Relevant bibliographies by topics / ARV treatment programme

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'ARV treatment programme'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 11 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "ARV treatment programme"

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Hofmeyr, Graham P., Tom Georgiou, and Carol W. Baker. "The Keiskamma AIDS Treatment programme: Evaluation of a community-based antiretroviral programme in a rural setting." Southern African Journal of HIV Medicine 10, no. 1 (2009): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajhivmed.v10i1.1000.

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This paper documents the outcomes of the first 174 patients enrolled in a recently established community-based antiretroviral (ARV) treatment programme. Many people are living with HIV/AIDS and are in need of ARVs. Access to ARVs can pose many logistical difficulties for poor and sick persons, particularly in rural areas. This communitybased treatment programme aimed to overcome these challenges, providing transport and nursing care, as well as actively seeking persons too sick to leave their homes. This led to the inclusion of many persons with advanced HIV in the treatment population. The st
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Devi, S. Bhagyabati, T. Jeetenkumar Singh, Kshetrimayum Birendra Singh, N. Biplab Singh, Robinson Ningshen, and Thiyam Brojendro Singh. "Survival analysis of people living with human immunodeficiency virus: a study in a teaching hospital." International Journal of Advances in Medicine 7, no. 9 (2020): 1339. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20203596.

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Background: Antiretroviral therapy (ART) have changed the outlook of people living with HIV (PLHIV) by transforming the dreaded infection to a chronically manageable disease. However, there is scant of reports which analyses quantitatively the survival benefit of PLHIV under ART. Objectives of this study were to determine the survival time of adult PLHIV who are on ARV. To analyse the factors determining survival outcome of PLHIV on ARV.Methods: This was an observational study in centre of excellence (COE) ART Centre, RIMS, Imphal from April 2004 to December 2009. Details from the data entered
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Idigbe, E. Oni, Oluwole Odutolu, Prosper Okonkwo, et al. "Evaluation of the Nigerian national antiretroviral (ARV) treatment training programme." SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS 3, no. 3 (2006): 488–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17290376.2006.9724876.

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Vawda, Yousuf A., and Farhana Variawa. "Challenges confronting health care workers in government's ARV rollout: rights and responsibilities." Potchefstroom Electronic Law Journal/Potchefstroomse Elektroniese Regsblad 15, no. 2 (2017): 486. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/1727-3781/2012/v15i2a2497.

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South Africa is renowned for having a progressive Constitution with strong protection of human rights, including protection for persons using the public health system. While significant recent discourse and jurisprudence have focused on the rights of patients, the situation and rights of providers of health care services have not been adequately ventilated. This paper attempts to foreground the position of the human resources personnel located at the centre of the roll-out of the government's ambitious programme of anti-retroviral (ARV) therapy. The HIV/AIDS epidemic represents a major public
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Bussmann, Hermann, Vladimir Novitsky, William Wester, et al. "HIV-1 Subtype C Drug-Resistance Background among ARV-Naive Adults in Botswana." Antiviral Chemistry and Chemotherapy 16, no. 2 (2005): 103–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/095632020501600203.

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Current HIV-1 antiretroviral (ARV) drug resistance knowledge is limited to HIV-1 subtype B (HIV-1B). We addressed whether unique genetic and phenotypic properties of HIV-1 subtype C (HIV-1C), southern Africa's most prevalent subtype, may foment earlier and/or distinct resistance mutations. Population-level HIV-1C genotypes were evaluated with respect to drug resistance prevalence before Botswana's public ARV treatment programme began. Viruses were genotyped from 11 representative districts of northern and southern Botswana, and consensus sequences from these 71 individuals and 51 previously re
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Makombe, Simon D., Anthony D. Harries, Joseph Kwong-Leung Yu, et al. "Outcomes of patients with Kaposi's sarcoma who start antiretroviral therapy under routine programme conditions in Malawi." Tropical Doctor 38, no. 1 (2008): 5–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/td.2007.060023.

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AIDS-associated Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) is the most common AIDS-related malignancy in sub-Saharan Africa, with a generally unfavourable prognosis. We report on six-month and 12-month cohort treatment outcomes of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive KS patients and HIV-positive non-KS patients treated with antiretroviral therapy (ART) in public sector facilities in Malawi. Data were collected from standardized antiretroviral (ARV) patient master cards and ARV patient registers. Between July and September 2005, 7905 patients started ART-488 (6%) with a diagnosis of KS and 7417 with a non-KS
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A, Coutsoudis, A. Goga, C. Desmond, P. Barron, V. Black, and H. Coovadia. "Is Option B+ the best choice?" Southern African Journal of HIV Medicine 14, no. 1 (2013): 8–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajhivmed.v14i1.94.

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This article is reprinted from The Lancet, with permission from Elsevier: Coutsodis A, Goga A, Desmond C, Barron P, Black V, Coovadia H. Is Option B+ the best choice? Lancet 2013;381(9863):269-271. [http://dx/doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61807-8]
 
 The success of prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) programmes (Options A and B) in middle-income countries, together with clinical trial data on antiretroviral (ARV) treatment as prophylaxis, has emboldened UN agencies to aggressively promote lifelong ARVs for PMTCT (Option B+). Unsubstantiated claims submit that Option B+
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Kelly-Hanku, Angela, Claire Elizabeth Nightingale, Minh Duc Pham, et al. "Loss to follow up of pregnant women with HIV and infant HIV outcomes in the prevention of maternal to child transmission of HIV programme in two high-burden provinces in Papua New Guinea: a retrospective clinical audit." BMJ Open 10, no. 12 (2020): e038311. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-038311.

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IntroductionDespite early adoption of the WHO guidelines to deliver lifelong antiretroviral (ARV) regimen to pregnant women on HIV diagnosis, the HIV prevention of mother to child transmission programme in Papua New Guinea remains suboptimal. An unacceptable number of babies are infected with HIV and mothers not retained in treatment. This study aimed to describe the characteristics of this programme and to investigate the factors associated with programme performance outcomes.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective analysis of clinical records of HIV-positive pregnant women at two hospitals provi
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Aliyu, Ahmad, Babatunde Adelekan, Nifarta Andrew, et al. "PO 8171 PREDICTORS OF LOSS TO FOLLOW-UP IN ART-COMMENCED PATIENTS IN NIGERIA: A 13-YEAR REVIEW (2004–2017)." BMJ Global Health 4, Suppl 3 (2019): A20.3—A21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2019-edc.51.

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BackgroundExpanded access to antiretroviral therapy (ART) has improved HIV outcomes in Nigeria. However, increasing rates of patients lost to follow-up (LTFU) is threatening the achievement of the UNAIDS treatment targets to treat 90% of HIV-diagnosed patients and attain 90% viral suppression amongst those on treatment. Therefore, this retrospective cross-sectional study is aimed at identifying correlates and predictors of loss to follow-up in ART-commenced patients in a large HIV programme in Nigeria.MethodsRecords of all patients who started ART from 2004 to 2017 of 432 PEPFAR-supported faci
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Denis, Philippe. "New Patterns of Disclosure: How HIV-Positive Support Group Members from KwaZulu-Natal Speak of their Status in Oral Narratives." Medical History 58, no. 2 (2014): 278–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/mdh.2014.23.

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AbstractThis paper examines the representations and emotions associated with disclosure and stigma in Pietermaritzburg, KwaZulu-Natal, seven years after the start of the South African government’s ARV roll-out programme on the basis of in-depth oral history interviews of HIV-positive support group members. It argues that the wider availability of ARV treatment, the ensuing reduced fatality rate and the increased number of people, including men, who receive counselling and testing, may mean that HIV/AIDS is less stigmatised and that disclosure has become easier. This does not mean that stigma h
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "ARV treatment programme"

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Grobbelaar, Cornelis Johannes. "Exploring programme design, evaluation of programme performance and describing the clinical outcomes of a public sector based ARV treatment programme in a semi-rural area in the Western Cape over the past 6 years (2004-2010)." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/97243.

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Background: A national roll-out of antiretroviral therapy in the public sector was started in 2004, and Paarl was one of the first sites to start these services in the Western Cape. Operational research is required to guide the continuous improvement of such services. This research aimed to describe the characteristics of the treatment cohort started at TC Newman CDC’s ARV clinic in Paarl, to determine the retention in treatment rate and to assess the clinical and virological outcomes. Methods: A retrospective descriptive and observational study was done at the TC Newman ARV clinic in Paarl.
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Grobbelaar, Cornelis Johannes (Nelis). "Exploring programme design, evaluation of programme performance and describing the clinical outcomes of a public sector based ARV treatment programme in a semi-rural area in the Western Cape over the past 6 years. (2004-2010)." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/80460.

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Thesis (MFamMed)--Stellenbosch University, 2012.<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Background: A national roll-out of antiretroviral therapy in the public sector was started in 2004, and Paarl was one of the first sites to start these services in the Western Cape. Operational research is required to guide the continuous improvement of such services. This research aimed to describe the characteristics of the treatment cohort started at TC Newman CDC’s ARV clinic in Paarl, to determine the retention in treatment rate and to assess the clinical and virological outcomes. Methods: A retrospective descriptive
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Folefoc, Asongna Theresia. "Treatment outcome of HIV-1 infected children on antiretroviral therapy in the Limpopo Province of South Africa." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/4006.

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Magister Public Health - MPH<br>Background:HIV is a worldwide pandemic with an estimated 2.5 million children under the age of 15 living with HIV in the world in 2009. Children account for approximately 14% of all HIV-related deaths around the world. Several studies have shown that the use of antiretroviral drugs greatly improve the lives of HIV-1 infected individuals, however, most of these studies report on outcomes of ART programmes in developed world and for adult patients. Very few settings have published outcomes of paediatric ART programmes.Objectives This research was aimed at describ
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Pólvora, Pedro Daniel dos Santos. "Are the credit guarantee schemes effective in Portugal? Evidence from PME investe programme." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/19962.

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Mestrado em Economia<br>Esta dissertação estuda os principais efeitos do sistema de crédito garantido (PME Investe) adotado em Portugal para as micro, pequenas e médias empresas (PMEs). O presente estudo baseia-se em três bases de dados, com informação individual para todas as empresas e bancos em Portugal, avaliado o impacto do programa sobre o mercado de crédito e a performance económica das empresas participantes. Ao combinar uma abordagem de "matching" com o estimador diferença em diferenças, os resultados demonstram que o programa ajudou as empresas participantes a melhorar o acesso ao me
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Crews, Katie Eleanor. "Expectations and experiences of prisoners who are engaged in the Dangerous and Severe Personality Disorder treatment programme at HMP Whitemoor." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2006. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/170/.

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The aims of this research were to gain a better understanding of dangerous and severe personality disorder (DSPD) from the prisoners' perspective, to explore the expectations and experiences of those engaged in a treatment programme, and to gain an insight into how such individuals perceive their difficulties and the term DSPD. A group of prisoners who met the criteria for DSPD treatment, and who were enrolled at different stages on the Dangerous and Severe Personality Disorder (DSPD) Programme at Her Majesty's Prison (HMP) Whitemoor, were invited to discuss their expectations and experiences
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Benton, L. M. "Childbearing in a time of ART : birth rates, childbearing desires and family planning in a rural HIV treatment and care programme in South Africa." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2015. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1469946/.

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Mixed methods investigate the association between HIV, ART and fertility following scale-up of HIV treatment and care in South Africa. Two longitudinal analyses of surveillance data from the Africa Centre for Health and Population Studies compare factors associated with live birth by HIV and ART exposure. Semi-structured interviews with women enrolled on ART and healthcare providers explore perceptions of childbearing and contraceptive use. A quantitative study reports on one open cohort analysis and a subsequent closed cohort. Crude Birth Rates declined since 2005 and an open cohort analysis
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Kimball, Bree A. "Getting sober while incarcerated: An exploratory analysis of correctional substance abuse treatment programs." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2007. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc5156/.

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Substance abuse is an expensive problem facing the American public and the criminal justice field. Using secondary data analysis this study examined 1,921 participants across five substance abuse programs within California and New York jail systems. Specifically this study explored the impact of location, demographic characteristics, offense committed, and previous drug treatment on successful completion of the treatment program. Descriptive analyses were used to examine the demographic characteristics of the sample and the types of drugs used by participants in the thirty days prior to jail a
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Harrison, Robert S. (Robert Seidel). "A Comparison of the Relative Effectiveness of Mainstream Versus Pullout Treatment Programs in Addressing the Needs of At-Risk Students." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1993. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc279002/.

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The purpose of the study was to compare the relative benefits of treating at-risk students, those considered to be potential dropouts, by separating them into special classes at a separate facility—a pullout program—versus having them remain in regular classes with periodic supplemental counseling based upon individual needs—a mainstream program. To carry out the purpose of the study, students enrolled in the two types of treatment programs were compared in respect to retention in school, attendance, academic achievement based upon pretest and posttest scores, report card grades, and attitude
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Nicolette, Myrna K. (Myrna Kay). "Anger Reduction in Closed Head Injured Individuals with Group Social Skills Training." Thesis, North Texas State University, 1990. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc331164/.

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In the present study, an anger management treatment program was compared to a pseudo-social skills training program (self-help group) and waiting list control group to determine its effectiveness in reducing irritable/angry behavior in head injured subjects. Subjects consisted of 28 adults with previous head injury trauma who had difficulty with excessive irritability and anger. Subjects averaged 35.4 years of age and had an average of 8.9 years post head injury. Treatment consisted of 10 group sessions over a five week period. Anger management training was designed to teach subjects self mana
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Davis, Beth 1948. "A Theoretical Framework of Organizational Pluralism: an Analysis of the Organizational Dimensions of Substance Abuse Programs in Selected Private Sectarian Institutions of Higher Education in Texas." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1993. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc278237/.

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The researcher examined a relatively unexplored and limited territory dealing with higher education organizational pluralism pertaining to particalized substance abuse programs in private sectarian institutions of higher learning with student populations of under five thousand. The conceptual framework, which was a recapitulation of Lee G. Bolman and Terrence E. Deal's (1984) "multifaceted lens," applied to the human resource framework, the structural framework, the symbolic/cultural framework and the political framework in the administration of these selected substance abuse programs. The fra
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Books on the topic "ARV treatment programme"

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Rogers, Barb. 12 steps that can save your life: Real-life stories from people who are walking the walk. Red Wheel/Weiser, 2009.

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Affairs, Illinois Dept of Veterans'. Illinois Warrior Assistance Program: You are not alone. Dept. of Veterans' Affairs, 2011.

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Gavin, Norma I. Are Medicaid children receiving adequate levels of preventive care? SysteMetrics, 1994.

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Dregalkina, Anna, Irina Kostina, Margarita Shimova, and Olga Schneider. INFLAMMATORY DISEASES OF MAXILLOFACIAL AREA. CURRENT FEATURES OF CLINICAL COURSE, PRINCIPLES OF DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT. TIRAZH Publishing House, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18481/978-5-89895-940-1.

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The manual was prepared for dentists, surgeons and maxillofacial surgeons during additional professional training in the advanced training program "Selected Issues of Surgical Dentistry and Maxillofacial Surgery" in a remote form. The manual provides up-to-date information on the prevalence, features of the clinical course, diagnosis, principles of treatment of odontogenic inflammatory diseases that are most often encountered in the practice of a dentist surgeon and maxillofacial surgeon. The manual is illustrated, contains tasks in a test form, situational tasks for self-testing by students o
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Walker, Linda. A Pilot study to investigate the use of 24 hour postural manage[m]ent programmes for children withcerebral palsy who are living in the community the treatment of plantar fasciitis. Nene College, 1995.

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Florida. Office of Program Policy Analysis and Government Accountability. OPPAGA information brief: More youth are admitted for less serious offenses, in part to meet treatment needs. Florida Legislature, Office of Program Policy Analysis and Government Accountability, 2003.

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McGuire, James. Implementing Prison-based Treatment Programs. Edited by John Wooldredge and Paula Smith. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199948154.013.24.

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The “success” of a prison program can be defined, in part, as the ability to effectively reintegrate released offenders back into the community and secure reductions in criminal recidivism. This essay considers the challenges and issues involved in transferring the “what works” literature on potentially successful prison programs from research into practice. Implementation guidelines for prison programs are considered as well as the importance of evaluating and accrediting prison-based treatment programs. To this end, I review the obstacles to translating theoretically sound programs into prac
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Lösel, Friedrich, and Martin Schmucker. Treatment of sex offenders. Edited by Teela Sanders. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190213633.013.23.

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This essay discusses various treatments for sexual offenders and their success in reducing reoffending. Overall, research reveals a positive treatment effect that indicates up to 25 per cent less recidivism in treatment versus control groups. Cognitive-behavioral therapy, relapse prevention, and programs based on the Risk–Need–Responsivity model have the strongest evidence base, although the studies and findings are heterogeneous and outcomes vary depending on many factors. Most promising are programs that involve treatment in the community and in forensic hospitals, delivered in a partly indi
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Vincent, Laura, and Carl Waldmann. Rehabilitation from critical illness after hospital discharge. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199600830.003.0386.

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The majority of patients admitted to intensive care units survive to hospital discharge, but then face a long and challenging functional recovery, due to the physical and psychological sequelae of their critical illness. There is associated physical, emotional, and financial strain on families and care-givers, in addition to the ongoing impact on patients themselves. The optimization of post-ICU morbidity and ‘health-related quality of life’ have thus become key components of the critical care treatment pathway. Structured exercise rehabilitation programmes, tailored to the specific needs of i
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Bradford, John M. W., Giovana V. de Amorim Levin, Adekunle G. Ahmed, and Sanjiv Gulati. Sex offender treatment. Edited by Alec Buchanan and Lisa Wootton. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198738664.003.0011.

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There are many misconceptions about sexual-offender treatment, which are particularly magnified when it comes to understanding and managing the risk of sexual offending in the community. Many of the misconceptions are based on faulty information about the types of treatment, treatment outcomes, and sexual-offence recidivism. Additionally, public misconception of sexual-offending behaviour in sexually deviant individuals creates stigma and fear. This is despite the large number of studies on sexual-offender treatment, recidivism, and treatment outcome available in the scientific literature. In
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Book chapters on the topic "ARV treatment programme"

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Costea, Andreea, Amy Zhu, Nadia Polikarpova, and Ilya Sergey. "Concise Read-Only Specifications for Better Synthesis of Programs with Pointers." In Programming Languages and Systems. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-44914-8_6.

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AbstractIn program synthesis there is a well-known trade-off between concise and strong specifications: if a specification is too verbose, it might be harder to write than the program; if it is too weak, the synthesised program might not match the user’s intent. In this work we explore the use of annotations for restricting memory access permissions in program synthesis, and show that they can make specifications much stronger while remaining surprisingly concise. Specifically, we enhance Synthetic Separation Logic (SSL), a framework for synthesis of heap-manipulating programs, with the logical mechanism of read-only borrows.We observe that this minimalistic and conservative SSL extension benefits the synthesis in several ways, making it more (a) expressive (stronger correctness guarantees are achieved with a modest annotation overhead), (b) effective (it produces more concise and easier-to-read programs), (c) efficient (faster synthesis), and (d) robust (synthesis efficiency is less affected by the choice of the search heuristic). We explain the intuition and provide formal treatment for read-only borrows. We substantiate the claims (a)–(d) by describing our quantitative evaluation of the borrowing-aware synthesis implementation on a series of standard benchmark specifications for various heap-manipulating programs.
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Morgan, Lynette. "Greenhouse operation and management." In Hydroponics and protected cultivation: a practical guide. CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789244830.0047.

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Abstract This chapter discusses greenhouse operation and management. Its sanitation and hygiene for food safety and compliance programs and for crop protection; source water quality and treatment; biosecurity; waste management and disposal of wastewater and its treatment, disposal of and reduction in organic waste, plastics, and pesticides and agrochemical containers; and occupational health and safety are also discussed.
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Morgan, Lynette. "Greenhouse operation and management." In Hydroponics and protected cultivation: a practical guide. CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789244830.0004.

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Abstract This chapter discusses greenhouse operation and management. Its sanitation and hygiene for food safety and compliance programs and for crop protection; source water quality and treatment; biosecurity; waste management and disposal of wastewater and its treatment, disposal of and reduction in organic waste, plastics, and pesticides and agrochemical containers; and occupational health and safety are also discussed.
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Potter, Charles. "Activity-Based Online Learning: A Response to Dyslexia and COVID." In Active Learning [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.96359.

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Dr. Charles Potter’s Reading Fluency Programme implements individual learning programmes focusing on children’s learning needs. The methods and materials can be used in the treatment of dyslexia, as well as for working with children with reading, writing, and spelling difficulties or difficulties with rate of work at school. The programmes are activity-based, and are introduced through online sessions related to the child’s individual learning needs as identified through initial assessment and ongoing evaluation. Based on assessment, an individual programme is developed for the child, focusing on areas of need. The programme then uses electronic books, activity books and materials for treatment of phonological and phonemic difficulties, phonic difficulties, as well as linked problems with reading, writing, spelling, reading comprehension and working memory development. This chapter provides theoretical background on the neurolinguistic basis of the programme’s methods and materials, which have been developed internationally and implemented pre COVID with both first and second language speakers of English. It also provides information on how the materials have been implemented post COVID using activity-based online learning formats, and the results of children based on pre and post assessments.
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Meyer, Björn. "Online treatment programmes for suicidal persons." In Oxford Textbook of Suicidology and Suicide Prevention, edited by Danuta Wasserman and Camilla Wasserman. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198834441.003.0059.

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Online treatment programmes extend the reach and effectiveness of psychological interventions for suicide prevention. Such programmes could teach individuals relevant self-management techniques, including emotion regulation or other techniques used in cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT). Advantages such as privacy, low-threshold accessibility, scalability, flexibility, affordability, and standardization increase the appeal of online treatment programmes, but limitations and risks must be considered, including data security breaches, insufficient integration with other care services, lacking efficacy, and potential harm. Many online treatment programmes are broadly CBT-based, but evidence suggests that they might be improved by addressing suicide-specific issues in a more targeted manner. Because online programmes differ in content, interactivity, and other aspects, the safety and efficacy of each programme must be examined separately, but methodologically adequate trials are still rare. Research suggests that safe and effective online treatment programmes for suicide prevention should be developed, and must prove their merit in adequately designed studies.
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Grills, Nathan. "Non-communicable and chronic diseases." In Setting up Community Health Programmes in Low and Middle Income Settings, edited by Ted Lankester and Nathan Grills. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198806653.003.0022.

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This chapter on non-communicable diseases (NCDs) explains how they are now the leading cause of death worldwide, and how their prevention, control, and treatment need to be built into our community health programme. It gives information about physical activity, alcohol moderation, tobacco cessation, and healthy eating, and for each topic uses WHO guidelines as the basis for the advice. The chapter suggests how to raise awareness in the community and ways to integrate the community response with existing services and government health programmes. It details five components for an effective NCD response at the community level—screening, promoting healthy behaviours, advocacy, disease-specific treatments, and interventions. It finishes with ways to monitor and evaluate the programme.
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Galsworthy, Paul. "The principles of a national diabetic eye screening programme." In Diabetic Retinopathy: Screening to Treatment (Oxford Diabetes Library). Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198834458.003.0012.

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Screening identifies apparently healthy people who may be at increased risk of a disease or condition, enabling earlier treatment or better-informed decisions. The NHS diabetic eye screening (DES) programme is one of the young person and adult NHS population screening programmes in the UK. The UK National Screening Committee (UK NSC), which makes independent, evidence-based recommendations to ministers in the four UK nations about the 11 population-based screening programmes. Public Health England (PHE)—Screening Quality Assurance Service (SQAS) ensures programmes are safe and effective by ensuring national standards are met.
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Evans, Dwight L., W. Edward Craighead, Charles Nemeroff, Rachel Neuhut, and Moira Rynn. "Research Agenda for Depression and Bipolar Disorder." In Treating and Preventing Adolescent Mental Health Disorders, edited by Dwight L. Evans. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med-psych/9780199928163.003.0004.

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Research on child and adolescent MDD and bipolar disorder needs to proceed on many fronts to maximize the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of these disorders. Identification of risk factors – psychological, sociological, familial, and biological – to include studies of biomarkers, genetics and epigenetics, and brain imagining are needed to inform the development of new treatments and prevention programs. Studies are needed in both MDD and bipolar disorder regarding the identification of predictors of clinical outcome and selection of psychosocial and/or pharmacological treatment(s) that are personalized for an individual patient. Maintenance studies are needed to guide optimal treatment duration. Studies focusing on the treatment and prevention of suicide are needed in both MDD and bipolar disorder. More prevention programs are needed in MDD with a focus on a full range of risk factors and the active ingredients and predictors of change that will ultimately guide a specific prevention program for a given patient. Prevention programs in bipolar disorder await further research advances in the identification of risk factors and in the characterization of early signs and symptoms to target those individuals who are at risk for the development of bipolar disorder in youth.
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Fernández-Álvarez, Héctor, Maria del Pilar Grazioso, Diana Kirszman, Meri Lubina, and Rodney Goodyear. "Responding to the Mental Health Needs of Underserved Latin Americans." In Bringing Psychotherapy to the Underserved, edited by Jeffrey Zimmerman, Jeffrey E. Barnett, and Linda F. Campbell. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med-psych/9780190912727.003.0011.

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Latin Americans experience an especially large gap between their mental health needs and treatment availability. Access to treatment is limited by attitudes and stigma, the lack of substantial treatment infrastructures, and shortages of mental health professionals. The treatments that underserved populations do obtain are often informed by models imported from North America and Europe, without sufficient cultural adaptation. This chapter describes the work that Fundación Aiglé is doing to address this treatment gap. This includes its graduate training programs and supervision networks that extend regionally, beyond Argentina; its publications; and its treatment model, the integrative model of psychotherapy. The chapter also describes Aiglé’s Therapeutic Assistance Program for People with Limited Resources (PATER) as one approach to providing treatment to underserved populations. The work that Aiglé is doing provides a model for other nongovernmental agencies to adapt to their own circumstances.
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Selikowitz, Mark. "Unconventional treatments." In ADHD: The Facts. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198867371.003.0017.

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There are no quick and easy ways of overcoming ADHD; more importantly, there are no outright cures. Many misguided or dishonest individuals promote all manner of alternative ‘treatments’ for ADHD. The media often play an active role in irresponsibly promoting discredited treatments. If you plan to start any treatment, first be certain that you understand the risks involved. You should obtain reliable information from your child’s doctor before becoming involved in any treatment. This chapter explores unconventional treatments for ADHD, including the evaluation of alternative treatments, the role of the media, and some widely promoted treatments (dietary treatments, herbal treatments, technological treatments, exercise programmes, manipulation of the spine, and meditation).
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Conference papers on the topic "ARV treatment programme"

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Kroeckel, T., S. J. Hiller, and P. Jeschke. "Application of a Multistage Casing Treatment in a High Speed Axial Compressor Test Rig." In ASME 2011 Turbo Expo: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2011-46315.

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The subject of this paper is the experimental investigation of the overall performance and local aerodynamics of a 2.5 stage axial compressor test rig with a two stage casing treatment. Casing treatments are a well known method to aerodynamically stabilize the near stall compressor aerodynamics. However, in the past, casing treatments have only been applied to high aspect ratio front stages. This investigation puts the focus on the impact of advanced casing treatments applied to both rotors of a high speed compressor test rig. The rotors’ geometric and aerodynamic features are identical to tho
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Yellowlees, S. F., and C. T. Watson. "New UK Research Programme on Fracture Mechanics." In ASME 2006 Pressure Vessels and Piping/ICPVT-11 Conference. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2006-icpvt-11-93559.

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A new long-term research programme has been launched in the UK. This involves Rolls-Royce plc and Serco Assurance, supported by UK industry and academia. A significant part of the programme is aimed at improving methodologies for assessing the significance of defects in structures, either by deriving new methodologies, further developing existing methodologies, and/or providing validation data. Current work packages include consideration of: • The treatment of secondary stresses; • Flaw characterisation; • Load history effects; • The interaction between ductile tearing and growth by other mech
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Galson, D. A., and A. Khursheed. "The Treatment of Uncertainty in Performance Assessment and Safety Case Development." In The 11th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2007-7329.

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This paper presents the results of a review of the treatment of uncertainty in performance assessment (PA) and safety-case development, carried out as part of the European Commission (EC) project PAMINA (Performance Assessment Methodologies IN Application to Guide the Development of the Safety Case). Information on the treatment of uncertainties was gathered from PAMINA participants and several other organisations using a questionnaire, and via a limited wider review of the literature. The questionnaire responses obtained represent 16 disposal programmes in 13 countries, including all of the c
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Alcantar, Jonathan, Akash Damani, Wadood El-Rabaa, Kishore Kumar Medavarapu, and Govindraj P. "Optimization of HPHT Stimulation Treatments in Offshore Multistage Completions, Krishna Godavari Basin, India." In SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/205930-ms.

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Abstract This paper presents an analysis of the stimulation treatment design and the optimization of the stimulation treatments in the challenging ultra-HPHT environment (400°F and 15000psi) of the Krishna-Godavari (KG) basin, East Coast, India. In greater detail, the paper focuses on how the perforation placement and the stimulation treatment design have been optimized for each zone of a multi-zone treatment program in a deviated well to address the specific challenges (geological, completion, operational and logistical) associated with the environment. An in-depth analysis was performed on t
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Tulshibagwale, Nikhil, and Stephen P. Gent. "Simulating Coil Embolization Treatments of Intracranial Aneurysms Using Computational Fluid Dynamics." In 2019 Design of Medical Devices Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dmd2019-3222.

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In this study, a commercially available computational fluid dynamics (CFD) program was used to simulate coil embolization techniques, standard coiling (SC) and stent-assisted coiling (SAC), in simplified vessels that are representative of vessels found in the brain. The test models included a curved vessel, ranging from 3mm to 4mm in diameter. The vessel was afflicted with a spherical aneurysm, ranging from 8mm to 16mm in diameter. The four test cases were simulated without treatment, with SC treatment, and with SAC treatment, for a total of twelve simulations. The parameters of interest were
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Masteva, H., EH Baker, and DR Burrage. "P69 Are patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease receiving the best treatment for their cardiovascular risk factors?" In British Thoracic Society Winter Meeting 2018, QEII Centre, Broad Sanctuary, Westminster, London SW1P 3EE, 5 to 7 December 2018, Programme and Abstracts. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and British Thoracic Society, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/thorax-2018-212555.227.

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Baccouche, Ridha, Andy Sherman, Susan Ward, David Wagner, Craig Miller, and Hikmat Mahmood. "Crashworthiness of Aluminum Extrusion Under Simulated Service Life Heat Exposure." In ASME 2004 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2004-59164.

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An investigation of the service life aging and heat exposure effects on extruded aluminum alloy properties and structural crashworthiness has been conducted. This research, part of a broader program, consists of investigating five aluminum alloy extrusions each of which is subjected to two heat treatments. The aluminum extrusion investigated are 6063T6, 6061T6, 6260T6, 6014T6, and 7129T6. The two heat treatments are 177°C for 30 minutes and 200°C for 24 hours. The 200°C/24 hours treatment represents an upper limit thermal exposure i.e. components adjacent to exhaust pipes and manifolds. The 20
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Smith, Mike C., Anastasia N. Vasileiou, Dinesh W. Rathod, John Francis, Neil M. Irvine, and Yongle Sun. "A Review of Welding Research Within the New Nuclear Manufacturing (NNUMAN) Programme." In ASME 2017 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2017-66180.

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The New Nuclear Manufacturing (NNUMAN) Programme is a five year UK research project developing manufacturing technologies for next generation nuclear power plants. One of its research themes is advanced joining. Within this theme NNUMAN has manufactured, characterised, and modelled benchmark narrow groove weldments in SA508 Gr 3 Cl 1 low alloy steel over a range of thicknesses up to 130 mm thick using four welding processes: submerged arc (SAW), gas-tungsten arc (GTAW), Electron beam (EB) and cold wire laser (CWL). This paper describes the manufacture and characterisation of the weldments, inc
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Noor, S., S. Nawaz, T. Garfoot, et al. "P56 What happens to patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis who are not eligible for antifibrotic treatment due to current NICE guidelines." In British Thoracic Society Winter Meeting 2019, QEII Centre, Broad Sanctuary, Westminster, London SW1P 3EE, 4 to 6 December 2019, Programme and Abstracts. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and British Thoracic Society, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/thorax-2019-btsabstracts2019.199.

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Buecker, Brad. "Water/Steam Treatment Programs and Chemistry Control for Heat Recovery Steam Generators." In ASME 2013 Power Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/power2013-98004.

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New power generation in the U.S. is being dominated by installation of combined-cycle power plants, where a significant portion of the power is produced from steam turbines supplied by heat recovery steam generators (HRSG). Proper chemistry control and monitoring of HRSG feedwater, boiler water, and steam are essential for high reliability and availability of these units. However, many plants have minimal staff, most if not all of whom have no formal chemistry training and who may not fully understand the importance of water/steam chemistry and monitoring techniques. This paper provides an out
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Reports on the topic "ARV treatment programme"

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Kalibala, Sam, Jerry Okal, Brady Zieman, et al. Retrospective review of task-shifting community-based programs supporting ARV treatment and retention in Uganda. Population Council, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/hiv7.1001.

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Foreit, James R. Postabortion family planning benefits clients and providers. Population Council, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/rh16.1006.

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A woman’s fertility can return quickly following an abortion or miscarriage, yet recent data show high levels of unmet need for family planning (FP) among women who have been treated for incomplete abortion. This leaves many women at risk of another unintended pregnancy and in some cases subsequent repeated abortions and abortion-related complications. It is thus vital for programs to provide a comprehensive package of postabortion care (PAC) services that includes medical treatment, FP counseling and services, and other reproductive health services such as evaluation and treatment for sexuall
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Ajzenman, Nicolás, Gregory Elacqua, Luana Marotta, and Anne Sofie Olsen. Order Effects and Employment Decisions: Experimental Evidence from a Nationwide Program. Inter-American Development Bank, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003558.

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In this paper, we show that order effects operate in the context of high-stakes, real-world decisions: employment choices. We experimentally evaluate a nationwide program in Ecuador that changed the order of teaching vacancies on a job application platform in order to reduce teacher sorting (that is, lower-income students are more likely to attend schools with less qualified teachers). In the treatment arm, the platform showed hard-to-staff schools (institutions typically located in more vulnerable areas that normally have greater difficulty attracting teachers) first, while in the control gro
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Salazar, Lina, Ana Claudia Palacios, Michael Selvaraj, and Frank Montenegro. Using Satellite Images to Measure Crop Productivity: Long-Term Impact Assessment of a Randomized Technology Adoption Program in the Dominican Republic. Inter-American Development Bank, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003604.

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This study combines three rounds of surveys with remote sensing to measure long-term impacts of a randomized irrigation program in the Dominican Republic. Specifically, Landsat 7 and Landsat 8 satellite images are used to measure the causal effects of the program on agricultural productivity, measured through vegetation indices (NDVI and OSAVI). To this end, 377 plots were analyzed (129 treated and 248 controls) for the period from 2011 to 2019. Following a Differencein-Differences (DD) and Event study methodology, the results confirmed that program beneficiaries have higher vegetation indices
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Frazer, Sarah, Anna Wetterberg, and Eric Johnson. The Value of Integrating Governance and Sector Programs: Evidence from Senegal. RTI Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3768/rtipress.2021.rb.0028.2109.

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As the global community works toward the Sustainable Development Goals, closer integration between governance and sectoral interventions offers a promising, yet unproven avenue for improving health service delivery. We interrogate what value an integrated governance approach, intentionally combining governance and sectoral investments in strategic collaboration, adds to health service readiness and delivery using data from a study in Senegal. Our quasi-experimental research design compared treatment and control communes to determine the value added of an integrated governance approach in Seneg
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Keefer, Philip, and Benjamin Roseth. Grand Corruption in the Contracting Out of Public Services: Lessons from a Pilot Study in Colombia. Inter-American Development Bank, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003335.

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Do targeted transparency interventions reduce corrupt behavior when corrupt actors are few and politically influential; their behavior imposes small costs on numerous individuals; and corrupt behavior is difficult to observe? Results from a study of informal audits and text messages to parents, meant to curb corruption in the School Meals Program of Colombia, suggests that they can. Theory is pessimistic that transparency interventions can change the behavior of actors who exert significant influence over supervisory authorities. Moreover, inherent methodological obstacles impede the identific
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Roschelle, Jeremy, Britte Haugan Cheng, Nicola Hodkowski, Julie Neisler, and Lina Haldar. Evaluation of an Online Tutoring Program in Elementary Mathematics. Digital Promise, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.51388/20.500.12265/94.

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Many students struggle with mathematics in late elementary school, particularly on the topic of fractions. In a best evidence syntheses of research on increasing achievement in elementary school mathematics, Pelligrini et al. (2018) highlighted tutoring as a way to help students. Online tutoring is attractive because costs may be lower and logistics easier than with face-to-face tutoring. Cignition developed an approach that combines online 1:1 tutoring with a fractions game, called FogStone Isle. The game provides students with additional learning opportunities and provides tutors with inform
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Saavedra, Lissette M., Antonio A. Morgan-Lopez, Anna C. Yaros, Alex Buben, and James V. Trudeau. Provider Resistance to Evidence-Based Practice in Schools: Why It Happens and How to Plan for It in Evaluations. RTI Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3768/rtipress.2019.rb.0020.1905.

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Evidence-based practice is often encouraged in most service delivery settings, yet a substantial body of research indicates that service providers often show resistance or limited adherence to such practices. Resistance to the uptake of evidence-based treatments and programs is well-documented in several fields, including nursing, dentistry, counseling, and other mental health services. This research brief discusses the reasons behind provider resistance, with a contextual focus on mental health service provision in school settings. Recommendations are to attend to resistance in the preplannin
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Bobashev, Georgiy, John Holloway, Eric Solano, and Boris Gutkin. A Control Theory Model of Smoking. RTI Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3768/rtipress.2017.op.0040.1706.

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We present a heuristic control theory model that describes smoking under restricted and unrestricted access to cigarettes. The model is based on the allostasis theory and uses a formal representation of a multiscale opponent process. The model simulates smoking behavior of an individual and produces both short-term (“loading up” after not smoking for a while) and long-term smoking patterns (e.g., gradual transition from a few cigarettes to one pack a day). By introducing a formal representation of withdrawal- and craving-like processes, the model produces gradual increases over time in withdra
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Amzeri, Achmad, Kaswan Badami, and Gita Pawana. Inheritance of resistance to downy mildew (Peronosclerospora maydis) in crossing of Madura Maize Plant (Zea mays L.). Innovative Scientific Information & Services Network, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.21107/amzeri.2019.1.

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Hybridization of Back cross is one method to get varieties that are resistant to downy mildew. The purpose of this study was to obtain information on inheritance characteristics of downy mildew resistance. This research was conducted at the experiment center of Agro-Technology Study Program of Agriculture Faculty, University of Trunojoyo Madura. Research of Assessment of resistance to Downy Mildew used a randomized block design with 18 treatments (P1, P2, F1, F2, BC1P1 and BC1P2 in three sets of crosses, namely LGL x Mdr-3, T12 x Mdr-1 and E02 x Mdr-2) and three replications so there were 54 e
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