis and understanding of these priceless and irreplaceable fragile treasures, this study marks the opening of their protection and promotion which no doubt holds an important bearing upon the territorial dynamics and cultural development of the country
Cataldi, Maddalena. "Découvrir, comprendre et interpréter des gravures pariétales : une histoire de la science archéologique à travers l’histoire de l’étude scientifique du Mont Bégo (1868-1947)." Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019EHES0130.
Full textNowadays, the Vallée des Merveilles archaeological site, in the Mercantur National Park (Alpes-Maritimes, France), preserves about 40.000 protohistoric engravings. These engravings are carved on the rocks of the valleys around Mount Bego, dated between the Chalcolithic and the Bronze Age (3300-1800 BC). Known since the 16th century, these engravings reappeared around the 1860s, in the framework of a recently established knowledge, prehistory. Our research examines how they have been characterized as a scientific object as well as the process that led to their protection as expression of the culture of the “primitive man”. The thesis analyzes, through an historiographical method, three moments of the redefinition of the value of the site, in order to describe how it is constituted at the intersection of the scientific debate, of the construction of the public opinion and his protection by national institutions
Benard, Alain. "L'art rupestre du sud de l'Île-de-France." Paris 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA010620.
Full textMostefaï-Ithier, Amel. "Contribution à l'étude de l'art rupestre tassilien : à la recherche d'un sens à Ozan Ehéré (Tasîli-n-Ajjer, sahara central, Algérie)." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014TOU20035/document.
Full textConsidering the face of human representations and evoking particularly firm presuppositions on a world of masks and animism considered as strictly black - African, number of the authors who studied the rupestral images of central Sahara mixed up "culture" and " racial identity ", artistic canons and anthropological kind, establishing a chopped cultural History, which is not argued. In Ozan Ehéré, remarkable cases of relationships illustrated by scenes showing an anthropomorphic touching a zoomorphic invite to suggest a parallel between representations in style of the Round Heads and the bovidians images (styles of Séfar - Ozan Ehéré, of Abañher, Iheren), while these groups are considered generally independent one of the other one and divided up by typological concern. A first structural approach of the rock art of the zone finally allows us to open stimulating ways, for example about the nature of beings represented on walls (who may not be human beings and ordinary animals attending to some commonplace occupation), and drives us to wonder about the function of these images. According to their possible feminine dimension, some Round Heads paintings could be taken out from the file of enigmatic representations. We could also get bovidians images out from the world of ornamental paintings, or of the chronicle - without appeal to literal readings
Bourdier, Camille. "Paléogéographie symbolique au Magdalénien moyen : apport de l'étude des productions graphiques pariétales des abris occupés et sculpté de l'Ouest français (Roc-aux-Sorciers, Chaire-à-Calvin, Reverdit, Cap-Blanc)." Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010BOR14174/document.
Full textThanks to the association of rock-art and a chrono-cultural context, the occupied and decorated rock-shelters appear to be particularly appropriate to consider the spatio-temporal structuration of the Middle Magdalenian. Based on analytical tracings, the techno-stylistic study of four rock-art sites (Roc-aux-Sorciers, Chaire-à-Calvin, Reverdit, Cap-Blanc) reveals a double process of unity and regionalization. A tradition of the Magdalenian parietal sculpture appears, in the continuity of the Solutrean sculpture. Two groups can be distinguished however. The “Roc-aux-Sorciers group” spreads from Vienne to Eastern Périgord. Inside, the analogies between the Roc-aux-Sorciers and Chaire-à-Calvin friezes raises the question of their author(s), and beyond their inhabitants. The “Cap-Blanc group” coexists in Périgord. The difference between Roc-aux-Sorciers and Cap-Blanc is also found in the archaeological material. Could these symbolic groups illustrate two socio-cultural groups?Finally, the socio-cultural function of sculptured sites is tackled through the choice of sculpture. Inside the decorated sites of Eastern Vienne, the monumental sculptured frieze of Roc-aux-Sorciers rock-shelter certainly was public art, associated with large occupations. Then the frieze would have acted as an element of social cohesion. It could also have served as a territorial mark facing other populations (La Garenne group?)
Huet, Thomas. "Organisation spatiale et sériation des gravures piquetées du mont Bego." Phd thesis, Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00712290.
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