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Journal articles on the topic 'Artificial Scotoma'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 13 February 2022

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1

TAILBY, CHRIS, and ANDREW METHA. "Artificial scotoma-induced perceptual distortions are orientation dependent and short lived." Visual Neuroscience 21, no. 1 (2004): 79–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0952523804041082.

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Conditioning human observers with an “artificial scotoma”—a small retinal area deprived of patterned stimulation within a larger area of dynamically textured noise—results in contractions and expansions of perceived space that are thought to reflect receptive-field changes among cells in the primary visual cortex (Kapadia et al., 1994). Here we show that one-dimensional counter-phase flickering grating patterns are also potent stimuli for producing artificial scotomata capable of altering three-element bisection ability analogous to those results reported earlier. Moreover, we found that the m

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2

Shohara, R., M. Katsumura, and S. Naito. "Selective Filling-in of Large Artificial Scotoma." Journal of Vision 11, no. 11 (2011): 1060. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/11.11.1060.

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3

KALARICKAL, GEORGE J., and JONATHAN A. MARSHALL. "Models of receptive-field dynamics in visual cortex." Visual Neuroscience 16, no. 6 (1999): 1055–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0952523899166070.

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The position, size, and shape of the receptive field (RF) of some cortical neurons change dynamically, in response to artificial scotoma conditioning (Pettet & Gilbert, 1992) and to retinal lesions (Chino et al., 1992; Darian-Smith & Gilbert, 1995) in adult animals. The RF dynamics are of interest because they show how visual systems may adaptively overcome damage (from lesions, scotomas, or other failures), may enhance processing efficiency by altering RF coverage in response to visual demand, and may perform perceptual learning. This paper presents an afferent excitatory synaptic pla

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4

Seizova-Cajic, Tatjana, Nika Adamian, Marianne Duyck, and Patrick Cavanagh. "Motion-Induced Scotoma." Perception 48, no. 2 (2019): 115–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0301006619825769.

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We investigated artificial scotomas created when a moving object instantaneously crossed a gap, jumping ahead and continuing its otherwise smooth motion. Gaps of up to 5.1 degrees of visual angle, presented at 18° eccentricity, either closed completely or appeared much shorter than when the same gap was crossed by two-point apparent motion, or crossed more slowly, mimicking occlusion. Prolonged exposure to motion trajectories with a gap in most cases led to further shrinking of the gap. The same gap-shrinking effect has previously been observed in touch. In both sensory modalities, it implicat

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5

NAITO, Seiichiro, Ryo SHOHARA, and Makoto KATSUMURA. "Artificial Scotoma And Filling-In Induced By Mib." IEICE ESS Fundamentals Review 8, no. 4 (2015): 244–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1587/essfr.8.244.

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6

Hummer, A., M. Ritter, M. Woletz, et al. "Artificial scotoma estimation based on population receptive field mapping." NeuroImage 169 (April 2018): 342–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2017.12.010.

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7

Janssen, Christian P., and Preeti Verghese. "Stop before you saccade: Looking into an artificial peripheral scotoma." Journal of Vision 15, no. 5 (2015): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/15.5.7.

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8

Henderson, John M., Karen K. Mcclure, Steven Pierce, and Gary Schrock. "Object identification without foveal vision: Evidence from an artificial scotoma paradigm." Perception & Psychophysics 59, no. 3 (1997): 323–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3758/bf03211901.

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9

Wykes, V., R. Weil, and G. Rees. "Attentional load modulates time-to filling-in of an artificial scotoma." Journal of Vision 7, no. 9 (2010): 280. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/7.9.280.

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10

Varsori, Michael, Angelica Perez-Fornos, Avinoam B. Safran, and Andrew R. Whatham. "Development of a viewing strategy during adaptation to an artificial central scotoma." Vision Research 44, no. 23 (2004): 2691–705. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.visres.2004.05.027.

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11

Murakami, Ikuya, and Hidehiko Komatsu. "1635 Filling-in at an artificial scotoma of the monkey: Behavioral evidence." Neuroscience Research Supplements 18 (January 1993): S187. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0921-8696(05)81204-6.

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12

Weil, R., J. Kilner, J. D. Haynes, and G. Rees. "Neural correlates of perceptual filling-in of an artificial scotoma in humans." Journal of Vision 7, no. 9 (2010): 279. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/7.9.279.

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13

Weil, R. S., J. M. Kilner, J. D. Haynes, and G. Rees. "Neural correlates of perceptual filling-in of an artificial scotoma in humans." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 104, no. 12 (2007): 5211–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0609294104.

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14

Plummer, Richard, James Brown, and Jaeseon Song. "Using artificial scotoma fading to explore antagonistic interactions in figure-ground perception." Journal of Vision 18, no. 10 (2018): 805. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/18.10.805.

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15

Trauzettel-Klosinski, S. "Reading with Visual Field Defects." Perception 26, no. 1_suppl (1997): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/v970025.

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The influence of different visual field defects on the reading performance was examined with potential adaptive strategies to improve the reading process in mind. By means of an SLO, the retinal fixation locus (RFL) was determined with the use of single targets and text, and eye movements scanning the text were recorded on video tape. Additionally, eye movements were monitored by an Infrared Limbus Tracker. Visual fields were assessed by the Tübingen Manual and/or automatic perimetry. Normal subjects, and patients with central scotomata, ring scotomata, and hemianopic field defects (HFD) were

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16

Lazzouni, L., and D. Saint-Amour. "Modulation of orientation discrimination in artificial scotoma zone with transcranial direct current stimulation." Journal of Vision 14, no. 10 (2014): 54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/14.10.54.

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17

Chong, Luke X., Andrew Turpin, and Allison M. McKendrick. "Assessing the GOANNA Visual Field Algorithm Using Artificial Scotoma Generation on Human Observers." Translational Vision Science & Technology 5, no. 5 (2016): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/tvst.5.5.1.

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18

Weil, R., and G. Rees. "Perceptual filling-in of an artificial scotoma shows retinotopic specificity in human visual cortex." Journal of Vision 8, no. 6 (2010): 1011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/8.6.1011.

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19

Weerd, Peter De, Ricardo Gattass, Robert Desimone, and Leslie G. Ungerleider. "Responses of cells in monkey visual cortex during perceptual filling-in of an artificial scotoma." Nature 377, no. 6551 (1995): 731–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/377731a0.

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20

Weil, Rimona S., Victoria Wykes, David Carmel, and Geraint Rees. "Opposite effects of perceptual and working memory load on perceptual filling-in of an artificial scotoma." Cognitive Neuroscience 3, no. 1 (2011): 36–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17588928.2011.603829.

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21

Weil, R. S., S. Watkins, and G. Rees. "Neural correlates of perceptual completion of an artificial scotoma in human visual cortex measured using functional MRI." NeuroImage 42, no. 4 (2008): 1519–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2008.06.007.

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22

Laurin, Anne-Sophie, Trang Tran, Gunnar Blohm, Laure Pisella, and Aarlenne Z. Khan. "AB060. Peripheral attentional allocation during visual search in the presence of an artificial scotoma in younger and older adults." Annals of Eye Science 3 (March 2018): AB060. http://dx.doi.org/10.21037/aes.2018.ab060.

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23

Das, A., and C. D. Gilbert. "Receptive field expansion in adult visual cortex is linked to dynamic changes in strength of cortical connections." Journal of Neurophysiology 74, no. 2 (1995): 779–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1995.74.2.779.

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1. Receptive field (RF) sizes of neurons in adult primary visual cortex are dynamic, expanding and contracting in response to alternate stimulation outside and within the RF over periods ranging from seconds to minutes. The substrate for this dynamic expansion was shown to lie in cortex, as opposed to subcortical parts of the visual pathway. The present study was designed to examine changes in cortical connection strengths that could underlie this observed plasticity by measuring the changes in cross-correlation histograms between pairs of primary visual cortex neurons that are induced to dyna

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24

Solomon, J. A., and M. J. Morgan. "The lingering effects of artificial scotomata." Journal of Vision 4, no. 8 (2004): 222. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/4.8.222.

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25

Song, Youngmin, Lydia Ouchene, and Aarlenne Zein Khan. "Saccadic adaptation in the presence of artificial central scotomas." Journal of Vision 21, no. 1 (2021): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/jov.21.1.8.

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26

Reich, Lewis N., Dennis M. Levi, and Laura J. Frishman. "Dynamic random noise shrinks the twinkling aftereffect induced by artificial scotomas." Vision Research 40, no. 7 (2000): 805–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0042-6989(99)00215-1.

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27

Eizenman, M., R. Sapir-Pichhadze, C. A. Westall, A. M. Wong, H. Lee, and Y. Morad. "Eye-Movement Responses to Disparity Vergence Stimuli with Artificial Monocular Scotomas." Current Eye Research 31, no. 6 (2006): 471–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02713680600693637.

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28

Yang, Dongsheng, Richard W. Hertle, Mingxia Zhu, Zheng Tai, Eric Hald, and Matthew Kauffman. "Effect of Artificial Scotomas on Open-Loop Disparity Vergence Eye Movements." Optometry and Vision Science 92, no. 1 (2015): 107–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/opx.0000000000000441.

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29

Mihaylov, Petar, Velitchko Manahilov, William A. Simpson, and Niall C. Strang. "Induced internal noise in perceptual artificial scotomas created by surrounding dynamic noise." Vision Research 47, no. 11 (2007): 1479–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.visres.2007.01.028.

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30

Ramachandran, V. S., and R. L. Gregory. "Perceptual filling in of artificially induced scotomas in human vision." Nature 350, no. 6320 (1991): 699–702. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/350699a0.

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31

Gonçalves, Duarte P. "Systems Thinkers: Check Your Scotomas and Watch Your Language!" Cybernetics and Systems 50, no. 7 (2019): 609–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01969722.2019.1646016.

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32

Ashraf, M. Irfan, Zhengyong Zhao, Charles P. A. Bourque, David A. MacLean, and Fan-Rui Meng. "Integrating biophysical controls in forest growth and yield predictions with artificial intelligence technology." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 43, no. 12 (2013): 1162–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjfr-2013-0090.

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Growth and yield models are critically important for forest management planning. Biophysical factors such as light, temperature, soil water, and nutrient conditions are known to have major impacts on tree growth. However, it is difficult to incorporate these biophysical variables into growth and yield models due to large variation and complex nonlinear relationships between variables. In this study, artificial intelligence technology was used to develop individual-tree-based basal area (BA) and volume increment models. The models successfully account for the effects of incident solar radiation

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33

WENSVEEN, JANICE M., HAROLD E. BEDELL, and DAVID S. LOSHIN. "Reading Rates With Artificial Central Scotomata With and Without Spatial Remapping of Print." Optometry and Vision Science 72, no. 2 (1995): 100–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006324-199502000-00009.

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34

Lene, Paul, Trang Tran, Anne-Sophie Laurin, Romain Fournet, Frédéric Gosselin, and Aarlenne Z. Khan. "AB061. Changes in eye movement strategies during a discrimination task in the presence of artificial central scotomas." Annals of Eye Science 3 (March 2018): AB061. http://dx.doi.org/10.21037/aes.2018.ab061.

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35

Kim, Kwang Young, Stephen J. O'Leary, and David J. Garbary. "Artificial hybridization between Ascophyllum nodosum and Fucus vesiculosus (Phaeophyceae) from Nova Scotia, Canada." Canadian Journal of Botany 75, no. 7 (1997): 1133–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b97-124.

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Reciprocal crosses between male and female gametes of Ascophyllum nodosum (L.) LeJolis and Fucus vesiculosus L. were made from plants collected at Tor Bay, Nova Scotia. Crosses within each species were viable and resulted in normal zygote development. Hybrids occurred in low frequency in the cultures (ca. 1–5%) and developed either an initial rhizoid or underwent one or two internal divisions. Hybrid zygotes did not develop further. More developing embryos were observed in crosses when F. vesiculosus provided the eggs, and these zygotes developed longer rhizoids. Maximum development was to thr

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36

Revina, Yulia, and Gerrit Maus. "Comparing filling-in of spatiotemporal patterns in the blind spot, under occlusion, and across artificial scotomata." Journal of Vision 18, no. 10 (2018): 804. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/18.10.804.

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37

Parkash, Ravi, and Frederick Burge. "The Family's Perspective on Issues of Hydration in Terminal Care." Journal of Palliative Care 13, no. 4 (1997): 23–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/082585979701300404.

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We identified issues that are important to family caregivers when deciding whether or not artificial hydration should be provided to patients with advanced cancer. A qualitative study using semi-structured interviews was carried out in the home support and inpatient divisions of a palliative care program in Halifax, Nova Scotia. Participants included children and spouses of terminally ill patients who had dealt with or would soon deal with issues of hydration. Factors influencing caregivers included issues of symptom distress, ethical and emotional considerations, information exchange between

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38

Hula, Vladimír, Jana Niedobová, and Hana Šefrová. "Remarkable Spiders of Artificial Sandy Grassland Near Town Hodonín (Czech Republic)." Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 62, no. 1 (2014): 99–115. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun201462010099.

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Air blown sands areas and its habitats are very rare in Europe as well as many spider species, which occure there. Research was focused on spiders of sandy grassland and its ecotones near the town of Hodonín. Three lines of pitfall traps were used (one in grassland and two in its ecotones). Research took place in growing seasons of the years 2008, 2009, 2010 and 2011. Total number of collected adult spider specimens was 11743, they belong to 160 species and 21 families. It was found out, that 15 following species are included in the Red List of threatened species in the Czech Republic: Critica

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39

Floyd, Trevor A., Charles MacInnis, and Barry R. Taylor. "Effects of artificial woody structures on Atlantic salmon habitat and populations in a Nova Scotia stream." River Research and Applications 25, no. 3 (2009): 272–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rra.1154.

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40

Pulsifer, M. D., and T. B. Herman. "Comparative arboreal behaviors of wild-caught and captive-born deer mice, Peromyscus maniculatus Wagner, from Isle Haute and mainland Nova Scotia." Canadian Journal of Zoology 67, no. 4 (1989): 789–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z89-115.

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Locomotor, climbing, and nesting behaviors of wild-caught and captive-born deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus Wagner) from mainland Nova Scotia and from an isolated predator- and competitor-free island were compared in a laboratory observation room. Locomotor activity did not differ consistently between populations, but wall-seeking was significantly greater in mainland mice. When exposed to an artificial tree, insular mice made more climbs than mainland mice, but mainland mice climbed for longer periods. Climbing behavior differed little between males and females in any group. In a choice expe

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41

David, Erwan J., Patrick Le Callet, Matthieu Perreira Da Silva, and Pierre Lebranchu. "How are ocular behaviours affected by central and peripheral vision loss? A study based on artificial scotomas and gaze-contingent paradigm." Electronic Imaging 2018, no. 14 (2018): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.2352/issn.2470-1173.2018.14.hvei-504.

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42

Langille, Robert M., and Brian K. Hall. "Artificial fertilization, rearing, and timing of stages of embryonic development of the anadromous sea lamprey, Petromyzon marinus L." Canadian Journal of Zoology 66, no. 2 (1988): 549–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z88-081.

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For experimental analysis of agnathan (lampreys and hagfishes) development, the only choice at present is the lamprey, yet these animals present severe restrictions to their use. The average duration of the breeding period of mature anadromous sea lamprey, Petromyzon marinus, caught off the coast of Nova Scotia, is approximately 3 weeks, after which the animals die. At present no hormonal treatment or other method exists either to initiate precocious sexual development or to effectively increase the natural, limited fertilization period of this species. The present study demonstrates that by (

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43

Balch, Toby, Bruce G. Hatcher, and Robert E. Scheibling. "A major settlement event associated with minor meteorologic and oceanographic fluctuations." Canadian Journal of Zoology 77, no. 10 (1999): 1657–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z99-138.

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Settlement of ophiuroids (Ophiopholis aculeata, Ophiura spp.) was measured using artificial collectors at 3-day intervals during their annual 2-week settlement period in July-August 1993 in St. Margaret's Bay, Nova Scotia. Hydrographic (temperature, salinity, current velocity, wave height and period) and meteorologic conditions (atmospheric pressure and wind velocity) were recorded concurrently at the site or at nearby locations. A major settlement pulse occurred over one 3-day period, with declining settlement over the following 6 days. This pulse was associated with a shift in current direct

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44

Chang, Mahmud, Shin, Nguyen-Quang, Price, and Prithiviraj. "Comparison of Image Texture Based Supervised Learning Classifiers for Strawberry Powdery Mildew Detection." AgriEngineering 1, no. 3 (2019): 434–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriengineering1030032.

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Strawberry is an important fruit crop in Canada but powdery mildew (PM) results in about 30–70% yield loss. Detection of PM through an image texture-based system is beneficial, as it identifies the symptoms at an earlier stage and reduces labour intensive manual monitoring of crop fields. This paper presents an image texture-based disease detection algorithm using supervised classifiers. Three sites were selected to collect the leaf image data in Great Village, Nova Scotia, Canada. Images were taken under an artificial cloud condition with a Digital Single Lens Reflex (DSLR) camera as red-gree

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45

Storoni, Mithu, and David H. Hubel. "On the Failure of Completion of Lines Passing through the Blind Regions Related to the Optic Disc, and to Scotomas of Migraine Auras." Perception 40, no. 4 (2011): 503–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/p6771.

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46

Lo, Hanna, Alireza Ghasemi, Claver Diallo, and John Newhook. "Comparative study on logical analysis of data (LAD), artificial neural networks (ANN), and proportional hazards model (PHM) for maintenance prognostics." Journal of Quality in Maintenance Engineering 25, no. 1 (2019): 2–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jqme-07-2017-0051.

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Purpose Condition-based maintenance (CBM) has become a central maintenance approach because it performs more efficient diagnoses and prognoses based on equipment health condition compared to time-based methods. CBM models greatly inform maintenance decisions. This research examines three CBM fault prognostics models: logical analysis of data (LAD), artificial neural networks (ANNs) and proportional hazard models (PHM). A methodology, which involves data pre-processing, formulating the models and analyzing model outputs, is developed to apply and compare these models. The methodology is applied

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47

Bourque, Charles P. A., and Jeremy J. Gullison. "A technique to predict hourly potential solar radiation and temperature for a mostly unmonitored area in the Cape Breton Highlands." Canadian Journal of Soil Science 78, no. 3 (1998): 409–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/s97-089.

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A technique was developed to obtain predictions of potential solar radiation and temperature for a prescribed, mostly unmonitored, area in the Cape Breton Highlands region of northeastern Nova Scotia (46°39′N 60°57′W to 46°40′N 60°24′W). Hourly predictions of incoming solar radiation are based on relations of sun-earth geometry, clear-sky atmospheric transmittance, and land-surface attributes resolved from digital terrain and vegetation models. The digital vegetation model characterizes vegetation cover and is used to define the average midday albedoes for the area in question. Hourly albedoes

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48

Phillips, Mason, and Sergey Fomel. "Plane-wave Sobel attribute for discontinuity enhancement in seismic images." GEOPHYSICS 82, no. 6 (2017): WB63—WB69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/geo2017-0233.1.

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Discontinuity enhancement attributes are commonly used to facilitate the interpretation process by enhancing edges in seismic images and providing a quantitative measure of the significance of discontinuous features. These attributes require careful preprocessing to maintain geologic features and suppress acquisition and processing artifacts, which may be artificially detected as a geologic edge. We have developed the plane-wave Sobel attribute, a modification of the classic Sobel filter, by orienting the filter along seismic structures using plane-wave destruction and plane-wave shaping. The

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49

Gordon, R., D. M. Brown, and M. A. Dixon. "Evaluation of a cultivar-sensitive soil water model for the potato crop." Canadian Journal of Soil Science 76, no. 3 (1996): 275–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjss96-034.

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A modified version of the irrigation scheduling model SimISP (Simulating Irrigation Scheduling in Potatoes) was evaluated in terms of its ability to simulate the potato crop root zone soil water content through the growing season. The model uses daily radiation, temperature, humidity, windspeed, precipitation and seasonal crop and soil parameter inputs to estimate evaporation, transpiration, canopy expansion and dry matter accumulation. Recent cultivar-specific characteristics incorporated into the model allow for more precise simulations between cultivars.Simulations were conducted for rainfe

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50

Zhao, Zhengyong, Qi Yang, Xiaogang Ding, and Zisheng Xing. "Model Prediction of the Soil Moisture Regime and Soil Nutrient Regime Based on DEM-Derived Topo-Hydrologic Variables for Mapping Ecosites." Land 10, no. 5 (2021): 449. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land10050449.

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Ecosites are required for stand-level forest management and can be determined within a two-dimensional edatopic grid with soil nutrient regimes (SNRs) and soil moisture regimes (SMRs) as coordinates. A new modeling method is introduced in this study to map high-resolution SNR and SMR and then to design ecosites in Nova Scotia, Canada. Using coarse-resolution soil maps and nine topo-hydrologic variables derived from high-resolution digital elevation model (DEM) data as model inputs, 511 artificial neural network (ANN) models were developed by a 10-fold cross-validation with 1507 field samples t

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