Academic literature on the topic 'Artères cérébrales – imagerie diagnostique'
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Journal articles on the topic "Artères cérébrales – imagerie diagnostique"
Soulez, G., J. Dubois, and V. L. Oliva. "Imagerie diagnostique et thérapeutique des artères rénales et de l'hypertension rénovasculaire." EMC - Radiologie et imagerie médicale - Cardiovasculaire - Thoracique - Cervicale 2, no. 1 (January 2007): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1879-8535(07)72753-8.
Full textPaillère-Martinot, M. L., H. Lemaitre, H. Vulser, E. Artiges, R. Miranda, and J. L. Martinot. "Vulnérabilité aux troubles de l’humeur à l’adolescence." European Psychiatry 28, S2 (November 2013): 60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2013.09.157.
Full textFreitag, P., and T. Schumacher. "Tumeurs cérébrales gliales de l'adulte Imagerie diagnostique et contrôle du traitement." Forum Médical Suisse ‒ Swiss Medical Forum, July 31, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.4414/fms.2002.04602.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Artères cérébrales – imagerie diagnostique"
Demené, Charlie. "Cartographie vasculaire et fonctionnelle du cerveau par échographie Doppler ultrarapide chez le petit animal et le nouveau-né." Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015USPCC119.
Full textThis thesis focus on the application of Ultrafast Doppler to the imaging of vascular networks and particularly to the cerebral network. First, we made it even more sensitive and robust against motion artefacts with a new signal processing approach based on singular value decomposition to remove clutter signal. Then we made the most of this gain in sensitivity by developing a 3D reconstruction technique of the vascular networks called Ultrafast Doppler Tomography (UFD-T) This technique has first been used to image the development of tumor blood vessels in a murine model, and showed quantitative structural data could be extracted. Then this technique enabled the reconstruction of the vascular architecture in the brain of rats. Ultrafast Doppler enables als( to quantify blood flow speeds in any location of the field of view. This was used to build a parametric mapping of the vascular resistivity via Ultrafast Doppler and to reveal the cerebral hemodynamic abnormality in a resuscitation model after cardiac arrest in the rabbit, with and without ultrafast hypothermia after resuscitation. Ultrafast Doppler has also been applied to the neonate brain, enabling on the one hand an anatomic delineation of vessel with higher quality than conventional Color Doppler, on the other hand the mapping of cerebral resistivity. Last but not least, we were able to obtain the first results in neonate functional imaging, in particular during epileptic seizures. This work shows that by slightly changing radiological practice for ultrasonic imaging, it could become a modality for functional studies and patient monitoring in pediatrics and neonatal intensive care units
Péchaud, Mickaël. "Applications de calculs de plus courts chemins en imagerie médicale." Paris 7, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA077214.
Full textThis thesis tackles the issue of the computation of shortest path in computer vision, and some of its applications to medical imaging. After a general introduction to shortest paths problems - both discrete and continuous - we present a unified version of fast-marching algorithms, as well as a convergence proof in a general case. We then apply it to the segmentation of tubular structures in 2D images - leading to an algorithm that can retrieve both centerline and radius of the structures. We demonstrate the accuracy and the robustness of our method on several real and synthetic images. We also apply this framework to flow-based segmentation of vessels in cortical optical imaging , and extend it to the segmentation of full networks. Finally, we propose to apply shortest paths computation to the analysis of high angular resolution diffusion MRI daja (HARDI), allowing the segmentation of difficult fibers bundles
Cormier, Stéphane. "Classification non exclusive pour le recalage d'images cérébrales multimodalités." Tours, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000TOUR3301.
Full textKazemi, Kamran. "L' intégration d'information bas et haut-niveau pour la segmentation optimisée d'images cérébrales 3D chez l'enfant nouveau-né." Amiens, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008AMIED004.
Full textIn this thesis, as the first step, we created a neonatal brain probabilistic atlas consisting of atlas template and probabilistic models for brain, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and skull. The atlas is created based on high resolution T1 Magnetic Resonance images of 7 individuals with gestational ages between 39 and 42 weeks at date of examination. The atlas template was evaluated by i) determining the deviation of characteristic anatomical landmarks and ii) the total amount of local deformation needed for the different brain tissues to meet the normalized neonatal image. In the second part of the thesis, we constructed a neonatal cerebral MR image simulator based on our created 3D digital neonatal neurocranial phantom. The created neonatal brain phantom consists of 9 different tissue types: scalp, skull, fat, muscle, dura mater, gray matter, myelinated white matter, non-myelinated white matter and CSF. The digital phantom was used to map simulated nuclear magnetic resonance signal intensities to simulate MR images of the newborns' head. The simulated images with controlled degradation of image data may serve as an evaluation data set for evaluating neonatal MRI analysis methods, e. G. Segmentation/registration algorithms. In the last part of this thesis, we developed an automatic tissue segmentation method for newborn brains from magnetic resonance images. We applied an atlas based algorithm for brain, CSF and skull segmentation of the newborns from 3D T1 weighted MR images. We used the segmentation method based on EM algorithm and Markov random filed which is implemented in SPM toolbox and its VBM toolbox in conjunction with our created probabilistic atlas as prior information. The results demonstrate that our method realizes a tool capable to segment reliably brain, CSF and skull from MRI of neonates
Vuillier, Fabrice. "Anatomie du segment M1 de l'artère cérébrale moyenne : apport de l'angiographie par résonance magnétique 3D TOF A 3T et de l'écho-doppler couleur transcrânien." Besançon, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007BESA3709.
Full textThe M1 segment of the Middle Cerebral Artery (MCA) has been thoroughly explored through studies in microdissection. Is it a the root of collateral branches leading to the vascularisation of nuclei inside and at the base of the hemispheric cortex. Often involved when strokes occur, it has always been of major interest in imaging research. Angiography by Magnetic Resonance (AMR) and the Transcranial Color Echo-Doppler (TCED) are techniques which are adapted to its exploration. It seemed to us to be useful for evaluate the contribution of these techniques to knowledge of anatomic characteristics in the M1 segment. Out work focused on 50 patients. Exploration of the M1 segment was carried out with 3-T AMR and TCED. The route, type of division and the early cortical branches of the M1 segment were defined. The main results were compared to data in the literature. The route and mode of the division of the M1 segment were defined with TCED and compared to those obtained with AMR. With 3-T AMR, the M1 segment divided into two trunks in the majority of cases. The average length was 23 mm and the early cortical branches came out fo it (54 %). The main results of our work confirm the data in work on microdissection. In TCED the route and type of division were determined in good conditions. In almost 75 % of cases, the division mode was bipode. In 67 % of cases, compatibility between the 2 techniques was observed. Our study shows that it is now possible to carry out anatomical studies with 3-T AMR and with TCED in conditions which are similar to those for research in microdissection
Duperron, Marie-Gabrielle. "Genetic determinants and clinical significance of cerebral small vessel disease." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019BORD0449.
Full textCerebral small vessel disease (cSVD) is a major cause of stroke, cognitive impairment and dementia. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) markers of cSVD comprise white matter hyperintensities (WMH), MRI-defined lacunes of presumed vascular origin (Lac), cerebral microbleeds (CMB) and dilated perivascular spaces (dPVS). A systematic review and meta-analysis on > 16,000 participants enabled to characterize the association of WMH, BI and CMB with risk of stroke and dementia, as well as their subtypes, and with mortality. Because of limited data on dPVS, we examined the longitudinal relationship of dPVS burden with incident stroke risk in the population-based 3C-Dijon study, and found a significant association between dPVS burden, especially in basal ganglia and hippocampus, and incident risk of any stroke and intracerebral hemorrhage. We then explored the heritability of dPVS burden using genome-wide genotypes and found highest heritability for dPVS burden compared with other MRI-markers of cSVD, especially in the white matter. Second we conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) meta-analysis of dPVS burden and identified two genome-wide significant loci associated with extensive dPVS burden in the white matter, implicated in brain development, brain vascular function and oncogenesis. We found significant genetic correlation of dPVS burden in basal ganglia with all stroke and ischemic stroke. Finally, we conducted an extension of this work in the Japanese Nagahama population-based study to: (i) compare the reproducibility of three dPVS visual rating scales (ii) conduct the first GWAS of WMH volume in a Japanese cohort, confirming the chr17q25.1 locus and identifying new loci associated with regional WMH volume. In conclusion, we provide novel information on the clinical significance of MRI-markers of cSVD, especially dPVS, and new insight into the genetic contribution to MRI-markers of cSVD, by conducting the first heritability assessment and GWAS meta-analysis of dPVS burden, and the first GWAS of WMH volume in a Japanese population
Ionescu, Rǎzvan Andrei. "Détection et rehaussement des informations par réalignement et interpolation en imagerie médicale : application pour des séquences d'images cérébrales vasculaires en IRM." Compiègne, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002COMP1403.
Full textLémeret, Sabrina. "Etude de la relation entre le métabolisme lipidique et les marqueurs de vieillissement cérébral en imagerie par résonance magnétique." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BORD0063.
Full textIncreasing longevity and improved management of cardiovascular diseases has led to an increase in the frequency of age-related neurological diseases, especially stroke and dementia. MRI markers of vascular brain injury (white matter hyperintensities [WMH], silent infarcts and microbleeds) are powerful predictors of stroke and dementia, very frequent in the elderly, and can be measured easily. We studied the association between some components of lipid metabolism (plasma lipid levels, Apolipoprotein E [APOE] ε genotype) and MRI markers of vascular brain injury. We found in a systematic review with meta-analysis that the ε4 allele of the APOE gene is associated with larger WMH volume and a higher frequency of cerebral microbleeds, and that the APOEε2 allele is associated with larger WMH volume and a higher frequency of silent brain infarcts. We also report in the 3C-Dijon Study and in the EVA study that higher triglyceride levels are associated with an increased WMH volume and with a higher frequency of silent lacunar (small subcortical) brain infarcts. Finally, we investigated the clinical significance of these associations the 3C Study. We observed that higher triglycerides, LDL-cholesterol and total cholesterol levels, were associated with an increased risk of all dementia and its subtypes, in community persons aged 74 years at baseline and followed for up to 12 years. We conclude that lipid metabolism is associated with MRI-markers of cerebrovascular aging and dementia
Magro, Elsa. "Innovations en imagerie et en recherche clinique pour la prise en charge des patients porteurs d'une malformation artérioveineuse cérébrale." Thesis, Brest, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017BRES0081.
Full textBrain arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are a rare and heterogeneous pathology. Imaging anAVM is complex because of their temporal dynamic feature. The management is controversial in particular due to the risks associated with the proposed treatments.The first part of this work is about imaging AVMs. We focused on a new technique, 4-Dimensional digital substraction angiography (4D DSA). Initially, we studied its feasibility and validated this technique in comparison with conventional cerebral angiography. Then we compared 4D DSA with another dynamic modality, 4-dimensional magnetic resonance angiography (4D MRA), in the analysis of angio-architectural characteristics of AVMs. Finally, we used this technique as a supplementary tool in the pre- and intraoperative planning of micro-AVM surgery.The second part deals with the management of AVMs patients in clinical studies. Given the lack of consensus, and the heterogeneity of practices in the management of this pathology, the conduct of this work was done in several stages: a systematic review and a critical analysis of a randomized trial recently published on unruptured brain AVMs; the design of a new pragmatic randomized trial incorporating the clinical judgment of the multidisciplinary team, the evaluation of the applicability of this design to the different practices using questionnaires; the implementation of this international multi-center study called TOBAS (Treatment of Brain Arteriovenous Malformation); and finally, the analysis of the pilot phase of the study
Rapadamnaba, Robert. "Uncertainty analysis, sensitivity analysis, and machine learning in cardiovascular biomechanics." Thesis, Montpellier, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020MONTS058.
Full textThis thesis follows on from a recent study conducted by a few researchers from University of Montpellier, with the aim of proposing to the scientific community an inversion procedure capable of noninvasively estimating patient-specific blood pressure in cerebral arteries. Its first objective is, on the one hand, to examine the accuracy and robustness of the inversion procedure proposed by these researchers with respect to various sources of uncertainty related to the models used, formulated assumptions and patient-specific clinical data, and on the other hand, to set a stopping criterion for the ensemble Kalman filter based algorithm used in their inversion procedure. For this purpose, uncertainty analysis and several sensitivity analyses are carried out. The second objective is to illustrate how machine learning, mainly focusing on convolutional neural networks, can be a very good alternative to the time-consuming and costly inversion procedure implemented by these researchers for cerebral blood pressure estimation.An approach taking into account the uncertainties related to the patient-specific medical images processing and the blood flow model assumptions, such as assumptions about boundary conditions, physical and physiological parameters, is first presented to quantify uncertainties in the inversion procedure outcomes. Uncertainties related to medical images segmentation are modelled using a Gaussian distribution and uncertainties related to modeling assumptions choice are analyzed by considering several possible hypothesis choice scenarii. From this approach, it emerges that the uncertainties on the procedure results are of the same order of magnitude as those related to segmentation errors. Furthermore, this analysis shows that the procedure outcomes are very sensitive to the assumptions made about the model boundary conditions. In particular, the choice of the symmetrical Windkessel boundary conditions for the model proves to be the most relevant for the case of the patient under study.Next, an approach for ranking the parameters estimated during the inversion procedure in order of importance and setting a stopping criterion for the algorithm used in the inversion procedure is presented. The results of this strategy show, on the one hand, that most of the model proximal resistances are the most important parameters for blood flow estimation in the internal carotid arteries and, on the other hand, that the inversion algorithm can be stopped as soon as a certain reasonable convergence threshold for the most influential parameter is reached.Finally, a new numerical platform, based on machine learning and allowing to estimate the patient-specific blood pressure in the cerebral arteries much faster than with the inversion procedure but with the same accuracy, is presented. The application of this platform to the patient-specific data used in the inversion procedure provides noninvasive and real-time estimate of patient-specific cerebral pressure consistent with the inversion procedure estimation
Book chapters on the topic "Artères cérébrales – imagerie diagnostique"
Dietemann, J. L., M. Koob, C. Audibert, D. Christmann, N. Rotaru, and C. Sebastià Sancho. "Malformations cérébrales." In Neuro-Imagerie Diagnostique, 637–73. Elsevier, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-2-294-75394-7.00018-7.
Full textDietemann, J. L., A. Bogorin, M. Abu Eid, M. Koob, and R. Sanda. "Thromboses veineuses cérébrales." In Neuro-Imagerie Diagnostique, 185–201. Elsevier, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-2-294-75394-7.00006-0.
Full textDietemann, J. L., J. Jeantroux, G. Bierry, G. Zöllner, N. Holl, F. Boujan, and M. Koob. "Hémorragies cérébrales et méningées." In Neuro-Imagerie Diagnostique, 1–57. Elsevier, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-2-294-75394-7.00001-1.
Full textKremer, S., J. C. Ferré, V. Lefournier, S. Grand, S. Bracard, and J. F. Le Bas. "IRM et TDM de perfusion dans l'exploration des tumeurs cérébrales." In Neuro-Imagerie Diagnostique, 361–76. Elsevier, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-2-294-75394-7.00009-6.
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