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Journal articles on the topic 'Artère carotide externe'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 7 July 2024

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Gavrilidou, P., D. M. Iliescu, R. Baz, and P. Bordei. "Morphological characteristics of the external carotid artery." ARS Medica Tomitana 19, no. 2 (2013): 74–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/arsm-2013-0013.

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Abstract The morphological characteristics at the level of the bifurcation of the common carotid artery were studied on 46 cases, finding that the most frequent, in 52.17% of cases, the common carotid bifurcation appear as the letter “V”, with two possible variations: a wide “V”, in 43.48% of cases and narrow “V” in 8.7% of cases. In 30.43% of cases, the two carotids showed an ascending traject, united for 1-2 cm up to their crossing; in 13,04% of the cases the two arteries were superimposed, the external located anteriorly. In only in two cases on the right side (4.35% of cases and 8.33% of r

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2

Ankolekar, Vrinda Hari, Anne D. Souza, Mamatha Hosapatna, and Amoldeep Singh. "BRANCHES OF EXTERNAL CAROTID ARTERY: A DESCRIPTIVE STUDY." International Journal of Anatomy and Research 6, no. 3.2 (2018): 5504–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.16965/ijar.2018.257.

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3

S., Naveen Kumar, and Naveen Kumar K. "Variations in Branching Pattern of External Carotid Artery." Indian Journal of Anatomy 7, no. 5 (2018): 515–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.21088/ija.2320.0022.7518.9.

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4

Sharma, Urvi, and Amit Purushottam Tirpude. "Bilateral kinking of extracranial part of internal carotid artery with coiling and tortuosity of external carotid artery." Indian Journal of Clinical Anatomy and Physiology 11, no. 2 (2024): 116–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.18231/j.ijcap.2024.026.

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A rare anatomic anomaly known as the twisted carotid artery is characterized by vascular elongation that results in an altered path. It could be an unexpected finding or have symptoms that are clinically noteworthy. The internal carotid artery or, less frequently, the common carotid artery is the most typical site. Additionally, bilateral tortuous carotid arteries may develop, resulting in "kissing carotids," a condition in which the carotid arteries are opposed one another. : This case report describes the bilateral presence of numerous loops in the exterior and internal carotid arteries of a

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5

Sonu and Sunita Kalra. "AN UNDOCUMENTED RARE BRANCHING PATTERN OF EXTERNAL CAROTID ARTERY." International Journal of Anatomy and Research 8, no. 4.1 (2020): 7767–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.16965/ijar.2020.211.

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The external carotid arterial system supplies the areas of head and neck region. The knowledge of possible anatomical variations occurring in branching pattern of external carotid artery is crucial especially in the surgeries of head, neck and face; as well as for interpretation of radiological investigations like angiograms. During routine dissection of head and region for undergraduate students we discovered common trunk for lingual, facial and ascending pharyngeal arteries. Also, the occipital artery is arising just before the common trunk from the external carotid artery. KEY WORDS: Extern

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N, Esakkiammal, Renu Chauhan, and Rakhee Sharma. "CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS OF VARIABLE ORIGIN OF EXTERNAL CAROTID ARTERY BRANCHES AND HIGH LEVEL BIFURCATION OF COMMON CAROTID ARTERY." International Journal of Anatomy and Research 5, no. 2.3 (2017): 3958–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.16965/ijar.2017.228.

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7

Billakanti, Prakash B. "ANOMALOUS ORIGIN OF OCCIPITOAURICULAR TRUNK FROM EXTERNAL CAROTID ARTERY. Origen anomalo del tronco occipito-auricular de la arteria carotida externa." Revista Argentina de Anatomía Clínica 3, no. 2 (2016): 106–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.31051/1852.8023.v3.n2.13927.

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Las anomalías en el origen y patrón de ramificación de la arteria carótida externa (ACE) son comunes. El nivel de la bifurcación de la arteria carótida común (ACC) y las variaciones en el origen / patrón de ramificación de la arteria carótida externa están bien documentados. En el hallazgo de las arterias occipitales y posteriores surgían de un corto tronco común de la ACE en el lado izquierdo. El conocimiento de las variaciones en el origen y curso de las ramas de la ACE son de suma importancia en la cirugía. Los cirujanos deben ser conscientes de la posibilidad de encontrar estas variaciones

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8

Vipin, Kumar, Reeti Raag, and Prasad Sinha Abhishek. "A Morphological Study of the External Carotid Artery with Reference to Adjacent Anatomical Landmarks in Cadavers." International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 15, no. 2 (2023): 1180–85. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12828090.

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<strong>Aim: </strong>The aim of this observational study was to establish the relationship of External Carotid Artery with reference to Adjacent Anatomical landmarks in cadavers. <strong>Methods: </strong>The present observational study was done in the Department of Anatomy, Netaji Subhas medical College and Hospital, Bihta, Patna, Bihar, India. 60 hemi-necks obtained from 30 formalin embalmed cadavers (20 male and 10 female) were dissected and the external carotid arteries were traced from the origin to termination. <strong>Results: </strong>The ECA took origin at th

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9

Mukhia, Rajeev. "Anatomical Variations in the Branches of External Carotid Artery in Cadavers of Nepalese Origin." Journal of Human Anatomy 4, no. 1 (2020): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.23880/jhua-16000144.

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Introduction: Knowledge of the position and the variations of the external carotid artery and its branches are essential for faciomaxillary surgery and surgeries of the neck. The variations in the branching pattern are also essential to avoid complications with catheter insertion of carotid arteries in various procedures and pre-operative angiography. The external carotid artery is an important route for administration of anticancer drugs for head and neck cancer, so the knowledge of anatomy of branching pattern of external carotid artery is clinically important. Materials and Methods: Total 3

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10

Sabatier, A., P. Y. Robert, J. P. Sauvage, J. P. Bessede, J. P. Adenis, and R. Chapot. "Artères ophtalmiques issues des carotides externes." Journal Français d'Ophtalmologie 29, no. 8 (2006): 944.e1–944.e6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0181-5512(06)70121-8.

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11

Anuradha, M., and S. Chitra. "A STUDY OF THE COMMON ORIGIN OF LINGUAL AND FACIAL ARTERY FROM THE EXTERNAL CAROTID ARTERY." International Journal of Anatomy and Research 5, no. 1.3 (2017): 3656–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.16965/ijar.2017.132.

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12

Shivaprakash S and Ashok K R. "Study of Branching Pattern of External Carotid Artery." International Journal of Anatomy and Research 10, no. 2 (2022): 8367–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.16965/ijar.2022.144.

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Background: Anatomical information of vasculature is of need for the surgeons and radiologists. Carotid artery and its branches supply most of head, neck, and brain. Injuries to the external carotid artery and its branches is often complex and results in high mortality. Knowledge of types and frequencies of vascular variations of external carotid artery is of help for invasive diagnostic and interventional procedures. Materials and methods: 50 external carotid arteries were dissected to study the branching pattern of external carotid artery. Results: Conventional branching pattern was seen in

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13

Talay, Süreyya. "Arteriotomy for Carotid Endarterectomy, from Common to Interna or Externa?" Acta Medica 51, no. 3 (2020): 25–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.32552/0.actamedica.420.

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Objectives: In this study, we described and compared a modified carotid endarterectomy surgical technique. Our comparison was between arteriotomy incision from common to interna and from common to externa. Methods: This study included 73 isolated carotid anrterctomy operations from two different centers. We performed external incision in 61 cases (Group A) and internal incision in 12 cases (Group B). We also elaborated perioperative data and surgical results between Groups. All cases were performed under general anaesthesia. Results: 2 patients in Group A and 2 patients in Group B

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14

Rao, S. B., V. R. Vollala, M. Rao, et al. "Unusual position of external carotid artery: a case report." Indian Journal of Plastic Surgery 38, no. 02 (2005): 170–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1699098.

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AbstractThe arterial pattern of the human body is one of the systems that show a large number of variations. Many reports are available regarding variations of common carotid, external and internal carotid arteries and branches of external carotid artery. We describe a very rare case of lateral position of external carotid artery. The external carotid artery was lateral to the internal carotid artery at the bifurcation of the common carotid artery. The clinical importance of this variation is discussed.

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15

Grigoryants, Vladimir, Matthew J. Eagleton, and Gilbert R. Upchurch. "Bilateral External Carotid Artery Aneurysms." Vascular 12, no. 6 (2004): 387–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/rsmvasc.12.6.387.

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A 60-year-old female was found on a physical examination to have bilateral palpable pulsatile neck masses. She denied local pain, cranial nerve compressive symptoms, or symptoms of cerebral ischemia. Duplex ultrasonography demonstrated bilateral 1.5 x 2.2 cm external carotid artery aneurysms. Isolated bilateral external carotid artery aneurysms were confirmed by computed tomography and angiography. The patient has been treated conservatively, and at 4-year follow-up, she remains asymptomatic, and the carotid artery aneurysms are unchanged in size.

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16

Masson, R. L., and A. L. Day. "External Carotid Artery Reconstruction." Neurosurgery 30, no. 5 (1992): 802. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006123-199205000-00035.

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17

Masson, R. L., and A. L. Day. "External Carotid Artery Reconstruction." Neurosurgery 30, no. 5 (1992): 802. http://dx.doi.org/10.1227/00006123-199205000-00035.

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18

McIntyre, K. E. "External Carotid Artery Thromboendarterectomy." Perspectives in Vascular Surgery and Endovascular Therapy 3, no. 1 (1990): 107–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/153100359000300114.

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19

Dixon, J. A. "Spontaneous external carotid artery occlusion." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 103, no. 7 (1989): 710–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002221510010982x.

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AbstractThe case of a 64-year-old man who presented with severe left sided facial pain and cyanosis of the left ear, preauricular region and tongue is described. Digital subtraction angiography confirmed complete occlusion of the left external carotid artery. The patient was anticoagulated and his symptoms resolved over the following month, presumably due to improvement of collateral blood supply to the ischaemic areas. The literature on the clinical manifestations of external carotid ischaemia is reviewed and the relationship between facial pain, internal and external carotid atherosclerosis

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20

Harris, L. M., L. Pillai, and J. J. Ricotta. "External Carotid Endarterectomy with Internal Carotid Artery Transposition Flap Angioplasty for Symptomatic Internal Carotid Artery Occlusion." Cardiovascular Surgery 3, no. 6 (1995): 625–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096721099500300614.

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The external carotid artery is an important collateral pathway for cerebral perfusion when the internal carotid artery is occluded. After internal carotid artery occlusion, there is a definite risk of ipsilateral neurological events. The authors retrospectively examined their experience with endarterectomy of the external carotid artery for symptomatic internal carotid artery occlusion. Results based on the authors' experience and on historical data show external carotid endarterectomy to be a safe procedure. Obliteration of the cul-de-sac appears to be a very important factor in the preventio

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21

Al-Basheer, Mamoun, D. Ferrar, D. Nelson, and Theodor Vasudevan. "Outcome of the External Carotid Artery Following Carotid Endarterectomy with Added External Carotid Artery Eversion Endarterectomy." Annals of Vascular Diseases 4, no. 3 (2011): 225–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3400/avd.oa.11.00020.

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22

Sudhakaran, Manju, Mini Alikunju, Vandana Latha Raveendran, and Umesan Kannanvilakom Govindapillai. "Variations in the Branching Pattern of External Carotid Artery in South Kerala Population – A Cadaveric Study." Journal of Evidence Based Medicine and Healthcare 8, no. 22 (2021): 1780–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.18410/jebmh/2021/336.

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BACKGROUND External carotid arteries account for a major share of arterial supply of head and neck regions. As variations are frequently observed in the branching pattern of external carotid artery, surgeons, radiologists and anaesthetists often encounter difficulties in various procedures of head and neck. The purpose of this study is to describe the variations in the branching pattern of external carotid artery as observed in South Indian population which definitely reduces its iatrogenic injuries associated with surgical and radiological procedures of head and neck. METHODS This is cross-se

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23

Kurata, A., Y. Miyasaka, M. Kunii, H. Morishima, K. Fujii, and S. Kan. "Endovascular Approach to a Ligated External Carotid Artery." Interventional Neuroradiology 3, no. 2 (1997): 125–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/159101999700300204.

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A 37-year-old female with left sided multiple congenital haemangiomata presented with repeated haemorrhage. The haemorrhagic origin was from the angiomatous lesion with arteriovenous (AV) shunting in the tongue and pharynx. The patient had already undergone ligation of the external carotid artery. Vascularization was mainly from the portion of the external carotid artery distal to the occlusion. Our first approach via the collateral channels to the haemangioma failed. Through direct puncture of the distal end of the external carotid artery with the use of two dimensional road mapping, we succe

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24

Németh, Tamás, László Szakács, Zsolt Bella, Valéria Majoros, Pál Barzó, and Erika Vörös. "The treatment of pseudoaneurysms with flow diverters after malignant otitis externa." Interventional Neuroradiology 23, no. 6 (2017): 609–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1591019917729804.

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Background We report a case of bilateral malignant otitis externa complicated with bilateral petrous internal carotid artery pseudoaneurysms and their successful treatment with a flow diverter. Case report A 68-year-old woman with serious complications of type II diabetes mellitus had malignant otitis externa on the right side. She was treated with combined antibiotic therapy and underwent mastoidectomy for mastoiditis. She presented at our hospital with acute hemorrhage from the right external auditory canal. The emergency computed tomography (CT) angiography revealed a multiobulated pseudoan

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Kawamata, Takakazu, Yoshikazu Okada, Akitsugu Kawashima, Kohji Yamaguchi, and Tomokatsu Hori. "External Carotid Endarterectomy Followed by Superficial Temporal Artery to Middle Cerebral Artery Anastomosis for Internal Carotid Artery Occlusion with Advanced Ipsilateral External Carotid Stenosis." Operative Neurosurgery 62, suppl_5 (2008): ONS395—ONS399. http://dx.doi.org/10.1227/01.neu.0000326024.93724.16.

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Abstract Objective: For patients with internal carotid artery occlusion with advanced narrowing of the ipsilateral external carotid artery (ECA), we performed preventive carotid endarterectomy (CEA) for the ECA stenosis before superficial temporal artery (STA) to middle cerebral artery (MCA) anastomosis for internal carotid artery occlusion. Methods: Between August 2002 and July 2005, we treated seven patients with such lesions, six men and one woman, ranging in age from 52 to 66 years (median, 60 yr). Before STA-MCA anastomosis, we performed preventive CEA for advanced ECA stenosis (&gt;7

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Abla, Adib A., Peter Kan, Shady Jahshan, Travis M. Dumont, Elad I. Levy, and Adnan H. Siddiqui. "External Carotid Dissection and External Carotid Proatlantal Intersegmental Artery with Subclavian Steal Prompting External Carotid and Subclavian Artery Stenting." Journal of Neuroimaging 24, no. 4 (2013): 399–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1552-6569.2012.00787.x.

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27

Päivänsalo, M. J., T. M. J. Siniluoto, T. A. Tikkakoski, V. Myllylä, and I. J. I. Suramo. "Duplex US of the External Carotid Artery." Acta Radiologica 37, no. 1P1 (1996): 41–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/02841851960371p108.

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The ratio between the systolic peak velocities of the internal and common carotid arteries (vpICA/vpCCA), vpICA and grey-scale imaging measurement are generally used to evaluate internal carotid stenosis against known flow criteria in order to differentiate non-significant from significant stenosis. The same criteria are also used for evaluating the external carotid artery (ECA). Our data on 707 normal or stenotic ECA nevertheless showed that the systolic peak velocity of the normal ECA (vpECA) and its ratio to the systolic velocity of the CCA (vpECA/vpCCA) are higher than vpICA and vpICA/vpCC

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Worley, G. A., J. D. Hern, G. J. O'Sullivan, P. Tassone, and A. E. Hinton. "Mycotic aneurysm of the external carotid artery." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 112, no. 8 (1998): 793–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022215100141738.

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AbstractMycotic aneurysms of the extracranial carotid arteries are extremely rare. A case is reported of a false aneurysm of the left external carotid artery. This developed secondary to cervical lymphadenitis which did not settle with high dose antibiotic therapy. The diagnosis was made on investigation with carotid doppler ultrasound and confirmed with computerized tomography. Digital subtraction angiography was performed to highlight the vascular anatomy. In addition percutaneous balloon catheter control of blood flow in the external carotid artery was used as an adjunct to surgical managem

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Quintas-Neves, Miguel, Sofia Almeida Xavier, Mariana Ribeiro Santos, et al. "External carotid artery stenting in symptomatic internal carotid artery occlusion." Journal of Clinical Neuroscience 78 (August 2020): 397–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jocn.2020.05.023.

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30

Willfort-Ehringer, Andrea, Ramazanali Ahmadi, Diego Gruber, et al. "Effect of carotid artery stenting on the external carotid artery." Journal of Vascular Surgery 38, no. 5 (2003): 1039–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0741-5214(03)00550-0.

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31

Campbell, Amy S., Allen P. Butler, and Oscar H. Grandas. "A Case of External Carotid Artery Pseudoaneurysm from Hyoid Bone Fracture." American Surgeon 69, no. 6 (2003): 533–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000313480306900616.

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Carotid artery pseudoaneurysms are detected most commonly after acute traumatic injuries to the head and neck. Pseudoaneurysms of the carotid artery are rare after blunt trauma. The most common site of injury occurs in the internal carotid artery with greater than 70 per cent of those injuries resulting from motor vehicle collisions. We report a case of external carotid artery pseudoaneurysm secondary to chronic arterial trauma. The patient presented with a one-week history of left ear pain and a pulsatile left neck mass. Radiologic studies revealed a 2.8-cm neck mass compatible with a pseudoa

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32

Slobodian, Oleksandr, and Lalita Gerasym. "Topographico-anatomic peculiarities of the external carotid artery in the perinatal period." Moldovan Medical Journal 62 (2) (June 15, 2019): 26–28. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3233913.

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<strong>Background: </strong>the importance of the given issue is in clarification of ontogenetic transformations of the external carotid artery during the perinatal and early neonatal periods, which is essential from the view of surgical treatment of congenital pathology of the cervical vessels in fetuses, neonates and infants. <strong>Material and methods:</strong> the study was performed on 50 specimens of dead fetuses (from 4 to 10 months) and 9 neonates (5 isolated complexes of organs in particular) without external signs of anatomical defects or deviations, and without visible macroscopi

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33

NUMATA, Tsutomu, Toyoyuki HANAZAWA, Keisuke SHIBA, et al. "CONTRALATERAL EXTERNAL CAROTID-EXTERNAL CAROTID ARTERY BYPASS FOR VASCULAR RECONSTRUCTION IN CASES OF COMMON CAROTID ARTERY RESECTION." Japanese jornal of Head and Neck Cancer 27, no. 3 (2001): 607–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.5981/jjhnc1974.27.607.

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34

Nagasawa, Shiro, Hideo Tanaka, Masahiro Kawanishi, and Tomio Ohta. "Contralateral external carotid-to-external carotid artery (half-collar) saphenous vein graft for common carotid artery occlusion." Surgical Neurology 45, no. 2 (1996): 138–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0090-3019(96)80006-1.

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35

Grigoryants, Vladimir, Matthew J. Eagleton, and Gilbert R. Upchurch. "Bilateral External Carotid Artery Aneurysms." Vascular 12, no. 06 (2004): 387. http://dx.doi.org/10.2310/6670.2004.00039.

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Dwivedi, Amit J., Andrea E. Yancey, Charles B. Ross, and Marvin E. Morris. "Symptomatic External Carotid Artery Stenosis." American Surgeon 77, no. 11 (2011): 238–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000313481107701111.

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37

De Luccia, Nelson, Erasmo Simão da Silva, Marta Aponchik, Fernanda Appolonio, and Luiz Alberto Benvenuti. "Congenital External Carotid Artery Aneurysm." Annals of Vascular Surgery 24, no. 3 (2010): 418.e7–418.e10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.avsg.2009.05.021.

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38

Jadi, Arvendi Rachma, Hinako Fujisaki, Amany Ramah, et al. "Anatomical View of the Internal Carotid Artery Occlusion in Japanese Black Cattle." Animals 14, no. 3 (2024): 365. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani14030365.

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The internal carotid artery (ICA) is a branch of the common carotid artery (CCA), along with the external carotid artery (ECA), which together provide the blood supply for the brain. The description of the ICA in cattle is vague, including denial of its existence or degeneration at an early stage after birth. This anatomical study investigated the internal carotid artery in Japanese black cattle. Sixty-five heads of Japanese black cattle aged from newborn to 13 years were dissected and injected with colored latex from the CCA after separating the head and body. Diameter measurements of the art

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Łyko-Morawska, Dorota, Michał Serafin, Julia Szostek, Magdalena Mąka, Iga Kania, and Wacław Kuczmik. "Fate of External Carotid Artery Following Carotid Artery Stenting for Internal Carotid Artery near Occlusion." Biomedicines 13, no. 2 (2025): 303. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines13020303.

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Background: The external carotid artery (ECA) plays a vital role in facial perfusion and acts as a collateral pathway for cerebral blood flow during internal carotid artery (ICA) stenosis. In cases of carotid near-occlusion (CNO), characterized by severe ICA stenosis with hemodynamic changes, carotid artery stenting (CAS) is rising as a potential new treatment. During CAS, the stent is deployed in ICA, covering the ECA orifice. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the effects of CAS on ECA. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study included 159 patients diagnosed with CNO and treated w

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40

Savithri, P. "Unilateral variations in the branching pattern of right external carotid artery- a case report." National Journal of Clinical Anatomy 01, no. 03 (2012): 136–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-3401678.

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AbstractA case report of anomalous origin and branching pattern of right external carotid artery found during the dissection of human cadavers is reported here. Knowledge of anatomical variations of external carotid artery is especially important in head & neck surgeries. This knowledge is also important for radiologists in the image interpretation. In the case reported here, the right external carotid artery gave direct origin of one of dorsal lingual artery, two stylomastoid arteries, muscular artery and lymph nodal artery along with its normal eight branches. Generally the dorsal lingua

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41

Shreevastava, Amit Kumar, Rajat Subhra Das, Tarun Prakash Maheshwari, and Balkund Kailash Damodhar. "Bilateral higher carotid termination with rare anomalous emergence of ventral branches of the external carotid arteries: A cadaver study." SAGE Open Medical Case Reports 10 (January 2022): 2050313X2211386. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2050313x221138659.

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The common carotid artery bifurcates into two terminal branches—the external and internal carotid arteries. The head, neck, and face regions principally get their blood supply from the external carotid artery and its branches. Some previous articles have mentioned the abnormal pattern of the external carotid artery branching and its variable origin. In this article, a rare case has been documented, having the combination of anomalies of the high carotid termination and bilateral variable origin of the ventral branches of the external carotid artery encountered during routine dissection of the

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42

Pritz, Michael B. "External carotid artery reconstruction performed using an autologous internal carotid artery patch." Journal of Neurosurgery 94, no. 6 (2001): 996–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/jns.2001.94.6.0996.

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✓ The reconstruction of the external carotid artery (ECA) and obliteration of an occluded stump or atretic internal carotid artery (ICA) are described. In this method the occluded ICA is used as an autologous patch graft. Satisfactory ICA obliteration and expanded, smooth common carotid artery—ECA contour were obtained in three patients. Advantages of this procedure include ICA obliteration and precise patch placement by using an ideal, autologous, arterial graft.

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43

Gajin, Predrag, Srdjan Babic, Milorad Sevkovic, et al. "Thrombosis of External Carotid Artery after Internal Artery Endarterectomy Causing Ischemic Events." Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences 10, no. C (2022): 212–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2022.7372.

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Carotid endarterectomy (CEA) is a widespread and safe procedure associated with very little risk. Only at our hospital surgeons perform nearly 1000 of these surgeries annually, with serious complications occurring extremely rarely[1]. Cerebral ischemic events due to external carotid artery (ECA) thrombosis following a successful internal carotid artery (ICA) endarterectomy is one of such complications. We present a case of ECA thrombosis, following ICA endarterectomy that caused ischemic events.

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OKU, Takayuki, Kenichiro NOGAMI, Hiroyasu KOIZUMI, et al. "External Carotid Artery Stenting and Superficial Temporal Artery to Middle Cerebral Artery Anastomosis for Internal Carotid Artery Occlusion With External Carotid Artery Severe Stenosis." Neurologia medico-chirurgica 52, no. 12 (2012): 906–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.2176/nmc.52.906.

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Numata, Tsutomu, Akiyoshi Konno, Yousuke Takeuchi, et al. "Contralateral External Carotid-Middle Cerebral Artery Bypass for Carotid Artery Resection." Laryngoscope 107, no. 5 (1997): 665–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00005537-199705000-00020.

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Goyal, Sumit, and Ajit Kumar Sinha. "Republished: A rare case of absent left common carotid artery with bovine origin of the left external carotid artery." Journal of NeuroInterventional Surgery 9, no. 5 (2016): e20-e20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/neurintsurg-2016-012540.rep.

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Abstract:

A 22-year-old man had cerebral venous sinus thrombosis and his angiogram incidentally revealed an absent left common carotid artery with bovine origin of the left external carotid artery. There was also an associated low bifurcation of the right common carotid artery and basilar artery fenestration. The absence of a common carotid artery is a very rare angiographic finding, and an association with a bovine origin of the left external carotid artery has not been reported previously in the literature. Here we provide a description of the case along with a review of the literature and embryology.

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Banode, Pankaj, Abhinav A. Mohan, Shishir Ravekar, Priyanka Banode, and Pushan Sharma. "Spontaneous Aneurysm of External Carotid Artery: Management and Complications." International Journal of Recent Surgical and Medical Sciences 4, no. 02 (2018): 081–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1677785.

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AbstractExtracranial carotid artery aneurysm is a rare vascular disease in the neck with variable presentation. Aneurysms are associated with significant mortality and morbidity and are associated with fatal complication secondary to spontaneous rupture or tracheal compression or laryngeal edema and distal embolization. A 43-year-old male patient presented with large aneurysm arising from proximal common carotid artery (CCA) causing tracheal obstruction leading to life-threatening respiratory symptoms. The endovascular interventional management is an emerging alternative for surgical option an

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Khanal, L., P. Baral, P. Yadav, A. Pandeya, S. Shah, and S. Koirala. "Bilateral anatomical variation in branching pattern of external carotid artery in a male cadaver - a case report." Journal of Morphological Sciences 32, no. 02 (2015): 108–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4322/jms.072914.

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AbstractDevelopmental anomalies in the origin and branching pattern of the external carotid artery are not common. The level of the bifurcation of the common carotid artery and also the variations in the origin/branching pattern of the external carotid artery are well known and documented. During a routine dissection of middle aged male cadaver in department of Anatomy in BP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences (BPKIHS) The clinically-relevant variations to be noted were the high origin and anomalous course of the facial artery, superior thyroid artery arising as a branch of Common Carotid art

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Uno, Masaaki, Kyoko Nishi, Kiyohito Shinno, and Shinji Nagahiro. "Carotid Endarterectomy with External Shunt: A New Device and Indication for Use: Technical Note." Neurosurgery 48, no. 5 (2001): 1174–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006123-200105000-00048.

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Abstract OBJECTIVE We designed a new external shunt system and evaluated its indications and efficacy in patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy (CEA). METHODS In 8 of 332 CEA procedures, external shunts were placed between the common carotid artery and the internal carotid artery (ICA). This procedure was implemented for one of two indications: 1) a change in electroencephalographic and/or somatosensory evoked potential readings immediately after ICA occlusion, or 2) elongation of the ICA made safe insertion of an internal shunt impossible. In addition, a shunt was placed between the commo

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Woo, Edward Y., Jagajan Karmacharya, Omaida C. Velazquez, Jeffrey P. Carpenter, Christopher L. Skelly, and Ronald M. Fairman. "Differential Effects of Carotid Artery Stenting Versus Carotid Endarterectomy on External Carotid Artery Patency." Journal of Endovascular Therapy 14, no. 2 (2007): 208–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1583/1545-1550(2007)14[208:deocas]2.0.co;2.

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