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Journal articles on the topic 'Artisansz'
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Villaseñor Ortega, Gal, Georgina Cantú Muñoz, Valeria Pérez Meraz, and Rocío Abascal Mena. "Bioleta: collaborative mapping and a fairer trade for artisans." Avances en Interacción Humano-Computadora, no. 1 (November 30, 2020): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.47756/aihc.y5i1.66.
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BIOLETA is an interdisciplinary proposal, developed by using the User-Centered Design (UCD) approach, that aims to create a collaborative network to promote fair trade and the revalorization of artisanal work through an app that facilitates the sale of artisan’s products without intermediaries, which is a win-win for artisans and clients. The app, named BIOLETA for the biodiversity that artisanal work requires, has two goals: to create a reliable database of Mexican crafts after the self-registration of artisans from all over the country and therefore to facilitate the direct contact and relationship of artisans with buyers and institutions. The second goal is to generate a collaborative mapping of street vendors of artisanal work that do not have a digital presence. With the help of potential buyers, neighbors, and/or people interested in artisanal work, the "mapper" will introduce the possible geolocations, recommendations and if available, the contact information of the street vendors to increase their sales during -and after- the emergency caused by COVID-19.
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Vannini, Phillip, and April S. Vannini. "Artisanal Ethnography: Notes on the Making of Ethnographic Craft." Qualitative Inquiry 26, no. 7 (July 17, 2019): 865–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1077800419863456.
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Whereas the arts have acquired a greater role in ethnographic practice as of late, artisanship has not; artisans regularly remain subjects of ethnographic analysis rather than educators or sources of epistemological and aesthetic inspiration for ethnographers. As students of material culture and aesthetic practices, we argue that ethnography has a lot to learn from artisans and advance a vision for an artisan-inspired ethnography. In particular, we ask, “what would an artisanal ethnography be like?” “What can we learn from artisans as ethnographic educators?” “How would the artisanship-inspired ethnographer work?” “What would be his or her styles, tools, goals, and guiding principles?” Through a methodological reflection on the production of our film A Time for Making, we engage with these questions.
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Richomme-Huet, Katia. "Une interprétation des stratégies artisanales à partir des trajectoires professionnelles dans le secteur des métiers." Revue internationale P.M.E. 19, no. 3-4 (February 16, 2012): 51–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1008501ar.
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Cette recherche a pour objectif d’aborder les stratégies d’entrée et de sortie d’un secteur économique en observant les trajectoires théoriques et pratiques réelles suivies par les différents groupes composant l’artisanat. Après une modélisation du secteur des métiers et des populations référentes, il s’agit de proposer une démarche exploratoire afin de comprendre les trajectoires des artisans et donc de saisir leur comportement. Dans cette perspective méthodologique qualitative, nous procédons à la réalisation d’entretiens sous la forme de récits de vie et à une étude documentaire, bénéficiant d’un corpus de 24 entreprises artisanales. L’analyse de contenu dévoile une validation empirique de notre cadre conceptuel sous la forme d’une typologie, dont chacun des « idéaux-types » (artisan traditionnel de succession, artisan traditionnel de promotion sociale, artisan d’installation en logique entrepreneuriale et artisanat d’installation en logique d’insertion sociale) met en exergue l’histoire de leur trajectoire telle qu’ils la racontent, une interprétation et une modélisation de leur parcours passé, présent et futur. Les trajectoires professionnelles illustrent parfaitement les stratégies des artisans. Il apparaît notamment une prééminence des stratégies réactives lors de la création ou de la reprise de l’entreprise, phase cruciale pour un changement de secteur ou de statut.
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Ordóñez, Javier. "Domesticating Light: Standards and Artisanal Knowledge in Early Astrophysics." HoST - Journal of History of Science and Technology 14, no. 1 (June 1, 2020): 6–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/host-2020-0002.
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AbstractAstrophysics was born in the nineteenth century as a “New Astronomy” (in the words of Samuel Langley, 1884), a knowledge built primarily by amateurs who explored deep space by studying the Sun, stars and nebulae. They were credible enough to interest physicists who did research on the properties of radiation and hence came to constitute a solid and recognised discipline. The aim of this research is to study the contribution of artisanal knowledge in the construction of this new discipline at two distinct moments. The first, when artisans worked to find a standard to normalise the manufacture of the glass with which the lenses of refracting telescopes were manufactured. The most recognised of these artisans was Fraunhöfer. The second moment occurred when the experience of artisan knowledge enabled the manufacture of instruments that improved the traditional classification of the magnitude of the stars. The search for standards led to an alliance between artisans and scientists during the same period in which spectroscopy was carried out. In this case, a unit of luminous intensity was sought that could serve as a standard to classify the stars by their luminosity. Industries, university laboratories and astronomers interested in solar astronomy (such as Karl F. Zöllner), collaborated with the artisan manufacturers of measuring devices, and gave rise to a paradigmatic case of science and industry transfer.
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Ralley, Robert. "Alchemical artisans, artisanal alchemy." Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part A 37, no. 2 (June 2006): 344–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.shpsa.2006.03.004.
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Ondieki, Charles M. M. "Effect of the combination of Education level and Business location on product quality: The Case Study of Arc Welding in Small Scale Metalworking Enterprises in Kenya." Archives of Business Research 7, no. 10 (October 22, 2019): 75–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.14738/abr.710.7158.
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The quality of products from the micro and small enterprise sector is affected by both the entrepreneur’s and enterprise’s attributes. This paper presents and discusses findings of a study that was designed to investigate experimentally the relationship between the quality of arc in the Small Scale Metalwork sub-sector and the combined effect of the artisan’s education level and business location. A total of 36 artisans with secondary education and 36 artisans with primary education consisting of formally (35) and informally (37) trained artisans from urban (29) and rural (43) areas participated in the evaluation. A mild steel product was fabricated by each participating artisan, assessed and scores awarded based on the quality of arc welding. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to show any variation in the quality of arc welding; comparisons of means using the Least Significant Difference (LSD) at the alpha level of 5% were done to determine which pairs of artisans affected quality significantly. The study found out that artisans with secondary education performed better than those with primary education. The study also found out that artisans from urban areas performed better those from rural areas. The findings of this study provide evidence that higher level of education and urban location of business can improve product quality.
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Bakas, Fiona Eva, Nancy Duxbury, and Tiago Vinagre de Castro. "Creative tourism: catalysing artisan entrepreneur networks in rural Portugal." International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research 25, no. 4 (June 4, 2019): 731–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijebr-03-2018-0177.
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Purpose Given limited research about how artisans become integrated into tourism, the purpose of this paper is to investigate the emergence of artisan entrepreneur–mediators who link artisans to tourism in rural areas and small cities in Portugal. Using social embeddedness as a conceptual framework, this paper views artisan entrepreneur–mediators as existing within an entrepreneurial ecosystem. The paper investigates their role within this ecosystem and how social networks influence the artisan entrepreneur–mediators’ roles in connecting artisans to creative tourism. Design/methodology/approach The paper is based on new (2017 and 2018) empirical evidence developed through two rounds of semi-structured interviews of five artisan entrepreneur–mediators. Findings This paper finds that artisan entrepreneur–mediators in rural areas or small cities take on multiple roles as networking agents who organize and offer creative tourism experiences, providing the missing link between artisans and tourists. An analysis of the nuances of the operations of these artisan entrepreneur–mediators suggests that high levels of social embeddedness within local rural communities are important in order for these neo-rural entrepreneurs to attain their goals. Originality/value Originality lies in the identification of a gap in artisan entrepreneurship literature in a rural context. It is the first time that a critical analysis of artisan entrepreneur–mediators who facilitate the link between artisans and tourism is carried out in terms of social embeddedness, their roles and connections to creative tourism, and types of community engagement.
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Zasada, Mirosław. "Producción artesanal en el Tawantinsuyu." Estudios Latinoamericanos 10 (December 27, 1985): 67–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.36447/estudios1985.v10.art3.
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The paper describes the social and economic situation of the artisans in the Inca Empire (Tahuantisuyu). The study uses both historic linguistic and modern sources. Most of the artisan production took place within 3 different social groups: the conquered people, the peasants and the artisans from the coast. All artisans had to pay a tribute to the Inca authorities. Zasada's article also describes the different types of artisan and craft production.
English abstract/description written by Michał Gilewski
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Jourdain, Anne. "Des artisans d’art aux artisanes d’art." Travail et emploi, no. 150 (April 1, 2017): 25–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/travailemploi.7562.
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Okoye, Lawrence Jekwu, Amos Audu, and Tochukwu M. Oguegbe. "Emotional Intelligence and Self-Efficacy as Determinants of Ethical Work Behaviour of Artisan in Maiduguri, Borno State Nigeria." International Journal of Social Sciences and Management 3, no. 3 (July 28, 2016): 188–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijssm.v3i3.15259.
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This study investigated the role of emotional intelligence and self-efficacy on ethical work behavior of artisan in Maiduguri, capital of Borno State Northeast Nigeria. The study adopted behavioural theory of obedience as its main theoretical framework. Expos facto survey design was adopted for the study. Two hundred and eight-two (282) participants were selected accidentally for the study. Results revealed that artisans who reported with high emotional intelligence were significantly different in the level of ethical work behaviour compared to those who reported low level of emotional intelligence. Emotional intelligence does not significantly predict ethical work behavior of artisan and self-efficacy significantly predict ethical work behavior of artisans. However, it shows that emotional intelligence and self-efficacy jointly predict ethical work behavior of artisan. There was no any significant main and interaction effect of emotional intelligence and self-efficacy on ethical work behaviour among artisans in Maiduguri. Female artisans significantly reported higher scores on ethical work behaviour scale than male artisans. The study however recommended that management of the organization should send their employees (artisans) on sponsored training programme of the organisation which focused on enhancing their ethical work behavior.Int. J. Soc. Sc. Manage. Vol. 3, Issue-3: 188-192
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Arias, Ricardo Alonzo Cortez, and Allan Discua Cruz. "Rethinking artisan entrepreneurship in a small island." International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research 25, no. 4 (June 4, 2019): 633–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijebr-02-2018-0111.
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Purpose There is a growing interest in artisan entrepreneurs around the world. Scholars are increasingly interested in how artisan enterprises use tourism in a resource-constrained resources. Based on the concept of artisan chocolate entrepreneur, the purpose of this paper is to examine the phenomenon of artisanal chocolate making in a small island with limited resources yet influenced by increased tourism. Design/methodology/approach Artisan enterprises are considered relevant in developing countries and their creation merits further attention. This study examines artisan enterprises using in-depth interviews, case studies, and an interpretative approach. The approach enables examining how artisan chocolate enterprises use tourism to develop their businesses in a context characterized by limited resources. Findings The findings show that artisan entrepreneurs are encouraged to start and develop enterprises due to lifestyle choices. The findings reveal a connection between artisan chocolatiers developing place-bound features to address a growing demand of tourists’ expectation for authentic and local products. The approach of artisan entrepreneurs in such conditions can be explained through entrepreneurial bricolage. Originality/value This study contributes to the literature on the initial stages of artisan enterprises particularly in resource-constrained environments influenced by tourism. More specifically, the study provides evidence of the relevance of tourism for artisanal enterprise emergence, which is a relatively overlooked area in tourism and artisanal studies in developing countries. The study highlights the key place bound features that artisanal chocolate entrepreneurs associate to their products based on tourists’ demand for authentic and local products.
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Igwe, Paul Agu, Nnamdi O. Madichie, and Robert Newbery. "Determinants of livelihood choices and artisanal entrepreneurship in Nigeria." International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research 25, no. 4 (June 4, 2019): 674–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijebr-02-2018-0102.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to provide fresh insights into rural artisanal activities in a developing world context. It highlights key determinants of the decision to engage in an artisanal business and the challenges that impact upon the growth of these activities. Design/methodology/approach The study adopts a mix-method research approach to explore a rural setting where most respondents (81 per cent) combine farm and non-farm livelihood activities. Quantitatively, a multi-nominal regression is used to examine the determinants of diversified artisanal livelihoods. It modelled the differences between farming livelihoods that have not diversified, compared to those also involved in the artisanal activity or wage employment and the intensity of participation. Findings The findings show that nearly half of artisanal businesses (45.4 per cent) comprise only the owners and no employee, while 54.6 per cent employ one to three workers. Also, some artisanal ventures were more gender-specific than the gender-neutral activities. Other observations were in age (most artisans were under the age of 46 years) and vocational training (most were self-trained followed by a third receiving training only in specific areas such as technical works, building and construction and general trading apprenticeships). Research limitations/implications The study is based on a relatively small sample size of 306 business owners, which makes it difficult to generalise despite the persuasiveness of the observations made. Practical implications First, the use of econometric methods enabled the development of valid data sets (and various descriptive statistical and logit regression) to analyse determinants of the decision to engage in artisanal work, and the intensity of participation. Second, the ambiguity in categorising artisanal activities is unravelled. The study characterises the local artisanal sector and examines the intensity of participation. Without these, targeted support would remain elusive for practical and policy interventions. Originality/value Artisanal activities constitute a high proportion of small businesses in the study area – with more than half (54.2 per cent) of respondents being classified as artisans, yet it is an overlooked area of entrepreneurship. Highlighted here are both types of activities and challenges regarding better conceptualising the understanding of artisans and regarding this mostly unarticulated base of practice.
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Prasad, Sunil. "Livelihood Alternative among Patachitra artisan communities." BSSS Journal of Social Work 13, no. 1 (June 30, 2021): 7–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.51767/jsw1302.
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India is a rich country with various traditional practices like handicrafts which are ever glorious. Patachitra artisan community in West Bengal is famous globally for its quality paintings. The present study has examined the livelihood alternative among the Patachitra artisan communities in Bengal in India. Descriptive research design is used in this study, and data were collected using a structured interview schedule and participatory rural appraisal method. The study found that the artisans were entirely dependent upon handcraft and its allied activities for their livelihood. Their income, as well as saving, had been increased after getting an artisan card. The study also found that the artisans were not aware of the government`s various welfare schemes and facilities.
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Kusdarjanti, Endang, Okti Setyowati, and Sujati Sujati. "DESINFECTION SOCIALIZATION OF MAKING DENTURES FOR AVOIDING CROSS INFECTION IN DENTAL ARTISANS AT KECAMATAN SAMBENG, LAMONGAN CITY." Darmabakti Cendekia: Journal of Community Service and Engagements 3, no. 1 (June 28, 2021): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/dc.v3.i1.2021.13-18.
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Background: Since time immemorial the existence of dental artisans has been neglected, even though many members of the community are involved as consumers of existing dental artisans. The dental artisans at Resik Village, Sambeng sub-district, Lamongan City do not yet know the dangers of cross infection when making dentures and how to do to prevent it. Objective: This activity aims to increase the awareness of dental artisans to avoid cross-infection between dental artisans and consumers. Method: This activity for the Resik Village community was carried out in the form of socialization to dental artisan partners, demonstrations on how to use disinfectant materials to dental artisans, as well as evaluation and monitoring of programs in the field. Results: This activity program was attended by 40 dental artisan participants where only 10 participants participated face-to-face due to the Covid 19 pandemic. Thirty other participants were given a video socialization of the activity. Disinfection socialization activities were carried out in 2 ways, namely disinfection by immersing teeth in a disinfectant solution and by dipping the teeth in a disinfectant solution. spray method. Conclusion: The participants gained additional knowledge about cross-infection, the consequences of these infections, and how to carry out disinfection when making dentures.
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Anggriani, Yeni, Iwan M. Ramdan, and Dina Lusiana. "Faktor-Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Gejala Kelelahan Mata Pada Pengrajin Sarung Tenun Kota Samarinda." Husada Mahakam: Jurnal Kesehatan 4, no. 8 (June 21, 2019): 505. http://dx.doi.org/10.35963/hmjk.v4i8.152.
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Eyestrain is affected by several factors as follows the factor from the artisan itself, work factor and working environment factor. This research aims to know correlated factors with eyestrain symptom on woven sarong artisan of Samarinda City. Quantitative research with cross-sectional approach is done on September – October 2018 with total samples of 50 artisans (total sampling). Measuring instruments which are used are questionnaire and lux meter type DX-100. Data analysis uses Phi correlation test with a = 0.05. Research result shows woven sarong artisan who experiences eyestrain symptom as many as (64%), and woven sarong artisan who does not experience eyestrain symptom (36%). There are correlation between age (p = 0.000) and work time (p = 0.003). There are no correlation between daily working time (p = 0.090) and lighting intensity (p= 0.486). It is suggested to artisans to use toolkit such as magnifiying glass, to manage working time, and break time to minimize eyestrain occurrence. For artisan who uses lamp as main lighting source to pay attention lighting level which is used, in this case is lux lighting.
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Monger, Adeep, and Karma Wangdi. "Lead and Mercury Exposure and Related Health Problems in Metal Artisan Workplaces and High-Risk Household Contacts in Thimphu, Bhutan." Scientific World Journal 2020 (March 10, 2020): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/9267181.
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Background. Metal artisans have been using lead and mercury in their settings for centuries. Exposure to these toxic heavy metals causes adverse health effects. We assessed the occupational exposure of metal artisans and their high-risk household contacts at Thimphu, Bhutan. Methods. A cross-sectional study in which 134 metal artisan center employees and 48 high-risk household contacts were tested for blood lead and mercury levels. Sociodemographic data, occupational exposure risk factors, and clinical syndrome related to lead and mercury exposure were further obtained and analyzed using EpiInfo 7.0. Results. The mean age of the metal artisan center employees was 36.02 ± 10.3. The prevalence of elevated blood lead and mercury level was 38.4% and 51.9%, respectively. Significantly higher prevalence of mercury level was observed among the artisans compared to nonartisans (66.97 vs, 16.0). Among three centers, the goldsmith section of the Department of National Properties had the highest (94.1%). Profession as an artisan, mold designing, performing gold amalgamation, working for >8 hours a day, working for >5 years, and working at home were significant risk factors associated with elevated blood mercury level. Significant association was observed between elevated mercury level and complaints of burning or watery eyes (p=0.001), anxiety, nervousness, irritability, severe shyness (p=0.029), muscle aches (p=0.019), and stomach cramps or pain (p=0.009). Conclusion. The prevalence of elevated blood mercury level is concerning among the artisans. Advocacy, proper usage of personal protective equipment, awareness on chemical safety, and hazard associated with lead and mercury usage are needed to minimize the exposure.
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Marques, Carla Susana, Gina Santos, Vanessa Ratten, and Ana B. Barros. "Innovation as a booster of rural artisan entrepreneurship: a case study of black pottery." International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research 25, no. 4 (June 4, 2019): 753–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijebr-02-2018-0104.
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Purpose Rural entrepreneurship is an emergent field of study, with these start-ups becoming one of the most noticeable ways to promote rural development, but the few studies concerning innovation among artisans have thus far only been exploratory. The purpose of this paper is to examine the entrepreneurial artisan initiatives of young innovators in a peripheral northern area of Portugal where black pottery is produced. Design/methodology/approach Qualitative data analysis was carried out on in-depth semi-structured interviews with three young artisan innovators and entrepreneurs and one individual who functions as a cultural booster. The content analysis was done using QSR International’s NVivo Version 11 software. Findings These young entrepreneurs have developed commercial activities and introduced innovations (i.e. design and process) into black pottery production, while taking advantage of endogenous materials, local culture and traditional knowledge. These individuals have sought not only to generate their own innovations but also to keep their culture and local traditions alive, thereby contributing to rural development by establishing networks with local young artisans. Research limitations/implications Some limitations are linked to the sample’s size and basis in a specific geographic reality. Practical implications The findings provide a fuller understanding of why some rural artisan firms grow, suggesting that artisans’ networks and innovative and entrepreneurial behaviours play a key role. Originality/value This research’s results contribute to the literature on the role that innovation can play as a booster of rural artisanship through networks and entrepreneurship. This paper is among the first to discuss black pottery as a form of artisan entrepreneurship. The results underline the value of innovations and networks, which were found to be the core ingredients in rural artisan entrepreneurship.
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von Saldern, Adelheid. "The Old Mittelstand 1890–1939: How “Backward” Were the Artisans?" Central European History 25, no. 1 (March 1992): 27–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008938900019695.
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In 1892, an artisan from Cologne stated that “the reintroduction of the Befähigungsnachweis (proof of qualification) was always the most important issue—a vital question for the representatives of the artisans.”
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Kera, Denisa. "Science Artisans and Open Science Hardware." Bulletin of Science, Technology & Society 37, no. 2 (June 2017): 97–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0270467618774978.
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Open science hardware (OSH) are prototypes of laboratory instruments that use open source hardware to extend the purely epistemic (improving knowledge about nature) and normative (improving society) ideals of science and emphasize the importance of technology. They remind us of Zilsel’s 1942 thesis about the artisanal origins of science and instrument making that bridged disciplinary and social barriers in the 16th century. The emphasis on making, tinkering, and design transcends research, reproducibility, and corroboration in science and pushes to the forefront educational, emancipatory, and aesthetic and exploratory uses. I will use two recent projects, OpenDrop electrowetting platform and Open Source Estrogen that make but also reflect OSH’s playful, expressive, and performative strategies and define the present practices as “artisanal science.” These hybrid and ambiguous practices bridge divides between present disciplines and skills but they also define science as an everyday activity directly connected to the private and public interests of the citizens. To describe this epistemic and normative ambiguity of artisanal science, I employ Hannah Arendt’s 1958 critique of homo laborans and homo faber and claim that science artisans (citizen scientists, geeks, makers, and hackers) offer an alternative to professionalization of science as practiced in the university and R&D laboratories. Science artisans design and build instruments to engage in civic “vita activa” over instruments but also leisurely “otium” outside of the work and science labor. OSH in this sense empowers individuals and communities to explore new connections between scientific practices, public actions, and private interests (leisure). The science artisans strive for and explore sovereignty, dignity, and freedom in an age immersed in science and technology controversies by bridging the divides between art, science, engineering, and humanities.
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Shanmugam, Sindhu, and S. Ramakrishna Velamuri. "ToeHold Artisans Collaborative: Building Entrepreneurial Capabilities to Tackle Poverty." Asian Case Research Journal 12, no. 02 (December 2008): 187–213. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218927508001114.
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Toehold Artisans Collaborative (TAC) is a project launched by the Asian Center for Entrepreneurship Initiatives (ASCENT), a non-profit organization based in Bangalore, to build entrepreneurial capacity in a community of footwear artisans of the small southern Indian town of Athani. Prior to ASCENT's involvement, which began in 1998, the artisans of Athani were making a subsistence wage, which did not even guarantee them two square meals a day. They could not send their children to school and were thus suffering from economic stagnation. TAC is an established Group Enterprise of 14 women Self Help Groups (SHG). Even though women's SHGs are the direct stakeholders, the men are not left out — they are treated as co-preneurs for all inputs, exposure to international fairs and production purposes. The front end of TAC is a customer-centric business enterprise that has taken the exquisite footwear brand 'ToeHold™' to challenging international mainstream markets. The backend is an artisan-centric social enterprise striving for improvement in the quality of life of about 400 artisans' families. The case documents how TAC was set up and evolved during the 1998–2006 period, the challenges it faced and continues to face, and the impact it has had on the artisan community. It is useful for examining the effective organization and running of social enterprises.
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Groulx, François, and Jean-Richard Gauthier. "Résidence et liens de parenté des artisans de Montréal en 1741." Scientia Canadensis 24 (June 29, 2009): 7–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/800413ar.
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Résumé Les recherches sur les artisans se sont souvent attachées à mieux comprendre les aspects particuliers de chaque profession. Moins fréquemment, les historiens se sont attardés aux dynamiques propres à l’ensemble du groupe, en particulier dans le cadre urbain, lieu de leur regroupement. Dans cet article, les auteurs élucident certains aspects du comportement des artisans de Montréal à l’aide du recensement de 1741. L’objectif central est de comprendre l’incidence des pratiques des artisans sur leur répartition spatiale dans la ville. Ils tentent ainsi de circonscrire les facteurs qui déterminent les tendances aux regroupements entre ménages artisans. Ils affirment que les réseaux de parenté et l’appartenance à un métier artisan sont les deux causes de proximité de résidence. Ainsi nuancent-ils certains constats antérieurs de l’historiographie quant à l’existence et aux causes d’une répartition spatiale dans cette ville de la Nouvelle-France. De plus, ils abordent certains processus de reproduction sociale des artisans montréalais de cette époque.
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Susanti, Santi, Rachmaniar Rachmaniar, and Iwan Koswara. "Pelatihan Daring Aplikasi Media Sosial dalam Pemasaran Produk Kerajinan Bambu di Selaawi, Garut, Jawa Barat." Jurnal Pengabdian Pada Masyarakat 5, no. 4 (November 30, 2020): 943–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.30653/002.202054.666.
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ONLINE TRAINING OF SOCIAL MEDIA APPLICATION FOR MARKETING BAMBOO CRAFT PRODUCT IN SELAAWI, GARUT, WEST JAVA. The distribution of goods and services needs marketing to reach the potential customers. The development of internet technology expand the marketing of goods and services from traditional to online market. The bamboo artisans of Selaawi Subdistrict, Garut Regency, realized that it was necessary to market their products online to increase the market share of their craft products, which are currently distributed offline. The Community Service (PPM) Team of Fikom Unpad conducted "Online Training on Social Media Applications for Marketing Bamboo Craft Products in Selaawi, Garut Regency" for creative bamboo economic people in Selaawi Subdistrict, who have not used social media or not optimally used social media as a marketing and promotion channels for bamboo handicraft products. This PPM aims to elevate bamboo artisan’s knowledge in using social media to support the marketing and distribution of bamboo handicraft products directly to customers and sales agents. The social media skills is expected to invite buyers, and increase bamboo artisan’s income. PPM activity presented speakers who owned Amygdala Bamboo, the Head of Selaawi subdistrict, the coordinator of bamboo craft artisans in Selaawi, and PPM Team of Fikom Unpad. This PPM activity was conducted online through Zoom Cloud Meetings, which was attended by bamboo crafts artisans and other participants.
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Rennu, Madis, Liisa Tomasberg-Koidu, and Art Leete. "From ‘Heritage Adepts’ to Historical Reconstructionists: Observations on Contemporary Estonian Male Heritage-Based Artisanry." Journal of Ethnology and Folkloristics 12, no. 1 (June 1, 2018): 21–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jef-2018-0003.
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Abstract On the basis of ethnographic fieldwork, conducted between 2007 and 2013, the authors analyse the communities of male artisans that have had the most significant impact on the development of contemporary Estonian handicraft. A wide range of artisans were surveyed in the course of this research, from professionals who earn a living from handicraft to amateurs, small enterprises and handicraft instructors. The authors concentrate on the motifs and background of different categories of handicraft agent. Details of handicraft practice such as mastering specific items, local peculiarities and materials used will be also explored. The analysis is predominantly based on the artisans’ views on proper ways of making handicraft items, their marketing strategies and the needs of developing their skills. The study* demonstrates that artisanal initiatives support the material reproduction of cultural locations through constant renewal of heritage ideology and practice.
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Blondé, Francine, and Arthur Muller. "Artisanat, artisans, ateliers en Grèce ancienne. Définitions, esquisse de bilan." Topoi 8, no. 2 (1998): 831–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/topoi.1998.1795.
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Cadigan, Sean. "Artisans in a Merchant Town: St.John’s, Newfoundland, 1775-1816." Journal of the Canadian Historical Association 4, no. 1 (February 9, 2006): 95–119. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/031058ar.
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Abstract Artisans who specialized in the production of consumer goods in St. John's during the American Revolutionary and Napoleonic eras became neither proletarians nor industrial capitalists as historiography suggests was the fate of others in the Anglo-American world. While limited proletarianization was important among carpenters, and merchant credit dominated artisans in maritime trades, some producers of consumer goods made the transition from artisan to merchant. Evidence drawn from court records, newspapers and government correspondence suggests that some St. John's artisans found greater opportunities in building on the accounting and trading skills they acquired from the retail and importing aspects of their trade rather than in manufacturing as such. Mercantile activity rather than manufacture offered the best chance for capital accumulation in an economy characterized by the resource and structural impediments of monostaple production.
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Berg, Maxine. "SKILL, CRAFT AND HISTORIES OF INDUSTRIALISATION IN EUROPE AND ASIA." Transactions of the Royal Historical Society 24 (October 24, 2014): 127–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0080440114000061.
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ABSTRACTIt is time to reexamine craft and small-scale manufacture within our histories of industrialisation, both West and East, and to reflect on the long survival and adaptation of artisanal production even within our globalised world of production and consumption. Historians since the 1950s have addressed craft, skill and labour-intensive production in historical frameworks such as ‘the rise of the factory system’, ‘proto-industrialisation’ and ‘flexible specialisation’. More recently, they have devised other concepts which include labour and skill-intensive production such as ‘industrious revolution’, ‘the great divergence’, ‘knowledge economies’, ‘East Asian development paths’ and ‘cycles of production’. This paper surveys this historiography of craft and skill in models of industrialisation. It then reflects on small-scale industrial structures in current globalisation, emphasising the continued significance of craft and skill over a long history of global transitions. It gives close examination to one region, Gujarat, and its recent industrial and global history. The paper compares industrial production for East India Company trade in the eighteenth century to the recent engagement of the artisans of the Kachchh district of Gujarat in global markets. It draws on the oral histories of seventy-five artisan families to discuss the past and future of craft and skill in the industry of the global economy.
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Crown, Patricia L. "Life Histories of Pots and Potters: Situating the Individual in Archaeology." American Antiquity 72, no. 4 (October 2007): 677–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/25470440.
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Archaeologists often implicitly assume that individual ceramic objects were the work of a single individual artisan. Ethnographic and archaeological data suggest that this assumption should be questioned. Ceramics from the Greater American Southwest demonstrate that multiple hands contribute to the finished products in two ways. Two artisans may collaborate on vessels in various combinations of task differentiation. Alternatively, some vessels are modified over time, with artisans adding new features to existing vessels in diachronic collaboration. Such collaborative vessels have implications for understanding labor demands, learning and teaching frameworks, specialized production, and the life histories of ceramics.
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Bhaduri, Gargi, and Nancy Stanforth. "To (or not to) label products as artisanal: effect of fashion involvement on customer perceived value." Journal of Product & Brand Management 26, no. 2 (April 18, 2017): 177–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jpbm-04-2016-1153.
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Purpose This paper aims to understand whether product descriptor cues related to artisanal qualities can help marketers to delineate their clothing product offerings to consumers by influencing consumers’ perceived product values and the effect (if any) of consumers’ fashion clothing involvement on such value perceptions. In today’s intensely competitive market environment marked by minimal product differentiation, marketers are often using the terms artisan, handcrafted or similar to indicate that their products are different, produced with care, are of higher quality and even premium. Design/methodology/approach For the study, a 2 (Involvement: High/Low) × 4 (Cues: Control/Artisan-made/Part of a curated collection/Handcrafted) × 2 (products replications: Jeans/Handbags) mixed model repeated measures experiment was designed. A sample of 487 adult female US consumers was recruited using a market-based research firm. Findings Results indicated that framing luxury products as artisanal using product descriptor cues influenced the perceived value of these products. Moreover, consumers’ fashion involvement positively influenced their perceived value for artisanal luxury products. Originality/value The study is one of the few attempts in understanding the value of artisanal luxury products. Given the importance of the artisanal luxury industry to the global economy, focusing on how consumers perceive the value of artisanal luxury products is important to marketers and practitioners as well as academicians. From a theoretical perspective, the study indicates fashion involvement as a predictor of consumers’ perceived value, thereby filling a gap in literature. The study used two different product categories to aid in generalizability of the results.
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R O, Kareem, Idowu E O, Williams S B, Ayinde I A, and Bashir N O. "Comparative Analysis of Motorized and Manually Propelled Technologies of Artisanal Fisheries in Ijebu Waterside of Ogun State." Sustainable Agriculture Research 2, no. 1 (November 19, 2012): 133. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/sar.v2n1p133.
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<p>This study was carried out to analyze the comparative analysis of efficiencies of artisanal fisheries in Ijebu Waterside of Ogun State. The objectives determined gross margin analysis; estimate the technical efficiencies of both the manually propelled technology (MPT) and motorized technology (MT) of artisanal fishery systems and determining the factors influencing the technical efficiencies of artisanal fisheries in the study area. A multistage sampling technique was used to select a total of 400 Artisans from the study area. Primary data were collected using structured questionnaire as interview guide, on the socio-economic characteristics, production inputs and output prices. The data collected were analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics. Stochastic production frontier model was used to estimate the technical, efficiencies of both motorized and manually propelled technologies in artisanal fishery system as well as the factors influencing the technical, efficiencies of the artisans.</p> <p>The results of the comparison of the MPT and (MT) revealed that the average income per month for MPT was N361,847.48 and the amount accruable per month for the MT was N560,755.57. The results of the comparison of catch efficiency and inefficiency function showed that in MPT, fishing gear, vessel length, number of crew/skippers, quantity of bait and battery were all significant at 5 percent probability level while for MT, fishing gear, outboard engine, battery and miscellaneous quantity were the significant factors. The mean catch efficiency of MPT was 0.92 compared to MT with 0.98. However, the comparison of the inefficiency shows that education, age, and household size are significant factors while education is significant factors in both MPT and MT respectively. The results of the returns-to-scale revealed that the parameters estimate of the MT was higher with 4.35 compared to MPT with 2.56.</p>
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Wood, James A. "The Burden of Citizenship: Artisans, Elections, and the Fuero Militar in Santiago de Chile, 1822-1851." Americas 58, no. 3 (January 2002): 443–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/tam.2002.0030.
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On December 13, 1845 the recently founded Santiago newspaper El Artesano Opositor (The Opposition Artisan) published a letter submitted by “twenty artisan friends of Cerda.” The letter related the tragic case of José Agustin Cerda, a young tailor, soldier in the civic militia, and member of an electoral association called the Sociedad de Artesanos de Caupolicán (Caupolicán Artisans Society), who had been arrested on November 12 by the city's military prosecutor on the charge that he was involved in an anti-government “conspiracy.” Claiming innocence, Cerda, according to his companions, denied his involvement in the alleged conspiracy “with noble arrogance.” As a result he was locked in iron shackles in a military prison, causing his legs to swell up and his illness-weakened lungs to struggle for air. A follow-up article in the newspaper announced that Cerda was still being held in that “unjust and inhumane” condition two months later, along with several other city residents who were linked to the electoral associations of the liberal opposition in Santiago. While the outraged authors of the letter to El Artesano Opositor singled out the Cerda case for its malicious effects on their friend, they clearly saw the incident as part of a larger problem: the routine and systematic mistreatment of all artisan militiamen by the conservative governing regime. Not content simply to demand the release of their colleague, the “friends of Cerda” demanded the complete reform of a political system that denigrated the honor, dignity, and patriotism of all the city's artisans. “Understand,” continued the letter in a provocative flourish, “that by attacking the innocent life of Cerda you attack the lives of all the artisans of the Republic.” “We should expect more,” it concluded solemnly, “from the men we elevate with our votes, defend with our blood, and maintain with our sweat and labor.”
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Correa Miranda, Olga, Enrique Propin Frejomil, and Jesús Abraham Navarro Moreno. "Socioeconomic events linked with artisan activity in Mexico: a proposal for historical-geographical periodization." Papeles de Geografía, no. 64 (May 17, 2018): 43–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.6018/geografia/2018/324581.
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En México, las investigaciones desde una perspectiva histórico-geográfica que hacen referencia a la economía artesanal y que contribuyen a potenciar y valorar a las artesanías en todas sus dimensiones, son escasas. En este sentido, la presente investigación, conforma una plataforma cognoscitiva que busca evidenciar acontecimientos temporales y territoriales relevantes que dieron pauta a la actual configuración territorial de la actividad artesanal del país, referentes que ponen a la luz los nichos de oportunidad productiva y comercial para generar desarrollo económico y social en pro de los artesanos. En un primer momento, se exponen las posturas metodológicas, base para la reconstrucción espacio-temporal; posteriormente, se efectúa la caracterización de este tipo de economía, mediante el reconocimiento de etapas geo-históricas que evidencian cambios en la forma de producción y comercialización así como de la manera de conceptualizar lo que son los objetos artesanales, principales problemáticas del sector y tipos de apoyo brindados por el Estado. In Mexico, the investigations from a historical-geographical perspective that make reference to the artisanal economy and that contribute to enhance and value crafts in all their dimensions, are scarce. In this sense, the present research forms a cognitive platform that seeks to highlight relevant temporal and territorial events that gave shape to the current territorial configuration of the artisanal activity of the country, references that bring to light the niches of productive and commercial opportunity to generate economic and social development in favor of artisans. At first, the methodological positions are exposed, the basis for the spatio - temporal reconstruction; Afterwards, the characterization of this type of economy is carried out, through the re cognition of stages that show changes in the way of production and commercialization as well as in the way of conceptualizing what artisan objects are, the main problems of the sector and types of support provided by the State.
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Boulboullé, Jenny. "Drawn up by a learned physician from the mouths of artisans." Netherlands Yearbook for History of Art / Nederlands Kunsthistorisch Jaarboek Online 68, no. 1 (August 5, 2019): 204–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22145966-06801008.
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This article demonstrates how multi-layered and open-ended the genre of the manual could be. It focuses on the so-called Mayerne manuscript, a seventeenth-century source text, comprising more than 300 recipes and ‘how-to’ instructions. Many of the entries are dated and include geographical and professional information that identify artisans and master painters as sources of detailed descriptions of materials and techniques. The article deconstructs an interpretation of Theodore de Mayerne’s recipe compilation as a handbook intended for practical use, and instead shows that many voices lay behind Mayerne’s extensive documentation of artisanal know how. The article argues that the manuscript was perhaps never intended for publication, but that it provides an exceptional testimony to the practice of an early modern ethnographer of artisanal working methods. A closer look at Mayerne’s practice of note taking as a physician suggests that it functioned as a working tool to document technical and artisanal knowledge of materials.
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RABINOVITCH, ODED. "A learned artisan debates the system of the world: Le Clerc versus Mallemant de Messange." British Journal for the History of Science 50, no. 4 (October 11, 2017): 603–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007087417000875.
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AbstractSébastien Le Clerc (1637–1714) was the most renowned engraver of Louis XIV's France. For the history of scientific publishing, however, Le Clerc represents a telling paradox. Even though he followed a traditional route based on classic artisanal training, he also published extensively on scientific topics such as cosmology and mathematics. While contemporary scholarship usually stresses the importance of artisanal writing as a direct expression of artisanal experience and know-how, Le Clerc's publications, and specifically the work on cosmology in hisSystème du monde(1706–1708), go far beyond this. By reconstructing the debate between Le Clerc and the professor Mallemant de Messange on the authorship of this ‘system of the world’, this article argues that Le Clerc's involvement in publishing ventures shaped his identity both as an artisan and as a scientific author. Whereas the Scientific Revolution supposedly heralded a change from the world of ‘more or less’ to the ‘world of precision’, this article shows how an artisan could be more ‘precise’ than the learned scholar whose claims he disputed, and points to the importance of the literary field as a useful lens for observing the careers of early modern scientific practitioners.
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Kovesi, Caroline, and Leslie Kern. "“I Choose to be Here”: Tensions between Autonomy and Precarity in Craft Market Vendors’ Work." City & Community 17, no. 1 (March 2018): 170–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/cico.12273.
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Outdoor markets have emerged as key nodes in cities’ attempts to revitalize downtown areas through culture and consumption. However, few studies have investigated urban markets as sites of labor, or explored work conditions from the perspective of vendors themselves. As self–employed creative workers in a seasonal industry, artisan vendors experience various forms of economic insecurity related to precarity inherent to their line of work. This article investigates the experiences of artisan craft vendors in Ottawa's popular ByWard Market. Through interviews with vendors, we explore themes such as artisan identity, relationships in the market, and economic and labor conditions. We argue that although precarity seems to be inherent in the vendors’ work conditions, it does not undermine their identities as artisans, in part because of the strong value attached to autonomous, creative work. This attachment may, however, hinder artisan vendors’ abilities to organize for structural changes that would mitigate their economic precarity.
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Stansfield, Maree L., Alison McIntosh, and Jill Poulston. "Hospitality artisan entrepreneurs’ perspectives of sustainability." Hospitality & Society 10, no. 3 (September 1, 2020): 313–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/hosp_00026_1.
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Artisan entrepreneurs are argued to be creative disruptors of business norms influencing societal, political and economic change. Yet, studies of small- and medium-sized hospitality artisan enterprises are few, especially studies of their sustainability practice. This interpretive study used qualitative in-depth interviews with eight New Zealand hospitality operators who are deemed artisan entrepreneurs to glean exploratory insights into their perspectives of sustainability in their enterprises. Thematic analysis revealed four overarching conceptual themes that captured the artisans’ journeys against the tide of conventional business mores towards sustainable practice. The themes were the backstory, a road less travelled, tribe of journey-makers and rewards of the journey. The findings highlight that the sustainable hospitality business model demands much more than the conventional equivalent. As such, the findings reveal a sustainability consciousness as the driving motive and important starting point. The study also provides some evidence to confirm hospitality artisan entrepreneurs as creative disruptors in the global sustainable business agenda.
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Vicente, Marta. "Artisans and Work in a Barcelona Cotton Factory (1770–1816)." International Review of Social History 45, no. 1 (April 2000): 1–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020859000000018.
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The present article analyzes the crucial impact that artisan forms of organizing work had in the production of early cotton factories. By examining the case of the Sirés factory in Barcelona, this article argues that dividing work by gender and age and working with relatives, all traditional practices in an artisan shop, allowed eighteenth-century factory owners to face the challenges that production posed. The example of the Sirés factory also offers a picture of early industrialization that challenges the long-standing argument that artisan and factory forms of production were antagonistic. Factory owners organized their production and work in ways that replicated the way artisans had long produced and worked in their shops. Moreover, in shops and factories alike, production depended not just on the work of individuals, but also on that of their relatives. Parents and children, husbands and wives – all brought the flexibility of traditional artisan forms of organizing work to the new factories.
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García-Bryce, Iñigo. "Politics By Peaceful Means: Artisan Mutual Aid Societies in Mid-Nineteenth-Century Lima, 1860-1879." Americas 59, no. 3 (January 2003): 325–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/tam.2003.0010.
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In July 1866, Lima conducted its independence celebrations with great fanfare. The festivities began at the main portal of the walled city, where the members of various patriotic associations gathered to celebrate Independence Day. The participants included the Sociedad de Fundadores de la Independencia, the veteran corps from both the Independence Wars and from the recent war with Spain, the national fire brigades, and the members of an artisan society named the Sociedad de Artesanos de Auxilios Mutuos. Together they sang the national anthem while standing at the foot of a Tree of Liberty, a republican symbol dating back to the French Revolution. They subsequently marched into the city, thus initiating two days of celebrations that included fireworks displays and an intricate reenactment, in Lima's central plaza, of the recent naval combat with Spain. In the course of the ceremonies, two artisans were presented with prizes, one for the most outstanding piece of craftsmanship (in the 1866 celebration the prize was won by Vicente Pedraza for making an organ) and the other for the artisan who had shown the most bravery during the recent military encounter with Spain. The prizes were in the amount of 200 soles. At another point in the celebrations the Chief of the Artisan Fire Brigade gave a patriotic speech and following the speech a young girl offered the President Mariano Ignacio Prado a laurel wreath in the name of the artisans.
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Betancourt Guerrero, Benjamín, Dario José Espinal Ruiz, and Gildardo Scarpetta Calero. "Organizational characterization of craftsmanship in northern of Valle del Cauca." Cuadernos de Administración 36, no. 67 (August 31, 2020): 4–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.25100/cdea.v36i67.8730.
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Young creators, designers, and master artisans are reinventing craftsmanship with their freshness and daring and turning it into a laboratory for sensory, emotional, and symbolic experiences. This paper will present artisans’ organizational status in the development of such a profession or craft in the municipalities that are part of the northern region of Valle del Cauca (Colombia). For this purpose, we resorted to documentary analysis and inquiries with stakeholders to characterize the region socially and demographically, for its geographical location, and identifying comparative and competitive advantages in the territory, according to the productive vocation of the municipalities and their relationship with crafts production. Likewise, the research analyzes artisans’ capabilities as a dynamizing sector for social, economic, and organizational processes. This study is a preliminary approach because its results are inconclusive, thus allowing other researchers to develop into the importance of the artisanal sector for the socio-economic development of the northern region of Valle del Cauca. The strategic approaches outlined in this paper are those consolidated with the stakeholders, who have enabled the craft sector’s strengthening through innovative proposals regarding the management of their workshops and business units.
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Liu, Catherine. "The Humanities and Artisanal Education: Technocrats and Artisans in the Contemporary University." College Literature 42, no. 2 (2015): 280–310. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/lit.2015.0022.
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Navariastami, Nanin, Hikayati Koswara, M.Kep, and Nurna Ningsih. "PENGARUH McKENZIE BACK EXERCISE TERHADAP SKALA NYERI PUNGGUNG BAWAH PENGRAJIN SONGKET." Jurnal Skolastik Keperawatan 1, no. 2 (December 31, 2015): 44–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.35974/jsk.v1i2.85.
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ABSTRAK Pendahuluan: Pengrajin songket bekerja dengan duduk statis lebih dari 2 jam setiap hari sehingga menimbulkan nyeri punggung bawah. McKenzie back exercises terdiri dari gerakan ekstensi dan fleksi yang bertujuan untuk menghilangkan nyeri punggung bawah, mengurangi kekakuan, mengembalikan elastisitas sehingga bisa mencapai mobilitas penuh dan meningkatkan status kesehatan. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh McKenzie back exercise terhadap skala nyeri punggung bawah pengrajin songket. Metode: Rancangan yang digunakan adalah pre-eksperimental dengan metode one group pretest-posttest. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah pengrajin songket yang merasakan nyeri punggung bawah di Dusun VI Desa Muara Penimbung Ulu Indralaya dengan metode non probability sampling – purposive sampling didapatkan 22 orang. Hasil: Analisis data menggunakan uji non parametrik Wilcoxon yang menunjukkan adanya perbedaan bermakna skala nyeri punggung bawah sesudah melakukan McKenzie back exercise (p = 0,01 dan α = 0,05). Diskusi: Hasil penelitian ini hendaknya dapat diaplikasikan oleh setiap pengrajin songket; menjadi bahan masukan untuk dilakukan penyuluhan pada program UKK Puskesmas dan diharapkan penelitian selanjutnya menggunakan kelompok kontrol dengan sampel yang lebih banyak. Kata kunci: McKenzie back exercise; Nyeri Punggung bawah; Pengrajin Songket  ABSTRACT Introduction: Songket artisans work while sitting on static position for more than 2 hours everyday, so that they would get low back pain. McKenzie back exercise consists of the movement of extension and flexion which aims to relieve low back pain, to reduce stiffness and restore elasticity, so they could regain their full mobility and improve level of health. Objective: This research is aimed to identify the effects of McKenzie back exercise towards low back pain scale of songket artisans. Methods: The design used is pre-experiment method with one group pretest-posttest. The population of this study was songket artisans who suffer from low back pain in the 6th village of Muara Penimbung Ulu Indralaya. The samples consist of 22 respondents and were selected by non probability and purposive technique. Result: The data are analyzed using non parametric Wilcoxon test that showed there is a significant difference of low back pain scale after doing McKenzie back exercise (P value=0,01 and α=0,05). Discussion: This research recommends songket artisan to apply McKenzie back exercise to relieve low back pain; it can be a suggestion for counseling at UKK health center program and it is expected that the next study can be conducted by using control groups with a larger sample. Keywords: McKenzie back exercise; low back pain; songket artisan Full printable version: PDF
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Solomon, Shelby J., and Blake D. Mathias. "The artisans' dilemma: Artisan entrepreneurship and the challenge of firm growth." Journal of Business Venturing 35, no. 5 (September 2020): 106044. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusvent.2020.106044.
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Stansfield, Maree Louise. "Hospitality artisans and sustainability." Hospitality Insights 2, no. 1 (June 18, 2018): 7–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.24135/hi.v2i1.29.
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This article reports the findings of a study identifing modern artisans as potential harbingers of the hospitality fraternity, claiming an authentic sustainability consciousness embedded in the hospitality business DNA is a key ingredient toward success. The ‘DNA’ finding helps identify the importance and necessity for hospitality operators to reflect on their reasoning for pursuing a sustainable business model over the conventional equivalent. Artisans influence significant societal, economic and political change. With so much concern around sustainability, and the revival of artisan production, hospitality artisans are likely contemporary versions of their historic namesakes.
History portrays artisans as entrepreneurial, status-quo disrupters, challengers of social problems, and positive influences on the well-being of society [1–3]. It is said that the radical artisan voice revolted against a dehumanised way of life, cared for its society and was instrumental in generating hope for a better future [3]. Similarly, modern-day artisans identified with their historic counterparts and described their potential contribution to societal change in a sustainability context as hospitality artisans. A research participant demonstrated this:
And you look at where potential problems are in the food supply, you know if you want to create a dynamic food supply you need to encourage it. It’s the small artisan producers which are on the cutting edge that influence the major cultural values of a country. (Research participant)
Indeed, the success of a hospitality sustainable business model lies in an operator’s ability to understand, generate and embed a mind-set in the business that insists on environmental stewardship, social well-being and economic success. All eight artisans interviewed in this study demonstrated high levels of perseverance, innovation and like-minded network building when faced with obstacles that threatened their sustainable business model. Sustainability was deeply entrenched in what one referred to as his ‘backstory’, and in the ‘DNA’ of their businesses, and this appeared to fuel their determination when faced with challenges. Their spheres-of-influence (customers, regulatory bodies, industry and education providers) were at times perceived as road-blocks, hindering their sustainability-focused intentions. When this occurred, the artisans moved from being impacted stakeholders within a sphere-of-influence and, instead, turned into agents of change. They created, used and developed innovative mechanisms, internal policies, educational processes, and built tribes of enabling like-minded others to foster their sustainability practices. The sustainability consciousness provides the fuel and resilience to navigate a new and progressive pathway to operational success. The artisans demonstrated an unrelenting drive to practice sustainable principles and found ways of overcoming any hurdles they came up against. The artisans, like their historic namesakes, were agents of change and the following research extract showcases the sustainability consciousness in action:
I think the more you make something exciting and sustainable the norm that’s how you can change the world. You don’t change it by sitting back doing nothing and waiting for someone else to do it and sipping on your Coca-Cola hoping that some other person’s gonna save the boat, when it’s filling full of water. If you want to change the world you know you need to get off your arse and do it. (Research participant)
This study sought to find practical solutions for hospitality operators considering the less-travelled road of sustainability. The artisans articulated why they were so intent on a sustainable business model, and this reasoning manifested as the sustainable DNA of their hospitality operation – the most important element enabling them to put this into action. This is important for operators because it illustrates the level of resilience and determination needed to embark on a less conventional business journey and to create, operate and maintain a successful and sustainable hospitality business. Most significantly, however, it suggests to operators that it may not be enough to know ‘how’ to operationalise sustainability in a practical sense. This study’s findings illustrated that a sustainable model demands so much more from an operator than the conventional equivalent. It must be recognised that it may not even be enough if the operator has an entrepreneurial mind-set. It is advisable that the operators reflect on ‘why’ they want to pursue a sustainable business model. The importance of an authentic sustainability consciousness is highlighted as a more favourable starting point from which to orientate the journey and realise success.
Forward thinking hospitality operators will choose to navigate a sustainability-focused road, currently a road less travelled. Primarily, at the root of change, is the progressive thinking hospitality operator, an artisan producer with a sustainable consciousness that manifests as the resilience and fuel to carve a new road.
More information about this study is in the master’s thesis document [4]. Pending examiners’ approval, the thesis can be accessed from AUT scholarly commons: https://tuwhera.aut.ac.nz/open-theses. Currently, a copy is available from the author.
Corresponding author
Maree Stansfield can be contacted at mareelouisestansfield@gmail.com
References
(1) Chartist Poetry. The Northern Star and Leeds General Advertiser Dec 4, 1841. British Library website. http://bit.ly/2l7LLKv (accessed Jun 15, 2018).
(2) Howell, M. C. Fixing Movables: Gifts by Testament in Late Medieval Douai. Past & Present 1996, 150(1), 3–45. https://doi.org/10.1093/past/150.1.3 (3) Lucie-Smith, E. The Story of Craft: The Craftsman's Role in Society. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1981.
(4) Stansfield, M. L. Exploring How Hospitality Artisans Operationalise Sustainability: “How Do They Do It?”; Master’s Thesis, Auckland University of Technology, New Zealand, 2016.
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Lenger, Friedrich. "Beyond Exceptionalism: Notes on the Artisanal Phase of the Labour Movement in France, England, Germany and the United States." International Review of Social History 36, no. 1 (June 1991): 1–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020859000110326.
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SUMMARYThe early labour movements in Western Europe and North America were all dominated by urban artisans, a fact reflected most clearly at the programmatic level by the prominence of demands for producers' cooperatives. This article presents a proposal for and an extremely brief sketch of a comparative investigation of this first phase of the labour movement in England, France, Germany, and the United States. Different aspects of class formation, such as the economic situation of the trades, the social relationships within them, or the role of artisanal and corporate traditions in artisanal politics and trade-union organization, are discussed. Comparative labour history, it is argued, must employ such a theoretical framework, one that allows the integration of the many dimensions of class formation; otherwise it will have to sacrifice whatever progress the last generation of labour historians has achieved.
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Śniadecka-Kotarska, Magdalena. "La artesanía andina y la identidad." Estudios Latinoamericanos 22 (December 31, 2002): 113–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.36447/estudios2002.v22.art6.
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Short Description:This short articles describes some of the results of the field research that Śniadecka-Kotarska conducted in 1994-1997 near Otavalo, Ecuador. The research is concerned with the Andean artisans. It provides a short introduction to development of the artisan art in the region. It describes the various transformations that occurred in this profession which relate to recent societal changes such as migratory work mobility.
Short description written by Michał Gilewski
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Antaki, Berea, and Katalin Medvedev. "Bolivian textile crafts and the subversion of institutionalized sustainability." Clothing Cultures 7, no. 1 (March 1, 2021): 91–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/cc_00031_1.
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This article describes the tensions between institutionalized and grassroots forms of sustainability and their subsequent effects on textile artisans in La Paz, Bolivia. Principles of the indigenous cosmology Suma Qamaña are applied to the twenty-first-century challenge of environmental degradation and governmental corruption in the description of craft practices at two artisan collectives in La Paz. Suma Qamaña is an expression of the harmonious and respectful coexistence of humans with nature, which entails communal values and reciprocal resource management principles. The study highlights grassroots, practical solutions that encourage economic and environmental sustainability for textile cooperatives in Bolivia. Through extensive participant observation and in-depth interviews, this study seeks to understand how the lives of artisans are affected by the Bolivian government’s appropriation of the Suma Qamaña cosmology. The current political party, the Movimiento al Socialismo, has gained popular support in Bolivia partly by institutionalizing the inherent rights of nature in the national constitution. Despite this, the government continues to pursue extractive natural resource policies. To counter this, Bolivian textile artisans practise their own version of bottom-up sustainability, which does not rely on government institutions to enforce change. The artisans’ situated practices, traditional knowledge base and the inherently sustainable characteristics of craft production ‐ flexible, small-scale, localized and resilient ‐ reflect potential trends and alternatives for apparel production.
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Makovicky, Nicolette. "The seduction of craft: Making and value in artisanal labour." Journal of Material Culture 25, no. 3 (January 31, 2020): 309–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1359183520903342.
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Drawing on fieldwork amongst lacemakers in Slovakia, this article examines the relationship between practices of making and the production of value in artisanal labour. The author shows that the processes of making challenged artisans’ perceptions of the natural distribution of agency between humans and objects, resulting in feelings of ontological insecurity. Arguing that they perceived this insecurity as a problem of ethics, as well as a problem of agency, she demonstrates how the intellectual and sensual experience of manufacture was constitutive of the ways in which artisans perceived the value of their craftwork. Taking this approach, the article seeks to disrupt the anthropological habit of framing questions about value in terms of domestic economies, global markets and aesthetic regimes, and making in terms of skilled practice, embodied knowledge and knowledge transmission. The author also suggests that scholars ought to pay more attention to the ways in which ethical considerations are grounded in our ontological disposition towards the material world.
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Hoogvliet, Margriet. "Manual Labour and Biblical Reading in Late Medieval France." Journal of Early Modern Christianity 6, no. 2 (December 18, 2019): 277–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jemc-2019-2009.
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Abstract This article discusses artisans and people doing manual work in the French-speaking areas of Western Europe who owned and read the Bible or parts of its text during the late Middle Ages and the early sixteenth century. The historical evidence is based on post-mortem inventories from Amiens, Tournai, Lyon, and the Toulouse area. These documents show that Bibles were present in the private homes of artisans, some of them well-to-do, but others quite destitute. This development was probably related to a shift in the cultural representation of manual work in the same period: from a divine punishment into a social space of religion. The simple artisan life of the holy family, as imagined based upon the Gospel text, and their religious reading practices were recommended as an example to follow by both lay people and clerics.
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Beech, Dave. "Art and the Politics of Eliminating Handicraft." Historical Materialism 27, no. 1 (March 29, 2019): 155–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1569206x-00001554.
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Abstract This essay charts the outlines of the historical transition from the artisanal workshop to the artist’s studio and the transition from the artisan to the artist, not through the transition from patronage to the art market but through an analysis of the transformation of labour’s social division of labour. The essay reassesses the discourses on the artist as genius and the artist as worker through a reinterpretation of the elevation of the Fine Arts above handicraft. This sheds new light, also, on the discourse of deskilling in art. This essay argues that the transition from the artisan to the artist is an effect of the social division of labour in which the knowledge, skills and privileges of the master artisan are distributed among a set of specialists.
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Andriani, Ayu, Azhar Azhar, and Agustina Arida. "KONTRIBUSI PENDAPATAN PEREMPUAN PENGRAJIN ATAP NIPAH TERHADAP PENDAPATAN KELUARGA DI KECAMATAN SERUWAY KABUPATEN ACEH TAMIANG." Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Pertanian 2, no. 2 (May 1, 2017): 195–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.17969/jimfp.v2i2.2884.
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Abstrak. Kontribusi Pendapatan Perempuan Pengrajin Atap Nipah Terhadap Pendapatan Keluarga di Kecamatan Seruway Kabupaten Aceh Tamiang adalah sumbangan pendapatan yang diberikan oleh perempuan pengrajin atap nipah terhadap pendapatan keluarga yang dihitung dalam satuan persen. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui besarnya kontribusi pendapatan perempuan pengrajin atap nipah terhadap pendapatan keluarga dan untuk mengetahui sejauh mana perempuan pengrajin atap nipah ikut dalam pengambilan keputusan di dalam rumah tangganya. Metode penelitian menggunakan metode sensus dengan jumlah responden sebanyak 20 orang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kontribusi pendapatan perempuan pengrajin atap nipah terhadap pendapatan keluarga rata-rata sebesar 44,11 % per bulan. Sedangkan rata-rata pendapatan yang diterima adalah sebesar Rp.1.062.350,00 per bulan. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa kontribusi pendapatan yang diterima oleh perempuan pengrajin atap nipah tergolong besar dibandingkan kontribusi pendapatan suami dan anak mereka. Dan pengambilan keputusan dalam keluarga perempuan pengrajin atap nipah telah diikut sertakan dalam rumah tangganya yaitu dengan cara melakukan perundingan serta diskusi antara suami dan istri.The Contribution Of The Income Of Nipa Roof Artisan Women To The Family Revenue In The Subdistrict Of Seruway Of Aceh Tamiang RegencyAbstract. The contribution of the income of women who were artisans of nipa roof to the family income in Seruway Subdistrict of Aceh Tamiang Regency is the endowment of revenue given by nipa roof artisan women to their family income which was calculated in percent unit. This study aimed to find out the magnitude of the contribution of nipa roof artisan women’ income to their family revenue and to find out how far the roof artisan women took part in decision making in their household. The research method was census with the number of respondents of 20. The results of the research indicated that the income contribution of women who were artisans of nipa roof to their family income was in the average of 44.11 % per year. While the average of revenue received per month was IDR1.062.350. This showed that the income contribution that was received by the nipa roof artisan women was in the category of big compared to the income contribution of their husband and child. This also showed that nipa roof artisan women had involved themselves in the decision making performed in their family, namely by the way of doing negotiation and discussion between the husband and wife
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Özdural, Alpay. "Omar Khayyam, Mathematicians, and "Conversazioni" with Artisans." Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians 54, no. 1 (March 1, 1995): 54–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/991025.
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The main purpose of this article is to substantiate the proposition that mathematicians and architect-artisans had collaborated through special meetings, called conversazioni in the text, for the application of geometry to architecture in the Islamic world. A meeting reportedly attended by Omar Khayyam furnishes convincing evidence for this proposition. The study expands on the untitled treatise written by Omar Khayyam as a response to a question raised at this meeting. The treatise is about a problem that concerns an ornamental pattern, the story of which can be traced in two other works on geometry: Abu 'l-Wafa' al-Buzajani's book, What the Artisan Requires of Geometric Constructions, and an anonymous Persian treatise on ornamental geometry, On Interlocking Similar or Corresponding Figures. While these three works are analyzed in the article, the wider implications of the collaboration between mathematicians and artisans concerning the field of architecture are discussed.