Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Arts graphiques – 1970-'
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Boutin, Vincent. "Les pochettes de disques de rock, de l'ère psychédélique à nos jours : (1966-2005)." Poitiers, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006POIT5034.
Full textRock'n'roll album cover, as a product of the cultural industry, is subjected to the requirements of profitability and depends on the codes of the social groups for which it is intended. Created by artists with various skills, this medium has showed since the Sixties a real strength and an inventiveness. Evoking in filigree the still ignored activity of the artists (graphic designers, illustrators) who are the authors of these covers, this research is focused at first on the ambiguous status of the rock'n'roll album cover, a mass-producted object, and paints a picture of this singular discipline of graphic creation. The second part explains the connection between multiple references to official and popular arts and the subversive range of a protesting form of expression. Lastly, the third part is interested in the close links between image and music : as a synesthesic art, the rock'n'roll album cover sometimes attempts to achieve a graphic transcription of the music. It aims at suggesting a personal universe, strongly contributing to structure a visual identity closely related to the performances during the shows
Buquet, Benoît. "Art & design graphique des années 1950-1970 : contribution fragmentaire à une histoire visuelle partagée." Paris 10, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA100196.
Full textThis dissertation discusses the interaction between two different disciplinary fields – art and graphic design – and seeks to understand how a divided history occured. It focuses on France, Italy, Poland and United States, especially on the years 1950-1970. The first part examines the artistic practice of décollage, principally trough the examples of Raymond Hains and Mimmo Rotella, then explores Optical and typographical liquidity. Chapter two focuses on the links between France and Poland. Paying close attention to the polish context and the rise of a singular affichisme, centred around Henryk Tomaszewski, then we emphasize the carreer of Roman Cieslewicz who moves to France in 1963. He takes an important part in cultural french live and at the same time he is involved in « anti-movement » Panique. The last chapter focuses on United States trough three examples : the links between Fluxus and the graphic design of George Maciunas, the stimulating and insidious work of Ed Ruscha and an attention to feminist graphic design in Los Angeles
Grassias-Pujo, Françoise. "L'image artistique et les techniques nouvelles." Paris 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA010563.
Full textThis research is the study of artistic pictures executed with computer and holography, in France, since the sixteenth. Firstly we classify these pictures by their technics, showing three axes: an linear aesthetics and a fascination for the numbers (plotter), the painting simulation(electronic paint boxes) , the emergency of a new simulated realism (three dimensional systems), the search of double (holography), and a picture network( communication technics). Then, after a study of theorical texts about a few fundamental notions : movement, support, music, photography history, diffusion, we show three tendancies : the neoconstructivists program; their abstracts, geometrical fixed research are an experimental and precise art; the pictorialists make some two or three-dimensionnal, digital or holographic, fixed or animated pictures. The painting is their reference. For the interactifs, network notion is the most important. The combinatory notion is also existing in artistic research in the eighteenth (figuration libre, peinture savante). After the study of their sources and their situation in contemporary art, is emerging the picture-memory notion. To be artistic, these pictures have to show the stakes of the new technological memory
Molon, Myriam. "Jean-Michel Basquiat : l'intronisation de la figure noire dans l'espace pictural américain." Paris 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA010559.
Full textOur study is examining the hapax of the crowing of the black figure in the american pictorial scene. Jean-Michel Basquiat puts an end to the marginalization of the black in the fine arts and legitimates his pictorial re-presentation. We start with an essay of an iconographic typology that establishes the omnipresent motif of the black figure in basquiat's art. We then distinguish how the latter elaborates the subject of the work through academic genres of portrait and self-portrait and historic and moral painting. Basquiat's body of work articulates an artistic criticism of the eurocentric context that has therefore initiated the black's exclusion and stereotype and he claims relativism. Basquiat's design is to go against the academic models and thus be subversive. He masters the iconographical corpus of which we give the main iconological characteristics. Those components dictate the choice of the "trait figural". This technique aims to eradicate the relation to the skin which has long determined the representation of the black. Basquiat treats at the same time the manipulation and the detour around the artistic anatomy in order to expose the matrix which defines the new figurative model of the black. We further study the stylistic specifications of the black figure's picture. The morphological analysis shows the eclectic references. They split between low and high sources. Basquiat selects the cannibalization of signs, styles and genres that convey a new order for reading the picture. This hybrid form induces multi-culturalism and the mixing that determines the man of the third millennium. This existential mediation roots basquiat's theme squarely within a socio-cultural anthropological tradition and make his art meeting with life
Sévigny-Vallières, Pascale. "Les représentations graphiques des problèmes de santé mentale : une démarche de recherche-création." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/30203.
Full textSmet, Catherine de. "Le livre comme synthèse des arts : édition et design graphique chez Le Corbusier, 1945-1965." Paris, EHESS, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002EHES0094.
Full textThe thirty-five books published by Le Corbusier between 1912 and 1960 were each conceived as autonomous projects : he himself saw to their design and closely supervised all stages of the publication process. The analysis of this singular activity at the junction of architecture, art, and communication uncovers a little known aspect of a career that evolved through the twentieth century, and the architect’s contribution to a history he is rarely associated with, the history of publishing. In concentrating on the books published after 1945, in which an autobiographical posture prevails, this study aims to bring to light the issues linked to the visual rhetoric of layout as well as the essential role of books in the dynamics of Le Corbusier’s work as a whole. In particular, it seeks to show how the architect exploited graphic design techniques to present the unity of his production, and thereby to accomplish, within the printed medium, his difficult project of a synthesis of the arts
Daniel, Hugo. "Les Voies du dessin : statut et redéfinitions du dessin dans les avant-gardes occidentales des années 1950-1960." Thesis, Paris 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA010547.
Full textDrawing is hardly studied in works of art history focusing on the 1950s and 1960s. This fact is all the more surprising that many artists, such as Rauschenberg, Hesse, Tinguely, Twombly, Michaux or Lebel, but also critics, gallerists and curators took notice of the medium at that time.Drawing must be defined according to its operations and analyzed in its relationshipwith other media. It is approached as a practice. This project is based on a material, culturaland social understanding of art history, it relies on the study of drawings, but also on archive documents and interviews with major figures of the period. From the working process of artists, to the changing discourses of critics and therenewed interest of curators and gallerists, drawing is redefined as a complex object. It allows artists to deal with the flow of images that characterizes the 1950s and 1960s. It also takes on an experimental quality because of its association to the thought process. Psychiatrists andartists have used the practice of drawing to better understand the mind. Whether it is used as an origin of art or as a marginal space implying specific experiences, drawing in the 1950sand 1960s is multi-faceted and is studied as such
Schütz, Marine. "Entre les lignes : dessin, illustration et pratiques graphiques dans le Pop art (1950-1975)." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AIXM3104.
Full textBy 1962 with the beginning of Pop art, the iconography of illustration and advertising points the development of an art founded on graphics. Interestingly, the relations between Pop art and drawing allow to follow how the handmade practices reassess the artists’ positions towards mass culture and deal with material issues (such as manual involvement) and the meaning of iconography (counter-culture, return of the figure). Starting from the point that artistic pop economy of art owes its back and forth mouvement between manual and mechanical options to its protagonists’ artistic education, this dissertation opens with the study of drawing’s emergence in a pedagogical context. The study of the relations between drawing and mass culture wouldn’t be fully led without assessing the answer of the artists who involve in the claim for a bigger audience (with a class strategy, an iconography full of mass products and the possibilities of prints). Moreover, not only the graphic works stem from the hand, but pop drawing overwhelms the solely issue of creation processes to exist in an autonomous corpus of works, which doesn’t fall into the finalist schema. This presence points how critical may be the body, through drawing, as an image and as an action. Similary to Claes Oldenburg and David Hockney who oppose a manual tension to the social mechanized expressions – and there lay the double sense of the very notion of involvement which is to be understood in Pop art in the same time on a physical and a political level – the reinvolvement of the body by way of portrait or nude shows its solidarity with the fights in the wake of the sixties, fight for sexual liberation, or women rights
Vahidé-Rakhshani, Nasser. "L'art graphique et luttes sociales en Iran aujourd'hui : (de 1979 à nos jours)." Paris 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA010512.
Full textFor the actual political power, the artistic creation,s notably the graphic arts, is considered among other moens, "as one of the more privilaged means of social transformation" this "transformation" will be possible provided that the regime (as well as the political organization of the opposition) impose a system of "directed propaganda" in order to influence the public opinion. But in the politico cultural space, wich is agitated by the social conflicts, "the political imagery is not merely a groupe of political images, not even a certain look on the image of the politics but a real system of communication". The main object of the continueus instrumantalization of the arts (graphic art) in iran (from 1979 up today) is to make it participate in the "construction" of a "new" public opinion in a mythological and mystical sphere, where the myths manifest themselves in a "codified", allegorical" and "deceptive" appearance, and all this through signs and symboles
Baby, Vincent. "Le système Molnar : (1946-1976)." Paris 4, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA040247.
Full textVera Molnar was born in Budapest (Hungary) in 1924. She pursued studies at the Budapest Fine Arts School, where she obtained her diploma in 1947 as an Art History and Aesthetics Professor. During the same year, she migrated to France, along with François Molnar, who would later become her partner in life as well as in creation. They both sttled down in Paris and made it home. Our study seeks to explore Vera Molnar's works in the first years of her creation, during wich time none of them had been sold or put on exhibition. It is during this period that the artist developped modalities of a type of experimental and radical plastic research belonging to the so-called realm of "constructed Art", which can be described even more precisely as "systematic geometrical abstraction" Our investigation consisted in disclosing a large cross-section of Vera Molnar's works during this thirty-year period, in cataloging them, in establishing a hierarchy among them based on chronological divisions ans coherent formal choices, and thereafter in analyzing the modalities of the systems' functioning worked out by the artist. We established a typology responding to three main constructive axes : the universal laws of composition and mathematical laws, the invention and use of the "imaginary machine", the use of tje computer , as early as 1968. Finally, by introducing these works "backward", so to say, in art history, we carried out a theoritical work of re-contextualization aimed at evaluating and situating Vera Molnar' research within the context of artistic movements known as "conceptual" or "minimalist"
Bazin, Jérôme. "Réalisme et égalité : contribution à une histoire sociale de la peinture et des arts graphiques en République démocratique allemande (1949-1990)." Amiens, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AMIE0009.
Full textAyrault, Patricia. "L'affiche en Espagne de 1915 à 193O : a la recherche de l'Art-Déco." Paris 3, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA030047.
Full textThrough the study of 441 posters published in spain from 1915 to 1930, my purpose has been to analyse the rhetoric of spanish poster art as well as to determine the place and importance of spanish art-deco posters in world of posters. Posters have been classified into three categories : - traditional posters with bullfighting and religious themes from saragossa, seville and malaga. - regional posters, from basque country and from galice. - modern posters, from valencia, barcelona and madrid. My dissertation consists of two main units: a synthesis in the first three parts and an analysis in the other four parts. The main lines for each of them are as follows : - part one examines the economic, sociological and political environment of the period under study. - part two provides a definition of posters and part three identifies the concept of art-deco. - part four, five and six examine the traditional, regional and modern day posters in succession. - part seven analyses the style of all the categories mentioned from a dimensional, chromatic and typographic aspect
Sun, Wei-Shiuan. "L'art des graphimages chinois modernes et contemporains : approches de l'interculturalité et de l'intercompréhension." Paris 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA010623.
Full textMaizonnier-Payelle, Élisabeth. "Germaine Tortel, une anthropologue à l'école primaire ? : une voie de communication graphique pour l'enfant." Rouen, 2015. https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01281863.
Full textThe teaching and educational work of Germaine Tortel (1896-1975), Inspector of Primary and Elementary Schools, is a picture of her time: archived child’s drawings and talkings give to see a conception of childhood dated from the post 1945 war period in connection with the school programs and the cultural environment of that time. Student’s works produced under her aegis reflect their daily lives, their daily landscape. But beyond this historic lighting, would there not be a new perspective on education? Would Germaine Tortel be an anthropologist of graphic art and of childhood in primary school? Nowadays, the observation of the child, the implementation of a children’s exposure in schools and local cultural context and classes workshops offer the opportunity to validate the working hypotheses that had issued the pedagogue on terms of appropriation of space-time benchmarks by the graphic narration or figurative story. The knowledge of writing and reading would directly be related to this conceptualization performed most often in elementary school by the graphic media chosen by the student as interlocution mode; it is not otherwise limited to the drawing but encompasses the trace in graphics and thus opens the path for a multi-modal communication always exploring the configuration of multiple identities
Meier, Alexis. "Destins de traces : pensée et formes de l'architecture « conceptuelle » chez Peter Eisenman." Paris 8, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA083641.
Full textOur research attempts to reveal and question the theoretical and projectual mechanisms, which articulates thought and forms in one of the "contemporary" of architecture: the "conceptual" architecture of Peter Eisenman. We examine how Eisenman supports a critical reading of architecture works, which differs from the traditional approaches based on the type, the style and the function of a building. Through the study of projects resulting from structural linguistics, formalism (literature and artistic) and deconstruction critics, we analyze how Peter Eisenman develops "formal" syntaxes, which make it possible to organize the space in a more abstract way and produce more fundamental environment. More broadly, the objective of this study is to try to distinguish the stakes, difficulties and limits resulting from the comparison of contemporary philosophy in the field of the architectural design, and to measure its real impact in the field of the construction of architecture apparatus. These issues raise the question of the constitution of the actual architectural "form", its "structure", its "genealogy", its Discourse and its legitimacy at the expressive and conceptual level. Our study also aims at contributing to a broader theoretical field, that of the relations that link within any architectural work, forms, concept and representation. The text is composed of three parts, dealing with the anti-functionalism and the anti-humanism of Eisenman, the concept and the uses of the "diagram", and finally the examination of the possible ethical dimension, even political, of his experimental work
Nogacki, Edmond. "René Char : de l'écriture à la peinture. Illustrations, enluminures, poèmes-objets." Lille 3, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1988LIL30007.
Full textThe great number -nearly four hundred- of rene char's poetical works, illustrated, illuminated or set into atistic objects -decorated woods or engraved and painted stones- allows us to determine from the precise case of char's artistic produc- tions the parameters involved in the translation of a textual work into a plas- tic work that articulates thanks to space and visual signals messages that can be analysed and are related to the genotext of a poem. Rene char thus enlarges the poetical function to other arts such as painting, sculpture, cinema, theatre and choregraphy, with or without the help of artists whom he calls his substan- tial allies. Our study of scriptural-and-plastic texts will rely on a comparative analysis of the genesis of the writing, thanks to the variations, confidences, exchange of letters, internal criticisms -either structural, semantic or thema- tic- and the stages of the pictorial achievement associated to it : the prepara- tory working, the morphological, iconographical and iconological analysis of the various alternatives. . . The confrontation, both diachronic and synchronic, of the graphic translations brought at different times by some forty painters, with styles and tempers of their own, will define rene char's aesthetical and poetical choices and refusals. Finally, char is progressively brought to the plastic crea- tion in three successive stages. . . . .
Delleaux, Océane. "Les multiples et les " autres " multiples depuis le milieu des années 1980 : enjeux et mutations." Rennes 2, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006REN20015.
Full textThe thesis deals with the second generation of the multiple and " other " multiples (prints, recordings, artists' books, etc. ) from the middle of the 1980's in the west. It approaches this contemporary artists' editions from three angles : the medium, the distribution and the production. Taking into account the report of failure of the research in the attempts their democratization by the art actors in the 1960-1970's, it aims at showing the new organization modalities of the conception of original artworks on the industrial scale and notifies the new vulgarization modes of the multiple and " other " multiples
Bonhomme, Max. "Propagande graphique : le photomontage dans la culture visuelle de la gauche française (1925-1939)." Thesis, Paris 10, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020PA100089.
Full textThis study examines the place of photomontage in French graphic design between the two world wars, particularly in the illustrated press, posters and political propaganda. Based on the combination of photographic elements to create composite images, generally reproduced by photomechanical printing, photomontage was promoted by avant-garde graphic designers but also by editors of large-circulation magazines. From the 1920s onwards, it became a characteristic element of modern visual culture, until it was widely used in the pavilions of the 1937 Exposition internationale in Paris. While the developments of photomontage in the USSR and Germany are well known, France was often considered to be reluctant to this technique, favouring instead a measured modernism and drawn illustrations. By analysing the role of communist cultural networks in the development of political photomontage, we identify phenomena of cultural transfer closely related to militant sociability. The study of the printed production of left-wing organisations makes it possible to clarify the functions attributed to the image as a means of political influence. On the iconographic level, photomontages are characterised by rhetorical processes which guide the reading of the photographic document. On the level of montage, they allow for a conjunction of heterogeneous temporalities in a single image. By paying attention to the conditions of production, to the networks of actors and to the discourses of legitimation, this essay in political iconology remains as close as possible to the materiality of images
Guégan, Victor. "Jan Tschichold et les nouveaux typographes en Allemagne et en Suisse. Explications de textes (1925-1972)." Thesis, Paris 4, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA040076.
Full textJan Tschichold (1902-1974), typographer and theorist of typography, is famous for the break that divides its work into two apparently irreconcilable corpora in the traditional categories of art history: modernism and traditionalism. In the 1920s, he is in Germany, one of the “New Typography” advocates, avant-garde design discipline particularly influenced by the Bauhaus. After immigrating to Switzerland (after the Nazis came to power), he became from the late 1930s, a scholar of the history of printing, replacing the traditional form of the book at the center of its concerns. How to explain this failure? We propose to answer this question by offsetting our view of Tschichold design work to focus on practices of reading and writing. This allows considering its work like a professional forced to adapt a craft to mechanization and automation, stepping out with the legend of the avant-gardist artist who is propagated by many books on the history of graphic design. By superimposing on the conceptual tools of art history, the analysis grids of the historians of book and printing, of the industrial revolution or the tolls of sociologists, we try to bring new elements of understanding, not only for Tschicholds career, but also the “artistic” movement of the New Typography. More generally, our work questions the notions of “typography” and "typographer" and the relationship between typography, graphic and advertising design, painting, photography and architecture in the twentieth century
Pelard, Emmanuelle. "La poésie graphique : Christian Dotremont, Roland Giguère, Henri Michaux et Jérôme Peignot." Thesis, Paris 4, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA040262.
Full textThe purpose of this thesis is to define a type of modern visual poetry (20th – 21st), that we called graphic poetry. The graphic poetry focuses on a plastic and visual experimentation of the graphic sign, demonstrates an important conscience of the visual potential of the written form and tries to produce poetry in the materiality of the writing shapes. The graphic poetry refers to a practice of poem which is specifically graphic and includes a painting of the sign as a typographic work of the letter in order to produce the poem. This artistic practice of poetry follows and also renews the poetic and plastic avant-gardes of the 20th century, more particularly surrealism. Christian Dotremont’s logograms, Roland Giguère’s artists’ books (Editions Erta) and prints-poems, Henri Michaux’s anthologies of invented painted signs and Jérôme Peignot’s typoems are some forms of graphic poetry. Our study focuses on francophone works, which come from Belgian, French and Quebec fields, published between 1950 and 2004. Three characteristics mainly define the graphic poetry : the ambiguity and the nomadism of the sign in relation to the semiotic systems (graphic, iconic and plastic), graphics rhythm and lyricism, as modalities of the expression of the subject in the graphic material, and a questioning of the distinction between autographic arts and allographic arts, requiring new ways of perception and reading of the poem and the book, that we called visual-reading and touch-reading
Plehwe, Livia. "G-Material zur elementaren Gestaltung (1923-1926) : une revue au croisement des avant-gardes artistiques et architecturales sous la République de Weimar." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SORUL187.
Full textThis study focuses on the magazine G : Material zur elementaren Gestaltung, published by Hans Richter in Berlin between 1923 and 1926. Standing at the crossroads of Dada, De Stijl, Bauhaus and russian constructivism, G brought together an eclectic group of avant-garde artists, architects and filmmakers (among which Theo van Doesburg, Mies van der Rohe, El Lissitzky, Ludwig Hilberseimer, Kurt Schwitters, Hans Arp, Werner Gräff and Viking Eggeling). After the analysis of the concrete aspects of its publication (edition and distribution), of its format and graphic design, and after the reconstruction of the different steps of its foundation around the specific constellation formed around the “Group G”, we examine G’s connection to the international network of avant-garde magazines, by showing its turntable role between the avant-gardes of Western and Central-Eastern Europe and Russia. We then analyse its specific aesthetic project, based on the “elemental configuration” [elementare Gestaltung] of various materials (articles, photographs, artistic and architectural objects, technical objects, fashion and leisure objects), according to the principle of the economy of means. Finally, we resituate G’s artistic and intellectual project within the contemporary political dimension, by showing that its engagement consisted in its internationalist orientation and collective organisation, in the emancipatory potential assigned to new media (one main objective was to exploit all the possibilities of film medium in order to transform human perception) and in its desire to radically reconfigure the material and cultural environment of human being