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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Arts africains'
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Galaverna, Christine. "Philosophie de l'art et arts africains : une approche pragmatique." Grenoble 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999GRE29026.
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L'enjeu de cette these est l'elaboration d'une approche pragmatique de la philosophie de l'art, c'est-a-dire une approche prenant en compte l'ensemble du processus artistique depuis le projet de l'artiste jusqu'a l'activation de l'oeuvre par un public. Cette approche s'est construite a partir des ouvertures pragmatiques presentes dans langages de l'art de nelson goodman ainsi qu'a partir de l'exemple des arts africains compris comme exemple limite dans la mesure ou ils permettent de mettre en evidence les ambiguites de la problematique de l'art, notamment en ce qui concerne la definition de l'art. Ces ambiguites ont ete mises en evidence par l'examen des museographies presentant les objets africains en occident. L'approche pragmatique de la philosophie de l'art, soutenant que l'objet n'est pas donne mais construit, fait alors une large place a la notion de contexte. Celui-ci sera defini comme l'ensemble des situations et actions permettant de mettre en evidence les differentes phases du processus artistique : la production, la diffusion et la reception. Les analyses proposees dans cette these fournissent un mode d'explication de l'art en tant qu'activite humaine faisant intervenirde multiples agents : artistes et personnel de renfort (howard becker), marchands, collectionneurs, conservateurs, critiques, theoriciens de l'art, publics, dont les actions ne vont prendre sens qu'au sein du cadre general dans lequel elles s'inserent, cadre general qui sera defini comme monde de l'art. L'examen du masque danse (en afrique dite traditionnelle), ainsi que sa confrontation avec sa presentation museale (en occident) permet a terme de mettre a l'epreuve le modele pragmatique propose. Cette confrontation conduit notamment de definir le cadre general dans lequel s'insere le masque danse, non pas comme monde de l'art, mais comme monde rituel.
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Lambert, Aurélien. "Les objets d'ailleurs, ici et là-bas : perceptions, usages et significations des objets africains." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LORR0373.
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Ce travail de recherche vise à analyser, au moyen de l'enquête ethnographique, le phénomène de qualification des « objets africains » ainsi que les problématiques personnelles et institutionnelles qui justifient leur appropriation et leur appréciation. En se basant sur une enquête de terrain effectuée en France et au Mali, l'étude s'attache à circonscrire le spectre des pratiques individuelles et collectives qui s'organisent avec et autour de ces productions. Européens ou Africains, amateurs du dimanche, collectionneurs aguerris, sculpteurs, touristes ou marchands, une multiplicité d'acteurs individuels, issus de sphères parfois totalement étrangères les unes aux autres, gravitent autour de cette catégorie d'objets et les envisagent selon des perspectives variées. Fondé sur une approche dynamique et une mise en perspective historique visant à dessiner une anthropologie symétrique de ces objets - symétrie Afrique/Occident, objets/personnes, expert/profane -, l'objectif est donc de construire un cadre d'observation qui permette de respecter la diversité des formes d'appropriation de ces productions matérielles. Il s'agit, en d'autres termes, d'analyser les transformations physiques, sémantiques ou conceptuelles auxquelles sont soumis ces objets en vue de leur circulation et du fait de leur circulation entre des espaces géographiques, des cultures nationales et des mondes économiques différents. L'observation des dispositifs socio-techniques sur lesquels s'appuient les goûts, les pratiques et les visions du monde de ces acteurs permet ainsi d'identifier les enjeux qui les unissent ou les opposentThis research aims to analyze, through ethnographic inquiry, the phenomenon of qualification of the "African objects" as well as the personal and institutional problems that justify their appropriation and appreciation. Based on a field survey conducted in France and Mali, the study seeks to identify the spectrum of individual and collective practices that are organized around and with these productions. Europeans or Africans, amateurs, collectors, carvers, tourists and merchants, a multiplicity of individual actors, sometimes coming from areas totally strangers to each other, revolve around this object class and consider them from various perspectives. Based on a dynamic approach and on a historical viewpoint to draw a symmetrical anthropology of these objects - symmetry Africa/West, objects/people, expert/layperson - the goal is to build an observation framework which allows to respect the diversity of appropriation forms of these material productions. In other words, this work wants to analyze the physical, semantic or conceptual transformations which objects are subject for their circulation and because of their transit between geographical areas, national cultures and different economic worlds. The observation of socio-technical devices on which lean on the tastes, practices and worldviews of these actors allows to identify the stakes that unite them or divide them
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Ndiaye, El Hadji Malick. "Arts contemporains africains et enjeux du débat critique postcolonial : cartographies artistiques et discursives entre Paris et Dakar (1966-2006)." Rennes 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011REN20018.
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Une histoire culturelle partielle des modernités artistiques africaines permet de dresser une facette non iconoclaste de leur caractère. Les spécificités qui se dégagent de l’histoire des objets (chronotope du territoire, frontières spatio-temporelles, décontextualisation, aura, etc. ) indiquent les latitudes d’une géopolitique de l’iconographie. Cependant, la densité historique des années 1990 témoigne d’un changement de paradigme introduit par l’exposition Magiciens de la Terre (1989), les politiques culturelles et par l’histoire intense des biennales et festivals. Les rapports artistiques entre un Centre et une Périphérie (modèle de Samir Amin) glissent d’un internationalisme asymétrique vers un cosmopolitisme traduit par l’exposition Africa Remix (2005). La corrélation entre aires culturelles et limites géographiques perd toute pertinence, elle est progressivement remplacée par les réseaux dans une hétérogénéité spatiale. Au sein de cette nouvelle géopolitique culturelle, l’importance et la démultiplication des rôles du commissaire d’exposition sont concomitantes à la traversée des frontières par l’oeuvre d’art et par l’artiste contemporain. Il en résulte que le commissaire est un agent de transfert et de transmutation dont l’action semble de plus en plus oeuvrer entre les cultures plutôt qu’entre les canons, comme en témoigne la pratique curatoriale d’Okwui Enwezor. C’est à ce niveau qu’il importe de marquer la rupture et l’affinité qui existent entre cette génération d’acteurs culturels de la diaspora africaine, où le militantisme critique passe essentiellement par une écriture avec l’objet, et la génération senghorienne où il passait par une écriture sur l’objet. Les changements constatés au sein des cartographies artistiques et discursives permettent alors de mieux cerner l’écologie de l’oeuvre d’art dans les jeux du display. En partant de l’iconographie, cette évolution autorise l’appréhension des différents rapports entre modernité, « nationalisme » et épistémologie, tout en s’accordant avec Georges Matoré sur le fait que « l’image se souvient. Elle est à la fois potentialité et nostalgie»A partial cultural history of African artistic modernities allows to show that they are not iconoclastic. The specificities engendered by an history which is object-based to define the hierarchy established between the images produced within and without the Western cultural space. The history of art of the 1990s saw a paradigmatic change taking place with the groundbreaking exhibition Magiciens de la Terre (1989), developments in cultural politics and the intense sequence of biennales and other mega-events. The artistic relationship between Center and Periphery shifted from an asymmetric internationalism towards the cosmopolitanism represented by the exhibition Africa Remix (2005). The relationship between cultural spaces and geographic borders progressively lost its significance, and was replaced by networks of artists from different geographic backgrounds. At the center of these new cultural geopolitics, the importance and the possible roles of the curator are paralleled by the border-crossing process of artists and artworks, resulting in the figure of a curator who is an agent of transfer and transmutation, and whose actions operate within cultures more than within canons, as demonstrated by the practice of Okwui Enwezor. At this moment it is important to mark both the break and the affinity created between a generation of cultural actors of the African diaspora, for whom critical militancy is embodied by curatorial practice, and the senghorian generation for whom this critical militancy is embodied by art criticism. The changes taking place within the artistic and discursive geopolitics allow to reveal the artwork’s evolution through the variations of its display. From an iconographical standpoint, it is important to explore the relationships created between modernity, nationalism and knowledge which, as suggested by Georges Matoré, will allow to emphasize the role of the image as an agent of memory and nostalgia
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Bertho, Elara. "Mémoire postcoloniale et figures de résistants africains dans la littérature et dans les arts. Nehanda, Samori, Sarraounia comme héros culturels." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCA111.
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Tour à tour gloires nationales, héros, pères fondateurs ou au contraire tyrans sanguinaires et sorciers malfaisants, les résistants africains à la colonisation ont souvent connu une grande fortune littéraire et suscitent la fascination collective.D'abord investies par la littérature orale africaine et par l'historiographie coloniale, ces figures émergent souvent au tournant des indépendances et font leur apparition sur la scène culturelle : romans, pièces de théâtre, ballets, films, chants s'attachent à réécrire l'histoire dite nationale des nouveaux Etats. Interroger les représentations en littérature et dans les arts de ces figures héroïques, c'est donc analyser l'écriture de l'histoire en acte, la mémoire collective et l'imaginaire commun en formation.Notre hypothèse est la suivante : les arts, et la littérature au premier plan, jouent un rôle prépondérant dans la création d'identités collectives. Il s'agit donc de vérifier de manière pragmatique la place du fait littéraire, et plus généralement artistique, dans la formation d'imaginaires collectifs, de lier littérature, histoire, société afin d'expérimenter que la littérature n'est pas qu'un « lieu de mémoire » sanctuarisé mais qu'elle participe activement à son élaboration. La littérature est alors liée au fait politique, au sens large de construction du vivre-ensemble dans et par les discoursGreat figures, national heroes, founding fathers or on the contrary tyrannical figures or witches, African resistants to colonisation often appear in literature and arts, and they possess a fascinating aura. Those heroes have emerged since the end of the nineteenth century in oral african literature and in the colonialist European literature. Then, they morphed into National heroes during the independence period and they still play a prominent role in today's African literature and in fictions more generally.The aim of my thesis is to analyse different kinds of updating those heroes, from 1890 to the contemporary world, in fictions and “texts” in its extensive meaning. This study is inspired by Certeau's approach to historical writing. Literature (theatre, poetry, novels...) but also other texts less valued by institutions or less studied as songs, ballets (in television or in theatres), school books (as history textbooks). The latter section requires fields research, as manuals cannot be found in France.Samori (Guinea Conakry), Sarraounia (Niger) and Nehanda (Zimbabwe) were converted from historical person into narrative characters, and as such they embody the memory of the colonization process, the fascinating values (with all connotations, whether positive or negative) of a group, and a collective imagination of history. Far from being a sanctuary dedicated to the preservation of memory and history, literature plays a major role in the construction of imaginative communities and in the elaboration of a common past. Literature, through such cultural heroes or “literary myths”, performs the critical function of encompassing as well as reshaping the lines of postcolonial memory
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Reis, Edmilson Quirino dos. "A representação do corpo humano na arte Iorubá." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/93/93131/tde-27042015-154306/.
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A dissertação tem como objeto de pesquisa obras de arte tradicionais de origem africana do grupo étnico Iorubá onde se encontra representado o corpo humano. Busco elucidar as causas sociais, históricas, filosóficas que possibilitaram as produções escultóricas artísticas que apresentam geralmente formas antropóides.The dissertation has as object of research works of traditional art from Africa\'s Yoruba ethnic group where the representation of the human body. Seeking to explain the social, historical, philosophical causes that allowed the artistic sculptural productions usually feature anthropoid forms.
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Boaro, Júlio César. "Esculpir o tempo: arte, educação e ancestralidade entre os Fons, os Iorubás e os Tchokwes." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/48/48134/tde-30092013-161541/.
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Esta dissertação aponta para um caminho cuja trajetória é a busca e o entendimento da complexidade da arte e da cultura africana, especialmente da África subsaariana e, dessa forma, contribuir para uma reflexão sobre a formação da cultura brasileira nos seus modos de ser e de pensar, através das características atribuídas aos descendentes de africanos que para o Brasil foram trazidos na condição de escravos. Nosso ponto de partida é a religiosidade de matriz africana reinventada no Brasil, e o motivo pelo qual a escolhemos como base, sem nos aprofundarmos em seus significados, é que ela guarda, mesmo que recriados, traços importantes da linguagem e de um modo de ser que refletem uma maneira muito peculiar característica dos habitantes daquele continente. Aportando nossos estudos no citado território, especialmente nos sítios dos iorubás (Nigéria, principalmente), dos fons (Benim) e dos tchokwes (Angola e Congo), utilizamos a arte não somente como uma maneira de expressão da cultura, mas também apresentando a produção escultórica como uma forma de dialogar com a mitologia. História, arte, mitologia, ancestralidade, poesia e educação africana estão presentes nesta pesquisa que também visa contribuir com as Leis 10639/03 e 11.645/08, de ensino de história e culturas africanas e afro-brasileiras nas salas de aula.This work points to a path whose trajectory is seeking and understanding of the complexity of art and African culture, especially Sub-Saharan Africa and thereby contribute to a reflection on the formation of Brazilian culture in their ways of being and thinking, through the characteristics attributed to the descendants of Africans who were brought to Brazil as slaves. Our starting point is the religiosity of African reinvented in Brazil, and the reason we chose as the base, without delving into their meanings, is that she keeps, even recreated important features of language and a way of being that reflect a very peculiar characteristic of the inhabitants of that continent. Bringing our studies in the said territory, especially in sites Yoruba (Nigeria, mostly), the fons (Benin) and tchokwes (Angola and Congo), we use the art not only as a way of expression of culture, but also showing the production sculpture as a form of dialogue with the mythology. History, art, mythology, ancestry, poetry and African education are present in this study also aims to contribute to the Laws 10639/03 and 11.645/08, teaching history and African cultures and african-Brazilian classrooms.
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Lim, Samuel. "L'art africain : systématicité et classification : exemple : la statuaire africaine." Paris 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA010634.
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À de rares exceptions près, l'analyse des arts africains n'a guère dépassé la phase purement descriptive des phénomènes ou des simples généralités. Le plus souvent, elle n'a pas cherché le moins du monde à constituer une problématique. Carl Einstein fut cependant, en ce domaine, un précurseur émérite. Et, à notre connaissance, il le reste encore, bien que certaines de ses vues soient tombées aujourd'hui en désuétude. C'est alors que parait, en 1915, à Leipniz en Allemagne, le negerplastik dont Carl Einstein fut l'auteur, bref ouvrage ethnographiquement des plus flous et des plus ambigus, mais esthétiquement très important et fiable, car les qualités maitresses de la sculpture noire y sont mises éminemment en évidence dans la mesure ou l'auteur y découvrait à sa grande surprise des réponses à certains problèmes cardinaux et cruciaux qui se posaient alors pour les plus sagaces des artistes européens. Art visant au premier chef moins à décrire qu'à instaurer des réalités et qui, dédaigneux des virtuosités, exigeait l'établissement, entre les diverses parties de l'œuvre, des connexions plastiques indépendantes, des connexions d'ordre logique dues à ce que la chose figurée présente par elle-même une unité (personnage, par exemple, ou motif quelconque qui a été saisi comme un tout isolable), art dont l'un des objectifs majeurs était l'organisation cohérente et vivante des formes, soit leur liaison par analogie ou par contraste, leur équilibre et leur assujettissement à un rythme. La sculpture noire se situait, au point de vue morphologique, sur un plan voisin de celui du cubisme tel qu'il était alors connuWith very rare exceptions the analysis of African art has hardly progressed beyond the purely descriptive stage or that of simple generalities. In most cases, it has not sought in the least degree to constitute a problematic. Carl einstein was however a distinguished predecessor in this domain. And, to our knowledge, he still romains so, even if some of his views have today fallen into disuse. Carl Einstein's negerplastik appeared in leipniz, germany in 1915. It was a short work which in terms of ethnography ranks amongst the most vague and ambiguous exemples, even as it is aesthetically very important and trustworthy, because it puts clearly in evidence the masterful qualities of blac sculpture, to the extent that the author discovers to his great surprise responses or answers to cortain fundamental and crucial problems that then occupied the most penetrating and knowedgeable european artists. The essential aim of this art is not so much to describe, but rather to establish certain realities. This approach requires a turn from virtuosity in favor of the establishment of plastik connections between diverse parts of the work, independent of connections of a logical order : owing to this, the thing figured represents for itself a unity (a personage for instance, or whatever motif has been grasped as an isolable whole). Given that one of the major objectives of this art was the coherent and lively organisation of forms, either liason by analogy or contrast their balance and subjection to a rythm, black sculpture situated itself on a plane morphologic neughbowring cubism as it was then known
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Mauchan, Fiona. "The African Biennale : envisioning ‘authentic’ African contemporaneity." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/2596.
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Thesis (MA (VA)(Visual Arts))--University of Stellenbosch, 2009.This thesis aims to assess the extent to which the African curated exhibition, Dak’Art: Biennale de l’art africain contemporain , succeeds in subverting hegemonic Western representations of African art as necessarily ‘exotic’ and ‘Other.’ My investigation of the Dak’Art biennale in this thesis is informed and preceded by a study of evolutionist assumptions towards African art and the continuing struggle for command over the African voice. I outline the trajectory of African art from primitive artifact to artwork, highlighting the prejudices that have kept Africans from being valued as equals and unique artists in their own right. I then look at exhibiting techniques employed to move beyond perceptions of the tribal, to subvert the exoticising tendency of the West and remedy the marginalised position of the larger African artistic community.
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Coleman, Tasha. "Including African Americans in the mainstream museum experience /." Philadelphia, Pa. : Drexel University, 2000.
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Pretorius, Susanna Cornelia. "Visitors' perceived contribution of South African arts festivals to the arts / Susanna Cornelia Pretorius." Thesis, North-West University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/9824.
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The primary goal of the study was to determine the contribution of three distinct South African arts festivals to the arts, namely Klein Karoo National Arts Festival (KKNK), Innibos and Vryfees arts festivals as perceived by visitors to the festivals. To achieve this goal, five objectives were formulated. Firstly, to provide a literature overview of the arts phenomena, by exploring the relationship between arts and culture, the arts context, the arts-related tourism product and then the perceived contributions of arts festivals to the arts; secondly, to determine the perceptions that the visitors to Klein Karoo National Arts Festival (KKNK) have regarding the festival’s contribution to the arts and whether the perceived contributions differs according to the sociodemographic characteristics of the visitors to KKNK; thirdly, to determine the perceived contribution of Innibos Low Veld National Arts Festival (Innibos) and Vryfees Arts Festival (Vryfees) to the arts and, here, to analyse possible differences regarding festival visitors’ involvement in the arts according to their arts preferences; fourthly, to determine the perceived contribution of arts festivals in South Africa to the arts at three arts festivals, namely the KKNK, Innibos and Vryfees festivals, and then to analyse whether or not the festivals differ in terms of their contribution to the arts; and lastly, to draw conclusions from the research and to make recommendations regarding the contributions that these selected South African arts festivals make to the arts.
The first objective was achieved by conducting a literature study. Literature was analysed to dentify the relationship between arts and culture when defining the arts. The arts were then placed in the arts festival context; explaining and identifying different art forms that can be present at these events, where after the arts related tourism products were explored with a particular focus on arts festivals. Six contributing factors that arts festivals have for the arts were identified from the literature and each was discussed separately. The contributing factors discovered include the emotional contribution, educational contribution, economic contribution, quality contribution, marketing contribution and the growth and development contribution.
Achieving the second objective entailed using a destination-based survey administered at KKNK in Oudtshoorn, Western Cape. An exploratory factor analysis was subsequently conducted and five factors revealed themselves, being Visual arts enhancement, Performing arts enhancement, Emotional inspiration, Visual arts involvement and Performing arts exposure. The factor analysis indicated that KKNK is perceived to contribute to the arts. ANOVAs and ttests were undertaken for further statistical analysis to determine differences in perception between socio-demographic characteristics, such as age, previous arts exposure, arts preference and geographic location of the visitors to KKNK. As the festival is perceived to contribute to the arts, implications were structured for the festival to ensure its continuing contribution to all forms of the arts equally.
The third objective was to determine the contributing factors to the arts of two arts festivals, the Innibos and Vryfees festivals, and to determine whether or not preference for a particular type of art might influence personal arts involvement at the festivals. Surveys were conducted at both Innibos in Mbombela, Mpumalanga and at Vryfees in Bloemfontein, Free State. Separate exploratory factor analyses and two-way frequency tables were subsequently conducted to determine the contributing factors of the festivals. This process was followed by independent ttests that were used to investigate any statistically significant differences between visitors who preferred the performing arts and those who leaned towards the visual arts and to their personal involvement to the arts. The results show some moderate differences between arts preference and personal arts involvement concerning the purchase of performing and visual arts products and activities. The results are relevant when the marketing and planning of arts festivals is considered in order to achieve both better arts contribution and personal arts involvement.
The fourth objective sought to determine the perceived contribution of three Afrikaans arts festivals, the KKNK, Innibos and Vryfees festivals, to the arts. Differences in contributions amongst the festivals were analysed and those areas that seemed to lack contribution were identified. Questionnaire surveys were conducted, whereafter an exploratory factor analysis was performed to determine by means of factors the perceived contribution at these arts festivals. ANOVAs were done to determine any statistically significant differences in the contributions of the three festivals to the performing arts and to the visual arts in terms of each contribution as identified in literature. The results of this study indicated that the extent of their contribution varied in terms of both the type and the level of their contribution to the arts they presented. The results confirm that the visitors to Afrikaans arts festivals in South Africa perceive them as contributing to the arts. Marketing, programming and planning proposals to effectively increase the arts contribution at these three festivals were also made.
The final objective, to draw conclusions and make recommendations founded on the results of the study, indicated that this study made a significant contribution to arts festival planning as it would lead to the development of arts festivals contributing to the arts more effectively and more efficiently.
This research made a significant contribution to arts festival research and the contribution that arts festivals have to the arts, since this is the first of its kind. It was recommended that the actual contribution of arts festivals to the arts be measured and not merely the contributions these festivals may appear to have according to the perceptions of festival visitors. It was also evident that the personal involvement of visitors to the arts festivals must be considered when evaluating the contribution of the festivals to the arts. Future research on this topic should be conducted at other arts festivals in order to enable comparative studies. A better understanding of the contributing factors of the arts festival to the arts will assist festival managers in implementing strategies that ensures the livelihood and on-going contribution of arts festivals to the arts. Examining arts festivals based on their perceived contributions has, therefore, proved useful to comprehensively evaluate the festivals under review and particularly as they seek to increase their contribution to all types of arts.Thesis (MCom (Tourism Management))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2013.
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Pruitt, Sharon Ivette. "Perspectives in the study of Nigerian Kuntu art : a traditionalist style in contemporary African visual expression /." The Ohio State University, 1985. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487260859495397.
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Petty, Nancy. "African Art in Western Museums: Issues and Perspectives." Honors in the Major Thesis, University of Central Florida, 2006. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETH/id/992.
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This item is only available in print in the UCF Libraries. If this is your Honors Thesis, you can help us make it available online for use by researchers around the world by following the instructions on the distribution consent form at http://library.ucf.edu/Systems/DigitalInitiatives/DigitalCollections/InternetDistributionConsentAgreementForm.pdf You may also contact the project coordinator, Kerri Bottorff, at kerri.bottorff@ucf.edu for more information.Bachelors
Arts and Sciences
Art History
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Guibergia, Béatrice. "Influences plastiques des « arts premiers » de l’Afrique occidentale et centrale." Aix-Marseille 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009AIX10090.
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Les « arts premiers », depuis leur découverte par les artistes occidentaux, il y a un siècle, auraient eu une influence prépondérante sur la modernité. L’analyse des formes primitives de l’art africain, par des artistes majeurs comme Matisse, Derain, Picasso, Braque, Modigliani, Klee ou Kandinsky, aurait permis d’insuffler la vitalité nécessaire à des recherches picturales qui devaient changer le cours de l’art au vingtième siècle. Depuis les relations entre l’art contemporain occidental et les sociétés post-coloniales, avec la nécessité des échanges et des communications, auraient évolué vers un métissage esthétique, harmonisant les particularités des cultures. Dans cette dialectique enrichissante s’inscrirait une pratique personnelle, dont le primitivisme plastique et intellectuel serait évalué par une étude des processus de création.
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Rocha, Maria Corina. "Imagens e palavras: suas correspondências na arte africana." Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/71/71131/tde-05072007-102226/.
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Esta dissertação constitui-se da pesquisa e do estudo bibliográfico sobre cultura material e arte africana tradicional, aqui entendida como a arte de origem anterior ao período da colonização européia, antes do século XIX, mas também a produzida durante este período, especificamente a arte da África central. Nossa pesquisa reflete o fato de haver no Brasil uma omissão considerável de fontes bibliográficas e de informações específicas sobre arte e cultura material africana em língua portuguesa, sobretudo de natureza didático-pedagógica. Visamos também a Lei 10639/2003, que torna obrigatório o ensino de História da África e Cultura Afro-brasileira no âmbito da Educação Básica, e em especial nas áreas de Educação Artística, Literatura e História do BrasilThe main subject of this work is equally the research and the bibliographical study about material culture and traditional African art, here understood as the art previous to the period of the European colonization, before the 19th century, but also that produced during this period, specifically the art of Central Africa. Our research reflects the fact that in Brazil there is a considerable lack of bibliographical sources and specific information on art and African material culture in Portuguese language, mainly of didactic and pedagogic nature. We also aim at the governmental resolution that assures the teaching of African History and Afro- Brazilian Culture in the sphere of basic education, especially in the areas of Art Education, Literature and Brazilian History
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Borràs, Pàmies Maria Teresa. "El primitivismo en Antonio Saura: El artista y el coleccionista." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/668917.
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La obra de Antonio Saura ha sido ampliamente difundida a través de numerosas publicaciones y exposiciones de ámbito internacional. Sin embargo, aunque él mismo se declaró coleccionista de arte primitivo y manifestó la influencia de este en su creación artística, permanece inédita una mirada a su producción desde la perspectiva del primitivismo.
Este trabajo da a conocer su colección para reencontrarla después en su obra, a partir de la cual se descubre una más amplia influencia del universo primitivo que se pone en evidencia también en sus escritos, dando cuenta así de las relaciones tejidas entre el coleccionista, el artista y el escritor y ofreciendo, en definitiva, una nueva lectura de uno de los pintores españoles más interesantes de la segunda mitad del siglo XX .L'obra d'Antonio Saura ha estat àmpliament difosa a través de nombroses publicacions i exposicions d'àmbit internacional. No obstant això, encara que ell mateix es va declarar col·leccionista d'art primitiu i va manifestar la influència d'aquest en la seva creació artística, roman inèdita una mirada a la seva producció des de la perspectiva del primitivisme. Aquest treball dóna a conèixer la seva col·lecció per retrobar-la després en la seva obra, a partir de la qual es descobreix una més àmplia influència de l'univers primitiu que es posa en evidència també en els seus escrits, donant compte així de les relacions teixides entre el col·leccionista, l'artista i l'escriptor i oferint, en definitiva, una nova lectura d'un dels pintors espanyols més interessants de la segona meitat del segle XX.
Antonio Saura’s work is widely known through numerous publications and international exhibitions. Although he declared he was a collector of primitive art and that it had influenced in his artistic creation, a view of his work from the perspective of primitivism remains unpublished. This paper brings to light his collection which can be found later in his artistic production where one discovers a wider influence of the primitive universe which is also evident in his writings, thus revealing the relationships woven between the collector, the artist and the writer and offering, ultimately, a new perspective of one of the most interesting Spanish painters of the second half of the twentieth century.
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Kriel, Jaun Antonie. "Communication efficacy of South African arts festivals : the case of Klein Karoo National Arts Festival / J.A. Kriel." Thesis, North-West University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/4451.
Full textAbstract:
The primary objective of this study was to determine the communication efficacy at arts
festivals with specific reference to the Klein Karoo Nasionale Kunstefees (KKNK). This goal
was achieved by firstly discussing the concept of communication. Secondly, a literature study
was conducted in order to examine the links between communication and events. Thirdly, the
results of the empirical research were discussed, and finally conclusions were drawn from
the research and recommendations were made with regard to the communication efficacy of
events, as well as for further research.
From the literature, communication between the event organisers and the local community
was defined. It was noted that communication plays an integral part in the success of an
event. The host community plays an integral part in events as role players. By establishing
and implementing an effective communication strategy to and from the organisers, the KKNK
will harvest the fruits of a successful cultural event.
Participation, decision making and informing the stakeholders using different types of media
was the means by which the KKNK organisers communicated with the host community.
Positive and negative impacts were measured in a questionnaire. The questionnaire that
sought to measure whether there were significant differences between the two host
communities of Oudtshoorn, and whether there were any differences in the results of the
communication strategy of the organisers when comparing the opinions of the white and of
the coloured communities. The questionnaires were distributed among the community
members of Oudtshoorn, using on a stratified sampling method, and by using a random
sampling method. A total of 258 questionnaires were completed, 110 from the white
community and 148 from the coloured community.
Means and standards deviations were determined following the affected sizes to explore the
differences between the importance of participation and communication in the two
communities, based on the dimensions of the various factors as determined in the factor
analysis. It became clear that there is a small effect (0.2-0.5) on the opinions of the two
communities regarding their being informed, community participation and the communication
from KKNK to the Oudtshoorn community in general. Decision-making and participation
opinions resulted in medium effects. It is the major significance of these effect sizes that the white and coloured communities do not believe they have equal decision making
opportunities and participation.
The chi-square test of significance revealed a small significance (0.1 - 0.3) in the following
areas: overall communication, information received and sought for through different types of
media and importance of the KKNK to Oudtshoorn. A medium significance (0.3 - 0.5) was
measured, and recommendations were made that programs meeting the needs of host
communities, decision making and having the community become active in festival programs
should be initiated.
This study contributes to the limited amount of literature available on the communication
efficacy of events to their host communities.Thesis (M.Com. (Tourism))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2011.
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Bassene, Reine. "L'art contemporain africain : enjeux et perspectives face à l'émergence du marché de l'art globalisé." Thesis, Nice, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013NICE2046/document.
Full textAbstract:
L’art contemporain africain a fait son entrée dans le système globalisé, d’abord par les manifestations artistiques, ensuite dans les maisons de vente. Depuis les années post-indépendances, une nouvelle vision de l’art contemporain africain a émergé avec l’avènement des discours postcoloniaux. Ces idées inédites ont entraîné une lecture différente de l’esthétique contemporaine africaine avec l’appui de certains commissaires d’exposition. Parallèlement, une vision de l’artiste « authentique » subsiste dans les manifestations et donne de l’artiste africain une image qui peut paraître quelques fois figée. Les artistes contemporains africains se retrouvent aujourd’hui dans une situation conflictuelle ; ils doivent soit se rapprocher des centres d’impulsion artistiques c’est-à-dire du marché de l’art occidental ou rester sur le continent africain et tenter par des initiatives diverses et variées d’intégrer un marché qui reste encore en occident. Les zones périphériques arrivent cependant peu à peu à se muter en centres d’impulsion mais restent pour le moment modestes.Avec l’avènement des nouvelles technologies, des opportunités s’offrent aux artistes des périphéries en termes d’usages mais aussi en tant que medium. Leur application pousse à la réflexion, et à une tentative de compréhension des enjeux qui se profilent pour l’art contemporain africain et des perspectives qu’il faudra entrevoir à travers le paradigme des postcoloniales studies et à travers l’avènement des technologies de l’information et des communication. Est-il possible de proposer de nouvelles approches pour promouvoir la diffusion de l’art contemporain africain à travers les dispositifs socio-techniques disponibles mais aussi à travers la gestion de l’information. ? Dans une première partie, cette thèse tente de montrer la diversité des arts de l’Afrique pour en comprendre la complexité aujourd’hui. Puis en analysant les liens qu’elle a eus avec l’occident, d’en comprendre l’histoire.Dans une seconde partie la place de l’identité de l’artiste africain mais aussi son positionnement puis les initiatives qui sont menées sur le continent permettront de mieux appréhender les enjeux et perspectives qui dans la troisième partie, permettront d’avoir un point de vue global sur ce qui régit aujourd’hui l’art contemporain africainThe contemporary African art has made its entry into the globalized system, first through artistic exhibitions then in the auction houses. Since the 1960s’ a new vision of contemporary African art has emerged with the postcolonial discourse. These ideas have led to a different reading of the contemporary African aesthetic with the support of some curators. Meanwhile, a vision of the “authentic” artist remains in many European and American exhibitions. African artist give an image that can sometimes seem fossilized The contemporary African artists today find themselves in a situation, which can be source of conflicts. They can get close to the artistic centers pulse which means the Western art market or stay on the African continent and try by different initiatives to include a market which is still outlying areas like western countriesThe other areas however gradually mutate into centers pulse but remain modest for the time being. With the advent of new technologies, opportunities exist for artists from the third world in terms of use but also as media. Their application pushes the reflection, and then attempt to understand the challenges that lies ahead for contemporary African art and perspectives that will glimpse through the paradigm of postcolonial studies and through the advent of technologies of information and communication. Is it possible to suggest new approaches to promote the dissemination of contemporary African art through socio-technical devices available but also through information management? The first part, this thesis attempts to show the diversity of the arts of Africa to understand it’s complexity today. Then by analyzing the relationship it has with the West, to understand it’s history.The second part tries to understand the identity of the African artist but also its positioning and initiatives that are carried out on the continent will better understand the challenges and opportunities.The third part will give a point of view overall which today governs contemporary African art
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Blake, Tamlin. "South African botanical art : a study of nineteenth- and twentieth-century imagery." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/52458.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (MA)--Stellenbosch University, 2001.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Botanical art consists of a complex combination of scientific fact and aesthetic awareness, and is concerned with more than the realistic representation of a plant and its flowers. It goes beyond the visual description of scientific information and speaks about the contributions artists have made through history to the conventions of both art and science. It contains a unique visual language, conventions which we read intelligently and an evolved tradition, and it is this language and the development of these conventions within the genre of South African botanical art, which this thesis investigates. In South Africa botanical art developed as a direct result of European interest in the flora and the colonisation of this country by the West. A brief history of responses to South African plants is discussed in the Introduction in order to begin to establish an understanding of this tradition and to contextualise the contributions made by 19th-and 20th -century South African botanical artists. Now that postmodernity has called for the reassessment and questioning of 'given truths', alternative ways of assessing botanical art are slowly evolving. Through study and the comparison of botanical art and artists of South Africa their evaluation as artists is reconsidered. This issue of defining art and artists is the subject of Chapter One of this study. Some of the factors that have a bearing on this include: relationships between text and image; art and science; art and illustration; and how society's expectations of gender roles affect the production of botanical art. In order to establish a context from which to discuss plant imagery in South Africa, it is important to study the history and development of botanical art in this country. Chapter Two discusses the emergence and development of this art form and its artists, starting with a short description of people and events from the 1600s and then takes a comprehensive look at developments in the 19th and 20m centuries. For the artists working within the genre of botanical art, the conventions and inventions are often explicitly formulated. It is an art based on the logic, scrutiny and informative tradition of science, where the main objective is to represent a plant's structural essence. Fundamental to our response to botanical art, however, is the style and technique employed by the artist. Chapter Three is devoted to a detailed discussion of the work of selected contemporary South African botanical art and artists. By comparing their work it is possible to establish trends and developments in representation and the role played by mediums and techniques in this highly skilled art form. Since this research has both a theoretical and a practical component, Chapter Four is devoted to discussion of my own work within the botanical art genre. I describe and illustrate several related series of paintings and explore established conventions and ways of developing my own stylistic identity as a botanical artist.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Botaniese kuns bestaan uit 'n komplekse kombinasie van wetenskaplike feite en estetiese bewustheid, en is gemoeid met baie meer as net die realistiese voorstelling van 'n plant en sy blomme. Dit gaan verder as net die blote visuele uitbeelding van wetenskaplike informasie, en behels die bydraes wat kunstenaars deur die geskiedenis tot die konvensies van beide kuns en die wetenskap gemaak het. Botaniese kuns besit 'n unieke visuele taal, konvensies wat intelligent gelees word, en 'n ontwikkelde tradisie. Hierdie tesis ondersoek juis hierdie spesiale taal en ontwikkeling van konvensies binne die genre van Suid-Afrikaanse botaniese kuns. Botaniese kuns in Suid-Afrika het ontwikkel as In direkte gevolg van Europese belangstelling in die flora, en Westerse kolonialisasie van hierdie land. In die Inleidingword daar kortliks gekyk na die geskiedenis van die hantering van Suid-Afrikaanse plante, en het ten doelom eerstens 'n begrip van hierdie tradisie daar te stel, en tweedens om die bydraes van 19de en 20ste eeuse Suid-Afrikaanse botaniese kunstenaars te kontekstualiseer. Sedert Postmodernisme die herevaluering en bevraagtekening van gegewewe waarhede aangewakker het, is die ontwikkeling van alternatiewe maniere van kyk na botaniese kuns stadig besig om plaas te vind. Deur die bestudering en vergelyking van botaniese kuns en kunstenaars van Suid-Afrika, word die botaniese kunstenaar se status as kunstenaar uitgelig. Hierdie kwessie oor die defmieëring van kuns en kunstenaars is die onderwerp van Hoofstuk 1 van hierdie werkstuk. 'n Paar van die faktore wat In invloed op laasgenoemde het, sluit in: verhoudinge tussen beeld en teks; kuns en wetenskap; kuns en illustrasie; en hoe kwessies van geslag soos waargeneem deur die samelewing die produsering van botaniese kuns beïnvloed. Dit is belangrik om die geskiedenis en ontwikkeling van botaniese kuns in Suid-Afrika te bestudeer, sodat daar 'n konteks geskep kan word waarbinne die afbeelding van plante in hierdie land bespreek kan word. Hoofstuk 2 behandel die totstandkoming en ontwikkeling van hierdie kunsvorm en sy kunstenaars, en begin met 'n kort beskrywing van mense en gebeurtenisse van die 1600s wat gevolg word deur 'n uitgebreide kyk na ontwikkelinge gedurende die 19de en 20ste eeue. Vir die kunstenaars wat werk binne die genre van botaniese kuns, is die konvensies en bevindings van die medium dikwels breedvoerig geformuleer. Dit is 'n kunsvorm gebasseer op die logiese, navorsbare en insiggewende tradisie van die wetenskap, waar die hoofdoel die voorstelling van 'n plant se strukturele essensie is. Fundementeel in die benadering tot botaniese kuns is die styl en tegniek wat deur die kunstenaar gebruik word. Hoofstuk 3 word gewy aan 'n gedetailleerde bespreking van die werk van geselekteerde kontemporêre Suid-Afrikaanse bot~iese kuns en kunstenaars. Deur hul werk te vergelyk is dit moontlik om tendense en ontwikkelings in die voorstelling en aanbieding van botaniese kuns te bepaal, en wat die rol van verskillende mediums en tegnieke in hierdie hoogs geskoolde kunsvorm behels. Weens die feit dat hierdie navorsing uit 'n teoretiese en praktiese komponent bestaan, word Hoofstuk 4 gewy aan 'n bespreking van my praktiese werk binne die genre van botaniese kuns. Ek beskryf en illustreer verskeie verwante reekse werke en kyk na bestaande konvensies en die maniere hoe my eie stilistiese identiteit as botaniese kunstenaar kan ontwikkel binne die medium.
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Van, Zyl Marelize. "Constructing the value of art : a sociological perspective on value creation at South African art auctions." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/20053.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (MA)--Stellenbosch University, 2012.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The value of art is a critical concept in theoretical discourse. As a result, the high prices of artworks on auctions pose questions about the various processes of value construction and the status of art in these processes. This thesis adopts a sociological approach to the construction of value of art on South African auctions. This approach is situated within a socio-historical perspective, which introduces the various social structures and conditions of cultural production. The main premise of this approach is that a multiplicity of social and cultural influences permeates the art market, its processes and structures, and therefore the determination of value. This research therefore indicates that the value of art on auction is socially constructed. As such, the value of an artwork does not reside in itself, but is produced (and constantly reproduced) through processes that are subject to the codes and conventions of the art world. Within the context of the art market, artworks function as commodities for economic exchange. Since economic exchange is socially and culturally situated, the distinctive ways in which art auctions in South Africa (as a market intermediary) encompass certain social and cultural processes, is also explored. To asses the various factors that influence the value and exchange of artworks on auction, the study introduces the Components of Value Model. The Aesthetic and Historical Factors; the Supporting Documentation and Material Attributes of an artwork, as well as the Financial and Economic Factors collectively indicate that values are, first and foremost, social categories. The value of art on auction is therefore a socially constructed value.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die waarde van kuns is ‘n kritiese konesep in teoretiese gesprekvoering. Na aanleiding van die hoë pryse wat kunswerke op Suid-Afrikaanse veilings behaal, word verskeie vrae gevolglik gestel rondom die verskillende prosesse van waarde samestelling en die status van kuns in hierdie prosesse. Hierdie verhandeling neem ‘n sosiologiese benadering aan tot die samestelling van die waarde van kuns op veilings. Dié benadering is gesetel binne ‘n sosio-historiese perspektief wat verskeie sosiale strukture en voorwaardes van kulturele-produksie inlei. Die hoof premis van hierdie benadering is dat ‘n aantal sosiale en kulturele invloede die kunsmark se prosesse en trukture deurweek, en gevolglik ook die bepaling van waarde. Hierdie navorsing kom dus tot die gevolgtrekking dat die waarde van kuns op veilings sosiaal geskep word. Gevolglik is die waarde van kuns nie intrinsiek nie, maar word geproduseer (en aanhoudend geherproduseer) deur prosesse wat onderhewig is aan die kodes en konvensies van die kunswêreld. Binne die konteks van die kunsmark, funksioneer kunswerke bloot as kommoditeite vir ekonomiese verhandeling. Omdat ekonomiese vehandeling sosiaal en kultureel gesetel is, word die eiesoortige wyse van hoe kunsveilings (as ‘n marktussenganger) sekere sosiale en kulturele prosesse omvat, ook ondersoek. Om die veskeie faktore wat die waarde van kunswerke op veilings beïnvloed te ondersoek, word die ‘Komponente van Waarde Model’ ingebring. Gevolglik dui die Esteties- en Historiese Faktore; Ondersteunende Dokumentasie en Materiële Eienskappe van kunswerke asook die Finansiële en Ekonomiese Faktore gesamantlik aan dat waardes hoofsaaklik sosiale kategorieë is. Die waarde van kuns op veiling is gevolglik sosiaal gekonstrueer.
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Brundrit, Jean. "Photographic representation of lesbian identity with special reference to the Southern African context." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/51873.
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Thesis (MA)--Stellenbosch University, 2000.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This thesis presents a discussion of a photographic representation of lesbian identity in Southern Africa. Two photographic series, Does your lifestyle depress your mother? and the Dyke Career Series (collectively referred to/exhibited as Lavender Menace) produced during the period 1997 to 1999 form the practical component of this MA submission. Lavender Menace is considered in relation to lesbian identity, lesbian social visibility, stereotypes and the relationship between photography and 'reality'. The various readings that the works can be said to have, are discussed and an explanation of the purpose in photographing the 'ordinariness' of the lesbians who were imaged, is included. A historical overview of the concepts 'lesbian', and 'visibility'specifically in South Africa during the last 50 years, and how homophobia has affected lesbian life is presented in Chapter One. In Chapter Two, the notion of stereotypes is examined, particularly those of the 'butch' lesbian and the 'lipstick' or 'chic' lesbian. Neither of these stereotypes is entirely accurate and the role of stereotypes in potentially disseminating mis-information and prejudice, and how this influences potential ways of identity construction, is discussed. It can be seen that this influence of stereotypes on lesbians and lesbian visual representation cannot be ignored as the dominant stereotypes in society are too pervasive. The notion of readability is explored in Chapter Three. The constructed nature of photography, specifically with regard to Lavender Menace, is discussed in relation to truth, theatricality, the use of text and possible readings of the work. An explanation of my particular purpose in choosing to photograph in the way I did is included, concluding that although meaning is not fixed, the intention of the artist can be visually presented in a 'legible' manner (if desired) to assist possible interpretations. This thesis/research has been utilised to inform my own artistic production, by exploring the questions and issues raised while producing Lavender Menace, namely lesbian visibility, the use of stereotypes and how images are interpreted. This thesis and Lavender Menace should contribute to the general research area by promoting social visibility of lesbians in South Africa.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie tesis bied 'n bespreking van 'n fotografiese voorstelling van lesbiese identiteit in Suid-Afrika. Die praktiese komponent van die voorlegging vir die Meestersgraad bestaan uit twee reekse fotos, Does your lifestyle depress your mother? en Dyke Career Series, wat in die periode vanaf 1997 tot 1999 geproduseer is (en gesamentlik as Lavender Menace uitgestal/beskou word). Lavender Menace word in verhouding tot lesbiese identitieit, lesbiese sosiale sigbaarheid, stereotipes en die verhouding tussen fotografie en 'werklikheid' beskou. Die verskillende lesings/beduidenisse wat die werk sou kon hê, word bespreek en 'n verduideliking van die doelstelling met die fotografering van die 'gewoonheid' van die lesbiese wat verbeeld is, word ingesluit. 'n Historiese oorsig van die konsepte 'lesbies' en 'sigbaarheid', veral in Suid-Afrika gedurende die afgelope 50 jaar, en hoe homofobie die lesbiese lewenswyse geaffekteer het, word in Hoofstuk Een aangebied. In Hoofstuk Twee word die idee van stereotipes ondersoek, veral die van die 'butch' en die 'lipstiffie-', of'sjiek' lesbiese vrou. Geeneen van hierdie stereotipes is geheel-en-al korrek nie en die rol van stereotipes in die potensiële verspreiding van verkeerde inligting en vooroordeel en hoe dit die potensiële wyses vir die konstruksie van identiteit affekteer, word bespreek. Daar word getoon dat die invloed van stereotipering op die lesbiese vrou en die lesbiese visuele voorstelling nie geïgnoreer kan word nie, aangesien die oorheersende stereotipes in die samelewing te deurdringend is. Die idee van leesbaarheid word in Hoofstuk Drie ondersoek. Die gekonstrueerde aard van fotografie, veral met betrekking tot Lavender Menace, word met betrekking tot die waarheid, die teatrale, die gebruik van teks en moontlike lesings/interpretasies van die werk bespreek. 'n Verduideliking van my besondere doelstelling met die keuse van hoé om te fotografeer word ingesluit, met die konklusie dat, alhoewel betekenis nie finaal vasgelê is nie, die bedoeling van die kunstenaar visueel op 'n 'leesbare' manier voorgestel kan word (indien dit verlang word) om moontlike interpretasies te ondersteun. Die tesis/navorsing is aangewend om my eie artistieke produksie in te lig deur die vrae en kwessies wat gedurende die produksie van Lavender Menace na vore gekom het, namens lesbiese sigbaarheid, die gebruik van stereotipes en hoe beelde geïnterpreteer word, te ondersoek. Hierdie tesis, tesame met Lavender Menace, behoort Inbydrae te lewer tot die navorsingveld in die algemeen deur die bevordering van die sosiale sigbaarheid van die lesbiese in Suid-Afrika.
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Bellé, Larissa Antonia. "Museus virtuais e a formação de professores de artes visuais no contexto da lei 10.639/2003." Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, 2012. http://tede.udesc.br/handle/handle/677.
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Previous issue date: 2012-09-11Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
The objective of this dissertation is to analyze four virtual museums containing African and/or Afro-Brazilian art, as well as the educational proposals developed by those institutions in the websites available on the Internet, being considered as possibilities to the contribution for the Visual Arts teacher training. In this sense, the intention of this study is to cooperate with the implementation of the Law 10.639/2003, under a perspective based on critical-multiculturalism. Teachers training is a theme that is gaining ground in the educational area as a way of reflecting on the role of the teacher facing the search for a good quality education. The Internet then becomes a potentiating tool in the Visual Arts teacher training, for the development of skills before contemporary technologies that the school and today s world need. The critical-multicultural perspective advocates that the valorization of all cultures respects the differences and seeks for social, political and cultural inclusion of all human groups, in different social spaces, with equal rights and opportunities. With the critical-multiculturalism permeating the pedagogical actions, the school portrays as an important social space, legitimating patterns and postures, as well as praising the minority groups that pass through discrimination and intolerance situations. Therefore, the virtual museums containing African and/or Afro-Brazilian art become efficient sources in order for the teachers to broaden out their theoretical repertoire in their initial and/or continued training, so that they can correct the injustices against the Afro-Brazilians. We performed an excerpt from the observation of websites that work with the African and/or Afro-Brazilian art theme and we picked up a sample from four websites as objects, questioning them in relation to the instrument created from the systematization of some studies that analyze educational websites, such as a pilot study described by Bellé and Fonseca da Silva (2010), as well as a study elaborated by Portella (2003). Other studies in the area of museum websites also cooperated with the study, such as Yamamoto (2001), Miranda (2001) and Rico et al (2009). The sample, the data collection, and the data analysis were based on a qualitative, empirical, descriptive and analytical approach. The four websites chosen represent four cultural institutions with physical office, they were all Brazilian and disseminate contents on the perspective of the Law 10.639/2003, which tries to rescue the history and the memory of Afro-Brazilians in Brazil, in line with Africa and with Brazilian cultural practices. Concerning the classification of the virtual museums used in this study, we verified that Brazil does not have African and Afro-Brazilian virtual museums containing all the hypermedia resources they could offer. As a result, we could observe that the websites make use of few possibilities that the Internet can provide to the user, such as greater storage of collections and contents, and greater interactivity and participation of the user in the processes of websites creation, nevertheless, they bring theoretical and conceptual sources, as well as practices that occurred in their physical institutions that can give quality subsidies in the Visual Arts teacher training regarding the Law 10.639/2003
Esta dissertação tem como objetivo analisar quatro museus virtuais com conteúdos de arte afro-brasileira e/ou africana, bem como as propostas educativas desenvolvidas por essas instituições nos seus respectivos sites, como possibilidades para a contribuição na formação dos professores de Artes Visuais. Pretende-se que este estudo colabore para a implementação da Lei 10.639/2003, sob uma perspectiva fundamentada no multiculturalismo crítico. A formação de professores é um tema que ganha espaço no campo da educação como forma de reflexão sobre o protagonismo deste profissional da educação na busca por um ensino de qualidade. A web torna-se um instrumento potencializador na formação de professores de Artes Visuais, para o desenvolvimento de aptidões diante das tecnologias contemporâneas que a escola e o mundo atual necessitam. A perspectiva multicultural crítica preconiza a valorização de todas as culturas, respeita a diferença e busca a inclusão social, política e cultural de todos os grupos humanos nos diversos espaços sociais com igualdade de direitos e de oportunidades. Com o multiculturalismo crítico permeando as ações pedagógicas, a escola figura como importante espaço social, legitimador de padrões e posturas, assim como pode enaltecer os grupos minoritários que passam por situações de discriminação e intolerância. Assim sendo, os museus virtuais com conteúdos de arte afro-brasileira e/ou africana tornam-se fontes eficazes para que o professor amplie o repertório teórico na sua formação inicial e/ou continuada, a fim de corrigir injustiças praticadas aos afro-brasileiros. Realizamos um recorte a partir da observação de sites que trabalham com o tema da arte afro-brasileira e/ou africana e colhemos uma amostra de quatro sites como objeto, problematizando-os frente a um instrumento criado a partir da sistematização de alguns estudos que analisam sites educativos, como um estudo piloto descrito por Bellé e Fonseca da Silva (2010) e também um estudo elaborado por Portella (2003). Outros estudos na área de sites de museu, igualmente colaboraram na pesquisa como Yamamoto (2001), Miranda (2001) e Rico et al (2009). A amostra, a coleta e a análise dos dados basearam-se numa abordagem qualitativa, empírica, descritiva e analítica. Os quatro sites escolhidos representam quatro instituições culturais com sede física, todas brasileiras e que disseminam conteúdos na perspectiva da Lei 10.639/2003, que procuram resgatar a história e a memória dos afro-brasileiros no Brasil, em consonância com a África e com as práticas culturais brasileiras. Na classificação dos museus virtuais, utilizada neste trabalho, constatamos que o Brasil não possui museu virtual de arte afro-brasileira e africana com todos os recursos hipermidiáticos que poderia oferecer. Como resultado, pudemos observar que os sites utilizam poucas possibilidades que a web pode proporcionar ao usuário, como maior armazenamento de acervo e conteúdos, maior interatividade e participação do usuário nos processos de criação dos sites, mas trazem fontes teóricas e conceituais, bem como práticas ocorridas em suas instituições físicas que podem dar subsídios de qualidade na formação dos professores de Artes Visuais no tocante à Lei 10.639/2003
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Josephy, Svea Valeska. "The development of a critical practice in post-apartheid South African photography." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/52508.
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Thesis (MA)--Stellenbosch University, 2001.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: South African photography in the 20th century was dominated by the documentary genre. This genre has its roots in 19th century Modernist and colonialist belief in the accuracy of the camera as a tool of representation, and faith in the camera's objectivity and ability to present empirical evidence and 'truth'. These positivist notions were carried into South African documentary practice during the apartheid era. Apartheid-era South African documentary photography was particularly focused on exposing the socio-political ills of apartheid in order to gain support for the liberation movement, both locally and abroad. It was serious and didactic in its purpose and did not allow for creative responses to the medium, as the camera was seen as a 'weapon' of the struggle. The 1990s saw the beginning of the emergence of a liberated South Africa. The documentary imperative to record and expose apartheid practices was now increasingly redundant. Photographers, particularly after the elections, were faced with a 'crisis' of sorts in documentary as the main focus of their subject had been removed. The upshot of this was that documentary photographers had to find new subjects, which they had to approach in different ways. The arrival of Postmodernism in South Africa coincided with the demise of apartheid. It had in essence been kept at bay by what seemed to be the more pressing issues of the struggle. Postmodern art and its theoretical base, post-structuralism, argued for an erosion of the previously fixed concepts of genre, and allowed for the mixing of the previously separate categories of 'documentary' and 'art'. There was a radical questioning of previously fixed constructs of race, identity, class and gender. The erosion of the documentary imperative to record allowed for more creative responses to the medium than ever before. Artists were able to experiment technically, with video, multi-media, digital photography, historical processes, colour, composite work and interactive pieces. In this thesis I explore the above-mentioned shift and situate my practical work within this contemporary paradigm.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Op die gebied van fotografie is die toneel in Suid-Afrika in die 20ste eeu deur die dokumentêre genre oorheers. Die genre het sy oorsprong in 'n Modernistiese en kolonialistiese, 19de-eeuse siening, naamlik dat die kamera 'n objektiewe en akkurate voorstellingsmiddel is waarmee empiriese bewyse ingesamel en die "waarheid" uitgebeeld kan word. Hierdie positiwistiese uitkyk is tydens die apartheidsjare op die dokumentêre praktyk in Suid-Afrika oorgedra. Tydens hierdie era was dokumentêre fotografie daarop gemik om die sosiopolitieke euwels van Suid-Afrika onder apartheid bloot te lê, ten einde sowel binnelands as buitelands vir die bevrydingsbewegings steun te werf Met hierdie gewigtige en didaktiese doel voor oë, was daar min ruimte vir 'n kreatiewe hantering van die medium, aangesien die kamera as 'n "wapen" in die stryd teen apartheid gesien is. Die 1990's het die begin van Suid-Afrika se bevryding ingelui. Die dokumentêre imperatief om apartheidsdade op rekord te stel en aan die groot klok te hang, het vervaag. Fotograwe het 'n soort "krisis" in die gesig gestaar, veral na die verkiesing, want die onderwerp van hulle fokus het verdwyn. Die resultaat was dat dokumentêre fotograwe nuwe temas moes vind, wat hulle vanuit 'n ander oogpunt moes benader. In Suid-Afrika het die koms van Postmodernisme met die ondergang van apartheid saamgeval. Voorheen is dit in wese oorskadu deur oënskynlik belangriker kwessies rondom die "struggle". Postmoderne kuns en die teoretiese grondslag daarvan, naamlik post-strukturalisme, bepleit 'n beweging weg van die vaste begrip van genre wat voorheen gegeld het. Hiervolgens raak 'n vermenging van die voorheen afsonderlike kategorieë 'dokumentêr' en 'kuns' moontlik. Dit bring ook 'n radikale bevraagtekening mee van die konstrukte ras, identiteit, klas en geslag, wat voorheen as vaste indelings beskou is. Die verflouing van die dokumentêre imperatief om dinge op rekord te stel, maak dit moontlik om op 'n meer kreatiewe wyse as ooit tevore met die medium om te gaan. Kunstenaars kan nou met die tegniese sy van fotografie eksperimenteer: video, multimedia, digitale fotografie, historiese prosesse, kleur, saamgestelde werke en interaktiewe stukke. In hierdie tesis kyk ek op verkennende wyse na die veranderings waarna hierbo verwys word, en situeer ek my praktiese werk binne hierdie kontemporêre paradigma.
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Smith, Dantrayl. "The Success Factors of African American Males in Master of Arts Teaching Programs." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2014. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc500056/.
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The problem of not enough African American males enrolling in masters level teaching programs was addressed in this study. This phenomenological study examined the experiences of African American males in master of arts teaching (MAT) programs to understand why they enrolled and what factors led to persistence throughout their program enrollment. Six African American males currently enrolled in MAT programs in the southern, southwestern, and western regions of the United States participated. Data gathered for each participant included an individual, semi-structured interview and a demographic survey. Audio-recordings were used to capture the fullness of the interviews, and transcription software was used to code, analyze, and sort the data to help identify themes. This study looked through the lens of Strayhorn’s graduate student persistence and Albert Bandura’s self-efficacy theories. Factors that influenced African American males to enroll into a program were (a) education as a necessary credential, (b) desire to give back to society, (c) minority scholarship support, (d) making a connection to passion, and (e) desire to enhance teaching skills. External and internal factors were identified as assisting the males to persist within their programs. Academic institutions and policy makers may find the results useful for understanding the unseen educational barriers likely to limit African American males from enrolling in MAT programs, the issues likely to occur during the process of obtaining the degree, and the factors likely to be assistive to them for achieving program completion.
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Ifejika-Obukwelu, Kate Omuluzua. "Igbo pottery in Nigeria : issues of form, style and technique /." Access Digital Full Text version, 1990. http://pocketknowledge.tc.columbia.edu/home.php/bybib/10939362.
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Nieuwoudt, Leanri. "An investigation of critical citizenship education : exploring art making processes in the South African context." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/86214.
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Thesis (MA(VA))--Stellenbosch University, 2014.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The notion of critical citizenship has become a diverse phenomenon in both South African and global contemporary societies. The purpose of this study is to investigate how the teaching and learning of critical citizenship can be improved in the South African context through participation in art-making processes. This was done by following a qualitative approach and a case study design. The following themes were explored in this study: conceptual abilities; the technicalities of practice; art and emotional development; and collaborative art making. The findings in this investigation showed that involvement in art-making processes certainly contributes to the development of a learner’s ability to become more intelligent, self initiated and critical thinkers. The investigation also shows that the visual arts learning area is recognized as an educational practice that encourages critical thinking and the ability to conceptualize, but the implementation of critical citizenship in both the practical and theoretical teaching of art-making processes is currently lacking. It is suggested that a holistic understanding of both practical and theoretical components in the grade 9 visual arts learning area should be maintained on an equal footing. The emotional development of learners is also identified as a source of concern, since it influences a learner’s adherence to participation with others. It is further suggested that collaborative art making urges learners to engage with the ideas of others in the classroom and therefore can encourage tolerance towards other members of the group. Critical citizenship education in the teaching and learning of the visual arts learning area can have more robust impact on the future of a democratic society if it is implemented more directly in the classroom environment.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die idee van kritiese burgerskap het ‘n diverse verskynsel in beide die Suid-Afrikaanse en globale eietydse samelewings geword. Die doel van hierdie studie is om te ondersoek hoe die onderrig en aanleer van kritiese burgerskap in die Suid-Afrikaanse konteks verbeter kan word deur deelname aan kunsskeppende prosesse. Dit is gedoen deur gebruik te maak van ‘n kwalitatiewe benadering en ‘n gevallestudie-ontwerp. Die volgende temas is in hierdie studie ondersoek: konseptuele vermoëns; die tegniese aspekte van kunspraktyk; kuns en emosionele ontwikkeling; en gesamentlike kunsskepping. Die studie se bevindinge het gewys dat betrokkenheid in kunsskeppende prosesse bydra tot die ontwikkeling van ‘n leerder se vermoë om ‘n meer intelligente, self-geïnisieerde en kritiese denker te word. Die ondersoek het ook gewys dat die visuele kuns leerarea erken word as ‘n opvoedkundige praktyk wat kritiese denke en die vermoë om te konseptualiseer aanmoedig, maar dat die implementering van kritiese burgerskap in beide die praktiese en teoretiese onderrig van kunsskeppende prosesse tans gebrekkig is. Daar word aanbeveel dat ‘n holistiese begrip van beide die praktiese en teoretiese komponente in die Graad 9 visuele kuns leerarea op ‘n gelyke grondslag gehandhaaf word. Die emosionele ontwikkeling van leerders is ook geïdentifiseer as ‘n bron van kommer, aangesien dit ‘n leerder se samewerking met ander beïnvloed. Daar word verder daarop gewys dat gesamentlike kunsskepping leerders kan aanspoor om met ander persone se idees in aanraking te kom, en sodoende verdraagsaamheid teenoor ander lede van die groep te bevorder. Kritiese burgerskap opvoeding in die onderrig en aanleer van die visuele kuns leerarea kan meer robuuste gevolge vir die toekoms van ‘n demokratiese samelewing inhou indien dit meer direk in die klaskamer aangewend word.
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Moys, Jeanne Louise. "An exploration of how professional graphic design discourse impacts on innovation : a focus on the articulation of a South African design language in i-jusi." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2004. http://eprints.ru.ac.za/671/.
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Burger, Idane. "Contemporary jewellery practices and the dialogic interpretation of African material culture." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/80080.
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Thesis (MA)--Stellenbosch University, 2013.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: In this thesis I examine the extent to which interpretations of African material culture play a role in the creation and visualisation of an ‘African aesthetic style’ in South African contemporary jewellery practices. My investigation of an ‘African aesthetic style’ in this thesis is informed by the production, display and writings on African cultural objects. I demonstrate contemporary jewellery design to derive from a critical methodology, particularly as it facilitates a renegotiation of the relationship and dialogue between the producer and viewer of contemporary jewellery objects.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: In hierdie tesis ondersoek ek die wyse waarop interpretasies van Afrika materiële kultuur 'n rol speel in die skepping en die visualisering van 'n 'Afrika estetiese styl' in Suid- Afrikaanse kontemporêre juwelierspraktyke. My ondersoek van so 'n styl is ingelig deur die produksie en uitstalling van, sowel as diskoerse rondom Afrika kulturele objekte. Ek ondersoek kontemporêre juweliersontwerp as 'n kritiese metodologie, veral ten opsigte van die wyse waarop dit 'n nuwe verhouding tussen die vervaardiger en toeskouer van kontemporêre juweliersobjekte fasiliteer.
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Chapi, Aicha. "Towards a reading of Toni Morrison's fiction : African-American history, the arts and contemporary theory /." Thesis, Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1995. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B19671441.
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Martin, Mary Rhoads. "Legal issues in African art." Diss., University of Iowa, 2010. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/546.
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This dissertation surveys the legal and ethical implications of the journey of artworks from Africa to Europe and the United States, beginning with events of the nineteenth century and continuing to the present. It addresses the laws regarding works of art from undeveloped countries, with focus on sub-Saharan Africa. The laws offer insight into what cultural value has been assigned to African art, and the changing laws and ethical norms reflect how African art has been perceived at different times.
This work also discusses to what extent the unique aspects of African art should affect laws protecting the cultural property of sub-Saharan African countries. The dissertation focuses especially on Nigeria, the home of the Kingdom of Benin. It also addresses the legal issues of art from Mali, Cameroon, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo. It shows when, where, and how the legal issues for sub-Saharan art are similar to, or different from, the legal issues for other regions.
Three spheres of academic endeavor were pursued in producing this work: African art history, ethics, and legal studies. From the combination of these areas emerges a narrative with a broad variety of events and people. Although the story is told chronologically, it is based on a set of legal and ethical issues. The common issues fall into four categories: plunder and illegal import/export; ethical collection and display; authenticity and forgery; and ownership and copyright.
African artworks found their way to the West in the nineteenth century. There they were considered "savage fetishes" and put in ethnographic museums. In the twentieth century, Western artists such as Picasso were inspired by the aesthetics of African art, and private collectors began acquiring it. Now the world's major art museums display African art.
Since World War II, important international conferences have established an increasing level of protection for cultural property, and thus for African art. International conventions have not prevented illicit art traffic, however. The story of the Afo-A-Kom's return to Cameroon in 1975 illustrates the diverging interests of collectors, museums, the public, and the source country.
Forgery has been an increasing problem for African art throughout the twentieth century and into the twenty-first century, fed by the high prices that authentic works receive in auction and at galleries. In 1991, for example, Sotheby's sold a forged terra-cotta ram from Mali for more than a quarter of a million dollars.
Today's attitudes and laws concerning African art reflect a complex interplay of historical events and legal changes over time. From the nineteenth century to current times, some progress has been made. Key issues remain from colonial times, however. Despite a growing body of international and national legislation to protect cultural property, African art is still seen by some as a commodity that can be stolen, illegally exported and imported, forged, destroyed or censored.
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Luna, Polo Carolina. "El arte antes del arte : la posibilidad de un arte ancestral a partir de la filosofía analítica del arte de Arthur Danto." Bachelor's thesis, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2018. http://tesis.pucp.edu.pe/repositorio/handle/123456789/13368.
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La presente investigación tiene como objetivo determinar los alcances y las limitaciones de la filosofía del arte
de Arthur Danto al momento de explicar la ontología artística de los objetos ancestrales no occidentales, con el
propósito de evaluar si es que esta es relevante para el entendimiento de una posible ontología artística de los
objetos de la América Ancestral. Inicialmente, se parte de la hipótesis de que la propuesta de Danto podría sugerir
ciertos recursos teóricos para llevar esto a cabo, sin embargo, no será lo suficientemente contundente. Así, la
investigación se divide en dos capítulos. En un primer capítulo, se examinan los conceptos fundamentales de la
filosofía del arte de Arthur Danto según lo expuesto por el filósofo en su obra La transfiguración del lugar
común. Los conceptos que se examinan en esta sección son: el problema de los homólogos indiscernibles; la
cualidad de representación-expresión en las obras de arte y, finalmente, la interpretación de las mismas. En el
segundo capítulo, se examinan los conceptos expuestos en la obra de Arthur Danto titulada Arte y artefacto en
África, analizando la manera en la que se plantean las cuestiones desarrolladas en el capítulo anterior respecto
de la ontología del arte propuesta en La transfiguración del lugar común. Así, se realiza un análisis crítico de la
manera en la que Danto aborda el tema de los homólogos indiscernibles, la cualidad de representación-expresión
en las obras de arte y la interpretación de las mismas en el contexto del arte ancestral no occidental. La
investigación concluye que los recursos utilizados por Danto para probar la ontología artística de los objetos
ancestrales no occidentales (y, con ello, la posibilidad de un arte de la América Ancestral) son insuficientes,
pues, a pesar de sus pretensiones de universalidad recaen en el eurocentrismo.Tesis
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Antrobus, Richard Roy. "The advent of the 'Festivore' an exploration of South African audience attendance in the performing arts at the National Arts Festival." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002362.
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In South Africa, the performing arts have contributed to enhancing national identity and distinctiveness despite coming up against weak legislation, policy and infrastructure to support their growth and proliferation (Fredericks, 2005: 9). Coupled with a decline in both government and consumer support and the contradictory disparity between valuing the arts and the funding of the arts, theatre companies can no longer rely on the comfort of external subsidies and financial support. In order to be economically viable and sustainable to ensure their survival, there is an increasing demand for theatre companies to look to novel ways of increasing audience demand for theatre and improving audience attendance. However, instead of risking artistic integrity and the performance product to satisfy the market, this research suggests that promotion and development of theatre at arts festivals provides a platform to access a wider theatre-going public, which therefore facilitates a change in the market focus toward appreciation of the product (production). It explores leading arguments pertaining to the attendance of arts and cultural events, namely, Peterson and Simkus (1992), later updated by Peterson‟s (2005)„omnivore-univore‟ argument. The argument purports cultural consumption as binary in nature: either significant and diverse or limited, if not absent altogether. Supported by a number of case-studies, including Chan and Goldthorpe (2005) and Montgomery and Robinson (2008) and Snowball et al. (2009), the investigation challenges Bourdieu‟s (1984) theory on cultural distinction as well as the homology and individualisation argument. In determining the factors that influence cultural taste and consumer behaviour, including motivators and inhibitors of attendance and a predominant emphasis on audience risk and information asymmetry, the research was placed in a local context, providing an overview of the socio-economic theatre environment in South Africa. It investigated the nature, structure and impact of local festivals (as events) in changing audience demand and theatre attendance. With specific reference to the South African National Arts Festival (NAF) the research notes the effects of Hauptfleisch‟s „eventification‟ phenomenon on univore attenders and therefore expands the omnivore-univore theory to include a new breed of attender: the “Festivore”. A case study explored the “Festivore” hypothesis through empirical research, surveys and face-to-face qualitative interviews and on-seat questionnaire responses by festival attenders. Personal interviews and communication was also carried out with leading experts in the field. The data was then analysed using SPSS 13 electronic statistical analysis programme to determine the socio-demographics and the factors that affect theatre attendance of existing, as well as potential target, theatre audiences at the National Arts Festival The study concluded that South African theatre attenders are generally omnivorous consumers and that, more importantly, there seems to be a shift towards „festivorous‟ consumption. Furthermore, evidence supports the development and proliferation of festivals as a means not only to support and promote the arts in South Africa but, more importantly, to generate new theatre audiences and entrench theatre attendance into South African culture.
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Watkins, Wesley J. "Ambiguous success : an ethnography of a predominantly African American performing arts school." Thesis, University of Reading, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.435710.
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Kyakuwa, Julius. "Exploring African musical arts as community outreach at the University of Pretoria." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/60374.
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Holdsworth, Ashley. "Liaising Between Visible and Invisible Realities: A Ritual Gourd in the African Collection of the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts." VCU Scholars Compass, 2014. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/3432.
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In 2010, the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts accessioned a ritual gourd from Mambila peoples of Nigeria and Cameroon into their collection. Although ritual containers with similar configurations abound in different parts of the Cameroon Grasslands in Central Africa, the VMFA gourd presents particular difficulties due to the nature of its accumulation and the lack of scholarship on the Mambila peoples. Therefore, in this thesis, all the aspects of its accumulation have been considered in relation to the culture and belief system of the Mambila and their neighbors. Special attention has been paid to the interconnectedness of form, function, and meaning throughout the thesis in order to shed some light on the social, cosmic, and ritual significance of the gourd and its attachments.
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Kama, Lunga. "Imaginative acts of photographic of self-representation as a critical response to representations of the black male body in South African photography." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/86412.
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Thesis(MA)--Stellenbosch University, 2014.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The first part of this thesis discusses some of the problematic photographic practices that form part of the modern visual discourse employed in defining the representation of the black man in South African photography. The aim of this thesis is to critically investigate the visual discourse in contemporary South African photography and to outline the inherent flaws whereby the black male subject is represented according to racial stereotypes inherited from the photographic conventions of colonial discourse. The purpose of this is to investigate my own photographic practice by drawing a critical comparison with the works of German photographer Gustav Theodor Fritsch (b.1834-1927), South African photographers Alfred Martin Duggan-Cronin (b.1874-1954), the Caney brothers (1844-1899), Steve Hilton-Barber (b.1962-2002), Pieter Hugo (b.1976-), Zanele Muholi (b.1972-) and Zwelethu Mthethwa (b.1960-), and Nigerian-born British photographer Rotimi Fani-Kayode (b.1955-1989). My argument is centred around the discussion of these photographer’s works and the visual impact on the manner in which the black subject is portrayed as a ‘noble savage’. The predominant visual representation of the black body in South African photography perpetuates the kinds of discourse that rely on anthropological photographic methods of representation. I argue that where the depiction of the black male body is concerned, a number of contemporary South African photographers mentioned in this thesis continue to unconsciously appropriate a colonial discourse wherein the body of the black man is cast in the exotic role of ‘noble savage’ with extreme attributes regarding sex and gender, either as extremely ‘effeminate’ or, alternatively, as ‘hyper-masculine’ and exuding a ‘raw’ sexual prowess (Read, 1996:64). The work that I create and my photographic practices utilise some of the abovementioned artists’ problematical visual devices in order to subvert them but also to create an alternate perception of black representation. In the second chapter of this thesis, I critically evaluate the work of Rotimi Fani-Kayode as a strategy to employ alternate means of visual representation of the black body in order to critically re-evaluate the work of contemporary South African artists in their depiction of the black male body through either studio photography or documentary photography. The aim is to point out imaginative forms of representation as an alternative to either of the two modes of photography mentioned above. The argument then aims to put emphasis on acts of imaginative self-representation, a contemporary mode in photographic art practice made popular by Rotimi Fani-Kayode. Imaginative self-representation involves “the ritualistic transformation of the colonial imagery into creations of our own” as black artists in order to subvert the dominant discourses on representations of the black body (Fani-Kayode, 1997:6). This is just one of the important strategies used by the artists mentioned in this thesis to critique black sexuality. My works and practices draw their influence from the discourses that dominate the contemporary discourse on the representation of the black body. My argument looks at stereotypical forms of photographic practice and critiques the problematical construct of such representations of black male sexuality. The purpose is to expose some of the Western principles that seek to regulate and control the black body. My own practice focuses on creating works of art that form part of my cultural and historical background. Sexuality and gender are discussed in the third part of this thesis as a means to outline my own photographic practice and its influences. The third chapter investigates the masculinity of the black subject through a discussion of sexuality and gender performativity. In this chapter, gender proves to be a performative, unlike some of the essentialist assumptions made about how sexuality and gender are unchanging. A visual mechanism that seeks to critically question racist representations of black sexuality such as drag and performativity is applied in the construction of affirmative imagery of black masculinity. The final chapter of the thesis focuses on my own work as an example of imaginative forms of self-representation. The first, second and third parts of the argument serve to provide a theoretical framework in which to situate my own practice.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie tesis bespreek van die problematiese fotografiepraktyke wat deel uitmaak van die visuele diskoers waarvolgens die swart man in Suid-Afrikaanse fotografie uitgebeeld word. Die doel van die tesis is die kritiese ondersoek van die visuele diskoers in kontemporêre Suid-Afrikaanse fotografie, en die blootlegging van die inherente leemtes waarin die swart manlike subjek uitgebeeld word volgens rassestereotipes wat uit fotografie gebruike van die koloniale diskoers spruit. Die oogmerk is om my eie fotografiese praktyk te verken deur ’n kritiese vergelyking te tref met die werk van die Duitse fotograaf Gustav Theodor Fritsch (b.1834–1927); die Suid-Afrikaners Alfred Martin Duggan-Cronin (b.1874-1954), die Caneybroers (1844-1899), Steve Hilton-Barber (b.1962-2002), Pieter Hugo(b.1976-), Zanele Muholi (b.1972-) en Zwelethu Mthethwa (b.1960-), en die Britse fotograaf Rotimi Fani- Kayode (1955-1989), ’n Nigeriër van geboorte. ). My argument is gesentreer rondom die bespreking van hierdie fotograaf se werke en die visuele impak op die wyse waarop die swart onderwerp word uitgebeeld as 'n 'edel barbaar ". Die visuele voorstelling van die swart liggaam in Suid-Afrikaanse fotografie is hoofsaaklik ’n voortsetting van die soort diskoerse wat op antropologiese fotografiese uitbeeldingsmetodes berus. Ek voer aan dat, wat die uitbeelding van die swart manlike liggaam betref, ’n paar kontemporêre Suid-Afrikaanse fotograwe wat in hierdie tesis ter sprake kom, steeds onbewustelik ’n koloniale diskoers handhaaf wat die eksotiese rol van ‘edel barbaar’ met uiterste geslags- en genderkenmerke – hetsy uiters ‘vroulik’ of ‘hipermanlik’ met ’n ‘rou’ seksuele manhaftigheid (Read, 1996:64) – aan die swart man toeken. In my eie werk en fotografiepraktyke het ek van bogenoemde kunstenaars se problematiese visuele middele gebruik gemaak, nie net om dit bloot te lê nie, maar ook om ’n alternatiewe opvatting van ‘swart’ uitbeelding te skep. In die tweede hoofstuk van die tesis gebruik ek alternatiewe metodes om die swart liggaam visueel uit te beeld in ’n kritiese herbeoordeling van die werk van kontemporêre Suid- Afrikaanse kunstenaars wat die swart manlike liggaam deur hetsy ateljeefotografie of dokumentêre fotografie voorstel. Sodoende verskuif die klem na verbeeldingryke vorme van uitbeelding as alternatief vir bogenoemde twee vorme van fotografie. Daarná val die soeklig op handelinge van verbeeldingryke selfvoorstelling – ’n kontemporêre metode in fotografiese kunspraktyk wat deur Rotimi Fani-Kayode gewild gemaak is. Verbeeldingryke selfvoorstelling behels “die rituele transformasie van koloniale beelde tot ons eie skeppings” as swart kunstenaars, ten einde die oorheersende diskoerse oor die uitbeelding van die swart liggaam omver te werp (Fani-Kayode, 1997:6). Dít is bloot een van die belangrike strategieë wat die kunstenaars in hierdie tesis gebruik om op swart seksualiteit kritiek te lewer. My werk en praktyk word beïnvloed deur die oorheersende kontemporêre diskoerse oor die voorstelling van die swart liggaam. In my argument bestudeer ek stereotiepe vorme van fotografiese praktyk, en lewer ek kritiek op die problematiese konstruk van sodanige voorstellings van swart manlike seksualiteit. Sodoende word sommige van die Westerse beginsels wat die swart liggaam wil reguleer en beheer aan die lig gebring. My eie praktyk konsentreer op die produksie van kunswerke wat deel uitmaak van my kulturele en historiese agtergrond. Deel 3 van die tesis ondersoek seksualiteit en gender ten einde my eie fotografiepraktyk, én die faktore wat dit beïnvloed, te omskryf. Die derde hoofstuk ondersoek die manlikheid van die swart subjek deur ’n bespreking van seksualiteit en gender performatiwiteit. Uit hierdie hoofstuk blyk dit dat gender as performatief verskil van die essensialistiese aannames oor die onveranderlike aard van seksualiteit en gender. Visuele meganismes om rassistiese voorstellings van swart seksualiteit te bevraagteken, soos fopdossery en performatiwiteit, word toegepas in die konstruksie van bevestigende beelde van swart manlikheid. Die laaste hoofstuk van die tesis konsentreer op my eie werk as voorbeeld van verbeeldingryke vorme van selfvoorstelling. Gesamentlik dien die drie dele van die argument as teoretiese raamwerk waarin my eie praktyk geplaas kan word.
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Van, Robbroeck Lize. "Writing white on black : modernism as discursive paradigm in South African writing on modern Black art." Thesis, Link to the online version, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10019/1329.
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Bryan, Sarah M. "African Imagery and Blacks in German Expressionist Art from the Early Twentieth Century." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1353179467.
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Hellmann, Sarah. "Growing Up Hard: Understanding Through Creative Expression the Resilience, Resistance, and Images of Relationships in the Lives of Three African American Adolescent Girls." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1299179056.
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Miles, Larry L. "A proposed model for African liberation." DigitalCommons@Robert W. Woodruff Library, Atlanta University Center, 2009. http://digitalcommons.auctr.edu/dissertations/155.
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This research was designed to create a model for African liberation by examining the concept of combat literature. It investigated the speakerly texts relationships between David Walker’s Appeal (1830), W.E.B. Du Bois’ The Souls of Black Folk (1903), Kwame Ture and Charles Hamilton’s Black Power (1967), and John McWhorter’s Authentically Black (2004). The purpose of this thesis was to find the common elements within each text that lead to a model for African liberation. This study defined liberation as freedom or release from slavery, imprisonment, captivity, or any arbitrary control of African people by European/Western institutions. Liberation is also defined as control of one’s own self and national destiny versus the modem neo-colonial, economic, and political control of African nations and peoples by Western nations and corporations. The concept of combat literature developed in this study determined if the four texts defined African/black people as a collective, both continental and throughout the Diaspora. Further, combat literature served to decipher if the texts functioned as a medium by which the greater population of Africans suffering under European aggression and exploitation had the ability to communicate a desire for redress. The utilization of combat literature found that three of the texts indicted the system of oppression for its cruelty, and educated African people about the tools or instruments of Western aggression, colonialism, and oppression. The concept of combat literature also assisted in unearthing the political tract, within two of the texts, that identified the natural human rights of oppressed African people rather than the civil liberties granted to them by Western/European institutions. This study bridged one-hundred and seventy-five years of argumentation for African liberation. It codified the divergent ideologies of four major texts produced by intriguing individuals into a single model for African liberation.
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Crawford, Meredith Meagan. "Envisioning Black Childhood: Black Nationalism, Community, and Identity Construction in Black Arts Movement Children's Literature." W&M ScholarWorks, 2005. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539626475.
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Dickey, Chandra. "Bridges Not Pedestals: Purpose, Reactions, and Benefits of Three Black Liberal Arts Institutions in Atlanta, 1880s-1920s." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2016. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/scripps_theses/873.
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By the late nineteenth century, white northern missionary societies established a variety of higher education institutions with the premise of educating African Americans. In Atlanta, three of these institutions, Spelman College, Morehouse College, and Atlanta University, were heralded—by the aforementioned missionary societies and by some African Americans across the country—for their liberal arts curriculums. The often white founders believed the colleges were assimilatory institutions, hoping black students would lead their own communities, but did not believe blacks would become political or social leaders in greater society. In comparison, African American founders desired eventual control over the institutions, and wanted graduates—and the larger black community—to be treated as citizens with the same rights as whites. Additionally, African American organizations outside of the schools were concerned with securing black safety, socio-economic stability, and education. Thus, instead of being the assimilatory institutions their white founders desired, the colleges were integral to improving the social, political, and economic status of African Americans. However, unlike African Americans outside of the institutions, the schools did not operate under a specific political agenda, and the desires of the institution’s white founders and the African American community surrounding the schools often conflicted.
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Chabikwa, Rodney Tawanda Chabikwa. "Gestures from the Deathzone: Creative Practice, Embodied Ontologies, and Cosmocentric Approaches to Africana Identities." The Ohio State University, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1543531419849315.
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Santos, Renata Aparecida Felinto dos. "A construção da identidade afrodescendente por meio das artes visuais contemporâneas : estudos de produções e de poéticas /." São Paulo, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/150902.
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Orientador: Percival TirapeliBanca: Renata Bittencourt
Banca: Nelson Fernando Inocêncio
Banca: Wagner Leite Viana
Banca: José Leonardo do Nascimento
Resumo: Esta proposta de pesquisa de doutorado possui alguns pontos de investigação, sendo três deles os mais pertinentes. O primeiro é uma breve revisão da presença de artistas afrodescendentes na História da Arte do Brasil pretendendo tanto relembrar e revelar personagens quanto observar como as Artes Visuais produzidas por artistas afrodescendentes foram observadas, registradas e nomeadas ao longo dos séculos por pesquisadores, críticos e historiadores. O segundo propõe a reflexão acerca da transposição e do emprego do termo "afro-brasileiro" ou "afro-brasileira" dos Estados Unidos da América para o Brasil na área de Artes Visuais, com fins de categorização da produção de artistas afrodescendentes, que possuem ou não pesquisas temáticas, conceituais, estéticas e/ou poéticas voltadas às questões relacionadas à história do segmento afrodescendente da população. Por fim, o terceiro se presta a apresentar e a analisar as produções de artistas afrodescendentes brasileiros e estadunidenses que demonstraram interesse por elaborar obras cujas visualidades e estéticas estivessem em diálogo com as questões da diáspora africana ou mesmo, de forma simples, com suas origens africanas. A apresentação e análise dessas obras foram realizadas de forma cronológica observando-se as biografias, as formações, as temáticas e as pesquisas de interesses dos artistas selecionados, configurando, dessa forma, um corpus de artistas afrodescendentes cujo conjunto de atributos inerentes às suas obras constitui... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: This Ph.D. dissertation consists of a several points of investigations, with three main areas of inquiry being especially pertinent. The first is a brief review of the presence of Afro-descendent artists in the history of art in Brazil with the intention of both remembering and revealing people of this category. Moreover, I address how the visual arts produced by Afro-descendents were observed, registered, and documented over two decades by researchers, critics, and historians. The second inquiry proposes a reflection over the exportation and adoption of the term "afro-brazilian" from the United States of America to Brazil in the field of visual studies. The adoption of the terminology "afro-brazilian" has resulted in the categorization of work produced by Brazilians artists of afro-descent into a group based on a shared afro-descendent identity. Furthermore, "afro-brazilian" has been further used for the purposes of labeling thematic research, concepts, aesthetics and/or poetics surrounding the questions related to the history of the afro-descent population. Lastly, the third seeks to present and analyze the production of Brazilian and United States afro-descendent artists who demonstrate interest in creating works which visualize and dialogue with circumstances of the African diaspora or, simply, with their African roots. The presentation and analysis of these works were completed chronologically, with particular attention placed on observing the biographies, themes, and research interests of the selected artists. In this way, I have comprised a body of afro-descendent artists who, due to their related interests and artistic practice, construct an art genre of afro-Brazilians, afro-Americans, or even, African (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Resumen: Esta investigación doctoral propuesto tiene algunos puntos de investigación, tres de los más relevantes. La primera es una breve reseña de la presencia de artistas de ascendencia africana en la historia de Brasil Arte intención de tanto recordar y revelan personajes y ver cómo se observaron, registran y nombrados durante siglos por los investigadores, críticos e historiadores de las artes visuales producidos por artistas afro-descendientes. La segunda propone una reflexión sobre la aplicación y el uso del término "afro-brasileña" o "afro-brasileña" de Estados Unidos a Brasil en el campo de las Artes Visuales, con fines de categorización de la producción de los artistas afrodescendientes que tienen o investigación no temático, conceptual, estética y / o poética centrada en temas relacionados con la historia del segmento de ascendencia africana de la población. Por último, la tercera se presta a presentar y analizar las producciones de los brasileños y los estadounidenses de artistas afrodescendientes que han mostrado interés en los trabajos elaborados cuyos artes y la estética visual eran en diálogo con los asuntos de la diáspora africana, o incluso, simplemente, con sus orígenes africanos . La presentación y el análisis de estas obras se llevaron a cabo observando cronológicamente las biografías, la capacitación, los temas y los intereses de investigación de los artistas seleccionados,estableciendo así un corpus de artistas de ascendencia africana cuyo conjunto de atributos inherentes a sus obras constituyen de un arte africano brasileño o africano-americano, o, lo que sería más interesante y relevante desde el punto de vista de la discusión iniciada aquí, el arte o afrodiaspórica ascendencia africana (Resumen completo clicar acceso eletrônico abajo)
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Amegago, Modesto Mawulolo Kwaku. "An holistic approach to African performing arts, music and dance curriculum development and implementation." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape3/PQDD_0028/NQ51835.pdf.
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Erwin, Douglas. "Fine Arts Coursework and Student Achievement Among African-American Students in a Midwest Setting." Thesis, Lindenwood University, 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10244375.
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The researcher designed this study to investigate a possible correlation between the number of years of fine arts coursework and achievement on the American College Test (ACT). The district studied was predominantly African American; therefore, similar schools may use the results to plan strategies to reduce the achievement gap. Results included a mild positive correlation between student ACT achievement and coursework in visual arts, and a moderate correlation between ACT achievement and performing arts. The more fine arts coursework a student received, the higher his or her ACT score. The researcher conducted a z-test for difference in means to compare the ACT scores of students with two or more years of fine arts to the district population?s average ACT score. The researcher found significant statistical difference in ACT scores. Finally, the researcher conducted a z-test for difference in means to see if number of years of fine arts coursework correlated to student achievement on each of the ACT sub tests: English, Math, Reading, and Science. The researcher found students with two or more years of arts coursework scored higher on each sub test than students who only took one required year of fine arts. The researcher noted this study could be important to curricular programming and increased student achievement in the future.
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Ratcliff, Anthony J. "Liberation at the end of a pen writing Pan-African politics of cultural struggle /." Amherst, Mass. : University of Massachusetts Amherst, 2009. http://scholarworks.umass.edu/open_access_dissertations/74/.
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Mbowa, Aida N. S. "The making of the black woman : writing and performing race and gender during the Black Arts Movement /." Connect to online version, 2007. http://ada.mtholyoke.edu/setr/websrc/pdfs/www/2007/230.pdf.
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McClure, Daniel N. "A woman of action Elma Lewis, the arts, and the politics of culture in Boston, 1950-1986 /." Amherst, Mass. : University of Massachusetts Amherst, 2009. http://scholarworks.umass.edu/dissertations/AAI3359905/.
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Junior, Ademir Ribeiro. "Parafernália das mães-ancestrais: as máscaras gueledé, os edan ogboni e a construção do imaginário sobre as \"sociedades secretas\" africanas no Recôncavo Baiano." Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/71/71131/tde-22092008-150603/.
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Esta dissertação constitui-se de um estudo da cultura material de origem africana em que se investiga a produção, circulação, utilização e descarte de objetos africanos e afro-inspirados, aos quais eventualmente no Brasil agregam-se novos significados. Tratamos particularmente de duas produções características dos iorubás: as máscaras gueledé e os edan ogboni. Alguns desses objetos constam em coleções no Brasil, e seu uso em cultos religiosos afro-brasileiros do Recôncavo Baiano, no passado, é mencionado na literatura especializada. Na Nigéria e no Benim as máscaras de madeira denominadas gueledé e as estatuetas de liga de cobre edan são insígnias de duas importantes instituições tradicionais dos iorubás: a associação Gueledé e a associação Ogboni, respectivamente. Esses objetos estão associados a entidades espirituais (Iyami e Onilé) que segundo a cosmogonia desse povo são as grandes mães ancestrais da humanidade. Alguns pesquisadores se valem da presença desses artefatos no Brasil para fundamentar a hipótese da reestruturação dessas instituições iorubás no Recôncavo Baiano, no final do período colonial. Outros autores, indo além, associam a suposta \"sociedade Ogboni brasileira\" com episódios das revoltas dos malês. Tomando-se a análise do ciclo de vida desses artefatos como instrumental metodológico, verificamos, no entanto, que o aparecimento dessas peças aqui no Brasil pode ter se dado não por causa da transplantação dessas instituições tradicionais africanas, mas por questões ligadas à permanência dos aspectos mais profundos da cosmologia iorubá dentro dos próprios terreiros de candomblé, e também pela disputa por reconhecimento e poder entre os mais antigos deles, evidenciando a potencialidade que esses artefatos têm de transmissão e preservação da memória coletiva de um terreiro. Neste estudo, além do ciclo de vida das peças, levam-se em consideração aspectos morfológico e tecnológicos da produção desses artefatos, em que se incluem os espaços que lhes são associados, bem como aspectos do universo simbólico que deu sentido a essas peças e animou seu ciclo de vida.This dissertation results from a study of the material culture of African origin, in which the manufacture, circulation, use and discard of African and African-inspired objects are investigated. Two kinds of characteristic yoruba production are focused: the geledé masks and the edan ogboni statuettes. Some of these objects are found in Brazilian collections, and their use in Afro-Brazilian religious cults in Recôncavo Baiano in the past is mentioned in the experts\' writings. In Nigeria and Benin the wooden masks called geledé and the cooper alloy statuettes edan are insignia of important traditional yoruba institutions: the Geledé Association and the Ogboni Association, respectively. These objects are associated to spiritual entities (Iyami and Onile) who, according to the cosmology of this people, are the great ancestor mothers of the humankind. Some researchers allege the presence of these artefacts in Brazil in order to prove the hypothesis of reestructuring of those yoruba institutions in Recôncavo Baiano at the end of the colonial period. Other authors go even further, associating this supposed Brazilian Ogboni Association to the Malê rebellion (1809). Using the analisys of the life cycle of those artefacts as a methodological tool, we found that the apparition of those objects here in Brazil may be due not to the transplantation of those traditional African institutions, but to issues linked to the permanence of the most profound aspects of yoruba cosmology inside the own terreiros de candomblé, and also to the dispute for recognizement and power among the oldest of them, so showing the potential these artefacts have to transmit and preserve the collective memory of a terreiro. In this study, in addition to the life cycle of those pieces, morphological and technological aspects of their production are considered, including also the spaces which are associated to them, as well as aspects of the symbolic universe which provide meaning to these objects and animated their life cycles.
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Rankin, Carin. "Development by design - an example in the South African craft industry the Due-South travel guide /." Pretoria : [s.n.], 2007. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-10082008-094907.
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