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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Ascites'
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1
Curutchet, Elisabeth. "Les ascites pancréatiques : à propos d'un cas d'ascite chez un malade porteur d'une pancréatite chronique." Bordeaux 2, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989BOR25134.
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Jeandroz-Madec, Véronique. "Les ascites tuberculeuses : à propos de dix observations, actualité et perspectives." Bordeaux 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992BOR23123.
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Benesse, Patrick. "Anastomose porto-cave intrahépathique par voie transjugulaire dans l'ascite réfractaire : à propos de 9 cas." Bordeaux 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993BOR2M192.
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Arthaud, Anne. "Physiopathologie et diagnostic biologique des ascites cirrhotiques et de leurs complications infectieuses." Paris 5, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA05P021.
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Serste, Thomas. "Identification de facteurs pronostiques délétères dans la cirrhose compliquée d'ascite réfractaire." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209663.
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Cirrhosis is characterized by the progressive development of portal hypertension. Portal hypertension, associated with sodium retention, leads to the formation of ascites. Ascites may be difficult to treat and, thereby, become "refractory". To date, the mortality of patients with refractory ascites remains high. In order to offer patients adequate treatment, it is important to identify complications that may develop and the factors of good and poor prognosis affecting their survival. One can retain five specific complications of cirrhosis with ascites: hepatorenal syndrome, spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, paracentesis induced circulatory dysfunction, hepatic hydrothorax and dilutional hyponatremia. This thesis reported an update of pathogenesis, complications and treatment of refractory ascites. Our original clinical research has, meanwhile, focused on the identification of different prognostic factors in refractory ascites in direct relation to these five complications. We have focused on the effect of the administration of beta blockers in patients with refractory ascites: this treatment is widely prescribed for prevention of gastrointestinal bleeding. It is associated in these patients with higher mortality and a high incidence of paracentesis induced circulatory dysfunction. We specified that the severe hyponatremia, leading to withhold diuretic therapy, is a more accurate prognostic factor than the MELDNa score in refractory ascites. With regard to the hepatorenal syndrome of slow onset (type 2), we emphasized the high frequency of this syndrome in refractory ascites. We showed that there was an association between the level of portal hypertension and the incidence of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. Furthermore, we demonstrated that the presence of bacterial DNA in ascites of outpatients suffering from refractory ascites was particularly low. The detection of this DNA is not a precursor to infection of ascites. In conclusion, with a systematic analysis of various prognostic factors related to complications of ascites in cirrhotic patients, this work gives a better understanding of their chances of survival. This will allow a more adequate stratification in the decision trees for a cure of the disease such as liver transplantation.<br>Doctorat en Sciences médicales<br>info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
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Bell, Mary Siobhan. "Malignancy antigens of the Erlich ascites cell." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.317049.
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Navarro-Martínez, Pau. "Genetic studies of ascites in broiler populations." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/15495.
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Continuous genetic improvement of growth and conformation traits in broiler populations has coincided with an increase in defects in heart and lung function. These defects have led to an increased incidence of metabolic disorders such as ascites (AS) (or pulmonary hypertension), a functional hypoxia. The incidence of AS in well-managed flocks is low, but it nonetheless causes important economic losses to the breeding industry and is an important issue from a welfare standpoint. The aim of this thesis was to study the genetics of AS-related quantitative traits. A low blood oxygen saturation (SaO) value is a good indicator of AS susceptibility. The existence of substantial genetic (polygenic) variation for SaO was demonstrated for four meat-type chicken lines. Estimates of heritabilities for SaO ranged from 0.1 to 0.2 and additive genetic correlations with production traits were not different from zero. SaO data from one of these lines were analysed using a mixed inheritance model (i.e. including a major locus (MG) and polygenes) and the results suggested that a MG with two alleles at intermediate frequencies affected SaO. The putative MG accounted for a difference of 13% SaO between homozygotes and the decreasing allele was recessive. The MG was also estimated to have an overdominant effect on weight and fleshing score. The mode of action of the putative MG on SaO and production traits would hinder manipulation of its allele frequency without the use of molecular markers. A population was designed to map this putative MG. Power studies were performed to select a number of sires and their half-sib progeny. Sires were selected on the basis of their probability of being heterozygous at the putative MG as estimated by the segregation analysis. Regions around the three ryanodine receptor loci (RYR1, RYR2 and RYR3), which are candidate genes for AS, were chosen to perform a linkage study. No evidence of linkage of any of the regions studied with SaO, as a predictor of AS, was detected.
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Tregouet, Patrick Thierry. "Étude d'un protocole de traitement des ascites cirrhotiques." Nantes, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985NANT3450.
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Udwan, Khalil. "Role of oxidative stress in primary sodium retention and edema formation in nephrotic syndrome." Thesis, Paris 6, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA066331/document.
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Le syndrome néphrotique (SN) est causé par une altération glomérulaire, responsable d’une excrétion urinaire anormale de protéines plasmatiques, compliquée d’hypoalbuminémie. Le SN est toujours associé à une rétention rénale de Na + qui conduit à la génération d'ascite et / ou d'œdèmes. La pathogénie de la rétention de Na + et de la constitution d’œdèmes n’est pas entièrement élucidée. Dans notre étude, nous avons évalué le rôle possible des espèces réactives de l'oxygène (ROS) dans cette pathogénie. Notre étude dans le modèle de rat aminonucléoside puromycine (PAN) de SN fournit des éléments de preuve d'un rôle critique des ROS dans les troubles hydro-électrolytiques associés au SN. Dans le rein, l'endocytose de l'albumine anormalement filtrée dans le néphron distal induit un stress oxydatif qui est responsable de l’augmentation de la Na, K-ATPase. Dans le péritoine, le SN est associé à une augmentation marquée de la perméabilité à l'eau et à une diminution du coefficient de réflexion des protéines de la barrière péritonéale. Ces modifications, déclenchées par le stress oxydatif et l'activation subséquente de NF-kB, comptent pour environ deux tiers du volume de l'ascite. Enfin, nous avons confirmé que le stress oxydatif participe à la sécrétion de l'angiotensine-aldostérone et est nécessaire à l’apparition de l'hyperaldostéronémie observée chez les rats PAN-néphrotiques<br>Nephrotic Syndrome (NS) is a nonspecific kidney disorder defined by abnormal urinary excretion of plasma proteins and hypoalbuminemia. NS is always associated with a renal retention of Na+ leading to the generation of ascites and/or edema. The pathogenesis of Na+ retention and edema is not fully elucidated. In our studies we evaluated the possible role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in this pathogenesis. Our studies in the puromycin aminonucleoside (PAN) rat model of NS provided pieces of evidence for a critical role of ROS in the hydro-electrolytic disorders associated with NS. In the kidney, endocytosis of abnormally filtered albumin in the distal nephron induces an oxidative stress which is responsible for the up-regulation of Na,K-ATPase. In the peritoneum, NS is associated with a marked increase in water permeability and a decrease in the reflection coefficient to proteins of the peritoneal barrier. These changes, which are triggered by oxidative stress and subsequent activation of NF-kB, account for approximately two-third of the volume of ascites. Finally, we confirmed that oxidative stress participates in the angiotensin-stimulated secretion of aldosterone and is required for the hyperaldosteronemia observed in PAN-nephrotic rats
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Yan, Fu J. "Investigating the Therapeutic Efficacy of a Novel Inhibitor GAP-107B8 on Ovarian Cancer Cells." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/20189.
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Ovarian cancers often develop resistance mechanisms against the standard platinum and taxane chemotherapy, which indicates the need for novel therapeutics to improve patient outcome. In vitro assays were performed to assess the effects and mechanism of action of a novel peptide, GAP-107B8, on ovarian cancer cell viability. Xenograft models were used to determine GAP-107B8’s effects on tumour burden in immune-incompetent mice. GAP-107B8 significantly reduced cell viability in ovarian cancer cell lines, although no synergistic effects with carboplatin were observed. This reduction in cell viability was due in part to apoptosis and may involve mechanisms leading to decreased pAKT, but without any change in pPKC levels. In vivo, GAP-107B8 had no effect on ovarian tumour burden, but significantly reduced ascites volume. The findings suggest that GAP-107B8 can reduce some malignant characteristics of cancer cells in vitro and in vivo and should be evaluated further as a potential therapeutic for ovarian cancer.
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Voigt, Michael D. "The diagnostic value of adenosine deaminase activity in the ascitic fluid of patients with tuberculous peritonitis." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/25882.
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This study was designed to: 1. Examine the diagnostic value of ADA levels in ascitic fluid, 2. Establish the sensitivity and specificity of this test in the diagnosis of tuberculous peritonitis, in a large number of patients, 3. Establish levels of adenosine deaminase activity which give the best discriminatory information in patients with ascites. 4. Determine what conditions may give rise to false positive or false negative results. 5. Finally, the study was designed to assess the relative diagnostic accuracy of previously used biochemical and haematological data, such as ascites total protein and white cell count. The diagnostic value of these tests alone, and combined with ADA activity in a descriminant analysis, was compared with the diagnostic accuracy of adenosine deaminase activity alone.
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Stanley, Adrian John. "Haemodynamic assessment and therapeutic studies in portal hypertension and ascites." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/22648.
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Portal, systemic, cardiopulmonary and renal haemodynamics of 96 patients with alcohol related cirrhosis were measured. Their inter-relationship and predictive value for variceal haemorrhage and survival during a mean follow-up of 19 months was investigated. Severity of liver disease was related to the hepatic venous pressure gradient (HVPG), azgos blood flow (AzBF) and systemic hypotension. During follow-up, HVPG predicted survival and variceal bleeding. Propranolol and isosorbide-5-mononitrate are widely used in the prophylaxis of variceal haemorrhage, but recent reports have suggested they may compromise renal function. Renal blood flow (RBF), HVPG, AzBF and systemic haemodynamics were measured in 26 cirrhotic patients before and after each drug or combination therapy. Despite significant changes in the other parameters, no fall in RBF was detected. The novel vasodilating beta-blocker carvedilol offers potential in the treatment of portal hypertension, but little data currently exist. Portal, cardiopulmonary and systemic haemodynamics and renal function were assessed in 17 cirrhotic patients after acute and chronic (1 month) therapy. Although carvedilol had a continued portal hypotensive effect after 1 month with no detrimental effect on liver blood flow or renal function, a significant minority of patients were unable to tolerate chronic therapy. Adenosine-antagonism offers a new therapeutic approach to cirrhotic ascites and renal dysfunction. The effects on renal and systemic haemodynamics and renal function were assessed following administration of FK352 (a novel adenosine-1 antagonist) to 12 cirrhotic patients with ascites. An improvement in natriuresis, diuresis and RBF was detected.
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Purcz, Nicolai Marius [Verfasser]. "Charakterisierung von Primärkulturen aus Ovarialkarzinomen und Ascites / Nicolai Marius Purcz." Kiel : Universitätsbibliothek Kiel, 2010. http://d-nb.info/101998340X/34.
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Tu, Qian. "Application de la technique CellSearch® Veridex pour la détection de cellules tumorales dans les liquides biologiques chez les patients atteints de cancers." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LORR0066/document.
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L’apparition de la technique CellSearch® a permis d’obtenir la sensibilité et la spécificité suffisantes et de détecter les CTCs en ciblant les marqueurs spécifiques dans le sang périphérique. Elle permet la numération et l’étude morphologique des CTCs qui est largement utilisée et validée. Nous décrivons une adaptation de la méthode CellSearch® pour détecter les cellules tumorale chez les LM (métastases leptoméningées) patients atteints de cancers du sein, du poumon et mélanomes, qui semble atteindre une sensibilité améliorée en comparaison avec la cytologie conventionnelle. Nous présentons également un cas clinique pour la détection de cellules tumorales dans l’ascite et du sang chez un patient avec le cancer de l’oesophage métastatique. De plus, la détection des cellules tumorales dans le redon chez les patients subis une chirurgie de la tête et du cou a été également réalisée. En utilisant cette méthode, les résultats sont non seulement quatitatifs, mais aussi quantitatifs avec des images numériques de chaque cellule, et des résultats séquentiels ont été étudiés chez certains patients atteints de cancer du sein, de cancer du poumon et de mélanome. Les données ont montré des changements dynamiques des nombres de cellules tumorales détectées dans le LCR, mais leurs corrélations avec la réponse au traitement ou la progression de la maladie ont besoin des études supplémentaires plus contrôlées avec une grande cohorte de patients. La mise en évidence de cette application serait importante en clinique pour le diagnostic, le pronostic et le traitement des patients atteints de cancer avec des métastases aux niveaux du SNC, du péritoine<br>The introduction of CellSearch® technology allows to give sufficient sensitivity and specificity and to detect CTCs targeting specific markers in peripheral blood. The enumeration and morphological study of CTCs are widely used and validated. We described an adaptation of the CellSearch® method to detect tumor cells in LM (leptomeningeal metastases) patients with breast cancer, lung cancer and melanoma, which appeared to achieve an improved sensitivity in comparison with conventional cytology. We also presented a case report for the detection of tumor cells in the ascites and blood of a patient with metastatic oesophageal cancer. Furthermore, the detection of tumor cells in aspirative drains after neck dissectionin from the patients undergoing surgery for head and neck cancer was also performed. Using this method, the results were not only quatitative but also quantitative with digital images of each cell, and sequential results were studied in some patients with breast cancer, lung cancer and melanoma. The data showed dynamic changes of the numbers of tumor cells detected in CSF, but their correlation with the response to treatment or disease progression need additional more controlled studies with a large cohort of patients. The application would be important for the clinical diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of cancer patients with CNS metastases and peritoneal metastases
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MORISS, FRANCOIS. "Les ascites revelatrices de tumeurs ovariennes : a propos de 14 observations." Lille 2, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988LIL2M165.
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Phillips, Elizabeth M. G. "Osmoregulation and thirst in cirrhosis." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.308018.
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Rudler, Marika. "Encéphalopathie hépatique chez les patiens atteints de cirrhose : le TIPS comme facteur de risque, apport de l'IRM multitmodale." Thesis, Paris 6, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA066532/document.
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Le TIPS (Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunts) est le traitement de référence au cours de l'hémorragie digestive par rupture de varices, ou dans le traitement de l'ascite réfractaire chez les patients atteitns de cirrhose. Il peut entraîner une encéphalopathie hépatique (EH), dans 35% des cas environ. L'imagerie par résonnance magnétique (IRM) cérébrale est l'examen de référence pour le diagnostic et le pronostic des maladies neurologiques. L'IRM multimodale combine la spectroscopie, l'imagerie par tenseur de diffusion, et l'IRM fonctionnelle de repos. La combinaison de ces différentes techniques a un intérêt pour le pronostic neurologique après traumatisme crânien ou arrêt cardio-respiratoire. Dans la première partie de ce travail, nous ferons une revue de la littérature sur l'EH en 2017. Nous décrirons les bénéfices du TIPS dans la prise en charge des complications de la cirrhose telles que l'hémorragie digestive et l'ascite, et aussi la probabilité de développer une EH après TIPS. La deuxième partie de ce travail sera consacrée à l'IRM cérébrale mutimodale. Nous en expliquerons les principes généraux, puis nous décrirons les données publiées dans la cirrhose. Enfin, nous présenterons les résultats obtenus en IRM cérébrale multimodale chez des patients candidats à la pose d'un TIPS. Nous décrirons en particulier qu'il existe des facteurs prédictifs de développement d'une EH après TIPS. En effet, la fraction d'anisotropie est plus basse dans notre série avant TIPS chez les aptients qui vont développer une EH après TIPS. Ainsi, le tenseur de diffusion pourrait aider à discrimier les patients qui sont les plus à risque de développer une EH<br>TIPS placement is required for the management of variceal bleeding or ascites in cirrhosis. However, hepatic encephalopathy (HE) may occur in 35% of patients after TIPS placement. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the best exam for the diagnosis and the prognosis of several neurological diseases. Multimodal MRI combines spectroscopy, diffusion tensor imaging and resting state. It has been proven to help for neurological prognostic in comatose patients after traumatic brain injury or cardiac arrest. In this manuscript, we will explain HE pathophysiology and management of HE in 2017. We will also describe results obtained with TIPS placement in patients with variceal bleeding. The second part of the manuscript will be dedicated to multimodal MRI: we will clarify each technique and what has been published in the setting of cirrhosis. Last, we will explain our results obtained in patients who are candidate for non urgent TIPS placement and will suggest that a low fractional anisotropy before TIPS may help to identify patients that are at risk of developing HE after TIPS
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Blay, Lyvia. "Etude de l’impact de la vitronectine et de la fibronectine ascitiques sur la récidive des carcinomes ovariens." Thesis, Cergy-Pontoise, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016CERG0811/document.
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Les cancers de l’ovaire représentent la première cause de mortalité due aux cancers gynécologiques dans les pays développés. La plupart de ces cancers sont diagnostiqués à des stades tardifs quand les cellules cancéreuses ovariennes ont disséminé et colonisé les parois de la cavité abdominale. En conséquence, ces cancers sont associés à un sombre pronostic.Plus d’un tiers des patientes présentent une accumulation de liquide d’ascite au moment du diagnostic. L’ascite est un fluide exsudatif ayant une composante cellulaire et également une composante liquide acellulaire, constituant un réservoir dynamique de molécules bioactives. Malgré une réponse efficace aux traitements standards, les taux de récidive de cette pathologie restent élevés. L’acquisition d’une chimiorésistance et le mode de propagation atypique des cellules cancéreuses sont deux éléments importants impliqués dans la récidive des cancers ovariens.Le rôle de l’ascite et plus particulièrement de la composante matricielle ascitique, dans le processus de dissémination et dans la chimiorésistance des cellules cancéreuses ovariennes reste peu étudié et constitue le cœur de ce travail de thèse.L’objectif des travaux a été d’étudier l’influence de l’ascite et de deux glycoprotéines matricielles purifiées à partir d’échantillons d’ascites sur les comportements cellulaires propices à la dissémination et à la récidive des cancers ovariens. De plus, l’influence de l’ascite sur la réponse des cellules aux traitements à base de platine a également été recherchée et estimée.L’étude démontre que l’ascite est un microenvironnement propice à la dissémination des cellules cancéreuses ovariennes et que la fibronectine et la vitronectine ascitiques ainsi que leurs récepteurs d’adhérence spécifiques sont des éléments qui participent à la régulation de cette dissémination. L’ascite exerce également un effet protecteur contre l’effet cytotoxique des agents chimiothérapeutiques.Ces résultats mettent en perspectives l’intérêt potentiel de la fibronectine et de la vitronectine ascitiques comme outils diagnostiques et/ou cibles thérapeutiques des cancers ovariens et nous engagent à approfondir l’étude de ces deux molécules et de leurs conséquences sur la progression de la maladie<br>Ovarian cancers are the leading cause of death among gynaecological cancers in western countries. Most of these cancers are diagnosed at a late stage, when ovarian cancer cells have spread and colonized the walls of the abdominal cavity. Therefore, these cancers are associated to a poor prognosis.More than one third of the patients show an accumulation of ascites at the time of the diagnosis. Ascites are exudative fluids composed of a cellular and also an acellular fraction. In fact, ascites constitute a dynamic reservoir of bioactive molecules. Even if the response of ovarian cancers to the current first-line therapy, that consit in debulking surgery followed by chemotherapy, is satisfactory, the rate of recurrence remains important. The gain of a chemoresistance and the atypical widespread of cancer cells are two important factors involved in the recurence of the ovarian cancers.The role of ascites and more particularly, of the ascitic matrix componants on the dissemination process and on the chemoresitance of the ovarian cancer cells remain poorly studied and is the aim of this work.The objective of this study was to investiguate the influence of ascites and of two matrix glycoproteins purified from samples of ascites i) on the cells behavior convenient to the dissemination and the recurrence of the ovarian cancers and ii) on the response of cells to therapeutics treatments with platinum.This study suggests that ascites are a permissive microenvironment to the dissemination of ovarian cancer cells and that ascitic fibronectin and vitronectin as well as their specific receptors are actors which participate to the regulation of this dissemination. Ascites also protect ovarian cancer cells against the cytotoxicity of chemotherapeutic drugs.These results illustrate the potential interest of ascites derived fibronectin and vitronectin as diagnosis tools and/or therapeutic targets for ovarian cancers and encourage us to deepen the study of these two molecules and their consequences in the progress of the disease
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Preston, Nancy Jean. "The development of a nursing therapy for the management of malignant ascites." Thesis, Institute of Cancer Research (University Of London), 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.411772.
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Lodato, Francesca <1975>. "Factors predicting mortality after tips for refractory ascites: a single center experience." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2010. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/2776/1/francesca_lodato_tesi.pdf.pdf.
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Introduction: Transjugular intrahepatic porto-systemic shunt (TIPS) is an accepted indication for treating refractory ascites. Different models have been proposed for the prediction of survival after TIPS; aim of present study was to evaluate the factors associated with mortality after TIPS for refractory ascites.
Methods: Seventy-three consecutive patients undergoing a TIPS for refractory ascites in our centre between 2003 and 2008, were prospectively recorded in a database ad were the subject of the study. Mean follow-up was 17±2 months. Forty patients were awaiting liver transplantation (LT) and 12 (16.4%) underwent LT during follow-up.
Results: Mean MELD at the moment of TIPS was 15.7±5.3. Overall mortality was 23.3% (n=17) with a mean survival after TIPS of 17±14 months. MELD score (B=0.161, p=0.042), AST (B= 0.020, p=0.090) and pre-TIPS HVPG (B=0.016, p=0.093) were independent predictors of overall mortality. On multivariate analysis MELD (B=0.419, p=0.018) and pre-TIPS HVPG (B=0.223, p=0.060) independently predicted 1 year survival. Patients were stratified into categories of death risk, using ROC curves for the variables MELD and HVPG. Patients with MELD<10 had a low probability of death after TIPS (n=6, 16% mortality); patients with HVPG <16 mmHg (n=6) had no mortality. Maximum risk of death was found in patients with MELD score 19 (n=16, 31% mortality) and in those with HVPG 25 mmHg (n=27, 26% mortality).
Conclusions: TIPS increases overall survival in patients with refractory ascites. Liver function (assessed by MELD), necroinflammation (AST) and portal hypertension (HVPG) are independent predictors of survival; patients with MELD>19 and HVPG>25 mmHg are at highest risk of death after TIPS
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Lodato, Francesca <1975>. "Factors predicting mortality after tips for refractory ascites: a single center experience." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2010. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/2776/.
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Introduction: Transjugular intrahepatic porto-systemic shunt (TIPS) is an accepted indication for treating refractory ascites. Different models have been proposed for the prediction of survival after TIPS; aim of present study was to evaluate the factors associated with mortality after TIPS for refractory ascites.
Methods: Seventy-three consecutive patients undergoing a TIPS for refractory ascites in our centre between 2003 and 2008, were prospectively recorded in a database ad were the subject of the study. Mean follow-up was 17±2 months. Forty patients were awaiting liver transplantation (LT) and 12 (16.4%) underwent LT during follow-up.
Results: Mean MELD at the moment of TIPS was 15.7±5.3. Overall mortality was 23.3% (n=17) with a mean survival after TIPS of 17±14 months. MELD score (B=0.161, p=0.042), AST (B= 0.020, p=0.090) and pre-TIPS HVPG (B=0.016, p=0.093) were independent predictors of overall mortality. On multivariate analysis MELD (B=0.419, p=0.018) and pre-TIPS HVPG (B=0.223, p=0.060) independently predicted 1 year survival. Patients were stratified into categories of death risk, using ROC curves for the variables MELD and HVPG. Patients with MELD<10 had a low probability of death after TIPS (n=6, 16% mortality); patients with HVPG <16 mmHg (n=6) had no mortality. Maximum risk of death was found in patients with MELD score 19 (n=16, 31% mortality) and in those with HVPG 25 mmHg (n=27, 26% mortality).
Conclusions: TIPS increases overall survival in patients with refractory ascites. Liver function (assessed by MELD), necroinflammation (AST) and portal hypertension (HVPG) are independent predictors of survival; patients with MELD>19 and HVPG>25 mmHg are at highest risk of death after TIPS
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Nguyen, Quang-Liêm. "Etude des corrélations entre les paramètres biochimiques sanguins et ascitiques chez des malades atteints de cirrhose." Paris 13, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA130012.
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王位慶. "癌性腹水的中醫藥治療文獻研究". HKBU Institutional Repository, 2012. http://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_ra/1341.
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Carduner, Ludovic. "Influence de sécrétions ascitiques sur le comportement des cellules cancéreuses ovariennes : identification de cibles moléculaires adhésives." Phd thesis, Université de Cergy Pontoise, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00958464.
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Le cancer de l'ovaire représente la première cause de décès par cancer gynécologique. La survie globale des patientes à 5 ans est inférieure à 30%. Ce sombre pronostic s'explique à la fois par la découverte tardive de la maladie et par le développement d'une chimiorésistance. L'ascite est un fluide exsudatif qui est fréquemment accumulé dans la cavité péritonéale au cours de la progression des cancers de l'ovaire. Ce " microenvironnement tumoral " particulier contribue à la dissémination des cellules cancéreuses et à leurs implantations péritonéales.L'objectif global du travail de thèse a été, d'une part d'évaluer l'influence de l'ascite sur le comportement des cellules cancéreuses ovariennes et d'autre part, d'étudier les mécanismes de résistance à la perte d'ancrage des cellules cancéreuses ovariennes.Nous avons ainsi démontré que l'ascite induit une transition épithélio-mésenchymateuse partielle et que les modifications des comportements cellulaires observées sont dépendantes des intégrines alpha-v.Deux ligands de ces intégrines, la vitronectine et la fibronectine, ont été purifiés selon un protocole original permettant la caractérisation des deux protéines à partir d'une même ascite. Ces protéines ascitiques ont des propriétés différentes selon leur origine, donc selon les patientes dont elles sont issues, et influencent le comportement adhésif des cellules avec un degré variable. L'importance de la signalisation dépendante des intégrines alpha-v et des voies MAP Kinases a également été démontrée dans l'établissement d'une résistance des sphéroïdes tumoraux à l'anoïkis.En perspective, approfondir les connaissances des processus cellulaires et moléculaires conduisant à la dissémination intrapéritonéale et à l'émergence de chimiorésistance ainsi que déterminer le rôle potentiel de protéines ascitiques dans ces processus pourraient permettre la découverte de nouvelles cibles thérapeutiques.
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Courant, Séverine Campillo Bernard. "Validation de l'indice de masse corporelle dans le dépistage de la dénutrition chez le patient cirrhotique." Créteil : Université de Paris-Val-de-Marne, 2007. http://doxa.scd.univ-paris12.fr:80/theses/th0251136.pdf.
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SAKUMA, SADAYUKI, HIDEHITO ICHIHASHI, TAKEO NAKAGAWA, YOSHINAO KATSUMATA, and KAZUO KATSUMATA. "Studies on the Computed Tomography of the Pancreas in Patients of Liver Cirrhosis." Nagoya University School of Medicine, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/17480.
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DESSALVI, SARA. "Translational surgical research on patients with chylous ascites: effectiveness of the application of a peritoneo-venous shunt." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Genova, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/11567/1094536.
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Introduction. Chylous reflux is mainly related to lymphatic valvular insufficiency due to chyle-lymphangectasia and dysplasia. The etiology of chylous ascites (also called chyloperitoneum) includes primary abnormalities of lymphatic or chyliferous vessels development or secondary causes, such as trauma, surgery or tumors. Conservative approach is the main treatment and it includes medical and nutritional therapy. In the event of failure of conservative therapy, endovascular procedures and surgical therapy can be used. However, there are cases, especially due to primary dysplastic nature, that do not respond to the combined treatment reported above and require the implantation of a peritoneum-venous shunt (PVS) (such as Denver® Shunts, traditionally used in the eighties for palliation of refractory malignant ascites) or other drainage devices.
Objective. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness in chylous ascites of the application of a device for the peritoneum-venous shunt, in order to achieve the drainage of chylous ascites in a central vein, for the recovery of immunological and nutritional components (such as proteins, albumin, lymphocytes) into the blood circulation. Where peritoneum-venous shunts were not successful, also other drainage devices were evaluated, to temporarily drain the fluids from the abdomen.
Materials and methods. The research focused on 3 patients (17- and 47-years old female and 57 years old male) with recurrent spontaneous chyloperitoneum that were studied and treated under local anesthesia with the insertion of a Denver-type peritoneum-jugular shunt. The venous end was inserted into a jugular vein via a subcutaneous tunnel that was created and the peritoneal end of the shunt was placed at the most caudal part of the pelvis. The Denver shunt has a unidirectional pump that was placed in a subcutaneous pocket over the lower ribs and allowed daily manual compressions and movement of fluid. Complications related to the implant of the valve led us to replace it with an external percutaneous drainage device (Relief® system).
Results and conclusions. All PVS implants were successfully performed. Follow-up period was 27-32 months (clinical, laboratory and echo-graphic assessment). Significant symptomatic relief was obtained in all patients. All patients initially showed a reduction in abdominal circumferences and body weight. Serum albumin, lymphocytes and immunoglobulins levels increased significantly following PVS placement. Postoperative complications included thrombosis of the jugular vein, treated with low weight heparin subcutaneously. In one patient there was a temporary recurrence of the ascites, spontaneously solved, following a proper low-fat diet. In the first period, all the patients had a significant improvement of the clinical conditions with an acceptable control of chylous ascites and with an improvement of quality of life for more than one year. Then, permanent and unsolvable occlusion of the PVS and venous thrombosis occurred so all PVS were removed and in 2 patients a Relief ®system was implanted to drain the remaining ascites.
The idea of deriving ascites in a jugular vein did not lead to satisfactory long-term results in patients with chylous ascites, so it was necessary to switch to the use of other devices. The main problem is the density of the chylous fluid and the presence of coagulation factors that promote thrombosis. In the future it will be necessary to evaluate other technical solutions and special materials that can allow us to overcome the limits of the proposed method.
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Pinheiro, Rafael Soares Nunes. "Hérnia de parede abdominal no paciente cirrótico: cirurgia ou tratamento conservador?" Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5168/tde-20092016-162922/.
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INTRODUÇÃO: As hérnias de parede abdominal têm elevada incidência em pacientes cirróticos. Ascite e desnutrição contribuem para que essas hérnias adquiram grandes proporções, causando sintomas álgicos, decréscimo da qualidade de vida e maior risco de complicações locais que exijam tratamento cirúrgico de urgência. Contudo, o tratamento conservador é o mais empregado pela elevada morbimortalidade associada a procedimentos cirúrgicos nesses pacientes. OBJETIVO: O objetivo deste estudo é analisar os resultados do tratamento cirúrgico de hérnias de parede abdominal em pacientes cirróticos. MÉTODOS: Estudo prospectivo, baseado no seguimento de pacientes cirróticos com hérnia de parede abdominal no Ambulatório de Transplante Hepático do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, durante o período de 01/01/2009 à 01/11/2014. Foram analisadas as características demográficas, da hepatopatia, do tipo de hérnia, ocorrência de complicações e mortalidade dos pacientes que foram submetidos à cirurgia eletiva ou mantidos em acompanhamento clínico. Desse último grupo, os pacientes que apresentaram complicações com indicação de cirurgia, foram submetidos à cirurgia de urgência. Os pacientes submetidos à cirurgia eletiva foram selecionados de forma randômica. RESULTADOS: Foram avaliados 246 pacientes nesse período do estudo. A cirurgia eletiva foi realizada em 57 pacientes. Desses, 186 permaneceram em acompanhamento clínico. A incidência de complicações exigindo tratamento cirúrgico de urgência foi de 22,7% (43 pacientes). A sobrevida a longo prazo foi maior entre os pacientes submetidos à cirurgia eletiva em relação aos pacientes em acompanhamento clínico (p=0,012). A cirurgia de urgência apresentou maior incidência de complicações pós-operatórias e maior mortalidade em comparação à cirurgia eletiva (p=0,005). CONCLUSÕES: O paciente cirrótico, com hérnia de parede abdominal, apresenta elevada mortalidade em sua evolução, independente da realização da correção cirúrgica da hérnia. A cirurgia eletiva proporcionou maior sobrevida em comparação aos pacientes mantidos em acompanhamento clínico. A cirurgia de urgência foi um fator de risco para maior morbidade e mortalidade<br>INTRODUCTION: Cirrhotic patients have higher incidence of abdominal wall hernias. Ascistes and sarcopenia are risk factors to development of huge hernias, leading to pain, poor quality of life and need of urgent surgery due local complications. However, hernia surgery is usually delayed among cirrhotic patients due higher morbidity and mortality. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to analyze the surgical treatment of abdominal wall hernias in cirrhotic patients. METHODS: A prospective, analytical study, based on follow-up of cirrhotic patients with abdominal wall hernia that were followed in Liver Transplant Clinic at the Hospital das Clinicas, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, during the period from January 2009 to November 2014. We analyzed demographics, characteristics of liver disease, type of hernia, complications and mortality of patients who underwent elective hernia surgery or were kept in exclusive clinical follow up. The exclusive clinical group underwent urgent hernia surgery when indicated. Elective surgery was performed in unselected patients. RESULTS: We enrolled 246 patients during the study period. Elective surgery was performed in 57 patients. 186 patients had clinical follow up, incidence of urgent surgery was 22,7% (43 patients). Elective surgery provided better long term survival then clinical follow up (p=0.012). Urgent surgery had higher morbidity and it was an independent risk factor for mortality (p=0.005). CONCLUSIONS: cirrhotic patients with abdominal wall hernia have higher mortality, regardless of performing the surgical correction. Hernia elective repair provided better survival than patients in conservative treatment. Urgent surgery imposes higher morbidity and mortality than elective surgery
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Fernández, Esparrach M. Glòria. "Trastorn circulatori postparacentesi. Incidència, implicacions pronòstiques i prevenció amb expansors plasmàtics." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/2234.
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L'ascites és una de les complicacions més freqüents de la cirrosi hepàtica i sol ser el primer signe de descompensació en un gran nombre de malalts amb cirrosi. La seva existència no tan sols és indicativa d'un mal pronòstic de la malaltia, sino que a més afavoreix l'aparició de complicacions i condiciona un gran nombre d'hospitalitzacions. <br/><br/>El tractament de l'ascites constitueix un problema terapèutic de gran importància amb un impacte notable sobre les despeses sanitàries i la qualitat de vida del malalt, perquè molt sovint cal hospitalitzar el malalt per poder obtenir una resposta terapèutica, durant períodes llargs i amb un elevat percentatge de reingressos.<br/><br/>Tot i quedar en desús per la introducció dels diürètics moderns (vers el 1960), la paracentesi terapèutica resulta una alternativa interessant al mètode de tractament de l'ascites en pacients amb cirrosi hepàtica, que es basa en una dieta hiposòdica i l'administració de diürètics, atesa la presència habitual de complicacions com ara encefalopatia hepàtica, insuficièncuia renal i hiponatrèmia dilucional. A més, una proporción significativa d'aquests malalts (entre un 10 i un 20%) tenen una ascietes refractària al tractament diürètic. <br/><br/>Encara que la paracentesi presenta alguns riscos genys menyspreables (com ara l'aparció d'infeccions o hemorràgies), l'anàlisi de la literatura científica que defensava l'abandó d'aquest procediment no dona raons prou fundades per justifiquin l'oblit a què s'ha vist sotmès durant els últims trenta anys. Entre els problemes més remarcables, hi ha un seguit d'alteracions en el volum plasmàtic que donen com a resultat una situació hemodinàmica inestable. Aquest trastorn es pot combatre eficaçment amb la utilització d'albúmina, encara que pel seu elevat cost s'ha mirat de trobar un altre expansor plasmàtic. <br/><br/>En aquest sentit, aquesta tesi ha tingut fonamentalment dos objectius que s'ha estudiat en el marc de sengles protocols dissenyats específicament per a l'ocasió. El primer objectiu ("Protocol 1"), de gran interès clínic, ha consistit a comparar l'eficàcia de tres expansors plasmàtics (albúmina humana, dextran 70 i gelatina polimeritzada) en la prevenció del trastorn circulatori postparacentesi en els pacients cirròtics amb ascites a tensió tractats amb apracentesi total, i a estudiar si aquest trastorn és un fenomen transitori o si, pel contrari, és persistent i comporta uns canvis en l'evolució natural de la malaltia. El segon objetiu ("Protocol 2") ha estat estudiar quin és el mecanisme que determina el trastorn hemodinàmic i l'acticació dels sistemes vasoconstrictors després de la paracentesi, per tal d'esbrinar si es tracta només d'una hipovolèmia efectiva o si, per contra, és una hipovolèmia real.
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Brencicova, Eva. "Investigating the impact of ovarian carcinoma ascites on Toll-like receptor mediated dendritic cell activation." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2013. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/investigating-the-impact-of-ovarian-carcinoma-ascites-on-tolllike-receptor-mediated-dendritic-cell-activation(f38c549c-0831-49be-9fe2-9229c221f66b).html.
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In this study, we investigate the impact of ovarian carcinoma associated ascites on dendritic cell (DC) activation by Toll-like receptor (TLR) agonists in vitro. DC have the potential to instigate a tumour-specific adaptive immune response, but their ability to induce differentiation of naïve lymphocytes into effector cells in lymphoid tissues is dependent on their activation status. Here, we examine whether DC activation by TLR agonists is impeded by ovarian carcinoma environment and if so, how these effects can be alleviated. Our results show that ascites reduces the TLR-mediated up-regulation of the co-stimulatory molecule CD86 and partially inhibits the production of the pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-12 and tumour necrosis factor α (TNFα) in monocyte-derived DC from healthy donors. We further observe an impaired T cell stimulatory capacity of monocyte-derived DC upon activation with TLR agonists in the presence of ascites, indicating that their function as antigen-presenting cells is affected by the immunosuppressive factors. Selective neutralization of IL-10 and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) in vitro alleviates the suppressive effects of ovarian carcinoma associated ascites. However, our results show that autocrine IL-10 contributes to the observed suppression. The role of autocrine PGE2 is yet unclear, as we have no indication that this protein is produced by TLR-activated monocyte-derived DC. We have established and present here an elegant method to dissect the relative contributions of ascites-derived versus autocrine IL-10 and PGE2, and experiments to this effect are ongoing. The findings of this study can enhance the understanding of the ovarian carcinoma environment and its influence and relevance in the context of DC-based vaccines and other immunotherapeutic intervention strategies in ovarian carcinoma.
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Karlsson, Malin. "Metodvalidering av CellientTM genom jämförelse vid immuncytokemisk infärgning gentemot traditionell preparering av ascites- och pleuravätska." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för kemi och biomedicin (KOB), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-53669.
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When a patient is in urgent need of treatment, for a condition like cancer, a fast method to produce diagnosable material from the laboratory is desirable. CellientTM uses alcohol-fixation and enables diagnosis the same day the sample is received, while the standard method using formaldehyde takes over 48 hours before a diagnosis can be provided. CellientTM is fast and reduces human errors, but the affect it has on immunocytochemistry is not fully established. The purpose of this work was to validate CellientTM for clinical use. The validation was to establish whether cytological specimens prepared using the CellientTM gave comparable results to specimens prepared using the standard method. Specimens were prepared using both methods before immunocytochemical staining with antibodies was performed. Validation was performed using a parallel analysis of patient specimens using the CellientTM method and the standard method and then immunocytochemically staining the material with antibodies targeting CDX2, CK5, CK7, ER, Ki67, p63, TTF-1 and WT1. Staining was then compared between the methods for each specimen. Because of an unsatisfactory number of specimens but also because of statistical differences between staining of the CellientTM material and the standard methods material the clinical use of the CellientTM could not be validated. The CellientTM provided a weaker staining in many cases. Thus further studies are needed which by optimizing the staining procedure might validate CellientTM for clinical use with ICC. An alternative would be to further utilize the already existing ThinPrep-method for ICC. It is desirable to leave methods involving hazardous formaldehyde.<br>Att från laboratoriets sida snabbt få fram diagnostiserbart material är önskvärt när patienten snabbt är i behov av behandling för till exempel olika typer av cancer. Med CellientTM, som använder alkoholfixering, kan diagnos erhållas samma dag som provet tas. Standardmetoden med formaldehyd tar över 48 timmar innan patienten kan få en diagnos. Preparering av prover med CellientTM går snabbt och minskar mänskliga felkällor, men hur materialet infärgas med immuncytokemi är inte helt fastställt. Syftet med arbetet var att metodvalidera Cellient TM för klinisk användning. Valideringen skulle kontrollera om cytologiskt material som prepareras med denna metod var jämförbart med material som prepareras enligt standardmetod. Detta genom att se till eventuella skillnader vid immuncytokemisk infärgning med olika antikroppar. Metodvalidering användes genom att parallellt preparera patientmaterial med Cellient-metod och standardmetod och sedan färga preparaten med antikroppar riktade mot CDX2, CK5, CK7, ER, Ki67, p63, TTF-1 och WT1. Infärgningar genererade med de båda metoderna jämfördes mellan patientfall. På grund av för litet statistiskt underlag men också på grund av för stora skillnader mellan standardmetodens infärgning och Cellient-metodens infärgning kunde inte CellientTM valideras. CellientTM genererade i de flesta fall en svagare infärgning. Arbetet visar behovet av vidare studier genom optimering av infärgningsprogram för att i framtiden kunna validera antikroppar för klinisk användning med CellientTM. Alternativet skulle vara att utveckla på arbetsplatsen redan etablerade ThinPrep-metoden för användning med immuncytokemisk infärgning. Det är önskvärt att på sikt lämna metoder som involverar den hälsofarliga formaldehyden.
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Andersson, Emma, and Andréa Lindh. "Jämförelse mellan konventionell utstryksmetod och vätskebaserad ThinPrepmetod vid preparering av etanolfixerade exsudat." Thesis, Hälsohögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, HHJ, Avd. för naturvetenskap och biomedicin, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-40077.
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Vid cytologisk bedömning av celler i exsudat kan olika metoder användas vid preparering. Vid konventionell utstryksmetod stryks provet ut manuellt på objektglas medan vätskebaserad ThinPrepmetod preparerar provet i en automatiserad process. Studiens syfte var att jämföra konventionell utstryksmetod och vätskebaserad ThinPrepmetod med tillsats av ättiksyra vid preparering av etanolfixerade exsudat. I studien användes totalt 34 prover av pleuravätska och ascites. Proverna preparerades med konventionell utstryksmetod och två varianter av ThinPrepmetod, ThinPrepmetod 1 och ThinPrepmetod 2. Preparaten bedömdes av två cytodiagnostiker utifrån fem kriterier; cellförekomst, förekomst av inflammatoriska celler, cellmorfologi, bakgrundsmaterial och förekomst av atypiska eller maligna celler. Resultaten visade på att ThinPrepmetod 2 gav likvärdiga, och i vissa avseenden bättre, resultat än konventionell utstryksmetod. ThinPrepmetoden har generellt fler fördelar jämfört med konventionell utstryksmetod, framförallt innebär den en tidsbesparing för de som bedömer preparaten vilket också gynnar patienter. En mer omfattande studie rekommenderas för att konfirmera resultaten i denna studie.<br>Preparation of effusions for cytological evaluation can be performed with different methods. Conventional smears are performed by spreading the sample directly onto a slide while liquid-based ThinPrep method prepares the sample in an automated process. The aim of this study was to compare conventional smears with liquid-based ThinPrep preparation, with additional acetic acid, of effusions fixated with ethanol. A total of 34 samples of pleural effusions and ascites were included. The samples were prepared with conventional smears and two versions of the ThinPrep method, ThinPrep method 1 and ThinPrep method 2. The preparations were examined by two cytotechnologists based on five criteria; occurrence of cells, occurrence of inflammatory cells, cell morphology, background material and the presence of atypical or malignant cells. The results showed that ThinPrep method 2 obtained equivalent and, in some aspects, even better results compared to conventional smears. In general, the ThinPrep method has several advantages compared to the conventional smears. In particular, it is timesaving when examining the slides, which also benefits the patients. A more comprehensive study is recommended to confirm the results of this study.
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Walton, John-Peter. "The effect of dietary flax oil and antioxidants on pulmonary hypertension and ascites in broiler chickens." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ40448.pdf.
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Bu, Guojun. "Purification, characterization and substrate specificity of a nuclear mRNA (Guanine-7)-Methyltransferase from Ehrlich ascites cells." Diss., Virginia Tech, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/39809.
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The 5' - termini of most eukaryotic and viral mRNAs contain the sequence of m7G(5')ppp(5')N- known as the "cap" structure. The guanine-7 methylation of this cap structure is important for mRNA processing and initiation of translation. A RNA (guanine-7)-methyltransferase that specifically methylates the 5'-terminal guanosine residue of the RNA cap structure has been purified about 280-fold from the nucleoplasm of Ehrlich ascites cells. This enzyme activity was elevated eight fold in Ehrlich ascites tumor cells when compared to the methyl transferase activity from normal mouse liver cells. The enzyme catalyzed the methyl group transfer
from S-adenosylmethionine to a capped but unmethylated RNA substrate. The
purified enzyme had an apparent native molecular weight of 95,000, as determined by gel filtration chromatography. SDS-PAGE showed a predominamt protein band of 46,000 daltons suggesting that the native enzyme consisted of two identical subunits. The enzyme was unstable when the protein concentration was low but was stable when stored at -20°C in a buffercontaining 50% glycerol. The (guanine-7)-methyltransferase showed a pH optimum at 8.0. Two monovalent ions, potassium and sodium, stimulate the enzyme activity with an optimum concentration of 0.05 M. The enzyme does not require magnesium for activity. Instead, this divalent ion and two others, manganese and calcium, were found to inhibit enzyme activity at concentrations as low as 5 mM.<br>Ph. D.
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BREGA, BERNARD. "Les ascites chyleuses apres chirurgie de l'aorte abodminale : a propos d'un cas ; revue de la litterature." Besançon, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991BESA3038.
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Nallet, Gérard. "Apport des examens biologiques du liquide d'ascite dans le diagnostic des ascites neoplasiques avec carcinomatose peritoneale." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986STR1M303.
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Gentile, Luciana Boffoni. "Modulação por PGE Ind.3 no perfil de subpopulações celulares e citocinas na evolução do Tumor Ascítico de Ehrlich (TAE) /." Botucatu : [s.n.], 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/95915.
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Orientador: Denise Fecchio<br>Resumo: O presente trabalho objetivou avaliar o envolvimento das prostaglandinas no crescimento tumoral, influxo inflamatório e secreação de citocinas durante a evolução do Tumor Ascítico de Ehrlich (TAE). Para tanto, camundongos foram inoculados com 1 x 103 células tumorais (ip) e tratados com indometacina (1mg/Kg,1x/dia,ip) ou com diluente (0,1 ml,1x/dia,ip). Decorridos 1, 3, 6, 10 e 13 dias os animais foram sacrificados e avaliados quanto ao influxo inflamatório diferencial, secreção de TNF-a, IL1-a, IL-2, IL- 4, IL-6, IL-10 e IL-13 e níveis de PGE2 no lavado peritoneal.. Dois grupos controle adicionais foram constituídos de animais não portadores de TAE tratados com indometacina ou diluente, seguindo o mesmo protocolo. Os resultados obtidos demonstraram que o implante do TAE induz produção de PGE2 durante toda sua evolução; aumento do número de células neoplásicas a partir do 10o dia e diminuição do influxo de células mesoteliais no 10º dia e de basófilos no 10º e 13º dia pós implante neoplásico. Em relação as citocinas o TAE induziu produção de IL-6 no 10º e 13º dia e de IL 2 no 13º dia, não alterando de modo significativo o perfil das outras citocinas estudadas. O tratamento de animais portadores de TAE com indometacina, foi eficaz em inibir o crescimento tumoral e a síntese de PGE2 a partir do 10o dia de crescimento neopásico, e promoveu aumento significativo no influxo de neutrófilos segmentados e de células nucleadas, apenas em tempos iniciais da evolução tumoral. Ainda, o tratamento com indometacina promoveu síntese de IL-13 e inibição significativa de IL-6 no 13o dia de crescimento tumoral, não alterando as outras citocinas analisadas. No grupo não portador de tumor tratado com indometacina observamos aumento no influxo de neutrófilos segmentados no 1º dia... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo).<br>Abstract: The aim of the present study was investigate the prostaglandin involvement during the growth of Ehrlich Ascites Tumor (EAT), using as parameters: tumoral growth, inflammatory influx and cytokine profile. Mice were inoculated with 1 x 103 tumor cells (ip) and treated with indomehacin (1mg/Kg,1x/day,ip) or diluent (0,1ml,1x/day,ip). After 1, 3, 6, 10 and 13 days the animals were sacrificed and evaluated in relation to inflammatory influx, secretion of TNF -a , IL1-a, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10 and IL-13 and PGE2 level, in peritoneal cavity. Two groups no bearing EAT were treated with indomethacina or diluent as control ,following the same protocol. The results demonstrated that EAT implant induces PGE2 production during all evolution; increases tumoral cells number from the 10th day and decreases the mesotelial cells on 10th day and basophils cells on 10th and 13rd day.The cytokine profile showed EAT induces production of IL 6 from 10th day and of IL 2 on 13rd day, the other studied cytokines were not affected in a significant way. The indomethacin treatment of EAT bearing mice inhibited the tumoral growth and PGE2 synthesis from the 10th day and promoted significant increase on the neutrophils influx and total inflammatory cells, just in initial times of the tumoral evolution. Indomethacin treatment also promoted IL-13 synthesis and significant inhibition of IL-6 on 13rd day of EAT growth, but did not altered the others cytokines. The indomethacin treatment of animals do not bearing EAT increases neutrophils influx on the 1st day, lymphocytes on the 3rd day, eosinophils on 10th day; and no detected alteration was detected on cytokine profile Taken together, the results suggest that EAT growth is modulate by PGE2 and the inhibition of the tumoral growth could be partly related with suppression of IL-6 and liberation of IL-13.<br>Mestre
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Müller, Alessandra. "Production et caractérisation d'anticorps monoclonaux anti-carcinome prostatique humain." Paris 6, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA07F088.
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L'immunisation de souris Balb/c à l'aide d'extraits membranaires d'adénocarcinome prostatique humain a conduit à la formation d'hybridomes murins : splénocytes/myélome NS1. A partir de ces hybridomes sélectionnés par "screening", sont isolés deux clônes producteurs d'anticorps distincts : l'IgM Pro2 C11 500 E11 qui a une affinité très marquée pour le tissu prostatique sain ou malin et l'IgG₁ Pro3 F7 150 C8 qui reconnaît des lignées établies à partir de carcinomes humains prostatique, mammaire, vésical et rénal mais pas hépatique et uniquement le carcinome prostatique et une métastase de carcinome mammaire sur coupes tissulaires de patients humains. Pour que soit envisagé un intérêt clinique à partir du travail mené ici, il sera nécessaire d'approfondir l'étude antigénique et préciser la spécificité de reconnaissance tissulaire de ces anticorps monoclonaux dont les ascites, produites ici, fourniront, après purification, une quantité importante.
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Maher, Elizabeth Anne. "Atrial natriuretic factor in two canine models of ascites : cardiac release and heterogeneity of renal natriuretic response." Thesis, McGill University, 1988. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=75880.
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In response to i.v. ANF at 175 ng/kg/min, normal dogs increase sodium excretion ($ Delta$UNaV = 150 uEq/min) independent of changes in GFR and RPF. In contrast, when ANF was infused into chronic caval dogs (TIVC) or cirrhotic dogs (Cir) retaining sodium in the presence of ascites, they divided 50:50 into those who had a marked natriuretic response (responders, R) and those who had no natriuretic response (non-responders, NR). Of 46 TIVC dogs, 22 R had UnaV of 185 + 35 uEq/min and 24 NR had $ Delta$UNaV = 2 + 1 uEq/min. In 19 Cir dogs, 9 R had $ Delta$UNaV = 60 + 10 uEq/min and 10 NR had $ Delta$UNaV = 1.3 +.6 uEq/min. R and NR could not be differentiated in terms of atrial content of ANF, plasma iANF, ANF T1/2, plasma levels of renin and aldosterone, systemic hemodynamics, plasma volume, or papillary plasma flow. All dogs generated plasma and urinary cGMP equally. Renal denervation or vasodilitation did not increase sodium excretion in response to ANF in RN. When NR dogs returned to sodium balance in the presence of ascites, the natriuretic response was restored ($ Delta$UNaV = 90-340 uEq/min) and was not different from R dogs in this phase. Cir dogs studied sequentially in the pre-ascitic phase responded normally to ANF infusion when they were in sodium balance but split 50:50 into R and NR at week 4 during a period of sodium retention, plasma volume expansion, elevated plasma iANF and normal renin and aldosterone. We conclude that the blunting of UNaV in response to ANF is a characteristic of the sodium-retaining kidney, is reversible when sodium balance is restored and occurs at a tubular level, most likely in the medulla.
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Powell, Joseph E. "Influence of genomic architecture on the performance of association mapping : application to ascites syndrome in broiler chickens." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/15653.
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Nortjé, Bonita. "Dietary supplementation of di- and trimethylglycine to attenuate the effects of pulmonary hypertension syndrome (ascites) in broilers." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/57275.
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Both N, N-dimethylglycine (DMG) and trimethylglycine (Betaine; TMG) are intermediary metabolites in the pathway of choline-to-glycine metabolism. DMG possess non-enzymatic anti-oxidant properties and have been implicated in enhanced oxygen utilisation while TMG posses osmolytic, methyl-donating, lipolytic and also potentially anti-oxidant-like properties. Recently, DMG has been supplemented to broiler chicken diets as a means to alleviate pulmonary hypertension syndrome (PHS or ascites) in rapidly growing broiler chickens. The present trial aimed to evaluate the effects of these different methylamines on production and slaughter performance and ascites-relates traits in broilers, and to assess oxidative stress in broilers with ascites.
A challenge study was conducted where broilers were subjected to ascites-inducing conditions (AIC) from embryonic stage until 40 days of age. These AIC included high (>38.8°C) eggshell temperatures during mid-late incubation (Embryonic Day 11 (ED11) to Embryonic Day 18 (ED18)) and cold temperatures during brooding which increases the bird?s relative oxygen requirements and basal metabolic rate, as a means to incite pulmonary hypertension syndrome (PHS). A total of 1,632-day-old separate sex (males vs. females) broiler chicks were distributed equally amongst 96 pens. Birds were allocated to treatments based on a factorial arrangement comprising of two sexes and four dietary treatment groups of which each group had 12 replicate pens with 17 birds each. The treatment diets comprised of the following: a negative control group (NC; basal diet which was low in supplemental methionine (0.16 % methionine) and no additional choline chloride; a betaine group (NC + Betaine, where 1.042 g/kg of pure betaine (100 %) was added to the basal diet); a DMG group (NC + DMG, where equal molar equivalents of DMG (1.380 g/kg) was added to the basal diet); a positive control (PC) group (basal diet which contained additional levels of DL-methionine (0.21 % methionine) and additional choline chloride (250mg/kg)). Both DMG and TMG were fed at 100 % methyl group donors, i.e. concentrations higher than recommended levels. The experiment was divided into three phases: a starter phase (1-14 d), a grower phase (15-28 d) and a finisher phase (29-40 d). All birds were fed basal diet consistinf of maize-soybean meal. Animal performance was determined at weekly intervals. At termination of the study (d40 & 41), slaughter performance traits were determined on two birds per replicate. All birds were monitored twice daily for overt signs of PHS and mortality were recorded. During both processing stage 1 (d 20 & 21) and 2 (d 40 & 41) of the experiment, the risk of heart failure associated with the abovementioned dietary treatments was tested followed by gross and biochemical investigation from randomly selected individuals to determine the progression of PHS.
Overall, body weight (BW), body weight gain (BWG) and cumulative BWG (CumBWG) were consistently higher in birds fed dietary betaine in comparison with birds fed the negative control (basal) or DMG-supplemented diets, whereas dietary treatment appeared to have little to no effect on feed intake. Weekly and cumulative feed conversion ratios (cumFCR) were consistently lower (P <0.05) in the betaine group compared with both the NC and DMG-supplemented groups, but only during the starter period (up to 14 d of age). It was also demonstrated that the use of betaine significantly (P <0.05) improved carcass parameters such as dressing percentage, breast meat weight and breast meat yield in comparison with both the NC (basal) and DMG-supplemented diet. Dietary treatment had no effect on any of the abdominal fat parameters. Furthermore, there was a highly significant (P <0.05) response following dietary betaine supplementation in pre-slaughter live BW, carcass weight, leg portion- and wing weight but not yield, in contrast to birds fed DMG. CumBWG, cumulative feed intake (CumFI) and CumFCR were significantly better (P <0.0001) for the commercial Ross male broiler chickens in contrast to the females. The heavier male broilers had significantly higher pre-slaughter live body- and carcass weights (P <0.0001), lower abdominal fat content (P <0.0001), and higher carcass cut (leg portion and wing) yields (P <0.05) than the females at slaughter.
The incidence of PHS was not significantly different in broilers fed either of the control diets as compared to the betaine-supplemented group although a 19 % lower mortality rate was observed (P >0.05) in the betaine-supplemented group compared to the NC treatment group. Broilers fed dietary betaine was less likely to succumb to heart failure due to PHS compared to birds fed dietary DMG (i.e. 33% lower mortality rate) (P <0.05). Male broilers showed a ~4 times higher (P <0.001) ascites mortality rate compared to their female counterparts, confirming male broiler chickens to be more prone to develop ascites due to their inherently faster growth rate.
The beneficial effects of betaine supplementation were also evident by a lower concentration of total serum homocysteine concentration (an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease) compared to the control and DMG-supplemented groups during both processing stages. The level of 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (4-HNE), an indicator of lipid peroxidation, was significantly lower for both the betaine-supplemented and PC treatment groups compared to either the NC or DMG treatment groups during processing stage 1 (d 20 & 21) (P <0.05). No significance was observed between the different treatment diets fed at 40 and 41 days of age (P >0.05). TBARS, an additional indicator of lipid peroxidative damage, was significantly lower for the DMG-supplemented group at 40 and 41 days of age compared to birds that received either the betaine-supplemented or Control diets. A slightly elevated AMPK concentration following oxidative-induced stress was obtained in birds fed dietary betaine at 40 and 41 days of age compared to birds fed either the DMG-supplemented or either of the control diets; however this difference was not significant (P>0.05).
In conclusion, current data from the present study demonstrates the beneficial effects of supplementing diets with betaine in contrast to its methyl derivative, DMG, and methyl-inadequate diets on production and slaughter performance and attenuating PHS in broilers. Oxidative stress contributed to the pathogenesis of PHS in broilers in this study and supplementation of betaine can, to some extent, prevent oxidative damage and alleviate cumulative mortalities in broilers that develop PHS.<br>Dissertation (MSc Agric)--University of Pretoria, 2015.<br>tm2016<br>Animal and Wildlife Sciences<br>MSc Agric<br>Unrestricted
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Finkernagel, Florian [Verfasser], and Rolf [Akademischer Betreuer] Müller. "On the transcriptome of ovarian carcinoma and immune cells found in ascites / Florian Finkernagel ; Betreuer: Rolf Müller." Marburg : Philipps-Universität Marburg, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1149544414/34.
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Thévenot, Thierry. "Ascite, insuffisance surrénale et inflammation systémique au cours de la cirrhose : mécanismes, diagnostic et conséquences pronostiques." Thesis, Besançon, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011BESA3005/document.
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Mes travaux ont concerné 1) l'ascite, 2) l'inflammation systémique, et 3) l'identification de la l'insuffisance surrénale au cours de la cirrhose. L'analyse prospective de 515 paracentèses montrait que les taux de complications mineures et majeures étaient respectivement de 8,9% et de 1,6%. La paracentèse évacuatrice (vs. exploratrice) était associée au risque de complication majeure, tandis que l'étiologie alcoolique, la gravité de la cirrhose (Child-Pugh C) et l'intensité de la thrombopénie rendaient plus compte des complications mineures. Les performances de deux bandelettes urinaires (BU) pour le diagnostic de l'infection spontanée du liquide d'ascite (ISLA) étaient excellentes (100 paracentèses testées). Avec un seuil de 125 leucocytes/mm3, les performances de la BU Multistix 8SG affichaient de moins bons résultats dans notre étude multicentrique (2123 paracentèses): sensibilité à 45,3% et VPP à 77,9%. Une élévation persistante de la C-réactive protéine (CRP) >29 mg/L entre JO et J15 prédisait la survie à 6 mois chez 175 patients cirrhotiques (Child-Pugh>7) hospitalisés, indépendamment du MELD, de l'existence de comorbidités extra-hépatiques et d'un carcinome hépatocellulaire. Nous avons montré que les concentrations de cortisol total sérique (CTS) diminuaient avec la dégradation de la fonction hépatique alors que les concentrations du cortisol libre sérique (CLS) et salivaire augmentaient ; cette chute du CTS était en rapport avec une chute des concentrations des protéines porteuses du cortisol [albumine et cortisol binding protein (CBG)] produites par le foie. Nous avons aussi montré que des concentrations élevées de CLS étaient associées à une surmortalité<br>My research has been focused on: 1) managing ascitis, 2) the systemic inflammation, and 3) the adrenal insufficiency in cirrhosis. Our prospective analysis of 515 paracentesis showed that the rates of minor and major complications were of 8.9% and of 1.6%, respectively. Therapeutic (vs. diagnostic) paracentesis was associated with risk of major complications, whereas the aetiology related to alcohol, the severity of cirrhosis (Child-Pugh C) and the intensity of thrombopenia were associated with minor complications. The performances of two urinary strips for the diagnosis of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) were excellent (100 paracentesis tested). Using the cut-off of 125 leukocytes/mm3, the performances of the Multistix 8SG strip displayed disappointing results in our multicenter study (2123 paracentesis): sensitivity of 45.3% and PPV of 77.9%. A Persistent C-reactive protein (CRP) >29 mg/L within the first 15 days predicted the 6-month mortality in 175 cirrhotic inpatients (Child-Pugh>7), independently of the MELD score, extra-hepatic comorbidities and hepatocellular carcinoma. We demonstrated that concentrations of serum total cortisol (STC) decreased along with the altération of hepatic function while the concentrations of serum free cortisol (SPC) and salivary cortisol increased. The low concentrations of STC in these patients were related to reduced serum concentrations of cortisol-binding proteins [albumin and corticosteroid-binding globulin (CBG)], both synthesized in the liver. Unlike previously reported. we have shown that patients who died at 12 months had high levels of SPC after 1ug of Synacthen, challenging the concept of "hepatoadrenal syndrome"
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Jackson, Lynn Rae. "Evaluation of hollow fiber bioreactors as an alternative to murine ascites production for small scale monoclonal antibody production." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/35989.
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Ding, Yi Verfasser], and Ferrer Leticia [Akademischer Betreuer] [Oliveira. "Analysis on the Adhesive Properties of Ascites-derived Cells in Ovarian Cancer / Yi Ding ; Betreuer: Leticia Oliveira-Ferrer." Hamburg : Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg, 2020. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:18-106503.
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Lukhele, Obed Mooki. "Influence of incubation temperature on chorio-allantoic membrane vascularization heart size and ascites incidence in broilers (Gallus domesticus)." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/67777.
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Ascites or pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) syndrome is a significant cause of mortality in modern fast-growing broilers that are raised at high altitude. Damage caused by temperature to the cardio-vascular system during embryo development is often overlooked as an important predisposing factor to ascites experienced on the farm.
Eggs from a 38 week-old Ross 308 flock were exposed to three temperature treatments. One group was exposed to 36.8oC (cool), the second group to 37.5oC (control) and the third group to 38.2oC (hot). Relative humidity ranged from 55-59% in all groups. These treatments were used throughout the incubation period.
Vascularisation of the chorio-allantoic membrane (CAM) was used as an indirect measure of embryonic blood vessel reaction to temperature insult. Vascular fraction (VF), density and fractal dimension (FD) and branching of blood vessels were assessed using a stereo microscope. The control had significantly lower (p<0.001) VF and FD compared to both hot and cool groups suggesting that high and low temperatures in incubators and hatchers trigger vascular compensation.
High temperature during embryonic development resulted in significantly lower heart mass in both the control (p<0.002) and the hot (p<0.001) groups compared to the cool treatment. A smaller heart will limit the ability of the fast growing broiler to compensate for low oxygen levels at high altitude and thus be prone to ascites.
Formation of the embryo muscle mass was significantly reduced in hot (p<0.001) and the control (p<0.007) groups compared to the cool treatment. In this study embryo mass was reported as yolk-free body mass (YFBM). The hot treatment had significantly (p<0.001) lower (1 843g) body mass at 35 days of age when slaughtered compared to the cool and control groups that averaged 2 107g and 2 130, respectively.
There was, however, no statistical difference (p<0.178) on heart mass (HM) to YFBM ratio amongst all three temperature treatment groups.
Mortality due to ascites was double (53%) in the hot group compared to the control and cool treatments which were similar. The difference in mortality was significant at p<0.001. This very high mortality in the hot group is likely to have skewed the right ventricle to total ventricular (RV: TV) ratio which was the same to that of the cool treatment at 0.26. This falls within the range of a normal fowl. Birds in the control group had higher (0.28) RV: TV ratio which indicated susceptibility to ascites.
Feed conversion for the control group was 2.94% better (1.517) than the cool group (1.563) and 5.2% better than the hot treatment (1.601), the differences were not significant between the hot and control group and slaughter.
The combined farm performance variables expressed in terms of an efficiency factor (PEF) showed that the control group (292) performed 4.8% better than the cool group (278) and 47.6% better than the hot group (153). Bacterial growth in yolks from eggs in the hot treatments was recorded in 19.2% of the samples, with 12% being gram-negative bacteria. Only 3% and 3.7% of samples from the control and cool groups, respectively, had bacterial growth. Of the bacteria isolated in the cool treatment group, all were gram-negative isolates. As the incubation and setter temperature increased, so has the number of positive samples. Statistically, bacterial growth was significantly (p<0,024) higher in the hot treatment compared to the cool and control groups combined.<br>Dissertation (MMedVet)--University of Pretoria, 2018.<br>Production Animal Studies<br>MMedVet<br>Unrestricted
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Ding, Yi [Verfasser], and Leticia [Akademischer Betreuer] Oliveira-Ferrer. "Analysis on the Adhesive Properties of Ascites-derived Cells in Ovarian Cancer / Yi Ding ; Betreuer: Leticia Oliveira-Ferrer." Hamburg : Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1216629730/34.
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Accurso, Charity Einhaus. "Fibrinogen-Coated Droplets of Olive Oil for the Targeted Delivery of Docetaxel to Fibrin(ogen)-Rich Tumors: Evaluation of Efficacy and Mechanism." Cincinnati, Ohio : University of Cincinnati, 2004. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?acc%5Fnum=ucin1078283884.
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Stinefelt, Beth M. "Uric acid as an antioxidant and the effect of changes in plasma uric acid concentrations on broiler susceptibility to ascites and the effect of diet and strain on growth, feed efficiency, and amino acid retention in hybrid bluegill /." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2003. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=3021.
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Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2003.<br>Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains vii, 88 p. : ill. (some col.). Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references.
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Abiko, Kaoru. "PD-L1 on tumor cells is induced in ascites and promotes peritoneal dissemination of ovarian cancer through CTL dysfunction." Kyoto University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/180337.
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