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1

P., Bhattacharyya, Banerjee K., and Adhikary S. "Impact of Urban Lighting on Insects: A Legal Perspective on Environmental Concerns." UTTAR PRADESH JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY 45, no. 16 (2024): 299–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.56557/upjoz/2024/v45i164310.

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Light pollution, a result of excessive and improperly directed artificial lighting, has become a major environmental issue that affects a wide range of habitats. The spread of industrialization and urbanisation leads to an increase in artificial light's incursion into natural habitats, which modifies the behaviours and ecological dynamics of creatures. Insects are so important to the functioning of ecosystems, the impacts of Artificial Light at Night on insect populations have received a lot of attention. Recognising the urgent need to address the adverse impacts of light pollution on vital in
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T.Yu., Markina. "THE TEORETICAL BASIS OF HOMEOSTASIS MAINTENANCE IN ARTIFICIAL INSECT POPULATIONS AND CONTROL OF THEIR CONDITION." Біологія та валеологія, no. 19 (December 12, 2017): 58–68. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1108514.

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Theoretical basis of homeostasis maintenance in artificial insect populations and control of their condition. T. Yu. Markina – The principle of homeostasis as a general property of biological systems at various levels is fully peculiar for artificial insect populations. Features of technocenosis cause some changes in structural parameters of insect cultures. Viability index is suggested to use as the criterion of population condition. Correlation between viability of artificial insect populations and intensity of vital taxis has been proved. The role of taxis in maintaining of population
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Mawan, Amanda, Rizky Nazarreta, Kasmiatun Kasmiatun, Bonjok Istiaji, Purnama Hidayat, and Damayanti Buchori. "Pengaruh cahaya artifisial di malam hari (artificial light at night-ALAN) terhadap serangga." Jurnal Entomologi Indonesia 19, no. 3 (2023): 255–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.5994/jei.19.3.255.

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Insect populations have declined significantly over the last few decades. Anthropogenic factors such as deforestation, land-use change, climate change, and pesticides play a major role in insect population decline. In addition to those factors, insects also face challenges from air, noise, and light pollution derived from human activities. Light pollution in the form of artificial light at night (ALAN) is generally known to be one of the factors driving insect declines but it has rarely been studied in Indonesia. In this literature review, we collected empirical evidence from previous studies
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Hurali, Sujay, D. K. Narwade, Sravanthi Guntupalli, et al. "Innovations in Artificial Rearing and Mass Production of Beneficial Insects for Biocontrol: A Review." UTTAR PRADESH JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY 46, no. 5 (2025): 110–25. https://doi.org/10.56557/upjoz/2025/v46i54828.

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The mass production and artificial rearing of beneficial insects have emerged as essential strategies in biological control, offering sustainable alternatives to chemical pesticides in integrated pest management (IPM). The recent innovations in insect mass rearing, focusing on advancements in artificial diet formulations, genetic improvements, automation, and precision agriculture technologies. Traditional rearing methods have faced challenges related to high costs, genetic variability, pathogen contamination, and reduced field performance of artificially reared insects. Cutting-edge biotechno
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Sharma, Ram Prakash, Anasuya Boruah, Anam Khan, et al. "Exploring the Significance of Insects in Ecosystems: A Comprehensive Examination of Entomological Studies." International Journal of Environment and Climate Change 13, no. 11 (2023): 1243–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ijecc/2023/v13i113276.

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The dynamic and expansive field of entomology is poised for transformative changes, thanks to technological advancements and the emergence of new avenues of research. Traditional methodologies like specimen collection and observation are increasingly being complemented by state-of-the-art techniques such as environmental DNA (eDNA) analysis, CRISPR genome editing, remote sensing, and artificial intelligence. The eDNA methodology, for example, offers a non-invasive approach to monitor elusive or endangered insect species, thereby enriching biodiversity databases. Genome editing technologies lik
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Di, Xue-Yuan, Bin Yan, Cheng-Xu Wu, Xiao-Fei Yu, Jian-Feng Liu, and Mao-Fa Yang. "Does Larval Rearing Diet Lead to Premating Isolation in Spodoptera litura (Fabricius) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)?" Insects 12, no. 3 (2021): 203. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects12030203.

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Host plant preference during the larval stage may help shape not only phenotypic plasticity but also behavioral isolation. We assessed the effects of diet on population parameters and mate choice in Spodoptera litura. We raised larvae fed on tobacco, Chinese cabbage, or an artificial diet, and we observed the shortest developmental time and highest fecundity in individuals fed the artificial diet. However, survival rates were higher for larvae on either of the natural diets. Population parameters including intrinsic rate of increase and finite rate of increase were significantly higher with th
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Fu, Yuqing, Laurent Gavotte, David R. Mercer, and Stephen L. Dobson. "Artificial Triple Wolbachia Infection in Aedes albopictus Yields a New Pattern of Unidirectional Cytoplasmic Incompatibility." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 76, no. 17 (2010): 5887–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.00218-10.

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ABSTRACT Obligately intracellular Wolbachia bacteria infect numerous invertebrates and often manipulate host reproduction to facilitate the spread of infection. An example of reproductive manipulation is Wolbachia-induced cytoplasmic incompatibility (CI), which occurs commonly in insects. This CI has been the focus both of basic scientific studies of naturally occurring invasion events and of applied investigations on the use of Wolbachia as a vehicle to drive desired genotypes into insect populations (“gene drive” or “population replacement” strategies). The latter application requires an abi
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Wu, Hua, Li Cao, Meiyu He, Richou Han, and Patrick De Clercq. "Interspecific Hybridization and Complete Mitochondrial Genome Analysis of Two Ghost Moth Species." Insects 12, no. 11 (2021): 1046. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects12111046.

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The Chinese cordyceps, a parasitic Ophiocordyceps sinensis fungus–Thitarodes/Hepialus larva complex, is a valuable biological resource endemic to the Tibetan Plateau. Protection of the Plateau environment and huge market demand make it necessary to culture this complex in an artificial system. A method for the large-scale artificial rearing of the Thitarodes/Hepialus insect host has been established. However, the deterioration of the insect rearing population and low mummification of the infected larvae by the fungus constrain effective commercial cultivation. Hybridization of Thitarodes/Hepia
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Ahmad, N., M. Sarwar, R. Muhammad, M. Tofique, and M. S. Wagan. "CONSERVATION OF BIO-CONTROL AGENTS IN COTTON, GOSSYPIUM HIRSUTUM L. FIELD BY FOOD SUPPLEMENTS FOR INSECT PESTS MANAGEMENT." Nucleus 48, no. 3 (2011): 255–60. https://doi.org/10.71330/thenucleus.2011.841.

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The study reports the use of artificial food sprays to conserve the parasitoids and predators for the management of insect pests in cotton field. Cotton crop was treated with bio-control agents, Chrysoperla carnea and Trichogramma chilonis alongwith different food attractants such as protein hydrolysate and sugar alone and in combination in a randomized complete block design. Each treatment was applied on one-acre field with three replications. Results showed that the chemicals tested helped in increasing the populations of beneficial insects including; C. carnea, T. chilonis and Orius spp., i
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10

Boyes, Douglas H., Darren M. Evans, Richard Fox, Mark S. Parsons, and Michael J. O. Pocock. "Street lighting has detrimental impacts on local insect populations." Science Advances 7, no. 35 (2021): eabi8322. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abi8322.

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Reported declines in insect populations have sparked global concern, with artificial light at night (ALAN) identified as a potential contributing factor. Despite strong evidence that lighting disrupts a range of insect behaviors, the empirical evidence that ALAN diminishes wild insect abundance is limited. Using a matched-pairs design, we found that street lighting strongly reduced moth caterpillar abundance compared with unlit sites (47% reduction in hedgerows and 33% reduction in grass margins) and affected caterpillar development. A separate experiment in habitats with no history of lightin
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Méndez, Anxo, Luis Martín, Justo Arines, Rafael Carballeira, and Patricia Sanmartín. "Attraction of Insects to Ornamental Lighting Used on Cultural Heritage Buildings: A Case Study in an Urban Area." Insects 13, no. 12 (2022): 1153. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects13121153.

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Artificial light at night (ALAN) reduces insect populations by altering their movements, foraging, reproduction, and predation. Although ALAN is mainly associated with streetlights and road networks, the ornamental illumination of monuments is making an increasing (but not well-studied) contribution. We compared insect attraction to two different types of light sources: a metal halide lamp (a type currently used to illuminate monuments) and an environmentally sound prototype lamp (CromaLux) comprising a combination of green and amber LEDs. The experiment was performed within the pilot CromaLux
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Sethi, Tanu, V. Kalia, A. K. Singh, and G. T. Gujar. "In vitro rearing of brinjal shoot and fruit borer, Leucinodes orbonalis (Guenée) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) on artificial diet." ENTOMON 41, no. 2 (2016): 105–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.33307/entomon.v41i2.168.

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The brinjal shoot and fruit borer (BSFB), Leucinodes orbonalis (Guen©e) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) is a key pest of brinjal. Studies were carried out on the development of its in vitro rearing on artificial diet on a large scale. An artificial diet without natural ingredients of brinjal is found to support the growth and development as good as or better than natural brinjal fruits. The BSFB takes 26.25 days to complete life cycle on artificial diet as compared to 25.42 days on natural brinjal fruits (var. Pusa Kranti). On the contrary, other traits viz., 13 day old larval weight, 2 day old pupal
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13

Carvalho, William D., Elizabete C. Lourenço, Júlia L. Luz, Bruna S. Xavier, Angélica V. Yantén, and Luciana M. Costa. "Giving Wings to Sustainability: Brazil Needs to Consider Bats as Suppressors of Agricultural Pests and Tropical Disease Vectors." Sustainability 16, no. 14 (2024): 5858. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su16145858.

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Insect-eating bats play a crucial role in agriculture and public health by suppressing populations of agricultural pests and disease vectors. These ecosystem services promoted by insect-eating bats are essential in a world that seeks sustainability in agricultural production and the management of urban areas. Despite Brazil’s status as one of the largest agricultural producers globally, research using insect-eating bats for pest control is lacking. This review underscores the importance of filling this knowledge gap and provides guidelines for future research. Bats exhibit diverse feeding habi
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14

Markina, T. Y. "New approaches to quality control for cultures of insects for rearing." Biosystems Diversity 24, no. 1 (2016): 164–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/011620.

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An analytical review of existing methods of quality control for cultures of insects for rearing is presented. It is shown that there is a need to search for new approaches to solving this problem. The suggested methods for quality control for insect cultures are based on the rule of taxis intensity dependence on insect viability level. Testing of new methods of control and prediction of biological material viability was carried out on several breeds of silkworm (Bombyx mori L.) and a laboratory culture of the gypsy moth (Lymantria dispar L.). It was established that the caterpillars of silkwor
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15

Govind, Murugan Govindakurup, Koranapallil Bahuleyan Rameshkumar, and Mathew Dan. "Overcoming the pollination barrier through artificial pollination in the Wild Nutmeg Knema attenuata (Myristicaceae), an endemic tree of the Western Ghats, India." Journal of Threatened Taxa 11, no. 12 (2019): 14569–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.11609/jott.4824.11.12.14569-14575.

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The barrier to pollination and pollinator assemblage were investigated in Knema attenuata, a dioecious tree species endemic to the Western Ghats of India. It occupies an intermediate canopy stratum of the low and mid-elevation wet evergreen forests. In order to observe floral display, insect foraging and fruit development, four populations of K. attenuata were selected. The population diagram of each population was constructed by marking one female tree as the centre and male trees available at different radii from the female tree. Direct observations and swap net trapping were used to sample
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16

Aikawa, Takuya, Noritoshi Maehara, Yu Ichihara, Hayato Masuya, Katsunori Nakamura, and Hisashi Anbutsu. "Cytoplasmic incompatibility in the semivoltine longicorn beetle Acalolepta fraudatrix (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) double infected with Wolbachia." PLOS ONE 17, no. 1 (2022): e0261928. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0261928.

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Wolbachia are obligatory endosymbiotic α-proteobacteria found in many arthropods. They are maternally inherited, and can induce reproductive alterations in the hosts. Despite considerable recent progress in studies on the associations between Wolbachia and various taxonomic groups of insects, none of the researches have revealed the effects of Wolbachia on longicorn beetles as the host insect. Acalolepta fraudatrix is a forest longicorn beetle that is distributed in East Asia. In this study, the relationship between Wolbachia and A. fraudatrix was investigated. Out of two populations of A. fra
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17

Wall, R., and C. M. Lee. "Aggregation in insect communities colonizing cattle-dung." Bulletin of Entomological Research 100, no. 4 (2009): 481–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007485309990502.

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AbstractRuminant dung is a highly ephemeral, patchily distributed resource, which is used by a diverse community of invertebrate species. In such environments, high levels of insect aggregation may be important in facilitating stability and coexistence across patchily distributed populations. The aim of the present work was to quantify the aggregation of the insects colonising cow-dung in cattle pasture in southwest England and to test the hypothesis that the dung-pat community assemblage observed was the result of stochastic colonization. This was examined using batches of ten standardised, 1
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Dey, Sayon, Nityanando Mahato, Gourab Chakraborty, and Shouvik Debnath. "Effects of Urban Illumination on Insect Populations: AI-powered Insights into Environmental Challenges and Solutions." UTTAR PRADESH JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY 46, no. 1 (2025): 116–22. https://doi.org/10.56557/upjoz/2025/v46i14747.

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Artificial urban lighting seriously disrupts insect populations, creating a cascade effect on ecosystems and biodiversity. This research explores the many ecological challenges presented by urban lighting in terms of how it influences the behavior, physiology, and population dynamics of insects. Urban lighting changes behavioral patterns such as foraging, mating, and navigation, thereby affecting nocturnal activity and vulnerability to predators. This light disrupts insect circadian rhythms physiologically, impairs hormonal regulation, and affects their reproductive success. That jeopardizes t
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Ali, Akhtar, Hongye Li, William L. Schneider, et al. "Analysis of Genetic Bottlenecks during Horizontal Transmission of Cucumber Mosaic Virus." Journal of Virology 80, no. 17 (2006): 8345–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.00568-06.

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ABSTRACT Genetic bottlenecks may occur in virus populations when only a few individuals are transferred horizontally from one host to another, or when a viral population moves systemically from the infection site. Genetic bottlenecks during the systemic movement of an RNA plant virus population were reported previously (H. Li and M. J. Roossinck, J. Virol. 78:10582-10587, 2004). In this study we mechanically inoculated an artificial population consisting of 12 restriction enzyme marker mutants of Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) onto young leaves of squash plants and used two aphid species, Aphis g
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Chen, Jieyu. "Research on Technology to Protect and Utilize Insect Natural Enemies in Sustainable Agriculture." SHS Web of Conferences 213 (2025): 02012. https://doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/202521302012.

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With the increasing global attention to environmental protection and food safety, sustainable agriculture has been widely adopted as a way to reduce the impact on the environment and maintain the ecological balance of agriculture. As an important part of sustainable agriculture, research into the protection and utilization of natural enemy insects aims to control pest populations naturally by maintaining and increasing beneficial insect populations, thereby reducing the use of chemical pesticides. This study overviews the strategy to protect and use natural enemies of insects for sustainable a
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Kim, Hyojoong, Sohee Kim, Yerim Lee, Heung-Sik Lee, Seong-Jin Lee, and Jong-Ho Lee. "Tracing the Origin of Korean Invasive Populations of the Spotted Lanternfly, Lycorma delicatula (Hemiptera: Fulgoridae)." Insects 12, no. 6 (2021): 539. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects12060539.

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Lycorma delicatula (White) suddenly arrived in Korea where it rapidly spread out in the central region of Korea and caused serious damage to grape vineyards. To trace the source region of its invasiveness, population genetic structures were compared between the native region, China, and the introduced regions, Korea and Japan. We examined 762 individuals from 38 different population collections using 15 microsatellite loci. Both principal coordinate and structure analyses displayed that the Chinese populations were separated into three subgroups which were located significantly far apart from
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Жуковская, М. И., И. Ю. Северина та Е. С. Новикова. "СВЕТОВОЕ АНТРОПОГЕННОЕ ЗАГРЯЗНЕНИЕ: ДЕЙСТВИЕ НА НАСЕКОМЫХ". Biosfera 14, № 2 (2022): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.24855/biosfera.v14i2.669.

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The amounts and diversity of insects make them significant contributors to ecosystems stability. Human activities are associated with rapid changes in the lighting conditions of ecosystems. These changes produce diverse alterations to behavior, physiology and, ultimately, population sizes of insects. The present review addresses the changes in insects that occurre upon anthropogenic light pollution. The insects that are active in nighttime are subject to direct negative impacts of light at night primarily because it shortens the foraging and proliferation periods and thus diminishes insect pop
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Labroussaa, Fabien, Adam R. Zeilinger, and Rodrigo P. P. Almeida. "Blocking the Transmission of a Noncirculative Vector-Borne Plant Pathogenic Bacterium." Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions® 29, no. 7 (2016): 535–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/mpmi-02-16-0032-r.

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The successful control of insect-borne plant pathogens is often difficult to achieve due to the ecologically complex interactions among pathogens, vectors, and host plants. Disease management often relies on pesticides and other approaches that have limited long-term sustainability. To add a new tool to control vector-borne diseases, we attempted to block the transmission of a bacterial insect-transmitted pathogen, the bacterium Xylella fastidiosa, by disrupting bacteria–insect vector interactions. X. fastidiosa is known to attach to and colonize the cuticular surface of the mouthparts of vect
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Piszter, Gábor, Zsolt Bálint, Krisztián Kertész, Lajos Szatmári, Gábor Sramkó, and László Péter Biró. "Breeding Polyommatus icarus Serves as a Large-Scale and Environmentally Friendly Source of Precisely Tuned Photonic Nanoarchitectures." Insects 14, no. 8 (2023): 716. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects14080716.

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The colour of the butterfly wing serves as an important sexual and species-specific signal. Some species produce structural colouration by developing wing scales with photonic nanoarchitectures. These nanostructures are highly conservative, allowing only a ±10 nm peak wavelength deviation in the reflectance spectra of the blue structural colour in natural Common Blue (Polyommatus icarus) populations. They are promising templates of future artificial photonic materials and can be used in potential applications, too. In this work, we present methodology and infrastructure for breeding laboratory
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Nunes, Naiara R., Fátima T. Rampelotti-Ferreira, Leonardo V. Thiesen, Janaina N. Corassa, and Rafael M. Pitta. "Linha Básica de Suscetibilidade de Chrysodeixis includens (Walker, [1858]) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) a Benzoato de Emamectina." Entomological Communications 1 (December 17, 2019): ec01015. http://dx.doi.org/10.37486/2675-1305.ec01015.

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Emamectin Benzoate was registered recently in Brazil to control Chrysodeixis includens (Walker, [1858]) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in soybean. We studied the baseline susceptibility of Mato Grosso populations of C. includes to support Insect Resistance Management programs by standard feeding assays on insecticide-surface of artificial diet. Variation in susceptibility between populations was low. The LC50 values from 11 populations varied between 0.015 a 0.065 µg i.a. cm-2. Based on our results, we propose the discriminant concentration of 2.867 µg i.a. cm-2 of emamectin benzoate to monitor inse
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Wang, Yiming, Robert L. Harrison, and Juan Shi. "Effects of Rearing Density on Developmental Traits of Two Different Biotypes of the Gypsy Moth, Lymantria Dispar L., from China and the USA." Insects 12, no. 2 (2021): 175. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects12020175.

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The life-history traits of the gypsy moth, Lymantria dispar L. (Lepidoptera: Erebidae), have been observed to vary with larval population density, which can increase significantly during an outbreak of this pest. Laboratory studies on density-dependent variation in gypsy moth development have focused on single populations and were limited to comparing solitary larvae with groups of larvae reared at a single density. To evaluate how density-dependent impacts on development vary with different populations and subspecies of L. dispar, we compared the effects of rearing larvae of a European gypsy
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Tibola, Cristiane Maria, Leandro Silva, Fernanda Sgubin, and Celso Omoto. "Monitoring Resistance of Euschistus heros (Fabricius) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) to Insecticides by Using Encapsulated Artificial Diet Bioassay." Insects 12, no. 7 (2021): 599. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects12070599.

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The novel ingestion bioassay method was developed for detecting and monitoring resistance of Euschistus heros by encapsulating an artificial liquid diet using Parafilm®. This methodology was compared with the tarsal contact (vial test) and topical application methods for thiamethoxam, imidacloprid, and lambda-cyhalothrin. The best bioassay method for the neonicotinoid insecticides thiamethoxam and imidacloprid was ingestion. For pyrethroid insecticide lambda-cyhalothrin, the best result was obtained by topical application. Using the best bioassay method for each insecticide, the susceptibility
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Stewart, Alan J. A., Craig D. Perl, and Jeremy E. Niven. "Artificial lighting impairs mate attraction in a nocturnal capital breeder." Journal of Experimental Biology 223, no. 19 (2020): jeb229146. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.229146.

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ABSTRACTArtificial lighting at night (ALAN) is increasingly recognised as having negative effects on many organisms, though the exact mechanisms remain unclear. Glow worms are likely susceptible to ALAN because females use bioluminescence to signal to attract males. We quantified the impact of ALAN by comparing the efficacy of traps that mimicked females to attract males in the presence or absence of a white artificial light source (ALS). Illuminated traps attracted fewer males than did traps in the dark. Illuminated traps closer to the ALS attracted fewer males than those further away, wherea
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Grenier, Anne-Marie, Martine Da Rocha, Audrey Jalabert, Corinne Royer, Bernard Mauchamp, and Gérard Chavancy. "Artificial parthenogenesis and control of voltinism to manage transgenic populations in Bombyx mori." Journal of Insect Physiology 50, no. 8 (2004): 751–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jinsphys.2004.06.002.

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RENSHAW, M., M. W. SERVICE, and M. H. BIRLEY. "Density-dependent regulation of Aedes cantans (Diptera: Culicidae) in natural and artificial populations." Ecological Entomology 18, no. 3 (1993): 223–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2311.1993.tb01094.x.

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Tambovtsev, Konstantin. "Pheromone monitoring of forest pests in the conditions of the Birsky district, Republic Bashkortostan." АгроЭкоИнфо 2, no. 50 (2022): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.51419/202122211.

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In the Republic of Bashkortostan, the gypsy moth (Lymantria Dispar) periodically causes economic damage, in order to monitor it in the conditions of the Birsky district, glue traps with dispensers containing artificial sex pheromone cis-7,8-epoxy-2-methyloctadecane or (+)-disparlure, which was synthesized by the laboratory of insect bioregulators of the Ufa Institute of Chemistry of the Ufa Academy of Sciences, were used. During May-June 2021, it was found that traps with dispensers attract harmful insects compared to untreated controls. Traps with pheromones are not toxic, but warning labels
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Rewicz, Agnieszka, Radomir Jaskuła, Tomasz Rewicz, and Grzegorz Tończyk. "Pollinator diversity and reproductive success ofEpipactis helleborine(L.) Crantz (Orchidaceae) in anthropogenic and natural habitats." PeerJ 5 (April 18, 2017): e3159. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.3159.

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BackgroundEpipactis helleborineis an Eurasian orchid species which prefers woodland environments but it may also spontaneously and successfully colonise human-made artificial and disturbed habitats such as roadsides, town parks and gardens. It is suggested that orchids colonising anthropogenic habitats are characterised by a specific set of features (e.g., large plant size, fast flower production). However, as it is not well known how pollinator diversity and reproductive success ofE. helleborinediffers in populations in anthropogenic habitats compared to populations from natural habitats, we
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Rempoulakis, P., S. Sela (Saldinger), E. Nemny-Lavy, R. Pinto, A. Birke, and D. Nestel. "Microbial composition affects the performance of an artificial Tephritid larval diet." Bulletin of Entomological Research 108, no. 4 (2017): 434–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007485317000943.

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AbstractThe present study investigated the patterns of microorganisms in an artificial larval diet during Dacus ciliatus (Diptera; Tephritidae) larval development. Microbial population contents in the diet of total heterotrophic bacteria, yeast and molds, coliform and lactobacilli, and their dynamics during development, were monitored. Initially, the microbial composition in diet trays failing to produce viable pupae and in trays successfully producing pupae and adult flies was characterized. The failing diet trays contained large populations of lactobacilli that increased during larval develo
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Schünemann, Rogério, Neiva Knaak, and Lidia Mariana Fiuza. "Mode of Action and Specificity of Bacillus thuringiensis Toxins in the Control of Caterpillars and Stink Bugs in Soybean Culture." ISRN Microbiology 2014 (January 20, 2014): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/135675.

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The bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) produces delta-endotoxins that possess toxic properties and can be used as biopesticides, as well as a source of genes for the construction of transgenic plants resistant to insects. In Brazil, the introduction of Bt soybean with insecticidal properties to the velvetbean caterpillar, the main insect pest of soybean, has been seen a promising tool in the management of these agroecosystems. However, the increase in stink bug populations in this culture, in various regions of the country, which are not susceptible to the existing genetically modified plan
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Kancharlapalli, Sri Jyosthsna, Cameron J. Crabtree, Kaz Surowiec, Scott D. Longing, and Corey L. Brelsfoard. "Indirect transfer of pyriproxyfen to European honeybees via an autodissemination approach." PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 15, no. 10 (2021): e0009824. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0009824.

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The frequency of arboviral disease epidemics is increasing and vector control remains the primary mechanism to limit arboviral transmission. Container inhabiting mosquitoes such as Aedes albopictus and Aedes aegypti are the primary vectors of dengue, chikungunya, and Zika viruses. Current vector control methods for these species are often ineffective, suggesting the need for novel control approaches. A proposed novel approach is autodissemination of insect growth regulators (IGRs). The advantage of autodissemination approaches is small amounts of active ingredients compared to traditional inse
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Han, Taeman, Seung-Chul Park, and Haechul Park. "Genetic diversity of Insect farm populations of Protaetia brevitarsis seulensis (Kolbe, 1886) (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae) in South Korea inferred from COI gene sequences." Korea National Park Research Institute 13, no. 1 (2022): 83–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.54406/jnpr.2022.13.1.083.

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A Korean indigenous species, Protaetia brevitarsis seulensis (PBS), is popularly reared at many insect farms as valuable industrial insect resources in South Korea. However, there is no comprehensive study on the genetic diversity within the Korean PBS population as well as between morphologically closed species. Employing the rapidly evolved genetic markers such as mitochondrial DNA is important in the detection of haplotype diversity and rapid species identification of larval stage and/or its processed goods. We here examined how many genetically different haplotypes distribute in the reared
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Disi, Joseph Onwusemu, and Ashfaq A. Sial. "Laboratory Selection and Assessment of Resistance Risk in Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae) to Spinosad and Malathion." Insects 12, no. 9 (2021): 794. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects12090794.

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Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura) is one of the most economically important pests of soft-skinned fruits worldwide. Repeated insecticide applications commonly used to prevent fruit infestations increase the risk of resistance development in D. suzukii. Assessment of resistance risk in D. suzukii using artificial selection can be valuable in developing proactive resistance management strategies to retain susceptibility in the field populations. Here, we artificially selected a colony of field-collected D. suzukii for resistance against spinosad and malathion. A quantitative genetic approach was th
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Neves, Cynthia Maria de Lyra. "Tetrapedia diversipes in Restricted Areas in Bahia, Brazil (Hymenoptera: Apidae)." Sociobiology 59, no. 3 (2014): 767–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.13102/sociobiology.v59i3.546.

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Tetrapedia species are solitary bees which collect floral oils, being restricted to tropical regions of the Americas. Information on forms of nesting has been little researched in the literature, requiring studies on the diversity and variability of species to obtain better management and conservation strategies for their populations. Morphometry is a efficient technique and has been used to detect variation and for identification of species of bees in order to detect changes in quantitative traits within and among populations of bees. This study aimed to compare the variability of the populat
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Amora, Gizelle, Neusa Hamada, Lívia Maria Fusari, and Vanderly Andrade-Souza. "An Asiatic Chironomid in Brazil: morphology, DNA barcode and bionomics." ZooKeys 514 (July 27, 2015): 129–44. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.514.9925.

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In most freshwater ecosystems, aquatic insects are dominant in terms of diversity; however, there is a disproportionately low number of records of alien species when compared to other freshwater organisms. The Chironomidae is one aquatic insect family that includes some examples of alien species around the world. During a study on aquatic insects in Amazonas state (Brazil), we collected specimens of Chironomidae that are similar, at the morphological level, to Chironomus kiiensis Tokunaga and Chironomus striatipennis Kieffer, both with distributions restricted to Asia. The objectives of this s
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Rathod, Santosha, Sridhar Yerram, Prawin Arya, et al. "Climate-Based Modeling and Prediction of Rice Gall Midge Populations Using Count Time Series and Machine Learning Approaches." Agronomy 12, no. 1 (2021): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12010022.

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The Asian rice gall midge (Orseolia oryzae (Wood-Mason)) is a major insect pest in rice cultivation. Therefore, development of a reliable system for the timely prediction of this insect would be a valuable tool in pest management. In this study, occurring between the period from 2013–2018: (i) gall midge populations were recorded using a light trap with an incandescent bulb, and (ii) climatological parameters (air temperature, air relative humidity, rainfall and insulations) were measured at four intensive rice cropping agroecosystems that are endemic for gall midge incidence in India. In addi
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Markina, Tetiana, Evgenia Golub, and Olga Panchenko. "STUDY OF THE EFFICIENCY AND COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE APPLICATION OF TECHNIQUES FOR EVALUATING THE QUALITY OF PHYTOPHAGES AND ENTOMOPHAGES AT DIFFERENT STAGES OF ONTOGENESIS." Scientific and Technical Bulletin of the Institute of Animal Science NAAS of Ukraine, no. 131 (2024): 116–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.32900/2312-8402-2024-131-116-127.

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The concept of quality control of insect crops is proposed, which is based on a targeted approach based on the goal and objectives of the implementation of a certain breeding program and is divided into two main directions: control of phytophage production, control of entomophage production. Quality control methods are based on the general biological rule of dependence between the intensity of insect taxis and the overall viability of biomaterial. The effectiveness of methods for assessing the quality of phytophages (on the example of the mother cultures of the grain moth Sitotroga cerealella,
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Jin, Tao, Yu-ying Lin, Hsin Chi, et al. "Comparative Performance of the Fall Armyworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Reared on Various Cereal-Based Artificial Diets." Journal of Economic Entomology 113, no. 6 (2020): 2986–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jee/toaa198.

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Abstract The fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae), is a polyphagous and highly destructive agricultural pest that invaded mainland China in 2019. To facilitate research on this pest, it is important to formulate and formalize a suitable artificial diet based on local ingredients. In this study, the life histories of fall armyworm reared on corn leaves and four artificial diets were recorded. The four artificial diets used were: soybean and sucrose-based (SS), soybean and wheat germ-based (SW), chickpea and wheat germ-based (CPW), and corn and soybean-based
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Gerken, Alison R., Shelby R. Abts, Erin D. Scully, and James F. Campbell. "Artificial Selection to a Nonlethal Cold Stress in Trogoderma variabile Shows Associations With Chronic Cold Stress and Body Size." Environmental Entomology 49, no. 2 (2020): 422–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ee/nvz162.

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Abstract Extreme temperature has been used as an alternative to chemical treatments for stored product pests for years. Resistance to heat or cold treatments has not been documented in stored product insects, but repeated use of ineffective treatments could lead to adaptive tolerance. Trogoderma variabile (Dermestidae) is a common pest of stored products, and the larval stage is highly resistant to cold and destructive. We artificially selected populations by inducing chill coma at four different cold temperature treatments: 3 and 5 h at −10°C and 3 and 5 h at 0°C. Recovery time was highly her
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LaRoe, Jillian, Christopher M. Holmes, and Thorsten Schad. "Nightlight Intensity Change Surrounding Nature Reserves: A Case Study in Orbroicher Bruch Nature Reserve, Germany." Remote Sensing 14, no. 16 (2022): 3876. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs14163876.

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Persistent global urbanization has a direct relationship to measurable artificial light at night (ALAN), and the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program has served an important role in monitoring this relationship over time. Recent studies have observed significant declines in insect abundance and populations, and ALAN has been recognized as a contributing factor. We investigated changes in nightlight intensity at various spatial scales surrounding insect traps located in Orbroicher Bruch Nature Reserve, Germany. Using a time series of global nighttime light imagery (1992–2010), we evaluated
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Van den Broeck, Mira, Raphaël De Cock, Stefan Van Dongen, and Erik Matthysen. "Blinded by the Light: Artificial Light Lowers Mate Attraction Success in Female Glow-Worms (Lampyris noctiluca L.)." Insects 12, no. 8 (2021): 734. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects12080734.

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Nocturnal light pollution from anthropogenic origin is increasing worldwide and is recognised as a major threat for nocturnal biodiversity. We studied the impact of artificial light on the mate attraction success of female common glow-worms (Lampyris noctiluca L.) by daily monitoring their glowing status in the field, acting as a proxy for mating status throughout the mating season. We found that females in dark surroundings typically stopped glowing after one night, indicating that they had mated, while females in illuminated areas glowed for significantly more nights, in some cases up to 15
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Flórián, Norbert, Júlia Katalin Jósvai, Zsolt Tóth, et al. "Automatic Detection of Moths (Lepidoptera) with a Funnel Trap Prototype." Insects 14, no. 4 (2023): 381. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects14040381.

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Monitoring insect populations is essential to optimise pest control with the correct protection timing and the avoidance of unnecessary insecticide use. Modern real-time monitoring practices use automatic insect traps, which are expected to be able to estimate the population sizes of pest animals with high species specificity. There are many solutions to overcome this challenge; however, there are only a few data that consider their accuracy under field conditions. This study presents an opto-electronic device prototype (ZooLog VARL) developed by us. A pilot field study evaluated the precision
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Boumaza, Mounir, Brahim Merabti, Yasmine Adjami, Mohamed Laid Ouakid, and Thaddeus M. Carvajal. "Geometric Morphometric Wing Analysis of Avian Malaria Vector, Culiseta longiareolata, from Two Locations in Algeria." Insects 13, no. 11 (2022): 1031. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects13111031.

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The application of geometric morphometry on mosquito wings (Culicidae) is considered a powerful tool for evaluating correlations between the phenotype (e.g., shape) and environmental or genetic variables. However, this has not been used to study the wings of the avian malaria vector, Culiseta longiareolata. Therefore, the goal of this study is to investigate the intra-specific wing variations between male and female Cs. longiareolata populations in different types of larval habitats and climatic conditions in Algeria. A total of 256 Cs. longiareolata mosquito samples were collected from Januar
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Li, Hongye, and Marilyn J. Roossinck. "Genetic Bottlenecks Reduce Population Variation in an Experimental RNA Virus Population." Journal of Virology 78, no. 19 (2004): 10582–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.78.19.10582-10587.2004.

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ABSTRACT Genetic bottlenecks are stochastic events that limit genetic variation in a population and result in founding populations that can lead to genetic drift. Evidence of past genetic bottlenecks in numerous biological systems, from mammals to viruses, has been described. In this study, we used an artificial population of Cucumber mosaic virus consisting of 12 restriction enzyme marker-bearing mutants. This population was inoculated onto young leaves of tobacco plants and monitored throughout the course of systemic infection. We show here that the genetic variation in a defined population
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Kevan, Peter G., John D. Ambrose, and James R. Kemp. "Pollination in an understorey vine, Smilax rotundifolia, a threatened plant of the Carolinian forests in Canada." Canadian Journal of Botany 69, no. 11 (1991): 2555–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b91-318.

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Round-leaved greenbrier, Smilax rotundifolia L. (Liliaceae), is an insect-pollinated, dioecious, understorey vine. Its pollen is linked by viscin threads, effectively preventing wind dispersal. In most sites populations are not sexually reproductive, being unisexual, but do not spread vegetatively. Where both sexes occur, fruits and seeds are produced naturally. Artificial cross-pollinations can enhance the level of fruit and seed set. Understanding the biology of this threatened species is important for habitat management and conservation. Key words: dioecy, greenbrier, viscin, floral form, c
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Gedge, Kevin E., and M. A. Maun. "Effects of simulated herbivory on growth and reproduction of two beach annuals, Cakile edentula and Corispermum hyssopifolium." Canadian Journal of Botany 70, no. 12 (1992): 2467–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b92-305.

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Cakile edentula var. lucustris (sea rocket) and Corispermum hyssopifolium (bugseed) are two annual flowering plants that grow on the sandy shores of the Great Lakes. This habitat is extremely unpredictable and plants are subject to grazing by a number of insect herbivores as well as browsing by white-tailed deer. The objectives of these studies were to estimate the extent of herbivore damage under natural conditions, to determine the most vulnerable stage of damage, and to examine the compensatory ability of each species to tolerate herbivory. Greenhouse experiments showed that both species we
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