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1
Lodjic, Carl. Jetway Joshua (aka Carl Lewis Lojic): Four score and twenty. Writers Club Press, 2000.
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2
Maraschi, Andrea, and Francesca Tasca. Food, Heresies, and Magical Boundaries in the Middle Ages. Amsterdam University Press, 2024. https://doi.org/10.5117/9789463727969.
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In this book readers will find stories about medieval heresies and “magic” from an unusual perspective: that of food studies. The time span ranges from Late Antiquity to the Late Middle Ages, while the geographical scope includes regions as different as North Africa, Spain, Ireland, continental Europe, the Holy land, and Central Asia. Food, heresies, and magical boundaries in the Middle Ages explores the power of food in creating and breaking down boundaries between different groups, or in establishing a contact with other worlds, be they the occult sides of nature, or the supernatural. The book emphasizes the role of food in crafting and carrying identity, and in transferring virtues and powers of natural elements into the eater’s body. Which foods and drinks made someone a heretic? Could they be purified? Which food offerings forged a connection with the otherworld? Which recipes allowed gaining access to the hidden powers within nature?
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Corti, Claudia, Pietro Lo Cascio, and Marta Biaggini, eds. Mainland and insular lacertid lizards. Firenze University Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-8453-523-8.
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Lacertid lizards have long been a fruitful field of scientific enquiry with many people working on them over the past couple of hundred years. The scope of the field has steadily increased, beginning with taxonomy and anatomy and gradually spreading so that it includes such topics as phylogenetics, behaviour, ecology, and conservation. Since 1992, a series of symposia on lacertid lizards of the Mediterranean basin have taken place every three years. The present volume stems from the 2004 meeting in the Aeolian Islands. In the volume a wide range of island topics are considered, including the systematics of the species concerned, from both morphological and molecular viewpoints, interaction with other taxa, and conservation. The last topic is especially important, as island lizards across the world have often been vulnerable to extinction, after they came into contact with people and the animals they introduced. The volume also has papers on the more positive aspects of human influence, specifically the benign effects of traditional agriculture on at least some reptile species. Olive trees, cork oaks and the banks and walls of loose rocks that crisscross the Mediterranean scene all often contribute to elevated lizard populations. Nor is more basic biology neglected and there are articles on morphology, reproduction, development and thermoregulation. Finally, it is good to see one paper on non-Mediterranean species is included. For, to fully understand the lacertids of this region, it is necessary to appreciate their close relatives in Africa, Asia and the archipelagos of the northeastern Atlantic Ocean. (From Preface by E. Nicholas Arnold & Wolfgang Böhme)
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Investigations, United States Congress House Committee on Education and the Workforce Subcommittee on Oversight and. American Worker Project: Determining the appropriateness of rulemaking at the U.S. Department of Labor--regulatory strategies outside the scope of the Administrative Procedure Act (APA) : hearing before the Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations of the Committee on Education and the Workforce, House of Representatives, One Hundred Fifth Congress, second session, hearing held in Washington, DC, May 8, 1998. U.S. G.P.O., 1998.
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5
United States. Congress. House. Committee on Education and the Workforce. Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations. American Worker Project: Determining the appropriateness of rulemaking at the U.S. Department of Labor--regulatory strategies outside the scope of the Administrative Procedure Act (APA) : hearing before the Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations of the Committee on Education and the Workforce, House of Representatives, One Hundred Fifth Congress, second session, hearing held in Washington, DC, May 8, 1998. U.S. G.P.O., 1998.
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7
Lodjic, Carl. Jetway Joshua Aka Carl Lewis Lodjic: Four Score and Twenty. Writers Club Press, 2001.
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8
Gerontological Nursing: Scope and Standards of Practice (Ana, Geronotological Nursing). Amer Nurses Assn, 2010.
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9
ANA. ANA Pediatrics Certification Resource Package: Scope and Standards of Pediatric Nsg Pract + Nursing: Scope & Standards of Practice. American Nursing Association, 2004.
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10
Target : Israeli children: Scores of Israeli children have been deliberately murdered by Palestinian terrorists. Ministry of Education, 2002.
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Depa, Larisse, Larissa Depa, Crhisllane Vasconcelos, Vagner Fonseca, and Diego Frias. Estudo do uso de códons nos vírus da Dengue, Zika e Chikungunya com foco em terapia por inibição seletiva de tRNAs contra arboviroses. Edited by Diego Mariano. Alfahelix, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.51780/978-6-5992753-3-3.
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O vírus da dengue (DENV), o vírus da Zika (ZIKV) e o vírus da chikungunya (CHIKV) são espécies que apresentam relevância clínica para a saúde pública. Porém, ainda não existe um tratamento específico ou vacina disponível para esses arbovírus. Nesse contexto, é fundamental encontrar novos alvos terapêuticos que possam auxiliar estratégias e tratamentos mais eficientes. A metodologia de codon usage tem demonstrado bons resultados para encontrar alvos para terapias que visam inibidores de tradução. Este estudo buscou analisar o uso de códons e o equilíbrio entre a abundância relativa dos RNAs transportadores (tRNAs) para encontrar alvos terapêuticos que irão estimular novas alternativas de tratamento para infecções causadas pelos DENV, ZIKV e CHIKV. Para tanto, foi replicada uma estratégia computacional, assumindo uma terapia hipotética de inibição seletiva de tRNA (Selective Transport RNA Inhibition Therapy - STRIT), onde foi estabelecido um índice de potencial terapêutico (T-score) para encontrar potenciais espécies de tRNA que poderiam ser inibidas seletivamente para atenuar a replicação viral na célula hospedeira. Foram identificados os cinco códons com maior frequência relativa vírus/hospedeiro (mais relevantes para o vírus) nas seis espécies de arbovírus, notando que todos terminam com purinas A ou G. Os códons GGA (Glicina), AGA (Arginina) e ATA (Isoleucina) são relevantes em todos os flavivirus (ZIKV, DENV-1, DENV-2, DENV-3, DENV-4), mas não no alphavirus CHIKV, onde os códons ACG (Treonina) e CCG (Prolina) são os mais relevantes. Posteriormente, selecionando os cinco códons com maiores T-score nas seis espécies virais (30 códons em total) encontramos apenas 11 códons diferentes, todos terminados com A ou G. Agrupados segundo o nucleotídeo na primeira posição do códon estes 11 códons são: (AGA, ACA, ATA, ACG), (GGA, GCA, GTA, GCG), (CTA, CCG) e (TGG). No agrupamento, notamos outro fato intrigante: que 10 dos 11 códons mais bem ranqueados por T-score, terminam com GA, CA, TA ou CG. Nosso método identificou as espécies de tRNA (através da identificação do códon cognato com maior T-score), cuja inibição funcional por qualquer método específico a anticódon, poderia ter potenciais efeitos terapêuticos em células infectadas pelo vírus da Dengue, Zika e Chikungunya causando a inibição da tradução das proteínas do vírus sem ter um efeito deletério na sobrevivência das células hospedeiras durante o período da infeção. A predominância absoluta dos nucleotídeos A e G na terceira posição dos 11 códons com maior T-score, que por sua vez indica uma preferência dos arbovírus por 11 espécies de tRNA com C ou T na primeira posição do anticódon, abre um novo espaço de pesquisa na interação vírus-hospedeiro.
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ANA. ANA Pediatrics Package: Scope and Standards of Pediatric Nursing Practice + Family-Centered Care; Putting It Into Action. American Nursing Association, 2006.
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13
Corbett, Jack, and Wouter Veenendaal. Democratization and Economic Development. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198796718.003.0002.
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Chapter 2 interrogates modernization theory and the belief that economic growth is key to explaining why democratic regimes rise and fall. Many small states in Africa, the Caribbean, and most significantly the Pacific are poor but retain high Freedom House scores. Conversely, some small states, in Europe in particular, but also Brunei in Asia, tend to be both richer and poorly scored. This demonstrates that while economic performance is clearly relevant to the survival of regimes, the key link is not how wealthy a country is but how elites both utilize their economic resources and narrate the story of their performance. In poorer states, elites keep public expectations low while rewarding loyal followers via practices of clientelism and patronage. In wealthy states, elites link high living standards with regime stability and centralized authority. Thus, the personalization of politics can have unexpected benefits for democratization, especially in small, poorer countries.
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Nadeau, Kathleen, and Sangita Rayamajhi. Women’s Roles in Asia. ABC-CLIO, LLC, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9798216038030.
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This insightful book examines women's lives across Asia, challenging typical stereotypes and providing a fresh look at the changing role of women in various regions of the vast continent. All around the world, women's important role in history has only recently been acknowledged. Asia is no exception. Despite a long record of achievements, women's experiences in South, Southeast, and East Asia go largely untold. This compelling book looks at women's lives in contemporary Asia, and reviews the cultural similarities–and differences–in the patterns and experiences of women across various regions. Women's Roles in Asia examines the full scope of women's lives throughout history, including specific topics such as education, family life, marriage and childbearing, religion, public life, economics, legal status, and literature and the arts. A timeline and introduction provide a backdrop to the events, achievements, and issues that have impacted Asian women from pre-colonial time to the present day.
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Kornicki, Peter Francis. Introduction. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198797821.003.0001.
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The Introduction introduces the themes and scope of this book by problematizing the terms ‘East Asia’, ‘China’, and ‘Chinese’, all of which pose epistemological problems. Here an attempt is also made to unravel the geographic and linguistic terminology that relates to East Asia, including the terms tianxia (all under heaven) and huayi (centre and barbarian) which have for many centuries and over large swathes of East Asia conditioned discourses relating to power, identity, and nation. The names used for Japan, Korea, and Vietnam within those societies and by other societies, particularly China, differed substantially over time, so the significance of these differences needs to be established at the outset. Finally, the questions that are to be answered in this book are laid out along with the approaches to be taken to answer them.
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Costales, Jesse, Silvia De Rubeis, Jennifer Foss-Feig, Patrick R. Hof, Joseph D. Buxbaum, and Alexander Kolezvon. Neurobiology of Autism Spectrum Disorder and Intellectual Disability. Edited by Dennis S. Charney, Eric J. Nestler, Pamela Sklar, and Joseph D. Buxbaum. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190681425.003.0063.
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Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is defined by impairments in social communication, along with the presence of restricted and repetitive behaviors. Approximately half of affected children also suffer from intellectual disability (ID), which is defined by cognitive and adaptive functioning at least two standard deviations below the mean (e.g., standard scores <70). It is now well established that genetic factors are major contributors to both ASD and ID. The following chapter will outline emerging themes and integrate data from human and animal studies using genetic, imaging, and histopathological methods. Emerging findings from studies of the immune system and the microbiome will also be briefly reviewed.
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Jain, B. M. South Asia Conundrum. The Rowman … Littlefield Publishing Group, 2019. https://doi.org/10.5040/9781978730564.
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South Asia Conundrum offers fresh ideas and enlightening narratives about how geopolitical and geostrategic entanglements of extra-regional powers, notably the United States, Russia and China, in South Asia and its extended neighborhood have transformed the Af-Pak region into a theater of unending conflict and political instability. The book addresses and illuminates the impending challenges and evaluates policy options before the Trump administration and US allies in dealing with the Afghan imbroglio. The book argues how the emerging strategic alliance among Russia, Iran, China and Pakistan has not only constrained US options in the region but has also constricted the US role and influence in South Asia, Afghanistan, and Central Asia. South Asian Conundrum further illustrates how the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC), a part of Beijing’s mega Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), constitutes a direct challenge to economic and security interests of India and the United States in the region. The scope of the book is not exclusively limited to South Asia. Its geostrategic and geo-economic ramifications are much larger and deeper in global and regional contexts, involving the Greater Middle East Asia, the triangular Russian-Chinese and Iranian strategic partnership, and the long term fallout of CPEC and China’s BRI on global political and economic architecture.
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De Clercq, Karen. Syncretisms and the Morphosyntax of Negation. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190876746.003.0007.
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This chapter illustrates how syncretisms can be used as a tool to diagnose hidden structure inside what is usually considered an indivisible unit, i.e. a negative marker. Based on semantic, scopal, stacking, and functional properties of negative markers, it is proposed that negative markers can be classified in four groups: scalar quantity markers, classifier markers, focus markers, and tense markers. A study of these four different types of markers in a typological sample shows that meaningful syncretism patterns can be detected. If the markers are ordered in such a way that syncretic markers are contiguous and that no ABA patterns arise, then the derived sequence reflects the natural semantic scope of negation, i.e. from wide to narrow scope or from narrow to wide. This result leads to a decomposition of a negative marker into five syntactico-semantic features, i.e. Neg, Q, Class, Foc, and T.
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Clarke, Michael, ed. Terrorism and Counter-Terrorism in China. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190922610.001.0001.
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China's problem with terrorism has historically been considered an outgrowth of Beijing's efforts to integrate the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region into the People's Republic of China. Since the end of the Cold War, however, this internal dynamic has converged with an evolving external environment, stimulating the development of linkages between Uyghur separatism and terrorism and broader terrorist movements in Central Asia, South Asia and the Middle East. This book brings together some of the leading experts on Chinese terrorism, offering the first systematic, scholarly assessment of the country's approaches to this threat. Four areas of investigation are looked at: the scope and nature of terrorism in China and its connection with developments in other regions; the development of legislative measures to combat terrorism; the institutional evolution of China's counter-terrorism bureaucracy; and Beijing's counter-terrorism cooperation with international partners.
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Nolan, Cathal J., ed. Notable U.S. Ambassadors Since 1775. Greenwood Publishing Group, Inc., 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9798400692215.
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This book spans more than 200 years of U.S. diplomatic history. Its geographical scope widens along with the expanding interests of America itself, from initial exclusive concern with the empires of Europe, to the emerging nations of Latin America, to the commercial opportunities and geopolitical concerns of Asia and Africa. The ambassadors chosen for inclusion reflect these historical changes in American foreign relations. Organized alphabetically, the biographies present an implicit account of the evolution of the U.S. diplomatic service, from its founding and early principles through the 20th century evolution of its habits and culture.
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Gujar, G., Y. Andi Trisyono, and Mao Chen, eds. Genetically Modified Crops in Asia Pacific. CSIRO Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/9781486310913.
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Meeting future food needs without compromising environmental integrity is a central challenge for agriculture globally but especially for the Asia Pacific region – where 60% of the global population, including some of the world’s poorest, live on only 30% of the land mass. To guarantee the food security of this and other regions, growers worldwide are rapidly adopting genetically modified (GM) crops as the forerunner to protect against many biotic and abiotic stresses. Asia Pacific countries play an important role in this, with India, China and Pakistan appearing in the top 10 countries with acreage of GM crops, primarily devoted to Bt cotton. 
 
 Genetically Modified Crops in Asia Pacific discusses the progress of GM crop adoption across the Asia Pacific region over the past two decades, including research, development, adoption and sustainability, as well as the cultivation of insect resistant Bt brinjal, drought-tolerant sugarcane, late blight resistant potato and biotech rice more specific to this region. Regulatory efforts of the Asia Pacific member nations to ensure the safety of GM crops to both humans and the environment are also outlined to provide impetus in other countries initiating biotech crops. The authors also probe into some aspects of gene editing and nanobiotechnology to expand the scope into next generation GM crops, including the potential to grow crops in acidic soil, reduce methane production, remove poisonous elements from plants and improve overall nutritional quality.
 
 Genetically Modified Crops in Asia Pacific provides a comprehensive reference not only for academics, researchers and private sectors in crop systems but also policy makers in the Asia Pacific region. Beyond this region, readers will benefit from understanding how GM crops have been integrated into many different countries and, in particular, the effects of the take-up of GM cropping systems by farmers with different socioeconomic backgrounds.
 
 
 
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Denecke, Wiebke, and Nam Nguyen. Shared Literary Heritage in the East Asian Sinographic Sphere. Edited by Wiebke Denecke, Wai-Yee Li, and Xiaofei Tian. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199356591.013.33.
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This chapter traces the origins and nature of the shared literary heritage in the East Asian “Sinographic Sphere,” namely China, Korea, Japan, and Vietnam, focusing on developments before the early modern period, in keeping with the temporal and thematic scope of this handbook. It explores modes of cross-cultural communication and textual culture conditioned by the Chinese script, including gloss-reading techniques, “brush talk,” and biliteracy; surveys shared political and social institutions and literary practices, sustained by the flourishing book trade; and touches on the rise of vernacular literatures, the dynamic between Literary Chinese and local vernaculars, and the role of women. With the recent death of Literary Chinese as the lingua franca of East Asia we are facing a new phase in world history. The Chinese-style literatures of East Asia point to cultural commonalities and tell stories of creative engagement with Chinese literary history that offer insights about Chinese literature.
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The Sumerian poem Enmerkar and En-suhkes-ana: epic, play, or?: Stage craft at the turn from the third to the second millennium B.C. with a score-edition and a translation of the text. American Oriental Society, 2012.
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Thachuk, Kimberely L., ed. Transnational Threats. Praeger, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9798216027294.
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This collection of essays demonstrates how the security of Americans is potentially threatened by individuals and governments who are engaged in the illicit trade in arms, drugs, and human beings in distant parts of the globe. More than just a threat to Americans, the essays underscore that these activities are often detrimental to the United States interests around the world due to the destabilizing impact that each activity can have on a nation or region. More revealing is how terrorists benefit from this illegal trade, generating critical sources of funding used for everything from recruiting to procurement of weapons and explosives of all types to extend and expand the scope of their struggle. The scope of this work is truly global. Fourteen essays touch on prevailing problems from the Balkans to Southeast Asia and the Pacific; from Africa to the Caribbean, and more. In each essay, the authors explore a problem that not only has direct regional repercussions, but larger international ones as well. The essays present problems that result from these illegal activities as a global epidemic, not simply regionalized problems.
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Baderin, Mashood A. Islamic Law: A Very Short Introduction. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/actrade/9780199665594.001.0001.
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Islamic Law: A Very Short Introduction examines the evolution, nature, and theory of Islamic law, incorporating both classical and modern scholarly perspectives. Islamic law is one of the world’s major legal systems, yet it is often misunderstood, particularly in the West. It is applicable in different forms as part of state law in countries across the Middle East, Asia, and Africa, and has a strong influence on Muslim communities throughout the Western world. This VSI traces the history of Islamic jurisprudence. It covers its scope—including family law, inheritance law, financial law, penal law, and international law—and its practice, providing an overview of this key legal system.
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Bogner, Artur, Reinhart Kößler, Rüdiger Korff, and Henning Melber, eds. Die Welt aus der Perspektive der Entwicklungssoziologie. Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/9783748906681.
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In line with the encyclopaedic scope of development sociology, this book offers perspectives on key issues relating to societal processes. These encompass the shaping of everyday life, intergenerational relations in diverse societies, fine-grained comparative analyses of trajectories of violence and the impact of urbanisation in conceptions of freedom. Furthermore, the book discusses issues relating to social structure with particular emphasis on the debate on ‘African middle classes’. Besides presenting case studies from Africa, South East Asia and Europe, it also addresses fundamental issues from sociology. With contributions by Erdmute Alber, Artur Bogner, Antje Daniel, Mamadou Diawara, Gerhard Hauck, Reinhart Kößler, Rüdiger Korff, Roman Loimeier, Henning Melber, Matthias Neef, Matthew Sabbi, Rachel Spronk, Florian Stoll, Alexander Stroh-Steckelberg
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O'Brien, Patrick Karl. Industrialization. Edited by Jerry H. Bentley. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199235810.013.0018.
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Industrialization refers to an economic transformation that is recent and different in scale and scope from the mere making of artifacts and has involved the rapid rise in the significance of manufacturing in relation to all other forms of production and work undertaken within national economies. This article discusses the many facets of industrialization: industrialization as a historical process; the present tendencies and future trends in global diffusion; inter-sectoral connections; international relations and the global context; and industrialization on a global scale over the very long run. In the twenty-first century success seems to require new and different political and social capabilities that are already shifting the concentrations of industrial activity away from Europe and North America and back to Asia.
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List, Ana's Personalized Hit. Ana's Hit List: A Funny Personalized Lined Notebook for Women Named Ana a Sarcastic Snarky Novelty Lined Notebook Office Gag Gift Idea with a Rifle Scope Target Reticle Sight on the Cover. Independently Published, 2020.
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Aikhenvald, Alexandra Y., and Elena I. Mihas, eds. Genders and Classifiers. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198842019.001.0001.
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Every language has some means of categorizing objects into humans, or animates, or by their shape, form, size, and function. The most wide-spread are linguistic genders—grammatical classes of nouns based on core semantic properties such as sex (female and male), animacy, humanness, and also shape and size. Classifiers of several types also serve to categorize entities. Numeral classifiers occur with number words, possessive classifiers appear in the expressions of possession, and verbal classifiers are used on a verb, categorizing its argument. Genders and classifiers of varied types can occur together. Their meanings reflect beliefs and traditions, and in many ways mirror the ways in which speakers view the ever-changing reality. This volume elaborates on the expression, usage, history, and meanings of noun categorization devices, exploring their various facets across the languages of South America and Asia, known for the diversity of their noun categorization. The volume starts with a typological introduction outlining the types of noun categorization devices, their expression, scope, and functions, in addition to the socio-cultural aspects of their use, and their development. It is followed by revised versions of eight papers focussing on gender and classifier systems in two areas of high diversity—South America (with a focus on Amazonia) and Asia.
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Jin, Dal Yong, Kyong Yoon, and Wonjung Min. Transnational Hallyu. The Rowman & Littlefield Publishing Group, 2021. https://doi.org/10.5040/9798881818180.
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While the influence of Western, Anglophone popular culture has continued in the global cultural market, the Korean cultural industry has substantially developed and globally exported its various cultural products, such as television programs, pop music, video games and films. The global circulation of Korean popular culture is known as the Korean wave, or Hallyu. Given its empirical scope and theoretical contributions, this book will be highly appealing to any scholar or student interested in media globalization and contemporary Asia popular culture. These chapters present the evolution of Hallyu as a transnational process and addresses two distinctive aspects of the recent Hallyu phenomenon - digital technology integration and global reach. This book will be the first monograph to comprehensively and comparatively examine the translational flows of Hallyu through extensive field studies conducted in the US, Canada, Chile, Spain and Germany.
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Forsyth, Rob, and Richard Newton. Neurodiagnostic tools. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198784449.003.0002.
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This chapter explains the principles of how best to use the main diagnostic tools in paediatric neurology in the context of evidence-based medicine. The description of neuroradiology includes the principles of DWI, SWI, MRS, ASL and fMRI, and the usefulness of ultrasound, CT and PET scanning; neuroradiological anatomy, terminology, common incidental findings and normal myelination patterns. An approach to white matter and developmental brain abnormalities is depicted. Neurogenetic testing discusses the capabilities and limitations of microarray for Comparative Genomic Hybridization (copy-number variants), gene panel testing, and whole exome and whole genome next generation sequencing. The chapter offers the theory, practicality and pitfalls of electroencephalography, peripheral neurophysiology and evoked potential testing. Common practical procedures are described, including lumbar puncture, muscle biopsy and shunt tapping with an understanding of the place of special investigations on CSF, blood, urine, and skin. The scope of neuropsychological testing is described.
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Koskenniemi, Martti. International Law and Religion. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198805878.003.0001.
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This chapter introduces the themes and the chapters of the book. It points out that there has been no clear tradition of research on the relations of ‘international law’ and ‘religion’. Hence, for the production of this work, there was no stable ground. The editors have tried to avoid pronouncing on the value of ‘more’ or ‘less’ intense engagement between international law and religion; instead the point has been to focus the various, often hidden forms of their alliance. Any study of ‘religion’ and ‘international law’ must confront the fact that both terms are complex wholes of ideas and practices whose scope and meaning is contested by people most intimately connected to them. Even to ask the question of the ‘relationship of international law and religion’ is scarcely more than to gesture towards further inquiries and research agendas about how each entity should be best approached.
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Clarke, Katherine. Mapping Out the World. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198820437.003.0002.
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Starting from the well-known episode in which Aristagoras presents a map of the world to Cleomenes of Sparta in a bid to persuade him to collaborate against Persia, this chapter explores Herodotus’ presentation of different ‘layers’ of geographical space, ranging from the edges of the earth and the encircling Ocean, through the vast scope of continents and geographical symmetries, through patterning sequences such as the interconnected seas stretching from Asia to the Atlantic, then down through various types of ‘travelled space’. First of these is the world as experienced by armies on the march, then the world of recreational travellers in search of enlightenment or pleasure. Lastly, the geographical picture evoked by lists within the narrative is considered. Throughout, the focus is on illuminating the detailed picture drawn by Herodotus from his authorial distance, but incorporating many different viewpoints to create a complex and subtle sense of geography.
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Chun, Clayton K. S. Thunder over the Horizon. Praeger, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9798216025856.
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In this general history of the development of rockets and missiles, Chun traces the technology that made attack from beyond the horizon possible. A former missile launch officer, he focusess not only on the development and employment of the ballistic missile—from early German V-2 use to today—but on their subsequent impact on national strategies, doctrine, force structure, and politics. The development of ballistic missiles and nuclear warheads had a profound impact on superpower rivalries and structured international relations for decades. The advent of the ballistic missile changed the way nations believed war was to be fought in the future. Ballistic missiles (land based and submarine-launched) are now global in scope. Accordingly, the book covers Russia, China, North Korea, South Asia, and the Middle East. It details actual use in combat, as well as current countermeasures and future missile defense systems. In this general history of the development of rockets and missiles, Chun traces the technology that made attack from beyond the horizon possible. A former missile launch officer, he focuses not only on the development and employment of the ballistic missile—from early German V-2 use to today—but on their subsequent impact on national strategies, doctrine, force structure, and politics. The development of ballistic missiles and nuclear warheads had a profound impact on superpower rivalries and structured international relations for decades. The advent of the ballistic missile changed the way nations believed war was to be fought in the future. Ballistic missiles (land based and submarine-launched) are now global in scope. Accordingly, the book covers Russia, China, North Korea, South Asia, and the Middle East. It details actual use in combat, as well as current countermeasures and future missile defense systems. The ballistic missile is still a relevant weapon system. Advancements in miniaturization, spread of technology, availability of weapons of mass destruction, desire to gain strategic advantage among rivals, and other concerns have stimulated the growth of interested parties that either have or are able to build ballistic missiles. Tracing the development and issues regarding such missiles serves as a primer on these complex systems, and explains why international parties are still concerned about their proliferation.
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Pisters, Patricia. New Blood in Contemporary Cinema. Edinburgh University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474466950.001.0001.
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Since the new millennium, a growing number of female filmmakers have appropriated horror aesthetics for their films. In this book Patricia Pisters investigates contemporary women directors such as Ngozi Onwurah, Claire Denis, Lucile Hadžihalilović and Ana Lily Amirpour, who put ‘a poetics of horror’ to new use in their work. In this way they expand the range of perspectives relating to gendered as well as racialized themes of the horror genre. Exploring such themes as rage, trauma, sexuality, family ties and politics New Blood in Contemporary Cinema takes avenging women, bloody vampires, lustful witches, scary mothers, terrifying offspring and female Frankensteins. By following a red trail of blood, the book illuminates a new generation of women directors who have turned the camera inward to reveal mental landscapes of pain and sorrow that translates in a poetics and aesthetics of horror, thus enlarging the general scope and stretch the emotional spectrum of the genre.
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Gulddal, Jesper, Stewart King, and Alistair Rolls, eds. The Cambridge Companion to World Crime Fiction. Cambridge University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/9781108614344.
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Accessible yet comprehensive, this first systematic account of crime fiction across the globe offers a deep and thoroughly nuanced understanding of the genre's transnational history. Offering a lucid account of the major theoretical issues and comparative perspectives that constitute world crime fiction, this book introduces readers to the international crime fiction publishing industry, the translation and circulation of crime fiction, international crime fiction collections, the role of women in world crime fiction, and regional forms of crime fiction. It also illuminates the past and present of crime fiction in various supranational regions across the world, including East and South Asia, the Arab World, Sub-Saharan Africa, Europe and Scandinavia, as well as three spheres defined by a shared language, namely the Francophone, Lusophone, and Hispanic worlds. Thoroughly-researched and broad in scope, this book is as valuable for general readers as for undergraduate and postgraduate students of popular fiction and world literature.
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Ling, Johan, Richard Chacon, and Kristian Kristiansen, eds. Trade before Civilization. Cambridge University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/9781009086547.
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Trade before Civilization explores the role that long-distance exchange played in the establishment and/or maintenance of social complexity, and its role in the transformation of societies from egalitarian to non-egalitarian. Bringing together research by an international and methodologically diverse team of scholars, it analyses the relationship between long-distance trade and the rise of inequality. The volume illustrates how elites used exotic prestige goods to enhance and maintain their elevated social positions in society. Global in scope, it offers case studies of early societies and sites in Europe, Asia, Oceania, North America, and Mesoamerica. Deploying a range of inter-disciplinary and cutting-edge theoretical approaches from a cross-cultural framework, the volume offers new insights and enhances our understanding of socio-political evolution. It will appeal to archaeologists, cultural anthropologists, conflict theorists, and ethnohistorians, as well as economists seeking to understand the nexus between imported luxury items and cultural evolution.
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Smith, Benjamin. Comparing Separatism across Regions. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190846374.003.0010.
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This chapter outlines the rationales for studying separatist conflicts across multiple regions through comparative area studies (CAS). It examines why some ethnic minorities are able to sustain broad challenges to their governments while others fail. Post-imperial ethnic region partitions, while relatively uncommon, are central to this question and demand an inquiry of cross-regional scope. Beginning with the division of interwar Kurdistan into parts of Iran, Iraq, Syria, and Turkey, the author extends the theoretical framework to similar border creations in Balochistan (Southwest Asia) and the Tuareg region (North Africa). The comparisons of four Kurdish minorities, of the Kurdish groups to three groups in Balochistan and five Tuareg regions, and of Kurdish nationalism with that of Aceh, speak to the methodological benefits of CAS. The historical depth and spatial breadth of CAS allows for simultaneous context-sensitive comparisons of groups and regions, while generating fresh insights into variations in the level of separatist mobilization.
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Zhang, Luping. The Resolution of Inter-State Disputes in Civil Aviation. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192849274.001.0001.
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This book investigates dispute resolution mechanisms in international civil aviation, with a primary focus on the functions of the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) Council. The Convention on International Civil Aviation (Chicago Convention) has laid the foundation for dispute resolution mechanisms in international civil aviation, which led to the creation of ICAO. However, economic regulations have been left out from the Chicago Convention. Over the years there has been a proliferation of bilateral air services agreements (ASAs) and the multiplication of multilateral treaties. With the advancement of the aviation technology, this book considers whether dispute resolution mechanisms should be modernized, and if so, what form such modernization might take. The book is divided into five chapters. Chapter 1 provides an introduction and defines the scope of the research. Chapter 2 is an empirical chapter, which traces the evolution of dispute resolution clauses under both multilateral air law treaties and bilateral ASAs with the most updated data collected to date. Chapter 3 analyses how disputes brought to the fora designated under the treaties in Chapter 2 are resolved in practice. The fourth chapter builds on the empirical evidence provided in Chapters 2 and 3 to critically assess the political and legal means that are involved in the settlement of international aviation disputes. The final chapter proposes reforms on the basis of the lessons learnt in the previous chapters and introduces proposals for amending rules of procedures in the ICAO as well as establishing a new arbitral institution.
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Mandelbaum, Michael. The Titans of the Twentieth Century. Oxford University PressNew York, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197782477.001.0001.
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Abstract The Titans of the Twentieth Century addresses an age-old question: What is the impact of individuals on history? The first half of the twentieth century offered political leaders enormous scope for changing the world. This book examines the lives of eight individuals who, for better and for worse, did just that. Woodrow Wilson had a vision for a cooperative world order that failed after the First World War but gained in influence after the Second. Vladimir Ilich Lenin founded the totalitarian communist political system that controlled a large part of the planet for much of the twentieth century. Adolf Hitler started history’s worst war and presided over history’s worst atrocity, the Holocaust. Winston Churchill provided inspiring leadership to Great Britain, which made it possible to defeat Nazi Germany in World War II. Franklin D. Roosevelt steered the United States through the Great Depression and the Second World War. Mohandas Gandhi led the movement, and developed the philosophy of nonviolence, that ended British rule in South Asia, paving the way for the end of empires throughout Asia and Africa. David Ben-Gurion led the miraculous restoration of Jewish sovereignty in the Holy Land. Mao Zedong imposed totalitarian communist rule on China and became history’s most egregious mass murderer. Individually each chapter offers fresh and often surprising portraits of the twentieth century’s Titans. Collectively the chapters present a vivid and revealing portrait of a turbulent half-century that shaped the world of today.
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Gootenberg, Paul, ed. The Oxford Handbook of Global Drug History. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190842642.001.0001.
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Drugs and their illicit use have long fascinated writers and the reading public. Informed by new interdisciplinary perspectives, a growing number of academically trained historians are now approaching drugs as a fresh topic for serious research. This OUP Handbook of Global Drug History is the first major attempt by historians of drugs to take stock of the recent progress and directions of this academic field, utilizing both a global scope and long-term lens. The thirty-five original contributions here simultaneously survey what is known historically about drugs across the world (in Europe, the Americas, Asia, and Africa) and illustrate their increasingly global interconnections. The ever-changing human relationship with drugs, while going back millennia, became consolidated across the early modern world. These longer drug histories converged globally with the nineteenth-century rise of modern pariah drugs; with the dramatic twentieth-century shift to illicit drugs and global prohibitions; and emerging twenty-first century possibilities for rethinking the social, health, and policy approaches to global drug trafficking and use.
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Boken, Vijendra K., Arthur P. Cracknell, and Ronald L. Heathcote. Monitoring and Predicting Agricultural Drought. Oxford University Press, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195162349.001.0001.
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Agricultural droughts affect whole societies, leading to higher food costs, threatened economies, and even famine. In order to mitigate such effects, researchers must first be able to monitor them, and then predict them; however no book currently focuses on accurate monitoring or prediction of these devastating kinds of droughts. To fill this void, the editors of Monitoring and Predicting Agricultural Drought have assembled a team of expert contributors from all continents to make a global study, describing biometeorological models and monitoring methods for agricultural droughts. These models and methods note the relationships between precipitation, soil moisture, and crop yields, using data gathered from conventional and remote sensing techniques. The coverage of the book includes probabilistic models and techniques used in America, Europe and the former USSR, Africa, Asia, and Australia, and it concludes with coverage of climate change and resultant shifts in agricultural productivity, drought early warning systems, and famine mitigation. This will be an essential collection for those who must advise governments or international organizations on the current scope, likelihood, and impact of agricultural droughts. Sponsored by the World Meterological Organization
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Hawes, Greta, ed. Myths on the Map. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198744771.001.0001.
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The spatial turn in the humanities has fuelled new ways of thinking about landscape as a lived environment which is radically affected by human hands and human minds, and which radically affects human experience. At the same time, scholars of Greek myth have become more sensitive to the contextual dynamics which animate the mythic tradition, having come to see storytelling as an activity which is both precisely situated in, and contingent on, its environment. This volume, which derives in part from the series of Bristol International Myth Conferences, brings together 15 chapters on the spatiality of Greek myth and its interrelationships with the landscapes of the Mediterranean. It displays the myriad ways in which Greek storytelling shaped, and was shaped by, its environment. The chapters display diverse approaches and introduce a wide range of material, taking in Greek poetic, geographical, mythographical, and historiographical texts, and archaeological and visual sources. Chronologically, they cover the full scope of Greek antiquity from the archaic period to the imperial period; geographically, they incorporate discussions of landscapes in mainland Greece, Magna Graecia, and Asia Minor.
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Petersen, Robert. Comics, Manga, and Graphic Novels. ABC-CLIO, LLC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9798400628856.
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This text examines comics, graphic novels, and manga with a broad, international scope that reveals their conceptual origins in antiquity. Graphic narrative art is a fascinating phenomenon that emerged centuries ago with the expansion of literacy and the publication industry. The earliest example of a repeating comic character dates back to the late 1700s. By following the growth of print technology in Europe and Asia, it is possible to understand how and why artists across cultures developed different strategies for telling stories with pictures. This book is much more than a history of graphic narrative across the globe. It examines broader conceptual developments that preceded the origins of comics and graphic novels; how those ideas have evolved over the last century and a half; how literacy, print technology, and developments in narrative art are interrelated; and the way graphic narratives communicate culturally significant stories. The work of artists such as William Hogarth, J. J. Grandville, Willhem Busch, Frans Masereel, Max Ernst, Saul Steinberg, Henry Darger, and Larry Gonick are discussed or depicted.
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Martin, Andrew R., and Matthew Mihalka, eds. Music around the World. ABC-CLIO, LLC, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9798400688508.
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With entries on topics ranging from non-Western instruments to distinctive rhythms of music from various countries, this one-stop resource on global music also promotes appreciation of other countries and cultural groups. A perfect resource for students and music enthusiasts alike, this expansive three-volume set provides readers with multidisciplinary perspectives on the music of countries and ethnic groups from around the globe. Students will findMusic around the World: A Global Encyclopediaaccessible and useful in their research, not only for music history and music appreciation classes but also for geography, social studies, language studies, and anthropology. Additionally, general readers will find the books appealing and an invaluable general reference on world music. The volumes cover all world regions, including the Americas, Europe, Africa and the Middle East, and Asia and the Pacific, promoting a geographic understanding and appreciation of global music. Entries are arranged alphabetically. A preface explains the scope of the set as well as how to use the encyclopedia, followed by a brief history of traditional music and important current influences of music in each particular world region.
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Thomas, Pradip Ninan. The Politics of Digital India. Edited by Adrian Athique, Vibodh Parthasarathi, and S. V. Srinivas. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199494620.001.0001.
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Transforming India into a digital state has been an objective of successive governments in India. However, the digital, by its very nature, is a capricious, multi-dimensional entity. Its operationalization across multiple sectors in India has highlighted the fact that the digital compact with publics in India is a two-edged sword. On the one hand, devices such as mobile phones have enabled access and efficiencies, and on the other, they have increased the scope for surveillance capitalism and the expansion of governmentality. The digital is at the same time a resource, commodity, and process that is absolutely fundamental to most if not all productive forces across multiple sectors. As a part of the Media Dynamics in South Asia series, this volume explores the making of digital India and specifically deals with the contradictions of an imperfect democracy, internal compulsions, and external pressures that continue to play crucial roles in the shaping of the same. Mindful of the key roles played by political economy and context and based on conversations with theory and practice, it makes a case for critical understanding of the digital embrace in India.
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Tucker, Spencer C. Great Sieges in World History. ABC-CLIO, LLC, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9798400659195.
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This impressive collection of 100 of the most decisive and important sieges spans human history and covers conflicts in Africa, Asia, Europe, and the Americas. This engaging reference work provides readers with detailed coverage on the sieges that have had the biggest impact on world history. In addition to providing basic factual information, this encyclopedia delves into the historical context and significance of each siege. Readers will be able to identify relationships between entries and observe both the gradual evolution of siege warfare over time, and compare and contrast siege characteristics within and among different historical time periods. The encyclopedia's expansive scope will broaden readers' understanding of military history. The book begins with a preface and an introductory essay that offers a detailed overview of siege warfare throughout history. This is followed by 100 chronological entries on the most significant sieges, beginning with the Siege of Troy (1194–1184 BCE) and ending with the Siege of Mosul (October 17, 2016-July 9, 2017). Each siege entry has a Further Reading section that directs readers to additional information about the siege. Numerous illustrations and maps accompany the text.
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Greenhill, Pauline, Liz Locke, and Theresa Vaughan, eds. Encyclopedia of Women's Folklore and Folklife. Greenwood, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9798216037835.
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From the stone age to the cyber age, women and men have experienced the world differently. Out of a cosmos of goddesses and she-devils, earth mothers and madonnas, witches and queens, saints and whores, a vast body of women's folklore has come into bloom. International in scope and drawing on more than 130 expert contributors, this encyclopedia reviews the myths, traditions, and beliefs central to women's daily lives. More than 260 alphabetically arranged entries cover the lore of women across time, space, and life. Students of history, religion and spirituality, healing and traditional medicine, literature, and world cultures will value this encyclopedia as an indispensable guide to women's folklore. In addition, there are entries on women's folklore and folklife in 15 regions of the world, such as the Caribbean, Central Asia, the Middle East, and Western Europe. Entries provide cross-references and cite works for further reading, and the encyclopedia closes with a selected bibliography of print and electronic resources. Students learning about history, world cultures, religion and spirituality, healing and traditional medicine, and literature will welcome this companion to the daily life of women across time and continents.
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Zhuang, Yue, Alasdair Forbes, and Michael Charlesworth, eds. Garden Retreat in Asia and Europe. Bloomsbury Publishing Plc, 2025. https://doi.org/10.5040/9781350447417.
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The Garden Retreat in Asia and Europeexplores the meaning of gardens and designed landscapes as places of retreat and refuge in times of need or emergency. In the current times of war, pandemic, climate change, and global anxiety, the value of the garden as a sanctuary, a space where we can find refuge in a natural environment, has taken on new and poignant meanings and has attracted increasing academic interest. Multidisciplinary and multicultural in scope, this book examines perspectives from scholars including art historians, architects, philosophers, landscape architects and garden practitioners, reassess the importance of the garden as a foil to abiding and contemporary concerns and predicaments, whether understood from an individual, cultural or environmental point of view. Ranging widely across Asia and Europe, its chapters examine ideas, narratives and practices from the 4th-century Chinese poet Tao Yuanming, to the 12th century Iranian polymath Omar Khayyam, through to the late 20th-century British artist and film-maker Derek Jarman. Drawing upon traditional Asian philosophies like Buddhism, Daoism and Sufism and combining these with more recent western philosophies, the aim is to question how the unique virtues of gardens and designed landscapes can help to poise, educate, and possibly transform attitudes and behaviours in a time of personal, environmental, or cultural crisis. At once poetic, scholarly, and rigorous, this book provides insightful reading for students and researchers in landscape architecture, garden history, architectural history, art history, and cultural history. The Garden Retreat in Asia and Europe: Ways of Dwelling in a Torn World revisits the meaning of the garden as a retreat in a time of need or emergency. From both Eastern and Western perspectives, and with reference to a wide variety of garden environments, both ancient and modern, a multi-disciplinary team of scholars and garden practitioners reassess the importance of the garden as a constructive foil to abiding and contemporary concerns and predicaments, whether understood from an individual, cultural or environmental point of view. Our points of reference range from England and Sweden to Iran and China. The aim is to question how the unique virtues of the garden environment can help to poise, educate, and possibly transform attitudes and behaviours, even, and perhaps especially, in a time of personal, cultural or global crisis.
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Robins, Jonathan E. Oil Palm. University of North Carolina Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5149/northcarolina/9781469662893.001.0001.
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Oil palms are ubiquitous-grown in nearly every tropical country, they supply the world with more edible fat than any other plant and play a role in scores of packaged products, from lipstick and soap to margarine and cookies. And as Jonathan E. Robins shows, sweeping social transformations carried the plant around the planet. First brought to the global stage in the holds of slave ships, palm oil became a quintessential commodity in the Industrial Revolution. Imperialists hungry for cheap fat subjugated Africa’s oil palm landscapes and the people who worked them. In the twentieth century, the World Bank promulgated oil palm agriculture as a panacea to rural development in Southeast Asia and across the tropics. As plantation companies tore into rainforests, evicting farmers in the name of progress, the oil palm continued its rise to dominance, sparking new controversies over trade, land and labor rights, human health, and the environment. By telling the story of the oil palm across multiple centuries and continents, Robins demonstrates how the fruits of an African palm tree became a key commodity in the story of global capitalism, beginning in the eras of slavery and imperialism, persisting through decolonization, and stretching to the present day.