Academic literature on the topic 'Article 50 of the Treaty on European Union'

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Journal articles on the topic "Article 50 of the Treaty on European Union"

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Dixon, Dennis. "Article 50 and Member State Sovereignty." German Law Journal 19, no. 4 (2018): 901–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2071832200022914.

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Article 50 of the Treaty on European Union was originally viewed by national constitutional courts as an important provision for upholding state sovereignty. The German Constitutional Court emphasized the provision in its reconciliation of the Lisbon Treaty with state sovereignty. The Czech and Latvian Constitutional Courts saw Article 50 as creating a balanced process for the exercise of the sovereign right to withdraw from the European Union. Prior to the Brexit referendum, there was little doubt in the literature that an Article 50 agreement could address the entirety of the future relation
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Mastan Narimanzade, Gulu. "BROAD LEGAL ANALYSIS OF THE ARTICLE 50 OF THE TREATY ON EUROPEAN UNION." SCIENTIFIC WORK 53, no. 04 (2020): 125–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.36719/aem/2007-2020/53/125-130.

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Barata, Mario. "Brexit and the limits of Article 50 Treaty of the European Union." Open Political Science 3, no. 1 (2020): 165–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/openps-2020-0013.

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AbstractThis article aims to analyse the limits of Article 50 of the Treaty of the European Union (TEU) which expressly consecrates a Member State’s unilateral right to leave the Union. However, the provision seems to raise more questions than it answers due to the lack of concrete legal guidelines, and Brexit has underlined this reality. For example, the exit procedure contemplates the possibility of signing a withdrawal agreement with the European Union (EU), but it does not discipline its content. In our opinion, any agreement must regulate three questions: fundamental rights, financial set
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Huysmans, Martijn. "Enlargement and exit: The origins of Article 50." European Union Politics 20, no. 2 (2019): 155–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1465116519830202.

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Many international organizations and the vast majority of federations lack exit clauses. Existing theoretical explanations of this stylized fact focus on issues of credible commitment, signaling, and the risk of strategic exploitation. However, such accounts are unable to explain the adoption of Article 50 by the European Union, which allows unilateral withdrawal. I theorize and demonstrate empirically that in the case of the European Union, an exit-voice logic lies at its origin during the 2002–2003 European Convention. As a protection to undesired policy changes post entry, countries of the
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Waibel, Michael. "Brexit and Acquired Rights." AJIL Unbound 111 (2017): 440–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/aju.2017.98.

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On March 29, 2017, the U.K. Government triggered Article 50 of the Treaty on European Union (TEU) on withdrawal from the European Union following a referendum on June 23, 2016 in which 51.89 percent voted for the United Kingdom to leave the European Union. As a hybrid provision, the much-discussed withdrawal provision in Article 50 TEU is part of EU law yet also anchored in public international law. Although the European Union is a unique, supranational organization that creates rights for individuals that are directly effective in national law, its member states created the European Union bas
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Calliess, Christian. "50 Jahre Europäischer Rat – „Intergouvernementalisierung“ der Europäischen Union?" integration 48, no. 2 (2025): 129–43. https://doi.org/10.5771/0720-5120-2025-2-129.

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With the Treaty of Lisbon, the European Council became an institution of the European Union (EU) that is fully integrated into the institutional framework. In this way, the originally intergovernmental institution was linked to the supranational decision-making centre of the EU. This is associated with shifts in the institutional power structure, which are to be resolved by the legal role ascribed to it as the political governing body of the member states in the EU, which is explicitly not permitted to act as a legislator. Nevertheless, the European Council competes with the Commission as a po
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BOCANCEA, Cristian. "Brexit - Between the Ideology of Euroscepticism and the 'Innocence' of the Treaty on European Union." Anuarul Universitatii "Petre Andrei" din Iasi - Fascicula: Drept, Stiinte Economice, Stiinte Politice 28 (December 10, 2021): 43–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.18662/upalaw/65.

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Built on the values of freedom and prosperity, democracy and peace, the European Union has created over time a huge constitutional framework, culminating in the Lisbon Treaty, adopted in 2007 and known as the Treaty on European Union. It reflected the will of the then 27 Member States to live together in a cohesive society, guided by the principle of subsidiarity, and to offer neighboring countries the opportunity to join the Union. As regards EU enlargement, the procedure was laid down in principle in Article 49 TEU; for reasons of symmetry, the Treaty introduced Article 50 to cover the possi
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Alvim, Mariana. "The right to withdraw the notification to leave the European Union under article 50 TEU: can we still save the marriage?" UNIO – EU Law Journal 3, no. 2 (2019): 139–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.21814/unio.3.2.11.

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Article 50 TEU has caused considerable interest following its introduction in EU law, but mostly since the UK voted in favour of leaving the Union, a vote that provoked its first ever activation. However, this Article raises a few unanswered questions, such as if a Member State that formally notifies to the European Council of its intention to leave the EU, can it subsequently change its mind about this decision during the two-year period established in the Treaty. In the first part of the article, I intend to put the notification to leave the European Union under Article 50 of the TEU in pers
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Grochalski, Stefan Marek. "„Brexit” – konsekwencje dla obywateli Wielkiej Brytanii jako eksobywateli Unii Europejskiej." Opolskie Studia Administracyjno-Prawne 14, no. 4 (1) (2016): 9–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.25167/osap.1317.

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The results of the referendum regarding the UK leaving the European Union indicated that the majority of British citizens, who are also citizens of the EU, decided to leave the European Union. The citizens’ decision has serious legal consequences arising from Article 50 of the Lisbon Treaty. This is the first case of a state leaving the European Union, which raises many questions. In the presented material, the institution of referendum is being analyzed as a form of direct democracy as well as, in this context, the effects of Brexit affecting directly the citizens of Great Britain – ex-citize
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Watson, Margaret. "The Changing Role of European Documentation Centres and How ‘Brexit’ Might Affect the Network." Legal Information Management 17, no. 3 (2017): 146–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1472669617000305.

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AbstractEuropean Documentation Centres (EDCs) are neutral collections of official publications of the European Union, open to the public and normally housed in academic institutions throughout the European Union (EU). EDC status entitles the host organisation to receive one copy of the most significant publications and documents of the EU. The EDC network goes back to 1963, and its primary purpose has always been the support of academic research into European integration. The decision to trigger Article 50 of the Treaty on European Union clearly raises questions about role of the EDCs in the U
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Article 50 of the Treaty on European Union"

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Merikas, Stefanos. "Tramp shipping pools under the scope of Article 101 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union." Thesis, University of Reading, 2017. http://centaur.reading.ac.uk/78144/.

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For almost fifty years (1957-2006), the application of competition rules vis-a-vis tramp maritime services was paradoxical. Following a legal limbo rooted in the Treaty of Rome and in Regulation 4056/86/ tramp maritime services were excluded from the scope of regulations implementing competition law provisions, and the European Commission was deprived of applying competition rules to the sector. Regulation 1419/20062 terminated the discrepancy, but raised concerns in relation to the treatment of the principal form of cooperation between tramp operators, i.e. the tramp shipping pool, because of
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Lista, Andrea. "The application of Article 101 of the Treaty of Lisbon to forms of horizontal collaboration in the Financial Services Sector." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2011. http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/8558.

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Since the dawn of the European Union, insurance and banking undertakings claimed to be subject to a special status vis-à-vis the application of EU competition law, due to the quasi social nature of the services they provide. Within the financial services industry, anti-trust concerns do arise in relation to mergers and acquisitions, possible abuses of dominant position and state aid; however Art. 101 TFEU and the regulation of forms of co-operation arguably represent the paramount and most intricate aspects of the application of the EU competition rules to the financial services sector. This i
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Wronka, Christoph [Verfasser]. "The relevance of industry self-regulation in the light of the principle of subsidiarity enshrined in Article 5 paragraph 3 Treaty on the European Union with particular regard to advertising / Christoph Wronka." München : GRIN Verlag, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1220357189/34.

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Zanobetti, Leonardo. "To what extent have the EU referendum announcement and the Brexit result had a negative impact on the UK’s economy?" Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2017. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/13838/.

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On 23 June 2016, the British people decided to leave the European Union in a referendum that has inaugurated a period of considerable uncertainty. Before the vote, national and international organisations warned against the negative long-term implications that such an unprecedented decision could have for the UK’s economy, and generally for the everyday life of its citizens. This dissertation shall focus on the short-term implications of Brexit instead. Following the announcement of the referendum, and especially after the vote to leave, there have already been some negative consequences for t
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Rúbio, Artur Manuel Dias. "As consequências do Brexit no Direito da Concorrência." Master's thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.14/31985.

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Destruído materialmente e devastado economicamente devido ao impacto da Segunda Guerra Mundial, desde cedo que no continente europeu surgiram vozes a favor da criação de instituições comuns de modo a garantir que a Europa jamais seria palco de tamanho conflito. Foi neste sentido que foi proferida a Declaração realizada por Robert Schuman, em Paris, em 09 de maio de 1950, em que este acabou por fundar os alicerces do que é hoje a atual União Europeia. Após a crise económica e financeira de 2008 que assolou a Europa, a UE, a Zona Euro e Portugal em particular, que trouxe consigo a maior recessã
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POIARES, PESSOA MADURO Luis Miguel. "We the Court : the European Court of Justice, the European economic constitution and article 30 of the EC treaty." Doctoral thesis, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/4753.

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RODGER, Barry J. "The control of oligopolistic markets and the concept of a collective dominant position under article 86 of the EC treaty : a comparative study of the law and policy of the European Community, the United States and the United Kingdom." Doctoral thesis, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/5683.

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Cruz, Ana Sofia de Jesus. "O Direito de Saída sob o Artigo 50 do Tratado da União Europeia A Possibilidade de Revogação da Notificação de Saída." Master's thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10316/92801.

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Dissertação de Mestrado em Ciências Jurídico-Forenses apresentada à Faculdade de Direito<br>The article 50 of the European Union Treaty it’s an innovation, by itself, in the middle of the international law, once it gives a clear prevision about the possibility a Member State have to withdraw from the compromise with the European Union and its member states. However this innovation it’s even clearer once United Kingdom decided to use it after the 2016 referendum, where most british voted in favour of a withdraw. The clear interpretation of this right to withdraw cannot be transported respond to
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Oda, Dzhamil. "FIFA ban of third party ownership of football players´ economic rights and article 101 of the treaty on the functioning of the European Union." Master's thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.14/27668.

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CHVÁTALOVÁ, Karolína. "Právní aspekty vystoupení z EU." Master's thesis, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-403718.

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The thesis Legal Aspects of Withdrawal from the EU is divided into two parts. The theoretical part sums up the legislation of the withdrawal according to article 5O of the Lisbon Treaty. There is also an example of withdrawal from the EU before the article 50 has been even applied. The section dedicated to the practical results attained from the research was completed by analysing existing preferential agreements, which the UK has owing to EU, as any other member state. Then the same analysis has been carried out with existing preferential agreements, that the UK concluded with third countries
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Books on the topic "Article 50 of the Treaty on European Union"

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Vlad, Constantinesco, Gautier Yves, and Simon Denys, eds. Traités d'Amsterdam et de Nice: Commentaire article par article. Economica, 2007.

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Vlad, Constantinesco, Kovar Robert, and Simon Denys, eds. Traité sur l'Union européenne, signé à Maastricht le 7 février 1992: Commentaire article par article. Economica, 1995.

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Balthasar, Alexander, and Johannes W. Pichler. Open dialogue between EU institutions and citizens: Chances and challenges : proceedings of a series of workshops on article 11 (2) TEU in Brussels 2011/2012. Publication in Austria, Neuer Wissenschaftlicher Verlag, 2013.

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Helen, Meenan, ed. Equality law for an enlarged Europe: Understanding the Article 13 directives. Cambridge University Press, 2007.

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Great Britain. Parliament. House of Lords. Select Committee on the European Union. The future of Europe: Constitutional treaty-draft article 31 and draft articles from part 2 (freedom, security and justice). Stationery Office, 2003.

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Díaz de Guereñu Aldama, Rosa María., ed. 1957-2007, 50 años desde los Tratados de Roma. Servicio Editorial de la Universidad del País Vasco, 2008.

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Statistical Office of the European Communities and European Commission, eds. Statistical portrait of the European Union 2007: 50 years of the Treaty of Rome establishing the European Economic Community. Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, 2006.

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Maduro, Miguel Poiares. We the court: The European Court of Justice and the European Economic Constitution : a critical reading of Article 30 of the EC Treaty. Hart Pub., 1998.

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Commission, European. Adapting the institutions to make a success of enlargement: Commission opinion in accordance with Article 48 of the Treaty on European Union on the calling of a conference of representatives of the governments of the member states to amend the treaties : document drawn up on the basis of COM(2000) 34. Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, 2000.

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Communities, European. Convention based on article K.3 of the treaty on European Union, on the establishment of a European Police Office (Europol convention): Brussels 26 July 1995. Stationery Office, 2000.

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Book chapters on the topic "Article 50 of the Treaty on European Union"

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Blanke, Hermann-Josef, and Stelio Mangiameli. "Article 50 [Voluntary Withdrawal from the Union]." In The Treaty on European Union (TEU). Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-31706-4_51.

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Skoutaris, Nikos. "Article 50 of the Treaty on European Union." In The Routledge Handbook of Self-Determination and Secession. Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003036593-41.

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Xuereb, Peter G. "Article 50 [Implementation of the Freedom of Establishment]." In Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union - A Commentary. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-43511-0_51.

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Circolo, Andrea, Ondrej Hamuľák, and Ondrej Blažo. "Article 50 of the Treaty on European Union: How to Understand the ‘Right’ of the Member State to Withdraw the European Union?" In Brexit. Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-73414-9_12.

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Duff, Andrew. "Article 50." In Britain and the Puzzle of European Union. Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003202219-7.

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Blanke, Hermann-Josef, and Stelio Mangiameli. "Article 48 [Treaty Revision Procedures]." In The Treaty on European Union (TEU). Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-31706-4_49.

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Blanke, Hermann-Josef, and Stelio Mangiameli. "Article 14 [The European Parliament]." In The Treaty on European Union (TEU). Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-31706-4_15.

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Blanke, Hermann-Josef, and Stelio Mangiameli. "Article 15 [The European Council]." In The Treaty on European Union (TEU). Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-31706-4_16.

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Blanke, Hermann-Josef, and Stelio Mangiameli. "Article 17 [The European Commission]." In The Treaty on European Union (TEU). Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-31706-4_18.

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Blanke, Hermann-Josef, and Stelio Mangiameli. "Article 10 [Representative Democracy]." In The Treaty on European Union (TEU). Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-31706-4_11.

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Conference papers on the topic "Article 50 of the Treaty on European Union"

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Golovko, Liudmyla, Olena Gulac, Iryna Siuiva, Elina Pozniak, and Olena Shompol. "EVOLUTION OF THE COMMON AGRICULTURAL POLICY OF THE EU." In 24th SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference 2024. STEF92 Technology, 2024. https://doi.org/10.5593/sgem2024/5.1/s23.96.

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The agricultural sector is an important strategic branch of any economy. Food security and food independence of the state are the key to ensuring the national security of the state. This fact became especially evident during Russia's aggression against Ukraine, which, among other things, affected the global food market. The Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) is one of the oldest policies of the European Community, as it was launched in 1957 by the Treaty of Rome, signed by six countries (Germany, France, Italy, the Netherlands, Belgium and Luxembourg), which were about the creation of the Europe
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Makaturová, Martina. "Vývoj pôsobnosti Európskej únie v oblasti trestného práva." In Naděje právní vědy 2023. University of West Bohemia, Czech Republic, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.24132/zcu.nadeje.2023.409-418.

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This article is explaining the most important milestones in development of European Union’s competence in the field of criminal law. The beginning of European integration starts with the Schuman declaration which was the base of Treaty establishing the European Coal and Steel Community in 1952. Then the economic integration continued and the Treaty establishing the European Economic Community and the Treaty establishing European Atomic Energy Community were signed in Rome in 1957. For the field of criminal law, the most important revisions of founding agreements were the Maastricht Treaty, the
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Medović, Vladimir. "Common defense policy: New challenge in the process of Serbian accession to the European Union." In XXI međunarodni naučni skup Pravnički dani - Prof. dr Slavko Carić, na temu: Odgovori pravne nauke na izazove savremenog društva. Faculty of Law for Commerce and Judiciary, Novi Sad, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/pdsc24399m.

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The war in Ukraine and the conflicts in the Middle East have actualized the issue of common defense within the European Union (EU). The Lisbon Treaty of 2007 marked a significant step forward in the creation of a common EU security and defense policy. The Treaty of Lisbon stipulates that the common security and defense policy will provide the EU with appropriate operational capacities using the military and civilian resources of the member states. The Common Security and Defense Policy will include the gradual creation of a common EU defense policy leading to a common defence. However, we shou
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Beniuc, Liliana. "European integration through the prism of the federalization of the European Union." In Conferința științifică națională cu participare internațională "Integrare prin cercetare și inovare", dedicată Zilei Internaționale a Științei pentru Pace și Dezvoltare. Moldova State University, 2025. https://doi.org/10.59295/spd2024s.29.

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The article explores the evolution of the idea of European federalism and the federalist movement in the first half of the 20th century, highlighting the concept of “Europeanism” as a political and ideological expression of various visions of European unity. The research methods include historical and comparative analysis of documents and writings by theorists such as Immanuel Kant, Jean-Jacques Rousseau, and William Penn, alongside the study of contributions from major post-war European political figures. The main findings underscore the role of the Treaty of Paris (1951) and the establishmen
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Tiliks, Raitis. "Indivīds un ārējās robežas drošībošana nacionālās drošības tvērumā." In Latvijas Universitātes 83. starptautiskā zinātniskā konference. LU Akadēmiskais apgāds, 2025. https://doi.org/10.22364/juzk.83.02.

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In this article, the author, using an interdisciplinary approach and drawing upon the insights of securitization theory, briefly examines the national identity clause enshrined in Article 4(2) of the Treaty on European Union, particularly within the framework of national security. The findings and conclusions in this work are set against the backdrop of the present-day circumstances, wherein global and regional turbulence has introduced novel challenges to both the external and internal dimensions of the national security of the Republic of Latvia. Viewed through the lens of securitization the
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Šokinjov, Stefan. "IZUZIMANjE UGOVORA O ISTRAŽIVANjU I RAZVOJU OD PRAVNOG DEJSTVA KARTELNE ZABRANE." In XVII majsko savetovanje. Pravni fakultet Univerziteta u Kragujvcu, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/uvp21.115s.

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Research and development are placed at the heart of the European strategy for achievement of sustainable growth within knowledge economy. At the same time, research and development agreements are restrictive agreements in the meaning of Antitrust law. Therefore regulators must find a balance between protection of competition and stimulation of technological progress. In this paper the Commission Regulation No 1217/2020 analyzed. It is the regulation on the application of Article 101(3) of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union to certain categories of research and development agre
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Dāvida, Zanda. "Vidusmēra un mazaizsargāta patērētāja koncepta modernizācija." In Latvijas Universitātes 80. starptautiskā zinātniskā konference. LU Akadēmiskais apgāds, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.22364/juzk.80.12.

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Digitalisation has provided an opportunity to develop the technological practices such as dark patterns, manipulative, targeting and other personalized persuasion practices that exploit consumer’s digital vulnerability and asymmetry of digital power between parties, for example, an informational power imbalance. This paper seeks to demonstrate that, despite being technology-neutral and having a broad scope, the Unfair Commercial Practice Directive needs some legal update and upgrade to ensure a high level of consumer protection (in accordance with Article 12 of the Treaty on the Functioning of
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Mazur-Kumrić, Nives. "POST-COVID-19 RECOVERY AND RESILIENCEBUILDING IN THE OUTERMOST REGIONS OF THE EUROPEAN UNION: TOWARDS A NEW EUROPEAN STRATEGY." In The recovery of the EU and strengthening the ability to respond to new challenges – legal and economic aspects. Faculty of Law, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.25234/eclic/22443.

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The socio-economic environment of the outermost regions of the European Union was severely affected by the COVID-19 crisis. Due to their geographical and historical specificities, the outermost regions were significantly lagging behind the rest of the European Union in terms of economic indicators even in the pre-pandemic period. Expectedly, COVID-19-induced shocks additionally potentiated their development gap. The purpose of this paper is to summarise the multiple impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic in Guadeloupe, French Guiana, Réunion, Martinique, Mayotte, and Saint Martin (France), the Azore
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Adam Weisner, Andreea. "Driving sustainability, cross-border partnerships and European funding in circular economy reporting." In The 6th Economic International Conference "Competitiveness and sustainable development". Technical University of Moldova, 2024. https://doi.org/10.52326/csd2024.07.

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This article examines Romania as a comparative case to explore the impact of European Union (EU) funding and cross-border partnerships on enhancing circular economy (CE) practices in Moldova. As an EU member state, Romania receives significant CE funding, whereas Moldova’s access is limited by its non-EU status. This funding disparity impacts Moldovan companies ’CE reporting and transparency, limiting their adoption of sustainability practices. In the Republic of Moldova, there was a 50% increase in absorption, while in Romania, it was 28%. This study concludes by offering policy recommendatio
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Nitova, Darina, and Yasen Markov. "CHALLENGE FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE DO NOT SIGNIFICANTLY HARM PRINCIPLE IN THE EUROPEAN UNION FUNDED RAIL PROJECTS IN BULGARIA." In 22nd SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference 2022. STEF92 Technology, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2022/5.1/s23.095.

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The European Green Deal has an overarching aim of making Europe climate neutral in 2050. The goal is to reduce EU's greenhouse gas emissions for 2030 to at least 50% and towards 55% compared with 1990 levels. Its goals extend to many different sectors, including construction, biodiversity, energy, transport and food and includes carbon tariffs for countries that don't curtail their greenhouse gas pollution at the same rate. On 18 June 2020, the Taxonomy Regulation for climate change mitigation and adaptation was published in the Official Journal. In December 2020 was adopted the new EU Sustain
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Reports on the topic "Article 50 of the Treaty on European Union"

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Szép, Viktor, and Ramses A. Wessel. The Current Legal Basis and Governance Structures of the EU’s External Action. EsadeGeo. Center for Global Economy and Geopolitics, 2022. https://doi.org/10.56269/202201vs.

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This Working Paper explores the current legal basis and governance structures of the European Union’s (EU) “external action plus”. In our understanding, the notion of “external action plus” not only includes the foreign, security and defence policy, trade, sanctions policy, development cooperation or humanitarian aid but also EU sectoral policies with an external dimension. In line with this definition, this Working Paper presents both the traditional external action areas of common commercial policy, sanctions policy and development cooperation and humanitarian aid, as well as the external di
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Szép, Viktor, Ramses A. Wessel, Ester Sabatino, Carmen Gebhard, and Edouard Simon. The Current Legal Basis and Governance Structures of the EU’s Defence Activities. EsadeGeo. Center for Global Economy and Geopolitics, 2021. https://doi.org/10.56269/202112vs.

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This Working Paper explores the current legal basis and governance structures of the EU’s Common Security and Defence Policy (CSDP) and other areas with defence implications. It provides a summary of ground rules to address the boundaries of enhancing the functioning of the CSDP and reveal the possibilities that are offered by the existing legal framework. The paper emphasises that the current Treaty framework allows the use of the so-called “sleeping beauties”, including the potential use of Article 44 of the Treaty on European Union. The latter may contribute to achieving the EU’s strategic
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Szép, Viktor, and Ramses A. Wessel. Assessing Current CFSP Structures and Processes and Formulating Recommendations. EsadeGeo. Center for Global Economy and Geopolitics, 2023. https://doi.org/10.56269/202304vs.

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This working paper comprehensively assesses the current governance structures, policy processes, instruments and tools of the European Union’s (EU) Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP). It proposes reforms, formulates recommendations and indicates the level of complexity of the implementation of these recommendations. We argue that many of the recommendations do not necessarily require a Treaty change. Instead, EU institutions could use the “sleeping beauties” of the Treaties that currently exist, in particular the special CFSP passerelle clause under Article 31(3) of the Treaty on Europe
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Kirsten, Ingrid, and Mara Zarka. Balancing the Three Pillars of the NPT: How can Promoting Peaceful Uses Help? Stockholm International Peace Research Institute, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.55163/shzz2322.

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The Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT) is the cornerstone of the non-proliferation regime and the centrepiece of global efforts to promote cooperation in the peaceful uses of nuclear energy and further the goal of general and complete nuclear disarmament. Although there is no implementation body for the NPT, the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) has been entrusted with key verification responsibilities under Article III of the treaty, where it plays an important role in achieving the objectives under Article IV to foster international cooperation for peaceful uses
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