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1

Holland, Simon. "Artificial intelligence, education and music : the use of artificial intelligence to encourage and facilitate music composition by novices." Thesis, Open University, 1989. http://oro.open.ac.uk/54407/.

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The goal of the research described in this thesis is to find ways of using artificial intelligence to encouraee and facilitate music composition by musical novices, particularly those without traditional musical skills. Two complementary approaches are presented. We show how two recent cognitive theories of hannony can be used to design a new kind of direct manipulation tool for music, known as "Harmony Space", with the expressivity to allo~ novices to sketch, analyse, modify and compose harmonic sequences simply and clearly by moving two-dimensional patterns on a computer screen linker to a s
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Dall'Anese, Davide <1994&gt. "The impact of Artificial Intelligence on unemployment: a systematic literature review." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/17930.

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The world is currently witnessing the effects of that period of fast technological advancements which has become known as the “Fourth industrial revolution”. Featuring it, there is the introduction of a broad set of new technologies, like big data and analytics, 3-D printing, the internet of things, and autonomous robots. If, on the one hand, the introduction of Artificial Intelligence allows firms to perform a wide range of tasks more efficiently, on the other hand, there are bad consequences its implementation may lead to. The focus of this thesis is the relationship between employment and A
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Dabor, Abdalrhman. "Big Data Models and Artificial Intelligence in COVID-19 : A Systematic Literature Review." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för datavetenskap och medieteknik (DM), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-105036.

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The study aims to identify the role of artificial intelligence and big data that can help us to confront the COVID-19. The study adopted the literature review methodology by reading and analyzing academic studies. This study was divided into two parts: a theoretical part that deals with the basic concepts of artificial intelligence and big data, and an analytical section that deals with reviewing and analyzing artificial intelligence and big data applications to confront COVID-19, including Contact Tracing Apps, then find the weaknesses and develop a recommendation list. The paper concludes th
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4

ERIKSSON, MALIN, and CAMRAN DJOWEINI. "Artificial Intelligence’s Impact on Management : A literature review covering artificial intelligence’s influence on leadership skills and managerial decision-making processes." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för industriell teknik och management (ITM), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-279737.

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This thesis aims to study how Artificial intelligence (AI) can help enhance leadership skills and managerial decision-making processes. The research will be done through a systematic literature review, reviewing articles that deem relevant and objective. The problem formulation could be described as ‘the adaptation of leadership skills and managerial decision-making processes due to the implementation of AI in the workplace’, as that has been found to be the research gap during the literature review. The research led to the conclusions that there will occur a shift regarding leadership styles.
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Rehnström, Fanny. "How Capable is Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Crime Prediction and Prevention? : A literature review of reviews." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för juridik, psykologi och socialt arbete, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-93149.

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The purpose of this literature review was to compile recent conducted reviews about the use of artificial intelligence (AI) in crime prediction and prevention. How capable are current AI- technologies in predicting crime? How capable are current AI- technologies in preventing crime? This literature review included 9 reviews. The results suggested that the currently AI technologies in use were capable of predicting and preventing crime. They could find patterns in large data sets in much more efficient manner than humans could. The most commonly used AI technologies in crime prediction were dat
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Salvan, Alessandro <1994&gt. "A systematic literature review about the impact of artificial intelligence on innovation management: implications on different organizational aspects." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/15918.

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Artificial Intelligence is developing and increasingly affecting many different aspects of current society, and business is among them. In particular, this new technology leads to innovation outcomes thanks to its different tools and applications, and this have been confirmed by aca- demia and business practitioners as well. Probably due to the youth of the topic, a gap in literature seems to exist concerning a collection of contributions addressing the relationship between AI and innovation management, which appears very fragmented, and for this reason a systematic literature review will be c
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Craft-Jenkins, Kyle. "ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND THE TECHNOLOGICAL SUBLIME: HOW VIRTUAL CHARACTERS INFLUENCE THE LANDSCAPE OF MODERN SUBLIMITY." UKnowledge, 2012. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/english_etds/1.

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The principle objective of this thesis is to expand the term “technological sublime” to include technologies of artificial intelligence. In defining new realms of the technological sublime, we must not only consider the ecological integration of technology within natural surroundings, but also appreciate modern technological objects that instigate sublime experiences. This work examines science fictional portrayals of interactions with sentient artificial intelligence in I, Robot, 2001: A Space Odyssey and other major works of science fiction. In each of these works, characters who encounter t
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Grissett, Jeffrey Neal. ""His love is real, but he is not" : examination of reality in Spielberg's AI: artificial intelligence /." Electronic version (PDF), 2005. http://dl.uncw.edu/etd/2005/grissettj/jeffreygrissett.html.

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9

Singh, Ritu. "A comparative study of feature selection methodologies in a readability assessment framework for children’s literature." The Ohio State University, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1345533071.

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10

Lausa, Dawn E. "Descartes' daughters thinking-machines and the emergence of posthuman complexity /." Related electronic resource: Current Research at SU : database of SU dissertations, recent titles available full text, 2009. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/syr/main.

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11

Williams, Gregory Alaric. "Posthuman Maturation in Amie Kaufman and Jay Kristoff's Illuminae: Re-Conceptualizing the Human for Adolescence and Artificial Intelligence." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2017. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/6774.

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In order to empower adolescents, this thesis examines how the adult conception of the human in humanism disempowers adolescents. This thesis examines this process in Amie Kaufman and Jay Kristoff's Illuminae, a work of young adult science fiction with non-traditional text structures. In consequence of their disempowerment, the adolescent Kady and artificially intelligent AIDAN impersonate human authorities in order to gain control over their lives. When these attempts fail, Kady and AIDAN transition from a humanist conception of the human, as an isolated self that balances rationality and emot
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12

Clauson, Aran. "Search-based optimization for compiler machine-code generation." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2013. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3600071.

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<p> Compilation encompasses many steps. Parsing turns the input program into a more manageable syntax tree. Verification ensures that the program makes some semblance of sense. Finally, code generation transforms the internal abstract program representation into an executable program. Compilers strive to produce the best possible programs. Optimizations are applied at nearly every level of compilation. Instruction Scheduling is one of the last compilation tasks. It is part of code generation. Instruction Scheduling replaces the internal graph representation of the program with an instruction
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Everett, Katharine More. "Eden." Cleveland State University / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=csu1589227367791853.

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14

Lu, Lu. "Literature Exploration on the Correlation between Value, Business Model and AI Technology : A Case Study on Urban Green." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektroteknik och datavetenskap (EECS), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-279416.

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Value has received an increasing focus in business, meanwhile, under the background of industry 4.0, where the intelligent technologies are significantly reshaping the development of business model and accelerating the innovation. Understanding the correlations between value, business model, and intelligent technology can guide practitioners to create new competitiveness. There’re numerous articles concerning business and technology in recent years. However, few studies touch upon the value’s utilization and impact. The primary purpose of this paper is to explore the value concept adoption in
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Sims, Christopher A. "Technology Anxiety in British and American SF: Artificial Intelligences as Catalysts for Ontological Awakening." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1335361175.

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Lagerkvist, Love. "Neural Novelty — How Machine Learning Does Interactive Generative Literature." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-21222.

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Every day, machine learning (ML) and artificial intelligence (AI) embeds itself further into domestic and industrial technologies. Interaction de- signers have historically struggled to engage directly with the subject, facing a shortage of appropriate methods and abstractions. There is a need to find ways though which interaction design practitioners might integrate ML into their work, in order to democratize and diversify the field. This thesis proposes a mode of inquiry that considers the inter- active qualities of what machine learning does, as opposed the tech- nical specifications of wha
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Krob, Madison. "Up On Digital Hill." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1627573944283589.

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Wöhrman, Sebastian, and Nael Ningalei. "The Impact of Sound on Player Experience - A literature study on how players experience the encounter with sound in horror-games." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för teknik och samhälle (TS), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-20142.

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Player decision modeling can provide useful guidance to understand player performance in games. This information is used to increase consideration of player characteristics from the user’s perspective and develop more user-centered video games. This paper presents an initial proposal of a factor such as sound that may be considered when developing games, to see if horror games are facing challenges related to sound aspects of the game. Through related work, experiments, interviews and observations this paper aims to answer how sound in horror-games changes our gameplay experience as well as wh
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19

Baker, Simon. "Semantic text classification for cancer text mining." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2018. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/275838.

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Cancer researchers and oncologists benefit greatly from text mining major knowledge sources in biomedicine such as PubMed. Fundamentally, text mining depends on accurate text classification. In conventional natural language processing (NLP), this requires experts to annotate scientific text, which is costly and time consuming, resulting in small labelled datasets. This leads to extensive feature engineering and handcrafting in order to fully utilise small labelled datasets, which is again time consuming, and not portable between tasks and domains. In this work, we explore emerging neural netwo
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Dickerson, Cynthia Rose. "USING THE QBEST EQUATION TO EVALUATE ELLAGIC ACID SAFETY DATA: GENERATING A QNOAEL WITH CONFIDENCE LEVELS FROM DISPARATE LITERATURE." UKnowledge, 2018. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/pharmacy_etds/94.

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QBEST, a novel statistical method, can be applied to the problem of estimating the No Observed Adverse Effect Level (NOAEL or QNOAEL) of a New Molecular Entity (NME) in order to anticipate a safe starting dose for beginning clinical trials. The NOAEL from QBEST (called the QNOAEL) can be calculated using multiple disparate studies in the literature and/or from the lab. The QNOAEL is similar in some ways to the Benchmark Dose Method (BMD) used widely in toxicological research, but is superior to the BMD in some ways. The QNOAEL simulation generates an intuitive curve that is comparable to the d
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Wiley, Antoinette Marchelle. "The Familiar Stranged." Cleveland State University / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=csu1513009183178476.

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Shapovalenko, A. "Artificial intelligence." Thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2013. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/33830.

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Technology of artificial intelligence will soon be able to help ensure the safety of your family, protecting it from the threat of international and domestic burglaries. In the USA the Department of Security also implements special software in its monitoring system, which scans phone calls and other messages. These programs can rapidly process large volumes of data and are even able to distinguish between a normal conversation from a potential threat. The old security system simply relied on sensors that reacted to a movement. Modern systems are directly related to artificial intelligence, whi
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Башлак, Ірина Анатоліївна, Ирина Анатольевна Башлак, Iryna Anatoliivna Bashlak, and I. Kurinnyy. "Artificial intelligence." Thesis, Видавництво СумДУ, 2011. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/13517.

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Дядечко, Алла Миколаївна, Алла Николаевна Дядечко, Alla Mykolaivna Diadechko, and M. Chernyakova. "Artificial intelligence." Thesis, Вид-во СумДУ, 2009. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/16890.

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25

Bekeniova. "ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE." Thesis, Київ 2018, 2018. http://er.nau.edu.ua/handle/NAU/33666.

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Yakushchenko, I. V., and L. M. Chuchilina. "The artificial intelligence." Thesis, Видавництво СумДУ, 2008. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/16003.

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Malmborn, Albin, and Linus Sjöberg. "Implementing Artificial intelligence." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för teknik och samhälle (TS), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-20942.

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Den här uppsatsen har som syfte att undersöka huruvida det är möjligt att ta fram riktlinjer för vad privata verksamheter behöver ta i beaktande inför en planerad implementering av artificiell intelligens. Studien kommer belysa faktorer som hjälper företag att förstå vad som krävs inför en sådan omställning, men även de hinder som måste övervinnas för att lyckas. Studiens datainsamling har genomförts med två metoder, först en litteraturstudie sedan kvalitativa, semistrukturerade forskningsintervjuer. Dessa har sedan analyserats med vars en analysmetod som kompletterar varandra och därefter tol
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Tennenbaum, Christopher D. "Intentionality in Artificial Intelligence." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2011. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/269.

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This paper addresses the question of whether Artificial Intelligence can have intentionality. This question is part of a larger discussion of whether or not Artificial Intelligence can ever be 'conscious'. Ultimately, I come to the conclusion that while we can see how intentionality can be transferred, it has yet to be shown that intentionality can be created within Artificial Intelligence. To begin, I define intentionality. I then discuss the Turing Test (Alan Turing, "Computing Machinery and Intelligence" and the Chinese Room (John R. Searle, "Minds, Brains, and Programs"). I conclude b
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Chaus, Oleksandr. "Artificial intelligence and robotics." Thesis, Дніпровський національний університет залізничного транспорту імені академіка В. Лазаряна, 2019. https://er.knutd.edu.ua/handle/123456789/14698.

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The work deals with artificial intelligence as one of the most exciting field in robotics. AI has penetrated almost every industry, from construction, transport and manufacturing to business intelligence, education and healthcare.<br>Робота стосується штучного інтелекту як однієї з найбільш захоплюючих галузей робототехніки. Штучний інтелект проник майже в усі галузі, від будівництва, транспорту та виробництва до бізнес-розвідки, освіти та охорони здоров'я.<br>Работа посвящена искусственному интеллекту как одной из самых захватывающих областей робототехники. Искусственный интеллект проник почт
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Matorina. "ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN MEDICINE." Thesis, Київ 2018, 2018. http://er.nau.edu.ua/handle/NAU/33813.

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R, Maksimov K. "ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE: MORAL ASPECT." Thesis, Національний авіаційний університет, 2017. http://er.nau.edu.ua/handle/NAU/28076.

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Larchenko. "ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN ROBOTICS." Thesis, Київ 2018, 2018. http://er.nau.edu.ua/handle/NAU/33789.

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Vaseigaran, Ajanth, and Gobi Sripathy. "Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare." Thesis, KTH, Industriell ekonomi och organisation (Inst.), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-296643.

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Healthcare systems play a critical role in ensuring people's health. Establishing accurate diagnoses is a vital element of this process. As sources highlight misdiagnoses and missed diagnoses as a common issue, a solution must be sought. Diagnostic errors are common in the emergency departments, which has been recognized as a stressful work environment. Today's industries are forced to deal with rapidly changing technological advances that result in reshaped systems, products, and services. Artificial Intelligence (AI) is one of such technologies that can work as a solution to diagnosis issues
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Napoli, Christian. "A-I: Artificial intelligence." Doctoral thesis, Università di Catania, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10761/3974.

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In this thesis we proposed new neural architectures and information theory approaches. By means of wavelet analysis, neural networks, and the results of our own creations, namely the wavelet recurrent neural networks and the radial basis probabilistic neural networks,we tried to better understand, model and cope with the human behavior itself. The first idea was to model the workers of a crowdsourcing project as nodes on a cloud-computing system, we also hope to have exceeded the limits of such a definition. We hope to have opened a door on new possibilities to model the behavior of socially
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NAPOLI, CHRISTIAN. "A-I: Artificial intelligence." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Catania, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11769/490996.

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In this thesis we proposed new neural architectures and information theory approaches. By means of wavelet analysis, neural networks, and the results of our own creations, namely the wavelet recurrent neural networks and the radial basis probabilistic neural networks,we tried to better understand, model and cope with the human behavior itself. The first idea was to model the workers of a crowdsourcing project as nodes on a cloud-computing system, we also hope to have exceeded the limits of such a definition. We hope to have opened a door on new possibilities to model the behavior of socially i
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Lila, Serxho <1995&gt. "Applications of Artificial Intelligence." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/18837.

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The world is changing rapidly. Developments in information technology are affecting every aspect of people’s lives, but also economies or politics all over the world. The fourth industrial revolution started at the beginning of the twenty-first century, it is manifested by emerging technology breakthroughs in many fields, which include artificial intelligence (AI), biotechnology, 3D printing, the Internet of Things, and blockchain. In the last decade, the technology sector has driven the worldwide economy, and big tech companies such as Amazon, Apple, Microsoft, Tencent, Baidu, and Alibaba ar
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Boyce, Gavin John. "Artificial intelligence : thought and content." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.265914.

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Gkiokas, Alexandros. "Imitation learning in artificial intelligence." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2016. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/94683/.

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Acquiring new knowledge often requires an agent or a system to explore, search and discover. Yet us humans build upon the knowledge of our forefathers, as did they, using previous knowledge; there does exist a mechanism which allows transference of knowledge without searching, exploration or discovery. That mechanism is known as imitation and it exists everywhere in nature; in animals, insects, primates, and humans. Enabling artificial, cognitive and software agents to learn by imitation could potentially be crucial to the emergence of the field of autonomous systems, robotics, cyber-physical
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Polova, M. V., L. M. Mahas, М. В. Польова, and Л. М. Магас. "Major advances of artificial intelligence." Thesis, Вінницький національний аграрний університет, 2015. http://ir.lib.vntu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/5009.

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Москаленко, А. М. "Computer training and artificial intelligence." Thesis, Київський національний університет технологій та дизайну, 2018. https://er.knutd.edu.ua/handle/123456789/10734.

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Литвиненко, Галина Іванівна, Галина Ивановна Литвиненко, Halyna Ivanivna Lytvynenko, and O. Snytnikova. "Artificial intelligence: threats and promises." Thesis, Видавництво СумДУ, 2008. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/16063.

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There are any number of vaguely plausible reasons why Friendly AI might be humanly impossible, and it is still more likely that the problem is. But one should not so quickly write of the challenge, especially considering the stakes. When you are citing the document, use the following link http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/16063
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O, Goncharenko T. "ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE: PROS AND CONS." Thesis, Національний авіаційний університет, 2017. http://er.nau.edu.ua/handle/NAU/28073.

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Wong, Alison. "Artificial Intelligence for Astronomical Imaging." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2023. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/30068.

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Astronomy is the ultimate observational science. Objects outside our solar system are beyond our reach, so we are limited to acquiring knowledge at a distance. This motivates the need to advance astrophysical imaging technologies, particularly for the field of high contrast imaging, where some of the most highly prized science goals require high fidelity imagery of exoplanets and of the circumstellar structures associated with stellar and planetary birth. Such technical capabilities address questions of both the birth and death of stars which in turn informs the grand recycling of matter in th
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Peurifoy, John Edward. "The physics of artificial intelligence." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2018. https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/122844.

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Thesis: S.B., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, 2018<br>Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (pages 83-87).<br>In this thesis, I explore both what Physics can lend to the world of artificial intelligence, and how artificial intelligence can enhance the world of physics. In the first chapter I propose a method to use artificial neural networks to approximate light scattering by multilayer nanoparticles. This neural network model is experimentally shown to describe the system well, and is then further used to solve the inverse d
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Ashwood, Andrew J. "Portfolio selection using artificial intelligence." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2014. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/66229/1/Andrew_Ashwood_Thesis.pdf.

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The application of artificial intelligence in finance is relatively new area of research. This project employed artificial neural networks (ANNs) that use both fundamental and technical inputs to predict future prices of widely held Australian stocks and use these predicted prices for stock portfolio selection over a long investment horizon. The research involved the creation and testing of a large number of possible network configurations and draws conclusions about ANN architectures and their overall suitability for the purpose of stock portfolio selection.
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Guerra, Ana. "Millennial Consumption Values in Artificial Intelligence : An exploratory study of millennial consumer values in artificial intelligence." Thesis, Högskolan i Jönköping, Internationella Handelshögskolan, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-39611.

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Artificial intelligence is rapidly progressing and could be the next technological revolution we see. The idea of AI is no longer farfetched and is becoming more present; individuals are showing a very diverse set of opinions regarding AI. We are currently being the first generation of people to be introduced to AI assets. As this striving new topic is developing the research existing today regarding AI is predominantly based on a technical perspective, and a gap concerning consumer values and AI, applied on millennial’s consumer values is present. The purpose of this study is to explore Mille
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Sweat, Patricia A. "The importance of artificial intelligence for Naval intelligence training simulations." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2006. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion/06Sep%5FSweat.pdf.

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Thesis (M.S. in Modeling, Virtual Environments, and Simulation (MOVES))--Naval Postgraduate School, September 2006.<br>Thesis Advisor(s): Christian J. Darken, Perry McDowell. "September 2006." Includes bibliographical references (p. 65). Also available in print.
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Pearson, Kyle A., Leon Palafox, and Caitlin A. Griffith. "Searching for exoplanets using artificial intelligence." OXFORD UNIV PRESS, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/627143.

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In the last decade, over a million stars were monitored to detect transiting planets. Manual interpretation of potential exoplanet candidates is labour intensive and subject to human error, the results of which are difficult to quantify. Here we present a new method of detecting exoplanet candidates in large planetary search projects that, unlike current methods, uses a neural network. Neural networks, also called 'deep learning' or 'deep nets', are designed to give a computer perception into a specific problem by training it to recognize patterns. Unlike past transit detection algorithms, dee
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Krebs, Peter R. History &amp Philosophy of Science UNSW. "Turing machines, computers and artificial intelligence." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. History & Philosophy of Science, 2002. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/19053.

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This work investigates some of the issues and consequences for the field of artificial intelligence and cognitive science, which are related to the perceived limits of computation with current digital equipment. The Church -Turing thesis and the specific properties of Turing machines are examined and some of the philosophical 'in principle' objections, such as the application of G??del's incompleteness theorem, are discussed. It is argued that the misinterpretation of the Church-Turing thesis has led to unfounded assumptions about the limitations of computing machines in general. Modern digita
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50

Uthus, David C. "Sports scheduling: an artificial intelligence approach." Thesis, University of Auckland, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2292/5839.

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This thesis looks at the Traveling Tournament Problem (TTP) from the sports scheduling literature. It presents two approaches to this problem: a metaheuristic Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) approach to nd good solutions in a reasonable time frame and a heuristic search Iterative-Deepening-A* (IDA*) approach to nd optimal solutions. The rst approach combines ACO with constraint processing techniques in order to handle the hard constraints of the TTP. The key component is creating a framework which uses forward-checking and con ict-directed backjumping to handle the constraints while u
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