Academic literature on the topic 'Artificial islands Design and construction'

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Journal articles on the topic "Artificial islands Design and construction"

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Juliastuti, Juliastuti, Oki Setyandito, Christian Cahyono, Andryan Suhendra, and Martin Anda. "A Review of Embankment Design on Artificial Islands by Dredge Material to Mitigate Flooding." Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research 15, no. 2 (2025): 20805–10. https://doi.org/10.48084/etasr.8758.

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Sedimentation in Lake Tempe, South Sulawesi, Indonesia, has led to significant reductions in the water storage capacity, necessitating dredging efforts and the reuse of Dredged Material (DM) for artificial island construction. This study focuses on designing stable embankments for these islands, which face heightened risks of failure due to the use of low-quality backfill materials and the extreme hydrological conditions. The objective is to determine the required embankment height and assess the effectiveness of geosynthetics and bamboo piles in enhancing slope stability. A comprehensive approach was employed, combining hydrological and geotechnical analyses. The hydrological analysis, based on the 20-year (Q20) and 50-year (Q50) return periods, determined embankment heights of 8.36 meters and 9.2 meters, respectively. The geotechnical analysis using slope stability models revealed that geosynthetic reinforcement significantly outperformed bamboo piles, achieving safety factors well above the critical threshold (1.25) compared to the sub-threshold values for the bamboo piles. These findings underscore the critical role of geosynthetics in mitigating failure risks and enhancing the resilience of embankments constructed with DM.
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Турлов, А. Г. "МАТЕМАТИЧЕСКАЯ МОДЕЛЬ ГОДОВОЙ ЭНЕРГИИ ВОЛН, ВОЗДЕЙСТВУЮЩИХ НА ИСКУССТВЕННЫЙ ОСТРОВ В АКВАТОРИИ ВОДОХРАНИЛИЩА". ВЕСТНИК ПОВОЛЖСКОГО ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОГО ТЕХНОЛОГИЧЕСКОГО УНИВЕРСИТЕТА. СЕРИЯ: МАТЕРИАЛЫ. КОНСТРУКЦИИ. ТЕХНОЛОГИИ, № 3(27) (15 березня 2024): 55–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.25686/2542-114x.2023.3.55.

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Освоение акваторий водохранилища для рекреационного использования предполагает создание объектов в береговой зоне. Однако с учетом изрезанности берегов и большого количества мелководных участков на равнинных водохранилищах не всегда удобно создавать рекреационные объекты на прибрежной территории. В этой связи определенные перспективы имеет создание искусственных островов на открытой акватории водохранилищ. Ими могут быть острова на намывном основании, на свайном основании или плавучие острова. В мировой практике можно увидеть достаточное количество примеров такого освоения акватории. Одним из основных вопросов при создании искусственных островов на открытой акватории является оценка волнового воздействия на сооружение. Особо важно сориентировать искусственный остров в плане таким образом, чтобы обеспечить минимальное суммарное ветроволновое воздействие на берега или минимальное воздействие на отдельные стороны, на которых располагаются места отдыха или стоянки пришвартованных судов, или, напротив, обосновать применение волновых генераторов энергии. Целью данной работы является разработка автоматизированной методики оптимизации планового размещения искусственного острова в акватории водохранилища с учетом возможного ветроволнового воздействия. Для достижения поставленной цели была разработана и автоматизирована в среде Mathcad методика, включающая последовательное выполнение нескольких блоков. В первом блоке выполняется статистическая обработка гидрометеорологических наблюдений с целью определения параметров ветра для акватории. Во втором блоке на основании трехмерной цифровой модели акватории определяются параметры развития волн для заданного расположения искусственного острова по всей совокупности румбов. На основании полученных данных определяются статистические параметры волнения для произвольно ориентированной искусственной береговой линии. В заключительном блоке выполняется моделирование ветроволнового воздействия на остров заданной конфигурации, дается оценка ветроволнового воздействия на отдельные стороны острова и весь остров при изменении его ориентации относительно сторон света. Методика позволяет получить исходные данные для проектирования искусственных водных объектов на акватории водохранилищ The development of the water areas in the reservoir for recreational purposes requires the construction of facilities in the coastal zone. It is not always practical to build recreational facilities on the coastal territory, nevertheless, because of the rocky coasts and plenty of shallow areas on lowland reservoirs. In this sense, there are some opportunities for the construction of artificial islands in reservoir open-water areas. These can be islands on an alluvial base, on a pile base, or floating islands. There are numerous examples of this type of water area development in international practice. One of the main issues arising with establishing artificial islands in an open water area is the assessment of the wave impact on the structure. Orienting the artificial island in the plan to provide a minimum overall wind-wave impact on the shoreline, or a minimum impact on certain sides where moored vessels or recreation areas are located, is particularly crucial. Or, alternately, it is also important to support the deployment of wave energy generators. Developing an automated process to optimise the intended positioning of an artificial island in the reservoir's water area while accounting for potential wind-wave effects is the goal of the work. A method was created and automated in the Mathcad environment to accomplish this goal, which included a number of sequential steps. To find the wind parameters for the water area, the initial step involves statistically processing hydrometeorological measurements. In the second step, the characteristics of wave development for a certain artificial island position along the full set of points are computed using a three-dimensional computer model of the water area. Based on the data obtained, the statistical parameters of the wave are determined for an arbitrarily oriented artificial coastline. The final step involves simulating the wind-wave effect on an island with a specific configuration and evaluating the impact of the wind waves on the island as a whole as well as on its particular sides when the island's orientation varies with respect to the cardinal directions. The method makes it possible to get preliminary information for the design of man-made bodies of water within reservoir water areas.
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Yang, Zhenglun, Changyuan Tang, Hasi Bagan, et al. "Groundwater Management in an Uncommon and Artificial Aquifer Based on Kc Approach and MODIS ET Products for Irrigation Assessment in a Subtropical Island." Remote Sensing 14, no. 24 (2022): 6304. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs14246304.

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Groundwater is a critical resource in remote and isolated islands where rainfall hardly provides a continuous and even water supply. In this paper, in a very rare and uncommonly found artificial aquifer on Miyako Island, far away from the main continent of Japan, with limited experimental results of evaluations of crop water requirement, MODIS ET together with crop ETc estimated from Kc coefficient from the nearest island were compared to determine the reliability of the MODIS ET and FAO-56-based ETc value. The testified Kc approach for sugarcane ET was used to assess the risk of irrigation water shortages using historical metrological data and to predict the future risk of irrigation agriculture under different scenarios of GCM models. It was shown that FAO-56-based ETc and MOD16A2 were both applicable for crop evapotranspiration on the island. Then, the response of groundwater storage to gross irrigation water requirement was analyzed to clarify the effect of irrigation on groundwater storage and the risk of groundwater depletion under current and future climatic conditions. Results showed that the construction of the dam efficiently secured the irrigation of sugarcane. Using historical climatic data (1951–2021), the influence of estimated irrigation water requirements on groundwater showed that in 296 out of 852 months, irrigation was heavily required. Over a 71 year period, there was absolutely no water for irrigation four times, or nearly once every 18 years. Under the future projected climate from four bias-corrected GCM models with two emission scenarios (2022–2100), the risk of groundwater depletion both in terms of frequency and duration will increase. Therefore, there is a need for either improvement of irrigation water management or additional construction of artificial aquifers on the island. The study proved the value of ET derived from remote sensing in areas lacking the support of experimental results. The methodology developed in the study can be potentially used to evaluate long-term irrigation demand and groundwater management over dry periods for engineering design or dam construction globally.
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Kana, Timothy W., Mohammad Al-Sarawi, and Michael Holland. "DESIGN AND PERFORMANCE OF ARTIFICIAL BEACHES FOR THE KUWAIT WATERFRONT PROJECT." Coastal Engineering Proceedings 1, no. 20 (1986): 187. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v20.187.

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One of the largest recreational waterfront projects ever designed (Sasaki Associates, 1979) is located along 20 kilometers (km) of the City of Kuwait on the Arabian Gulf (Fig. 1). Planning and design were initiated in 1976, and the first phases of construction were completed in 1985. Amenities included artificial beaches, promenades, waterfront parks, and an artificial island. Extensive armoring has also been installed, ranging from 10-ton, dolosse breakwaters to large, quarry-stone revetments. Total investment in the first two phases is upwards of US $100 million.
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et al., Owolabi. "Application of artificial intelligence in the Nigerian building and construction industry." International Journal of ADVANCED AND APPLIED SCIENCES 9, no. 10 (2022): 33–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.21833/ijaas.2022.10.005.

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The uniqueness and inherent complexities of the construction industry require the use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) to improve its processes and enhance overall competitiveness and performance. This study examined the awareness level and application of AI to provide useful insights into the state of AI applications in the Nigerian construction industry. A quantitative research design with the use of a questionnaire was used to obtain data from 53 construction professionals in the Lagos Island area of Lagos State, Nigeria. The professionals included Quantity Surveyors, Architects, Civil Engineers, Builders, and Estate Surveyors selected based on a purposive sampling technique. Data from the survey were analyzed with frequencies, mean, and ANOVA. The study found that most of the respondents were aware of the application of AI in construction, and there was no difference in the awareness level of the participants irrespective of their professional affiliations, organizational type, and organizational size. Generally, the most common application of AI among the participants surveyed were generative designs in BIM, measurement and estimating software, and the use of sensors in intelligent buildings. Moreover, design and project planning was found to be the most critical areas of need for AI in the study area. The study underscores the need for investments in other AI applications other than BIM and estimating software to improve productivity, performance, and enhance client satisfaction.
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Kurniawati, Ika, Beatriz Beaumont, Ramon Varghese, et al. "Conceptual Design of a Floating Modular Energy Island for Energy Independency: A Case Study in Crete." Energies 16, no. 16 (2023): 5921. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16165921.

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This paper aims to investigate the development of a floating artificial sustainable energy island at a conceptual design level that would enhance the energy independence of islands focusing on a case study on the island of Crete. This paper provides a baseline assessment showing the immense potential of wind and solar energy in and around Crete integrating the third significant renewable energy source (RES) of ocean waves into the energy island. The selection of the best location for the floating offshore platforms that compose the energy island is addressed through exploiting the great potential of the above-mentioned RES, taking into consideration criteria with regard to several significant human activities. To this end, the concept of an innovative floating modular energy island (FMEI) that integrates different renewable energy resources is proposed; in addition, a case study that focuses on the energy independency of a big island illustrates the concept referring to the substitution of the local thermal power plants that are currently in operation in Crete with sustainable energy power. Although focused on the renewable energy resources around Crete, the work of this paper provides a basis for a systematic offshore renewable energy assessment as it proposes a new methodology that could be used anywhere around the globe.
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Li, Guangrong, Chaoying Zhao, Baohang Wang, Xiaojie Liu, and Hengyi Chen. "Land Subsidence Monitoring and Dynamic Prediction of Reclaimed Islands with Multi-Temporal InSAR Techniques in Xiamen and Zhangzhou Cities, China." Remote Sensing 14, no. 12 (2022): 2930. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs14122930.

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Artificial islands and land reclamation are one of the most important ways to expand urban space in coastal cities. Long-term consolidation of reclaimed material and compaction of marine sediments can cause ground subsidence, which may threaten the buildings and infrastructure on the reclaimed lands. Therefore, it is crucial to monitor the land subsidence and predict the future deformation trend to mitigate the damage and take measures for the land reclamation and any infrastructure. In this paper, a total of 125 SAR images acquired by the C-band Sentinel-1A satellite between June 2017 and September 2021 are collected. The small baseline subsets (SBAS) SAR interferometry (InSAR) method is first conducted to detect the land deformation in Xiamen and Zhangzhou cities of Fujian Province, China, and the distributed scatterers (DS)-InSAR method is used to recover the complete deformation history of some typical areas including Xiamen Airport in Dadeng Island and Shuangyu Island. Then, the sequential estimation and the geotechnical model are jointly applied to demonstrate the current and future evolution of land subsidence of the constructed roads on Shuangyu Island. The results show that the maximum cumulative deformation reaches 425 mm of Xiamen Xiang’an Airport and 626 mm of Shuangyu Island, and the maximum deformation is predicted to be as large as 1.1 m by 2026 of Shuangyu Island. This research will provide important guidelines for the design and construction of Xiamen Xiang’an Airport and Shuangyu Island to prevent and control land subsidence.
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Yan, Yeyu, Guoliang Dai, Zhiwei Chen, Tao Hu, Weiming Gong, and Chenchen Shi. "Experimental Study of Negative Skin Friction of Pile Group Foundations for Offshore Wind Turbines on Artificial Islands." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 12, no. 8 (2024): 1386. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse12081386.

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Constructing offshore wind turbines on artificial islands is considered a viable option, but negative skin friction (NSF) is a significant adverse factor that cannot be ignored. The NSF adversely affects the bearing capacity of pile foundations. Currently, design methods for studying the impact of NSF group effects mainly rely on empirical approaches. Moreover, existing experimental studies do not simulate the NSF experienced by offshore wind turbine pile groups on artificial islands. In order to further explore the impact of pile group effects on NSF experienced by offshore wind turbine pile foundations on artificial islands, this study conducted indoor model tests on single piles and 3 × 3 rectangular pile groups in sandy soil under uniformly distributed loading on surrounding soil. The experiment measured the settlement of piles at various positions within single piles and rectangular pile groups, as well as the settlement of the soil surrounding the piles and the NSF. Through calculations, the experiment determined the neutral points and NSF group effect coefficients for each pile. The results indicate that densely spaced pile groups are advantageous in reducing settlement of the surrounding soil, thereby mitigating the adverse effects of NSF. Due to the influence of pile group effects, different positions within the group experience varying degrees of NSF. Consequently, in practical engineering applications, settlement of both the pile groups and the surrounding soil should be calculated separately. Furthermore, design considerations for the uplift forces and neutral points of piles at different positions within the pile group should adhere to distinct standards.
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Hu, Xiang Dong, and Jin Tai Wang. "The Triaxial Shear Test of Artificially Frozen Soils in Tunnel Construction of Hong Kong." Applied Mechanics and Materials 353-356 (August 2013): 1653–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.353-356.1653.

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Three kinds of frozen soils were tested for artificial ground freezing (AGF) project in the tunnel construction of Stonecutters Island Sewage Treatment Works, Hong Kong. Triaxial shear test was conducted to obtain shear strength of frozen soils. From the test, Mohr circles and their envelopes were obtained. According to Mohr circles, shear strength of the three soils was gained. Comparing the three soils, we found the potential weaken layer which might cause failure in the construction. All the parameters obtained can be used in design and construction of AGF practice.
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Ma, Jinchao, Wei Zhong, and Xiaoliu Zhu. "Safety Management in Sea Reclamation Construction: A Case Study of Sanya Airport, China." Advances in Civil Engineering 2020 (July 16, 2020): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/2910612.

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Urbanization has increased the burden on land resources. Artificial island construction has been proven as an effective method for addressing these land resource problems; however, few studies have been conducted on the safety of sea reclamation construction. This paper proposes a systemic approach to the complete safety management process in sea reclamation engineering, including safety system design, analysis, control, and assessment, using the Sanya Sea Reclamation Airport, Hainan Province, China, as a case study. A total of 145 steel cylinders must be vibrated and sunk into the seafloor to create a 9 km quay wall. Owing to their large size, the steel cylinders have been divided into different segments, and an assembly jig is employed to ensure a safe production process. Considering the hazardous working environment in sea reclamation construction, a numerical analysis is conducted to investigate the safe repertory of these steel cylinders and verify the reliability of the selected scheme for their transportation. Finally, control measures are adopted to ensure a safe vibration and sinking procedure for the steel cylinders. The proposed approach could be used to provide safety management guidelines for artificial island engineering and construction.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Artificial islands Design and construction"

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Steele, Alexander Gabriel. "Biomimetic Design and Construction of a Bipedal Walking Robot." PDXScholar, 2018. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/4486.

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Human balance and locomotion control is highly complex and not well understood. To understand how the nervous system controls balance and locomotion works, we test how the body responds to controlled perturbations, the results are analyzed, and control models are developed. However, to recreate this system of control there is a need for a robot with human-like kinematics. Unfortunately, such a robotic testbed does not exist despite the numerous applications such a design would have in mobile robotics, healthcare, and prosthetics. This thesis presents a robotic testbed model of human lower legs. By using MRI and CT scans, I designed joints that require lower force for actuation, are more wear resistant, and are less prone to catastrophic failure than a traditional revolute (or pinned) joints. The result of using this process is the design, construction, and performance analysis of a biologically inspired knee joint for use in bipedal robotics. For the knee joint, the design copies the condylar surfaces of the distal end of the femur and utilizes the same crossed four-bar linkage design the human knee uses. The joint includes a changing center of rotation, a screw-home mechanism, and patella; these are characteristics of the knee that are desirable to copy for bipedal robotics. The design was calculated to have an average sliding to rolling ratio of 0.079, a maximum moment arm of 2.7 inches and a range of motion of 151 degrees. This should reduce joint wear and have kinematics similar to the human knee. I also designed and constructed novel, adjustably-damped hip and ankle joints that use braided pneumatic actuators. These joints provide a wide range of motion and exhibit the same change in stiffness that human joints exhibit as flexion increases, increasing stability, adaptability, and controllability. The theoretical behaviors of the joints make them desirable for use in mobile robotics and should provide a lightweight yet mechanically strong connection that is resistant to unexpected perturbations and catastrophic failure. The joints also bridge the gap between completely soft robotics and completely rigid robotics. These joints will give researchers the ability to test different control schemes and will help to determine how human balance is achieved. They will also lead to robots that are lighter and have lower power requirements while increasing the adaptability of the robot. When applying these design principles to joints used for prosthetics, we reduce the discomfort of the wearer and reduce the effort needed to move. Both of which are serious issues for individuals who need to wear a prosthetic device.
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Rodríguez, Aguilar Juan Antonio. "On the design and construction de agent-mediated institucions." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/3033.

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El presente trabajo aborda la especificación, diseño e implementación de organizaciones abiertas de agentes. Se defiende que tales organizaciones pueden ser diseñadas e implementadas de manera efectiva como organizaciones electrónicas institucionalizadas (instituciones electrónicas) compuestas de un gran número de agentes heterogéneos (tanto humanos como software) adoptando diversos roles e interactuando por medio de ilocuciones. Adicionalmente postulamos que el diseño y la implementación de instituciones electrónicas deben ser guiadas por una metodología bien fundamentada. Es por ello que proponemos una especificación formal de instituciones electrónicas que fundamente su diseño, análisis e implementación<br/>A continuación presentamos un modelo computacional que emerge de y fielmente captura la formalización resultante de la noción de institución electrónica. Nuestro modelo computacional se define y explota sobre la base de la noción de mediación para fundamentar la construcción de infraestructuras para instituciones electrónicas. Así, proponemos construir instituciones electrónicas a partir de agentes institucionales ---agentes en los que la institución delega sus servicios e interagentes ---agentes software autónomos dedicados a mediar la interacción entre cada agente y la sociedad de agentes en el marco de una institución electrónica. De esta manera las instituciones electrónicas son concebidas computacionalmente como instituciones electrónicas mediadas por agentes, ya que tanto los servicios institucionales como las interacciones son mediados por agentes.<br/>Ilustramos la construcción práctica de instituciones electrónicas mediadas por agentes describiendo el desarrollo de una casa electrónica de subastas inspirada en las lonjas de pescado tradicionales donde agentes heterogéneos (humanos y software) pueden comerciar.<br/>Finalmente presentamos la evolución de la casa de subastas electrónicas a una plataforma para la experimentación en escenarios de subasta. Mostramos cómo en tales escenarios agentes compradores y vendedores de diferentes complejidades participan en subastas definidas de acuerdo a unas condiciones de mercado estandarizadas, siendo evaluados en función de su rendimiento en el mercado. Desde nuestro punto de vista tales escenarios competitivos constituyen interesantes y ricos dominios en los que estudiar cuestiones generales relacionadas con arquitecturas de agentes que comercian y, más específicamente, con sus comportamientos estratégicos.<br>This thesis focuses on the specification, design and implementation of open agent organisations. We argue that open agent organisations can be effectively designed and implemented as institutionalised electronic organisations (electronic institutions) composed of a vast amount of heterogeneous (human and software) agents playing different roles and interacting by means of speech acts. Then we take the view that the design and development of electronic institutions must be guided by a principled methodology. For this purpose we propose a formal specification of electronic institutions that founds their design, analysis and development.<br/>Next we present a computational model that arises from and fully captures the resulting formalisation of electronic institution. Our computational model strongly relies on and exploits the notion of mediation for founding the realisation of electronic institutions' infrastructures. Thus we propose how to fully realise an electronic institution based on institutional agents ---the agents to which the institution delegates its services--- and interagents ---autonomous software agents devoted to mediating the interaction between each agent and the agent society in the framework of an electronic institution. Therefore electronic institutions are computationally conceived as agent-mediated electronic institutions since both institutional services and interactions are mediated by agents.<br/>We illustrate the practical realisation of agent-mediated electronic institutions by describing the development of an electronic auction house inspired by the age old institution of the fish market where heterogeneous (software and human) agents may trade.<br/>Lastly we present the evolution of the electronic auction house into a test-bed for experimenting with auction-based trading scenarios. We show how in these scenarios trading agents of arbitrary complexity participate in auctions under a collection of standardised market conditions and are evaluated according to their actual market performance. We argue that such competitive situations constitute convenient problem domains in which to study issues related with trading agent architectures in general and agent-based trading strategies in particular.
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Budianto, Irene Arianti. "A collaborative optimization approach to improve the design and deployment of satellite constellations." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/12384.

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Макух, Надія Сергіївна, Людмила Миколаївна Бармашина, Lyudmila Barmashina та Nadiya Makuh. "Принципи проектування та будівництва морських аеропортів". Thesis, Національний авіаційний університет, 2018. http://er.nau.edu.ua/handle/NAU/37952.

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Wang, Xiaoping, and 王曉平. "Generalized artificial finger joint design process employing reverse engineering techniques." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2003. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B2953527X.

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Dwyer, Paul Raymond. "The design, construction and use of the Bay of Islands dory, a study in tradition and culture." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape4/PQDD_0016/MQ54882.pdf.

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Dwyer, Paul. "The design, construction and use of the Bay of Islands dory : a study in tradition and culture /." Internet access available to MUN users only, 2000. http://collections.mun.ca/u?/theses,145201.

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Van, Wyk Hendrik Petrus Daniel. "Design and construction of a modem for satellite use." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/86580.

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Thesis (MScEng)--Stellenbosch University, 2014.<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: In this thesis the design and testing of the baseband components of a modem intended for use as a telemetry and control link for a low earth orbit satellite is presented. This includes parts of the physical layer as well as a basic data-link layer. Binary phase-shift keying (BPSK) is used as the modulation scheme and is realised by making use of software defined radio on a standard x86 computer with digital to analogue and analogue to digital converters that use a universal serial bus (USB) connection. The data-link layer makes use of a basic framing scheme and provides bit synchronisation, an automatic repeat request (ARQ) system and Bose Chaudhuri Hocquenghem (BCH) forward error correction (FEC). The ARQ system ensures that data is delivered reliably and the FEC improves the system’s performance in noisy conditions. A prototype system was developed to test the performance of the individual layers as well as the system as a whole. For testing purposes the Linux Internet Protocol (IP) stack is used as higher network layers. Radio frequency hardware developed by Verschaeve [1] modulates the signal away from baseband, transmits it over the air and receives it.<br>AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: In hierdie tesis word die ontwerp en toetsing van die basisband komponente van ‘n modem, bedoel vir gebruik op ‘n satelliet in ‘n lae-aarde wentelbaan, bespreek. Die ontwerp sluit dele van die fisiese vlak sowel as ‘n verbindingsvlak in. Binêre faseskuifsleuteling word gebruik as die modulasieskema en word verwesenlik deur gebruik te maak van sagteware gedefinieerde radio. Dit voer uit op ’n standaard x86 rekenaar wat deur middel van USB gekoppel is aan ’n digitaal-na-analoog- en ’n analoog-na-digitaal-omsetter. Die verbindingsvlak het ‘n eenvoudige ramingskema. Dit voorsien bis sinkronisasie, die hersending van verlore rame en Bose Chaudhuri Hocquenghem (BCH) voorwaartse foutverbetering. Die hersending van verlore rame verseker dat data betroubaar oorgedra kan word en foutverbetering verbeter die stelsel se vermoëns in ruiserige toestande. ‘n Prototipe stelsel is ontwikkel om die vermoëns van die individuele vlakke, sowel as die stelsel as ’n geheel, te toets. Tydens toetsing is die Linux Internet Protokol stapel gebruik vir die hoër netwerk vlakke. Radio komponente wat deur Verschaeve [1] ontwikkel was is gebruik om die sein uit te saai en te ontvang.
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Lam, Kwok-wai, and 林國偉. "Design and development of a new prosthetic device for proximal interphalangeal joint replacement." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2007. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B3889161X.

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Pratap, Rana Jitendra. "Design and Optimization of Microwave Circuits and Systems Using Artificial Intelligence Techniques." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/7225.

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In this thesis, a new approach combining neural networks and genetic algorithms is presented for microwave design. In this method, an accurate neural network model is developed from the experimental data. This neural network model is used to perform sensitivity analysis and derive response surfaces. An innovative technique is then applied in which genetic algorithms are coupled with the neural network model to assist in synthesis and optimization. The proposed method is used for modeling and analysis of circuit parameters for flip chip interconnects up to 35 GHz, as well as for design of multilayer inductors and capacitors at 1.9 GHz and 2.4 GHz. The method was also used to synthesize mm wave low pass filters in the range of 40-60 GHz. The devices obtained from layout parameters predicted by the neuro-genetic design method yielded electrical response close to the desired value (95% accuracy). The proposed method also implements a weighted priority scheme to account for tradeoffs in microwave design. This scheme was implemented to synthesize bandpass filters for 802.11a and HIPERLAN wireless LAN applications in the range of 5-6 GHz. This research also develops a novel neuro-genetic design centering methodology for yield enhancement and design for manufacturability of microwave devices and circuits. A neural network model is used to calculate yield using Monte Carlo methods. A genetic algorithm is then used for yield optimization. The proposed method has been used for yield enhancement of SiGe heterojunction bipolar transistor and mm wave voltage-controlled oscillator. It results in significant yield enhancement of the SiGe HBTs (from 25 % to 75 %) and VCOs (from 8 % to 85 %). The proposed method is can be extended for device, circuit, package, and system level integrated co-design since it can handle a large number of design variables without any assumptions about the component behavior. The proposed algorithm could be used by microwave community for design and optimization of microwave circuits and systems with greater accuracy while consuming less computational time.
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Books on the topic "Artificial islands Design and construction"

1

Shemuʼel, Ṿais. Iyim melakhutiyim be-ḥofe Yiśraʼel: Even derekh be-hitpatḥut medinat Yiśraʼel? Ḳatedrat Haiḳin le-geʼoʼasṭeraṭegyah, Universiṭat Ḥefah, 2014.

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Ewins, Peter J. Artificial nest structures for ospreys: A construction manual. Environment Canada, Canadian Wildlife Service, 1994.

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Richharia, M. Satellite communication systems: Design principles. 2nd ed. McGraw-Hill, 1999.

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Agrawal, Brij N. Design of geosynchronous spacecraft. Prentice-Hall, 1986.

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Ninomiya, Makoto. Anzen de takinō de hikakuteki anka na daitai gisoku hiza tsugite no kaihatsu, kaidan shōkō kara ranningu made (2-nen keikaku no 1-nenme): Heisei 22-nendo sōkatsu buntan hōkokusho. Nagasaki Kanae, 2011.

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Chen, Liemin, Dengyun Yu, and Jiajun Yuan. Wei xing jie gou she ji yu fen xi. Zhongguo yu hang chu ban she, 2004.

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Georgilakis, Pavlos S. Spotlight on modern transformer design. Springer, 2009.

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Council, Sports, Hockey Association, and All England Women's Hockey Association., eds. Artificial turf pitches for hockey: A planning, design, construction and management guide. Sports Council, 1990.

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Gulf States Marine Fisheries Commission. Guidelines for marine artifical reef materials. 2nd ed. Gulf States Marine Fisheries Commission, 2004.

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Center, Ames Research, ed. Improving designer productivity. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Ames Research Center, 1992.

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Book chapters on the topic "Artificial islands Design and construction"

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Bologna, Roberto, and Giulio Hasanaj. "A Systematic Catalogue of Design Solutions for the Regeneration of Urban Environment Contrasting the Climate Change Impact." In The Urban Book Series. Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-29515-7_54.

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AbstractThe article illustrates a research for the definition of a catalogue of design solutions for climate change adaptation in the process of urban regeneration, reducing the vulnerability to climate change impacts and increasing the city resilience. Based on the analysis of relevant case studies of architectural and urban projects in the main biogeographical regions of Europe, the paper describes the research methodology applied for the construction of a catalogue of spatial and technological adaptive design models mainly focusing on the category of “nature-based solutions” but also considering “artificial solutions”. In order to assess their effectiveness, different design alternatives are tested in a specific urban contest (a school courtyard in the City of Scandicci–Metropolitan City of Florence) prone to climate hazards of urban heat islands and pluvial flooding, simulating the impact on the more vulnerable user (children between 11 and 14 years old). For an adequate performance evaluation of multi-hazard effectiveness of the different adaptive design solutions, appropriate IT software and procedural models have been applied: ENVI-met microclimatic simulation software for thermal analysis and predictive method for hydraulic assessment. By comparing the results before and after the application, the climate-adaptive performance of alternative design solutions is measured through specific indicators. This approach is coherent to the design process management aiming to a predictive definition of performance evaluation through procedural models and digital instruments in order to properly address the complexity of architectural and urban project. The systematic catalogue of adaptive design solution offers useful tools and methods to designers and decision makers for the construction of climate change adaptation and mitigation plans in order to build a healthy and safe urban environment for citizens and drive an ecological and sustainable transition to green cities.
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Li, Bin, Jiaying Zhang, Xuelei Zhang, and Zhongke Tian. "Research on Deformation Characteristics of SCP Foundation for HKZM Bridge." In Advances in Frontier Research on Engineering Structures. Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-8657-4_39.

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AbstractTo further determine the bearing capacity of sand compaction pile (SCP) composite foundation in the West artificial island of Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao (HKZM) Bridge, a large-scale in-situ load test system was designed to study the mechanical and deformation characteristic of SCP foundation. The test adopts the anchor pile method, the results show that the stress sharing ratio of the underwater SCP foundation under the same replacement rate is closely related to the load and time. With the increase of load level, the curve of stress sharing ratio decreases first and then increases. Under the same load level, the ratio decreases gradually with time and finally approaches a certain value. Based on the analysis of site monitoring data, the settlement law of SCP is clear, and the error of the empirical formula is found. The stress reduction ratio and empirical coefficient are proposed to correct the original formula. The research results in this paper can be used to guide the design and construction of SCP foundation of cross-sea project.
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Klein, R., M. Buchheit, and W. Nutt. "Configuration as Model Construction: The Constructive Problem Solving Approach." In Artificial Intelligence in Design ’94. Springer Netherlands, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0928-4_12.

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Ribatti, Domenico, Beatrice Nico, and Elisabetta Weber. "Design and Construction of Artificial Blood Vessels." In New Frontiers in Angiogenesis. Springer Netherlands, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-4327-9_6.

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Taillard, Éric D. "Construction Learning." In Design of Heuristic Algorithms for Hard Optimization. Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-13714-3_8.

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AbstractThe first basic ingredient of heuristics is to build a solution. So, a first metaheuristic approach is to improve the process of building solutions. This chapter presents construction learning mechanisms. A typical example is artificial ants systems. Another technique is vocabulary building.
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Ramacher, Ulrich, and Christoph von der Malsburg. "Architecture and Chip Design of the Feature Recognizer." In On the Construction of Artificial Brains. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-00189-5_15.

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Ramacher, Ulrich, and Christoph von der Malsburg. "Architecture and Chip Design of the Feature Detector." In On the Construction of Artificial Brains. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-00189-5_16.

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Dzimko, Marián, Matúš Kovaliček, Eva Gajdošová, and Yoshinori Takeichi. "Experimental Verification of Tribological Properties of Thin Coatings for Artificial Human Joints." In Current Methods of Construction Design. Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-33146-7_54.

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Bekri, Moulay Ahmed, Abdellah Idrissi, Said Ouabou, and Abdeslam Daoudi. "Design and Construction of a Smart Agricultural Greenhouse." In Modern Artificial Intelligence and Data Science. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-33309-5_18.

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Bakhtari, Shirin, Brigitte Bartsch-Spörl, and Wolfgang Oertel. "DOM-ARCADE: Assistance Services for Construction, Evaluation, and Adaptation of Design Layouts." In Artificial Intelligence in Design ’96. Springer Netherlands, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-0279-4_36.

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Conference papers on the topic "Artificial islands Design and construction"

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Singla, Deepak, and Rajiv Ahuja. "Case Histories of Well Foundations in India-Design and Construction Challenges." In IABSE Symposium, Tokyo 2025: Environmentally Friendly Technologies and Structures: Focusing on Sustainable Approaches. International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2025. https://doi.org/10.2749/tokyo.2025.0603.

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&lt;p&gt;Most of the large rivers in India have alluvium silty sand beds which are erodible during high floods. Well foundations are the most common type of foundations in these rivers constructed with an age- old practice of sinking through such strata. Where the flow depth is large, floating caissons are fabricated and towed to the location. During the sinking process, various indigenous techniques developed over the years are adopted including grabbing the soil from inside the dredge hole, application of kentledge on top of the well, water jetting, cutting below the base if hard strata are encountered, blasting in rocky strata and sending divers inside the wells for cutting below the well curb. Making temporary islands where water depth is shallow is common over which the well curb is placed and well steining is cast. This paper presents case histories of the well foundations constructed recently in two of the largest rivers of India.&lt;/p&gt;
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Wang, Xiaoyong, and Dongdong Chu. "Construction Quality Optimization and Adaptive Control Algorithm Design of Intelligent Water Conservancy Project Based on Reinforcement Learning." In 2024 3rd International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Autonomous Robot Systems (AIARS). IEEE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/aiars63200.2024.00099.

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Zhu, Kai, Yu Liu, Jianfei Zhang, Yao Li, and Fangrong Liu. "Research on construction operation control information system and functional design of overhead transmission lines based on B/S architecture." In Third International Conference on Electronics Technology and Artificial Intelligence (ETAI 2024), edited by Feng Yin and Zehui Zhan. SPIE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.3045685.

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Yixin, Hong, and Jin Jiaqing. "Construction and Empirical Research of Personalized Design System for Smart Home Furniture Based on Deep Learning Neural Network and Kansei Engineering Principles." In 2025 3rd Cognitive Models and Artificial Intelligence Conference (AICCONF). IEEE, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1109/aicconf64766.2025.11064026.

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CHEN, Zhengwei, and Gang WANG. "Seismic Hazard Analyses of Northern Metropolis and Kau Yi Chau Artificial Islands in Hong Kong." In The HKIE Geotechnical Division 44th Annual Seminar. AIJR Publisher, 2024. https://doi.org/10.21467/proceedings.171.1.

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Northern Metropolis and Lantau Tomorrow are two major projects to alleviate the acute shortage of land in Hong Kong. The Northern Metropolis is a planning area consisting of North District and Yuen Long District in northern New Territories to provide an integrated living and economic region, while the Lantau Tomorrow targets to create a third core business district by constructing artificial islands with a total area of around 1,000 hectares through land reclamation near Kau Yi Chau. Hong Kong is a densely populated city with a moderate level of earthquake risk; however, there is still a lack of seismic hazard study and yet no seismic design code. In this study, seismic hazard assessment is conducted for Northern Metropolis and Kau Yi Chau Artificial Islands, based on Hong Kong uniform hazard spectrum for the 2% probability of exceedance in 50 years. For Tuen Mun and Yuen Long, 591 drilling boreholes are collected and interpreted to build the 3D regional geological model (20km × 20km); the physics-based simulation of wave propagation is performed to investigate the complicated effect of deep sedimentary layers and mountainous terrains. On the other hand, 104 boreholes around the Kau Yi Chau Artificial Islands are collected and interpreted, and 1D nonlinear site response analyses are conducted to evaluate the seismic hazard level before and after land reclamation.
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Abanades, Javier, Javier Ivars, Rafael Molina, and Carlos García. "The Application of Caisson-Type Solutions to the Current Offshore Wind Energy Market." In ASME 2018 37th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2018-77508.

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The current offshore wind energy market is not only focused on the design of WTG foundations, but also on the design of offshore infrastructures that lead to an improvement in the current grid connection system, such as artificial islands. For all these type of projects, caisson-type solutions can be applied with numerous advantages. The present article present three different projects in which caisson-type solutions were used: the foundation of a WTG (Gravi3® patent) in the Portuguese Coast, the foundation of a meteorological mast installed in Scotland and the design of an artificial island in the North Sea. The main advantage of this solution is the well-developed construction principle to build the caissons, which is based in the employ of a floating dock in a shelter area. As the caissons are cellular elements, the interior is empty; they float, so they are transported to the place in question to be deployed by means of filling with water the cells that comprised the caisson. This technology is rather used in Spain, being most of the kilometres of breakwater built using caissons thank to their high production rates. The three examples that will be presented in the article are proof of the versatility of this solution. Whereas the case of Gravi3® consists in a gravity based solution for WTG, which is comprised of 3 circular caissons connected by means of a steel tripod; the meteorological mast is formed by a rectangular caisson and a steel shaft. Finally, the artificial island is a mixed solution that uses caissons in the perimeter and hydraulic filling in the inner part. Furthermore, these solutions could be also applied in ports, integrating the WTG on the current or future dikes.
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Kaul, Karan, Nicolas Dupouy, Jose Jimenez, and Renny Ottolina. "Extending the Operational Limits to Target Mega Reach Interventions with Coiled Tubing: A study of the First 40,000 ft Long CT String Deployment Using Uniquely Engineered Energy Transportation Solutions." In International Petroleum Technology Conference. IPTC, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2523/iptc-22577-ea.

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Abstract The Coiled Tubing (CT) industry has been growing and constantly pushing the boundaries of established operational limits. This is in line with well drilling paradigm shifts in the middle east. The latest well developments in exploration and well construction demand the deployment of new intervention equipment and technologies to cover the full length of the pay zones. Drilling horizontal wells that push length boundaries, requires new engineered transportation solutions and logistics for independently moving, spotting, and operating CT reels with large Outer Diameter (OD) spools and strings to service mega reach reservoirs. An operator requiring an offshore CT intervention into 40,000 ft deep wells from the artificial islands of the United Arab Emirates (UAE), encountered challenging crane and transportation limitations to lift heavy 2-3/8" CT reel weighing approx. 200,000 lb. This, combined with a desire to improve operational efficiency in moving from well to well and eliminating large mechanical lifts, led to the design of a custom-engineered transportation solution for the large diameter and heavy CT spool. This resulted in a cost reduction for cranes and avoided previously lengthy operations potentially taking several days to move the limited availability heavy 500T cranes onto and around the island. In addition, equipment rental and associated operating costs of all the service companies involved in the operation were reduced and allowed tighter timelines to be achieved. Innovative technology application, custom processes, and an engineered analysis of the transportation and operation were combined to provide the operator with a successful solution for CT reel movement from shore to the artificial island along with the operational execution using the same asset.
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Kharchenko, I. Ya, and A. I. Kharchenko. "Technologies for the formation of soil-cement massifs when developing underground space in reclaimed lands and artificial islands." In General question of world science. Наука России, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18411/gq-15-10-2021-13.

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In order to harden or increase the soil impermeability formed when constructing hydraulic territories, injection cement-grouting technology can be effectively applied. Its obvious advantages include environmental safety, manufacturability, durability, and economic attractiveness. The soil conditions of artificial territories are characterized by extreme uniformity, which necessitates the use of various technical solutions for their hardening. The experience of applying various soil injection cement-grouting technologies that provide the specified efficiency of the design decisions made has been analyzed in the report.
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Tunji-olayeni, Patience, Clinton Aigbavboa, and Ayodeji Oke. "Critical Success Factors for the diffusion of Artificial Intelligence in the Nigerian Construction Industry." In 8th International Conference on Human Interaction and Emerging Technologies. AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1002810.

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Adopting Artificial Intelligence (AI) in the construction industry can improve construction processes, enhance competitiveness and boost the overall performance of the industry. However, the use of AI in the construction industry particularly in developing countries such as Nigeria is limited. This study examined the critical success factors for the diffusion of AI in the Nigerian construction industry. The study adopted a quantitative research design with the use of a questionnaire to elicit information from construction professionals in Lagos Island, Lagos, Nigeria. Data from the survey were analyzed with appropriate descriptive and inferential statistical tools. The study shows that institutional factors, behavioral factors, and cost factors were the most critical success factors for the diffusion of AI in Nigerian construction. Other factors included knowledge factors, infrastructure factors, technical factors, and trust factors. The study offers some insights into the critical success factors for the diffusion of AI in a developing country such as Nigeria.
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SO, Sunny TC, Leo CY SHU, Linda YW IU, and Lawrence KW SHUM. "Model Deep Cement Mixing Specification for Hong Kong." In The HKIE Geotechnical Division 43rd Annual Seminar. AIJR Publisher, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.21467/proceedings.159.18.

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Reclamation outside Victoria Harbour is one of the multi-pronged approaches of increasing land supply in Hong Kong and tops the agenda of the current-term Government of HKSAR in order to build up a land reserve in the long run to solve the housing problem. The Government has been proactively pressing forward studies for such new reclamation projects as in Lung Kwu Tan and Ma Liu Shui, in addition to those for Kai Yi Chau Artificial Islands and North Lantau. This calls for cost-effective planning, design and construction practices of reclamation works in Hong Kong in order to expedite land production in meeting the vision set in the Hong Kong 2030+. The Geotechnical Engineering Office (GEO) of the Civil Engineering and Development Department (CEDD) has taken steps to work hand in hand with practitioners, academia and relevant government departments to consolidate the experience gained from the recent reclamation projects in the territory to enhance the design and construction practices. Focus has been put not only on enhancing the quantity, speed, efficiency and quality of reclamation works, but also promoting the adoption of the latest smart technologies and green construction materials to set a new norm for sustainable development. The first deliverable is the model specification for deep cement mixing (DCM), a prevailing ground improvement technique used in non-dredged reclamation. This paper discusses the rationales and considerations behind the enhancements on the DCM construction specification that could benefit future reclamation projects, and moreover, the planning of and actions taken by the GEO in developing a state-of-the-art while practical local design and construction guide for different reclamation methods and ground improvement techniques.
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Reports on the topic "Artificial islands Design and construction"

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Ramirez Rufino, Smeldy, Manuel Rodriguez Porcel, and Orlando Perez Richiez. Drones in Construction: Unpacking the Value that Drone Technologies Bring to the Construction Sector Across Latin America. Inter-American Development Bank, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0004748.

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The use of drone technology in capital projects is an emerging area that holds promise for growth. Drones are becoming more widely available, and regulatory bodies are gradually allowing their use on a larger scale. With the development of software solutions that can effectively utilize data, drones are increasingly being used throughout the entire lifecycle of capital projects, including smaller infrastructure projects. The benefits of using drones in construction projects are numerous and include providing an unparalleled record of all activities, reducing planning and survey costs, increasing productivity, improving the accuracy of volumetric measurements, and mitigating disputes over the project's status. In the future, drone data will be integrated with CAD and BIM models and artificial intelligence (AI) to track construction progress and adherence to design automatically. While the construction industry has been slower in adopting new digital technologies than other sectors, leading global companies have widely adopted drones for capital project monitoring. In Latin America, drone adoption in the infrastructure sector is still limited, but early adopters have validated and are utilizing the technology. This report provides an examination of the current state of drone use in the Latin American region, including the benefits, barriers, early adopters, and what is required to promote its adoption.
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Pasupuleti, Murali Krishna. Sustainable and Affordable Global Housing via AI and Advanced Materials. National Education Services, 2025. https://doi.org/10.62311/nesx/rr425.

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Abstract: The global housing crisis demands innovative solutions that balance affordability, sustainability, and technological advancement. This research report explores the transformative role of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and advanced materials in addressing housing shortages, reducing environmental impact, and improving construction efficiency. AI-driven generative design, smart automation, and predictive analytics optimize resource allocation and enhance structural safety, while advanced materials such as 3D-printed composites, self-healing concrete, aerogels, and bio-based materials revolutionize durability and cost-effectiveness. The study examines the economic feasibility, policy frameworks, and global case studies demonstrating the real-world application of these technologies. Through a multidisciplinary approach, this report provides insights into how AI and sustainable materials can drive the future of affordable housing, ensuring scalability, resilience, and environmental responsibility. Keywords: AI-driven housing, advanced materials, sustainable construction, affordable housing, generative design, 3D-printed homes, self-healing concrete, smart automation, predictive analytics, energy-efficient housing, climate-resilient architecture, green building materials, urban planning, housing policy, robotics in construction, digital twins, AI in real estate.
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Morgan. L51992 Centrifuge Modeling of Frost Heave of Chilled Buried Pipelines. Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010951.

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This project considers some of the geotechnical and geothermal engineering issues that will need to be considered for the design and construction of large diameter gas transmission pipelines from the arctic production areas to southern markets. The challenges relate to determination of the frost heave and thaw settlement behaviour of a pipeline as it crosses from areas of continuous permafrost, through discontinuous zones to completely unfrozen ground conditions. The use of chilled gas will overcome some problems in already frozen ground but will cause frost heave where a frost bulb is formed through unfrozen ground. A series of centrifuge tests to model a 1.22m (48�) diameter pipeline, 25m (82) long has been performed to investigate the effects of frost heave on chilled buried gas pipelines. The use of centrifuge tests allows reduced scale models to be tested under similar geotechnical stress conditions and in significantly shorter duration than at full-scale. In addition, the use of engineered artificial soil allows a range of site conditions to be investigated.
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McFarlane, Aaron, Nia Hurst, Carina Jung, and Charles Theiling. Evaluating soil conditions to inform Upper Mississippi River floodplain restoration projects. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/48451.

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The US Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) has designed and constructed thousands of acres of ecosystem restoration features within the Upper Mississippi River System. Many of these projects incorporate island construction to restore geomorphic diversity and habitat, including floodplain forests. Soils are the foundation of the ecological function and successful establishment of floodplain forests as they are the basis through which plants obtain water and nutrients and provide critical ecosystem services. To improve floodplain forest island restoration outcomes, three natural and four recently (&lt;10 years) constructed restoration sites were studied to compare soil physical, chemical, microbial, and fungal characteristics. Constructed islands had lower soil organic matter and dissolved organic carbon and differed in nutrient concentrations, bacterial assemblages, and fungal communities compared to reference sites. However, soil enzyme activity and some microbial community characteristics were functionally similar between the natural and created sites. Results align with previously established restoration trajectory theories where hydrological and basic microbial ecosystem functions are restored almost immediately, but complex biologically mediated and habitat functions require more time to establish. Data from this and future studies will help increase the long-term success of USACE floodplain forest restoration, improve island design, and help develop region-specific restoration trajectory curves to better anticipate the outcomes of floodplain forest creation projects.
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