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Journal articles on the topic 'Arterial Oxygen pressure'

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Published: 3 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Dam, V., MC Wild, and MM Baun. "Effect of oxygen insufflation during endotracheal suctioning on arterial pressure and oxygenation in coronary artery bypass graft patients." American Journal of Critical Care 3, no. 3 (1994): 191–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4037/ajcc1994.3.3.191.

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BACKGROUND Numerous studies have demonstrated the need for increased inspired oxygen with endotracheal suctioning to prevent hypoxemia; however, increased arterial pressure has been reported as a consequence of lung hyperinflation/inflation used to deliver hyperoxygenation. OBJECTIVES To compare insufflation during endotracheal suctioning with a standard procedure of hyperoxygenation using a ventilator on arterial pressure, pulmonary artery pressure, heart rate, arterial oxygen saturation, and blood gases in intubated, mechanically ventilated coronary artery bypass graft patients. METHODS A wi

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2

Ilkiw, Jan E., Peter J. Pascoe, Steve C. Haskins, and John D. Patz. "Cardiovascular and respiratory effects of propofol administration in hypovolemic dogs." American Journal of Veterinary Research 53, no. 12 (1992): 2323–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.1992.53.12.2323.

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Summary Cardiopulmonary effects of propofol were studied in hypovolemic dogs from completion of, until 1 hour after administration. Hypovolemia was induced by withdrawal of blood from dogs until mean arterial pressure of 60 mm of Hg was achieved. After stabilization at this pressure for 1 hour, 6 mg of propofol/kg of body weight was administered iv to 7 dogs, and cardiopulmonary effects were measured. After blood withdrawal and prior to propofol administration, oxygen utilization ratio increased, whereas mean arterial pressure, mean pulmonary arterial pressure, central venous pressure, pulmona

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3

VIALE, JEAN-PAUL, CARLISLE J. PERCIVAL, GUY ANNAT, BERNARD ROUSSELET, and JEAN MOTIN. "Arterial-alveolar oxygen partial pressure ratio." Critical Care Medicine 14, no. 2 (1986): 153–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00003246-198602000-00018.

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4

Gilbert, Robert. "Arterial-Alveolar Oxygen Partial Pressure Ratio." Critical Care Medicine 15, no. 5 (1987): 540. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00003246-198705000-00022.

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5

Bender, KA, JA Alexander, JM Enos, and JW Skimming. "Effects of inhaled nitric oxide in patients with hypoxemia and pulmonary hypertension after cardiac surgery." American Journal of Critical Care 6, no. 2 (1997): 127–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4037/ajcc1997.6.2.127.

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BACKGROUND: Cardiopulmonary bypass can increase pulmonary vascular tone and decrease ventilation-perfusion matching by impairing the pulmonary endothelial production of nitric oxide. OBJECTIVES: We tested the hypothesis that inhalation of exogenous nitric oxide decreases the ratio of mean pulmonary arterial pressure to mean system arterial pressure and the intrapulmonary shunt fraction and increases the ratio of arterial blood oxygen tension to fraction of inspired oxygen in patients in whom the ratio of mean pulmonary arterial pressure to mean systemic arterial pressure is more than 0.50, and

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Pascoe, Peter J., Jan E. Ilkiw, Steve C. Haskins, and John D. Patz. "Cardiopulmonary effects of etomidate in hypovolemic dogs." American Journal of Veterinary Research 53, no. 11 (1992): 2178–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.1992.53.11.2178.

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Summary Cardiopulmonary effects of etomidate administration were studied in hypovolemic dogs. Baseline cardiopulmonary data were recorded from conscious dogs after instrumentation. Hypovolemia was induced by withdrawal of blood from dogs until mean arterial pressure of 60 mm of Hg was achieved. Blood pressure was maintained at 60 mm of Hg for 1 hour, by further removal or replacement of blood. One milligram of etomidate/kg of body weight was then administered iv to 7 dogs, and the cardiopulmonary effects were measured 3, 15, 30, and 60 minutes later. After blood withdrawal and prior to etomida

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7

Ilkiw, Jan E., Steve C. Haskins, and John D. Patz. "Cardiovascular and respiratory effects of thiopental administration in hypovolemic dogs." American Journal of Veterinary Research 52, no. 4 (1991): 576–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.1991.52.04.576.

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SUMMARY The cardiopulmonary effects of thiopental sodium were studied in hypovolemic dogs from completion of until 1 hour after administration of the drug. Hypovolemia was induced by withdrawal of blood from dogs until mean arterial pressure of 60 mm of Hg was achieved. After stabilization at this pressure for 1 hour, 8 mg of thiopental/kg of body weight was administered iv to 7 dogs, and cardiopulmonary effects were measured. After blood withdrawal and prior to thiopental administration, heart rate and oxygen utilization ratio increased, whereas mean arterial pressure, mean pulmonary arterial

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8

Doolette, David J., and Simon J. Mitchell. "Hyperbaric Conditions." Comprehensive Physiology 1, no. 1 (2011): 163–201. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.2040-4603.2011.tb00321.x.

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AbstractExposure to elevated ambient pressure (hyperbaric conditions) occurs most commonly in underwater diving, during which respired gas density and partial pressures, work of breathing, and physiological dead space are all increased. There is a tendency toward hypercapnia during diving, with several potential causes. Most importantly, there may be reduced responsiveness of the respiratory controller to rising arterial CO2, leading to hypoventilation and CO2 retention. Contributory factors may include elevated arterial PO2, inert gas narcosis and an innate (but variable) tendency of the resp

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9

Pascoe, Peter J., Steve C. Haskins, Jan E. Ilkiw, and John D. Patz. "Cardiopulmonary effects of halothane in hypovolemic dogs." American Journal of Veterinary Research 55, no. 1 (1994): 121–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.1994.55.01.121.

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Summary Cardiopulmonary effects of halothane administration were studied in hypovolemic dogs. Baseline cardiopulmonary data were recorded from conscious dogs after instrumentation. Hypovolemia was induced by withdrawal of blood from dogs until mean arterial pressure of 60 mm of Hg was achieved. Blood pressure was maintained at 60 mm of Hg for 1 hour, by further removal or replacement of blood. Halothane was delivered by face mask, dogs were intubated, then halothane end-tidal concentration of 1.13 ± 0.02% was maintained, and cardiopulmonary effects were measured 3, 15, 30, and 60 minutes later

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10

Zavorsky, G. S. "Accuracy of venous blood oxygen pressure depends on arterial blood oxygen pressure." European Respiratory Journal 34, no. 5 (2009): 1207–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/09031936.00097909.

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11

Stewart, Glenn M., Steven Chase, Troy J. Cross, et al. "Effects of an allosteric hemoglobin affinity modulator on arterial blood gases and cardiopulmonary responses during normoxic and hypoxic low-intensity exercise." Journal of Applied Physiology 128, no. 6 (2020): 1467–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00185.2019.

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In humans, a novel allosteric hemoglobin-oxygen affinity modulator was administered to comprehensively examine the cardiopulmonary consequences of stabilizing a portion of the available hemoglobin in a high-oxygen affinity state during submaximal exercise in normoxia and hypoxia. Oral administration of voxelotor enhanced arterial oxygen saturation during submaximal exercise without altering oxygen consumption and central hemodynamics; however, the partial pressure of arterial carbon dioxide was reduced and the partial pressure of arterial oxygen was increased implying that hyperventilation als

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12

Minassian, Aram Ter, Nicolas Poirier, Marc Pierrot, et al. "Correlation between Cerebral Oxygen Saturation Measured by Near-infrared Spectroscopy and Jugular Oxygen Saturation in Patients with Severe Closed Head Injury." Anesthesiology 91, no. 4 (1999): 985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000542-199910000-00018.

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Unlabelled Near-infrared spectroscopy has been used to monitor cerebral oxygen saturation during cerebral circulatory arrest and carotid clamping. However, its utility has not been demonstrated in more complex situations, such as in patients with head injuries. The authors tested this method during conditions that may alter the arteriovenous partition of cerebral blood in different ways. Methods The authors compared changes in measured cerebral oxygen saturation and other hemodynamic parameters, including jugular venous oxygen saturation, in nine patients with severe closed head injury during

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13

Cuvelliez, Sophie G., Steven W. Eicker, Charlene McLauchlan, and David B. Brunson. "Cardiovascular and respiratory effects of inspired oxygen fraction in halothane-anesthetized horses." American Journal of Veterinary Research 51, no. 8 (1990): 1226–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.1990.51.08.1226.

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SUMMARY Anesthesia of equids is associated with pulmonary dysfunction. Cardiovascular and respiratory effects of inhalation anesthetic agents and duration of anesthesia have been studied, using oxygen as the carrier gas. To our knowledge, the effects of inspired oxygen have not been determined. We studied the cardiovascular and respiratory effects of 2 inspired oxygen fractions (0.30 and > 0.85) in 5 laterally recumbent, halothane-anesthetized horses. Mean systemic arterial blood pressure, cardiac output, central venous pressure, pulmonary arterial pressure, arterial pH, and arterial base e

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Lopes, P. C. Ferro, N. Nunes, E. A. Belmonte, et al. "Two levels of the inspired oxygen fraction in propofol-anesthetized dogs with high intracranial pressure: cardiopulmonary function." Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia 66, no. 5 (2014): 1351–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1678-6519.

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In the initial stage of traumatic brain injury, the use of 1.0 inspired oxygen fraction (FiO2) is indicated. However, high FiO2 has been correlated with atelectasis. Thus, the effects of FiO2= 1.0 and FiO2= 0.6 on the cardiopulmonary function in propofol-anesthetized dogs with high intracranial pressure (ICP) were evaluated. Eight dogs were anesthetized on two occasions, receiving, during controlled ventilation, an FiO2= 1 (G100) or an FiO2= 0.6 (G60). Propofol was used for induction (10mg.kg-1) followed by a continuous rate infusion (0.6mg.kg-1.minute-1). An increase in the ICP was induced by

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15

Haskins, Steve C., Tom B. Farver, and John D. Patz. "Ketamine in dogs." American Journal of Veterinary Research 46, no. 9 (1985): 1855–60. https://doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.1985.46.09.1855.

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SUMMARY The cardiopulmonary consequences of ketamine (10 mg/kg, iv) were evaluated in 18 dogs. Heart rate, cardiac output, systemic blood pressure, left ventricular work, oxygen transport, oxygen consumption, carbon dioxide production, and core temperature increased. Breathing rate, minute ventilation, and arterial partial pressure of oxygen transiently decreased. Arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide, alveolar-arterial oxygen gradient, and venous admixture transiently increased. The duration of action of ketamine for surgical anesthesia was short. Muscle tone and salivation were excessi

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16

Tang, Zhe, Ziwei Wang, and Xinbao Wang. "Effect of magnesium sulphate on persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn: a systematic review and meta-analysis." Cardiology in the Young 35, no. 6 (2025): 1225–32. https://doi.org/10.1017/s1047951125100887.

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AbstractObjective:Persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn is a serious disease with significant morbidity and mortality. Magnesium sulphate has been proposed as a potential treatment for persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn, but its efficacy remains unclear. The article aims to evaluate the effects of magnesium sulphate on persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn.Methods:A comprehensive search of PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane Library was conducted to identify relevant studies. The primary outcomes were pulmonary artery pressure and oxygenation index,

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17

Deem, Steven, and Erik R. Swenson. "Anemia and Arterial Partial Pressure of Oxygen." Anesthesiology 92, no. 1 (2000): 284. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000542-200001000-00052.

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18

Nielsen, Vance G. "Anemia and Arterial Partial Pressure of Oxygen." Anesthesiology 92, no. 1 (2000): 284. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000542-200001000-00053.

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19

Oh, Young T., Choung A. Lee, Hang A. Park, et al. "Effectiveness of Chest Compression-Synchronized Ventilation in Patients with Cardiac Arrest." Journal of Clinical Medicine 14, no. 7 (2025): 2394. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14072394.

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Background/Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the optimal ventilation mode during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) by comparing the effects of chest compression-synchronized ventilation (CCSV) and intermittent positive-pressure ventilation (IPPV) on arterial blood gases. Methods: This prospective randomized controlled study included patients presenting with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest who were randomly assigned to the CCSV or IPPV groups. Arterial blood gas analysis was performed at the start of CPR and 10 min after initiating mechanical ventilation. Primary outcomes incl

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20

Nwagbo, Maryjane, Kingsley Okore, Damilola Amoo, et al. "Changes In Cerebral Blood Flow Velocity, Arterial Oxygen Saturation and Myocardial Oxygen Consumption In Healthy Exercising Humans." European Journal of Scientific Research and Reviews 2, no. 3 (2025): 190. https://doi.org/10.5455/ejsrr.20250206012718.

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Abstract Aim: This study investigated the changes in brain blood flow velocity, arterial oxygen saturation and myocardial oxygen consumption in healthy exercising humans. The specific objectives were to determine the blood flow velocities in the middle cerebral artery (MCA), anterior cerebral artery (ACA), and internal carotid artery (ICA), as well as assess blood pressure parameters, heart rate, arterial oxygen saturation, rate pressure product, and myocardial oxygen saturation. Methods: Sixteen healthy individuals (age range: 18-30 years) were recruited for the study. The participants underw

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21

Grap, MJ, C. Glass, M. Corley, and T. Parks. "Endotracheal suctioning: ventilator vs manual delivery of hyperoxygenation breaths." American Journal of Critical Care 5, no. 3 (1996): 192–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4037/ajcc1996.5.3.192.

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BACKGROUND: Despite a large number of studies on endotracheal suctioning, there is little data on the impact of clinically practical hyperoxygenation techniques on physiologic parameters in critically ill patients. OBJECTIVE: To compare the manual and mechanical delivery of hyperoxygenation before and after endotracheal suctioning using methods commonly employed in clinical practice. METHODS: A quasi-experimental design was used, with twenty-nine ventilated patients with a lung injury index of 1.54 (mild-moderate lung injury). Three breaths were given before and after each of two suction cathe

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Garcia Filho, Sergio Grandisoli, Felipe Silveira Rego Monteiro de Andrade, Rosana Souza Thurler dos Santos, et al. "Comparison of Hemodynamic Effects of Dobutamine and Ephedrine Infusions in Isoflurane-Anesthetized Horses." Veterinary Sciences 10, no. 4 (2023): 278. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vetsci10040278.

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The objective of this study was to compare the hemodynamic effects of dobutamine and ephedrine during the management of anesthesia-related hypotension in healthy horses. Thirteen horses underwent general anesthesia with isoflurane and were randomly divided into two different groups, one of which received a dobutamine constant rate infusion (CRI) (1 µg/kg bwt/min) and the other received an ephedrine CRI (20 µg/kg bwt/min) when hypotension (<60 mmHg) was identified, following up to 15 min after the blood pressure reached 70 mmHg. All horses were equipped with a pulmonary artery catheter and a

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23

Laksmivenkateshiah, Srinivas, Anil K. Singhi, Balu Vaidyanathan, Edwin Francis, Sundaram R. Karimassery, and Raman K. Kumar. "Decline in arterial partial pressure of oxygen after exercise: a surrogate marker of pulmonary vascular obstructive disease in patients with atrial septal defect and severe pulmonary hypertension." Cardiology in the Young 21, no. 3 (2011): 292–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1047951110001988.

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AbstractObjectivesTo examine the utility of decline in arterial partial pressure of oxygen after exercise as a marker of pulmonary vascular obstructive disease in patients with atrial septal defect and pulmonary hypertension.MethodsTreadmill exercise was performed in 18 patients with atrial septal defect and pulmonary hypertension. Arterial blood gas samples were obtained before and after peak exercise. A decline in the arterial pressure of oxygen of more than 10 millimetres of mercury after exercise was considered significant based on preliminary tests conducted on the controls. Cardiac cathe

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Onishi, Hirokazu, Tasuku Matsuyama, Yuki Yasutake, et al. "Arterial and Venous Pressure Monitoring during Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation for Out-of-Hospital Arrests: Four Case Reports." Journal of Vascular Diseases 2, no. 4 (2023): 393–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jvd2040030.

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Background: A new physiological monitoring system that simultaneously measures femoral arterial pressure, femoral venous pressure, and cerebral tissue oxygen saturation during CPR was used to evaluate the quality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation. In this case report, we would like to present four representative cases with this physiological monitoring system during CPR. Cases: We invasively measured femoral arterial pressure and femoral venous pressure if catheters were immediately inserted into the femoral artery and femoral vein for potential candidates who required extracorporeal cardiopulm

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Wilson, D. V., and A. M. McFeely. "Positive end-expiratory pressure during colic surgery in horses: 74 cases (1986-1988)." Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 199, no. 7 (1991): 917–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.2460/javma.1991.199.07.917.

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Summary Positive end-expiratory pressure (peep) was applied in 74 anesthetized, ventilated horses during colic surgery, to attempt to increase arterial oxygen tensions. In 28 horses with an initial < 70 mm of Hg, peep increased values to a mean of 173 ± 24 mm of Hg. Arterial oxygen content increased from 14.1 ± 0.05 ml/dl to 17.2 ± 0.05 ml/dl. In the remaining 46 horses, peep increased from a mean value of 101 ± 6 mm of Hg to 194 ± 15 mm of Hg, and arterial oxygen content increased from 14.9 ± 0.09 ml/dl to 16.9 ± 0.07 ml/dl. Cardiovascular depression and decrease in arterial blood pressure

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26

Jacobson, John D., Charles J. McGrath, and Eric P. Smith. "Cardiorespiratory effects of induction and maintenance of anesthesia with ketamine-midazolam combination, with and without prior administration of butorphanol or oxymorphone." American Journal of Veterinary Research 55, no. 4 (1994): 543–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.1994.55.04.543.

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Summary Cardiorespiratory effects of an iv administered bolus of ketamine (7.5 mg/kg of body weight) and midazolam (0.375 mg/kg) followed by iv infusion of ketamine (200 μg/kg/min) and midazolam (10 μg/kg/min) for 60 minutes was determined in 6 dogs. Ketamine-midazolam combination was administered to dogs on 3 occasions to determine effects of prior administration of iv administered saline solution (1 ml), butorphanol (0.2 mg/kg), or oxymorphone (0.1 mg/kg). The infusion rate of ketamine and midazolam was decreased by 25% for anesthetic maintenance after opioid administration. There were no si

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27

Funk, Wolfgang, and Verena Baldinger. "Microcirculatory Perfusion during Volume Therapy." Anesthesiology 82, no. 4 (1995): 975–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000542-199504000-00022.

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Background Because of the passage of water and salt molecules into the interstitial space, volume replacement with crystalloid solutions requires an amount at least four times that of lost blood. The resulting tissue edema may interfere with nutritive capillary perfusion and oxygen delivery. To prove this hypothesis, the effects of isovolemic hemodilution (hematocrit 30%) with Ringer's lactate solution or dextran 60 on tissue perfusion and oxygenation were investigated in awake Syrian golden hamsters. Methods Experiments were performed by using a chronic dorsal skinfold window giving access to

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Ransbæk, Flemming, Soren B. Hansen, Erle H. Austin, and William P. Santamore. "Effects of positive pressure ventilation and inspired oxygen on pulmonary vascular resistance and tissue oxygen delivery in neonatal pigs." Cardiology in the Young 8, no. 1 (1998): 71–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1047951100004662.

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AbstractManagement of pulmonary vascular resistance in neonates with congenital heart disease is important for stabilization before and after surgical interventions. Thus, we determined which combina tion of positive end-expiratory pressure ventilation and fraction of oxygen in the inspired air increases pulmonary vascular resistance without compromising delivery of oxygen to the tissue. Eight piglets were anesthetized, intubated and ventilated. Pulmonary flow and pulmonary arterial and left atrial pressures were monitored continuously. At all levels of inspired oxygen (1.00, 0.21 and 0.15), v

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Marsh, T. David, Shirley A. Wilkerson, and Larry N. Cook. "Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Selection Criteria: Partial Pressure of Arterial Oxygen Versus Alveolar-Arterial Oxygen Gradient." Pediatrics 82, no. 2 (1988): 162–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.82.2.162.

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Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) has dramatically increased the survival rate of hypoxemic neonates who are unresponsive to maximum conventional medical therapy. Because ECMO involves multiple risks, including ligation of the right common carotid artery and right internal jugular vein, ECMO candidates should be neurologically intact neonates with a high probability of death despite maximum conventional ventilatory support. Currently, criteria based on the calculated alveolar-arterial oxygen gradient (A-aDo2) have replaced the neonatal pulmonary insufficiency index for predicting mort

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Yurtseven, Nurgul, Pelin Karaca, Mehmet Kaplan, et al. "Effect of Nitroglycerin Inhalation on Patients with Pulmonary Hypertension Undergoing Mitral Valve Replacement Surgery." Anesthesiology 99, no. 4 (2003): 855–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000542-200310000-00017.

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Background The aim of this study was to investigate the postoperative hemodynamic effects of nitroglycerin inhalation on patients with pulmonary hypertension undergoing mitral valve replacement surgery. Methods Twenty patients who underwent mitral valve replacement surgery were included in the study. In the surgical intensive care unit, at T0 (before the inhalation of nitroglycerin), basal systemic and pulmonary hemodynamics were recorded. Then, 2.5 microg x kg-1 x min-1 nitroglycerin liquid nebulized by a 2-l gas flow of 40% oxygen and air mixture was administered to the patients who were dia

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Stick, J. A., W. A. Arden, C. C. Chou, A. H. Parks, M. A. Wagner, and C. C. Johnston. "Effects of flunixin meglumine on jejunal blood flow, motility, and oxygen consumption in ponies." American Journal of Veterinary Research 49, no. 7 (1988): 1173–78. https://doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.1988.49.07.1173.

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SUMMARY Using isolated autoperfused intestinal segments, the effects of flunixin meglumine administration on systemic arterial blood pressure, jejunal blood flow, vascular resistance, motility, arteriovenous oxygen difference, and oxygen consumption were determined in 10 anesthetized ponies ventilated with a mixture of halothane and oxygen. Saline solution or flunixin meglumine (1.1 mg/kg of body weight) was infused as a single bolus into the left jugular vein. By 10 minutes, flunixin meglumine increased systemic arterial blood pressure and increased intestinal vascular resistance. The jejunal

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Haskins, Steve C., John D. Patz, and Tom B. Farver. "Xylazine and xylazine-ketamine in dogs." American Journal of Veterinary Research 47, no. 3 (1986): 636–41. https://doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.1986.47.03.636.

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SUMMARY The cardiopulmonary consequences of iv administered xylazine (1.0 mg/kg) followed by ketamine (10 mg/kg) were evaluated in 12 dogs. Xylazine caused significant decreases in heart rate, cardiac output, left ventricular work, breathing rate, minute ventilation, physiologic dead space, oxygen transport, mixed venous partial pressure of oxygen, and oxygen concentration. It caused significant increases in systemic blood pressure, central venous pressure, systemic vascular resistance, tidal volume, and oxygen utilization ratio. The subsequent administration of ketamine was associated with si

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Atkins, Clarke E., Bruce W. Keene, Sheila M. McGuirk, and Takashi Sato. "Acute effect of hydralazine administration on pulmonary artery hemodynamics in dogs with chronic heartworm disease." American Journal of Veterinary Research 55, no. 2 (1994): 262–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.1994.55.02.262.

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Summary In an effort to better understand the role of vasodilators in the management of pulmonary hypertension associated with chronic heartworm disease (hwd), pulmonary hemodynamic measurements were obtained from 7 experimentally infected, anesthetized dogs before and after hydralazine administration (mean dose, 1.96 mg/kg of body weight). Five dogs were maintained on room air, while 2 were maintained on 100% oxygen during the hydralazine study. The hemodynamic effect of hydralazine in dogs with hwd was evaluated, using heart rate, cardiac index, mean pulmonary artery pressure, mean arterial

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34

Ramamoorthy, Chandra, Sarah Tabbutt, C. Dean Kurth, et al. "Effects of Inspired Hypoxic and Hypercapnic Gas Mixtures on Cerebral Oxygen Saturation in Neonates with Univentricular Heart Defects." Anesthesiology 96, no. 2 (2002): 283–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000542-200202000-00010.

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Background Neonates with functional single ventricle often require hypoxic or hypercapnic inspired gas mixtures to reduce pulmonary overcirculation and improve systemic perfusion. Although the impact of these treatments on arterial oxygen saturation has been described, the effects on cerebral oxygenation remain uncertain. This study examined the effect of these treatments on cerebral oxygen saturation and systemic hemodynamics. Methods Neonates with single ventricle mechanically ventilated with room air were enrolled in a randomized crossover trial of 17% inspired oxygen or 3% inspired carbon

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McIntosh, D., MM Baun, and J. Rogge. "Effects of lung hyperinflation and presence of positive end-expiratory pressure on arterial and tissue oxygenation during endotracheal suctioning." American Journal of Critical Care 2, no. 4 (1993): 317–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4037/ajcc1993.2.4.317.

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PURPOSE: To explore the effects of endotracheal suctioning on mixed venous oxygen tension and other measures of arterial and tissue oxygenation, to determine if these would be clinically useful outcome measures of endotracheal suctioning. BACKGROUND: Measuring arterial oxygenation only as an outcome of endotracheal suctioning can be misleading in that it may appear adequate in the presence of marked decreases in mixed venous oxygen tension, a good indicator of the adequacy of tissue oxygenation. METHODS: Eighteen instrumented and oleic acid-injured animal models of acute respiratory failure un

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Collins, Julie-Ann, Aram Rudenski, John Gibson, Luke Howard, and Ronan O’Driscoll. "Relating oxygen partial pressure, saturation and content: the haemoglobin–oxygen dissociation curve." Breathe 11, no. 3 (2015): 194–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/20734735.001415.

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Key PointsIn clinical practice, the level of arterial oxygenation can be measured either directly by blood gas sampling to measure partial pressure (PaO2) and percentage saturation (SaO2) or indirectly by pulse oximetry (SpO2).This review addresses the strengths and weaknesses of each of these tests and gives advice on their clinical use.The haemoglobin–oxygen dissociation curve describing the relationship between oxygen partial pressure and saturation can be modelled mathematically and routinely obtained clinical data support the accuracy of a historical equation used to describe this relatio

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Izzat, Mohammad Bashar, Farouk Almohammad, and Ahmad Fahed Raslan. "Off-pump grafting does not reduce postoperative pulmonary dysfunction." Asian Cardiovascular and Thoracic Annals 25, no. 2 (2017): 113–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0218492316689350.

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Objectives Pulmonary dysfunction is a recognized postoperative complication that may be linked to use of cardiopulmonary bypass. The off-pump technique of coronary artery bypass aims to avoid some of the complications that may be related to cardiopulmonary bypass. In this study, we compared the influence of on-pump or off-pump coronary artery bypass on pulmonary gas exchange following routine surgery. Methods Fifty patients (mean age 60.4 ± 8.4 years) with no preexisting lung disease and good left ventricular function undergoing primary coronary artery bypass grafting were prospectively random

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Levine, B. D., K. Kubo, T. Kobayashi, M. Fukushima, T. Shibamoto, and G. Ueda. "Role of barometric pressure in pulmonary fluid balance and oxygen transport." Journal of Applied Physiology 64, no. 1 (1988): 419–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1988.64.1.419.

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To examine the role of barometric pressure in high-altitude pulmonary edema, we randomly exposed five unanesthetized chronically instrumented sheep with lung lymph fistulas in a decompression chamber to each of three separate conditions: hypobaric hypoxia, normobaric hypoxia, and normoxic hypobaria. A combination of slow decompression and/or simultaneous adjustment of inspired PO2 provided three successive stages of simulated altitudes of 2,600, 4,600, and 6,600 m during which hemodynamics and lymph flow were monitored. Under both hypoxic conditions we noted significant and equivalent elevatio

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Weaver, Lindell K., Steve Howe, Gregory L. Snow, and Kayla Deru. "Arterial and pulmonary arterial hemodynamics and oxygen delivery/extraction in normal humans exposed to hyperbaric air and oxygen." Journal of Applied Physiology 107, no. 1 (2009): 336–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.91012.2008.

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Divers and hyperbaric chamber attendants breathe hyperbaric air routinely. Hyperbaric oxygen (HBO2) is used therapeutically frequently. Although much is understood about the hemodynamic physiology and gas exchange effects during hyperbaric air and HBO2 exposure, arterial and pulmonary arterial (PA) catheter data, including blood gas values during hyperbaric air and HBO2 exposure of normal humans, have not been reported. We exposed 10 healthy volunteers instrumented with arterial and PA catheters to air at 0.85, 3.0, 2.5, 2.0, 1.3 (decompression stop), 1.12 (decompression stop), and 0.85 atm ab

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Dobbin, K., S. Wallace, J. Ahlberg, and M. Chulay. "Pulmonary artery pressure measurement in patients with elevated pressures: effect of backrest elevation and method of measurement." American Journal of Critical Care 1, no. 2 (1992): 61–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4037/ajcc1992.1.2.61.

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OBJECTIVE: To determine whether pulmonary artery pressure measurement is accurate if the head of the bed is elevated; to compare the end-expiratory graphic recording and digital monitor methods for pulmonary artery pressure measurement; to determine whether either mean arterial pressure or mixed venous oxygen saturation changes during backrest elevation. DESIGN: Nonrandomized clinical trial. SETTING: A six-bed cardiac surgical intensive care unit of a 540-bed federal facility. POPULATION: Twenty-five postoperative cardiac surgical patients with elevated pulmonary artery pressures (systolic hig

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Yee, Archie L., and Erdem I. Cantekin. "Effect of Changes in Systemic Oxygen Tension on Middle Ear Gas Exchange." Annals of Otology, Rhinology & Laryngology 95, no. 4 (1986): 369–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000348948609500409.

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The effect of alterations in the systemic oxygen tension on middle ear (ME) gas exchange was studied in three juvenile rhesus monkeys ( Macaca mulatta) using five different inspired oxygen concentrations ranging from 15% to 100%. The anesthetized animals were ventilated for 4 hours, breathing the set of predetermined, constant oxygen-nitrogen gas mixtures. During this period, arterial and venous oxygen and carbon dioxide partial pressures were measured at 30-minute intervals; total ME gas pressure was determined indirectly using tympanometry at 10-minute intervals. Systemic oxygen blood gas te

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Alkan, Selman, Murat Çakır, Mustafa Şentürk, et al. "Changes in cerebral oxygen saturation with the Trendelenburg position and increased intraabdominal pressure in laparocopic rectal surgery." Turkish Journal of Surgery 39, no. 1 (2023): 57–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.47717/turkjsurg.2023.5890.

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Objective: Position changes and increased intra-abdominal pressure in laparoscopic interventions lead to some physiopathological changes. There is no definite information in the literature regarding cerebral oxygen saturation in patients undergoing colorectal surgery. Our aim was to investigate whether there is oxygen saturation change in the brain tissue in pneumoperitoneum and the Trendelenburg position during laparoscopic rectal surgery. Material and Methods: Cerebral oxygen saturation was measured in 35 patients who underwent laparoscopic rectal surgery in the Trendelenburg position. Measu

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Noll, ML, and JF Byers. "Comparison of SVO2, SpO2, and clinical parameters with arterial blood gases during ventilatory weaning after cardiac surgery." American Journal of Critical Care 3, no. 5 (1994): 353–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4037/ajcc1994.3.5.353.

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Correlations of mixed venous and arterial oxygen saturation, heart rate, respiratory rate, and mean arterial pressure with arterial blood gas variables were computed for 57 sets of data obtained from 30 postoperative coronary artery bypass graft patients who were being weaned from mechanical ventilation. Arterial oxygen saturation and respiratory rate correlated significantly, although moderately, with blood gases.

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Yucepur, Serkan, Ali Bestami Kepekci, Akif Erbin, and Ecder Ozenc. "Effects of lithotomy and prone positions on hemodynamic parameters, respiratory mechanics, and arterial oxygenation in percutaneous nephrolithotomy performed under general anesthesia." Folia Medica 65, no. 3 (2023): 427–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/folmed.65.e81068.

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Aim: The position of the body during surgery may affect the patient’s body functions, especially the hemodynamic parameters. We aimed to comparatively analyze the effects of lithotomy and prone position on respiratory mechanics, arterial oxygenation, and hemodynamic parameters in patients who underwent percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PNL). Materials and methods: The study included 40 patients aged 16-63 years who underwent kidney stone surgery. The patients had no history of diabetes or cardiopulmonary disease and had an American Society of Anesthesiology (ASA) score of I–II. The pH, partial art

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Bitterman, Haim, Noemi Bitterman, Yehuda Melamed, and Leon Cohen. "Effects of hyperbaric oxygen in circulatory shock induced by splanchnic artery occlusion and reperfusion in rats." Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 67, no. 9 (1989): 1033–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/y89-163.

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We studied the effects of hyperbaric oxygen in a severe model of circulatory shock induced by occlusion and reperfusion of major splanchnic arteries (splanchnic artery occlusion (SAO) shock). Pentobarbital-anesthetized rats subjected to total occlusion of the superior mesenteric and the celiac arteries for 40 min developed a severe shock state, resulting in a uniformly fatal outcome after release of the occlusion. Exposure to hyperbaric oxygen at 2 ATA (atmosphere absolute) (1 ATA = 0.1 MPa) was initiated immediately after reperfusion. SAO shock rats exposed to hyperbaric oxygen maintained mea

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Rumsey, W. L., M. Pawlowski, N. Lejavardi, and D. F. Wilson. "Oxygen pressure distribution in the heart in vivo and evaluation of the ischemic "border zone"." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 266, no. 4 (1994): H1676—H1680. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.1994.266.4.h1676.

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Quantitation of the oxygen pressure distribution in the heart provides an accurate definition of metabolically viable cells adjacent to ischemic injury. By injection of a phosphorescent oxygen probe into the blood of newborn piglets and illumination of the heart with monochromatic light, a series of images of the heart were collected with use of a gated intensified CCD camera. These sets of images were used to calculate two-dimensional maps of the oxygen pressure in the epicardial microvasculature. Occlusion of a distal arterial vessel resulted in a hypoxic area containing a central focus of n

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Horne, W. A., D. R. Gilmore, A. E. Dietze, G. O. Freden, and C. E. Short. "Effects of gastric distention-volvulus on coronary blood flow and myocardial oxygen consumption in the dog." American Journal of Veterinary Research 46, no. 1 (1985): 98–104. https://doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.1985.46.01.98.

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SUMMARY Gastric distention-volvulus (gdv; at 50 mm of Hg gastric inflation pressure) was experimentally induced in 8 dogs anesthetized using pentobarbital. Hemodynamic indices including heart rate, mean arterial pressure, cardiac output, and coronary blood flow (4 dogs) were measured during a 20-minute period of gdv and for 10 minutes after decompression. Arterial and coronary venous oxygen tensions were also measured for calculation of myocardial oxygen extraction (7 dogs) and myocardial oxygen consumption (4 dogs). Dogs were monitored for 72 hours postoperatively for the occurrence of arrhyt

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Jacobson, John D., Charles J. McGrath, Jeff C. H. Ko, and Eric P. Smith. "Cardiorespiratory effects of glycopyrrolate-butorphanol-xylazine combination, with and without nasal administration of oxygen in dogs." American Journal of Veterinary Research 55, no. 6 (1994): 835–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.1994.55.06.835.

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Summary Cardiopulmonary consequences of iv administered glycopyrrolate (0.01 mg/kg of body weight), followed in 11 ± 2 minutes by butorphanol (0.2 mg/ kg) and xylazine (0.5 mg/kg), were evaluated in 6 dogs, with and without nasal administration of oxygen (100 ml/kg/min). Glycopyrrolate caused significant (P < 0.05) increases in heart rate and cardiac index and significant (P < 0.05) decreases in stroke index. Subsequent administration of butorphanol and xylazine was associated with significant (P < 0.05) increases in systemic vascular resistance, mean arterial blood pressure, mean pul

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Takeuchi, Muneyuki, Sven Goddon, Marisa Dolhnikoff, et al. "Set Positive End-expiratory Pressure during Protective Ventilation Affects Lung Injury." Anesthesiology 97, no. 3 (2002): 682–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000542-200209000-00023.

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Background The most appropriate method of determining positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) level during a lung protective ventilatory strategy has not been established. Methods In a lavage-injured sheep acute respiratory distress syndrome model, the authors compared the effects of three approaches to determining PEEP level after a recruitment maneuver: (1) 2 cm H(2)O above the lower inflection point on the inflation pressure-volume curve, (2) at the point of maximum curvature on the deflation pressure-volume curve, and (3) at the PEEP level that maintained target arterial oxygen partial pre

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Markstrom, Agneta M., Michael Lichtwarck-Aschoff, Bjorn A. Svensson, K. Anders Nordgren, and Ulf H. Sjostrand. "Ventilation with Constant Versus Decelerating Inspiratory Flow in Experimentally Induced Acute Respiratory Failure." Anesthesiology 84, no. 4 (1996): 882–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000542-199604000-00016.

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Background Recognition of the potential for ventilator-associated lung injury has renewed the debate on the importance of the inspiratory flow pattern. The aim of this study was to determine whether a ventilatory pattern with decelerating inspiratory flow, with the major part of the tidal volume delivered early, would increase functional residual capacity at unchanged (or even reduced) inspiratory airway pressures and improve gas exchange at different positive end-expiratory pressure levels. Methods Surfactant depletion was induced by repeated bronchoalveolar lavage in 13 anesthetized piglets.

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