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Journal articles on the topic 'Article use'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 4 February 2022

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1

Sabir, Mona. "Specificity and article use." Instructed Second Language Acquisition 2, no. 2 (October 9, 2018): 137–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1558/35617.

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This study reports the findings of a classroom intervention experiment investigating the effectiveness of explicit instruction in teaching the English articles’ semantic properties (definiteness and specificity) to Hejazi Arabic-speaking learners. Additionally, the study explores whether learners fluctuate (use the instead of a/ an and vice versa) in contexts where the taught semantic properties do not match. Fifty-four Hejazi Arabic-speaking participants were divided into two groups (instructed and control/uninstructed). The instructed group received explicit instruction on specificity and definiteness, since specificity is currently not taught to learners of English whereas definiteness is. The control group received traditional English language lessons with no explicit instruction on article semantics. By comparing the participants’ performance with twenty-three native English speakers, the findings of the study show learners’ sensitivity to specificity in article choice. They further show evidence supporting explicit instruction. The instructed group outperformed the uninstructed group and this effect was sustained until the delayed post-test with respect to average effects. The paper concludes that generative linguistics can inform the language classroom by predicting areas of acquisition difficulty. It also stresses that explicit language instruction is more beneficial than standard classroom instruction in teaching articles. On the basis of the findings, theoretical and pedagogical implications are discussed.

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Bae, Sanghee. "The Factors Affecting the Korean EFL Learners’ English Article Use." Language and Linguistics 80 (August 31, 2018): 63–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.20865/20188003.

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3

Gunnlaugsson, Helgi. "Article." Nordic Studies on Alcohol and Drugs 15, no. 5-6 (October 1998): 278–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1455072598015005-610.

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Helgi Gunnlaugsson: Drug use, attitudes and control policies in Iceland. A comparison with the other Nordic countries Studies on the use of alcohol, tobacco and other drugs have frequently been conducted in Iceland in the past few years. These studies have mostly involved use among youth, so trends in the adult population have not yet been mapped out to the same extent. In this presentation, findings from the first ever general population survey on drug use in Iceland will be presented. Prompted by the Nordic Drug Survey, in which Iceland did not take part, a few questions from that survey were adopted in a survey conducted in Iceland in late 1997. Based on the Nordic comparative figures, it appears that Iceland is in some respects not very different from the other Nordic nations. Yet lifetime prevalence of cannabis use was found to be significantly higher in Iceland than in the other Nordic nations, except for Denmark, which clearly is in a league of its own. However, if the use in the last 6 months is analysed, Iceland is very similar to the other Nordic nations. The consumption pattern, in terms of age and gender, seems also to follow the general pattern found in the other Nordic nations. As for attitudes toward different control measures, it is apparent that the public in all of the Nordic countries seems to be in favour of adopting unconventional control methods in the fight against drugs.

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Lipovšek, Frančiška. "Misconceptions about Article Use in English." ELOPE: English Language Overseas Perspectives and Enquiries 3, no. 1-2 (June 20, 2006): 99–113. http://dx.doi.org/10.4312/elope.3.1-2.99-113.

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The paper addresses some major misconceptions about article use in English, proceeding from purely syntactic issues to those relating directly to pragmatics. It is based on authentic, perfectly acceptable examples of article use that many Slovenian students of English would describe as ‘odd’ or ‘not in accordance with the rules’. The students’ explanations as to why the examples in question should be ruled out confirm the hypothesis that misconceptions about article use are largely ascribable to an insufficient understanding of grammatical rules. The rules governing article use are often misunderstood due to inaccurate interpretations of the terms defining/restrictive, definite, identifying, specifying, classifying, etc. The commonest mistake is equating defining with definite, and defining/restrictive with identifying, the consequence being the overuse of the definite article. Another important point made in the paper is that article use is a matter of pragmatics. The choice between the definite and indefinite articles reflects the speaker’s decision to present a piece of information as hearer-old or hearer-new respectively.

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5

Cook, Deborah J., Mitchell M. Levy, and Daren K. Heyland. "How to use a review article." Critical Care Medicine 26, no. 4 (April 1998): 692–700. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00003246-199804000-00017.

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6

Astapenko, Elena V. "Article use trends in modern English." Vestnik of the Mari State Universit 15, no. 2 (2021): 208–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.30914/2072-6783-2021-15-2-208-215.

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Schaad, L. J., Laimutis Bytautas, and K. N. Houk. "Article." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 77, no. 5-6 (June 1, 1999): 875–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v99-066.

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It has been known since the early work of Bigeleisen that incorporating the Redlich-Teller product rule into isotope-effect equations minimizes the importance of low-frequency vibrations. Similar analysis suggests that errors in low frequencies especially are minimized by the use of the Redlich-Teller rule, though its use improves accuracy at all frequencies. However, in the computation of isotope effects, cancellation between isotopomers caused this advantage to vanish exactly in the case of diatomic reactants or products. It does not do so for all polyatomics, and computational experiments again show use of the Redlich-Teller rule to be preferred.Key words: isotope effect, Bigeleisen equation, Redlich-Teller product rule, formamide, Z-1,3-pentadiene.

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8

Crosthwaite, Peter. "L2 English article use by L1 speakers of article-less languages." International Journal of Learner Corpus Research 2, no. 1 (July 8, 2016): 68–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ijlcr.2.1.03cro.

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This paper adopts the Integrated Contrastive Model (Granger 1996) to an examination of the use of articles in the L2 English written production of L1 speakers of three article-less languages (Mandarin Chinese, Korean and Thai) across four L2 proficiency levels. Data is sourced from the International Corpus Network of Asian Learners of English (ICNALE; Ishikawa 2011, 2013), comprising 575 written essays totalling 125,588 words across two writing prompts. Accuracy of zero, indefinite and definite articles is measured using Pica’s (1983) Target Language Use across Bickerton’s (1981) semantic/pragmatic article contexts (generic, specific definite, specific indefinite and non-specific indefinite). The results show two different orders of article accuracy depending on L1 background, as well as effects of writing prompt on the accuracy of certain article forms, and evidence of pseudo-longitudinal development for particular article usages as L2 proficiency increases, although not in all cases. Massive overproduction of indefinite/definite articles in generic contexts is problematic for all three L2 groups regardless of L1 background and L2 proficiency. However, Mandarin L2 English users appear to enjoy a significant advantage in L2 article accuracy over Korean or Thai L2 English users in almost all contexts of use and L2 proficiency levels, providing further potential evidence that the often reported grammaticalisation of definiteness/specificity markers in L1 Mandarin is aiding Mandarin L2 English users’ acquisition of the English article system.

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Daub, Christopher D., Bryan R. Henry, Martin L. Sage, and Henrik G. Kjaergaard. "Article." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 77, no. 11 (November 1, 1999): 1775–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v99-151.

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Two studies of aspects of modelling dipole moment functions of XH bonds in small molecules for use in calculating overtone intensities have been undertaken. The first study deals with the fitting of ab initio calculations of the dipole moment at discrete points to a functional form. The two methods that are compared are the use of least-squares regression and the use of interpolating polynomials. The interpolating polynomial method is deemed superior due to its greater efficiency in terms of the number of points necessary to obtain reasonable results. The second study attempts to explain the indifference of calculated overtone intensities to the inclusion of electron correlation in the ab initio calculation of the dipole moment function. It is found that in most cases the influence of electron correlation can be modelled as a function with a very small matrix element, which results in a very small contribution to the overtone intensity.Key words: dipole moment function, vibrational overtone intensities, electron correlation, ab initio calculations.

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10

Brito, Maria. "Advancements in Clinical Thyroidology in 2016." US Endocrinology 12, no. 02 (2016): 83. http://dx.doi.org/10.17925/use.2016.12.02.83.

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In this article, we summarize the seminal highlights of clinical thyroidology literature published in 2016. The main focus of these articles were thyroid nodules, thyroid cancer, cubclinical hypothyroidism in pregnancy, Graves℉ disease in pregnancy, the American Thyroid Association guidelines for adult patients with thyroid nodules and differentiated thyroid cancer, and the American Thyroid Association guidelines for the diagnosis and management of hyperthyroidism and other causes of thyrotoxicosis.

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Bijon Krishna Sarker and 백승현. "L2-English Article Use in Semantic Contexts." Studies in Foreign Language Education 27, no. 1 (February 2013): 75–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.16933/sfle.2013.27.1.75.

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TRENKIC, DANIJELA, and NATTAMA PONGPAIROJ. "Referent salience affects second language article use." Bilingualism: Language and Cognition 16, no. 1 (May 17, 2012): 152–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1366728912000156.

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The effect of referent salience on second language (L2) article production in real time was explored. Thai (–articles) and French (+articles) learners of English described dynamic events involving two referents, one visually cued to be more salient at the point of utterance formulation. Definiteness marking was made communicatively redundant with all referents. Thai groups omitted articles more with more than with less salient referents. The results corroborate previous offline data suggestive of the salience effect for L2 users from article-less L1 backgrounds, but point against the view that this is due to the redundancy of definiteness marking. The results seem better explained by persistent grammatical competition between L1 and L2 structures, consistent with the view that language systems within a bilingual mind cannot be kept fully apart.

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13

Bajammal, Sohail, Philipp Dahm, Harriette M. Scarpero, William Orovan, and Mohit Bhandari. "How to Use an Article About Therapy." Journal of Urology 180, no. 5 (November 2008): 1904–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2008.07.026.

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14

Jarvis, Scott. "TOPIC CONTINUITY IN L2 ENGLISH ARTICLE USE." Studies in Second Language Acquisition 24, no. 3 (July 17, 2002): 387–418. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0272263102003029.

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Much of the research on L2 article acquisition has investigated the effects of semantic, syntactic, and discourse universals on the systematicity and variability of learners' article use. The present paper looks at systematicity from the combined perspective of two putative discourse universals related to topic continuity (e.g., Givón, 1983) that have been addressed only separately in past studies of article acquisition: the tendency to mark the distinction between topics and comments (e.g., Huebner, 1983) and the tendency to mark the distinction between new, continuous, and reintroduced NP referents (e.g., Chaudron & Parker, 1990). The present study examines how well these discourse universals account for the patterns of article use and nonuse found in narratives written by 199 Finnish-speaking and 145 Swedish-speaking adolescent learners of English. The quantitative results of the study cast some doubt on learners' sensitivity to the topic-comment distinction and also suggest that learners' tendency to mark distinctions between new, continuous, and reintroduced NP referents is influenced by the prominence of such distinctions in the L1. The quantitative results are supported by a qualitative analysis of a subset of the data that suggests numerous other elements that are needed to characterize the systematicity of individual learners' interlanguage article systems.

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15

Dahm, Philipp, Scott M. Gilbert, Robert A. Zlotecki, and Gordon H. Guyatt. "How to Use an Article About Prognosis." Journal of Urology 183, no. 4 (April 2010): 1303–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2009.12.010.

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16

Callegaro, Elena, Simon Clematide, Marianne Hundt, and Sara Wick. "Variable article use with acronyms and initialisms." Languages in Contrast 19, no. 1 (May 28, 2018): 48–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/lic.16021.cal.

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Abstract Shortening is a common type of word-formation in many languages. Crystal (2008) distinguishes two kinds of abbreviation: initialisms and acronyms. Article use in English is variable with both acronyms and initialisms used as proper names (e.g. (the) UKIP, at the UN vs. at MIT). The question is whether variability is largely dependent on the semantics of the underlying full form (i.e. whether this is derived from a proper name or common noun) or whether the two types of abbreviation show different behaviour with respect to variable article use. This paper uses data from CoStEP, a new, word-aligned version of EuroParl, and a data-driven approach to investigate variable article use with abbreviations and their full forms uttered by English native speakers and compares the findings to data from parallel German and Italian corpora. The results show higher article variability in English and a marked preference for and near categorical article use in German and Italian. Furthermore, our evidence confirms that acronyms tend towards the proper name end of the cline, while initialisms behave syntactically more like common nouns.

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17

Schutte, Robert, Gordon R. Thompson, Kingsley K. Donkor, M. John M. Duke, Roger Cowles, Xiu Ping Li, and Byron Kratochvil. "Article." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 77, no. 10 (October 1, 1999): 1626–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v99-173.

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Instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) was used to predict the relative amounts of various sizes of fine particles in Athabasca oil sands. The method is based on regression analysis of element concentration data for 529 oil sand test portions, determined by INAA, against particle size distributions determined by three currently used methods. The most important elements for the estimation of particle sizes below 44 µm were found to be aluminum, sodium, and manganese. The INAA estimation method works because variation in elemental composition within particle size fractions in oil sands up to at least 44 µm is relatively small, whereas the variation between size fractions is significant. The new method does not involve the use of organic solvents, is faster and simpler to perform than the methods currently in use, and is comparable in precision. It has the added advantages that it can be readily automated, and concentrations of elements of special interest in oil sand processing, such as chlorine, are obtained simultaneously.Key words: instrumental neutron activation analysis, oil sand, particle size distribution.

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18

Ødegård, Einar, Anne Line Bretteville-Jensen, and Astrid Skretting. "Article." Nordic Studies on Alcohol and Drugs 19, no. 2 (April 2002): 106–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/145507250201900208.

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Einar Ødegård & Anne Line Bretteville-Jensen & Astrid Skretting: The development of drug abuse in Norway in the 1990s This article aims to shed light on the development of drug abuse in Norway during the 1990s. The data come from various different sources, including questionnaire studies as well as other data sets describing the extent of drug abuse in the country. There has been a marked increase in drug abuse during the 1990s. Data from annual youth surveys in 1990 to 1995 indicate that between 8 and 10 per cent of youths aged 15–20 had ever used cannabis, whereas the figure during the latter half of the decade was substantially higher at 18–19 per cent. Surveys in the whole population also point at an increase from 1991 through to 1999: in 1991 the proportion indicating they had ever used cannabis was 8.2%, by 1999 the figure had risen to 12.5%. Furthermore, a simple cohort analysis clearly indicates that large numbers are continuing to use cannabis: the figures are also rising in older age groups. With the growing prevalence of cannabis use in younger age groups we may therefore expect to see increasing numbers of regular and frequent cannabis users in the whole population as well. Drug seizures by the police and customs have increased sharply during the latter half of the 1990s: this applies not only to amphetamine and ecstasy but also cocaine and LSD. This is supported by the results of annual questionnaire surveys among youths, who are reporting a marked increase in the use of these types of drugs. In the early 1990s around 1% of youths in the age group 15–20 said they had ever used amphetamine. This figure remained more or less unchanged through to the mid-1990s. However by the end of the decade around 4% said they had used amphetamine. The data from youth surveys furthermore indicate that there is considerable overlap in the use of amphetamine and ecstasy. In this material the sharpest increase is recorded in the proportion of those indicating they have used both amphetamine and ecstasy. There are several indicators which describe the extent of heroin abuse. All these indicators show that there has been a sharp increase in heroin abuse during the 1990s. A simple mortality analysis suggests that the number of heroin abusers has doubled over the past decade. Drug abuse has also spread markedly both in relation to age groups and geographically: today the problem is by no means limited to any specific age group, nor just to a few major cities.

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Eliason, Robert. "Article." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 77, no. 5-6 (June 1, 1999): 744–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v99-039.

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Acid-catalyzed decomposition of diazodiphenylmethane (DDM) has been studied in DMSO containing varying amounts of water. The reaction was found to be first-order in DDM and first-order in acid. The Brønsted plot for a series of carboxylic acids is curved with the H+ point falling below the curve defined by the carboxylic acids. In near-anhydrous DMSO, kinetic hydrogen isotope effects (KIEs) are 1.7 and 1.6 for acetic acid and chloroacetic acid, respectively. The chloroacetic acid KIE increases with increasing water concentration, rising to 2.9 at 3.6 M water. As a function of [H2O], kHA for chloroacetic acid shows a sharply defined minimum occurring at 1 M water. This behavior and the water effect on KIE suggest that the carboxylic acid-catalyzed reactions in near-anhydrous DMSO do not use the ASE-2 mechanism attributed to the reaction of DDM in hydroxylic solvents. A mechanism, leading to an azoalkane, is suggested. Either directly or indirectly, this may lead to diphenylcarbene, which would account for the observed products: benzophenone, benzhydrol, and benzhydryl esters. For the H+ catalyzed decomposition of DDM in near-anhydrous DMSO, benzophenone is not found among the products, and we suggest that this reaction does not undergo a change in mechanism and continues to use the ASE-2 mechanism.Key words: decomposition mechanism, kinetics, solvent effect, reaction with carboxylic acids.

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20

Kanwar, Kriti, Priyanka Thakur, and Wamik Azmi. "Review article Use of phytochemicals as emerging strategy for control of biofilm formed by pathogens." Annals of Phytomedicine: An International Journal 7, no. 2 (December 30, 2018): 25–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.21276/ap.2018.7.2.4.

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21

Manners, Ian. "Article." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 76, no. 4 (April 1, 1998): 371–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v98-054.

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Ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of strained ring-tilted metallocenophanes can be achieved thermally, via anionic or cationic initiation, or by the use of transition-metal catalysts and provides access to a wide range of high molecular weight (Mw = 105-106, Mn > 105) poly(metallocenes). These materials possess a variety of interesting properties and many are very easy to prepare. This article provides an overview of our work, giving background to and an account of the initial discovery, and discusses work on the synthesis and properties of new poly(metallocenes) and related materials with particular emphasis on recent research directions.Key words: metallocene, ring-opening polymerization, ferrocenophane, organometallic polymer.

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22

Bassiony, Medhat. "Substance use disorders in Saudi Arabia: review article." Journal of Substance Use 18, no. 6 (February 19, 2013): 450–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/14659891.2011.606349.

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23

Kulsum, Syeda Ummay, Sabera Khatun, and SM Shahnawaz Bin Tabib. "Use of Misoprostol in Pregnancy- A Review Article." Medicine Today 22, no. 2 (October 31, 2012): 94–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/medtoday.v22i2.12443.

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Prostaglandins are the pharmacological agents used for induction of labour and augmentation of labour. Prostaglandin E2 gel is used for cervical ripening and induction of labour. These are however, costly and need to be stored in a refrigerator at a temperature of 2 - 8°C, half life 18 months. The Tablet form of prostaglandin E2 is not available in Bangladesh. Misoprostol, a synthetic prostaglandin (PG) E1 analogue is used orally for the treatment of gastric and duodenal ulcer and used as a cytoprotective agent. It was first used for labour induction in 1987. Prostaglandin can be used in several gynaecological and obstetric conditions. It can be given through several routes. This article will elaborately delinate the role of misoprostol, a prostaglandin in obstetrics and gynaecological conditions. Medicine Today 2010 Volume 22 Number 02 Page 94-98 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/medtoday.v22i2.12443

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24

Innes, James A. "Review article: Adenosine use in the emergency department." Emergency Medicine Australasia 20, no. 3 (June 2008): 209–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1742-6723.2008.01100.x.

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Nelson, Jack A. "Use Choo-Choo System to Teach Article Writing." Journalism Educator 43, no. 2 (June 1988): 95–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/107769588804300224.

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26

Attia, John, John P. A. Ioannidis, Ammarin Thakkinstian, Mark McEvoy, Rodney J. Scott, Cosetta Minelli, John Thompson, Claire Infante-Rivard, and Gordon Guyatt. "How to Use an Article About Genetic Association." JAMA 301, no. 1 (January 7, 2009): 74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.2008.901.

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Attia, John, John P. A. Ioannidis, Ammarin Thakkinstian, Mark McEvoy, Rodney J. Scott, Cosetta Minelli, John Thompson, Claire Infante-Rivard, and Gordon Guyatt. "How to Use an Article About Genetic Association." JAMA 301, no. 2 (January 14, 2009): 191. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.2008.946.

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Attia, John, John P. A. Ioannidis, Ammarin Thakkinstian, Mark McEvoy, Rodney J. Scott, Cosetta Minelli, John Thompson, Claire Infante-Rivard, and Gordon Guyatt. "How to Use an Article About Genetic Association." JAMA 301, no. 3 (January 21, 2009): 304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.2008.993.

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Fan, Eddy, Andreas Laupacis, Peter J. Pronovost, Gordon H. Guyatt, and Dale M. Needham. "How to Use an Article About Quality Improvement." JAMA 304, no. 20 (November 24, 2010): 2279. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.2010.1692.

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Proksch, Ehrhardt, Raymond de Bony, Sonja Trapp, and Stéphanie Boudon. "Topical use of dexpanthenol: a 70th anniversary article." Journal of Dermatological Treatment 28, no. 8 (May 14, 2017): 766–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09546634.2017.1325310.

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31

Kelly, Patrick D. "Old Drug, New Use: Article of Manufacture Claims." Nature Biotechnology 11, no. 7 (July 1993): 839–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nbt0793-839.

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32

Arnull, Anthony. "The Use and Abuse of Article 177 EEC." Modern Law Review 52, no. 5 (September 1989): 622–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2230.1989.tb02618.x.

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Choi, Kwang-Soon, Kih-Soo Joe, Steven L. Mitchell, Candace J. Everall, and Keith R. Betty. "Article." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 77, no. 8 (August 1, 1999): 1405–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v99-163.

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The determination of trace silicon by inductively coupled plasma - atomic emission spectrometry in samples containing HF is inhibited by the high blank caused by attack of the quartz torch. Use of a proprietary commercial amine to neutralize the HF and increase the pH to between 7 and 7.5 allows the simultaneous determination of silicon and other impurities in zirconium or zircaloy samples. The determination of silicon in steels requires the addition of an auxiliary complexing agent to the amine solution to prevent precipitation of iron(III). The analytical results obtained for several Standard Reference Materials (SRMs) with and without the amine reagent agree well with one another, and also with the certified values.Key words: silicon, zirconium, zirconium alloys, steel, amine neutralization.

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Parcell, Joe L., Glynn T. Tonsor, and Jason V. Franken. "Few Journal Article Organizational Structure Characteristics Affect Article Citation Rate: A Look at Agricultural Economics Articles Using Regression Analysis." Journal of Agricultural Science 8, no. 10 (September 7, 2016): 73. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jas.v8n10p73.

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<p>When reporting research findings, a journal article’s organizational structure influences whether others can easily assess the published research’s procedures, interpret the results, and synthesize the implications. Organizational structure characteristics include sufficiently explained variables, data format, number of exhibits, and presence of an appendix. This study endeavors to empirically test whether journal article organizational structure influences citation rates. Citations are used for ranking academic fields, evaluating faculty for promotion, and assessing faculty performance for merit-based salary increases. Journal editors desire higher citation rates to enhance journal exposure, and faculty target publishing in journals with higher impact factors, which reflect citation rates. To assess whether journal article organization affects citation rates, this study uses data from a survey of 68 <em>Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics </em>articles published between 1994 and 1998, and it uses citation rates between February 2010 and the publication date as the dependent variable. These articles were selected because they used regression methods and had all information necessary for this analysis. Using Tobit and truncated ordinary least squares regressions, this study evaluated the marginal effects of variables, including organizational structure characteristics, influencing citation rates. The results indicated a lack of statistical significance for most organizational structure variables affecting citation rates. The use of panel data use and presence of an appendix were the two only organizational structure variables that had significant effects on journal article organizational structure. They had respective positive and negative effects. Thus, little evidence supports that a professional impact, measured as citations, will result from at least this particular journal making efforts to improve article format structure. The current study may motivate future research that replicates the methods and examines other journals and article characteristics.</p>

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Yang, Hu, Zhenghua Ping, Yingcai Long, and Quang Trong Nguyen. "Article." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 77, no. 10 (October 1, 1999): 1671–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v99-197.

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Two types of hydrophobic zeolites Y were prepared by treating the NaY-type zeolite with SiCl4, with or without subsequent hydrothermal treatment. X-ray diffraction analysis showed that the framework of the two modified zeolites Y are more perfect than that of the NaY one, and the Si/Al ratio is greatly enhanced by hydrothermal treatment. The determined sorption isotherms indicate an improvement of the ester-to-water sorption ratio with the increase in Si/Al ratio. When the zeolite-filled silicone membranes are used in separation of ethyl acetate - water mixture by pervaporation, both the total permeation flux and the selectivity to the ester are improved by the use of the hydrophobic zeolite Y as the filler in the membrane. The stronger the hydrophobicity of the zeolite Y, the higher the filled membrane selectivity.Key words: hydrophobic zeolites Y, silicone-filled membranes, ethyl acetate - water mixture, sorption, pervaporation.

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Refvik, Mitchell D., and Adrian L. Schwan. "Article." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 76, no. 2 (February 1, 1998): 213–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v97-228.

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Lithium (E)-1-hexenesulfenate (5a) was treated with a number of TMS-X (TMS = trimethylsilyl) reagents to afford N,N-bis(trimethylsilyl)-(E)-1-hexenesulfenamide (7a) and (or) di((E)-1 hexenyl) disulfide (8), usually in low yield. The cleanest reactions, those from use of TMS-Cl (to afford 7a) and TMS-CN (which yields 8) were analyzed by variable temperature NMR. It was found that the low-temperature silylation reaction using TMS-Cl affords 7a and thiosulfinate 12 as initial products. Warming the mixture coerces the decomposition of 12. Treatment of 5a with TMS-CN also yields thiosulfinate 12 which is reduced to disulfide 8 as the temperature warms, possibly by action of cyanide ion. Evidence is presented that allows a confident structural assignment of the transient thiosulfinate 12, and mechanisms are suggested for the formation of 12. The study also led to the NMR observation of (E)-1-hexenesulfenate (5a).Key words: sulfenate, thiosulfinate, variable temperature NMR (VT NMR), silylation.

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Swab, Michelle. "Connecting Users to Articles: An Analysis of the Impact of Article Level Linking on Journal Use Statistics." Evidence Based Library and Information Practice 14, no. 4 (December 13, 2019): 38–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.18438/eblip29613.

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Abstract Objective – Electronic resource management challenges and “big deal” cancellations at one Canadian university library contributed to a situation where a number of electronic journal subscriptions at the university’s health sciences library lacked article level linking. The aim of this study was to compare the usage of journals with article level linking enabled to journals where only journal level linking was available or enabled. Methods – A list of electronic journal title subscriptions was generated from vendor and subscription agent invoices. Journal titles were eligible for inclusion if the subscription was available throughout 2018 on the publisher’s platform, if the subscription costs were fully funded by the health sciences library, and if management of the subscription required title-by-title intervention by library staff. Of the 356 journal titles considered, 302 were included in the study. Negative binomial regression was performed to determine the effect of journal vs. article level linking on total COUNTER Journal Report 1 (JR1) successful full-text article requests for 2018, controlling for journal publisher, subject area, journal ranking, and alternate aggregator access. Results – The negative binomial regression model demonstrated that article level linking had a significant, positive effect on total 2018 JR1 (coef: 0.645; p < 0.001). Article level linking increased the expected total JR1 by 90.7% when compared to journals where article level linking was not available or enabled. Differences in predicted usage between journals with article level linking and those without article level linking remained significant at various journal ranking levels. This suggests that usage of both smaller, more specialized journals (e.g., Journal of Vascular Research) and larger, general journals (e.g., New England Journal of Medicine) increases when article level linking is enabled. Conclusions – This study provides statistical evidence that enabling article level linking has a positive impact on journal usage at one academic health sciences library. Although further study is needed, academic libraries should consider enabling article level linking wherever possible in order to facilitate user access, maximize the value of journal subscriptions, and improve convenience for users.

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Nehme, Mayssam A., and Ashish Upadhyay. "Ezetimibe in the Treatment of Patients with Metabolic Diseases." US Endocrinology 09, no. 01 (2013): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.17925/use.2013.09.01.55.

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Dyslipidemia is an established risk factor for cardiovascular disease. While statin therapy remains the most important component of dyslipidemia management, a substantial proportion of patients on statin monotherapy fails to achieve guideline-recommended lipid levels. Ezetimibe is a secondline lipid-lowering agent that reduces sterol absorption, and has a favorable effect on lipid profile. This article reviews studies examining the role of ezetimibe on lipid profile, metabolic biomarkers, and cardiovascular outcomes in individuals with metabolic diseases. Special focus is given to studies in patients with dyslipidemia, Type 2 diabetes, and the metabolic syndrome. The controversy surrounding the role of ezetimibe in mitigating atherosclerosis is also highlighted. The article concludes that the ezetimibe–statin combination improves lipid parameters and helps attain guidelinerecommended lipid goals in patients with metabolic diseases. However, further research is needed to better understand the role of ezetimibe monotherapy, and the impact of ezetimibe on clinical cardiovascular outcomes.

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Lardinois, Claude K. "No More Heart Disease— Addressing Major Modifiable Risk Factors in Type 2 Diabetes." US Endocrinology 07, no. 01 (2011): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.17925/use.2011.07.01.16.

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Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death among people with type 2 diabetes, yet much of the population remains unaware of the risk. People with diabetes are two to four times more likely to develop CVD due to a variety of risk factors. Large studies have shown that 85–90 % of patients with CVD have one or more of the traditional modifiable risk factors. Important modifiable risk factors include obesity, physical exercise, nutritional factors, alcohol consumption, tobacco smoking, vitamin D, psychosocial factors, dyslipidemia, hypertension, albuminuria, and dysglycemia. This article will review the impact that each of these modifiable factors has on CVD risk. The importance of aspirin therapy will also be addressed in light of the results of a number of studies that failed to demonstrate a convincing cardioprotective benefit of low-dose aspirin in patients with type 2 diabetes. Gene polymorphisms are also emerging as important contributors to CVD development, but will not be addressed in this article.

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Dagorn, Laurent, and Pierre Fréon. "Article." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 56, no. 6 (June 1, 1999): 984–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f98-209.

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Among the different assumptions proposed to explain why tropical tuna aggregate around floating objects ("logs"), one of the most recent is that floating objects may represent meeting points for tuna. This "meeting point hypothesis" proposes that tuna can use these floating objects to form larger schools after school fission or dispersion. The influence of meeting points on tuna school sizes is explored through different individual-based models that consider a single fusion rule and a variety of fission rules based on energetic considerations, the role of school size on school cohesion, predator attacks, and dispersion during the night. Results are first analyzed using an averaging approach to study the overall mean school size in habitats having different floating object densities. Second, a dynamic approach is used to compare the temporal dynamics of associated and free-swimming school sizes. The averaging approach indicates that in all the models (except those based on energetics), floating objects increase school size, at least up to a certain object density. The dynamic approach clearly illustrates different dynamics in the school size of associated and free-swimming schools. Most of our models show that tuna associated with logs resume schooling in larger schools after fission events.

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Choksuchat, Chainarong. "Clinical Use of Misoprostol in Nonpregnant Women: Review Article." Journal of Minimally Invasive Gynecology 17, no. 4 (July 2010): 449–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmig.2010.03.015.

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Scales, Charles D., Philipp Dahm, Shahnaz Sultan, Denise Campbell-Scherer, and P. J. Devereaux. "How to Use an Article About a Diagnostic Test." Journal of Urology 180, no. 2 (August 2008): 469–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2008.04.026.

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Rostaing, Lionel, Faouzi Saliba, Yvon Calmus, Sébastien Dharancy, and Olivier Boillot. "Review article: Use of induction therapy in liver transplantation." Transplantation Reviews 26, no. 4 (October 2012): 246–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.trre.2012.06.002.

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Banks, Colin J., and Jeremy S. Furyk. "Review article: Hypertonic saline use in the emergency department." Emergency Medicine Australasia 20, no. 4 (August 2008): 294–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1742-6723.2008.01086.x.

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Gallop, Katharine. "Review article: Phenytoin use and efficacy in the ED." Emergency Medicine Australasia 22, no. 2 (April 2010): 108–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1742-6723.2010.01269.x.

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GEDDES, ALISTAIR, ALESSANDRO GIMONA, and DAVID A. ELSTON. "Research Article: Estimating local variations in land use statistics." International Journal of Geographical Information Science 17, no. 4 (April 2003): 299–319. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1365881021000026539.

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Skrondal, Anders, Anne Eskild, and Johannes Thorvaldsen. "Changes in condom use after HIV diagnosis: original article." Scandinavian Journal of Public Health 28, no. 1 (January 1, 2000): 71–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/713797373.

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IRVING, P. M., R. B. GEARRY, M. P. SPARROW, and P. R. GIBSON. "Review article: appropriate use of corticosteroids in Crohn’s disease." Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics 26, no. 3 (May 25, 2007): 313–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2036.2007.03379.x.

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Elshatarat, Rami Azmi, Mohammed Ibrahim Yacoub, Fadi Marwan Khraim, Zyad Taher Saleh, and Tareq Rateb Afaneh. "Self-efficacy in treating tobacco use: A review article." Proceedings of Singapore Healthcare 25, no. 4 (September 16, 2016): 243–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2010105816667137.

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Globally, tobacco use continues to be a major health care concern. Despite strong recommendations to quit smoking, tobacco users are experiencing difficulties in quitting. The purpose of this integrative review is to discuss self-efficacy theory as an important behavioral therapy for treating tobacco use and nicotine dependence. Moreover, the paper proposes a literature-derived model that employs self-efficacy as a central component for treating tobacco use and nicotine dependence. Eleven relevant articles were included in this review. Self-efficacy has an important role in smoking cessation. Improving self-efficacy enhances the individual’s success in quitting tobacco use and preventing relapse. Moreover, incorporating self-efficacy as a cognitive behavioral intervention has shown various degrees of success for treating tobacco use and nicotine dependence. In order to offer guidance to health care providers assisting in quitting tobacco, a model that integrates self-efficacy as a central component of the quitting process is proposed.

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Talavira, Nataliia. "English orientating constructions denoting location: classification and article use." Lingua Posnaniensis 59, no. 2 (December 1, 2017): 101–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/linpo-2017-0015.

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Abstract The paper singles out English orientating constructions which refer to constant coordinates meant to position situational changeable entities, e.g. at eye level, on hand, in part, in detail. The analysis of constructions denoting location reveals their entrenchment in mind in the basic – articleless – form representing situation coordinates on the superordinate categorization level. Orientating constructions have two discursive variants depending upon the article in their structure: definite and indefinite. The definite article refers to the reference points imposed by a particular situation which is signalled by the combination of orientating and extending constructions while the indefinite article points to the establishment of new coordinates.

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