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Journal articles on the topic 'ARV treatment programme'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 11 February 2022

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1

Hofmeyr, Graham P., Tom Georgiou, and Carol W. Baker. "The Keiskamma AIDS Treatment programme: Evaluation of a community-based antiretroviral programme in a rural setting." Southern African Journal of HIV Medicine 10, no. 1 (2009): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajhivmed.v10i1.1000.

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This paper documents the outcomes of the first 174 patients enrolled in a recently established community-based antiretroviral (ARV) treatment programme. Many people are living with HIV/AIDS and are in need of ARVs. Access to ARVs can pose many logistical difficulties for poor and sick persons, particularly in rural areas. This communitybased treatment programme aimed to overcome these challenges, providing transport and nursing care, as well as actively seeking persons too sick to leave their homes. This led to the inclusion of many persons with advanced HIV in the treatment population. The st

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Devi, S. Bhagyabati, T. Jeetenkumar Singh, Kshetrimayum Birendra Singh, N. Biplab Singh, Robinson Ningshen, and Thiyam Brojendro Singh. "Survival analysis of people living with human immunodeficiency virus: a study in a teaching hospital." International Journal of Advances in Medicine 7, no. 9 (2020): 1339. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20203596.

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Background: Antiretroviral therapy (ART) have changed the outlook of people living with HIV (PLHIV) by transforming the dreaded infection to a chronically manageable disease. However, there is scant of reports which analyses quantitatively the survival benefit of PLHIV under ART. Objectives of this study were to determine the survival time of adult PLHIV who are on ARV. To analyse the factors determining survival outcome of PLHIV on ARV.Methods: This was an observational study in centre of excellence (COE) ART Centre, RIMS, Imphal from April 2004 to December 2009. Details from the data entered

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Idigbe, E. Oni, Oluwole Odutolu, Prosper Okonkwo, et al. "Evaluation of the Nigerian national antiretroviral (ARV) treatment training programme." SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS 3, no. 3 (2006): 488–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17290376.2006.9724876.

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Vawda, Yousuf A., and Farhana Variawa. "Challenges confronting health care workers in government's ARV rollout: rights and responsibilities." Potchefstroom Electronic Law Journal/Potchefstroomse Elektroniese Regsblad 15, no. 2 (2017): 486. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/1727-3781/2012/v15i2a2497.

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South Africa is renowned for having a progressive Constitution with strong protection of human rights, including protection for persons using the public health system. While significant recent discourse and jurisprudence have focused on the rights of patients, the situation and rights of providers of health care services have not been adequately ventilated. This paper attempts to foreground the position of the human resources personnel located at the centre of the roll-out of the government's ambitious programme of anti-retroviral (ARV) therapy. The HIV/AIDS epidemic represents a major public

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Bussmann, Hermann, Vladimir Novitsky, William Wester, et al. "HIV-1 Subtype C Drug-Resistance Background among ARV-Naive Adults in Botswana." Antiviral Chemistry and Chemotherapy 16, no. 2 (2005): 103–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/095632020501600203.

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Current HIV-1 antiretroviral (ARV) drug resistance knowledge is limited to HIV-1 subtype B (HIV-1B). We addressed whether unique genetic and phenotypic properties of HIV-1 subtype C (HIV-1C), southern Africa's most prevalent subtype, may foment earlier and/or distinct resistance mutations. Population-level HIV-1C genotypes were evaluated with respect to drug resistance prevalence before Botswana's public ARV treatment programme began. Viruses were genotyped from 11 representative districts of northern and southern Botswana, and consensus sequences from these 71 individuals and 51 previously re

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Makombe, Simon D., Anthony D. Harries, Joseph Kwong-Leung Yu, et al. "Outcomes of patients with Kaposi's sarcoma who start antiretroviral therapy under routine programme conditions in Malawi." Tropical Doctor 38, no. 1 (2008): 5–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/td.2007.060023.

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AIDS-associated Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) is the most common AIDS-related malignancy in sub-Saharan Africa, with a generally unfavourable prognosis. We report on six-month and 12-month cohort treatment outcomes of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive KS patients and HIV-positive non-KS patients treated with antiretroviral therapy (ART) in public sector facilities in Malawi. Data were collected from standardized antiretroviral (ARV) patient master cards and ARV patient registers. Between July and September 2005, 7905 patients started ART-488 (6%) with a diagnosis of KS and 7417 with a non-KS

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A, Coutsoudis, A. Goga, C. Desmond, P. Barron, V. Black, and H. Coovadia. "Is Option B+ the best choice?" Southern African Journal of HIV Medicine 14, no. 1 (2013): 8–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajhivmed.v14i1.94.

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This article is reprinted from The Lancet, with permission from Elsevier: Coutsodis A, Goga A, Desmond C, Barron P, Black V, Coovadia H. Is Option B+ the best choice? Lancet 2013;381(9863):269-271. [http://dx/doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61807-8]  The success of prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) programmes (Options A and B) in middle-income countries, together with clinical trial data on antiretroviral (ARV) treatment as prophylaxis, has emboldened UN agencies to aggressively promote lifelong ARVs for PMTCT (Option B+). Unsubstantiated claims submit that Option B+

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Kelly-Hanku, Angela, Claire Elizabeth Nightingale, Minh Duc Pham, et al. "Loss to follow up of pregnant women with HIV and infant HIV outcomes in the prevention of maternal to child transmission of HIV programme in two high-burden provinces in Papua New Guinea: a retrospective clinical audit." BMJ Open 10, no. 12 (2020): e038311. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-038311.

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IntroductionDespite early adoption of the WHO guidelines to deliver lifelong antiretroviral (ARV) regimen to pregnant women on HIV diagnosis, the HIV prevention of mother to child transmission programme in Papua New Guinea remains suboptimal. An unacceptable number of babies are infected with HIV and mothers not retained in treatment. This study aimed to describe the characteristics of this programme and to investigate the factors associated with programme performance outcomes.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective analysis of clinical records of HIV-positive pregnant women at two hospitals provi

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Aliyu, Ahmad, Babatunde Adelekan, Nifarta Andrew, et al. "PO 8171 PREDICTORS OF LOSS TO FOLLOW-UP IN ART-COMMENCED PATIENTS IN NIGERIA: A 13-YEAR REVIEW (2004–2017)." BMJ Global Health 4, Suppl 3 (2019): A20.3—A21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2019-edc.51.

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BackgroundExpanded access to antiretroviral therapy (ART) has improved HIV outcomes in Nigeria. However, increasing rates of patients lost to follow-up (LTFU) is threatening the achievement of the UNAIDS treatment targets to treat 90% of HIV-diagnosed patients and attain 90% viral suppression amongst those on treatment. Therefore, this retrospective cross-sectional study is aimed at identifying correlates and predictors of loss to follow-up in ART-commenced patients in a large HIV programme in Nigeria.MethodsRecords of all patients who started ART from 2004 to 2017 of 432 PEPFAR-supported faci

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Denis, Philippe. "New Patterns of Disclosure: How HIV-Positive Support Group Members from KwaZulu-Natal Speak of their Status in Oral Narratives." Medical History 58, no. 2 (2014): 278–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/mdh.2014.23.

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AbstractThis paper examines the representations and emotions associated with disclosure and stigma in Pietermaritzburg, KwaZulu-Natal, seven years after the start of the South African government’s ARV roll-out programme on the basis of in-depth oral history interviews of HIV-positive support group members. It argues that the wider availability of ARV treatment, the ensuing reduced fatality rate and the increased number of people, including men, who receive counselling and testing, may mean that HIV/AIDS is less stigmatised and that disclosure has become easier. This does not mean that stigma h

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Chahal, Harinder Singh, Peter Capella, Ryan Presto, et al. "Impact of the US Food and Drug Administration registration of antiretroviral drugs on global access to HIV treatment." BMJ Global Health 3, no. 3 (2018): e000651. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2017-000651.

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BackgroundSince 2004, the US Food and Drug Administration’s (USFDA) dedicated drug review process in support of President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) has made safe, effective and quality antiretrovirals (ARVs) available for millions of patients. Furthermore, the WHO and Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria (Global Fund) can add the USFDA-reviewed products to their respective formularies, through a novel process of ‘one-way reliance’. We assessed the number of ARVs made available through WHO and Global Fund based on the USFDA review.MethodsWe conducted a cross-secti

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Nayak, Narayan V., and Abhishek Prayag. "Adherence status of HIV infected children at ART centre of South India." International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics 5, no. 5 (2018): 1786. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20183450.

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Background: Adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) is a principal determinant of virologic suppression. A variety of factors: including formulation of medicine, dose frequencing, drug toxicities, child’s age, as well as psychosocial, behavioral, and sociodemographic characteristics of children and caregivers have been associated with nonadherence. Still no consistent predictors of either good or poor adherence in children have been consistently identified.Methods: Data was collected from the ART Centre. Record based data from the year 2008 to 2018 April of pediatric age group i.e. from 0-18

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N’guessan, Kouamé, Coulibaly Sarigalo Madani, Coulibaly Siaka, Kaffet Sylvie Andrée Joelle, and Tako Némé Antoine. "Effets D’un Programme D’entrainement De 8 Semaines Chez Des Femmes Infectees Du Vih Sous Traitement Antiretroviral (Arv) En Cote d’Ivoire." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 12, no. 23 (2016): 221. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2016.v12n23p221.

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Objective: To evaluate the effects of 8-week specific Fitness training program on the physical, mental and immunological health of women infected by the virus of the human immunodeficiency and on antiretroviral treatment (ARVT). Methods: a program of sixteen sessions of specific Fitness training displayed over 2 months with two sessions of one hour a week was realized in 48 physically inactive women from 25 to 52 years old, living with the HIV and under antiretroviral treatment. The physical health of the women was evaluated before and after two months of training through body mass index, musc

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Clinicians Society, SA HIV. "Fixed-dose combination for adults accessing antiretroviral therapy." Southern African Journal of HIV Medicine 14, no. 1 (2013): 41–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajhivmed.v14i1.104.

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This document serves to guide clinicians and programme managers on how to switch from 3 separate antiretroviral (ARV) drugs to the new, single, fixed-dose combination (FDC) tablet containing tenofovir (TDF), emtricitabine (FTC) and efavirenz (EFV).   Summary Transitioning from individual drugs to an FDC tablet needs to be managed carefully, particularly regarding stock management, ordering processes, supply-chain integrity and comprehensive patient counselling.   Priority groups • Initially, FDC supply will be insufficient to provide for all FDC-suitable pat

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Cedraschi, C. "Fibromyalgia: a randomised, controlled trial of a treatment programme based on self management." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 63, no. 3 (2004): 290–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/ard.2002.004945.

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de Velasco, Guillermo, Boonie Bermas, and Toni K. Choueiri. "Autoimmune Arthropathy and Uveitis as Complications of Programmed Death 1 Inhibitor Treatment." Arthritis & Rheumatology 68, no. 2 (2016): 556–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/art.39406.

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Harper, Lorraine, Matthew David Morgan, Dimitrios Chanouzas, et al. "Treatment of fatigue with physical activity and behavioural change support in vasculitis: study protocol for an open-label randomised controlled feasibility study." BMJ Open 8, no. 10 (2018): e023769. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-023769.

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IntroductionFatigue is a major cause of morbidity, limiting quality of life, in patients with antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis (AAV). The aetiology of fatigue is multifactorial; biological and psychosocial mediators, such as sleep deprivation, pain and anxiety and depression, are important and may be improved by increasing physical activity. Current self-management advice is based on expert opinion and is poorly adhered to. This study aims to investigate the feasibility of increasing physical activity using a programme of direct contact and telephone support, to provid

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Silva-Pilipich, Noelia, Eva Martisova, María Cristina Ballesteros-Briones, et al. "Long-Term Systemic Expression of a Novel PD-1 Blocking Nanobody from an AAV Vector Provides Antitumor Activity without Toxicity." Biomedicines 8, no. 12 (2020): 562. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines8120562.

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Immune checkpoint blockade using monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) able to block programmed death-1 (PD-1)/PD-L1 axis represents a promising treatment for cancer. However, it requires repetitive systemic administration of high mAbs doses, often leading to adverse effects. We generated a novel nanobody against PD-1 (Nb11) able to block PD-1/PD-L1 interaction for both mouse and human molecules. Nb11 was cloned into an adeno-associated virus (AAV) vector downstream of four different promoters (CMV, CAG, EF1α, and SFFV) and its expression was analyzed in cells from rodent (BHK) and human origin (Huh-7)

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Ninyio, Nathaniel Nyakaat, Kok Lian Ho, Abdul Rahman Omar, Wen Siang Tan, Munir Iqbal, and Abdul Razak Mariatulqabtiah. "Virus-like Particle Vaccines: A Prospective Panacea Against an Avian Influenza Panzootic." Vaccines 8, no. 4 (2020): 694. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines8040694.

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Epizootics of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) have resulted in the deaths of millions of birds leading to huge financial losses to the poultry industry worldwide. The roles of migratory wild birds in the harbouring, mutation, and transmission of avian influenza viruses (AIVs), and the lack of broad-spectrum prophylactic vaccines present imminent threats of a global panzootic. To prevent this, control measures that include effective AIV surveillance programmes, treatment regimens, and universal vaccines are being developed and analysed for their effectiveness. We reviewed the epidemiol

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Bliddal, Henning, Anthony R. Leeds, Lise Stigsgaard, Arne Astrup, and Robin Christensen. "Weight loss as treatment for knee osteoarthritis symptoms in obese patients: 1-year results from a randomised controlled trial." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 70, no. 10 (2011): 1798–803. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/ard.2010.142018.

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ObjectiveTo evaluate 1-year symptomatic improvement in obese patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA) on an intensive low-energy diet (LED) maintained by frequent consultations with a dietician compared to minimal attention.MethodsThe LED programme consisted of group therapy with dietary consultations and two periods of a low-calorie diet of 810 kcal/day during weeks 0–8 and weeks 32–36. The control group only received dietary instruction and attention for 2 h at baseline, and at weeks 8, 32, 36 and 52. The primary end point (total Western Ontario and McMaster Universities (WOMAC) index) was ass

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Gülfe, A., L. E. Kristensen, T. Saxne, L. T. H. Jacobsson, I. F. Petersson, and P. Geborek. "Rapid and sustained health utility gain in anti-tumour necrosis factor-treated inflammatory arthritis: observational data during 7 years in southern Sweden." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 69, no. 2 (2009): 352–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/ard.2008.103473.

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Background:Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and other spondylarthritides impose a great impact on the individual in addition to the costs on society, which may be reduced by effective pharmacological treatment. Industry-independent health economic studies should complement studies sponsored by industry.Objective:To study secular trends in baseline health utilities in patients commencing tumour necrosis factor (TNF) blockade for arthritis in clinical practice over 7 years; to address utility changes during treatment; to investigate the influence of previous treatment courses

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Perera, S., D. Krafcsik, and P. Rutherford. "OP0319-PARE SEE ME HEAR ME: AN ANCA-ASSOCIATED VASCULITIS PATIENT CO-CREATION INITIATIVE." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 79, Suppl 1 (2020): 196.1–197. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.1494.

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Background:ANCA-associated Vasculitis (AAV) is a rare, severe small vessel vasculitis that affects multiple organs with a high acute mortality risk. As every patient presents differently, diagnosis is often delayed. Although treatments exist, responses vary, and remission is often not achieved or sustained. From the time of initial diagnosis onwards, patients suffer from an impaired quality of life. Coping with pain, fatigue, ongoing symptoms and combating challenges becomes a complex task and patients may be challenged in how best to communicate these emotions with health care professionals.

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Amini-Adle, Mona, Muriel Piperno, Jérémie Tordo, et al. "Remitting Seronegative Symmetric Synovitis With Pitting Edema Associated With Partial Melanoma Response Under Anti-CTLA-4 and Anti-Programmed Death 1 Combination Treatment." Arthritis & Rheumatology 70, no. 8 (2018): 1358. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/art.40506.

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Ojovan, Michael I., and Anthony J. Wickham. "Processing of Irradiated Graphite: The Outcomes of an IAEA Coordinated Research Project." MRS Advances 1, no. 62 (2016): 4117–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/adv.2017.198.

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ABSTRACTDismantling of old reactors and the management of radioactive graphite wastes are becoming increasingly important issues for a number of IAEA Member States. Exchange of information and research cooperation in resolving identical problems between different institutions contributes towards improving waste-management practices, their efficiency, and general safety. The IAEA Coordinated Research Project (CRP) under the title ’Treatment of Irradiated Graphite to Meet Acceptance Criteria for Waste Disposal’ was conducted during 2010-2014 and has involved 24 organisations from ten Member Stat

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Hussein, Haitham A., Rozi Abdullah, and Md Azlin Md Said. "Computational Investigation of Inlet Baffle Height on the Flow in a Rectangular Oil/Water Separator Tanks." Applied Mechanics and Materials 802 (October 2015): 587–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.802.587.

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Gravity Separator Tanks are Used to Separate Oil from Water in Treatment Units. Achieving the Best Flow Uniformity in a Separator Tank will Improve the Maximum Removal Efficiency of Oil Globules from Water. in this Study, the Effect on Hydraulic Performance of Different Inlet Baffle Height inside a Tank was Investigated. some Experimental Tests were Done for Verification the Velocity Profile with Numerical Results Using ADV (Acoustic Doppler Velocimeter). A CFD Programme, Flow 3D Ver.10 was Used in which Finite Volume Method is Used for Solution of Water Flow Equations and RNG Turbulent Model

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George, Gavin, Gavin Surgey, and Jeff Gow. "South Africa’s private sector investment in training and its erosion as a result of HIV and AIDS." South African Journal of Economic and Management Sciences 17, no. 2 (2014): 109–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajems.v17i2.449.

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South Africa’s economic prospects depend on the productivity of its labour, and productivity can only be maximised when the labour force possess the appropriate skills. Business is playing its part by offering training opportunities to employees. Collectively, they are spending more than the government’s mandated level on training. However, the HIV and AIDS epidemic is eroding this investment in southern Africa where the HIV epidemic is at its worst. While there has been empirical work that provides estimates on the cost of HIV and AIDS to business, there is very little data on the actual amou

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Guerrero, Carlo, Joe E. Ensor, Kai Sun, et al. "Stereotactic body radiation therapy and in situ oncolytic virus therapy followed by immunotherapy in metastatic non-small cell lung cancer." Journal of Clinical Oncology 39, no. 15_suppl (2021): 9115. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2021.39.15_suppl.9115.

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9115 Background: The introduction of immunotherapy has altered the treatment paradigm for metastatic non-small cell cancer (mNSCLC). Unfortunately, many patients with mNSCLC have limited or no benefit from immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). A variety of approaches have been explored to augment the efficacy of ICIs. Our study’s aim was to determine whether the addition of stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) and intratumoral injection of the oncolytic virus ADV/HSV-tk (adenovirus-mediated expression of herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase) to a monoclonal antibody targeting programmed

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Russell, Nigel H., Robert K. Hills, Ann E. Hunter, et al. "Low Dose Ara-C Versus Low Dose Ara-C and Arsenic Trioxide: the UK NCRI AML16 “Pick a Winner” Comparison." Blood 114, no. 22 (2009): 486. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v114.22.486.486.

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Abstract Abstract 486 A significant proportion of older patients with AML are not treated with conventional intensive chemotherapy [1] because they are unfit or not considered likely to benefit from an intensive treatment approach. Their outcomes are poor. Such patients have typically been treated with low-dose Ara-C (LDAC) or best supportive care (BSC) with hydroxyurea, and unrandomised studies of new agents have been used in this population. A recent randomised trial has shown that LDAC is superior to BSC in these patients [2]. Randomised trials are underway to assess the value of other nove

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Miyazawa, Keisuke, Juri Toyotake, Munekazu Naito, Masahiro Itoh, and Kazuma Ohyashiki. "Autophagy Induction of Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) Cells after Treatment with Low Dose-Cytarabine (Ara-C) and Enhanced Cytocidal Effect on AML Cells by Combined Treatment with Ara-C Plus Lenograstim." Blood 110, no. 11 (2007): 4185. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v110.11.4185.4185.

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Abstract Autophagy fundamentally refers to a process where cells enclose their own cell organelles with isolated membrane and deliver them to lysosomes for degradation, servicing as a nonspecific degradation mechanism of autologous proteins. Autophagy is induced above basal levels in response to nutrient deprivation or trophic factor withdrawal to sustain metabolism by producing catabolites. In this context, autophagy acts as a cytoprotective mechanism for cells to protect themselves from extracellular stresses. However, in a culture using cells in which autophagy-related genes were suppressed

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Cummings, Mike. "Modellvorhaben Akupunktur – a Summary of the Art, Arc and Gerac Trials." Acupuncture in Medicine 27, no. 1 (2009): 26–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/aim.2008.000281.

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In October 2000 the German Federal Committee of Physicians and Health Insurers recommended that special Model Projects on Acupuncture (“ Modellvorhaben Akupunktur”) be developed in order to determine the evidence-based role of acupuncture in the treatment of certain illnesses. This paper presents a summary of the main randomised controlled trials performed as part of these projects, and the associated economic analyses. Overall the results show that acupuncture is effective in practice for a range of chronic conditions, and it seems likely to have acceptable cost utility (at least at a rate of

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Lewis, D. A. "5. HIV AND WOMEN: THE AFRICAN EXPERIENCE." Sexual Health 4, no. 4 (2007): 286. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/shv4n4ab5.

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Africa as a continent has been devastated by the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome epidemic caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Women are more likely to acquire HIV/AIDS for a number of reasons and incidence studies show that younger women are particularly at risk of HIV acquisition. Biologically, they are more vulnerable and the acquisition of HIV can be influenced by hormonal contraceptives as well as sexually transmitted infections, which are often more asymptomatic than is the case for men. Women in Africa are also more vulnerable because of cultural issues; in some countrie

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Dennis, K., K. Linden, R. Zohr, et al. "A Pre-implementation Study of Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy for Same-day Planning and Treatment of Vertebral Bone Metastases Within a Rapid-access Palliative Radiotherapy Programme." Clinical Oncology 33, no. 10 (2021): 661–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.clon.2021.04.012.

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Bhalla, K., C. Tang, AM Ibrado, et al. "Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor/interleukin-3 fusion protein (pIXY 321) enhances high-dose Ara-C-induced programmed cell death or apoptosis in human myeloid leukemia cells." Blood 80, no. 11 (1992): 2883–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v80.11.2883.2883.

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Abstract High dose Ara-C (HIDAC) induces programmed cell death (PCD) or apoptosis in vitro in human myeloid leukemia cells, which correlates with the inhibition of their clonogenic survival. Hematopoietic growth factors (HGFs) granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM- CSF) and interleukin-3 (IL-3) have been demonstrated to enhance the metabolism and cytotoxic effects of HIDAC against leukemic progenitor cells. We examined the effect of pIXY 321 (a GM-CSF/IL-3 fusion protein) on HIDAC-induced PCD and related gene expressions as well as HIDAC-mediated colony growth inhibition of huma

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Bhalla, K., C. Tang, AM Ibrado, et al. "Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor/interleukin-3 fusion protein (pIXY 321) enhances high-dose Ara-C-induced programmed cell death or apoptosis in human myeloid leukemia cells." Blood 80, no. 11 (1992): 2883–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v80.11.2883.bloodjournal80112883.

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High dose Ara-C (HIDAC) induces programmed cell death (PCD) or apoptosis in vitro in human myeloid leukemia cells, which correlates with the inhibition of their clonogenic survival. Hematopoietic growth factors (HGFs) granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM- CSF) and interleukin-3 (IL-3) have been demonstrated to enhance the metabolism and cytotoxic effects of HIDAC against leukemic progenitor cells. We examined the effect of pIXY 321 (a GM-CSF/IL-3 fusion protein) on HIDAC-induced PCD and related gene expressions as well as HIDAC-mediated colony growth inhibition of human myeloid

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Omorov, R. A., A. S. Toktosunov, and B. A. Avasov. "Minilaparotomy cholecystectomy in elderly and senile patients." Kazan medical journal 97, no. 1 (2016): 37–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.17750/kmj2016-37.

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Aim. To evaluate the efficacy of minilaparotomy access and programmed treatment of cholecystectomy complications in elderly and senile patients.Methods. 160 patients (113 women and 47 men), who underwent surgery in the period from 2010 to 2012 in the departments of surgery at the Municipal clinical hospital №1 (Bishkek), were followed-up. Patients mean age was 68.4±3.5 years. Cholecystectomy and biliodigestive anastomoses were performed using mini-access in all patients. In addition to clinical and laboratory diagnostic methods, ultrasound examination with gallbladder projection detection on t

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Abbasi, Muhammad Shahrukh, Syed Abid Mehdi Kazmi, and Nabeel Baig. "EFFECTIVENESS OF SHORT ARC AND ISOMETRIC QUADRICEPS EXERCISES ON PAIN, MUSCLE ACTIVITY AND HEALTH RELATED QUALITY OF LIFE IN PATIENTS WITH ANTERIOR KNEE PAIN." Pakistan Journal of Rehabilitation 9, no. 1 (2020): 41–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.36283/pjr.zu.9.1/006.

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ABSTRACT AIMS & OBJECTIVES The aim of this study is to evaluate and compare the effects of Short-Arc and Isometric Quadriceps exercises on Quadriceps strength and health related quality of life among Anterior Knee pain patients by using EMG biofeedback. METHODOLOGY Total 80 participants were recruited and randomly distributed in two groups; A and B. Individuals in group A performed isometric quadriceps exercise while group B participants performed short-arc exercise for 1st, 6th and 8th week along with a home exercise programme. Pre and post treatment assessment was performed using EMG Bio

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NIAN, QING, JIANXIANG CHI, QING XIAO, et al. "SPARC ectopic overexpression inhibits growth and promotes programmed cell death in acute myeloid leukemia transformed from myelodysplastic syndrome cells, alone and in combination with Ara-C treatment." Oncology Reports 34, no. 3 (2015): 1406–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.3892/or.2015.4114.

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Bohl, Delphine, Assumpció Bosch, Ana Cardona, Anna Salvetti та Jean Michel Heard. "Improvement of erythropoiesis in β-thalassemic mice by continuous erythropoietin delivery from muscle". Blood 95, № 9 (2000): 2793–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v95.9.2793.009k07_2793_2798.

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β-Thalassemias are highly prevalent genetic disorders that can cause severe hemolytic anemia. The main pathophysiologic feature of β-thalassemia is the accumulation of unpaired -globin chains in erythrocyte precursors and red blood cells (RBCs). This accumulation alters cell membrane function and results in early cell destruction and ineffective erythropoiesis. Correction of globin chain imbalance through the induction of fetal hemoglobin (HbF) synthesis is a tentative therapeutic approach for this class of diseases. In short-term in vitro or in vivo assays, recombinant human erythropoietin i

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Burnett, Alan K., Nigel H. Russell, Mary Frances McMullin, et al. "A Randomised Comparison of Clofarabine Versus Low Dose Ara-C As First Line Treatment for Older Patients with AML." Blood 120, no. 21 (2012): 889. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v120.21.889.889.

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Abstract Abstract 889 Introduction There is no adequate standard of care for older patients with AML who are not considered fit for intensive treatment. In recent years a number of potential novel agents have been tested in single arm studies, but have not been validated in a randomised assessment. Clofarabine is a novel nucleoside analogue which has shown encouraging activity in this patient group in single arm studies [1,2]. As part of our “Pick a Winner” (PaW) trial programme, Clofarabine (CLO) 20mg/m2 IV days 1 to 5 was compared to Low Dose Ara-C (LDAC) 20mg bid SC days 1 to 10, each for u

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Manji, Gulam Abbas, Zev A. Wainberg, Kartik Krishnan, et al. "ARC-8: Phase I/Ib study to evaluate safety and tolerability of AB680 + chemotherapy + zimberelimab (AB122) in patients with treatment-naive metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma (mPDAC)." Journal of Clinical Oncology 39, no. 3_suppl (2021): 404. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2021.39.3_suppl.404.

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404 Background: AB680, a potent, selective small-molecule inhibitor of soluble and membrane-bound CD73, targets a major pathway of extracellular adenosine production with the aim of eliminating adenosine-mediated immunosuppression within the tumor microenvironment. In mPDAC, programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) axis inhibitors have limited clinical activity as monotherapies or combined with standard-of-care (SOC) chemotherapy. KRAS mutations, present in >90% of invasive PDACs, are associated with significantly elevated CD73 expression and poor clinical outcomes. Thus, mPDAC may be particu

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Maraghechi, Borna, Jack Davis, Nicholas Mitchell, et al. "The sensitivity of gamma index analysis to detect multileaf collimator (MLC) positioning errors using Varian TrueBeam EPID and ArcCHECK for patient-specific prostate volumetric-modulated arc therapy (VMAT) quality assurance." Journal of Radiotherapy in Practice 17, no. 1 (2017): 66–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1460396917000425.

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AbstractBackgroundDue to the increased degree of modulation and complexity of volumetric-modulated arc therapy (VMAT) plans, it is necessary to have a pre-treatment patient-specific quality assurance (QA) programme. The gamma index is commonly used to quantitatively compare two dose distributions. In this study we investigated the sensitivity of single- and multi-gamma criteria techniques to detect multileaf collimator (MLC) positioning errors using the Varian TrueBeam Electronic Portal Imaging DeviceTM (EPID) dosimetry and the ArcCHECKTM device.Materials and methodsAll active MLC positions of

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Yan, Mark, Yi Meng Chang, Vibha Raghavan, et al. "Lymphoma Microenvironment Deconvolution Links M1 Macrophage Infiltration to Clinical Outcome in Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma." Blood 136, Supplement 1 (2020): 29–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2020-134867.

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Introduction: The lymphoma microenvironment is increasingly recognized as crucial to sustaining lymphoma cell growth and an important contributor to treatment outcome, especially in the context of immunotherapies. CD20-targeted monoclonal antibodies (e.g. obinutuzumab [G] and rituximab [R]) function by several mechanisms, including antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity/phagocytosis (ADCC/ADCP). Immune effector cells, such as natural killer (NK) cells and phagocytes (i.e. macrophages and dendritic cells), and the Fc gamma receptor (FcγR) found on the surface of these cells, are critical to a

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Kirkpatrick, Helen Beryl, Jennifer Brasch, Jacky Chan, and Shaminderjot Singh Kang. "A Narrative Web-Based Study of Reasons To Go On Living after a Suicide Attempt: Positive Impacts of the Mental Health System." Journal of Mental Health and Addiction Nursing 1, no. 1 (2017): e3-e9. http://dx.doi.org/10.22374/jmhan.v1i1.10.

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Background and Objective: Suicide attempts are 10-20X more common than completed suicide and an important risk factor for death by suicide, yet most people who attempt suicide do not die by suicide. The process of recovering after a suicide attempt has not been well studied. The Reasons to go on Living (RTGOL) Project, a narrative web-based study, focuses on experiences of people who have attempted suicide and made the decision to go on living, a process not well studied. Narrative research is ideally suited to understanding personal experiences critical to recovery following a suicide attempt

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Bessong, Pascal O., Nontokozo D. Matume, and Denis M. Tebit. "Potential challenges to sustained viral load suppression in the HIV treatment programme in South Africa: a narrative overview." AIDS Research and Therapy 18, no. 1 (2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12981-020-00324-w.

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Abstract Background South Africa, with one of the highest HIV prevalences in the world, introduced the universal test and treat (UTT) programme in September 2016. Barriers to sustained viral suppression may include drug resistance in the pre-treated population, non-adherence, acquired resistance; pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics, and concurrent use of alternative treatments. Objective The purpose of this review is to highlight potential challenges to achieving sustained viral load suppression in South Africa (SA), a major expectation of the UTT initiative. Methodology Through the PRISMA a

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Makunde, Williams H., Filbert Francis, Bruno P. Mmbando, et al. "Lost to follow up and clinical outcomes of HIV adult patients on antiretroviral therapy in care and treatment centres in Tanga City, north-eastern Tanzania." Tanzania Journal of Health Research 14, no. 4 (2012). http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/thrb.v14i4.3.

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Scaling up of Antiretroviral (ARV) drugs is crucial and should be a perpetual venture in developing countries in-order to increase the survival period of HIV/AIDS individuals. In Tanzania, information on the rate of patients considered as lost to follow up during treatment with ARVs is scarce. The objective of this study was to determine the rate of lost to follow up and treatment outcome among patients attending two care and treatment clinics (CTCs) in Tanga City in north-eastern Tanzania. A descriptive observational study was carried out on cohorts from Tanga AIDS Working Group and Bombo Reg

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Steinberg, Jonny. "FINDING THE MEANINGS OF AIDS: ARV treatment in an Eastern Cape village." South African Crime Quarterly, no. 21 (March 8, 2016). http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/2413-3108/2007/v0i21a971.

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What happens to the meanings of AIDS when treatment for it becomes universally available? The author asks this question in Lusikisiki, where a successful antiretroviral treatment programme in the district’s 12 clinics made treatment accessible. The most profound effect is a whittling away of public denial. As nurses begin successfully treating opportunistic infections, so villagers’ definition of AIDS broadens considerably; infections previously considered the work of witchcraft are now identified with AIDS. However, two years after the beginning of treatment, AIDS remained highly stigmatised.

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Tellie, Mercia Jane. "Compassion Fatigue among Nurses: The Cost of Having a Relationship with HIV-Positive Patients." Africa Journal of Nursing and Midwifery 22, no. 2 (2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.25159/2520-5293/6937.

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In the public healthcare sector in South Africa, nurses treat a large number of patients who are infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) on an outpatient basis. Many patients consult the nurses only when they experience symptoms due to the delayed onset of antiretroviral (ARV) treatment. The large number of patients and often poor outcome of treatment could result in compassion fatigue in the nurses. The aim of the current study was to describe the cost of having a relationship with HIV-positive patients on nurses who work in outpatient ARV clinics. A qualitative, single, embedded

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Kudo, Takashi, Daigo Nakazawa, Kanako Watanabe, et al. "P0340CYPD DEFICIENCY AMELIORATES AUTOIMMUNE VASCULITIS IN MOUSE MODEL VIA THE INHIBITION OF PROGRAMMED NECROSIS." Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation 35, Supplement_3 (2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ndt/gfaa144.p0340.

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Abstract Background and Aims Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV) is a necrotizing vasculitis that affects systemic organs. Although the standard immunosuppressive therapy in AAV could control disease activity, these existing treatments have no effect to regulate the necrosis, which could cause the persistent organ damage. ANCA binds to neutrophils, leading to neutrophil extracellular (NETs) formation. The formed NETs induce vascular injury and become auto-antigens against ANCA, resulting in an auto-amplification loop of necrosis and inflammation. NETs work a

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Kuemmerle, Andrea, George Sikalengo, Fiona Vanobberghen, et al. "Recognition and management of clinically significant drug–drug interactions between antiretrovirals and co-medications in a cohort of people living with HIV in rural Tanzania: a prospective questionnaire-based study." Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, August 2, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jac/dkab254.

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Abstract Background The extent to which drug–drug interactions (DDIs) between antiretrovirals (ARVs) and co-medications are recognized and managed has not been thoroughly evaluated in limited-resource settings. Objectives This prospective questionnaire-based study aimed to determine the prevalence and risk factors for unrecognized/incorrectly managed DDIs in people living with HIV followed-up at the Chronic Diseases Clinic of Ifakara (CDCI) and enrolled in the Kilombero and Ulanga Antiretroviral Cohort (KIULARCO). Methods We prospectively included ARV-treated adults receiving ≥1 co-medication

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Mokhtari, Kambiz, Mehrdad Behforouzi, Kais Ali Hassan, SDS Dadwal, and Arife Tugsan Colak. "Vulnerability assessment of offshore terminals in the Sultanate of Oman: The case of a security audit for SPM Terminal of Mina al Fahal." International Journal of Maritime Crime and Security 01, no. 02 (2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.24052/ijmcs/v01is02/art-1.

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Nowadays, the pressure for enhanced attention to critical infrastructure security and the focused concern on threats emanating from both domestic and foreign terrorist groups have fostered new challenges for Petrochemical Seaports and Offshore Terminals (PSOTs). These tendencies dictate to maintain comprehensive security regimens that can be integrated with national and international strategies to support the country’s security against terrorism. Therefore, the need for a Security Risk Management (SRM) programme will be an essential part of the business of running a seaport particularly if the

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